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608:—the Index on Censorship, Creative Commons, and the #FREEBASSEL campaign launched Project Sunlight, to uncover more information about Khartabil's condition and location. His mother wrote, "I just want him free, I pray for him to be free and I pray for all his friends who believe and work on Bassel's freedom."
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shelled and stormed the prison, taking control of two buildings. Until early
October Khartabil was still in Adra Prison in the suburbs of Damascus, Syria. By 3 October, military police took him from his cell in Adra with a 'top secret' sealed order from the Military Field Court. He was transferred to
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In
December, he was moved to a military prison to await a military trial. In response, a fasting campaign was launched to raise awareness about Khartabil's deteriorating incarceration situation. On 25 January 2013, reports circulated about the pending trial and fears of his execution. On 15 March the
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for #FREEBASSELDAY. In addition, the
Creative Commons Arab World organized a virtual Arabic Knowledge edit-a-thon to translate and expand pages related to Khartabil and his interests. He was later profiled with the launch of the EFF's Offline project, "sharing the stories of imprisoned technologists
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Locking up Bassel only locks out his personal freedom. By locking up Bassel, his Syrian captors are accidentally locking out themselves from the future...thousands of people that Bassel's work helped, now help him by spreading the message #FREEBASSEL. This is what truly builds Syria and connects it
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His efforts were put on hold when he was imprisoned, and some of his early work was lost. In 2015 his friends and colleagues launched the New
Palmyra Project to bring that dream to life. Since then, many of the most famous structures in Palmyra have been modeled, and some life-size models built of
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Bassel, I am very afraid, I am afraid about the country that is being slaughtered, divided, bleeding, being destroyed.. Ouch Bassel, I am very afraid that our dream is changing from seeing ourselves being the generation freeing their country to the one witnessing its destruction. Ouch Bassel, I am
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to the
Commission (Vice-President/High Representative), stating that "his voluntary work, always non-violent in nature, was greatly valued by Syrians of all backgrounds, and it is strongly suspected that his arrest was part of an effort to restrict access to online communities and discourses and
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After his detention became widely known in early July 2012, a global campaign was launched calling for his immediate release. Notable
Internet companies like Mozilla, Knowledge, Global Voices, EFF and Creative Commons wrote letters to the Syrian government urging his immediate release. Notable
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In 2018, the Bassel
Khartabil Free Culture Fellowship was announced in Khartabil's memory. The fellowship awards $ 50,000 and additional support to individuals developing open culture in their communities. The fellowship was created by Creative Commons, Fabricatorz Foundation,
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Khartabil wrote hundreds of letters while in prison, including some while he was in a high-security military prison, where writing was prohibited. He also produced some paintings and poetry. For a short time, he published some of his writing to an anonymous prison blog and
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and Jon
Phillips receiving the award on his behalf, wherein he paid "respect to all the victims of the struggle for freedom of speech, and, especially for those non-violent youths who refused to carry arms and deserve all the credit for this award."
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that might be used as a soundscape for an immersive, completed digital visualization of ancient
Palmyra. A second iteration of #FREEBASSELDAY involved a Knowledge "edit-a-thon", meetups, the creation of a cookbook in Khartabil's honor, and press
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for 9 months. On 9 December 2012, Khartabil was brought before a military prosecutor who charged him with "spying for an enemy State" under
Articles 272 and 274 of the Syrian Criminal Code. Khartabil was then sent to the Adra Prison in Damascus.
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released a document with information suggesting that Khartabil has been ill-treated and even tortured. On 23 October, the Taiwan chapter of Amnesty International led a letter-writing event at Insomnia Cafe to raise awareness about Khartabil in
290:(CTO) and co-founder of collaborative research company Aiki Lab and was CTO of Al-Aous, a publishing and research institution dedicated to archaeological sciences and arts in Syria. He has served as project lead and public affiliate for
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and 30 other human rights organizations issued a letter demanding that Khartabil's whereabouts be disclosed. On 17 October, Creative Commons Board of Directors approved a resolution calling for Khartabil's release. On 21 October, the
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450:. One week after his arrest, security forces reportedly took him to his home where they confiscated his computers and his files. He was then transferred to the Interrogation Division Branch 248 and detained there
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Starting in 2005, Khartabil began collecting photographs of the ancient architecture and archaeology sites in Palmyra, in the hopes of reconstructing the city online, using 3D models and virtual spaces.
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June 17, 2015, Damascus Central Jail "An attempt to draw a stereotype. This is the stereotype I have in mind for the deformed souls, I have to deal with every day at jail. There are a lot of them."
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In August 2017, Khartabil's wife and friends reported they had seen a copy of official documents confirming he had been executed after his transfer from Adra prison in 2015.
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593:#FREEBASSEL project organized a #FREEBASSELDAY campaign with Creative Commons, Mozilla, and other community leaders, leading to public artworks, meetups, press, and videos.
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On Valentine's Day 2015, Ghazi made public a love letter she wrote to Khartabil, where she reflects on what has taken place in Syria in the time he had been imprisoned:
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was published, stating that "The HR/VP deplores the ongoing imprisonment of Bassel Safadi Khartabil, shares the concerns at his situation and follows it very closely."
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1436:"Answer given by High Representative/Vice-President Ashton on behalf of the Commission on the Question of the Imprisonment of Bassel Safadi Khartabil"
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1191:"Bassel Safadi discusses project involving 3D reconstruction of ancient city of Palmyra at San Francisco Art Institute, live from Syria via Skype"
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June 15, 2015, Damascus Central Jail "What is this dream I see every night? A web? Black lines? A tunnel? Or some memories from my childhood?
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758:, #NEWPALMYRA and other groups. It is aimed at supporting individuals developing free culture, particularly under adverse circumstances.
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to a Palestinian father and a Syrian mother, and was raised in Syria, where he specialized in open source software development. He was
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Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.
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on projects to make Syria's history available to the world. On 9 November, an anthology of essays in Khartabil's honor, entitled
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On 22 May, commemorating Khartabil's 32nd birthday—the second time he spent a birthday in prison as well as the 799th day of the
317:. He "is credited with opening up the Internet in Syria and vastly extending online access and knowledge to the Syrian people."
2701:[Breaking the Silence: Campaign for Jailed Human Rights Activists] (in Spanish). Global Voices Online. 10 December 2014
1912:"Activists launch #FREEBASSEL campaign to bring about release of Syrian web entrepreneur, well-known in technology communities"
1480:"Activists launch #FREEBASSEL campaign to bring about release of Syrian web entrepreneur, well-known in technology communities"
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In 2017, the #FREEBASSEL campaign asked supporters to do five public acts in honor of Khartabil, to be posted on social media.
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Forte, Andrea; Andalibi, Nazanin; Greenstadt, Rachel (2017). "Privacy, Anonymity, and Perceived Risk in Open Collaboration".
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July 10, 2015, Damascus Central Jail. "From time to time I resurrect old black and white dreams from my childhood memories."
478:" and asking for his immediate release. The WGAD concluded that Kharbatil's detention violated Articles 9, 14 and 19 of the
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As of 2017, most of the buildings and statues captured by the New Palmyra Project have been completely destroyed by ISIL.
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3116:"MIT Media Lab reaches out to jailed Syrian activist with research position in Center for Civic Media - Joi Ito's Web"
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project was launched to carry on his 3D modeling work and other creative uses of data about Palmyra. A day later, the
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2006:"Free/open source programmer and Creative Commons activist Bassel Khartabil faces torture in notorious Syrian prison"
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3320:"Global Voices Honors the Life of Open Web Activist Bassel Khartabil, Executed by the Syrian Regime · Global Voices"
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In his last year in prison, he made a series of at least four paintings that he was able to smuggle out to friends.
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On 12 December 2013, a request for written answer on the question of Khartabil's imprisonment was raised before the
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862:"Jail is not walls, not the executioner and guards. It is the hidden fear in our hearts that makes us prisoners."
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stifle free expression in Syria." On 18 March 2014, the written answer from High Representative/Vice-President
3297:"Wikimedia Foundation mourns the loss of Bassel Khartabil, Syrian Wikimedian and global open culture advocate"
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to the global connected future. This award proves that his lock-up, is NOT a lock-out of his digital freedom.
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1533:"Networked publics and the organizing of collective action on Twitter: Examining the #Freebassel campaign"
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754:, organized for an initial period of three years by Mozilla, Wikimedia Foundation, Creative Commons, the
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2349:[Syrian internet activist has been in prison for a year] (in German). Netzpolitik. 15 March 2013
589:. On 26 November, he was named one of the top 100 global thinkers by Foreign Policy for his resistance.
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in Syria, real time visualization, and development with Fabricatorz for the web programming framework
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2583:"Disquiet Junto Project 0108: Free Bassel Create a soundscape for the ancient Syrian city of Palmyra"
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license. Two days afterward, unconfirmed rumors surfaced that Khartabil had been sentenced to death.
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Podcast Interview with Bassel and Jon Phillips on hackerspaces and making culture in the Arab world
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443:, with pro- and anti-government protesters demonstrating in Damascus and elsewhere in the country.
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Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing
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in 2015. Human rights organizations claim that he was detained for his activities in support of
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3021:"Creative Commons Board of Directors approves resolution calling for Bassel Khartabil release"
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On 6 October, Amnesty International released a new report on Khartabil's status. A day later,
2534:"Imprisoned internet pioneer Bassel Khartabil wins Index on Censorship Digital Freedom Award"
1318:"Imprisoned internet pioneer Bassel Khartabil wins Index on Censorship Digital Freedom Award"
913:"Syria: Extrajudicial execution of Bassel Khartabil a grim reminder of Syrian prison horrors"
746:, to support projects in line with his ideas and work throughout his life. On 11 August, the
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2247:"Campaign Launched to Bring Home Loved and Celebrated Internet Volunteer Detained in Syria"
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1414:"Request for Written Answer on the Question of the Imprisonment of Bassel Safadi Khartabil"
1110:"Request for Written Answer on the Question of the Imprisonment of Bassel Safadi Khartabil"
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2993:"Fears for Imprisoned Syrian Blogger Bassel Khartabil, Transferred to an Unknown Location"
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3007:"SYRIA: FURTHER INFORMATION: ACTIVIST MOVED FROM PRISON, RISKS TORTURE: BASSEL KHARTABIL"
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Interview with Bassel about the role of Creative Commons in the Arab world (in Arabic)
3389:"Bassel Khartabil Fellowship Awarded to Dr. Tarek Loubani and Glia to Combat COVID-19"
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3367:"Honoring Our Friend Bassel: Announcing the Bassel Khartabil Free Culture Fellowship"
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1388:"As revolt against Assad enters 2nd year, 'up to 500,000' Syrians may flee crackdown"
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1252:"Stories from the Syrian Revolution: Love in the Time of Revolution is a Revolution"
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A letter supporting him was sent to the European Union Parliament later that year.
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2655:"A Knowledge Edit-a-thon for the Zone 9 Bloggers, A Great Way to Raise Awareness"
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1458:"Netizen Report: U.K. Spied on Human Rights Organizations in Egypt, South Africa"
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His last work included an open, 3D virtual reconstruction of the ancient city of
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Artists and Writers Celebrate the Work of Missing Syrian Developer Bassel Safadi
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Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies
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2699:"Romper el silencio: Campaña por activistas de derechos humanos encarcelados"
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986:"Bassel Khartabil: fears for man who brought open internet to the Arab world"
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2173:"#FastforBassel Campaign Launched for Syrian Netizen Facing Military Trial"
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as #19 for "insisting, against all odds, on a peaceful Syrian revolution."
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projects Palestine Open Maps and MASRAD:platform, an oral history archive
656:, Global Voices led a campaign to raise awareness about his imprisonment.
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942:"UN Calls for the Release of Freedom of Speech Advocate Bassel Khartabil"
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2347:"#freebassel: Syrischer Netzaktivist sitzt seit einem Jahr im Gefängnis"
2127:"Open Source Developer Bassel Khartabil Moved to Syrian Military Prison"
1213:"How a 3D-printed monument is helping an ancient Syrian city rise again"
971:"Syria: Disclose Whereabouts of Detained Freedom of Expression Advocate"
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1961:"Opensource contributor Bassel Khartabil detained in Syria. Needs help"
1582:"Mozilla Foundation and EFF join hunt for Syrian open source developer"
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July 11, 2015, Damascus Central Jail "an uneasy or anxious feeling..."
474:(WGAD) adopted an opinion on Khartabil's case, calling his detention "
3039:"A Jailed Activist's 3-D Models Could Save Syria's History From ISIS"
341:
302:
3245:"Horrific: Reports that Bassel Khartabil Has Been Executed in Syria"
1800:"Please help us Free Bassel, open source developer and CC volunteer"
1754:"Please help us Free Bassel, open source developer and CC volunteer"
1682:"Please help us Free Bassel, open source developer and CC volunteer"
1085:"Threatened Voices | Bloggers | Bassel (Safadi) Khartabil"
569:, Mohamed Nanabhay and Barry Threw wrote public letters of support.
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Khartabil was interrogated and allegedly tortured for five days by
283:
223:
113:
3407:"The first Bassel Khartabil Fellowship Awarded to Majd Al-shihabi"
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Khartabil was arrested a few days before his marriage contract to
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1340:"Bassel Khartabil Wins Index on Censorship Digital Freedom Award"
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At the Index on Censorship Awards, Jon Phillips said of Khartabil
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414:'s Digital Freedom Award. Although still detained at the time in
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2721:"On Human Rights Day, We Remember Jailed Human Rights Defenders"
1296:"The FP Top 100 Global Thinkers: 19 RIMA DALI, BASSEL KHARTABIL"
2892:"#FREEBASSEL5DAYS 5 PUBLIC ACTS PLEDGE ASKED FOR 15 MARCH 2017"
2371:[In Custody for a Year] (in German). Taz. 15 March 2013
2299:"#FreeBassel: One Year Later, Syrian Netizen Remains in Prison"
895:"Bassel Khartabil: Syrian internet freedom activist 'executed'"
817:
432:
3219:"#FreeBassel: Death Sentence Rumored for Syrian Web Developer"
2866:
1608:"Free-software activists hope for detained engineer's freedom"
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Free culture and democracy activist, Syrian political prisoner
1274:"A Love Letter to Jailed Syrian-Palestinian Bassel Khartabil"
1238:"Memorial Fund Grants Launched in Memory of Bassel Khartabil"
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On 15 March 2012, Khartabil was detained amid arrests in the
3090:"MIT Media Lab offers research position to Bassel Khartabil"
2944:"Rebels storm Syria's largest prison near Damascus: monitor"
652:, and Knowledge hosted an editathon for Zone 9 bloggers. On
3167:
378:
A Love Letter to Jailed Syrian-Palestinian Bassel Khartabil
2053:"AMNESTY TAIWAN: SYRIA URGENT ACTION - #FREEBASSEL Letter"
1934:"#FREEBASSEL Lettre de soutien au syrien Bassel Khartabil"
1510:"Open Source Developer Bassel Khartabil Detained in Syria"
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offered Khartabil a position of research scientist at the
418:, Khartabil was able to communicate his gratitude through
3451:
2853:"Taken Offline: Years in Prison for a Love of Technology"
2605:"In Syria, a detained Internet activist remains in limbo"
1936:[Letter of support for Syrian Bassel Khartabil].
3064:
1153:. CSCW '17. New York, NY, USA: ACM. pp. 1800–1811.
1131:
2809:"Meetup/San Francisco/FREEBASSEL DAY 2015 Announcement"
2196:"Fears that Syria may execute jailed software activist"
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in April 2011 after coming back from a demonstration.
1777:"クリエイティブ・コモンズのボランティアでもあるオープンソース開発者、Bassel氏解放への支援呼びかけ"
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wrote about Khartabil and the Zone 9 Bloggers in the
328:. This was later created and displayed in his honor.
2765:"#FreeBassel Day 2015: Knowledge Edit-a-thon at EFF"
480:
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
2920:. The Daily Star. 12 September 2015. Archived from
2884:
2321:"Family of Syria Internet guru appeals for EU help"
2079:"AMNESTY TAIWAN: SYRIA URGENT ACTION - #FREEBASSEL"
1863:"Bassel Safadi at the CC Arab World workshop in..."
472:
United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention
273:
United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention
2918:"11 dead in rebel shelling on Damascus: activists"
2723:. Electronic Frontier Foundation. 10 December 2014
2558:. freebassel.org. 12 December 2013. Archived from
2485:"FREEBASSEL SUNLIGHT: Celebrate Bassel's Birthday"
2129:. Electronic Frontier Foundation. 12 December 2012
2031:"Amnesty Taiwan Syria Urgent Action - FREE BASSEL"
439:. That day marked the one-year anniversary of the
2990:
2850:
2081:. freebassel.org. 19 October 2012. Archived from
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3277:. Electronic Frontier Foundation. 11 August 2017
2867:"Offline: Imprisoned Bloggers and Technologists"
2846:
2844:
3345:"Announcing the Bassel Khartabil Memorial Fund"
2223:. freebassel.org. 18 March 2013. Archived from
2055:. freebassel.org. 27 March 2015. Archived from
1886:"Please Help Free Bassel Khartabil #FREEBASSEL"
1706:. freebassel.org. 29 March 2012. Archived from
1657:. freebassel.org. 30 March 2012. Archived from
936:
934:
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930:
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926:
742:Creative Commons announced the creation of the
3474:Statement by US Secretary of State, John Kerry
2511:"Bassel Khartabil's Second Birthday in Prison"
2436:"Bassel Khartabil's Second Birthday in Prison"
1704:"Re: Call for the release of Bassel Khartabil"
2841:
2787:"This is not a protest! Edit for #FreeBassel"
2556:"The imprisonment of Bassel Safadi Khartabil"
2413:"Today is Bassel's second birthday in prison"
965:
963:
3237:
2743:"Knowledge Edit-a-thon: FreeBassel Day 2015"
1342:. Fabricatorz. 21 March 2013. Archived from
923:
806:
2811:. Freebassel. 15 March 2015. Archived from
2170:
1254:. Free Syrian Translators. 1 September 2013
2984:
2580:
1983:"Call for the Release of Bassel Khartabil"
1531:Wang, Rong; Chu, Kar-Hai (17 April 2017).
960:
887:
639:The Free Bassel website as of January 2017
397:For its 2012 list of Top Global Thinkers,
91:
2974:"WE NEED EVERYBODY'S HELP TO #FREEBASSEL"
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1556:
710:The Cost of Freedom: A Collective Inquiry
674:
263:by the Syrian government in 2012 and was
60:Learn how and when to remove this message
3009:. Amnesty International. 6 October 2015.
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2679:. Global Voices Online. 10 December 2014
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944:. Alkarama. 23 June 2015. Archived from
816:
752:Bassel Khartabil Free Culture Fellowship
712:, was released under a Creative Commons
634:
595:
494:, four of which have been smuggled out.
388:
3317:
3168:"Cost of Freedom: A Collective Inquiry"
2626:MacKinnon, Rebecca (1 September 2014).
2171:Al Hussaini, Amira (17 December 2012).
2150:"Concerns over fate of Syrian prisoner"
1731:"On the fight for liberty: 4 July 2012"
1530:
1416:. European Parliament. 12 December 2013
1031:
739:released statements mourning his loss.
547:
482:(ICCPR), which Syria ratified in 1969.
410:On 21 March 2013 Khartabil was awarded
3481:
3413:from the original on 24 December 2022.
3395:from the original on 24 December 2022.
3142:"Cost of Freedom Book to be released!"
2652:
2630:. World Policy Journal. Archived from
2531:
2433:
2391:"Birthday wishes for Bassel Khartabil"
1958:
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838:structures that were destroyed in the
275:considered his detention to have been
3299:. Wikimedia Foundation. 3 August 2017
2301:. Global Voices Online. 15 March 2013
1883:
1797:
973:. Human Rights Watch. 7 October 2015.
3534:Syrian people of Palestinian descent
3193:"IGF 2015 Flyer on Bassel Khartabil"
3139:
2991:Amira Al Hussaini (3 October 2015).
2581:Weidenbaum, Marc (23 January 2014).
2482:
2148:Randaree, Bilal (20 December 2012).
1820:
1655:"Bassel Khartabil Letter of Support"
1438:. European Parliament. 18 March 2014
1368:. Index on Censorship. 21 March 2013
1112:. European Parliament. 18 March 2014
18:
3211:
3173:. CostofFreedom.cc. 9 November 2015
2946:. 11 September 2015. Archived from
2851:Danny O'Brien (24 September 2015).
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1985:. Creative Commons. 29 October 2012
1774:
1751:
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627:gathered participants to create 38
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240:
13:
3369:. The Mozilla Blog. 11 August 2017
3185:
2415:. Index on Censorship. 22 May 2013
2393:. Index on Censorship. 23 May 2013
2107:. Foreign Policy. 26 November 2012
2004:Doctorow, Cory (31 October 2012).
1298:. Foreign Policy. 26 November 2012
848:
600:Poster of the #FREEBASSEL campaign
14:
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3445:
3347:. Creative Commons. 3 August 2017
3144:. BookSprints.net. Archived from
2789:. Creative Commons. 11 March 2015
1861:Nanabhay, Mohamed (1 July 2012).
1844:"Contributor Imprisoned in Syria"
1320:. Creative Commons. 21 March 2013
1276:. Global Voices. 23 February 2015
1089:threatened.globalvoicesonline.org
490:While Khartabil was in prison he
3519:Prisoners and detainees of Syria
3417:
3399:
3381:
3359:
3337:
3318:Hamadeh, Talal (1 August 2017).
3311:
3289:
3267:
2976:. 3 October 2015. Archived from
2767:. Creative Commons. 5 March 2015
2653:Glaser, April (3 October 2014).
2532:Harmon, Elliot (21 March 2013).
2249:. FreeBassel.org. Archived from
2152:. Electronic Frontier Foundation
2033:. Insomnia Blog. 23 October 2012
1729:Lessig, Lawrence (4 July 2012).
1512:. Electronic Frontier Foundation
984:Corbyn, Zoë (11 December 2015).
821:A digital reconstruction of the
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347:
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23:
3275:"Bassel Khartabil, In Memoriam"
3251:. 1 August 2017. Archived from
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2513:. Creative Commons. 22 May 2013
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1798:Baker, Mitchell (5 July 2012).
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1358:
1332:
1310:
1288:
1266:
1244:
1230:
1205:
1183:
1142:
1124:
1102:
778:Dr. Tarek Loubani and glia.org
426:
235:(22 May 1981 – 3 October 2015;
195:
3539:Syrian prisoners and detainees
3514:People of the Syrian civil war
3197:Electronic Frontier Foundation
2871:Electronic Frontier Foundation
2434:Harmon, Elliot (22 May 2013).
1821:York, Jillian (30 June 2012).
1077:
1052:
1025:
1011:
977:
905:
750:announced the creation of the
744:Bassel Khartabil Memorial Fund
729:Electronic Frontier Foundation
661:Electronic Frontier Foundation
403:named Khartabil together with
294:Syria, and has contributed to
1:
2487:. Fabricatorz. Archived from
2194:Izi, Touria (25 March 2013).
1959:Wijers, Bjorn (3 July 2012).
1888:. Barry Threw. Archived from
1884:Threw, Barry (29 June 2012).
1366:"Winners – Index Awards 2013"
881:
3574:Political prisoners in Syria
2963:, Global Voices. 5 June 2017
2677:"Break the Silence Campaign"
1635:. Global Voices. 4 July 2012
437:Military Security Branch 215
255:), was a Palestinian Syrian
7:
3499:Syrian computer programmers
3199:. eff.org. 12 November 2015
2835:"Bassel (Safadi) Khartabil"
2273:"Free Bassel, Free Culture"
1633:"Bassel (Safadi) Khartabil"
1606:Tam, Donna (11 July 2012).
869:
722:
259:software developer. He was
10:
3590:
3524:Syrian democracy activists
2369:"Seit einem Jahr in Hafts"
1060:"Syria - Creative Commons"
810:
212:2013 Digital Freedom Award
2221:"The FreeBasselDay Event"
2105:"Top 100 Global Thinkers"
1914:. Al Jazeera. 4 July 2012
1775:Ito, Joi (29 June 2012).
1752:Ito, Joi (29 June 2012).
1680:Ito, Joi (29 June 2012).
807:Models of ancient Palmyra
384:
221:
216:
205:
180:
150:
140:
121:
99:
90:
83:
76:
3549:People executed by Syria
3171:(PDF and EPUB downloads)
1963:. YCombinator Hackernews
1940:(in French). 3 July 2012
1549:10.1177/1354856517703974
1064:wiki.creativecommons.org
876:List of Knowledge people
801:
577:wrote about the effort.
435:district of Damascus by
288:chief technology officer
84:
1159:10.1145/2998181.2998273
858:account, via a friend.
668:and technology users."
32:Some of this article's
3564:Executed Syrian people
3249:Jimmy Wales Foundation
2894:. 2017. Archived from
864:
830:
756:Jimmy Wales Foundation
702:Center for Civic Media
679:On 12 September 2015,
675:Transfer and execution
640:
618:
601:
553:individuals including
470:On 21 April 2015, the
394:
393:WPAP Art by Miald Amin
382:
334:Jimmy Wales Foundation
282:Khartabil was born in
261:detained without trial
2607:. CNET. 11 March 2014
1460:. Slate. 24 June 2015
917:Amnesty International
860:
820:
684:an unknown location.
665:Knowledge edit-a-thon
638:
613:
599:
582:Amnesty International
392:
365:
269:freedom of expression
3509:People from Damascus
3467:5 March 2014 at the
2837:. 29 September 2014.
733:Wikimedia Foundation
649:World Policy Journal
548:#FREEBASSEL campaign
3504:Copyright activists
3140:Ruehling, Barbara.
2628:"Joining Zone Nine"
2458:"MoPad: freebassel"
2277:The Huffington Post
2253:on 17 February 2014
2227:on 26 November 2015
1892:on 26 November 2015
1040:on 17 November 2015
813:New Palmyra Project
659:In March 2015, the
460:European Parliament
448:Military Branch 215
412:Index on Censorship
210:Index on Censorship
3554:Mozilla developers
3225:. 13 November 2015
3148:on 8 December 2015
3027:. 17 October 2015.
2980:on 3 October 2015.
2950:on 5 October 2015.
2898:on 14 October 2017
2634:on 6 February 2018
2536:. Creative Commons
2438:. Creative Commons
1848:lizardwrangler.com
1684:. Creative Commons
1580:McAllister, Neil.
1240:. 8 February 2018.
831:
748:Mozilla Foundation
689:Human Rights Watch
641:
602:
395:
3569:Syrian dissidents
3409:. 15 April 2018.
3096:. 22 October 2015
3045:. 21 October 2015
2491:on 5 January 2016
1756:. Lawrence Lessig
1733:. Lawrence Lessig
799:
798:
644:Rebecca MacKinnon
580:In October 2012,
573:, Framablog, and
265:secretly executed
243:), also known as
230:
229:
163:Open Font Library
145:Software engineer
70:
69:
62:
3581:
3559:Creative Commons
3544:Knowledge people
3440:
3439:
3437:
3435:
3425:"meinsyrianjail"
3421:
3415:
3414:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3391:. 2 April 2020.
3385:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3374:
3363:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3352:
3341:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3315:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3293:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3271:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3255:on 2 August 2017
3241:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3215:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3204:
3189:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3172:
3164:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3137:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3086:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3035:
3029:
3028:
3025:Creative Commons
3017:
3011:
3010:
3003:
2997:
2996:
2995:. Global Voices.
2988:
2982:
2981:
2970:
2964:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2929:
2924:on 15 April 2019
2914:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2863:
2857:
2856:
2848:
2839:
2838:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2761:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2739:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2695:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2650:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2601:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2590:
2585:. Disquiet Junto
2578:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2541:
2529:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2464:on 13 March 2014
2460:. Archived from
2454:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2376:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2343:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2200:The Toronto Star
2191:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2123:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1858:
1852:
1851:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1802:. Mitchell Baker
1795:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1603:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1560:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1036:. Archived from
1029:
1023:
1022:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1006:
1004:
981:
975:
974:
967:
958:
957:
955:
953:
938:
921:
920:
919:. 2 August 2017.
909:
903:
902:
901:. 2 August 2017.
891:
840:Syrian Civil War
792:Majd Al-shihabi
770:Fellowship Goal
761:
760:
654:Human Rights Day
539:
527:
515:
503:
486:Prison paintings
465:Catherine Ashton
380:
292:Creative Commons
254:
242:
233:Bassel Khartabil
226:
199:
197:
175:Creative Commons
128:
109:
107:
95:
78:Bassel Khartabil
74:
73:
65:
58:
54:
51:
45:
27:
19:
3589:
3588:
3584:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3529:Syrian bloggers
3479:
3478:
3469:Wayback Machine
3448:
3443:
3433:
3431:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3405:
3404:
3400:
3387:
3386:
3382:
3372:
3370:
3365:
3364:
3360:
3350:
3348:
3343:
3342:
3338:
3328:
3326:
3316:
3312:
3302:
3300:
3295:
3294:
3290:
3280:
3278:
3273:
3272:
3268:
3258:
3256:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3228:
3226:
3217:
3216:
3212:
3202:
3200:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3176:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3165:
3161:
3151:
3149:
3138:
3134:
3124:
3122:
3114:
3113:
3109:
3099:
3097:
3088:
3087:
3083:
3073:
3071:
3063:
3062:
3058:
3048:
3046:
3037:
3036:
3032:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2989:
2985:
2972:
2971:
2967:
2959:
2955:
2942:
2941:
2937:
2927:
2925:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2901:
2899:
2890:
2889:
2885:
2875:
2873:
2865:
2864:
2860:
2849:
2842:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2818:
2816:
2815:on 4 March 2016
2807:
2806:
2802:
2792:
2790:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2770:
2768:
2763:
2762:
2758:
2748:
2746:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2726:
2724:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2704:
2702:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2682:
2680:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2660:
2658:
2651:
2647:
2637:
2635:
2624:
2620:
2610:
2608:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2588:
2586:
2579:
2575:
2565:
2563:
2562:on 4 March 2016
2554:
2553:
2549:
2539:
2537:
2530:
2526:
2516:
2514:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2494:
2492:
2483:Phillips, Jon.
2481:
2477:
2467:
2465:
2456:
2455:
2451:
2441:
2439:
2432:
2428:
2418:
2416:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2396:
2394:
2389:
2388:
2384:
2374:
2372:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2352:
2350:
2345:
2344:
2340:
2330:
2328:
2327:. 15 March 2013
2325:The EU Observer
2319:
2318:
2314:
2304:
2302:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2282:
2280:
2279:. 15 March 2013
2271:
2270:
2266:
2256:
2254:
2245:
2244:
2240:
2230:
2228:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2204:
2202:
2192:
2188:
2178:
2176:
2175:. Global Voices
2169:
2165:
2155:
2153:
2146:
2142:
2132:
2130:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2110:
2108:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2088:
2086:
2085:on 26 June 2015
2077:
2076:
2072:
2062:
2060:
2059:on 2 April 2015
2051:
2050:
2046:
2036:
2034:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2014:
2012:
2002:
1998:
1988:
1986:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1966:
1964:
1957:
1953:
1943:
1941:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1917:
1915:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1895:
1893:
1882:
1878:
1868:
1866:
1859:
1855:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1827:
1825:
1819:
1815:
1805:
1803:
1796:
1792:
1782:
1780:
1773:
1769:
1759:
1757:
1750:
1746:
1736:
1734:
1727:
1723:
1713:
1711:
1710:on 2 April 2015
1702:
1701:
1697:
1687:
1685:
1678:
1674:
1664:
1662:
1661:on 4 March 2016
1653:
1652:
1648:
1638:
1636:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1616:
1614:
1604:
1600:
1590:
1588:
1578:
1574:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1508:(4 July 2012).
1503:
1499:
1489:
1487:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1463:
1461:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1441:
1439:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1419:
1417:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1397:
1395:
1394:. 15 March 2012
1386:
1385:
1381:
1371:
1369:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1349:
1347:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1323:
1321:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1301:
1299:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1279:
1277:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1257:
1255:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1221:
1219:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1196:
1194:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1169:
1147:
1143:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1115:
1113:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1093:
1091:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1068:
1066:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1043:
1041:
1030:
1026:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1002:
1000:
982:
978:
969:
968:
961:
951:
949:
948:on 25 June 2015
940:
939:
924:
911:
910:
906:
893:
892:
888:
884:
872:
851:
849:Writing and art
815:
809:
804:
725:
706:Ethan Zuckerman
677:
625:Marc Weidenbaum
606:Syrian conflict
555:Lawrence Lessig
550:
543:
540:
531:
528:
519:
516:
507:
504:
488:
441:Syrian uprising
429:
387:
381:
372:
350:
201:
198: 2013)
193:
189:
136:
130:
126:
117:
111:
105:
103:
86:
79:
66:
55:
49:
46:
43:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3587:
3577:
3576:
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3566:
3561:
3556:
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3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3477:
3476:
3471:
3459:
3454:
3447:
3446:External links
3444:
3442:
3441:
3429:meinsyrianjail
3416:
3398:
3380:
3358:
3336:
3310:
3288:
3266:
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3210:
3184:
3159:
3132:
3107:
3081:
3069:newpalmyra.org
3056:
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3012:
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1598:
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1543:(3): 393–408.
1523:
1497:
1471:
1449:
1427:
1405:
1379:
1357:
1346:on 10 May 2013
1331:
1309:
1287:
1265:
1243:
1229:
1204:
1182:
1167:
1141:
1136:newpalmyra.org
1123:
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811:Main article:
808:
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776:
772:
771:
768:
765:
724:
721:
681:Jaysh al-Islam
676:
673:
629:musical pieces
587:Taipei, Taiwan
563:Mitchell Baker
549:
546:
545:
544:
541:
534:
532:
529:
522:
520:
517:
510:
508:
505:
498:
492:made paintings
487:
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