895:
855:
875:
619:
colours. it can have a cross-collar design and fastened with band or sash, simpler designs are open in front with a straight collar and can be folded on either sides or left in middle and fastened with sash. nowadays it only has ceremonial use and might be used at home by families of poets and musicians and only the red variety is used. in
Afghanistan, Turkmens now rather use Perahan Tumban and wear local types of Chakmen(chapan) over it. in Iran some families own or sew Don by themself and some shops offer Don to be rented for weddings usually with high costs. modern Dons are made with high quality fabrics and embroidery and the purpose is ceremonial rather than daily use thus its mostly avoided to wash them fully since it can cause damage.
833:
511:
271:
37:
2083:
758:
2093:
320:
641:. Chabyt was also historically worn on the head to cover the face, other kinds of clothing such as chakmen, perenji, chadra were also worn over head. and married women covered their mouth in the presence of in-laws and elders. Now in Turkmenistan head covering is less common and Yalyk/Yaglyk might be used specially by married women. in Iran Yalyk is part of daily wear of Turkmen women, women who have gone to
711:
628:
common among high-ranking people. Now in
Turkmenistan, elders(aksakgal) usually wear dark blue chakmen in formal settings. In Iran, it is common for Akhun to wear a chakmen over white shirt while uniforms in grey and blue are also popular in modern madrasahs. In Afghanistan, the design of chakmen is different and more similar to Uzbek chapan and has lines coloured in red, blue, white, etc.
417:
789:
482:. Traditional dress for men consists of high, shaggy sheepskin hats and red robes over white shirts. Women wear long sack-dresses over narrow trousers (the pants are trimmed with a band of embroidery at the ankle). Female headdresses usually consist of silver jewelry. Bracelets and brooches are set with semi-precious stones.
605:
All sorts of pants are called Balak. Traditional balak are wide and fastened with rope or band and are made from Alataw fabric. Green and blue are worn by younger people, while darker colors are worn by elders. Nowadays, traditional balak are either used in more rural areas or have ceremonial use and
596:
Men wear white shirts called Koynek with embroided collars and sleeves depending on age. it can be made from different fabrics. Koynek collars can vary by Chak yaka, Gez yaka, Sopy yaka with the Chak yaka being the most common form used nowadays in ceremonies with other forms being rarely used. and
627:
In other parts of
Central Asia, the chakmen is known as chapan, shekpen and other names; it is open in front with straight collar and usually has a band to fasten it in middle. It has more colour varieties than Don nowadays. It can be made of fur, silk or other fabrics. It had been historically
618:
Don are robes made of silk or other types of cloth, most common form is Gyzyl don which is red and made of silk. clothes were traditionally dyed with natural ingredients such as pomegrenate and its peel, walnuts and other herbs. there are also other forms of don made from different fabrics and
496:
The
Turkmen have a long history in Central Asia. However, not many people know their origins because they do not have a written record. They were historically pastoral nomads and shepherds. In fact, Turkmen people were made up of many tribes in the early 9th
894:
832:
874:
854:
2048:
645:
start wearing a white scarf below the Yalyk, and women who get married wear a ring like crown on top of head which traditionally increased its height by every time they gave birth but now only one is used.
636:
women wear long floor-length dress called Koynek with a collar on the chest which can be embroided or not-embroided, in more formal settings Chabyt is worn over the koynek which somewhat resembles
Chinese
562:
language is commonly encountered; however, with recent efforts to revive the ancient culture of
Turkmenistan, Turkmen is quickly regaining its place as the chief language of the state.
597:
most people only wear western style buttoned shirts nowadays. Religious clergy (Akhun) wear fully white shirts with no embroidery and the collars in modern time have become higher.
610:
during daily life and is interchangeably used among
Pajamas and Kurdish pants. Most younger generations (usually teens born in 2000's) wear tight western pants more than balak.
989:
966:
444:
attempts to urbanize the
Turkmens have not been very successful. They never really formed a coherent nation or ethnic group until they were forged into one by
1075:
1157:
301:
1184:
223:
1392:
1218:
844:(door surround), early 19th century. A kapunuk is designed to surround a door frame, providing a decorative entry to a circular Turkmen
448:
in the 1930s. Rather they are divided into clans, and each clan has its own dialect and style of dress. Turkmens are famous for making
384:
1096:
456:" in the West. These are elaborate and colorful hand-knotted carpets, and these too help indicate the distinctions among the various
356:
337:
1997:
2058:
1675:
1552:
1197:
363:
1127:
294:
1722:
1352:
1972:
370:
1516:
1106:
2017:
1438:
1367:
1295:
1177:
1085:
403:
352:
2122:
2117:
1632:
1535:
1428:
1332:
1152:
287:
237:
1637:
1579:
1455:
1372:
102:
1387:
1382:
1357:
1342:
900:
Turkmen man and his son hoist the flag of
Turkmenistan while on horseback at the opening ceremony for the 2008
555:
341:
522:
1362:
1807:
1597:
1547:
1443:
1423:
1170:
255:
203:
54:
1117:
474:
A Turkmen man can be identified anywhere by the traditional "telpek" hats, which are large black or white
2053:
1503:
1448:
606:
they're mostly black and tighter in modern time dance groups. The wearing of Balak is more common among
2012:
1917:
171:
1564:
1521:
1470:
1433:
1347:
1320:
377:
76:
2022:
1739:
1715:
1627:
1465:
1460:
1406:
198:
109:
990:В Туркменистане утверждён порядок предоставления театрам статусов «Академический» и «Национальный»
2127:
1932:
1887:
1668:
1491:
1377:
1205:
491:
330:
44:
1857:
1852:
1747:
1642:
1602:
1569:
250:
176:
1977:
1952:
1867:
1847:
1797:
1767:
1757:
1684:
1622:
1617:
1612:
931:
663:
190:
166:
158:
148:
22:
2063:
1942:
1937:
1817:
1647:
475:
245:
575:
8:
2037:
2007:
1957:
1912:
1892:
1882:
1782:
1708:
1689:
1508:
1418:
1310:
1274:
880:
Turkmen woman's jewelry, silver, gold and cornelian, 20th century. Musée du Quai Branly,
682:
275:
1982:
1897:
1877:
1762:
1752:
1304:
1300:
798:
654:
There are 10 state theaters in
Turkmenistan: 5 in Ashgabat and 5 in regional centers.
141:
768:
763:
2092:
2027:
1962:
1927:
1862:
1842:
1832:
1792:
1777:
1772:
1290:
1123:
1102:
1081:
901:
669:
571:
2068:
1987:
1947:
1922:
1902:
1837:
1812:
1802:
1787:
1574:
1253:
607:
559:
547:
84:
860:
Turkmen woman's jewelry, metal and cornelian, 20th century. Musée du Quai Branly,
1907:
1872:
1827:
1822:
1731:
1607:
1258:
946:
941:
130:
95:
926:
2111:
2086:
1263:
445:
437:
1337:
1193:
921:
739:
464:
721:
2096:
1213:
725:
501:
453:
449:
125:
1162:
570:
Two significant figures in traditional Turkmen literature are the poets
510:
1228:
915:
36:
1048:
1025:
757:
1285:
1002:
743:
1077:
Tradition and Society in Turkmenistan: Gender, Oral Culture and Song
319:
1557:
1243:
1238:
1233:
804:
774:
551:
457:
429:
62:
1700:
1476:
1248:
810:
794:
1153:
Official state web-site dedicated to the culture of Turkmenistan
416:
885:
865:
710:
1223:
881:
861:
731:
638:
468:
433:
1023:
1000:
936:
845:
735:
716:
642:
479:
441:
1046:
788:
467:
but they, like most of the region's nomads, adhere to
344:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1003:"Ancient Merv State Historical and Cultural Park"
773:unexcavated ruins of the 12th-century capital of
2109:
1119:Tribal Nation: The Making of Soviet Turkmenistan
1001:UNESCO World Heritage Centre (26 January 2009).
1139:The Nationalities Question in the Soviet Union
546:Outside the capital, the national language of
1716:
1178:
1024:UNESCO World Heritage Centre (15 July 2005).
295:
424:in a traditional attire, early 20th century.
1723:
1709:
1185:
1171:
302:
288:
1192:
1073:
404:Learn how and when to remove this message
415:
1094:
440:, and even today after the fall of the
2110:
1704:
1166:
1136:
1115:
505:
342:adding citations to reliable sources
313:
1730:
550:is the most widely encountered. In
13:
1158:Turkmenistan Culture-Lonely Planet
1101:. University of Pittsburgh Press.
1067:
631:
14:
2139:
1146:
809:one of the first capitals of the
675:
668:Turkmen music is very similar to
2091:
2082:
2081:
893:
873:
853:
831:
787:
756:
709:
586:
509:
318:
269:
35:
329:needs additional citations for
2049:British Indian Ocean Territory
1122:. Princeton University Press.
1047:UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
1040:
1017:
994:
983:
971:The Metropolitan Museum of Art
959:
1:
1116:Edgar, Adrienne Lynn (2004).
952:
565:
755:
681:Turkmenistan in the list of
7:
1137:Smith, Graham, ed. (1995).
909:
581:
541:
452:, often mistakenly called "
10:
2144:
1098:Learning to Become Turkmen
1095:Clement, Victoria (2018).
1074:Blackwell, Carole (2001).
824:
661:
649:
622:
499:
489:
485:
2077:
2036:
1996:
1738:
1662:
1588:
1543:
1534:
1499:
1490:
1414:
1405:
1328:
1319:
1204:
591:
353:"Culture of Turkmenistan"
1798:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
657:
600:
432:have traditionally been
2123:Culture of Central Asia
2118:Culture of Turkmenistan
2059:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
492:History of Turkmenistan
450:knotted Turkmen carpets
276:Turkmenistan portal
30:Culture of Turkmenistan
967:"Who Are the Turkmen?"
613:
425:
932:Islam in Turkmenistan
664:Music of Turkmenistan
419:
1973:United Arab Emirates
1393:World Heritage Sites
1353:Environmental issues
803:Bagyr neighborhood,
742:, on the historical
683:World Heritage Sites
338:improve this article
224:World Heritage Sites
2000:limited recognition
1419:Central Asian Union
1311:Neutrality Monument
685:
478:hats that resemble
204:Olympic appearances
1517:Telecommunications
1301:Saparmurat Niyazov
680:
521:. You can help by
426:
2105:
2104:
2042:other territories
1698:
1697:
1658:
1657:
1530:
1529:
1486:
1485:
1439:Foreign relations
1401:
1400:
1129:978-0-691-12799-6
902:World Nomad Games
822:
821:
576:Mämmetweli Kemine
572:Magtymguly Pyragy
539:
538:
463:The Turkmens are
414:
413:
406:
388:
312:
311:
2135:
2095:
2085:
2084:
2054:Christmas Island
1740:Sovereign states
1732:Culture of Asia
1725:
1718:
1711:
1702:
1701:
1678:
1671:
1541:
1540:
1512:
1497:
1496:
1429:Democratic Party
1412:
1411:
1326:
1325:
1281:
1280:
1270:
1269:
1254:Greater Khorasan
1219:Bactria–Margiana
1187:
1180:
1173:
1164:
1163:
1142:
1133:
1112:
1091:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1051:. Whc.unesco.org
1044:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1028:. Whc.unesco.org
1021:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1005:. Whc.unesco.org
998:
992:
987:
981:
980:
978:
977:
963:
897:
877:
857:
835:
791:
760:
713:
686:
679:
608:Iranian Turkmens
534:
531:
513:
506:
409:
402:
398:
395:
389:
387:
346:
322:
314:
304:
297:
290:
274:
273:
272:
39:
18:
17:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2132:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2073:
2041:
2032:
2013:Northern Cyprus
1999:
1992:
1734:
1729:
1699:
1694:
1681:
1674:
1667:
1654:
1584:
1580:Public holidays
1526:
1510:
1482:
1456:Law enforcement
1397:
1373:Protected areas
1315:
1278:
1276:
1267:
1265:
1259:Parthian Empire
1200:
1191:
1149:
1141:(2nd ed.).
1130:
1109:
1088:
1070:
1068:Further reading
1065:
1064:
1054:
1052:
1049:"Nisa Fortress"
1045:
1041:
1031:
1029:
1022:
1018:
1008:
1006:
999:
995:
988:
984:
975:
973:
965:
964:
960:
955:
947:Turkmen jewelry
942:Turkmen cuisine
912:
905:
898:
889:
878:
869:
858:
849:
836:
827:
678:
666:
660:
652:
634:
632:Female clothing
625:
616:
603:
594:
589:
584:
568:
544:
535:
529:
526:
519:needs expansion
504:
494:
488:
410:
399:
393:
390:
347:
345:
335:
323:
308:
270:
268:
261:
260:
256:National anthem
241:
240:
229:
228:
219:
218:
209:
208:
194:
193:
182:
181:
162:
161:
136:
135:
121:
120:
90:
89:
80:
79:
68:
67:
58:
57:
12:
11:
5:
2141:
2131:
2130:
2128:Turkic culture
2125:
2120:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2099:
2089:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2045:
2043:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2004:
2002:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1744:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1728:
1727:
1720:
1713:
1705:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1680:
1679:
1672:
1664:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1594:
1592:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1558:Turkmen people
1555:
1544:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1452:
1451:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1358:Extreme points
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1329:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1308:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1272:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1210:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1190:
1189:
1182:
1175:
1167:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1148:
1147:External links
1145:
1144:
1143:
1134:
1128:
1113:
1108:978-0822964636
1107:
1092:
1086:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1039:
1016:
993:
982:
957:
956:
954:
951:
950:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
927:Turkmen carpet
924:
919:
911:
908:
907:
906:
899:
892:
890:
879:
872:
870:
859:
852:
850:
837:
830:
826:
823:
820:
819:
816:
813:
807:
801:
797:Fortresses of
792:
784:
783:
780:
777:
771:
766:
761:
753:
752:
749:
746:
728:
719:
714:
706:
705:
702:
699:
696:
693:
690:
677:
676:Heritage sites
674:
662:Main article:
659:
656:
651:
648:
633:
630:
624:
621:
615:
612:
602:
599:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
567:
564:
543:
540:
537:
536:
516:
514:
490:Main article:
487:
484:
430:Turkmen people
412:
411:
394:September 2020
326:
324:
317:
310:
309:
307:
306:
299:
292:
284:
281:
280:
279:
278:
263:
262:
259:
258:
253:
248:
242:
236:
235:
234:
231:
230:
227:
226:
220:
216:
215:
214:
211:
210:
207:
206:
201:
195:
189:
188:
187:
184:
183:
180:
179:
174:
169:
163:
157:
156:
155:
152:
151:
145:
144:
138:
137:
134:
133:
128:
122:
118:
117:
116:
113:
112:
106:
105:
99:
98:
92:
91:
88:
87:
81:
75:
74:
73:
70:
69:
66:
65:
59:
53:
52:
51:
48:
47:
41:
40:
32:
31:
27:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2140:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2088:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2039:
2035:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2023:South Ossetia
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1995:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1726:
1721:
1719:
1714:
1712:
1707:
1706:
1703:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1673:
1670:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1553:Ethnic groups
1551:
1550:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1273:
1271:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1188:
1183:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1125:
1121:
1120:
1114:
1110:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1093:
1089:
1087:0-7007-1354-9
1083:
1079:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1050:
1043:
1027:
1020:
1004:
997:
991:
986:
972:
968:
962:
958:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
917:
914:
913:
903:
896:
891:
887:
883:
876:
871:
867:
863:
856:
851:
847:
843:
840:
839:Tekke Turkmen
834:
829:
828:
817:
814:
812:
808:
806:
802:
800:
796:
793:
790:
786:
785:
781:
778:
776:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
759:
754:
750:
747:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
727:
723:
720:
718:
715:
712:
708:
707:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
687:
684:
673:
671:
665:
655:
647:
644:
640:
629:
620:
611:
609:
598:
587:Male clothing
579:
577:
573:
563:
561:
557:
553:
549:
533:
530:February 2022
524:
520:
517:This section
515:
512:
508:
507:
503:
498:
493:
483:
481:
477:
472:
470:
466:
465:Sunni Muslims
461:
459:
458:Turkmen clans
455:
451:
447:
446:Joseph Stalin
443:
439:
435:
431:
423:
422:Yomut Turkmen
418:
408:
405:
397:
386:
383:
379:
376:
372:
369:
365:
362:
358:
355: –
354:
350:
349:Find sources:
343:
339:
333:
332:
327:This article
325:
321:
316:
315:
305:
300:
298:
293:
291:
286:
285:
283:
282:
277:
267:
266:
265:
264:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
243:
239:
233:
232:
225:
222:
221:
213:
212:
205:
202:
200:
197:
196:
192:
186:
185:
178:
175:
173:
170:
168:
165:
164:
160:
154:
153:
150:
147:
146:
143:
140:
139:
132:
129:
127:
124:
123:
115:
114:
111:
108:
107:
104:
101:
100:
97:
94:
93:
86:
83:
82:
78:
72:
71:
64:
61:
60:
56:
50:
49:
46:
43:
42:
38:
34:
33:
29:
28:
24:
20:
19:
16:
2038:Dependencies
1968:Turkmenistan
1967:
1933:Saudi Arabia
1598:Architecture
1589:
1548:Demographics
1475:
1444:Human rights
1424:Constitution
1338:Central Asia
1275:Khwarazmian
1194:Turkmenistan
1138:
1118:
1097:
1076:
1053:. Retrieved
1042:
1030:. Retrieved
1026:"Köneürgenç"
1019:
1007:. Retrieved
996:
985:
974:. Retrieved
970:
961:
922:Yomut carpet
841:
838:
740:Central Asia
717:Ancient Merv
667:
653:
635:
626:
617:
604:
595:
569:
545:
527:
523:adding to it
518:
495:
473:
462:
454:Bukhara rugs
427:
421:
400:
391:
381:
374:
367:
360:
348:
336:Please help
331:verification
328:
251:Coat of arms
15:
2097:Asia portal
1998:States with
1918:Philippines
1858:South Korea
1853:North Korea
1748:Afghanistan
1504:Agriculture
1305:Türkmenbaşy
1279:(1077–1231)
1268:(1037–1194)
1214:Yaz culture
1055:25 November
1032:25 November
1009:25 November
726:Mary Region
701:Date added
556:Türkmenbaşy
502:Oghuz Turks
438:equestrians
2112:Categories
1978:Uzbekistan
1953:Tajikistan
1868:Kyrgyzstan
1848:Kazakhstan
1768:Bangladesh
1758:Azerbaijan
1511:(currency)
1466:Parliament
1296:Soviet era
1291:Magtymguly
1229:Massagetae
1080:. Curzon.
976:2024-05-07
953:References
916:Akhal-Teke
769:Köneürgenç
764:Köneürgenç
566:Literature
500:See also:
364:newspapers
172:Television
142:Literature
2064:Hong Kong
2018:Palestine
1943:Sri Lanka
1938:Singapore
1818:Indonesia
1565:Education
1522:Transport
1471:President
1434:Elections
1368:Mountains
1348:Districts
1321:Geography
1286:Silk Road
818:Cultural
811:Parthians
782:Cultural
751:Cultural
744:Silk Road
722:Baýramaly
695:Location
670:Khorasani
476:sheepskin
217:Monuments
103:Festivals
77:Languages
2087:Category
2008:Abkhazia
1958:Thailand
1913:Pakistan
1893:Mongolia
1888:Maldives
1883:Malaysia
1783:Cambodia
1685:Category
1628:Religion
1575:Language
1461:Military
1407:Politics
1388:Wildlife
1277:dynasty
1244:Hyrcania
1239:Khwarezm
1234:Margiana
1198:articles
910:See also
805:Ashgabat
795:Parthian
775:Khwarazm
730:a major
582:Clothing
552:Ashgabat
542:Language
497:century.
199:Football
110:Religion
63:Turkmens
23:a series
21:Part of
1983:Vietnam
1898:Myanmar
1878:Lebanon
1808:Georgia
1763:Bahrain
1753:Armenia
1669:Outline
1633:Symbols
1608:Cuisine
1590:Culture
1536:Society
1492:Economy
1477:Ruhnama
1378:Regions
1333:Borders
1266:Empire
1264:Seljuk
1249:Parthia
1206:History
842:kapunuk
825:Gallery
672:music.
650:Theatre
623:Chakmen
560:Russian
548:Turkmen
486:History
378:scholar
238:Symbols
131:Jewelry
126:Carpets
96:Cuisine
85:Turkmen
45:History
2028:Taiwan
1963:Turkey
1928:Russia
1863:Kuwait
1843:Jordan
1833:Israel
1793:Cyprus
1778:Brunei
1773:Bhutan
1690:Portal
1643:emblem
1638:anthem
1623:Sports
1603:Cinema
1570:Health
1509:Manat
1383:Rivers
1343:Cities
1196:
1126:
1105:
1084:
886:France
866:France
698:Notes
689:Image
592:Koynek
558:, the
434:nomads
380:
373:
366:
359:
351:
177:Cinema
55:People
25:on the
2069:Macau
1988:Yemen
1948:Syria
1923:Qatar
1903:Nepal
1838:Japan
1813:India
1803:Egypt
1788:China
1676:Index
1618:Music
1613:Media
1363:Lakes
1224:Dahae
918:horse
882:Paris
862:Paris
815:2007
779:2005
748:1995
732:oasis
704:Type
692:Name
658:Music
639:Beizi
601:Balak
480:afros
469:Islam
385:JSTOR
371:books
191:Sport
167:Radio
159:Media
149:Music
1908:Oman
1873:Laos
1828:Iraq
1823:Iran
1648:flag
1449:LGBT
1124:ISBN
1103:ISBN
1082:ISBN
1057:2013
1034:2013
1011:2013
937:Merv
846:yurt
799:Nisa
736:city
643:Hajj
574:and
554:and
442:USSR
436:and
428:The
357:news
246:Flag
2040:and
738:in
614:Don
525:.
340:by
119:Art
2114::
969:.
884:,
864:,
724:,
578:.
471:.
460:.
420:A
1724:e
1717:t
1710:v
1307:)
1303:(
1186:e
1179:t
1172:v
1132:.
1111:.
1090:.
1059:.
1036:.
1013:.
979:.
904:.
888:.
868:.
848:.
734:-
532:)
528:(
407:)
401:(
396:)
392:(
382:·
375:·
368:·
361:·
334:.
303:e
296:t
289:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.