506:
1.3 million acres (5,300 km) from large estate holders for subdivision and closer settlement by small farmers. In South Island, the 84,000 acre
Cheviot estate was broken up. In eleven years, 176 South Island pastoral estates were broken up; totalling 940,000 acres (3,800 km) and divided into 3,500 farm. The main method used to persuade pastoralists to sell was taxation of large land holdings. Coupled with this, many of the early pioneer estate owners were dying and the estates were being divided amongst their often large families. Equal partibility was the norm amongst families of Irish and middle-class English backgrounds.
519:
2666:
565:, a united organisation to challenge the Liberals. At the same time, the first noteworthy labour-orientated parties were appearing, saying that the Liberals were no longer able to provide the reforms that workers needed. The Liberal Party found itself torn between its two primary constituencies, unable to satisfy both. This coincided with a gradual decline in the organisational standards of the Liberal Party, with the situation having reached the point where in some cases, multiple "Liberal" candidates were contesting the same electoral race.
335:. Ballance and his allies, recognising the benefit that they had gained from their unity, set about building a permanent organisation. The Liberal Party, with common policies and a well-defined leadership, was proclaimed. A national party organisation (called the Liberal Federation) was established, with supporters of the new party encouraged to become members and help organise party activities – this was a new development in New Zealand, as previously, parliamentary factions existed only as loose groupings of politicians, not as
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this point in time. New
Zealand never had an aristocracy but it did have wealthy landowners who largely controlled politics prior to 1891. The Liberal Party set out to change that by a policy it called "populism." Seddon had proclaimed the goal as early as 1884: "It is the rich and the poor; it is the wealthy and the landowners against the middle and labouring classes. That, Sir, shows the real political position of New Zealand."
2588:
431:. Ballance had been a strong supporter of the suffrage movement, having proclaimed his belief in the "absolute equality of the sexes", but Seddon was opposed. Considerable bitterness arose over the matter, with Stout and his allies strongly promoting suffrage despite Seddon's hostility. In the end, the pro-suffrage MPs were able to get enough support to pass the measure despite their leader actively campaigning against it.
419:. Although Seddon went on to become New Zealand's longest serving Prime Minister, he was not as highly regarded by the Liberal Party as he was by the general public. In particular, Seddon's social views were more conservative than those of Ballance or Stout, and he was seen by many as having a controlling and autocratic style of management. Seddon had originally assumed the leadership on an interim basis, with a full
393:, a Liberal Party politician and theorist, said that while the party supported an active role for the state, particularly in social matters, it did not in any way seek to discourage or inhibit private enterprise. Many historians have claimed that the Liberal Party's policies were based more on pragmatism than on ideology, although politicians such as Ballance and Reeves definitely had theories behind their actions.
402:
439:. Reeve's efforts to introduce further union-friendly regulation created friction with Seddon, who disagreed with Reeves's intellectual view of political matters and was nervous about public toleration of the Liberals' pace of reforms. In 1895, Reeves resigned from his cabinet portfolio and became New Zealand's Agent-General (later High Commissioner) in the United Kingdom.
546:), did not have the same charismatic flair. Increasingly, the Liberals found themselves losing support on two fronts – farmers, having obtained their goal of land reform, were gradually drifting to the conservative opposition, and workers, having become dissatisfied at the slowed pace of reform, were beginning to talk of an independent labour party.
484:
In 1899, the
Liberal and Labour Federation was formed to select candidates approved by the party leadership and ensure that they promoted a consistent and approved set of policies. Candidate selection was ultimately determined by Seddon. The Federation was New Zealand's first national party political
423:
vote intended for a later date, but no such vote was ever held. Stout and his liberal colleagues challenged this, but were unsuccessful – although many in the party were uneasy about Seddon's views, Seddon himself was charismatic, and it was correctly predicted that he would win considerable support
510:
the best farming methods. The
Liberals proclaimed success in forging an egalitarian, anti-monopoly land policy. The policy built up support for the Liberal Party in rural North Island electorates. By 1903, the Liberals were so dominant that there was no longer an organised opposition in Parliament.
509:
The success of the small farm enterprises went hand-in-hand with the rapid development of dairy farming, underpinned by the invention of refrigerated shipping in 1882. The
Advances to Settlers Act of 1894 provided low-interest mortgages, while the Agriculture Department disseminated information on
501:
during their dominant period from 1891 to 1912. They believed a truly democratic society had to rest on the foundations of an independent land-owning class of small farmers, as opposed to large farms with hired help, or urban factories. The landed gentry and aristocracy ruled the United
Kingdom at
272:
Prior to the establishment of the
Liberal Party, MPs were all independent, although often grouped themselves into loose factions. Some of these factions were occasionally referred to as "parties", but were vague and ill-defined. In the history of Parliament, factions were formed around a number of
549:
The
Liberals were aware of the problem facing them, and attempted to counter it. As early as 1899, Seddon had founded the "Liberal and Labour Federation", an attempt to relaunch Ballance's old Liberal Federation with more support from workers. Later, Joseph Ward declared a "holiday" from socially
505:
The
Liberal strategy was to create a large class of small land-owning farmers who supported Liberal ideals. To obtain land for farmers the Liberal government, over a twenty-year period from 1891 to 1911 purchased 3.1 million acres (13,000 km) of Maori land. The government also purchased
613:
in 1916 deprived the
Liberals of many votes from working-class areas, while the business world, concerned at Labour's rise, was uniting behind Reform's "anti-socialism" platform. The Liberal Party was accused by Labour of being a party of the elite, and by Reform of having socialist sympathies –
364:
most of the available land. Both groups saw themselves as being mistreated and oppressed by what had been described as New Zealand's "early colonial gentry" – the well-educated and aristocratic land-owners and commercial magnates. It was this group that most strongly opposed the Liberal Party,
368:
In power, the Liberals enacted a large number of social, health, and economic reforms. This was made possible by their unity – previously, reforms had stalled due to the need for long and complex negotiations to win support from individual MPs. Among the changes introduced were
434:
In other matters, however, Seddon was more closely aligned with Ballance's original vision. Many of the party's earlier reforms were strengthened. William Pember Reeves, now the party's foremost theorist, promoted a number of other similar reforms including the world's first
641:. To the considerable surprise of most observers, including many members of the party itself, United won a considerable victory, and formed a government in 1928. Later, United would reluctantly merge with Reform to counter the Labour Party. The result of this merger, the
526:
Slowly, however, the Liberal Party's dominance began to erode. The "reforming fires" of the party, the basis of their original success, were dying, and there was little innovation in the field of policy. In 1896, a splinter group formed the
273:
different views – at one time, centralism and provincialism were the basis of factions, while at another time, factions were based on geographical region. Towards the 1880s, however, factions had gradually become stabilised along lines of
588:
did not stand in this leadership ballot on 22 March). In July 1912, coupled with the defection of some Liberal MPs like Millar; this arrangement collapsed, and twenty-one years of Liberal Party government came to an end.
5902:
239:, keeping in mind the constraints imposed by democratic public opinion. To deal with the issue of land distribution, they worked out innovative solutions to access, tenure, and a graduated tax on unimproved values.
554:(second ballot), hoping to reduce the chances of labour-aligned candidates from splitting the non-conservative vote, but this only applied in the 1908 and 1911 general elections, and the rule was repealed in 1913.
347:
The Liberal Party drew its support from two basic sources – the cities, and small farmers. In the cities, the Liberals were supported particularly strongly by workers and labourers, but also by the more socially
1858:
224:. It was innovating in the areas of maximum hour regulations and compulsory arbitration procedures. Under the Liberal administration the country also became the first to implement a
4534:
637:
Gradually, the Liberal Party's organisation decayed to the point of collapse. In 1927, a faction of the Liberal Party formed a new organisation, which was eventually named the
597:
The Liberals adopted a number of new policies in an attempt to win back votes, including an increase in land tax (supported by the labour movement) and the introduction of
5460:
572:, the Liberal Party won four fewer seats than the Reform Party, but managed to remain in power with the support of some labour-aligned MPs and independents. In 1912, Sir
4422:
5455:
626:
in 1925 – failed to revive the party's fortunes. In June 1926, the Liberals were overtaken as the second-largest party and official opposition by Labour who won the
19:
This article is about the original New Zealand Liberal Party. At least three subsequent organisations, unconnected to the original, have used the same name: the
5414:
645:, remains prominent in New Zealand politics. Both the National and the Labour Parties, the two main powers since 1936, claim to be the Liberal's successors.
232:. The goal was to encourage unions but discourage strikes and class conflict. The impact was especially strong on the reform movement in the United States.
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It is widely argued that the New Zealand Liberal Party in 1891 lacked a clearcut ideology to guide them. Instead they approached the nation's problems
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on land and income, and legislation to improve the working conditions of urban labourers. Many of the Liberal Party's policies were described as "
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193:. The Liberal strategy was to create a large class of small land-owning farmers who supported Liberal ideals, by buying large tracts of
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6423:
5288:
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615:
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between the two, many predicted that the Liberals would continue to decline. Several leadership changes – back to Ward in mid-1912, to
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772:
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157:
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Gordon Anderson and Michael Quinlan, "The Changing Role of the State: Regulating Work in Australia and New Zealand 1788–2007,"
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1992:
1853:
1801:
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451:
411:
In 1893, John Ballance died unexpectedly, leaving the Liberal Party's leadership open. It is believed that Ballance wished
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217:. The Liberal Party became extremely successful, winning seven consecutive elections and the popular vote in each.
28:
24:
20:
323:, Ballance began to organise the liberal-aligned opposition into a more united movement, and was officially named
288:. Ballance, an MP, had served in a number of liberal-orientated governments, and had held office in posts such as
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to push for more "progressive" policies, but this group was defunct by the time of the 1908 NZ general election.
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land and selling it to small farmers on credit. The Liberal Government also established the basis of the later
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1980:
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progressive legislation, halting any changes that might drive away conservatives. The party also introduced
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1970:
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908:
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528:
1437:
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6056:
5501:
5496:
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5074:
4971:
4891:
4866:
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4290:
3746:"Voter Behaviour and the Decline of the Liberals in Britain and New Zealand, 1911-29: Some Comparisons"
3323:
3259:
2022:
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642:
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251:
220:
New Zealand gained international attention for the Liberal reforms, especially how the state regulated
87:
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609:' Proportional Representation And Effective Voting Bill 1911 (86–1). However, the foundation of the
415:, a colleague known for his liberal views, to succeed him, but in the end, the leadership passed to
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Out of office after 1912, the Liberals gradually found themselves pressed between the conservative
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817:
693:
443:
152:
4001:
Progressivism and the World of Reform: New Zealand and the Origins of the American Welfare State
1304:
250:. The Liberals fragmented in the 1920s, and the remnant of the Liberal Party—later known as the
6849:
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5054:
4285:
Tom Brooking, "'Busting Up' the Greatest Estate of All: Liberal Maori Land Policy, 1891–1911,"
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2017:
2012:
1987:
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Seddon also introduced a number of new welfare and pension measures, sometimes compared to the
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3870:"Populism, Heresthetics and Political Stability: Richard Seddon and the Art of Majority Rule"
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703:
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478:
473:. Seddon was extremely popular with common New Zealanders, and under his particular brand of
466:
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3313:
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2007:
1997:
1975:
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760:
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750:
688:
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4012:
Peter J. Coleman, "New Zealand Liberalism and the Origins of the American Welfare State,"
1204:
673:
531:, to advocate more "advanced" policies than Seddon's. In 1905, a similar group formed the
8:
5001:
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1314:
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members of the middle class. In the countryside, the Liberals won support from those
99:
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300:. He had a well-established reputation as a liberal, and was known for supporting
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denouncing its policies as an attempt by the unsuccessful to rob the prosperous.
336:
331:, Ballance led his liberal faction to victory, and early in the new year, became
186:
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777:
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316:
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1319:
489:, including: subscribing members, a central council and an annual conference.
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740:
606:
470:
454:
349:
285:
209:, which was accepted by both employers and trade unions. In 1893 it extended
198:
103:
51:
5185:
4028:
Peter J. Coleman, "The New Zealand Welfare State: Origins and Reflections,"
3841:
427:
An early clash between the Liberal Party's two wings came over the issue of
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The New Dominion. A Social and Political History of New Zealand, 1918–1939
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370:
301:
123:
107:
2754:
2291:
381:" by both its opponents and sympathetic international observers such as
7034:
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5797:
4901:
4423:"Parliamentary Voting Systems in New Zealand and the Referendum on MMP"
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4254:
The Canoes of Kupe. R. McIntyre. Fraser Books. Masterton. 2012. p162.
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4445:"Proportional Representation And Effective Voting Bill 1911 (86–1)"
2992:
2587:
2215:
2188:
2092:
1883:
1134:
977:
474:
361:
119:
4295:
4194:
4170:
4158:
4122:
2808:
6627:
4331:
4035:
3167:
1324:
930:
864:
4241:
The Politics of Equality: New Zealand's Adventures in Democracy
3115:
994:
420:
353:
254:—eventually merged with Reform in 1936 to establish the modern
4319:
4226:
Adventures in Democracy: A History of the Vote in New Zealand
3125:
284:
The key figure in the establishment of the Liberal Party was
281:, although the line between the two was by no means certain.
213:, making New Zealand the first country in the world to enact
4542:
4098:
3794:
The First 50 Years: A History of New Zealand National Party
461:. These measures eventually formed the basis on which the
4086:
4498:
4403:
4367:
389:, but there is debate over whether this label is valid.
4379:
4355:
4307:
4206:
4182:
4146:
4110:
3818:
The New Zealand Liberals: The Years of Power, 1891–1912
485:
organisation, and had most of the features of a modern
4062:
4050:
4485:
Ministry for Culture and Heritage / Te Manatū Taonga
3976:"A brief history of the minimum wage in New Zealand"
542:, his replacement (after a period of stewardship by
4391:
4074:
3920:(Fifth revised ed.). Auckland: Penguin Books.
3726:"The "Working Class" and the Liberal Party in 1890"
1623:
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party
4274:Paradise Reforged: A history of the New Zealanders
3815:
356:who lacked the ability to compete with the large
7282:
4349:
4325:
4301:
4200:
4176:
4164:
4140:
4128:
4044:
3915:
3743:
3744:Fairburn, Miles; Haslett, Stephen (May 2005).
3689:Three Party Politics in New Zealand, 1911–1931
477:, the Liberal Party established itself as the
5553:
5215:
5201:
4528:
4237:
3717:King Dick: A Biography of Richard John Seddon
3360:
2316:
1648:International Alliance of Libertarian Parties
1618:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe
557:In 1909, the conservative opposition (led by
144:"We legislate no class, but for all classes."
5567:
3853:(First ed.). Auckland: Penguin Books.
5560:
5546:
5224:
5208:
5194:
4535:
4521:
3367:
3353:
2323:
2309:
4504:
3918:A History of New Zealand: Revised Edition
3916:Sinclair, Keith; Dalziel, Raewyn (2000).
3791:
1653:International Federation of Liberal Youth
207:a system for settling industrial disputes
7321:Political parties disestablished in 1927
7311:Defunct political parties in New Zealand
4544:Defunct political parties of New Zealand
3723:
648:
517:
497:The Liberal Party aggressively promoted
400:
4449:New Zealand Legal Information Institute
4385:
3686:
1633:Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats
522:1910 calendar showing Liberal Party MPs
7283:
3714:
3705:
437:compulsory system of state arbitration
7326:Political parties established in 1891
7296:1927 disestablishments in New Zealand
7006:
6607:
6028:
5581:
5541:
5189:
4830:Unregistered and pre-1996 era parties
4554:era registered parties (1996–present)
4516:
4409:
4373:
4337:
4092:
3867:
3810:
3796:. Auckland: Reed Methuen Publishers.
3710:. Wellington: A. H. & A. W. Reed.
3691:. Auckland: Historical Publications.
261:
6029:
5160:Workers' Party of New Zealand (1991)
4397:
4361:
4313:
4212:
4188:
4152:
4116:
4104:
4080:
4068:
4056:
3874:British Journal of Political Science
3848:
3719:. Christchurch: Whitcombe and Tombs.
2779:
7247:Independent Political Labour League
4912:Independent Political Labour League
3675:Independent Political Labour League
3043:Workers' right to access the toilet
1673:Liberal South East European Network
13:
7301:Defunct agrarian political parties
7291:1891 establishments in New Zealand
5027:No Commercial Airport at Whenuapai
4468:
3949:"Rīpera - te Aka Māori Dictionary"
3851:The Penguin History of New Zealand
513:
14:
7337:
7306:Defunct liberal political parties
4922:Kiwis Against Further Immigration
1663:Liberal Network for Latin America
1096:(contributions to liberal theory)
576:stepped down and was replaced by
315:During the last term in power of
268:Liberal Government of New Zealand
16:Major New Zealand political party
7100:Foreshore and seabed controversy
6608:
4228:, Otago University Press, p.103.
2938:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
2807:
2753:
2700:
2664:
2624:
2586:
2548:
2510:
2469:
2414:
2290:
2278:
672:
7252:New Zealand Labour Party (1910)
4480:An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand
4462:
4437:
4415:
4279:
4266:
4257:
4248:
4231:
4218:
3660:New Liberal Party (New Zealand)
5582:
4651:Family Rights Protection Party
4287:New Zealand Journal of History
4022:
4006:
3993:
3968:
3955:
3941:
3733:New Zealand Journal of History
3724:Campbell, Christopher (1975).
2988:Occupational safety and health
2983:Occupational safety and health
1037:Separation of church and state
492:
337:structured party organizations
1:
5235:Prime Minister of New Zealand
4907:Imperial British Conservative
3965:(2008), Issue 95, pp 111–132.
3680:
3111:Chronological list of strikes
592:
342:
191:governed from 1891 until 1912
4821:Workers Party of New Zealand
4340:, pp. 308–312, 335–340.
396:
230:give women the right to vote
41:Liberal Party of New Zealand
7:
7242:New Zealand Socialist Party
7007:
4352:, p. 216-220, 208-212.
4350:Sinclair & Dalziel 2000
4326:Sinclair & Dalziel 2000
4302:Sinclair & Dalziel 2000
4201:Sinclair & Dalziel 2000
4177:Sinclair & Dalziel 2000
4165:Sinclair & Dalziel 2000
4143:, p. 182-183, 194-196.
4141:Sinclair & Dalziel 2000
4129:Sinclair & Dalziel 2000
4045:Sinclair & Dalziel 2000
4014:Journal of American History
3665:Radical Party (New Zealand)
3648:
599:proportional representation
71:; 96 years ago
10:
7342:
7018:History and related topics
6362:Rob Salmond (2020–present)
4263:The Canoes of Kupe. p 163.
3868:Nagel, Jack (April 1993).
298:Minister of Native Affairs
265:
185:) was the first organised
18:
7316:New Zealand Liberal Party
7237:New Zealand Liberal Party
7229:
7162:
7114:
7017:
7013:
7002:
6948:
6618:
6614:
6603:
6370:
6277:
6039:
6035:
6024:
5880:
5744:
5592:
5588:
5577:
5484:
5423:
5397:
5326:
5223:
5217:New Zealand Liberal Party
4877:Democratic Progress Party
4829:
4791:Superannuitants and Youth
4776:Residents Action Movement
4746:New Zealand Pacific Party
4550:
4032:(1981), Issue 2, pp 43–61
3886:10.1017/S0007123400009716
3824:Auckland University Press
3792:Gustafson, Barry (1986).
3762:10.1080/03071020500082868
3687:Bassett, Michael (1982).
3655:Liberalism in New Zealand
3561:
3418:
3074:International comparisons
3008:Right to rest and leisure
2948:Employment discrimination
2773:
2735:
2733:
2720:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2699:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2646:
2644:
2423:
2420:
2413:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2398:
2392:
2383:
2260:Sexually liberal feminism
2167:Bias in American academia
1638:European Democratic Party
1094:List of liberal theorists
481:of New Zealand politics.
175:New Zealand Liberal Party
148:
140:
129:
113:
93:
83:
65:
57:
47:
38:
7030:Labour Unity Conferences
6359:Andre Anderson (2018–20)
6326:Allan McDonald (1948–71)
5570:New Zealand Labour Party
4425:. New Zealand Parliament
4224:Atkinson, Neill (2003),
4016:(1982) 69#2 pp. 372–391
3935:
2859:Social movement unionism
2376:Leader of the Opposition
919:Labor theory of property
325:Leader of the Opposition
215:universal adult suffrage
7262:Social Democratic Party
6418:Arthur Shapton Richards
5492:Young New Zealand Party
4917:Join Australia Movement
4107:, p. 239, 260-261.
3670:Young New Zealand Party
3396:Government/opposition?
3069:Trade union federations
3064:Trade unions by country
1628:Arab Liberal Federation
818:Consent of the governed
153:Politics of New Zealand
115:Political position
6850:Cushla Tangaere-Manuel
6811:Priyanca Radhakrishnan
4631:Direct Democracy Party
4244:. U. of Chicago Press.
4238:Leslie Lipson (1948).
3849:King, Michael (2003).
2968:Freedom of association
2839:Exploitation of labour
1643:European Liberal Youth
1613:Africa Liberal Network
838:Economic globalization
538:In 1906, Seddon died.
523:
408:
211:voting rights to women
182:
7065:Fish and Chip Brigade
6966:Princes Street Labour
6949:Related organisations
6344:Chris Flatt (2008–12)
6338:Rob Allen (1995–2000)
6291:Michael Joseph Savage
5762:Michael Joseph Savage
5623:Michael Joseph Savage
5600:Names in bold served
4676:Independent Coalition
4289:(1992) 26#1 pp 78–98
3715:Burdon, R.M. (1955).
3706:Burdon, R.M. (1965).
2953:Employment protection
2933:Collective bargaining
2285:Liberalism portal
2157:Anti-authoritarianism
1658:Liberal International
649:Parliamentary leaders
570:1911 general election
521:
467:Michael Joseph Savage
404:
391:William Pember Reeves
327:in July 1889. In the
29:Liberal Party of 2008
25:Liberal Party of 1991
21:Liberal Party of 1962
7055:Citizens for Rowling
6901:Christchurch Central
6838:Lemauga Lydia Sosene
6341:Mike Smith (2001–08)
6335:Tony Timms (1985–95)
5881:Leadership elections
5424:Leadership elections
4706:McGillicuddy Serious
4095:, pp. 83–85, 9.
3314:Industrial relations
3303:Academic disciplines
2899:National-syndicalism
2869:Democratic socialism
1089:Age of Enlightenment
1042:Separation of powers
469:built the modern NZ
7257:United Labour Party
7230:Predecessor parties
6961:The People's Choice
6278:General secretaries
4842:Christian Democrats
4621:Conservative (1996)
4606:Christian Coalition
4591:Asia Pacific United
4412:, pp. 329–354.
4376:, pp. 321–322.
2894:Anarcho-syndicalism
2297:Politics portal
1000:Civil and political
973:Popular sovereignty
833:Economic liberalism
294:Minister of Defence
189:in New Zealand. It
7115:Labour governments
6637:List of former MPs
6225:Michael Hirschfeld
5260:William Hall-Jones
5080:Reform New Zealand
4982:National Socialist
4977:National Democrats
4957:Liberal Federation
4766:Progressive Greens
4741:Outdoor Recreation
4616:The Civilian Party
4611:Christian Heritage
4364:, p. 279-280.
4316:, p. 278-280.
4304:, p. 208-216.
4215:, p. 268-269.
4203:, p. 190-191.
4191:, p. 265-267.
4179:, p. 192-193.
4167:, p. 184-185.
4155:, p. 262-265.
4131:, p. 187-195.
4119:, p. 261-281.
4071:, p. 261-262.
4059:, p. 259-261.
4047:, p. 169-176.
3999:Peter J. Coleman,
3003:Professional abuse
2763:18 September 1928
2631:11 September 1913
2506:William Hall-Jones
2378:†: Died in office
968:Permissive society
948:Limited government
584:by 22 votes to 9 (
561:) established the
544:William Hall-Jones
524:
409:
262:Liberal Government
7278:
7277:
7274:
7273:
7270:
7269:
7075:Māori loan affair
6998:
6997:
6994:
6993:
6806:Willow-Jean Prime
6723:Christchurch East
6632:
6599:
6598:
6595:
6594:
6508:David Benson-Pope
6424:Robert Macfarlane
6020:
6019:
6016:
6015:
5603:
5602:as prime minister
5535:
5534:
5507:New Liberal Party
5289:William MacDonald
5236:
5183:
5182:
5175:Young New Zealand
5042:People's Movement
5017:New Zealand Party
5007:New Liberal Party
4872:Democratic Labour
4837:Aotearoa NZ Youth
4571:Advance NZ (1995)
3646:
3645:
3377:
3376:
3334:Post-work society
3163:Solidarity action
2973:Legal working age
2829:Conflict theories
2780:Electoral results
2777:
2776:
2771:
2718:
2707:8 September 1920
2685:
2677:
2660:William MacDonald
2642:
2634:27 November 1919
2604:
2566:
2528:
2490:
2482:
2449:
2432:
2333:
2332:
2172:Bias in the media
1688:Regional variants
1005:Natural and legal
616:William MacDonald
533:New Liberal Party
424:from the public.
375:progressive taxes
171:
170:
158:Political parties
100:Social liberalism
84:Succeeded by
7333:
7085:Closing the Gaps
7015:
7014:
7004:
7003:
6940:
6928:
6916:
6904:
6887:
6884:Palmerston North
6875:
6858:
6846:
6834:
6797:
6765:
6738:
6726:
6714:
6702:
6673:
6658:
6638:
6630:
6626:electorates are
6622:
6619:Current members
6616:
6615:
6605:
6604:
6460:Russell Marshall
6374:
6249:Moira Coatsworth
6147:Arnold Nordmeyer
6043:
6042:Party presidents
6037:
6036:
6030:Internal offices
6026:
6025:
5748:
5646:Arnold Nordmeyer
5610:Alfred Hindmarsh
5599:
5596:
5590:
5589:
5579:
5578:
5571:
5562:
5555:
5548:
5539:
5538:
5485:Related articles
5352:George Laurenson
5276:Thomas Mackenzie
5228:
5210:
5203:
5196:
5187:
5186:
5170:World Socialists
5115:Socialists (iii)
5100:Social Democrats
5095:Social Credit-NZ
4661:Freedom Movement
4646:The Family Party
4537:
4530:
4523:
4514:
4513:
4508:
4502:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4491:
4475:McLintock, A. H.
4466:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4441:
4435:
4434:
4432:
4430:
4419:
4413:
4407:
4401:
4395:
4389:
4383:
4377:
4371:
4365:
4359:
4353:
4347:
4341:
4335:
4329:
4323:
4317:
4311:
4305:
4299:
4293:
4283:
4277:
4270:
4264:
4261:
4255:
4252:
4246:
4245:
4235:
4229:
4222:
4216:
4210:
4204:
4198:
4192:
4186:
4180:
4174:
4168:
4162:
4156:
4150:
4144:
4138:
4132:
4126:
4120:
4114:
4108:
4102:
4096:
4090:
4084:
4078:
4072:
4066:
4060:
4054:
4048:
4042:
4033:
4026:
4020:
4010:
4004:
3997:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3986:
3972:
3966:
3959:
3953:
3952:
3945:
3931:
3912:
3910:
3908:
3864:
3845:
3821:
3807:
3788:
3786:
3784:
3740:
3730:
3720:
3711:
3702:
3641:
3621:
3601:
3581:
3558:
3538:
3518:
3498:
3478:
3458:
3438:
3415:
3379:
3378:
3369:
3362:
3355:
3319:Labour economics
3309:Critique of work
3153:Pen-down strikes
2864:Social democracy
2811:
2801:
2800:Organised labour
2791:
2784:
2783:
2769:
2757:
2716:
2704:
2683:
2675:
2671:14 January 1920
2668:
2640:
2628:
2602:
2590:
2582:Thomas Mackenzie
2564:
2552:
2526:
2514:
2488:
2480:
2473:
2447:
2430:
2418:
2381:
2380:
2362:
2357:
2353:
2348:
2344:
2342:
2325:
2318:
2311:
2295:
2294:
2283:
2282:
2201:Economic freedom
2194:Radical centrism
1032:Secular humanism
958:Natural monopoly
909:Internationalism
726:Internationalist
676:
653:
652:
628:1926 by-election
622:in 1920, and to
582:George Laurenson
578:Thomas Mackenzie
429:women's suffrage
306:women's suffrage
246:and the growing
222:labour relations
203:old age pensions
135:
79:
77:
72:
36:
35:
7341:
7340:
7336:
7335:
7334:
7332:
7331:
7330:
7281:
7280:
7279:
7266:
7225:
7224:
7163:Shadow cabinets
7158:
7157:
7110:
7109:
7009:
6990:
6944:
6943:
6934:
6922:
6910:
6898:
6881:
6869:
6852:
6840:
6831:Panmure-Ōtāhuhu
6828:
6821:Deborah Russell
6791:
6784:Damien O'Connor
6779:Tracey McLellan
6774:Kieran McAnulty
6759:
6732:
6730:Barbara Edmonds
6720:
6718:Reuben Davidson
6708:
6706:Rachel Brooking
6696:
6667:
6665:Carmel Sepuloni
6652:
6636:
6633:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6610:
6591:
6574:Kieran McAnulty
6478:Margaret Austin
6372:
6366:
6365:
6273:
6272:
6201:Margaret Wilson
6189:Arthur Faulkner
6183:Charles Bennett
6117:Frank Langstone
6075:Frederick Cooke
6041:
6031:
6012:
5876:
5875:
5870:Carmel Sepuloni
5840:Grant Robertson
5810:Geoffrey Palmer
5746:
5740:
5739:
5677:Geoffrey Palmer
5601:
5598:
5594:
5584:
5573:
5569:
5566:
5536:
5531:
5480:
5419:
5393:
5322:
5234:
5227:
5219:
5214:
5184:
5179:
5120:Socialist Unity
5110:Socialists (ii)
5012:New World Order
4852:Communist Party
4825:
4771:Republican (ii)
4751:People's Choice
4681:Integrity Party
4636:Ethnic Minority
4546:
4541:
4511:
4503:
4499:
4489:
4487:
4471:"Liberal Party"
4467:
4463:
4453:
4451:
4443:
4442:
4438:
4428:
4426:
4421:
4420:
4416:
4408:
4404:
4396:
4392:
4388:, p. 3-14.
4384:
4380:
4372:
4368:
4360:
4356:
4348:
4344:
4336:
4332:
4324:
4320:
4312:
4308:
4300:
4296:
4284:
4280:
4276:(2001) pp 39–46
4271:
4267:
4262:
4258:
4253:
4249:
4236:
4232:
4223:
4219:
4211:
4207:
4199:
4195:
4187:
4183:
4175:
4171:
4163:
4159:
4151:
4147:
4139:
4135:
4127:
4123:
4115:
4111:
4103:
4099:
4091:
4087:
4079:
4075:
4067:
4063:
4055:
4051:
4043:
4036:
4027:
4023:
4011:
4007:
3998:
3994:
3984:
3982:
3974:
3973:
3969:
3960:
3956:
3947:
3946:
3942:
3938:
3928:
3906:
3904:
3861:
3834:
3812:Hamer, David A.
3804:
3782:
3780:
3728:
3699:
3683:
3651:
3642:
3639:
3622:
3619:
3602:
3599:
3582:
3579:
3559:
3556:
3539:
3536:
3519:
3516:
3499:
3496:
3479:
3476:
3459:
3456:
3439:
3436:
3416:
3413:
3392:
3373:
3344:
3343:
3339:Refusal of work
3304:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3199:
3189:
3188:
3187:
3178:Wildcat strikes
3173:Whipsaw strikes
3158:Sitdown strikes
3105:
3095:
3094:
3091:
3059:
3049:
3048:
3047:
3033:Toxic workplace
2917:
2907:
2906:
2903:
2821:
2819:Labour movement
2799:
2789:
2782:
2760:13 August 1925
2710:13 August 1925
2424:27 April 1893†
2399:Prime Minister
2393:Term of office
2363:
2355:
2354:
2346:
2345:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2329:
2289:
2277:
2270:
2269:
2152:
2144:
2143:
1946:North Macedonia
1690:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1668:Liberal parties
1606:
1598:
1597:
1388:
1380:
1379:
1110:
1100:
1099:
1084:
1074:
1073:
1069:State of nature
1057:Social services
1047:Social contract
1010:To own property
813:
805:
804:
684:
651:
595:
580:, who defeated
516:
514:Gradual decline
495:
487:political party
444:welfare reforms
399:
383:André Siegfried
345:
270:
264:
187:political party
167:
133:
106:
102:
75:
73:
70:
43:
42:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7339:
7329:
7328:
7323:
7318:
7313:
7308:
7303:
7298:
7293:
7276:
7275:
7272:
7271:
7268:
7267:
7265:
7264:
7259:
7254:
7249:
7244:
7239:
7233:
7231:
7227:
7226:
7223:
7222:
7217:
7212:
7207:
7202:
7197:
7192:
7187:
7182:
7177:
7172:
7166:
7164:
7160:
7159:
7156:
7155:
7149:
7143:
7137:
7131:
7125:
7118:
7116:
7112:
7111:
7108:
7107:
7102:
7097:
7092:
7087:
7082:
7077:
7072:
7067:
7062:
7057:
7052:
7047:
7042:
7037:
7032:
7027:
7025:Liberal–Labour
7021:
7019:
7011:
7010:
7000:
6999:
6996:
6995:
6992:
6991:
6989:
6988:
6983:
6978:
6973:
6971:Rainbow Labour
6968:
6963:
6958:
6952:
6950:
6946:
6945:
6942:
6941:
6929:
6920:Arena Williams
6917:
6905:
6893:
6891:Ayesha Verrall
6888:
6876:
6864:
6859:
6855:Ikaroa-Rāwhiti
6847:
6835:
6823:
6818:
6816:Adrian Rurawhe
6813:
6808:
6803:
6798:
6786:
6781:
6776:
6771:
6766:
6754:
6752:Willie Jackson
6749:
6744:
6742:Shanan Halbert
6739:
6727:
6715:
6703:
6691:
6686:
6684:Camilla Belich
6681:
6679:Ginny Andersen
6675:
6674:
6662:Deputy Leader:
6659:
6643:
6641:
6624:Names without
6612:
6611:
6601:
6600:
6597:
6596:
6593:
6592:
6590:
6589:
6588:(2023–present)
6583:
6577:
6571:
6565:
6559:
6553:
6547:
6541:
6535:
6529:
6523:
6517:
6511:
6505:
6499:
6493:
6487:
6484:Trevor Mallard
6481:
6475:
6472:Michael Cullen
6469:
6463:
6457:
6451:
6445:
6439:
6433:
6427:
6421:
6415:
6409:
6403:
6397:
6391:
6385:
6378:
6376:
6368:
6367:
6364:
6363:
6360:
6357:
6351:
6345:
6342:
6339:
6336:
6333:
6327:
6324:
6318:
6312:
6306:
6300:
6294:
6288:
6281:
6279:
6275:
6274:
6271:
6270:
6269:(2022–present)
6264:
6258:
6252:
6246:
6240:
6234:
6228:
6222:
6216:
6210:
6204:
6198:
6192:
6186:
6180:
6174:
6171:Norman Douglas
6168:
6162:
6156:
6150:
6144:
6138:
6132:
6126:
6120:
6114:
6108:
6102:
6096:
6090:
6084:
6078:
6072:
6066:
6060:
6054:
6047:
6045:
6033:
6032:
6022:
6021:
6018:
6017:
6014:
6013:
6011:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5980:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5955:
5950:
5945:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5884:
5882:
5878:
5877:
5874:
5873:
5872:(2023–present)
5867:
5861:
5858:Jacinda Ardern
5855:
5849:
5843:
5837:
5831:
5828:Michael Cullen
5825:
5819:
5813:
5807:
5801:
5795:
5789:
5783:
5777:
5771:
5765:
5759:
5752:
5750:
5747:Deputy leaders
5742:
5741:
5738:
5737:
5736:(2023–present)
5729:
5725:Jacinda Ardern
5721:
5715:
5712:David Cunliffe
5709:
5703:
5697:
5689:
5681:
5673:
5665:
5657:
5649:
5643:
5635:
5627:
5619:
5613:
5606:
5604:
5586:
5585:
5575:
5574:
5565:
5564:
5557:
5550:
5542:
5533:
5532:
5530:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5517:Liberal–Labour
5514:
5509:
5504:
5502:National Party
5499:
5494:
5488:
5486:
5482:
5481:
5479:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5427:
5425:
5421:
5420:
5418:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5401:
5399:
5395:
5394:
5392:
5391:
5385:
5379:
5373:
5367:
5364:Thomas Wilford
5361:
5358:George Russell
5355:
5349:
5343:
5337:
5334:Richard Seddon
5330:
5328:
5327:Deputy leaders
5324:
5323:
5321:
5320:
5312:
5304:
5298:
5295:Thomas Wilford
5292:
5286:
5280:
5272:
5264:
5256:
5252:Richard Seddon
5248:
5239:
5237:
5221:
5220:
5213:
5212:
5205:
5198:
5190:
5181:
5180:
5178:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5105:Socialists (i)
5102:
5097:
5092:
5090:Republican (i)
5087:
5085:Representative
5082:
5077:
5072:
5070:Real Democracy
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5022:Nga Iwi Morehu
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4962:Liberal Reform
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4833:
4831:
4827:
4826:
4824:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4756:People's Party
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4666:Future NZ (ii)
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4576:Advance (2020)
4573:
4568:
4563:
4561:1Law4All Party
4557:
4555:
4548:
4547:
4540:
4539:
4532:
4525:
4517:
4510:
4509:
4507:, p. 2-7.
4505:Gustafson 1986
4497:
4469:Foster, John.
4461:
4436:
4414:
4402:
4400:, p. 280.
4390:
4378:
4366:
4354:
4342:
4330:
4328:, p. 209.
4318:
4306:
4294:
4278:
4272:James Belich,
4265:
4256:
4247:
4230:
4217:
4205:
4193:
4181:
4169:
4157:
4145:
4133:
4121:
4109:
4097:
4085:
4083:, p. 261.
4073:
4061:
4049:
4034:
4021:
4005:
3992:
3967:
3963:Labour History
3954:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3932:
3927:978-0140298758
3926:
3913:
3880:(2): 139–174.
3865:
3859:
3846:
3832:
3808:
3802:
3789:
3756:(2): 195–217.
3750:Social History
3741:
3721:
3712:
3703:
3697:
3682:
3679:
3678:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3650:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3630:
3624:
3623:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3610:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3590:
3584:
3583:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3564:
3563:
3560:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3541:
3540:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3527:
3521:
3520:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3507:
3501:
3500:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3487:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3467:
3461:
3460:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3447:
3441:
3440:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3427:
3421:
3420:
3417:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3398:
3397:
3394:
3389:
3386:
3383:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3364:
3357:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3342:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3324:Labour history
3321:
3316:
3311:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3285:United Kingdom
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3201:
3200:
3197:Labour parties
3195:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3128:
3121:General strike
3118:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3100:
3097:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3090:
3089:
3084:
3078:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3060:
3055:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2943:Eight-hour day
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2919:
2918:
2913:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2825:
2822:
2817:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2804:
2803:
2795:
2794:
2781:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2751:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2698:
2696:Thomas Wilford
2693:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2678:
2674:31 August 1920
2672:
2669:
2662:
2657:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2645:
2643:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2622:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2597:
2594:
2593:28 March 1912
2591:
2584:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2559:
2558:12 March 1912
2556:
2555:6 August 1906
2553:
2546:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2521:
2520:6 August 1906
2518:
2515:
2508:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2483:
2477:
2474:
2467:
2465:Richard Seddon
2462:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2441:
2440:
2435:
2433:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2412:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2369:Prime Minister
2331:
2330:
2328:
2327:
2320:
2313:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2287:
2272:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2265:Utilitarianism
2262:
2257:
2252:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2238:Libertarianism
2235:
2233:Land value tax
2230:
2229:
2228:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2206:Egalitarianism
2203:
2198:
2197:
2196:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2162:Anti-communism
2159:
2153:
2151:Related topics
2150:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2107:
2105:Arizona School
2097:
2096:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2073:United Kingdom
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1845:
1844:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1691:
1686:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1200:Wollstonecraft
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1111:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1091:
1085:
1080:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1052:Social justice
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
992:
991:
990:
985:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
953:Market economy
950:
945:
944:
943:
938:
928:
921:
916:
914:Invisible hand
911:
906:
904:Harm principle
901:
900:
899:
894:
889:
884:
883:
882:
877:
862:
857:
856:
855:
850:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
814:
811:
810:
807:
806:
803:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
781:
780:
775:
770:
769:
768:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
717:
716:
706:
701:
696:
691:
685:
682:
681:
678:
677:
669:
668:
662:
661:
650:
647:
643:National Party
620:Thomas Wilford
594:
591:
586:John A. Millar
559:William Massey
515:
512:
494:
491:
479:dominant party
459:United Kingdom
452:Prime Minister
417:Richard Seddon
406:Richard Seddon
398:
395:
344:
341:
329:1890 elections
317:Harry Atkinson
266:Main article:
263:
260:
256:National Party
169:
168:
166:
165:
160:
155:
149:
146:
145:
142:
138:
137:
131:
127:
126:
117:
111:
110:
97:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
67:
63:
62:
59:
55:
54:
49:
45:
44:
40:
39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7338:
7327:
7324:
7322:
7319:
7317:
7314:
7312:
7309:
7307:
7304:
7302:
7299:
7297:
7294:
7292:
7289:
7288:
7286:
7263:
7260:
7258:
7255:
7253:
7250:
7248:
7245:
7243:
7240:
7238:
7235:
7234:
7232:
7228:
7221:
7218:
7216:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7183:
7181:
7178:
7176:
7173:
7171:
7168:
7167:
7165:
7161:
7153:
7150:
7147:
7144:
7141:
7138:
7135:
7132:
7129:
7126:
7123:
7120:
7119:
7117:
7113:
7106:
7103:
7101:
7098:
7096:
7093:
7091:
7088:
7086:
7083:
7081:
7080:Backbone club
7078:
7076:
7073:
7071:
7068:
7066:
7063:
7061:
7058:
7056:
7053:
7051:
7048:
7046:
7043:
7041:
7038:
7036:
7033:
7031:
7028:
7026:
7023:
7022:
7020:
7016:
7012:
7005:
7001:
6987:
6984:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6959:
6957:
6954:
6953:
6951:
6947:
6938:
6933:
6930:
6926:
6921:
6918:
6914:
6909:
6906:
6902:
6897:
6894:
6892:
6889:
6885:
6880:
6879:Tangi Utikere
6877:
6873:
6868:
6865:
6863:
6860:
6856:
6851:
6848:
6844:
6839:
6836:
6832:
6827:
6824:
6822:
6819:
6817:
6814:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6795:
6790:
6789:Greg O'Connor
6787:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6775:
6772:
6770:
6767:
6763:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6736:
6731:
6728:
6724:
6719:
6716:
6712:
6707:
6704:
6700:
6695:
6694:Rachel Boyack
6692:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6676:
6671:
6666:
6663:
6660:
6656:
6651:
6650:Chris Hipkins
6648:
6645:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6631:
6621:of parliament
6617:
6613:
6606:
6602:
6587:
6586:Tangi Utikere
6584:
6581:
6578:
6575:
6572:
6569:
6566:
6563:
6560:
6557:
6554:
6551:
6550:Chris Hipkins
6548:
6545:
6542:
6539:
6538:Chris Hipkins
6536:
6533:
6530:
6527:
6526:Darren Hughes
6524:
6521:
6518:
6515:
6512:
6509:
6506:
6503:
6500:
6497:
6494:
6491:
6490:Jonathan Hunt
6488:
6485:
6482:
6479:
6476:
6473:
6470:
6467:
6466:Jonathan Hunt
6464:
6461:
6458:
6455:
6454:Roger Drayton
6452:
6449:
6446:
6443:
6440:
6437:
6436:Joe Cotterill
6434:
6431:
6430:Phil Connolly
6428:
6425:
6422:
6419:
6416:
6413:
6412:James O'Brien
6410:
6407:
6406:Robert McKeen
6404:
6401:
6398:
6395:
6392:
6389:
6388:James McCombs
6386:
6383:
6382:Andrew Walker
6380:
6379:
6377:
6375:
6369:
6361:
6358:
6355:
6354:Andrew Kirton
6352:
6349:
6346:
6343:
6340:
6337:
6334:
6331:
6328:
6325:
6322:
6319:
6316:
6313:
6310:
6307:
6304:
6301:
6298:
6295:
6292:
6289:
6286:
6283:
6282:
6280:
6276:
6268:
6265:
6262:
6259:
6256:
6255:Nigel Haworth
6253:
6250:
6247:
6244:
6243:Andrew Little
6241:
6238:
6237:Mike Williams
6235:
6232:
6229:
6226:
6223:
6220:
6219:Maryan Street
6217:
6214:
6211:
6208:
6205:
6202:
6199:
6196:
6193:
6190:
6187:
6184:
6181:
6178:
6175:
6172:
6169:
6166:
6163:
6160:
6159:Martyn Finlay
6157:
6154:
6151:
6148:
6145:
6142:
6141:James Roberts
6139:
6136:
6133:
6130:
6127:
6124:
6123:Tim Armstrong
6121:
6118:
6115:
6112:
6109:
6106:
6103:
6100:
6097:
6094:
6091:
6088:
6085:
6082:
6079:
6076:
6073:
6070:
6067:
6064:
6061:
6058:
6057:Andrew Walker
6055:
6052:
6051:James McCombs
6049:
6048:
6046:
6044:
6038:
6034:
6027:
6023:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5885:
5883:
5879:
5871:
5868:
5865:
5862:
5859:
5856:
5853:
5850:
5847:
5844:
5841:
5838:
5835:
5832:
5829:
5826:
5823:
5822:David Caygill
5820:
5817:
5814:
5811:
5808:
5805:
5802:
5799:
5796:
5793:
5790:
5787:
5784:
5781:
5780:Jerry Skinner
5778:
5775:
5772:
5769:
5766:
5763:
5760:
5757:
5756:James McCombs
5754:
5753:
5751:
5749:
5743:
5735:
5734:
5733:Chris Hipkins
5730:
5727:
5726:
5722:
5719:
5718:Andrew Little
5716:
5713:
5710:
5707:
5706:David Shearer
5704:
5701:
5698:
5695:
5694:
5690:
5687:
5686:
5682:
5679:
5678:
5674:
5671:
5670:
5666:
5663:
5662:
5658:
5655:
5654:
5650:
5647:
5644:
5641:
5640:
5636:
5633:
5632:
5628:
5625:
5624:
5620:
5617:
5616:Harry Holland
5614:
5611:
5608:
5607:
5605:
5597:
5591:
5587:
5580:
5576:
5572:
5563:
5558:
5556:
5551:
5549:
5544:
5543:
5540:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5520:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5512:Radical Party
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5489:
5487:
5483:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5428:
5426:
5422:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5402:
5400:
5396:
5389:
5388:Alfred Ransom
5386:
5383:
5382:George Forbes
5380:
5377:
5376:Alfred Ransom
5374:
5371:
5370:George Forbes
5368:
5365:
5362:
5359:
5356:
5353:
5350:
5347:
5346:James Carroll
5344:
5341:
5338:
5335:
5332:
5331:
5329:
5325:
5318:
5317:
5316:George Forbes
5313:
5310:
5309:
5305:
5302:
5301:George Forbes
5299:
5296:
5293:
5290:
5287:
5284:
5281:
5278:
5277:
5273:
5270:
5269:
5265:
5262:
5261:
5257:
5254:
5253:
5249:
5246:
5245:
5244:John Ballance
5241:
5240:
5238:
5232:
5226:
5225:Party leaders
5222:
5218:
5211:
5206:
5204:
5199:
5197:
5192:
5191:
5188:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5135:United Labour
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5065:Radical Party
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5055:Piri Wiri Tua
5053:
5051:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5037:Patriot Party
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5002:New Economics
5000:
4998:
4997:New Democrats
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4967:Mana Motuhake
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4942:Liberal (iii)
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4927:Labour (1910)
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4892:Future NZ (i)
4890:
4888:
4887:Freedom Party
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4828:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4816:United Future
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4781:Social Credit
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4721:Mauri Pacific
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4691:Internet Mana
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4671:Green Society
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4586:Animals First
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4549:
4545:
4538:
4533:
4531:
4526:
4524:
4519:
4518:
4515:
4506:
4501:
4486:
4482:
4481:
4476:
4472:
4465:
4450:
4446:
4440:
4424:
4418:
4411:
4406:
4399:
4394:
4387:
4382:
4375:
4370:
4363:
4358:
4351:
4346:
4339:
4334:
4327:
4322:
4315:
4310:
4303:
4298:
4292:
4288:
4282:
4275:
4269:
4260:
4251:
4243:
4242:
4234:
4227:
4221:
4214:
4209:
4202:
4197:
4190:
4185:
4178:
4173:
4166:
4161:
4154:
4149:
4142:
4137:
4130:
4125:
4118:
4113:
4106:
4101:
4094:
4089:
4082:
4077:
4070:
4065:
4058:
4053:
4046:
4041:
4039:
4031:
4025:
4019:
4015:
4009:
4002:
3996:
3981:
3977:
3971:
3964:
3958:
3950:
3944:
3940:
3929:
3923:
3919:
3914:
3903:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3866:
3862:
3856:
3852:
3847:
3843:
3839:
3835:
3833:1-86940-014-3
3829:
3825:
3820:
3819:
3813:
3809:
3805:
3799:
3795:
3790:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3727:
3722:
3718:
3713:
3709:
3704:
3700:
3694:
3690:
3685:
3684:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3652:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3625:
3617:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3605:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3585:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3554:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3534:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3514:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3502:
3494:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3474:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3462:
3454:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3434:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3411:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3395:
3390:
3387:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3370:
3365:
3363:
3358:
3356:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3347:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3300:
3299:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3250:New Caledonia
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3193:
3192:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3148:Overtime bans
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3103:Strike action
3099:
3098:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3058:
3053:
3052:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3038:Unfree labour
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2998:Paid time off
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2963:Four-day week
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2916:
2915:Labour rights
2911:
2910:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2889:Union busting
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2820:
2815:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2752:
2750:
2749:George Forbes
2747:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2738:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2715:
2703:
2697:
2688:
2682:
2679:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2649:
2639:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2627:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2608:
2606:
2601:
2598:
2596:10 July 1912
2595:
2592:
2589:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2568:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2530:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2517:21 June 1906
2516:
2513:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2492:
2487:
2484:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2451:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2429:
2426:
2417:
2411:
2410:John Ballance
2402:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2361:
2352:
2351:Conservatives
2343: Liberal
2337:
2326:
2321:
2319:
2314:
2312:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2275:
2274:
2273:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2221:Individualism
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2100:United States
2098:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
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1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1979:
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1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
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1959:
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1954:
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1932:
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1726:
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1706:
1703:
1701:
1700:Latin America
1698:
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1610:
1605:Organisations
1602:
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1594:
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1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1103:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1078:
1077:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1062:Welfare state
1060:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
997:
996:
993:
989:
986:
984:
981:
980:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
942:
939:
937:
934:
933:
932:
929:
927:
926:
925:Laissez-faire
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
881:
878:
876:
873:
872:
871:
868:
867:
866:
863:
861:
858:
854:
851:
849:
846:
845:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
815:
809:
808:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
779:
776:
774:
771:
767:
764:
763:
762:
759:
758:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
715:
712:
711:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
686:
680:
679:
675:
671:
670:
667:
664:
663:
659:
655:
654:
646:
644:
640:
635:
633:
629:
625:
624:George Forbes
621:
617:
612:
608:
607:George Fowlds
604:
600:
590:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
566:
564:
560:
555:
553:
552:runoff voting
547:
545:
541:
536:
534:
530:
529:Radical Party
520:
511:
507:
503:
500:
490:
488:
482:
480:
476:
472:
471:welfare state
468:
464:
460:
456:
455:H. H. Asquith
453:
449:
448:Liberal Party
445:
440:
438:
432:
430:
425:
422:
418:
414:
407:
403:
394:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
366:
363:
359:
355:
351:
340:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
313:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
286:John Ballance
282:
280:
276:
269:
259:
257:
253:
249:
245:
240:
238:
237:pragmatically
233:
231:
227:
223:
218:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
199:welfare state
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
164:
161:
159:
156:
154:
151:
150:
147:
143:
139:
132:
128:
125:
121:
118:
116:
112:
109:
105:
104:Progressivism
101:
98:
96:
92:
89:
86:
82:
68:
64:
60:
56:
53:
52:John Ballance
50:
46:
37:
34:
30:
26:
22:
7236:
7060:Moyle Affair
7045:Mason Affair
7040:Black Budget
6986:Young Labour
6913:Mount Albert
6867:Phil Twyford
6826:Jenny Salesa
6801:David Parker
6757:Ingrid Leary
6747:Peeni Henare
6689:Glen Bennett
6661:
6646:
6609:Organisation
6568:Michael Wood
6394:Dan Sullivan
6373:Senior Whips
6315:David Wilson
6297:Moses Ayrton
6261:Claire Szabó
6195:Jim Anderton
6177:Bill Rowling
6069:Peter Fraser
5864:Kelvin Davis
5852:Annette King
5846:David Parker
5834:Annette King
5786:Fred Hackett
5768:Peter Fraser
5731:
5723:
5691:
5683:
5675:
5667:
5661:Bill Rowling
5659:
5651:
5637:
5631:Peter Fraser
5629:
5621:
5497:United Party
5314:
5306:
5274:
5266:
5258:
5250:
5242:
5230:
5216:
5150:Values Party
4947:Liberal (iv)
4937:Liberal (ii)
4931:
4882:Equal Values
4857:Co-operative
4786:South Island
4701:Libertarianz
4601:Bill and Ben
4500:
4488:. Retrieved
4478:
4464:
4454:18 September
4452:. Retrieved
4448:
4439:
4429:18 September
4427:. Retrieved
4417:
4405:
4393:
4386:Bassett 1982
4381:
4369:
4357:
4345:
4333:
4321:
4309:
4297:
4286:
4281:
4273:
4268:
4259:
4250:
4240:
4233:
4225:
4220:
4208:
4196:
4184:
4172:
4160:
4148:
4136:
4124:
4112:
4100:
4088:
4076:
4064:
4052:
4029:
4024:
4013:
4008:
4000:
3995:
3983:. Retrieved
3979:
3970:
3962:
3957:
3943:
3917:
3905:. Retrieved
3877:
3873:
3850:
3822:. Auckland:
3817:
3793:
3781:. Retrieved
3753:
3749:
3736:
3732:
3716:
3707:
3688:
3183:Work-to-rule
3057:Trade unions
3028:Six-hour day
3013:Right to sit
2978:Minimum wage
2928:Child labour
2923:Annual leave
2849:New unionism
2766:
2713:
2680:
2637:
2599:
2561:
2523:
2485:
2479:10 June 1906
2444:
2427:
2421:2 July 1889
2371:
2364:
2335:
2334:
2255:Pirate Party
2115:Jeffersonian
2023:South Africa
1513:Lloyd George
1108:Philosophers
1015:To bear arms
963:Open society
923:
694:Conservative
639:United Party
636:
611:Labour Party
596:
567:
563:Reform Party
556:
548:
537:
525:
508:
504:
496:
483:
463:Labour Party
441:
433:
426:
413:Robert Stout
410:
387:Albert Métin
371:land reforms
367:
346:
321:conservative
314:
283:
279:conservatism
271:
252:United Party
248:Labour Party
244:Reform Party
241:
234:
226:minimum wage
219:
205:, developed
174:
172:
88:United Party
33:
7148:(1999–2008)
7070:Rogernomics
6956:City Vision
6932:Megan Woods
6908:Helen White
6896:Duncan Webb
6862:Jan Tinetti
6580:Duncan Webb
6556:Kris Faafoi
6544:Sue Moroney
6532:Rick Barker
6520:Tim Barnett
6514:Jill Pettis
6504:(1999–2002)
6502:Rick Barker
6496:Mark Burton
6448:Ron Barclay
6400:Bill Jordan
6348:Tim Barnett
6330:John Wybrow
6321:Mick Moohan
6303:Walter Nash
6285:John Glover
6233:(1999–2000)
6165:Norman Kirk
6153:Mick Moohan
6129:Walter Nash
6111:Bill Jordan
6093:John Archer
6081:Tom Brindle
5830:(1996–2008)
5816:Helen Clark
5804:David Lange
5774:Walter Nash
5696:(1993–2008)
5693:Helen Clark
5669:David Lange
5653:Norman Kirk
5639:Walter Nash
5527:Senior Whip
5522:List of MPs
5398:Governments
5390:(1930–1936)
5384:(1928–1930)
5378:(1925–1928)
5372:(1920–1925)
5366:(1919–1920)
5360:(1913–1919)
5354:(1912–1913)
5348:(1906–1912)
5342:(1893–1906)
5340:Joseph Ward
5336:(1889–1893)
5319:(1930–1936)
5311:(1928–1930)
5308:Joseph Ward
5303:(1925–1927)
5297:(1920–1925)
5291:(1919–1920)
5285:(1913–1919)
5283:Joseph Ward
5279:(1912–1913)
5271:(1906–1912)
5268:Joseph Ward
5255:(1893–1906)
5247:(1889–1893)
5145:United (ii)
5125:Sovereignty
4992:New Citizen
4972:Mana Wahine
4952:Liberal (v)
4932:Liberal (i)
4806:Te Tawharau
4796:Sustainable
4761:Progressive
4726:Natural Law
4490:21 November
3739:(1): 41–51.
3562:Opposition
3419:Government
3280:South Korea
3260:Netherlands
3255:New Zealand
2884:Syndicalism
2854:Proletariat
2834:Decent work
2620:Joseph Ward
2544:Joseph Ward
2533:Hall-Jones
2476:1 May 1893
2083:Gladstonian
2043:Switzerland
2028:South Korea
1971:Philippines
1931:New Zealand
1926:Netherlands
1583:Verhofstadt
1578:Balcerowicz
1387:Politicians
1315:Collingwood
1255:Tocqueville
1130:Montesquieu
1022:Rule of law
823:Due process
574:Joseph Ward
540:Joseph Ward
499:agrarianism
493:Agrarianism
362:monopolised
350:progressive
302:land reform
183:Pāti Rīpera
124:centre-left
108:Agrarianism
7285:Categories
7035:Lee affair
6562:Ruth Dyson
6231:Bob Harvey
6213:Ruth Dyson
6135:Clyde Carr
6087:Bob Semple
5798:Bob Tizard
5685:Mike Moore
5583:Leadership
5233:served as
5140:United (i)
4716:Mana Māori
4641:Expatriate
4410:Hamer 1988
4374:Hamer 1988
4338:Hamer 1988
4093:Hamer 1988
4030:Continuity
3907:31 January
3860:0143018671
3803:0474001776
3783:31 January
3698:0868700061
3681:References
3391:# of seats
3385:# of votes
3329:Labour law
3138:Green bans
3131:newspapers
3023:Sick leave
3018:Sabbatical
2609:Mackenzie
2211:Empiricism
2182:Democratic
2177:Capitalism
2088:Manchester
1921:Montenegro
1906:Luxembourg
1842:Venizelism
1772:Costa Rica
1027:Secularism
860:Federalism
812:Principles
704:Democratic
666:Liberalism
593:Opposition
446:of the UK
358:runholders
343:Early days
275:liberalism
27:, and the
7154:(2017–23)
7142:(1984–90)
7136:(1972–75)
7130:(1957–60)
7124:(1935–49)
7105:KiwiSaver
7090:Helengrad
7050:It's Time
6981:VicLabour
6769:Jo Luxton
6582:(2022–23)
6576:(2020–22)
6570:(2019–20)
6564:(2017–19)
6558:(2016–17)
6552:(2014–16)
6546:(2013–14)
6540:(2011–13)
6528:(2008–11)
6522:(2005–08)
6516:(2004–05)
6510:(2002–04)
6498:(1996–99)
6492:(1990–96)
6480:(1987–90)
6474:(1984–87)
6468:(1980–84)
6462:(1978–80)
6456:(1976–78)
6450:(1972–76)
6444:(1958–72)
6442:Henry May
6438:(1952–58)
6432:(1951–52)
6426:(1947–51)
6420:(1942–47)
6414:(1939–42)
6408:(1937–39)
6402:(1935–36)
6396:(1922–35)
6390:(1919–22)
6384:(1916–19)
6356:(2016–18)
6350:(2012–16)
6332:(1971–85)
6323:(1940–48)
6317:(1936–40)
6311:(1932–36)
6309:Jim Thorn
6305:(1922–32)
6299:(1920–22)
6293:(1919–20)
6287:(1916–19)
6263:(2019–22)
6257:(2015–19)
6251:(2011–15)
6245:(2009–11)
6239:(2000–09)
6227:(1995–99)
6221:(1993–95)
6215:(1988–93)
6209:(1987–88)
6207:Rex Jones
6203:(1984–87)
6197:(1979–84)
6191:(1976–79)
6185:(1973–76)
6179:(1970–73)
6173:(1966–70)
6167:(1964–66)
6161:(1960–64)
6155:(1955–60)
6149:(1950–55)
6143:(1937–50)
6137:(1936–37)
6131:(1935–36)
6125:(1934–35)
6119:(1933–34)
6113:(1932–33)
6107:(1931–32)
6105:Rex Mason
6101:(1929–31)
6099:Jim Thorn
6095:(1928–29)
6089:(1926–28)
6083:(1922–26)
6077:(1921–22)
6071:(1920–21)
6065:(1918–20)
6059:(1917–18)
6053:(1916–17)
5866:(2017–23)
5854:(2014–17)
5848:(2013–14)
5842:(2011–13)
5836:(2008–11)
5824:(1993–96)
5818:(1989–93)
5812:(1983–89)
5806:(1979–83)
5800:(1974–79)
5794:(1963–74)
5792:Hugh Watt
5788:(1962–63)
5782:(1951–62)
5776:(1940–51)
5770:(1933–40)
5764:(1923–33)
5758:(1919–23)
5728:(2017–23)
5720:(2014–17)
5714:(2013–14)
5708:(2011–13)
5702:(2008–11)
5700:Phil Goff
5688:(1990–93)
5680:(1989–90)
5672:(1983–89)
5664:(1974–83)
5656:(1965–74)
5648:(1963–65)
5642:(1950–63)
5634:(1940–50)
5626:(1933–40)
5618:(1919–33)
5612:(1916–18)
5415:Coalition
5229:Names in
5155:WIN Party
4987:NewLabour
4897:GOdsownNZ
4811:United NZ
4801:TEA Party
4398:King 2003
4362:King 2003
4314:King 2003
4213:King 2003
4189:King 2003
4153:King 2003
4117:King 2003
4105:King 2003
4081:King 2003
4069:King 2003
4057:King 2003
3902:154806794
3778:143826033
3388:% of vote
3275:Singapore
3230:Hong Kong
3205:Australia
2958:Equal pay
2879:Communism
2874:Socialism
2717:1920–1925
2641:1913–1919
2565:1906–1912
2489:1893–1906
2454:Ballance
2448:1890–1893
2431:1889–1890
2396:Position
2390:Portrait
2226:Anarchist
2134:Venezuela
2110:Classical
2078:Cobdenism
1981:Cracovian
1936:Nicaragua
1901:Lithuania
1760:Hong Kong
1715:Australia
1553:Roosevelt
1523:Ståhlberg
1518:Venizelos
1473:Sarmiento
1463:Gladstone
1423:Lamartine
1393:Jefferson
1245:Martineau
1195:De Gouges
1180:Condorcet
1165:Priestley
828:Democracy
800:Third Way
761:Christian
756:Religious
689:Classical
618:and then
603:Grey Lynn
397:Dominance
379:socialist
290:Treasurer
163:Elections
66:Dissolved
7205:Cunliffe
7095:Corngate
6925:Manurewa
6872:Te Atatū
6655:Remutaka
6629:list MPs
6267:Jill Day
6063:Tom Paul
5461:Sep 1920
5456:Jan 1920
4867:Democrat
4686:Internet
4656:Focus NZ
4596:Ban 1080
4581:Alliance
4018:in JSTOR
3842:18420103
3814:(1988).
3649:See also
3382:Election
3270:Portugal
3210:Barbados
3168:Walkouts
3143:Lockouts
2993:Overwork
2844:Timeline
2790:a series
2787:Part of
2438:Atkinson
2216:Humanism
2189:Centrism
2139:Zimbabwe
2093:Whiggism
2053:Thailand
2018:Slovenia
2013:Slovakia
1988:Portugal
1961:Paraguay
1884:Liberism
1849:Honduras
1767:Colombia
1740:Bulgaria
1533:Rathenau
1508:Milyukov
1428:Macaulay
1398:Kołłątaj
1370:Kymlicka
1350:Friedman
1295:Cassirer
1285:Hobhouse
1220:Constant
1215:Humboldt
1175:Beccaria
1140:Rousseau
1135:Voltaire
978:Property
941:Positive
936:Negative
892:Religion
870:Economic
843:Equality
766:Catholic
736:National
731:Muscular
709:Feminist
699:Cultural
658:a series
656:Part of
475:populism
312:rights.
95:Ideology
7220:Hipkins
7200:Shearer
7175:Rowling
7008:History
6843:Māngere
6711:Dunedin
6670:Kelston
6647:Leader:
5595:Leaders
5165:Women's
5046:Phoenix
4862:Country
4847:Climate
4626:Destiny
4477:(ed.).
3985:19 July
3980:Newshub
3770:4287190
3640:11 / 80
3632:143,931
3620:22 / 80
3612:166,708
3600:19 / 80
3592:155,708
3580:34 / 80
3572:227,706
3557:33 / 80
3549:163,401
3537:50 / 80
3529:315,220
3517:58 / 80
3509:219,144
3497:47 / 80
3489:215,378
3477:49 / 74
3469:204,331
3457:39 / 74
3449:184,650
3437:51 / 74
3429:175,814
3414:40 / 74
3235:Ireland
3225:Georgia
2495:Seddon
2387:Leader
2129:Uruguay
2068:Ukraine
2058:Tunisia
2003:Senegal
1993:Romania
1941:Nigeria
1916:Moldova
1859:Iceland
1854:Hungary
1832:Germany
1827:Georgia
1817:Finland
1812:Estonia
1802:Ecuador
1797:Denmark
1792:Czechia
1777:Croatia
1730:Bolivia
1725:Belgium
1720:Austria
1710:Armenia
1705:Albania
1573:Jenkins
1568:Kennedy
1558:Pearson
1543:Einaudi
1528:Gokhale
1488:Itagaki
1483:Naoroji
1478:Mommsen
1458:Lincoln
1448:Mazzini
1433:Kossuth
1418:Broglie
1413:Bolívar
1408:Artigas
1403:Madison
1265:Spencer
1250:Emerson
1240:Bastiat
1225:Ricardo
1185:Bentham
1125:Spinoza
1082:History
983:Private
931:Liberty
865:Freedom
785:Secular
773:Islamic
751:Radical
683:Schools
601:, with
568:At the
457:in the
354:farmers
333:Premier
228:and to
201:, with
130:Colours
74: (
58:Founded
48:Founder
7215:Ardern
7210:Little
7140:Fourth
7128:Second
6976:Rātana
6937:Wigram
6794:Ōhāriu
6762:Taieri
6699:Nelson
6534:(2011)
6486:(1990)
5860:(2017)
5410:Second
5263:(1906)
5130:Thrive
5075:Reform
5060:Public
5050:Pirate
4736:One NZ
4291:online
4003:(1987)
3924:
3900:
3894:194246
3892:
3857:
3840:
3830:
3800:
3776:
3768:
3695:
3406:76,548
3290:Sweden
3265:Norway
3240:Israel
3215:Brazil
3116:Hartal
2737:Coates
2648:Massey
2360:Reform
2358:
2356:
2349:
2347:
2341:
2122:Modern
2063:Turkey
2048:Taiwan
2038:Sweden
2008:Serbia
1998:Russia
1976:Poland
1956:Panama
1951:Norway
1911:Mexico
1896:Latvia
1874:Israel
1837:Greece
1822:France
1787:Cyprus
1745:Canada
1735:Brazil
1695:Europe
1593:Macron
1538:Madero
1503:Deakin
1493:Levski
1468:Cavour
1453:Juárez
1443:Cobden
1375:Badawi
1365:Nozick
1345:Berlin
1335:Popper
1310:Keynes
1305:Ortega
1270:Arnold
1230:Guizot
1190:Korais
1155:Turgot
1115:Milton
995:Rights
988:Public
897:Speech
875:Market
848:Gender
795:Techno
790:Social
778:Jewish
714:Equity
450:under
421:caucus
360:, who
308:, and
296:, and
141:Slogan
136:Yellow
134:
120:Centre
7190:Clark
7185:Moore
7180:Lange
7152:Sixth
7146:Fifth
7134:Third
7122:First
5405:First
5032:OurNZ
4566:99 MP
4473:. In
3936:Notes
3898:S2CID
3890:JSTOR
3774:S2CID
3766:JSTOR
3729:(PDF)
3635:20.94
3615:26.26
3552:34.23
3532:58.7%
3472:52.71
3452:54.78
3432:57.80
3245:Malta
3126:Bandh
2571:Ward
2248:Right
2033:Spain
1891:Japan
1879:Italy
1864:India
1807:Egypt
1755:China
1750:Chile
1588:Obama
1563:Ohlin
1498:Kemal
1355:Rawls
1330:Hayek
1320:Čapek
1300:Mises
1290:Croce
1280:Weber
1275:Acton
1205:Staël
1170:Paine
1160:Burke
1145:Smith
1120:Locke
887:Press
880:Trade
853:Legal
721:Green
310:Māori
195:Māori
179:Māori
7195:Goff
7170:Kirk
6735:Mana
6008:2023
6003:2017
5998:2014
5993:2013
5988:2011
5983:2008
5978:1996
5973:1993
5968:1990
5963:1989
5958:1988
5953:1983
5948:1980
5943:1974
5938:1965
5933:1963
5928:1954
5923:1951
5918:1940
5913:1933
5908:1923
5903:1922
5898:1921
5893:1920
5888:1919
5476:1930
5471:1928
5466:1925
5451:1913
5446:1912
5441:1906
5436:1893
5431:1889
5231:bold
4902:Hapu
4711:Mana
4696:Kiwi
4492:2015
4456:2017
4431:2017
3987:2022
3922:ISBN
3909:2022
3855:ISBN
3838:OCLC
3828:ISBN
3798:ISBN
3785:2022
3693:ISBN
3628:1925
3608:1922
3595:28.7
3588:1919
3575:43.1
3568:1914
3545:1911
3525:1908
3512:53.1
3505:1905
3492:51.8
3485:1902
3465:1899
3445:1896
3425:1893
3409:56.1
3402:1890
3220:Fiji
3087:WFTU
3082:ITUC
2770:1925
2728:Bell
2684:1920
2616:(4)
2603:1912
2527:1906
2384:No.
2336:Key:
2243:Left
1966:Peru
1869:Iran
1782:Cuba
1548:King
1438:Deák
1340:Aron
1260:Mill
1235:List
1150:Kant
746:Ordo
632:Eden
630:for
385:and
319:, a
277:and
173:The
76:1928
69:1928
61:1891
4731:NMP
4552:MMP
3882:doi
3758:doi
3393:won
1360:Sen
1210:Say
741:Neo
605:MP
465:'s
122:to
7287::
4483:.
4447:.
4037:^
3978:.
3896:.
3888:.
3878:23
3876:.
3872:.
3836:.
3826:.
3772:.
3764:.
3754:30
3752:.
3748:.
3735:.
3731:.
2793:on
2767:LO
2745:8
2714:LO
2692:7
2681:LO
2656:6
2638:LO
2600:PM
2578:5
2562:PM
2540:4
2524:PM
2502:3
2486:PM
2461:2
2445:PM
2428:LO
2406:1
2374::
2372:LO
2367::
2365:PM
1325:Hu
660:on
634:.
373:,
339:.
304:,
292:,
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6911:(
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6899:(
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6882:(
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6870:(
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6841:(
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6829:(
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6792:(
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6760:(
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6721:(
6713:)
6709:(
6701:)
6697:(
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6668:(
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6653:(
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6634:(
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4458:.
4433:.
3989:.
3951:.
3930:.
3911:.
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3863:.
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3806:.
3787:.
3760::
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2676:†
2481:†
2324:e
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177:(
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31:.
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