254:
343:
31:
379:, the Revolutionary Government in 1962 founded a medical history museum in honor of Carlos J. Finlay. On the wall of the Finlay Medical History Museum in Havana, the inscription states, "History Museum of the Medical Sciences ' Carlos J. Finlay', created by the Revolutionary Government in eternal homage to the men who contributed to the advance of the sciences in Cuba. National Commission of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Cuba. Havana, 13 June 1962."
466:
235:
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331:. His main interest, however, was yellow fever, and he was the author of 40 articles on this disease. His theory that an intermediary host was responsible for the spread of the disease was treated with ridicule for years. A humane man, he often took on patients who could not afford medical care. As a result of his work, Finlay was nominated seven times for the
249:
of 1900. Finlay went on to become the chief health officer of Cuba from 1902 to 1909. Although Reed received much of the credit in history books for "beating" yellow fever, Reed himself credited Finlay with the discovery of the yellow fever vector, and thus how it might be controlled. Reed often
347:"History Museum of the Medical Sciences ' Carlos J. Finlay', created by the Revolutionary Government in eternal homage to the men who contributed to the advance of the sciences in Cuba. National Commission of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Cuba. Havana, 13 June 1962."
160:
After recovering, he returned to Europe in 1848, but became stuck in
England for another two years due to political turmoil, and after arriving in France to continue his education, he contracted
145:
At that time Cuba was part of the
Kingdom of Spain. He reversed the order of his given names to "Carlos Juan" later in his life. His father was a physician who had fought alongside
803:
210:
Finlay's work, carried out during the 1870s, finally came to prominence in 1900. He was the first to theorize, in 1881, that a mosquito was a carrier, now known as a disease
231:
as the organism transmitting yellow fever. His theory was followed by the recommendation to control the mosquito population as a way to control the spread of the disease.
498:
966:: "The U.S. Postal Service establishes ZIP codes and mailing addresses in order to maximize the efficiency of their system, not to recognize jurisdictional boundaries."
368:
established the
National Order of Merit Carlos J. Finlay, rewarding contributions to healthcare and medicine. It is the highest scientific decoration awarded by the
942:
218:: a mosquito that bites a victim of the disease could subsequently bite and thereby infect a healthy person. He presented this theory at the 1881
527:
1137:
Pierce J.R., J, Writer. 2005. Yellow Jack: How Yellow Fever
Ravaged America and Walter Reed Discovered its Deadly Secrets. John Wiley and Sons.
648:
Pierce J.R., J, Writer. 2005. Yellow Jack: How Yellow Fever
Ravaged America and Walter Reed Discovered its Deadly Secrets. John Wiley and Sons.
924:
903:
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269:
military governor of Cuba in 1900: "The confirmation of Dr. Finlay's doctrine is the greatest step forward made in medical science since
963:
786:
1227:
409:
1147:
Crosby, M.C. 2006. The
American Plague: The Untold Story of Yellow Fever, The Epidemic That Shaped Our History. Berkley Books.
332:
1217:
420:
219:
729:
1152:
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758:
Decretos presidenciales que crean y reglamentan el
Instituto Finlay y la Orden Nacional del MĂ©rito "Carlos J. Finlay"
676:
653:
860:
440:
436:
398:). Finlay was also commemorated on a 1981 Cuban stamp. A statue commemorating Finlay is located on the bayfront in
78:
1222:
1232:
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for
Vaccines (Instituto Finlay de Vacunas, in Spanish), created in 1991, is named after him, as is the exoplanet
184:
250:
cited Finlay's papers in his own articles and gave him credit for the discovery in his personal correspondence.
1212:
153:. He attended school in France in 1844, but was forced to return to Cuba after two years because he contracted
1157:
Jefferson
Medical College hosted an international symposium celebrating accomplishments of Dr. Carlos Finlay
142:(now CamagĂŒey), Cuba to Scottish-born Dr. Edward (Eduardo) Finlay and French-born Elisa (Isabel) de BarrĂ©s.
115:(December 3, 1833 â August 20, 1915) was a Cuban epidemiologist recognized as a pioneer in the research of
295:
Finlay was a member of Havana's Royal
Academy of Medical, Physical and Natural Sciences. He was fluent in
959:
168:
89:
52:
815:
853:
667:
2006. The American Plague: The Untold Story of Yellow Fever, The Epidemic That Shaped Our History.
448:
167:
Because the University of Havana would not recognize his European academic credits, he enrolled at
451:
369:
628:"The mosquito hypothetically considered as an agent in the transmission of yellow fever poison,"
1022:
Tan, S Y; Sung H (May 2008). "Carlos Juan Finlay (1833-1915): of mosquitoes and yellow fever".
180:
176:
627:
608:
1197:
790:
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211:
390:, there is a monument in the shape of a syringe, honoring Finlay and usually referred to as
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1202:
545:
444:
1182:
8:
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609:"El mosquito hipoteticamente considerado como agente de trasmision de la fiebre amarilla"
253:
1177:
1065:
Del Regato, J A (1987). "Carlos Finlay and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine".
1002:
910:
611:(The mosquito hypothetically considered as an agent in the transmission of pink fever)
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His hypothesis and exhaustive proofs were confirmed nearly twenty years later by the
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187:, who supervised his studies. He graduated from Jefferson Medical College in 1855.
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365:
335:, although he was never awarded the prize. He received the National Order of the
328:
300:
296:
613:
Anales de la Real Academia de Ciencias MĂ©dicas, FĂsicas y Naturales de la Habana
428:
315:. His interests were widespread and he wrote articles on subjects as varied as
222:, where it was well received. A year later Finlay identified a mosquito of the
56:
775:. 76â77. Havana, Cuba: Centro Nacional de InformaciĂłn de Ciencias MĂ©dicas: 43.
706:
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356:, caused by severe brain seizures, at his house in Havana on August 20, 1915.
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30:
1117:
Rodriguez Cabarrocas, R (Aug 1960). "Carlos J. FINLAY and yellow fever".
771:
LancĂs SĂĄnchez, Francisco (1991). "Estudios histĂłricos y medicolegales".
471:
399:
246:
1067:
The Pharos of Alpha Omega Alpha-Honor Medical Society. Alpha Omega Alpha
958:
Despite the "Miami, FL" postal address, it is not in the City of Miami (
150:
139:
48:
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376:
1183:
Carlos Juan Finlay article from The American Academy of Ophthalmology
998:
895:
Dr. Carlos J. Finlay Elementary 851 SW 117th Avenue, Miami, FL 33184
288:. Prior to this, about 10% of the workforce had died each year from
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in 1860â61. In October 1865 he married Adela Shine, a native of the
607:
Carlos Juan Finlay (presented: August 14, 1881; published: 1882)
383:
199:
99:
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during the American campaign, from 1903 onwards, to construct the
280:
reduce the incidence and prevalence of mosquito-borne diseases in
194:
and set up an ophthalmology practice in 1857, and then studied in
730:"Carlos Juan Finlay: Cuban physician celebrated in Google doodle"
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operates Dr. Carlos J. Finlay Elementary School on the campus of
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289:
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Yellow Fever, A Symposium in Commemoration of Carlos Juan Finlay
1173:
Carlos Juan Finlay article from Encyclopedia of World Biography
406:
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353:
281:
239:
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154:
74:
1044:
Amster, L J (May 1987). "Carlos J. Finlay: the mosquito man".
432:
312:
234:
227:
223:
195:
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on December 3, 2013, on the 180th anniversary of his birth.
499:
Health measures during the construction of the Panama Canal
983:
Del Regato, J A (2001). "Carlos Juan Finlay (1833-1915)".
943:"2010 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: University Park CDP, FL"
202:. They had three sons, Charles, George and Frank Finlay.
119:, determining that it was transmitted through mosquitoes
16:
Cuban epidemiologist, yellow fever researcher (1833-1914)
1086:"Carlos J. Finlay (1833-1915) student of yellow fever".
883:
690:"Carlos Finlay and Yellow Fever: Triumph over Adversity"
564:"Carlos Finlay and yellow fever: triumph over adversity"
175:, which did not require prerequisites. Here Finlay met
1178:
Carlos J. Finlay article from Encyclopaedia Britannica
925:"2010 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Westchester CDP, FL"
904:"2020 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Westchester CDP, FL"
1116:
461:
372:. The order was discontinued between 1959 and 1981.
760:(in Spanish). Havana, Cuba: Instituto Finlay. 1929.
619: : 147-169. Available on-line in English at:
257:
The Finlay Medical History Museum in Havana in 2016
138:Finlay was born Juan Carlos Finlay y de Barrés in
964:Note that the city of Houston stated in 1996 that
1189:
687:
561:
804:Carlos J. Finlay UNESCO Prize for Microbiology
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149:, and his family owned a coffee plantation in
960:see map of Miami-Dade County municipalities
133:
1119:The Bulletin of the Tulane Medical Faculty
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982:
402:, near the canal he helped make possible.
29:
1021:
773:Cuadernos de Historia de la Salud PĂșblica
705:
562:Chaves-Carballo, Enrique (October 2005).
899:Compare the address with the following:
631:New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal
557:
555:
341:
252:
233:
410:Carlos J. Finlay Prize for Microbiology
1190:
1043:
205:
658:
642:
552:
546:"Dr. Carlos Finlay - History of Cuba"
532:Biography in Context: World of Health
333:Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
522:
520:
518:
516:
514:
273:'s discovery of the vaccination ."
13:
871:26 CARLOS FINLAY ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
421:Carlos J. Finlay Military Hospital
238:El Obelisco, Finlay's memorial in
14:
1244:
1166:
886:. Carlos Finlay Elementary School
688:Chaves-Carballo, Enrique (2005).
511:
220:International Sanitary Conference
1228:Jefferson Medical College alumni
1052:(5): 223â5, 229â30, 233 passim.
861:Florida International University
478:
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441:Florida International University
437:Miami-Dade County Public Schools
986:Journal of Public Health Policy
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42:Juan Carlos Finlay y de Barrés
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854:"Modesto A. Maidique Campus"
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164:and again returned to Cuba.
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7:
457:
415:Finlay was honoured with a
375:On Cuba Street in downtown
10:
1249:
214:, of the organism causing
173:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
1218:19th-century Cuban people
1024:Singapore Medical Journal
707:10.7205/MILMED.170.10.881
580:10.7205/milmed.170.10.881
386:, now within the city of
359:
169:Jefferson Medical College
95:
90:Jefferson Medical College
85:
63:
37:
28:
21:
1102:10.1001/jama.198.11.1210
1096:(11): 1210â1. Dec 1966.
423:is named after him. The
261:In the words of General
134:Early life and education
1046:Hosp. Pract. (Off. Ed.)
452:census-designated place
412:is named in his honor.
382:In the municipality of
1233:Cuban ophthalmologists
370:Cuban Council of State
349:
276:This discovery helped
258:
247:Walter Reed Commission
242:
181:germ theory of disease
177:John Kearsley Mitchell
1213:Cuban epidemiologists
622:Charles Finlay, with
345:
256:
237:
179:, a proponent of the
1223:People from CamagĂŒey
948:. U.S. Census Bureau
930:. U.S. Census Bureau
626:, translator (1881)
528:"Carlos Juan Finlay"
445:Westchester, Florida
190:He then returned to
364:In 1928, President
352:Finlay died from a
339:of France in 1908.
206:Professional career
185:Silas Weir Mitchell
911:U.S. Census Bureau
494:Healthcare in Cuba
350:
292:and yellow fever.
265:, a physician and
259:
243:
200:Island of Trinidad
113:Carlos Juan Finlay
787:"Cuba - Mosquito"
738:. 3 December 2013
694:Military Medicine
568:Military Medicine
447:(formerly in the
278:William C. Gorgas
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789:. Archived from
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337:Legion of Honour
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45:December 3, 1833
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449:University Park
366:Gerardo Machado
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311:and could read
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140:Puerto PrĂncipe
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86:Alma mater
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67:August 20, 1915
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49:Puerto PrĂncipe
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888:. Retrieved
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117:yellow fever
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104:yellow fever
69:(1915-08-20)
1208:1915 deaths
1203:1833 births
742:11 November
472:Cuba portal
400:Panama City
396:The Obelisk
392:El Obelisco
1192:Categories
1125:: 219â28.
1073:(2): 5â9.
976:References
952:2022-09-28
934:2022-09-28
916:2022-09-28
890:2023-10-28
866:2023-10-28
839:2020-01-02
593:5 November
429:BDâ17 63 b
377:Old Havana
505:Footnotes
129:Biography
1131:13742573
1036:18465043
1015:11382093
716:16435764
588:16435764
458:See also
384:Marianao
151:AlquĂzar
106:research
100:Mosquito
1161:, 1955.
1110:5332541
1079:3299405
1058:3106375
1007:3343556
325:gravity
321:cholera
317:leprosy
309:English
305:Spanish
290:malaria
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884:"Home"
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407:UNESCO
388:Havana
360:Legacy
354:stroke
327:, and
307:, and
301:German
297:French
282:Panama
271:Jenner
240:Havana
212:vector
192:Havana
155:chorea
75:Havana
1003:JSTOR
946:(PDF)
928:(PDF)
907:(PDF)
857:(PDF)
443:, in
433:Cetus
313:Latin
228:Aedes
224:genus
196:Paris
1149:ISBN
1139:ISBN
1127:PMID
1106:PMID
1089:JAMA
1075:PMID
1054:PMID
1040:bkfa
1032:PMID
1011:PMID
744:2015
712:PMID
673:ISBN
650:ISBN
595:2023
584:PMID
405:The
267:U.S.
102:and
79:Cuba
64:Died
53:Cuba
38:Born
1098:doi
1094:198
995:doi
702:doi
698:170
576:doi
572:170
454:).
431:in
171:in
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