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areas of production and taught workshops. In 1928, she was taking theater classes at
Wellesley College and Columbia University that focused on pageantry, lighting, and playwriting. After becoming less active in the CLS, Fuller joined a Black theater company called the Allied Arts Theatre Group (AATG) where she worked as a head designer, director, and board member. She was involved with the AATG until the founder's death in 1936. Even with her commitments of being an artist and working in theater, Fuller wrote at least six plays under the pseudonym, Danny Deaver. The following is an excerpt of stage directions in her production titled,
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462:. It was the "masculinity and primitive power" of her sculptures that drew the French crowds to her work and generated her acclaim. The Paris crowd was astonished that a woman could produce works that depicted such "horror, pain, and sorrow." It was a relief for Warrick that her gender wasn't an inhibitor of how the public reacted to her racially themed pieces, as it would be in the United States. By the end of her time in Paris, she was widely known and had had her works exhibited in many galleries.
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528:, wrote the short story "Goldie" based on this murder. Warrick's activism also spanned into feminist work. She participated in the Women's Peace Party and the Equal Suffrage Movement, but abruptly stopped once she realized that black women were not included in the fight for equal voting rights. She often sold pieces to fund voter registration campaigns in the South.
362:. Although she said that she could not specialize in African-American types, Fuller became one of the most effective chroniclers of the black experience within the United States. In 1898, she received her Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art diploma and teacher's certificate as well as a scholarship for an additional year of study.
570:; newly freed slaves building their own home; an independent black farmer, builder and contractor; a black businessman and banker; scenes inside a modern African-American home, church and school; and finally, a college commencement. For her work on the tableaux, Warrick was awarded a gold medal by the directors of the exposition.
722:"On the long hall table is a lamp, which the characters snap on and off, as they stop to look for mail, which is left in a receptacle for that purpose. The wall lights of the room are controlled by a switch at right of entrance, but these are of dull amber, the candle variety, the light is never bright."
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Her family's class status was a special privilege that was afforded to them through their talent and their location. After an influx of free blacks began making a home in
Philadelphia, the available jobs were generally physically hard and low-paying. Only a few people were able to find desirable jobs
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After the fire in 1910, Warrick Fuller built a studio in the back of her house, something which her husband strongly opposed. Between domestic duties, she found herself inspired by her religion and began to sculpt traditional biblical scenes. Warrick believed making art was her divine calling so her
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where they were one of the first black families to join the community. She continued to create works of art, against the stigma that she should settle down and become a housewife once she and her husband had three children one of which, her son Perry, went on to become a sculptor as well. Prominent
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Warrick Fuller made significant contributions to theater. She was a multi-faceted designer, director, and actress. One of her focuses was stage lighting, which was not considered a true art form until the late 1920s; moreover, lighting design was dominated by men. Fuller was able to design for both
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In
February 1907, Warrick secured a contract to create 14 dioramas depicting the African-American experience. At the time, it was described as the "Historic Tableaux of the Negroes' Progress." Historian W. Fitzhugh Brundage has described Fuller's tableaux as one that suggested "the expansiveness of
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Returning to
Philadelphia in 1903, Warrick was shunned by members of the Philadelphia art scene because of her race and because her art was considered "domestic." However, Fuller became the first African-American woman to receive a U.S. government commission. For this award, she created a series of
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with her father, who was interested in sculpture and painting. Her older sister, who later became a beautician like their mother, kept clay that Meta was able to use to create art. She was enrolled in 1893 in the Girls' High School in
Philadelphia, where she studied art as well as academic courses.
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was an
African-American stage production where Fuller designed costumes while also performing a small role. She became active in the Civic League Players (CLS) in the late 1920s and was the only African-American in the organization. With the CLS, Fuller worked on over thirty shows in all different
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in
Philadelphia in 1906. She exhibited there again in 1908. In 1910, a fire at a warehouse in Philadelphia, where she kept tools and stored numerous paintings and sculptures, destroyed her belongings; she lost 16 years' worth of work. Among her oeuvre, only a few early works stored elsewhere were
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in 1921. This event was meant to highlight immigrants' contributions to US artistic society and culture. This sculpture was featured in the exhibition's "colored section," and it symbolized a new black identity that was emerging through the Harlem
Renaissance. It represented the pride of African
241:, Warrick was known for being a poet, painter, theater designer, and sculptor of the black American experience. At the turn of the 20th century, she achieved a reputation as the first black woman sculptor and was a well-known sculptor in Paris before returning to the United States.
752:. Within the community, Warrick Fuller helped establish and was involved in the lighting of productions put on by the Framingham Dramatic Society. She was an active member of the St. Andrew's Episcopal Church where she directed and costumed their plays and pageants.
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College of Art and Design) in 1894, where her gift for sculpture emerged. In an act of independence and nonconformity as an up-and-coming woman artist, Warrick defied traditionally "feminine" themes by sculpting pieces influenced by the gruesome imagery found in the
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limited social progress of
African Americans into the 20th century. Despite this, Warrick's parents were able to find creative success amongst the "vibrant political, cultural, and economic center" the African-American community of Philadelphia had established.
458:, who became a lifelong friend and confidant. He encouraged Warrick to draw from African and African-American themes in her work. She met French sculptor Auguste Rodin, who encouraged her sculpting. Her real mentor was Henry Ossawa Tanner while learning from
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African-American and white theater companies, which was unheard of at the time. In 1918, she joined theater organizations in Boston, Massachusetts. She was known for her paintings of "living pictures" as well as the creation of props, scenery, and masks.
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Despite being faced with sexism and racism, Metaâs genius shone throughout her life and work as she carried herself with pride and dignity that is evident in her timeless pieces of art which are now displayed in various places around the
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Her brother and grandfather entertained and fascinated her with endless horror stories. These influences partly shaped her sculpture, as she eventually developed as an internationally trained artist known as "the sculptor of horrors."
446:, which received a $ 40,000 grant from the Henry Luce Foundation to safeguard Warrick Fuller's work, states that Fuller is "generally considered one of the first African-American female sculptors of importance."
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Warrick was among the few gifted artists selected from the
Philadelphia public schools to study art and design at J. Liberty Tadd's art program at the Philadelphia School of Industrial Art in the early 1890s.
248:, and has been described as "one of the most imaginative Black artists of her generation." Through adopting a horror-based figural style and choosing to depict events of racial injustice, like the lynching of
385:. Warrick had to deal with racial discrimination at the American Women's Club in Paris, where she was refused lodging although she had made reservations before arriving in the city. African-American painter
280:, one of her mother's customers. Her maternal grandfather, Henry Jones, was a successful caterer in the city. Both of her parents were considered to have influential positions in African-American society.
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has a large collection of Fuller's sculptures, including many unfinished works from her home studio. Many were exhibited in a solo retrospective show of her work from November 2008 to May 2009.
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Warrick created works of the African-American experience that were revolutionary. They touched on the complexities of nature, religion, identity, and nation. She is considered part of the
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The federal commissions kept her employed, but she did not receive as much encouragement in the US as she had in Paris. Fuller continued to exhibit her work until her last show (1961) at
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black abilities, aspirations and experiences, a cogent alternative to white representations of history." Warrick's tableaux were given prominent display in the Negro Building at the
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396:, she became so adept at depicting the spirituality of human suffering that the French press named her "the delicate sculptor of horrors." In 1902, she became the protege of
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554:, where they occupied 15,000 square feet. Each scene consisted of painted plaster figures and extensive painted backdrops. The 14 tableaux depicted the following: the
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and caterer. Her father owned several barber shops and her mother owned her own beauty salon. Warrick was, in fact, named after Meta Vaux, the daughter of Senator
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in Paris. Her sculpture depicted human suffering. (Historical Marker at 254 S. 12th St. Philadelphia PA - Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission 1991)
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Due to her parents' success, she was given access to various cultural and educational opportunities. Warrick trained in art, music, dance and
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Warrick Fuller's work has received new interest since the late 20th century. Her work was featured in 1988 in a traveling exhibition at the
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Her date of death is also stated as March 18, 1968, but there are newspaper articles from March 13 that stated she died on that day.
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481:'s Salon de l'Art Nouveau (Maison de l'Art Nouveau). In 1903, just before Warrick returned to the United States, two of her works,
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Brundage, W. Fitzhugh (March 2003). "Meta Warrick's 1907 'Negro Tableaux' and (Re)presenting African American Historical Memory".
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Arna Alexander Bontemps; Jacqueline Fonvielle-Bontemps, eds. (2001). "African-American Women Artists: An Historical Perspective".
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Women of Achievement: Written for the Fireside Schools, under the Auspices of the Woman's American Baptist Home Mission Society
1592:"Danforth Art Receives $ 40,000 Grant to Safeguard Collection of Artwork by Renowned Local Sculptor Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller".
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Brundage, W. Fitzhugh (2003). "Meta Warrick's 1907 'Negro Tableaux' and (Re)Presenting African American Historical Memory".
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1823:"'The people... took exception to her remarks': Meta Warrick Fuller, Angelina Weld Grimké, and the Lynching of Mary Turner"
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Armstrong, Julie Buckner (2011). "Mary Turner, Hidden Memory, and Narrative Possibility". In Simien, Evelyn M. (ed.).
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bronze sculpture, 1937, Museum of Afro-American History, Boston, Massachusetts. Kneeling male figure facing a skull
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Meta V.W. Fuller (1877â1968). One of the leading Black female sculptors in America. She lived here, studied at the
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era. At various times, she was a literary sculptor, at others a creator of portrait art - which she studied under
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Warrick's career as an artist began after one of her high-school projects was chosen to be included in the 1893
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Warrick's work grew stronger in Paris, where she studied until 1902. Influenced by the conceptual realism of
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bronze sculpture, greenish-black patina, with hand incorrectly placed flush with the figure's side,
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New Negro Artists in Paris: African American Painters and Sculptors in the City of Light, 1922â1934
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Beach, Caitlin (2015). "Meta Warrick Fuller's Mary Turner: and the Memory of Mob Violence".
1616:"How is Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller's "Ethiopia Awakening" a symbol of the Harlem Renaissance?"
903:, 67 x 16 x 20 in., Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, New York Public Library.
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Rodin remarked, "My child, you are a sculptor; you have the sense of form in your fingers."
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painted plaster sculpture, 1905â1906. It represents a kneeling male nude eating his heart.
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painted plaster sculpture, 1919, Museum of Afro-American History, Boston, Massachusetts
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641:. Her work was included in an exhibition for the Tanner League, held in the studios of
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Schneider, Erika. (2022). âAsserting Agency: Meta Vaux Warrick Fullerâs Scrapbook,â '
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1090:"Negro Girl Wins Fame Is The Only Sculptress Of The Colored Race. Meta Vaux Warrick."
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1117:. Keyworks in Cultural Studies. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell. pp. 133â137.
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God-Given Work: The Life and Times of Sculptor Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller, 1877-1968,
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1692:. The James McNeill Whistler project at the University of Glasgow. Archived from
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Hoover, Velma J. (1977). "Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller: Her Life and Her Art".
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An Independent Woman: The Life and Art of Meta Warrick Fuller (1877-1968).
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Three Generations of African American Women Sculptors: A Study in Paradox,
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in Chicago. Based upon this work, she won a four-year scholarship to the
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Ater, Renée (2003). "Making History: Meta Warrick Fuller's 'Ethiopia'".
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as ministers, physicians, barbers, teachers, and caterers. During the
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2175:"NEGRO HISTORY IN BRIEF: Black Arts and Crafts (Part 3 - Conclusion)".
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Warrick Fuller died on March 13, 1968, at Cardinal Cushing Hospital in
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3 Generations of African American Women Sculptors: A Study in Paradox,
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Perkins, Kathy A. (Spring 1990). "The Genius of Meta Warrick Fuller".
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Creating Their Own Image The History Of African American Women Artists
434:, National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, Maryland
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SIRIS database search. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2014-05-11.
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being cast out didn't discourage her reignited motivation to create.
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Framingham, MA: Danforth Museum of Art. 1984. Exhibition catalogue.
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Notable American Women: The Modern Period; a Biographical Dictionary
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Panorama: Journal of the Association of Historians of American Art
1991:. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 103, 163n11.
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cast bronze sculpture, 1962, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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for upperclass white women, and William H. Warrick, a successful
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Remaking Race and History: The Sculpture of Meta Warrick Fuller.
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bronze sculpture, Maryhill Museum of Art, Goldendale, Washington
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Perkins, Kathy A. (1990). "The Genius of Meta Warrick Fuller".
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Ater, Renée (2003). "Fuller [née Warrick], Meta Vaux".
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Perkins, Kathy A. (1990). "The Genius of Meta Warrick Fuller".
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Perkins, Kathy A. (1990). "The Genius of Meta Warrick Fuller".
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Remaking Race and History: The Sculpture of Meta Warrick Fuller
1747:"The Industrial History of the Negro Race of the United States"
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Remaking Race and History: The Sculpture of Meta Warrick Fuller
820:. Her work was also featured in a traveling exhibition called
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tableaux depicting African-American historical events for the
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1778:. The African-American Registry. June 9, 2005. Archived from
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Hall of Black Achievement. November 17, 2005. Archived from
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Now is Your Time! The African-American Struggle for Freedom.
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preserved. The losses were emotionally devastating for her.
2550:"Un bronze de Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller acquis par le LACMA"
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Now Is Your Time! The African-American Struggle for Freedom
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1282:. New York, New York: Oxford University Press. p. 65.
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250 years of Afro-American Art: An Annotated Bibliography
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National Museum of African American History & Culture
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Wilson, H.W. (1998). "African American Women Sculptors".
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Her poem "Departure" was included in the 1991 collection
1901:"Asserting Agency: Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller's Scrapbook"
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864:(Washington, DC: Associated Publishers, Inc., 1923), 45.
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African-American people visited their house, as did the
979:. It was made based upon an engraving published in 1773
2367:"We Speak: Black Artists in Philadelphia, 1920s-1970s"
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Meta Warrick Fuller : Sculptures from the Studio.
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Encyclopedia of African American History: 5-Volume Set
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Americans in African and black heritage and identity.
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statue at the intersection of Main St. and Union Ave.
880:, in plaster, 1913; in bronze, 1999. Featured on the
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Van Proyen, Mark (1988). "Trail Blazers in Harlem".
1722:. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 211.
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Mary Turner (A Silent Protest Against Mob Violence),
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We Speak: Black Artists in Philadelphia, 1920s-1970s
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While on the shores my friends and loved ones stand.
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Rhapsodies in Black: Art of the Harlem Renaissance,
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1543:"Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller, 1877 â 1968 | Reid Hall"
1129:The editors compare Warrick with her contemporary,
597:in 1920. She created one of her most famous works,
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834:Fuller's work was included in the 2015 exhibition
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637:In 1922, Fuller showed her sculpture work at the
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2595:Berkeley: University of California Press. 2011.
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566:; a slave defending his owner's home during the
337:Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art
1720:The African Diaspora: A History Through Culture
544:
1867:Chandler, Robin M. (2013). Gaze, Delia (ed.).
1346:Sicherman, Barbara; Green, Carol Hurd (1980).
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1933:Woman's American Baptist Home Mission Society
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1412:. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 280.
992:. Hunched male figure with a cane in his hand
365:Upon graduation in 1899, Warrick traveled to
3860:University of the Arts (Philadelphia) alumni
1776:"Meta V.W. Fuller, sculptor of Black themes"
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1150:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
671:I see the barque afloat upon the ebbing tide
3910:20th-century African-American women writers
3875:American alumni of the Ăcole des Beaux-Arts
2528:New York Public Library Digital Collections
2503:New York Public Library Digital Collections
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1352:. Harvard University Press. p. 255.
915:painted plaster sculpture, Danfort Museum
699:The wondrous vision of the Master's face.
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2615:Nka: Journal of Contemporary African Art
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229:; June 9, 1877 â March 13, 1968) was an
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2431:"Emancipation » Public Art Boston"
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693:But echoing with chant and joyful song,
677:I wave to them a cheerful parting hand,
454:In Paris, she met American sociologist
150: 1907; died 1953)
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2237:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 15â35.
2150:"Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller (1877-1968)"
1809:Selected Works of Angelina Weld Grimké
1647:. Associated Press. 1923. p. C25.
1570:Sutherland, Claudia (March 12, 2007).
1492:
1446:Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance
1426:
1229:
1141:
1139:
696:May I behold with reverence and grace,
573:
3925:20th-century American women sculptors
3920:20th-century African-American writers
3905:20th-century African-American artists
3346:
2814:
2612:
2384:
1982:
1980:
1944:
1942:
1741:
1739:
1687:
1504:Leininger-Miller, Theresa A. (2001).
1489:Danforth Museum of Art. 11 May 2014.
1373:
1371:
1369:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1066:
1064:
1062:
961:Peace Halting the Ruthlessness of War
794:Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
595:Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
533:Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
510:and the home lives of black peoples.
360:Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
313:Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
301:Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
260:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller was born in
2892:Nationally listed historic buildings
2332:
2259:
2019:
1986:
1871:. New York: Routledge. p. 304.
1512:. Rutgers University Press. p.
1439:
1383:Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia
1271:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1145:
520:of a young, pregnant black woman in
3915:20th-century American women writers
3121:Massachusetts Bay Community College
3034:Performing Arts Center of Metrowest
3000:Boston and Worcester Street Railway
2270:"Obituary Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller"
1925:Brawley, Benjamin Griffith (1919).
1869:Concise Dictionary of Women Artists
1643:"A Harlem Showcase for Black Art".
1547:reidhall.globalcenters.columbia.edu
1136:
1096:Readex: African American Newspapers
508:slaves arriving in Virginia in 1619
13:
3374:New Woman of the late 19th century
2700:Igoe, Lynn Moody with James Igoe,
2152:. Uncrowned Queens. Archived from
1977:
1939:
1736:
1366:
1195:American National Biography Online
1172:
1059:
564:African Methodist Episcopal Church
504:Jamestown Tercentennial Exposition
14:
3941:
2795:
2548:Girard, Caroline (July 8, 2022).
1572:"Meta Warrick Fuller (1877-1968)"
1258:
1208:
1115:Black Feminist Cultural Criticism
400:. Of her plaster sketch entitled
3930:African-American women sculptors
1803:(Oxford University Press, 1991),
970:Phyllis Wheatley (c. 1753-1784),
726:
687:And turn and wave again to them.
496:
182:
37:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller in 1910
31:
3890:20th-century American sculptors
2744:Black American Literature Forum
2652:The Journal of American History
2585:
2568:
2541:
2516:
2491:
2466:
2448:
2423:
2326:
2307:
2288:
2226:
2200:Black American Literature Forum
2191:
2168:
2116:Black American Literature Forum
2107:
2081:Black American Literature Forum
2072:
2056:
2013:
1951:The Journal of American History
1918:
1893:
1860:
1814:
1794:
1681:
1651:
1608:
1585:
1535:
1520:
909:painted plaster sculpture, 1928
872:painted plaster sculpture, 1930
147:
1084:
539:
423:painted plaster sculpture,1919
1:
3621:(Mary Chavelita Dunne Bright)
2933:Commonwealth of Massachusetts
2460:Boston Women's Heritage Trail
1532:XXXII, 6 (October 1926), 246.
1077:
1005:
986:
973:
934:
897:
882:Boston Women's Heritage Trail
255:
90:, College of Art and Design,
3760:The Case of Rebellious Susan
2276:. March 13, 1968. p. 30
1688:Thorp, Nigel (May 8, 2007).
1379:"African American Migration"
653:(Washington, D.C.) in 1961.
545:1907 Jamestown Tercentennial
333:World's Columbian Exposition
326:
7:
3900:Sculptors from Pennsylvania
3726:The Story of a Modern Woman
3105:Framingham State University
3006:Framingham Railroad Station
1690:"Siegfried Bing, 1838â1905"
1020:
1004:painted plaster sculpture,
972:painted plaster sculpture,
965:West Virginia State College
862:Negro Poets and their Poems
611:America's Making Exhibition
556:landing of the first slaves
237:themes. At the fore of the
16:American artist (1877â1968)
10:
3946:
3895:African-American sculptors
3583:Elizabeth Barrett Browning
3452:Jennie Augusta Brownscombe
2959:Massachusetts State Police
2704:. New York: Bowker, 1981.
2686:Driskell, David C. et al.
1659:"Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller"
1191:"Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller"
856:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller,
703:
585:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller,
416:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller,
341:The University of the Arts
244:Warrick was a protégée of
54:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
3865:Académie Colarossi alumni
3855:Artists from Philadelphia
3662:
3644:
3575:
3427:Sophie Gengembre Anderson
3404:
3381:
3292:
3231:
3133:
3087:
3056:
3025:
3008:(MBTA and Amtrak station)
2992:
2951:
2925:
2916:
2899:
2848:
2842:Framingham, Massachusetts
1827:The Mississippi Quarterly
1821:Armstrong, Julie (2008).
1718:Manning, Patrick (2009).
1663:Bridgewater State College
1448:. New York: Facts On File
1442:"Fuller, Meta V. Warrick"
1319:Framingham History Center
1276:Farrington, Lisa (2005).
943:Man Eating Out His Heart,
783:Framingham History Center
771:
766:Framingham, Massachusetts
745:Framingham, Massachusetts
733:Dr. Solomon Carter Fuller
731:In 1907, Warrick married
656:
531:Warrick exhibited at the
524:. Fuller's contemporary,
475:Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
407:
373:, where she studied with
165:
157:
129:
119:
101:
83:
76:Framingham, Massachusetts
64:
42:
30:
23:
3798:Mrs. Warren's Profession
3497:Wilhelmina Weber Furlong
3249:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller
3176:MetroWest Medical Center
2734:King-Hammond, L. et al.
2627:10.1215/10757163-2914284
1440:West, Sandra L. (2003).
1406:Finkelman, Paul (2009).
1052:
931:Lazy Bones in the Shade,
847:
759:
680:Then take my place with
593:Fuller exhibited at the
589:, bronze sculpture, 1910
516:was her response to the
449:
178:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller
25:Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller
3502:Elizabeth Shippen Green
3492:Susan Stuart Frackelton
3279:Charles Henry Parkhurst
3048:Sudbury Valley Trustees
2770:Powell, Richard J. and
2576:The Charleston Gazette,
2435:www.publicartboston.com
2243:10.1057/9781137001221_2
552:Jamestown Tercentennial
522:Lowndes County, Georgia
465:Samuel Bing, patron of
3880:African-American poets
3678:The Portrait of a Lady
3477:Alice Brown Chittenden
3457:Julia Margaret Cameron
3100:Framingham High School
3038:Framingham Heart Study
2969:Massachusetts Turnpike
2910:
1232:Negro History Bulletin
1032:Sargent Claude Johnson
865:
801:
786:
724:
590:
489:were exhibited at the
435:
424:
304:
233:artist who celebrated
88:University of the Arts
3786:The Romance of a Shop
3537:Elizabeth Okie Paxton
3386:19th-century feminism
3254:Solomon Carter Fuller
2905:
2802:"Meta Warrick Fuller"
1315:"Meta Warrick Fuller"
855:
808:, along with artists
791:
775:
720:
716:A Call After Midnight
639:Boston Public Library
622:'s wrappings, like a
584:
487:The Impenitent Thief,
430:
415:
402:Man Eating His Heart,
299:
136:Solomon Carter Fuller
3870:American women poets
3681:(serialized 1880â81)
3654:Alice Freeman Palmer
3552:Jessie Willcox Smith
3171:MetroWest Daily News
2524:"Ethiopia Awakening"
2499:"Ethiopia Awakening"
2417:Meta Warrick Fuller.
1987:Ater, Renée (2011).
1146:Ater, Renée (2011).
824:in Georgia in 1998.
526:Angelina Weld Grimké
383:Ăcole des Beaux-Arts
96:Ăcole des Beaux-Arts
3805:George Bernard Shaw
3793:George Bernard Shaw
3721:Ella Hepworth Dixon
3608:Ella Hepworth Dixon
3547:Pamela Colman Smith
3487:Emma Lampert Cooper
3391:First-wave feminism
3259:George Henry Gordon
3166:Framingham Assembly
3095:Bethany Hill School
3064:The Golden Triangle
3043:Garden in the Woods
2738:Philadelphia, 1996.
2554:La Tribune de l'Art
2371:Woodmere Art Museum
2316:American Art Review
2235:Gender and Lynching
1596:. August 12, 2015.
1092:Wichita Searchlight
894:Ethiopia Awakening,
842:Woodmere Art Museum
737:Alzheimer's disease
387:Henry Ossawa Tanner
381:and drawing at the
3885:Harlem Renaissance
3756:Henry Arthur Jones
3467:Minerva J. Chapman
3376:(born before 1880)
3115:Marian High School
2911:
2885:Historic buildings
1696:on January 2, 2008
1645:The New York Times
1485:2014-05-12 at the
1131:May Howard Jackson
1002:The Good Shepherd,
983:Refugee, sculpture
919:La petite danseuse
866:
858:Ethiopia Awakening
806:Crocker Art Museum
802:
643:Dunbar High School
603:Ethiopia Awakening
591:
440:Harlem Renaissance
436:
425:
379:Académie Colarossi
305:
239:Harlem Renaissance
169:William H. Warrick
124:Harlem Renaissance
92:Académie Colarossi
3832:
3831:
3777:(serialized 1878)
3685:Elizabeth Barrett
3671:Isabel Archer in
3598:Annie Sophie Cory
3340:
3339:
3264:Christa McAuliffe
3129:
3128:
2639:Project MUSE
2352:978-1-884446-05-4
2335:Oxford Art Online
2252:978-1-137-00122-1
2063:Walter Dean Myers
1998:978-0-520-26212-6
1878:978-0-203-05880-0
1801:Herron, Carolivia
1782:on March 17, 2008
1729:978-0-231-14471-1
1419:978-0-19-516779-5
1359:978-0-674-62733-8
1289:978-0-19-516721-4
1157:978-0-520-26212-6
1027:Lois Mailou Jones
955:Mother and Child,
818:James Van Der Zee
651:Howard University
227:Meta Vaux Warrick
175:
174:
47:Meta Vaux Warrick
3937:
3732:Gustave Flaubert
3663:Literature about
3622:
3557:Annie Swynnerton
3522:Elizabeth Nourse
3517:Anna Lea Merritt
3482:Elizabeth Coffin
3422:Nina E. Allender
3367:
3360:
3353:
3344:
3343:
3151:Cumberland Farms
2938:Middlesex County
2923:
2922:
2835:
2828:
2821:
2812:
2811:
2767:
2690:New York, 1994.
2683:
2658:(4): 1368â1400.
2646:
2579:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2545:
2539:
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2323:
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2292:
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2283:
2281:
2274:The Boston Globe
2266:
2257:
2256:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2179:. June 5, 1969.
2172:
2166:
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2105:
2104:
2076:
2070:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2017:
2011:
2010:
1984:
1975:
1974:
1957:(4): 1368â1400.
1946:
1937:
1936:
1922:
1916:
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1911:
1897:
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1890:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1833:(1/2): 113â141.
1818:
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1674:
1669:on July 24, 2009
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1143:
1134:
1128:
1110:
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1071:
1068:
1042:Archibald Motley
1010:
1009: 1926â1927
1007:
991:
988:
978:
975:
939:
936:
902:
899:
814:Palmer C. Hayden
784:
647:Washington, D.C.
467:Aubrey Beardsley
350:movement of the
309:horseback riding
231:African-American
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3664:
3658:
3640:
3636:Olive Schreiner
3617:
3613:Maria Edgeworth
3571:
3562:Candace Wheeler
3442:Enella Benedict
3400:
3396:Women's history
3377:
3371:
3341:
3336:
3294:
3288:
3244:Thomas Danforth
3239:Crispus Attucks
3227:
3216:TJ Maxx/TK Maxx
3125:
3083:
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3027:
3021:
2988:
2947:
2918:
2912:
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2798:
2772:David A. Bailey
2756:10.2307/2904066
2664:10.2307/3092547
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2212:10.2307/2904066
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2192:
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2173:
2169:
2159:
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2156:on May 28, 2010
2148:
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2128:10.2307/2904066
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2093:10.2307/2904066
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1487:Wayback Machine
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1016:sculpture, 1930
1008:
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976:
937:
925:Les Miserables,
900:
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829:Danforth Museum
785:
782:
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729:
706:
659:
601:(also known as
579:
547:
542:
499:
456:W. E. B. DuBois
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3749:A Doll's House
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2796:External links
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2731:Amherst, 1987.
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2578:Oct 14, 1999.
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1805:"Introduction"
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1288:
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1238:(2): 678â681.
1207:
1171:
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1135:
1123:
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1082:
1081:
1079:
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1073:
1072:
1057:
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1047:Romare Bearden
1044:
1039:
1037:Jacob Lawrence
1034:
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1022:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1011:
999:
996:Talking Skull,
993:
980:
967:
958:
952:
946:
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928:
922:
916:
910:
907:Henry Gilbert,
904:
891:
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873:
849:
846:
780:
773:
770:
761:
758:
750:Prince of Siam
728:
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541:
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498:
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479:Siegfried Bing
460:Raphaël Collin
451:
448:
409:
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375:Raphaël Collin
356:Charles Grafly
328:
325:
286:Reconstruction
257:
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173:
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85:
81:
80:
74:
72:(aged 90)
68:March 13, 1968
66:
62:
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52:
46:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
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3737:Madame Bovary
3733:
3730:
3728:
3727:
3722:
3719:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3702:The Awakening
3698:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3679:
3674:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3665:the New Woman
3661:
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3649:
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3543:
3542:Emily Sartain
3540:
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3528:
3527:Violet Oakley
3525:
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3500:
3498:
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3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3472:Ămilie Charmy
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
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3445:
3443:
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3437:Cecilia Beaux
3435:
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3412:Louise Abbéma
3410:
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3191:Staples, Inc.
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3079:Sudbury River
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2598:
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2591:Ater, Renée.
2590:
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2016:
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1994:
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1983:
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1972:
1968:
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845:
843:
839:
838:
832:
830:
825:
823:
819:
815:
811:
810:Aaron Douglas
807:
799:
798:Auguste Rodin
796:, later with
795:
790:
779:
769:
767:
757:
753:
751:
746:
742:
738:
734:
727:Personal life
723:
719:
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712:
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583:
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569:
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557:
553:
537:
534:
529:
527:
523:
519:
518:1918 lynching
515:
511:
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505:
497:United States
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
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472:
468:
463:
461:
457:
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433:
429:
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403:
399:
395:
394:Auguste Rodin
390:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
363:
361:
357:
353:
349:
348:
347:fin de siĂšcle
342:
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324:
321:
317:
314:
310:
302:
298:
294:
291:
290:Jim Crow laws
287:
281:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
253:
251:
247:
246:Auguste Rodin
242:
240:
236:
232:
228:
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211:
179:
168:
164:
160:
156:
137:
132:
128:
125:
122:
118:
115:
111:
107:
104:
102:Occupation(s)
100:
97:
93:
89:
86:
82:
77:
67:
63:
59:
55:
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
3822:Ann Veronica
3820:
3808:
3796:
3784:
3774:Daisy Miller
3772:
3759:
3747:
3744:Henrik Ibsen
3735:
3724:
3714:Anna Lombard
3712:
3700:
3690:Aurora Leigh
3688:
3676:
3567:Anne Whitney
3532:Rose O'Neill
3512:Laura Knight
3462:Mary Cassatt
3447:Rosa Bonheur
3317:Southborough
3274:Peter Parker
3248:
3181:Tutor Perini
3069:Nobscot Hill
2890:
2883:
2876:
2869:
2862:
2855:
2804:
2785:
2782:
2775:
2750:(1): 65â72.
2747:
2743:
2735:
2728:
2714:
2701:
2687:
2655:
2651:
2621:(1): 16â27.
2618:
2614:
2592:
2586:Bibliography
2575:
2570:
2558:. Retrieved
2553:
2543:
2533:November 10,
2531:. Retrieved
2527:
2518:
2508:November 10,
2506:. Retrieved
2502:
2493:
2483:November 10,
2481:. Retrieved
2477:
2468:
2459:
2450:
2438:. Retrieved
2434:
2425:
2416:
2374:. Retrieved
2370:
2361:
2334:
2328:
2319:
2315:
2309:
2300:
2296:
2290:
2278:. Retrieved
2273:
2234:
2228:
2206:(1): 65â72.
2203:
2199:
2193:
2177:Oakland Post
2176:
2170:
2158:. Retrieved
2154:the original
2144:
2122:(1): 65â72.
2119:
2115:
2109:
2087:(1): 65â72.
2084:
2080:
2074:
2066:
2058:
2028:(3): 12â31.
2025:
2022:American Art
2021:
2015:
1988:
1954:
1950:
1927:
1920:
1908:. Retrieved
1904:
1895:
1868:
1862:
1830:
1826:
1816:
1808:
1796:
1784:. Retrieved
1780:the original
1755:. Retrieved
1750:
1719:
1698:. Retrieved
1694:the original
1683:
1671:. Retrieved
1667:the original
1653:
1644:
1623:. Retrieved
1619:
1610:
1593:
1587:
1575:. Retrieved
1550:. Retrieved
1546:
1537:
1526:
1522:
1507:
1478:
1450:. Retrieved
1445:
1408:
1386:. Retrieved
1382:
1348:
1322:. Retrieved
1318:
1278:
1235:
1231:
1198:. Retrieved
1194:
1147:
1114:
1095:
1091:
1086:
1013:
1001:
995:
982:
969:
960:
954:
948:
942:
930:
924:
918:
912:
906:
893:
887:
877:Emancipation
876:
869:
861:
857:
835:
833:
826:
821:
803:
776:
763:
754:
730:
721:
715:
710:
707:
684:at the helm,
662:
660:
636:
631:
615:
610:
606:
602:
598:
592:
586:
574:
548:
530:
513:
512:
500:
486:
483:The Wretched
482:
471:Mary Cassatt
464:
453:
437:
431:
417:
401:
391:
364:
345:
330:
322:
318:
306:
282:
278:Richard Vaux
266:Pennsylvania
262:Philadelphia
259:
243:
226:
177:
176:
70:(1968-03-13)
50:June 9, 1877
18:
3850:1968 deaths
3845:1877 births
3817:H. G. Wells
3766:Henry James
3697:Kate Chopin
3673:Henry James
3626:Sarah Grand
3603:Ella D'Arcy
3593:Kate Chopin
3307:Marlborough
3295:Communities
3293:Neighboring
3284:Peter Salem
2556:(in French)
2456:"South End"
1751:Archive.org
1625:November 9,
990: 1940
977: 1925
938: 1937
933:sculpture,
901: 1921
540:Exhibitions
514:Mary Turner
491:Paris Salon
419:Mary Turner
250:Mary Turner
235:Afrocentric
3839:Categories
3588:Mona Caird
3269:John Nixon
3134:Businesses
3074:Saxonville
3026:Arts &
2864:Government
2696:0810910993
2474:"Ethiopia"
2322:: 162â165.
1847:A201711268
1602:1703211372
1124:0631222391
1078:References
870:Bacchante,
739:. Born in
711:The Answer
577:and beyond
270:beautician
256:Early life
171:Emma Jones
3646:Educators
3211:Marshalls
3206:HomeGoods
3028:Community
2943:MetroWest
2907:Minuteman
2871:Education
2727:Kerr, N.
2710:760970440
2680:224897722
2635:192667152
2608:775736931
2185:371634213
2160:March 30,
2050:193223983
2007:775736931
1910:March 27,
1887:900235870
1854:213525549
1786:March 29,
1757:April 13,
1700:March 30,
1673:March 30,
1620:ThoughtCo
1552:March 27,
1452:March 28,
1244:0028-2529
1200:March 11,
1166:775736931
1014:Waterboy,
624:chrysalis
568:Civil War
560:Jamestown
432:Dark Hero
352:Symbolist
327:Education
303:(c. 1895)
166:Parent(s)
84:Education
3781:Amy Levy
3631:Amy Levy
3322:Sherborn
3201:AJWright
3117:(closed)
3017:MassPort
3002:(former)
2974:The MWRA
2952:Agencies
2926:Location
2919:Subjects
2878:Religion
2849:Articles
2723:17576775
2676:ProQuest
2440:April 1,
2181:ProQuest
1905:Panorama
1850:ProQuest
1839:26476644
1598:ProQuest
1577:March 7,
1483:Archived
1252:44176711
1021:See also
888:Ethiopia
781:â
632:Ethiopia
616:Ethiopia
599:Ethiopia
587:Ethiopia
575:Ethiopia
158:Children
120:Movement
106:Sculptor
3810:Candida
3770:novella
3576:Writers
3405:Artists
3332:Wayland
3327:Sudbury
3302:Ashland
3088:Schools
2917:Related
2764:2904066
2672:3092547
2560:July 8,
2376:June 4,
2297:Artweek
2280:June 6,
2220:2904066
2136:2904066
2101:2904066
2069:, 1991.
2042:1215807
1971:3092547
1811:, p. 5.
840:at the
741:Liberia
704:Theater
626:from a
358:at the
225:; born
152:
144:
140:
110:painter
3825:(1909)
3813:(1898)
3801:(1893)
3789:(1888)
3762:(1894)
3752:(1879)
3740:(1856)
3717:(1901)
3705:(1899)
3693:(1856)
3312:Natick
3232:People
3057:Places
2762:
2721:
2708:
2694:
2678:
2670:
2643:583920
2641:
2633:
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