41:
186:
that flourished between the 16th and 11th century BC. Its major periods of activity were during the 1st century BC and the 3rd to the 5th centuries AD. Opone was mentioned by an anonymous
208:
also draws you, there is another market-town called Opone, into which the same things are imported as those already mentioned, and in it, the greatest quantity of
729:
656:
600:
470:
443:
719:
201:
554:
521:
268:
passed through the city, exchanging spices, silks, and other goods, before departing south for Azania or north to
724:
573:
646:
511:
192:
433:
620:
635:
An
Archaeological Reconnaissance of the Horn: The British-Somali Expedition 1975, Neville Chittick pg 133
590:
148:
679:
460:
709:
132:
332:
213:
80:
546:
734:
40:
714:
136:
128:
92:
8:
196:. The town is featured in the ancient document's thirteenth entry, which in part states:
386:
652:
596:
550:
539:
517:
466:
439:
616:
592:
The Horn
Engaging the Gulf: Economic Diplomacy and Statecraft in Regional Relations
336:
176:
116:
252:
and elsewhere, as it sat at a strategic location along the coastal route from the
416:
340:
112:
108:
703:
351:
347:
343:
316:
205:
100:
324:
320:
281:
253:
249:
187:
124:
104:
123:
through archaeological remains. It is possible that it corresponds to the
541:
In Search of Myths & Heroes: Exploring Four Epic
Legends of the World
328:
301:
277:
575:
The
Chautauquan: organ of the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle
165:
486:
355:
261:
221:
19:
This article is about the historical city. For the modern city, see
376:
285:
265:
241:
209:
179:
154:
381:
359:
305:
284:'s rim. As early as 50 AD, it was well known as a center for the
257:
161:
96:
88:
58:
371:
245:
233:
229:
183:
297:
293:
289:
273:
269:
237:
225:
157:
120:
54:
20:
622:
The Whole
Genuine and Complete Works of Flavius Josephus ...
510:
Flückiger, Friedrich August; Hanbury, Daniel (2014-03-20).
346:, initiated the British-Somali expedition where he and his
212:
is produced, (the arebo and moto), and a great quantity of
172:
25:
119:. The historic port has been identified with the city of
418:
Economic Life in
Ancient India: A Systematic Survey
644:
538:
220:Opone served as a port of call for merchants from
701:
509:
327:pottery has been recovered from the site by an
164:, came into existence with the collapse of the
99:. It is primarily known for its trade with the
127:as known by the ancient Egyptians during the
435:Dawn of Cthulhu: Strange Realities, Volume 1
516:. Cambridge University Press. p. 136.
458:
204:along a promontory, toward which place the
545:. University of California Press. p.
350:colleagues encountered remains of ancient
680:"Steam Workshop::Gedemo Opone City-State"
459:Shaw, Ian; Jameson, Robert (2008-04-15).
311:
615:
431:
730:Ancient Greek geography of East Africa
702:
588:
578:. Chautauqua Press. 1881. p. 107.
153:Opone, like other city-states such as
438:. Fossil Cove Press. pp. 17–18.
200:And then, after sailing four hundred
595:. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 111.
536:
414:
142:
216:, better than that found elsewhere.
16:Ancient proto-Somali trading center
13:
645:Shaw, Ian; Robert Jameson (2002).
260:. Merchants from as far afield as
14:
746:
530:
503:
479:
415:Buch, Maganlal Amritlal (1924).
288:trade, along with the barter of
256:trading center of Azania to the
39:
672:
638:
629:
609:
280:that spanned the length of the
190:merchant in the 1st century AD
582:
566:
452:
425:
408:
399:
358:, and the location of the old
193:Periplus of the Erythraean Sea
1:
589:Ylönen, Aleksi (2024-01-25).
392:
625:William Durell. p. 687.
491:Ancient History Encyclopedia
36:
7:
720:Maritime history of Somalia
648:A Dictionary of Archaeology
462:A Dictionary of Archaeology
365:
149:Maritime history of Somalia
10:
751:
405:Periplus of Erythraean Sea
146:
84:
18:
465:. John Wiley & Sons.
171:Pottery found in Oponean
70:1st millennium BC–500 AD
37:
28:
432:Valdron, D. G. (2017).
95:located in present-day
725:University of Michigan
651:. Wiley. p. 264.
537:Wood, Michael (2005).
333:University of Michigan
312:Archaeological remains
218:
198:
115:, and the states of
66:City-state existed:
684:steamcommunity.com
387:History of Somalia
658:978-0-631-23583-5
617:Josephus, Flavius
602:978-0-7556-3515-3
472:978-0-470-75196-1
445:978-0-9879061-5-1
175:date back to the
143:History and trade
101:Ancient Egyptians
87:) was an ancient
74:
73:
742:
694:
693:
691:
690:
676:
670:
669:
667:
665:
642:
636:
633:
627:
626:
613:
607:
606:
586:
580:
579:
570:
564:
563:
544:
534:
528:
527:
507:
501:
500:
498:
497:
483:
477:
476:
456:
450:
449:
429:
423:
422:
412:
406:
403:
337:Neville Chittick
335:. In the 1970s,
317:Ancient Egyptian
86:
43:
26:
750:
749:
745:
744:
743:
741:
740:
739:
710:Ancient Somalia
700:
699:
698:
697:
688:
686:
678:
677:
673:
663:
661:
659:
643:
639:
634:
630:
614:
610:
603:
587:
583:
572:
571:
567:
557:
535:
531:
524:
513:Pharmacographia
508:
504:
495:
493:
485:
484:
480:
473:
457:
453:
446:
430:
426:
413:
409:
404:
400:
395:
368:
314:
151:
145:
44:
30:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
748:
738:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
696:
695:
671:
657:
637:
628:
608:
601:
581:
565:
555:
529:
522:
502:
478:
471:
451:
444:
424:
421:. p. 249.
407:
397:
396:
394:
391:
390:
389:
384:
379:
374:
367:
364:
354:, houses with
352:drystone walls
331:team from the
329:archaeological
313:
310:
144:
141:
85:Ὀπώνη ἐμπόριον
72:
71:
68:
62:
61:
52:
46:
45:
38:
35:
34:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
747:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
707:
705:
685:
681:
675:
660:
654:
650:
649:
641:
632:
624:
623:
618:
612:
604:
598:
594:
593:
585:
577:
576:
569:
562:
558:
556:9780520247246
552:
548:
543:
542:
533:
525:
523:9781108069304
519:
515:
514:
506:
492:
488:
482:
474:
468:
464:
463:
455:
447:
441:
437:
436:
428:
420:
419:
411:
402:
398:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
369:
363:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
344:archaeologist
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
309:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
217:
215:
214:tortoiseshell
211:
207:
203:
197:
195:
194:
189:
185:
181:
178:
174:
169:
167:
163:
159:
156:
150:
140:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
117:ancient India
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
82:
81:Ancient Greek
78:
69:
67:
64:
63:
60:
56:
53:
51:
48:
47:
42:
33:
27:
22:
735:Land of Punt
687:. Retrieved
683:
674:
664:25 September
662:. Retrieved
647:
640:
631:
621:
611:
591:
584:
574:
568:
560:
540:
532:
512:
505:
494:. Retrieved
490:
481:
461:
454:
434:
427:
417:
410:
401:
325:Persian Gulf
315:
302:animal skins
282:Indian Ocean
278:trade routes
250:Roman Empire
219:
199:
191:
170:
152:
125:Land of Punt
76:
75:
65:
49:
31:
715:City-states
561:opone punt.
137:New Kingdom
704:Categories
689:2020-05-25
496:2017-11-27
393:References
356:courtyards
292:and other
147:See also:
300:, exotic
262:Indonesia
222:Phoenicia
177:Mycenaean
168:kingdom.
166:Macrobian
619:(1794).
377:Sarapion
366:See also
286:cinnamon
266:Malaysia
242:Nabataea
210:cinnamon
155:Avalites
113:Persians
93:emporium
50:Location
382:Qandala
360:harbour
341:British
306:incense
276:on the
258:Red Sea
206:current
180:Kingdom
162:Mosylon
97:Somalia
89:seaport
59:Somalia
29:Ancient
655:
599:
553:
520:
487:"Punt"
469:
442:
372:Essina
348:Somali
294:spices
290:cloves
254:Mochan
248:, the
246:Azania
234:Persia
230:Greece
202:stadia
184:Greece
160:, and
135:, and
133:Middle
109:Greeks
105:Romans
321:Roman
298:ivory
274:Egypt
270:Yemen
238:Yemen
226:Egypt
188:Greek
173:tombs
158:Malao
121:Hafun
77:Opone
55:Hafun
32:Opone
21:Hafun
666:2010
653:ISBN
597:ISBN
551:ISBN
518:ISBN
467:ISBN
440:ISBN
339:, a
323:and
304:and
264:and
91:and
547:155
272:or
182:of
129:Old
706::
682:.
559:.
549:.
489:.
362:.
319:,
308:.
296:,
244:,
240:,
236:,
232:,
228:,
224:,
139:.
131:,
111:,
107:,
103:,
83::
57:,
692:.
668:.
605:.
526:.
499:.
475:.
448:.
79:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
