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Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller

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areas of production and taught workshops. In 1928, she was taking theater classes at Wellesley College and Columbia University that focused on pageantry, lighting, and playwriting. After becoming less active in the CLS, Fuller joined a Black theater company called the Allied Arts Theatre Group (AATG) where she worked as a head designer, director, and board member. She was involved with the AATG until the founder's death in 1936. Even with her commitments of being an artist and working in theater, Fuller wrote at least six plays under the pseudonym, Danny Deaver. The following is an excerpt of stage directions in her production titled,
297: 413: 462:. It was the "masculinity and primitive power" of her sculptures that drew the French crowds to her work and generated her acclaim. The Paris crowd was astonished that a woman could produce works that depicted such "horror, pain, and sorrow." It was a relief for Warrick that her gender wasn't an inhibitor of how the public reacted to her racially themed pieces, as it would be in the United States. By the end of her time in Paris, she was widely known and had had her works exhibited in many galleries. 428: 2903: 582: 528:, wrote the short story "Goldie" based on this murder. Warrick's activism also spanned into feminist work. She participated in the Women's Peace Party and the Equal Suffrage Movement, but abruptly stopped once she realized that black women were not included in the fight for equal voting rights. She often sold pieces to fund voter registration campaigns in the South. 362:. Although she said that she could not specialize in African-American types, Fuller became one of the most effective chroniclers of the black experience within the United States. In 1898, she received her Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art diploma and teacher's certificate as well as a scholarship for an additional year of study. 570:; newly freed slaves building their own home; an independent black farmer, builder and contractor; a black businessman and banker; scenes inside a modern African-American home, church and school; and finally, a college commencement. For her work on the tableaux, Warrick was awarded a gold medal by the directors of the exposition. 722:"On the long hall table is a lamp, which the characters snap on and off, as they stop to look for mail, which is left in a receptacle for that purpose. The wall lights of the room are controlled by a switch at right of entrance, but these are of dull amber, the candle variety, the light is never bright." 283:
Her family's class status was a special privilege that was afforded to them through their talent and their location. After an influx of free blacks began making a home in Philadelphia, the available jobs were generally physically hard and low-paying. Only a few people were able to find desirable jobs
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After the fire in 1910, Warrick Fuller built a studio in the back of her house, something which her husband strongly opposed. Between domestic duties, she found herself inspired by her religion and began to sculpt traditional biblical scenes. Warrick believed making art was her divine calling so her
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where they were one of the first black families to join the community. She continued to create works of art, against the stigma that she should settle down and become a housewife once she and her husband had three children one of which, her son Perry, went on to become a sculptor as well. Prominent
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Warrick Fuller made significant contributions to theater. She was a multi-faceted designer, director, and actress. One of her focuses was stage lighting, which was not considered a true art form until the late 1920s; moreover, lighting design was dominated by men. Fuller was able to design for both
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In February 1907, Warrick secured a contract to create 14 dioramas depicting the African-American experience. At the time, it was described as the "Historic Tableaux of the Negroes' Progress." Historian W. Fitzhugh Brundage has described Fuller's tableaux as one that suggested "the expansiveness of
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Returning to Philadelphia in 1903, Warrick was shunned by members of the Philadelphia art scene because of her race and because her art was considered "domestic." However, Fuller became the first African-American woman to receive a U.S. government commission. For this award, she created a series of
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with her father, who was interested in sculpture and painting. Her older sister, who later became a beautician like their mother, kept clay that Meta was able to use to create art. She was enrolled in 1893 in the Girls' High School in Philadelphia, where she studied art as well as academic courses.
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was an African-American stage production where Fuller designed costumes while also performing a small role. She became active in the Civic League Players (CLS) in the late 1920s and was the only African-American in the organization. With the CLS, Fuller worked on over thirty shows in all different
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in Philadelphia in 1906. She exhibited there again in 1908. In 1910, a fire at a warehouse in Philadelphia, where she kept tools and stored numerous paintings and sculptures, destroyed her belongings; she lost 16 years' worth of work. Among her oeuvre, only a few early works stored elsewhere were
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in 1921. This event was meant to highlight immigrants' contributions to US artistic society and culture. This sculpture was featured in the exhibition's "colored section," and it symbolized a new black identity that was emerging through the Harlem Renaissance. It represented the pride of African
241:, Warrick was known for being a poet, painter, theater designer, and sculptor of the black American experience. At the turn of the 20th century, she achieved a reputation as the first black woman sculptor and was a well-known sculptor in Paris before returning to the United States. 752:. Within the community, Warrick Fuller helped establish and was involved in the lighting of productions put on by the Framingham Dramatic Society. She was an active member of the St. Andrew's Episcopal Church where she directed and costumed their plays and pageants. 343:
College of Art and Design) in 1894, where her gift for sculpture emerged. In an act of independence and nonconformity as an up-and-coming woman artist, Warrick defied traditionally "feminine" themes by sculpting pieces influenced by the gruesome imagery found in the
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limited social progress of African Americans into the 20th century. Despite this, Warrick's parents were able to find creative success amongst the "vibrant political, cultural, and economic center" the African-American community of Philadelphia had established.
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African-American and white theater companies, which was unheard of at the time. In 1918, she joined theater organizations in Boston, Massachusetts. She was known for her paintings of "living pictures" as well as the creation of props, scenery, and masks.
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Despite being faced with sexism and racism, Meta’s genius shone throughout her life and work as she carried herself with pride and dignity that is evident in her timeless pieces of art which are now displayed in various places around the
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Her brother and grandfather entertained and fascinated her with endless horror stories. These influences partly shaped her sculpture, as she eventually developed as an internationally trained artist known as "the sculptor of horrors."
446:, which received a $ 40,000 grant from the Henry Luce Foundation to safeguard Warrick Fuller's work, states that Fuller is "generally considered one of the first African-American female sculptors of importance." 316:
Warrick was among the few gifted artists selected from the Philadelphia public schools to study art and design at J. Liberty Tadd's art program at the Philadelphia School of Industrial Art in the early 1890s.
248:, and has been described as "one of the most imaginative Black artists of her generation." Through adopting a horror-based figural style and choosing to depict events of racial injustice, like the lynching of 385:. Warrick had to deal with racial discrimination at the American Women's Club in Paris, where she was refused lodging although she had made reservations before arriving in the city. African-American painter 280:, one of her mother's customers. Her maternal grandfather, Henry Jones, was a successful caterer in the city. Both of her parents were considered to have influential positions in African-American society. 2891: 831:
has a large collection of Fuller's sculptures, including many unfinished works from her home studio. Many were exhibited in a solo retrospective show of her work from November 2008 to May 2009.
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Warrick created works of the African-American experience that were revolutionary. They touched on the complexities of nature, religion, identity, and nation. She is considered part of the
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The federal commissions kept her employed, but she did not receive as much encouragement in the US as she had in Paris. Fuller continued to exhibit her work until her last show (1961) at
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black abilities, aspirations and experiences, a cogent alternative to white representations of history." Warrick's tableaux were given prominent display in the Negro Building at the
2473: 396:, she became so adept at depicting the spirituality of human suffering that the French press named her "the delicate sculptor of horrors." In 1902, she became the protege of 1775: 554:, where they occupied 15,000 square feet. Each scene consisted of painted plaster figures and extensive painted backdrops. The 14 tableaux depicted the following: the 276:
and caterer. Her father owned several barber shops and her mother owned her own beauty salon. Warrick was, in fact, named after Meta Vaux, the daughter of Senator
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in Paris. Her sculpture depicted human suffering. (Historical Marker at 254 S. 12th St. Philadelphia PA - Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission 1991)
3909: 2149: 836: 890:, small maquette cast in plaster and painted to resemble bronze, c. 1921, 13 × 3 1/2 × 3 7/8 in., National Museum of African American History and Culture. 2978: 2832: 852: 1932: 336: 311:. Warrick's art education and art influences began at home, nurtured from childhood by her older sister Blanche, who studied art, and visits to 3924: 3919: 3904: 2877: 307:
Due to her parents' success, she was given access to various cultural and educational opportunities. Warrick trained in art, music, dance and
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Warrick Fuller's work has received new interest since the late 20th century. Her work was featured in 1988 in a traveling exhibition at the
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Her date of death is also stated as March 18, 1968, but there are newspaper articles from March 13 that stated she died on that day.
3889: 481:'s Salon de l'Art Nouveau (Maison de l'Art Nouveau). In 1903, just before Warrick returned to the United States, two of her works, 1949:
Brundage, W. Fitzhugh (March 2003). "Meta Warrick's 1907 'Negro Tableaux' and (Re)presenting African American Historical Memory".
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Arna Alexander Bontemps; Jacqueline Fonvielle-Bontemps, eds. (2001). "African-American Women Artists: An Historical Perspective".
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Women of Achievement: Written for the Fireside Schools, under the Auspices of the Woman's American Baptist Home Mission Society
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Brundage, W. Fitzhugh (2003). "Meta Warrick's 1907 'Negro Tableaux' and (Re)Presenting African American Historical Memory".
3899: 3011: 1823:"'The people... took exception to her remarks': Meta Warrick Fuller, Angelina Weld Grimké, and the Lynching of Mary Turner" 1441: 3894: 3120: 2999: 2269: 3854: 3114: 2818: 563: 2233:
Armstrong, Julie Buckner (2011). "Mary Turner, Hidden Memory, and Narrative Possibility". In Simien, Evelyn M. (ed.).
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bronze sculpture, 1937, Museum of Afro-American History, Boston, Massachusetts. Kneeling male figure facing a skull
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Meta V.W. Fuller (1877–1968). One of the leading Black female sculptors in America. She lived here, studied at the
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era. At various times, she was a literary sculptor, at others a creator of portrait art - which she studied under
3879: 3063: 2937: 2523: 2498: 743:, Dr. Fuller was one of the first black psychiatrists in the United States. The couple settled on Warren Road in 442:, a flourishing in New York of African Americans making art of various genres, literature, plays and poetry. The 332: 2153: 331:
Warrick's career as an artist began after one of her high-school projects was chosen to be included in the 1893
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Warrick's work grew stronger in Paris, where she studied until 1902. Influenced by the conceptual realism of
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bronze sculpture, greenish-black patina, with hand incorrectly placed flush with the figure's side,
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New Negro Artists in Paris: African American Painters and Sculptors in the City of Light, 1922–1934
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Beach, Caitlin (2015). "Meta Warrick Fuller's Mary Turner: and the Memory of Mob Violence".
1616:"How is Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller's "Ethiopia Awakening" a symbol of the Harlem Renaissance?" 903:, 67 x 16 x 20 in., Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, New York Public Library. 404:
Rodin remarked, "My child, you are a sculptor; you have the sense of form in your fingers."
378: 268:, on June 9, 1877. Her parents were Emma (née Jones) Warrick, an accomplished wig maker and 91: 3849: 3844: 3653: 3551: 3170: 1615: 1477: 551: 503: 2801: 945:
painted plaster sculpture, 1905–1906. It represents a kneeling male nude eating his heart.
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painted plaster sculpture, 1919, Museum of Afro-American History, Boston, Massachusetts
805: 681: 641:. Her work was included in an exhibition for the Tanner League, held in the studios of 567: 517: 439: 285: 238: 123: 2781:
Schneider, Erika. (2022). “Asserting Agency: Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller’s Scrapbook,” '
2430: 1090:"Negro Girl Wins Fame Is The Only Sculptress Of The Colored Race. Meta Vaux Warrick." 3748: 3708: 3597: 3263: 2718: 2705: 2691: 2634: 2603: 2596: 2346: 2246: 2062: 2049: 2002: 1992: 1882: 1872: 1842: 1746: 1723: 1693: 1413: 1353: 1283: 1239: 1161: 1151: 1118: 1026: 817: 650: 1117:. Keyworks in Cultural Studies. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell. pp. 133–137. 1112: 459: 374: 296: 3731: 3556: 3521: 3516: 3481: 3421: 3150: 3140: 2751: 2729:
God-Given Work: The Life and Times of Sculptor Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller, 1877-1968,
2659: 2622: 2338: 2238: 2207: 2123: 2088: 2029: 1958: 1800: 1041: 813: 646: 466: 230: 183: 3471: 3411: 427: 252:, Warrick used her platform to address the societal traumas of African Americans. 3635: 3612: 3561: 3531: 3441: 3243: 3238: 3145: 2771: 1692:. The James McNeill Whistler project at the University of Glasgow. Archived from 1601: 1506: 1486: 1133:, another African-American sculptor from Philadelphia, who was also born in 1877. 828: 455: 443: 2679: 2184: 1853: 3809: 3618: 3602: 3506: 3431: 3416: 1190: 1046: 1036: 478: 355: 860:, c. 1921, small maquette (location unknown), reproduced in Robert T. Kerlin, 3838: 3736: 3541: 3526: 3436: 3190: 3078: 2932: 2626: 2006: 1886: 1243: 1165: 797: 397: 393: 308: 289: 245: 57: 2810: 2242: 3821: 3773: 3743: 3713: 3689: 3566: 3511: 3461: 3446: 3180: 3068: 2638: 1230:
Hoover, Velma J. (1977). "Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller: Her Life and Her Art".
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An Independent Woman: The Life and Art of Meta Warrick Fuller (1877-1968).
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Three Generations of African American Women Sculptors: A Study in Paradox,
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in Chicago. Based upon this work, she won a four-year scholarship to the
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Ater, Renée (2003). "Making History: Meta Warrick Fuller's 'Ethiopia'".
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as ministers, physicians, barbers, teachers, and caterers. During the
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Warrick Fuller died on March 13, 1968, at Cardinal Cushing Hospital in
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3 Generations of African American Women Sculptors: A Study in Paradox,
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Perkins, Kathy A. (Spring 1990). "The Genius of Meta Warrick Fuller".
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Creating Their Own Image The History Of African American Women Artists
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SIRIS database search. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2014-05-11.
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being cast out didn't discourage her reignited motivation to create.
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Framingham, MA: Danforth Museum of Art. 1984. Exhibition catalogue.
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Notable American Women: The Modern Period; a Biographical Dictionary
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Panorama: Journal of the Association of Historians of American Art
1991:. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 103, 163n11. 1638: 1636: 957:
cast bronze sculpture, 1962, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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for upperclass white women, and William H. Warrick, a successful
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Remaking Race and History: The Sculpture of Meta Warrick Fuller.
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bronze sculpture, Maryhill Museum of Art, Goldendale, Washington
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Perkins, Kathy A. (1990). "The Genius of Meta Warrick Fuller".
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Ater, Renée (2003). "Fuller [née Warrick], Meta Vaux".
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Perkins, Kathy A. (1990). "The Genius of Meta Warrick Fuller".
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Perkins, Kathy A. (1990). "The Genius of Meta Warrick Fuller".
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Remaking Race and History: The Sculpture of Meta Warrick Fuller
1747:"The Industrial History of the Negro Race of the United States" 1633: 1527: 1148:
Remaking Race and History: The Sculpture of Meta Warrick Fuller
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tableaux depicting African-American historical events for the
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Hall of Black Achievement. November 17, 2005. Archived from
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Now is Your Time! The African-American Struggle for Freedom.
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preserved. The losses were emotionally devastating for her.
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Now Is Your Time! The African-American Struggle for Freedom
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250 years of Afro-American Art: An Annotated Bibliography
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National Museum of African American History & Culture
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Wilson, H.W. (1998). "African American Women Sculptors".
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Her poem "Departure" was included in the 1991 collection
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African-American people visited their house, as did the
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Meta Warrick Fuller : Sculptures from the Studio.
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Encyclopedia of African American History: 5-Volume Set
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Americans in African and black heritage and identity.
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statue at the intersection of Main St. and Union Ave.
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Van Proyen, Mark (1988). "Trail Blazers in Harlem".
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Mary Turner (A Silent Protest Against Mob Violence),
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We Speak: Black Artists in Philadelphia, 1920s-1970s
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While on the shores my friends and loved ones stand.
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Rhapsodies in Black: Art of the Harlem Renaissance,
2359: 1543:"Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller, 1877 – 1968 | Reid Hall" 1129:The editors compare Warrick with her contemporary, 597:in 1920. She created one of her most famous works, 200: 186: 1505: 834:Fuller's work was included in the 2015 exhibition 1341: 1339: 1337: 1335: 637:In 1922, Fuller showed her sculpture work at the 3836: 2595:Berkeley: University of California Press. 2011. 1503: 566:; a slave defending his owner's home during the 337:Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art 1720:The African Diaspora: A History Through Culture 544: 1867:Chandler, Robin M. (2013). Gaze, Delia (ed.). 1346:Sicherman, Barbara; Green, Carol Hurd (1980). 1345: 1332: 3358: 2840: 2826: 1933:Woman's American Baptist Home Mission Society 1565: 1563: 1412:. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 280. 992:. Hunched male figure with a cane in his hand 365:Upon graduation in 1899, Warrick traveled to 3860:University of the Arts (Philadelphia) alumni 1776:"Meta V.W. Fuller, sculptor of Black themes" 1401: 1399: 1150:. Berkeley: University of California Press. 671:I see the barque afloat upon the ebbing tide 3910:20th-century African-American women writers 3875:American alumni of the École des Beaux-Arts 2528:New York Public Library Digital Collections 2503:New York Public Library Digital Collections 1770: 1768: 1473: 1471: 1469: 1467: 1465: 1463: 690:Oh, may the voyage not be arduous nor long, 3365: 3351: 2833: 2819: 2294: 1713: 1711: 1569: 1560: 1275: 1108: 1106: 1104: 377:, working on sculpture and anatomy at the 2688:Harlem Renaissance: Art of Black America, 2411: 2409: 2407: 2343:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t030178 2232: 1820: 1499: 1497: 1495: 1435: 1433: 1431: 1429: 1405: 1396: 1352:. Harvard University Press. p. 255. 915:painted plaster sculpture, Danfort Museum 699:The wondrous vision of the Master's face. 2901: 2649: 2615:Nka: Journal of Contemporary African Art 2405: 2403: 2401: 2399: 2397: 2395: 2393: 2391: 2389: 2387: 1948: 1866: 1765: 1460: 1094:(Wichita, Kansas), November 8, 1902: 1. 851: 787: 668:The time is near (reluctance laid aside) 580: 426: 411: 295: 229:; June 9, 1877 – March 13, 1968) was an 2790:https://doi.org/10.24926/24716839.15090 2741: 2574:"'Ravages' Unveiling Oct. 15 at WVSC." 2431:"Emancipation Â» Public Art Boston" 2264: 2262: 2197: 2142: 2113: 2078: 1924: 1717: 1708: 1101: 693:But echoing with chant and joyful song, 677:I wave to them a cheerful parting hand, 454:In Paris, she met American sociologist 150: 1907; died 1953) 3837: 2547: 2313: 2237:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 15–35. 2150:"Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller (1877-1968)" 1809:Selected Works of Angelina Weld GrimkĂ© 1647:. Associated Press. 1923. p. C25. 1570:Sutherland, Claudia (March 12, 2007). 1492: 1446:Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance 1426: 1229: 1141: 1139: 696:May I behold with reverence and grace, 573: 3925:20th-century American women sculptors 3920:20th-century African-American writers 3905:20th-century African-American artists 3346: 2814: 2612: 2384: 1982: 1980: 1944: 1942: 1741: 1739: 1687: 1504:Leininger-Miller, Theresa A. (2001). 1489:Danforth Museum of Art. 11 May 2014. 1373: 1371: 1369: 1185: 1183: 1181: 1179: 1177: 1175: 1066: 1064: 1062: 961:Peace Halting the Ruthlessness of War 794:Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts 595:Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts 533:Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts 510:and the home lives of black peoples. 360:Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts 313:Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts 301:Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts 260:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller was born in 2892:Nationally listed historic buildings 2332: 2259: 2019: 1986: 1871:. New York: Routledge. p. 304. 1512:. Rutgers University Press. p.  1439: 1383:Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia 1271: 1269: 1267: 1265: 1263: 1261: 1225: 1223: 1221: 1219: 1217: 1215: 1213: 1211: 1145: 520:of a young, pregnant black woman in 3915:20th-century American women writers 3121:Massachusetts Bay Community College 3034:Performing Arts Center of Metrowest 3000:Boston and Worcester Street Railway 2270:"Obituary Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller" 1925:Brawley, Benjamin Griffith (1919). 1869:Concise Dictionary of Women Artists 1643:"A Harlem Showcase for Black Art". 1547:reidhall.globalcenters.columbia.edu 1136: 1096:Readex: African American Newspapers 508:slaves arriving in Virginia in 1619 13: 3374:New Woman of the late 19th century 2700:Igoe, Lynn Moody with James Igoe, 2152:. Uncrowned Queens. Archived from 1977: 1939: 1736: 1366: 1195:American National Biography Online 1172: 1059: 564:African Methodist Episcopal Church 504:Jamestown Tercentennial Exposition 14: 3941: 2795: 2548:Girard, Caroline (July 8, 2022). 1572:"Meta Warrick Fuller (1877-1968)" 1258: 1208: 1115:Black Feminist Cultural Criticism 400:. Of her plaster sketch entitled 3930:African-American women sculptors 1803:(Oxford University Press, 1991), 970:Phyllis Wheatley (c. 1753-1784), 726: 687:And turn and wave again to them. 496: 182: 37:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller in 1910 31: 3890:20th-century American sculptors 2744:Black American Literature Forum 2652:The Journal of American History 2585: 2568: 2541: 2516: 2491: 2466: 2448: 2423: 2326: 2307: 2288: 2226: 2200:Black American Literature Forum 2191: 2168: 2116:Black American Literature Forum 2107: 2081:Black American Literature Forum 2072: 2056: 2013: 1951:The Journal of American History 1918: 1893: 1860: 1814: 1794: 1681: 1651: 1608: 1585: 1535: 1520: 909:painted plaster sculpture, 1928 872:painted plaster sculpture, 1930 147: 1084: 539: 423:painted plaster sculpture,1919 1: 3621:(Mary Chavelita Dunne Bright) 2933:Commonwealth of Massachusetts 2460:Boston Women's Heritage Trail 1532:XXXII, 6 (October 1926), 246. 1077: 1005: 986: 973: 934: 897: 882:Boston Women's Heritage Trail 255: 90:, College of Art and Design, 3760:The Case of Rebellious Susan 2276:. March 13, 1968. p. 30 1688:Thorp, Nigel (May 8, 2007). 1379:"African American Migration" 653:(Washington, D.C.) in 1961. 545:1907 Jamestown Tercentennial 333:World's Columbian Exposition 326: 7: 3900:Sculptors from Pennsylvania 3726:The Story of a Modern Woman 3105:Framingham State University 3006:Framingham Railroad Station 1690:"Siegfried Bing, 1838–1905" 1020: 1004:painted plaster sculpture, 972:painted plaster sculpture, 965:West Virginia State College 862:Negro Poets and their Poems 611:America's Making Exhibition 556:landing of the first slaves 237:themes. At the fore of the 16:American artist (1877–1968) 10: 3946: 3895:African-American sculptors 3583:Elizabeth Barrett Browning 3452:Jennie Augusta Brownscombe 2959:Massachusetts State Police 2704:. New York: Bowker, 1981. 2686:Driskell, David C. et al. 1659:"Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller" 1191:"Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller" 856:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller, 703: 585:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller, 416:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller, 341:The University of the Arts 244:Warrick was a protĂ©gĂ©e of 54:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 3865:AcadĂ©mie Colarossi alumni 3855:Artists from Philadelphia 3662: 3644: 3575: 3427:Sophie Gengembre Anderson 3404: 3381: 3292: 3231: 3133: 3087: 3056: 3025: 3008:(MBTA and Amtrak station) 2992: 2951: 2925: 2916: 2899: 2848: 2842:Framingham, Massachusetts 1827:The Mississippi Quarterly 1821:Armstrong, Julie (2008). 1718:Manning, Patrick (2009). 1663:Bridgewater State College 1448:. New York: Facts On File 1442:"Fuller, Meta V. Warrick" 1319:Framingham History Center 1276:Farrington, Lisa (2005). 943:Man Eating Out His Heart, 783:Framingham History Center 771: 766:Framingham, Massachusetts 745:Framingham, Massachusetts 733:Dr. Solomon Carter Fuller 731:In 1907, Warrick married 656: 531:Warrick exhibited at the 524:. Fuller's contemporary, 475:Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec 407: 373:, where she studied with 165: 157: 129: 119: 101: 83: 76:Framingham, Massachusetts 64: 42: 30: 23: 3798:Mrs. Warren's Profession 3497:Wilhelmina Weber Furlong 3249:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller 3176:MetroWest Medical Center 2734:King-Hammond, L. et al. 2627:10.1215/10757163-2914284 1440:West, Sandra L. (2003). 1406:Finkelman, Paul (2009). 1052: 931:Lazy Bones in the Shade, 847: 759: 680:Then take my place with 593:Fuller exhibited at the 589:, bronze sculpture, 1910 516:was her response to the 449: 178:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller 25:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller 3502:Elizabeth Shippen Green 3492:Susan Stuart Frackelton 3279:Charles Henry Parkhurst 3048:Sudbury Valley Trustees 2770:Powell, Richard J. and 2576:The Charleston Gazette, 2435:www.publicartboston.com 2243:10.1057/9781137001221_2 552:Jamestown Tercentennial 522:Lowndes County, Georgia 465:Samuel Bing, patron of 3880:African-American poets 3678:The Portrait of a Lady 3477:Alice Brown Chittenden 3457:Julia Margaret Cameron 3100:Framingham High School 3038:Framingham Heart Study 2969:Massachusetts Turnpike 2910: 1232:Negro History Bulletin 1032:Sargent Claude Johnson 865: 801: 786: 724: 590: 489:were exhibited at the 435: 424: 304: 233:artist who celebrated 88:University of the Arts 3786:The Romance of a Shop 3537:Elizabeth Okie Paxton 3386:19th-century feminism 3254:Solomon Carter Fuller 2905: 2802:"Meta Warrick Fuller" 1315:"Meta Warrick Fuller" 855: 808:, along with artists 791: 775: 720: 716:A Call After Midnight 639:Boston Public Library 622:'s wrappings, like a 584: 487:The Impenitent Thief, 430: 415: 402:Man Eating His Heart, 299: 136:Solomon Carter Fuller 3870:American women poets 3681:(serialized 1880–81) 3654:Alice Freeman Palmer 3552:Jessie Willcox Smith 3171:MetroWest Daily News 2524:"Ethiopia Awakening" 2499:"Ethiopia Awakening" 2417:Meta Warrick Fuller. 1987:Ater, RenĂ©e (2011). 1146:Ater, RenĂ©e (2011). 824:in Georgia in 1998. 526:Angelina Weld GrimkĂ© 383:École des Beaux-Arts 96:École des Beaux-Arts 3805:George Bernard Shaw 3793:George Bernard Shaw 3721:Ella Hepworth Dixon 3608:Ella Hepworth Dixon 3547:Pamela Colman Smith 3487:Emma Lampert Cooper 3391:First-wave feminism 3259:George Henry Gordon 3166:Framingham Assembly 3095:Bethany Hill School 3064:The Golden Triangle 3043:Garden in the Woods 2738:Philadelphia, 1996. 2554:La Tribune de l'Art 2371:Woodmere Art Museum 2316:American Art Review 2235:Gender and Lynching 1596:. August 12, 2015. 1092:Wichita Searchlight 894:Ethiopia Awakening, 842:Woodmere Art Museum 737:Alzheimer's disease 387:Henry Ossawa Tanner 381:and drawing at the 3885:Harlem Renaissance 3756:Henry Arthur Jones 3467:Minerva J. Chapman 3376:(born before 1880) 3115:Marian High School 2911: 2885:Historic buildings 1696:on January 2, 2008 1645:The New York Times 1485:2014-05-12 at the 1131:May Howard Jackson 1002:The Good Shepherd, 983:Refugee, sculpture 919:La petite danseuse 866: 858:Ethiopia Awakening 806:Crocker Art Museum 802: 643:Dunbar High School 603:Ethiopia Awakening 591: 440:Harlem Renaissance 436: 425: 379:AcadĂ©mie Colarossi 305: 239:Harlem Renaissance 169:William H. Warrick 124:Harlem Renaissance 92:AcadĂ©mie Colarossi 3832: 3831: 3777:(serialized 1878) 3685:Elizabeth Barrett 3671:Isabel Archer in 3598:Annie Sophie Cory 3340: 3339: 3264:Christa McAuliffe 3129: 3128: 2639:Project MUSE 2352:978-1-884446-05-4 2335:Oxford Art Online 2252:978-1-137-00122-1 2063:Walter Dean Myers 1998:978-0-520-26212-6 1878:978-0-203-05880-0 1801:Herron, Carolivia 1782:on March 17, 2008 1729:978-0-231-14471-1 1419:978-0-19-516779-5 1359:978-0-674-62733-8 1289:978-0-19-516721-4 1157:978-0-520-26212-6 1027:Lois Mailou Jones 955:Mother and Child, 818:James Van Der Zee 651:Howard University 227:Meta Vaux Warrick 175: 174: 47:Meta Vaux Warrick 3937: 3732:Gustave Flaubert 3663:Literature about 3622: 3557:Annie Swynnerton 3522:Elizabeth Nourse 3517:Anna Lea Merritt 3482:Elizabeth Coffin 3422:Nina E. Allender 3367: 3360: 3353: 3344: 3343: 3151:Cumberland Farms 2938:Middlesex County 2923: 2922: 2835: 2828: 2821: 2812: 2811: 2767: 2690:New York, 1994. 2683: 2658:(4): 1368–1400. 2646: 2579: 2572: 2566: 2565: 2563: 2561: 2545: 2539: 2538: 2536: 2534: 2520: 2514: 2513: 2511: 2509: 2495: 2489: 2488: 2486: 2484: 2470: 2464: 2463: 2452: 2446: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2427: 2421: 2413: 2382: 2381: 2379: 2377: 2363: 2357: 2356: 2330: 2324: 2323: 2311: 2305: 2304: 2292: 2286: 2285: 2283: 2281: 2274:The Boston Globe 2266: 2257: 2256: 2230: 2224: 2223: 2195: 2189: 2188: 2179:. 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Hayden 784: 647:Washington, D.C. 467:Aubrey Beardsley 350:movement of the 309:horseback riding 231:African-American 222: 218: 213: 212: 209: 208: 205: 202: 198: 197: 194: 191: 188: 151: 149: 71: 35: 21: 20: 3945: 3944: 3940: 3939: 3938: 3936: 3935: 3934: 3835: 3834: 3833: 3828: 3664: 3658: 3640: 3636:Olive Schreiner 3617: 3613:Maria Edgeworth 3571: 3562:Candace Wheeler 3442:Enella Benedict 3400: 3396:Women's history 3377: 3371: 3341: 3336: 3294: 3288: 3244:Thomas Danforth 3239:Crispus Attucks 3227: 3216:TJ Maxx/TK Maxx 3125: 3083: 3052: 3027: 3021: 2988: 2947: 2918: 2912: 2897: 2844: 2839: 2798: 2772:David A. Bailey 2756:10.2307/2904066 2664:10.2307/3092547 2588: 2583: 2582: 2573: 2569: 2559: 2557: 2546: 2542: 2532: 2530: 2522: 2521: 2517: 2507: 2505: 2497: 2496: 2492: 2482: 2480: 2472: 2471: 2467: 2454: 2453: 2449: 2439: 2437: 2429: 2428: 2424: 2414: 2385: 2375: 2373: 2365: 2364: 2360: 2353: 2331: 2327: 2312: 2308: 2293: 2289: 2279: 2277: 2268: 2267: 2260: 2253: 2231: 2227: 2212:10.2307/2904066 2196: 2192: 2174: 2173: 2169: 2159: 2157: 2156:on May 28, 2010 2148: 2147: 2143: 2128:10.2307/2904066 2112: 2108: 2093:10.2307/2904066 2077: 2073: 2061: 2057: 2018: 2014: 1999: 1985: 1978: 1963:10.2307/3092547 1947: 1940: 1923: 1919: 1909: 1907: 1899: 1898: 1894: 1879: 1865: 1861: 1819: 1815: 1799: 1795: 1785: 1783: 1774: 1773: 1766: 1756: 1754: 1745: 1744: 1737: 1730: 1716: 1709: 1699: 1697: 1686: 1682: 1672: 1670: 1657: 1656: 1652: 1642: 1641: 1634: 1624: 1622: 1614: 1613: 1609: 1591: 1590: 1586: 1576: 1574: 1568: 1561: 1551: 1549: 1541: 1540: 1536: 1525: 1521: 1502: 1493: 1487:Wayback Machine 1476: 1461: 1451: 1449: 1438: 1427: 1420: 1404: 1397: 1387: 1385: 1377: 1376: 1367: 1360: 1344: 1333: 1323: 1321: 1313: 1312: 1297: 1290: 1274: 1259: 1228: 1209: 1199: 1197: 1189: 1188: 1173: 1158: 1144: 1137: 1125: 1111: 1102: 1089: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1074: 1069: 1060: 1055: 1023: 1016:sculpture, 1930 1008: 989: 976: 937: 925:Les Miserables, 900: 850: 829:Danforth Museum 785: 782: 774: 762: 729: 706: 659: 601:(also known as 579: 547: 542: 499: 456:W. 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DuBois 452: 444:Danforth Museum 410: 329: 323: 258: 220: 216: 199: 185: 181: 170: 153: 145: 141: 138: 79: 73: 69: 60: 51: 49: 48: 38: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3943: 3933: 3932: 3927: 3922: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3902: 3897: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3867: 3862: 3857: 3852: 3847: 3830: 3829: 3827: 3826: 3814: 3802: 3790: 3778: 3763: 3753: 3749:A Doll's House 3741: 3729: 3718: 3709:Victoria Cross 3706: 3694: 3682: 3668: 3666: 3660: 3659: 3657: 3656: 3650: 3648: 3642: 3641: 3639: 3638: 3633: 3628: 3623: 3619:George Egerton 3615: 3610: 3605: 3600: 3595: 3590: 3585: 3579: 3577: 3573: 3572: 3570: 3569: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3539: 3534: 3529: 3524: 3519: 3514: 3509: 3507:Ellen Day Hale 3504: 3499: 3494: 3489: 3484: 3479: 3474: 3469: 3464: 3459: 3454: 3449: 3444: 3439: 3434: 3432:Cornelia Barns 3429: 3424: 3419: 3417:Elenore Abbott 3414: 3408: 3406: 3402: 3401: 3399: 3398: 3393: 3388: 3382: 3379: 3378: 3370: 3369: 3362: 3355: 3347: 3338: 3337: 3335: 3334: 3329: 3324: 3319: 3314: 3309: 3304: 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Wells 3766:Henry James 3697:Kate Chopin 3673:Henry James 3626:Sarah Grand 3603:Ella D'Arcy 3593:Kate Chopin 3307:Marlborough 3295:Communities 3293:Neighboring 3284:Peter Salem 2556:(in French) 2456:"South End" 1751:Archive.org 1625:November 9, 990: 1940 977: 1925 938: 1937 933:sculpture, 901: 1921 540:Exhibitions 514:Mary Turner 491:Paris Salon 419:Mary Turner 250:Mary Turner 235:Afrocentric 3839:Categories 3588:Mona Caird 3269:John Nixon 3134:Businesses 3074:Saxonville 3026:Arts & 2864:Government 2696:0810910993 2474:"Ethiopia" 2322:: 162–165. 1847:A201711268 1602:1703211372 1124:0631222391 1078:References 870:Bacchante, 739:. Born in 711:The Answer 577:and beyond 270:beautician 256:Early life 171:Emma Jones 3646:Educators 3211:Marshalls 3206:HomeGoods 3028:Community 2943:MetroWest 2907:Minuteman 2871:Education 2727:Kerr, N. 2710:760970440 2680:224897722 2635:192667152 2608:775736931 2185:371634213 2160:March 30, 2050:193223983 2007:775736931 1910:March 27, 1887:900235870 1854:213525549 1786:March 29, 1757:April 13, 1700:March 30, 1673:March 30, 1620:ThoughtCo 1552:March 27, 1452:March 28, 1244:0028-2529 1200:March 11, 1166:775736931 1014:Waterboy, 624:chrysalis 568:Civil War 560:Jamestown 432:Dark Hero 352:Symbolist 327:Education 303:(c. 1895) 166:Parent(s) 84:Education 3781:Amy Levy 3631:Amy Levy 3322:Sherborn 3201:AJWright 3117:(closed) 3017:MassPort 3002:(former) 2974:The MWRA 2952:Agencies 2926:Location 2919:Subjects 2878:Religion 2849:Articles 2723:17576775 2676:ProQuest 2440:April 1, 2181:ProQuest 1905:Panorama 1850:ProQuest 1839:26476644 1598:ProQuest 1577:March 7, 1483:Archived 1252:44176711 1021:See also 888:Ethiopia 781:—  632:Ethiopia 616:Ethiopia 599:Ethiopia 587:Ethiopia 575:Ethiopia 158:Children 120:Movement 106:Sculptor 3810:Candida 3770:novella 3576:Writers 3405:Artists 3332:Wayland 3327:Sudbury 3302:Ashland 3088:Schools 2917:Related 2764:2904066 2672:3092547 2560:July 8, 2376:June 4, 2297:Artweek 2280:June 6, 2220:2904066 2136:2904066 2101:2904066 2069:, 1991. 2042:1215807 1971:3092547 1811:, p. 5. 840:at the 741:Liberia 704:Theater 626:from a 358:at the 225:; born 152:​ 144:​ 140:​ 110:painter 3825:(1909) 3813:(1898) 3801:(1893) 3789:(1888) 3762:(1894) 3752:(1879) 3740:(1856) 3717:(1901) 3705:(1899) 3693:(1856) 3312:Natick 3232:People 3057:Places 2762:  2721:  2708:  2694:  2678:  2670:  2643:583920 2641:  2633:  2606:  2599:  2349:  2249:  2218:  2183:  2134:  2099:  2048:  2040:  2005:  1995:  1969:  1885:  1875:  1852:  1845:  1837:  1753:. 1908 1726:  1600:  1528:Crisis 1416:  1388:May 6, 1356:  1324:May 5, 1286:  1250:  1242:  1164:  1154:  1121:  913:Jason, 772:Legacy 682:Charon 657:Poetry 628:cocoon 473:, and 408:Career 371:France 274:barber 130:Spouse 78:, U.S. 3221:Zayre 3012:MWRTA 2788:(2). 2778:1997. 2760:JSTOR 2668:JSTOR 2631:S2CID 2216:JSTOR 2132:JSTOR 2097:JSTOR 2046:S2CID 2038:JSTOR 1967:JSTOR 1835:JSTOR 1248:JSTOR 1053:Notes 848:Works 760:Death 620:mummy 450:Paris 398:Rodin 367:Paris 339:(now 146:( 142: 3141:Bose 3109:Rams 2984:SMOC 2964:MEMA 2857:Main 2719:OCLC 2706:OCLC 2692:ISBN 2604:OCLC 2597:ISBN 2562:2022 2535:2020 2510:2020 2485:2020 2442:2016 2378:2022 2347:ISBN 2303:(1). 2282:2023 2247:ISBN 2162:2008 2003:OCLC 1993:ISBN 1912:2024 1883:OCLC 1873:ISBN 1843:Gale 1788:2008 1759:2018 1724:ISBN 1702:2008 1675:2008 1627:2017 1579:2020 1554:2024 1454:2014 1414:ISBN 1390:2020 1354:ISBN 1326:2020 1284:ISBN 1240:ISSN 1202:2017 1162:OCLC 1152:ISBN 1119:ISBN 827:The 816:and 778:U.S. 609:for 485:and 219:-tə 114:poet 65:Died 58:U.S. 43:Born 3807:'s 3795:'s 3783:'s 3758:'s 3746:'s 3734:'s 3723:'s 3699:'s 3687:'s 3675:'s 3196:TJX 3161:IDG 3156:IDC 2752:doi 2660:doi 2623:doi 2339:doi 2239:doi 2208:doi 2124:doi 2089:doi 2030:doi 1959:doi 1807:to 645:in 558:at 221:VOW 217:MEE 3841:: 3819:' 3768:' 3711:' 3146:CA 2774:. 2758:. 2748:24 2746:. 2674:. 2666:. 2656:89 2654:. 2637:. 2629:. 2619:36 2617:. 2552:. 2526:. 2501:. 2476:. 2458:. 2433:. 2386:^ 2369:. 2345:. 2337:. 2320:10 2318:. 2301:19 2299:. 2272:. 2261:^ 2245:. 2214:. 2204:24 2202:. 2130:. 2120:24 2118:. 2095:. 2085:24 2083:. 2065:, 2044:. 2036:. 2026:17 2024:. 2001:. 1979:^ 1965:. 1955:89 1953:. 1941:^ 1931:. 1903:. 1881:. 1841:. 1831:61 1829:. 1825:. 1767:^ 1749:. 1738:^ 1710:^ 1661:. 1635:^ 1618:. 1562:^ 1545:. 1494:^ 1462:^ 1444:. 1428:^ 1398:^ 1381:. 1368:^ 1334:^ 1317:. 1298:^ 1260:^ 1246:. 1236:40 1234:. 1210:^ 1193:. 1174:^ 1160:. 1138:^ 1103:^ 1098:. 1061:^ 1006:c. 987:c. 985:, 974:c. 935:c. 898:c. 844:. 812:, 768:. 493:. 469:, 369:, 264:, 207:aʊ 190:iː 148:m. 112:, 108:, 94:, 56:, 3366:e 3359:t 3352:v 3111:) 3107:( 2834:e 2827:t 2820:v 2807:. 2786:8 2766:. 2754:: 2682:. 2662:: 2645:. 2625:: 2564:. 2537:. 2512:. 2487:. 2462:. 2444:. 2380:. 2355:. 2341:: 2284:. 2255:. 2241:: 2222:. 2210:: 2187:. 2164:. 2138:. 2126:: 2103:. 2091:: 2052:. 2032:: 2009:. 1973:. 1961:: 1935:. 1914:. 1889:. 1856:. 1790:. 1761:. 1732:. 1704:. 1677:. 1629:. 1604:. 1581:. 1556:. 1530:, 1516:. 1514:9 1456:. 1422:. 1392:. 1362:. 1328:. 1292:. 1254:. 1204:. 1168:. 1127:. 884:. 718:: 607:, 605:) 421:, 210:/ 204:v 201:ˈ 196:ə 193:t 187:m 184:/ 180:( 161:3

Index


Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
U.S.
Framingham, Massachusetts
University of the Arts
Académie Colarossi
École des Beaux-Arts
Sculptor
painter
poet
Harlem Renaissance
Solomon Carter Fuller
/miːtəˈvaʊ/
MEE-tə VOW
African-American
Afrocentric
Harlem Renaissance
Auguste Rodin
Mary Turner
Philadelphia
Pennsylvania
beautician
barber
Richard Vaux
Reconstruction
Jim Crow laws

Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
horseback riding
Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts

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