Puerto Rico - Knowledge

6195: 4700: 2803:, as well as Commonwealth of Puerto Rico income taxes. All federal employees, those who do business with the federal government, Puerto Rico-based corporations that intend to send funds to the U.S., and some others, such as Puerto Rican residents that are members of the U.S. military, and Puerto Rico residents who earned income from sources outside Puerto Rico also pay federal income taxes. In addition, because the cutoff point for income taxation is lower than that of the U.S. IRS code, and because the per-capita income in Puerto Rico is much lower than the average per-capita income on the mainland, more Puerto Rico residents pay income taxes to the local taxation authority than if the IRS code were applied to the island. This occurs because "the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico government has a wider set of responsibilities than do U.S. State and local governments." 5886: 1839: 3808: 100: 3876: 237: 1780: 5058: 115: 19310: 4068: 6038: 2632: 3469: 1679:, establishing a Control Board over the Puerto Rican government. This board will have a significant degree of federal control involved in its establishment and operations. In particular, the authority to establish the control board derives from the federal government's constitutional power to "make all needful rules and regulations" regarding U.S. territories; The president would appoint all seven voting members of the board; and the board would have broad sovereign powers to effectively overrule decisions by Puerto Rico's legislature, governor, and other public authorities. 3709: 6139: 3084: 4663: 3192: 5593: 3903: 6907: 1523: 3753:

Year 2018 with its managed care organizations will be threatened, thereby putting at risk beginning July 1, 2017 the health care of up to 900,000 poor U.S. citizens living in Puerto Rico", according to a letter sent to Congress by the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Health and Human Services. They also said that "Congress must enact measures recommended by both Republicans and Democrats that fix Puerto Rico's inequitable health care financing structure and promote sustained economic growth."

2764:. Puerto Rico lacks "the full sovereignty of an independent nation", for example, the power to manage its "external relations with other nations", which is held by the U.S. federal government. The U.S. Supreme Court has indicated that once the U.S. Constitution has been extended to an area (by Congress or the courts), its coverage is irrevocable. To hold that the political branches may switch the Constitution on or off at will would lead to a regime in which they, not this Court, say "what the law is". 2884: 20437: 2733: 20557: 3622: 89: 3982: 255: 19153: 20449: 2005: 1467: 6164:, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This style of Puerto Rican buildings is found predominantly in residential homes in Ponce that developed between 1895 and 1920. Ponce Creole architecture borrows heavily from the traditions of France, Spain and the Caribbean vernacular to create houses that were especially built to withstand the hot and dry climate of the region, and to take advantage of the sun and sea breezes characteristic of the southern Puerto Rico's 20425: 18877: 1713: 20389: 17171: 4690: 6782: 7087: 20540: 20461: 4653: 20523: 20574: 20506: 6119:". Strict remodeling codes were implemented to prevent new constructions from affecting the common colonial Spanish architectural themes of the old city. When a project proposal suggested that the old Carmelite Convent in San Juan be demolished to erect a new hotel, the Institute had the building declared as a historic building, and then asked that it be converted to a hotel in a renewed facility. This was what became the 17161: 1504: 847: 828: 795: 776: 20489: 20399: 2234: 6677:(Spanish for "four"). The cuatro is a local instrument that was made by the "Jibaro" or people from the mountains. Originally, the Cuatro consisted of four steel strings, hence its name, but currently the Cuatro consists of five double steel strings. It is easily confused with a guitar, even by locals. When held upright, from right to left, the strings are G, D, A, E, B. 6395:. Puerto Rican literature continued to flourish, and many Puerto Ricans have since distinguished themselves as authors, journalists, poets, novelists, playwrights, essayists, and screenwriters. The influence of Puerto Rican literature has transcended the boundaries of the island to the U.S. and the rest of the world. Over the past fifty years, significant writers include 6285: 1573:. The decree was printed in Spanish, English and French in order to attract Europeans, with the hope that the independence movements would lose their popularity and strength with the arrival of new settlers. Free land was offered to those who wanted to populate the islands on the condition that they swear their loyalty to the Spanish Crown and allegiance to the 2771:. U.S. citizens residing in Puerto Rico cannot vote in U.S. presidential elections, though both major parties, Republican and Democratic, hold primary elections in Puerto Rico to choose delegates to vote on the parties' presidential candidates. Since Puerto Rico is an unincorporated territory and not a U.S. state, the U.S. Constitution does not fully 1661:

The first question, voted on in August, asked voters whether they wanted to maintain the current status under the territorial clause of the U.S. Constitution. 54% voted against the status quo, effectively approving the second question to be voted on in November. The second question posed three alternate status options: statehood, independence, or

1963:. It caused extensive property damage and widespread losses, damaging infrastructure, especially bridges. It resulted in an estimated 116 deaths and $ 4 million in property damage. The failure of the government to move rapidly to provide for the general welfare contributed to political activism by opponents and eventually to the rise of the 3733:

part, returned to normal. By October 2019, nearly all of the popular amenities for tourists, in the major destinations such as San Juan, Ponce and Arecibo, were in operation on the island and tourism was rebounding. This was important for the economy, since tourism provides up to 10% of Puerto Rico's GDP, according to Discover Puerto Rico.

11573:– That where the Constitution has been once formally extended by Congress to territories, neither Congress nor the territorial legislature can enact laws inconsistent therewith. The Constitution grants Congress and the President the power to acquire, dispose of, and govern territory, not the power to decide when and where its terms apply. 11569:, 182 U.S. 244, 261 (1901), commenting on an earlier Supreme Court decision, Loughborough v. Blake, 18 U.S. (5 Wheat.) 317 (1820); Rasmussen v. United States, 197 U.S. 516, 529–530, 536 (1905)(concurring opinions of Justices Harlan and Brown), that once the Constitution has been extended to an area, its coverage is irrevocable; 6740: 8437: 6625: 5019:. The commonwealth's population peaked in 2000, when it was 3,808,610, before declining (for the first time in census history) to 3,725,789 in 2010. Emigration due to economic difficulties and natural disasters, coupled with a low birth rate, have caused the population decline to continue in recent years. 5280:. Dominicans represent 53% of non-Puerto Rican Hispanics, about 1.8% of Puerto Rico's population. Some illegal immigrants, particularly from Haiti, Dominican Republic, and Cuba, use Puerto Rico as a temporary stop-over point to get to the U.S. mainland. Other major sources of recent immigrants include 12084:

OSD, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (DIOR); "Atlas/Data Abstract for the United States and Selected Areas – Fiscal Year 1997;" Department of Defense; 1998. Note: The count of 25 military installations included the branch component of the Roosevelt

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Morning Update for Puerto Rico - January 7, 2020: On Jan. 7, a magnitude 6.4 earthquake struck the region at 4:24 am local time (08:24:26 UTC). Significant damage is possible. Over the past several weeks, hundreds of small earthquakes have occurred in the Puerto Rico region, beginning in earnest with

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Bauzá (2013; in Spanish) "La realidad de nuestra situación económica y fiscal es resultado de años de falta de acción. Al Gobierno le faltó creatividad, innovación y rapidez en la creación de un nuevo modelo económico que sustentara nuestra economía. Tras la eliminación de la Sección 936, debimos ser

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Statistics used for cost of living sometimes do not take into account certain costs, such as the high cost of electricity, which has hovered in the 24¢ to 30¢ range per kilowatt-hour, two to three times the national average, increased travel costs for longer flights, additional shipping fees, and the

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of the U.S. Constitution and is thus restricted on how it can engage with other nations, sharing the opportunities and limitations that state governments have albeit not being one. As is the case with state governments, it has established several trade agreements with other nations, particularly with

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issued a memorandum to heads of executive departments and agencies establishing the current administrative relationship between the federal government and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. This memorandum directs all federal departments, agencies, and officials to treat Puerto Rico administratively as

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The difference between the incumbent party, the PPD, and its opponent, the PNP, was a mere 0.6% in the last election. This difference is common as the political landscape experiences political cycles between both parties, with the PPD ruling all branches of government for 36 of the past 64 years. The

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Walsh (2013) "In each of the last six years, Puerto Rico sold hundreds of millions of dollars of new bonds just to meet payments on its older, outstanding bonds – a red flag. It also sold $ 2.5 billion worth of bonds to raise cash for its troubled pension system – a risky practice – and it sold

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stretch for 1,812 m² (4,692 km²). The island of Vieques has a total land area of 51 m² (132 km²), Mona has 22 m² (56 km²), Culebra has 12 m² (31 km²), Caja de Muertos has 0.62 m² (1.62 km²), and Desecheo has 0.56 m² (1.45 km²). In total, the entire archipelago of Puerto Rico has a land area of about

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Education in Puerto Rico is divided in three levels—Primary (elementary school grades 1–6), Secondary (intermediate and high school grades 7–12), and Higher Level (undergraduate and graduate studies). As of 2002, the literacy rate of the Puerto Rican population was 94.1%; by gender, it was 93.9% for

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for U.S. corporations that settled in Puerto Rico and allowed their insular subsidiaries to send their earnings to the parent corporation at any time, without paying federal tax on corporate income. Puerto Rico has been able to maintain a relatively low inflation in the past decade while maintaining

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was registered that same year. The party claims that it seeks to address the islands' problems from a status-neutral platform. But it ceased to remain as a registered party when it failed to obtain the required number of votes in the 2008 general election. Four years later, the 2012 election saw the

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approved a draft resolution calling on the U.S. government to expedite a process that would allow the Puerto Rican people to exercise fully their inalienable right to self-determination and independence. In November 2012, a two-question referendum took place, simultaneous with the general elections.

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Puerto Rican Indigenous Communities Seek Recognition, Return of Their Ancestral Lands: The Jíbaro and Taíno indigenous communities are not recognized by the Puerto Rican government. But two organizations dedicated to preserving their respective history and traditions are working to gain recognition

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Millán Rodriguez (2013; in Spanish) "Los representantes del Pueblo en la Junta de Gobierno de la Autoridad de Energía Eléctrica denunciaron ayer que la propuesta del Gobernador para hacer cambios en la composición del organismo institucionaliza la intervención político partidista en la corporación

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under the American federal constitution and adjudications are applied to Puerto Ricans. Various other U.S. Supreme Court decisions have held which rights apply in Puerto Rico and which ones do not. Puerto Ricans have a long history of service in the U.S. Armed Forces and, since 1917, they have been

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FRBNY (2011) "...home values vary considerably across municipios: for the metro area overall, the median value of owner-occupied homes was estimated at $ 126,000 (based on data for 2007–09), but these medians ranged from $ 214,000 in Guaynabo to around $ 100,000 in some of the outlying municipios.

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was annexed. With its abundance of shops, historic places, museums, open air cafés, restaurants, gracious homes, tree-shaded plazas, and its old beauty and architectonical peculiarity, Old San Juan is a main spot for local and internal tourism. The district is also characterized by numerous public

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In Puerto Rico, public school instruction is conducted almost entirely in Spanish. There have been pilot programs in about a dozen of the over 1,400 public schools aimed at conducting instruction in English only. Objections from teaching staff are common, perhaps because many of them are not fully

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the new operator of the energy distribution and transmission infrastructure, as well as other areas of PREPA's operations, in effect partially privatizing the Puerto Rican power grid. The takeover was set for 1 June 2021, amidst protests and uncertainty from the point of view of the general public

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The Commonwealth had been defaulting on many debts, including bonds, since 2015. With debt payments due, the governor was facing the risk of a government shutdown and failure to fund the managed health care system. "Without action before April, Puerto Rico's ability to execute contracts for Fiscal

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outlines the role of the U.S. Code to U.S. territories and insular areas such as Puerto Rico. After the U.S. government assumed control of Puerto Rico in 1901, it initiated legal reforms resulting in the adoption of codes of criminal law, criminal procedure, and civil procedure modeled after those

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municipality at 10:15 UTC (6:15 am local time) as a high-end Category 4 hurricane with sustained winds of 155 mph (249 km/h), powerful rains and widespread flooding causing tremendous destruction, including the electrical grid, which would remain out for 4–6 months in many

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The bipartisan, seven-member oversight board was created under the federal Puerto Rico rescue law known as PROMESA, passed by the U.S. Congress last year. It is charged with helping the island manage its finances and navigate its way out of the economic jam, including by negotiating restructuring

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have been rediscovered/reinvented to a degree by a handful of advocates. Similarly, some aspects of African religious traditions have been kept by some adherents. African slaves brought and maintained various ethnic African religious practices associated with different peoples; in particular, the

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after Puerto Rico's general obligation bonds were downgraded to speculative non-investment grade ("junk status") by three credit-rating agencies. In terms of financial control, almost 9.6%—or about $ 1.5 billion—of Puerto Rico's central government budget expenses for FY2014 is expected to be

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to deliver a fiscal turnaround plan by 28 January. Just before that deadline, the control board gave the Commonwealth government until 28 February to present a fiscal plan (including negotiations with creditors for restructuring debt) to solve the problems. A moratorium on lawsuits by debtors was

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Though the Commonwealth government has its own tax laws, residents of Puerto Rico, contrary to a popular misconception, do pay U.S. federal taxes: customs taxes (which are subsequently returned to the Puerto Rico Treasury), import/export taxes, federal commodity taxes, social security taxes, etc.

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In 1593, Portuguese soldiers, sent from Lisbon by order of Phillip II, composed the first garrison of the San Felipe del Morro fortress in Puerto Rico. Some brought their wives, while others married Puerto Rican women, and today there are many Puerto Rican families with Portuguese last names. The

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Pollster Pablo Ramos stated in 1998 that the population was 38% Roman Catholic, 28% Pentecostal, and 18% were members of independent churches, which would give a Protestant percentage of 46% if the last two populations are combined. Protestants collectively added up to almost two million people.

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of the executive branch of government of Puerto Rico are Spanish and English, with Spanish being the primary language. Spanish is, and has been, the only official language of the entire Commonwealth judiciary system, despite a 1902 English-only language law. However, all official business of the

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The critical aspects come from the sale of bonds, which comprise 7% of the consolidated budget – a ratio that increased annually due to the government's inability to prepare a balanced budget in addition to being incapable of generating enough income to cover all its expenses. In particular, the

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of about U.S.$ 9.8 billion with expenses at about $ 10.4 billion, creating a structural deficit of $ 775 million (about 7.9% of the budget). The practice of approving budgets with a structural deficit has been done for 24 consecutive years starting in 2000. Throughout those years,

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caused severe damage to the island and its infrastructure, disrupting tourism for many months. The damage was estimated at $ 100 billion. An April 2019 report indicated that by that time, only a few hotels were still closed, that life for tourists in and around the capital had, for the most

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members and civilian employees. The size of the overall military-related community is estimated to be 100,000, including retired personnel. Fort Buchanan has about 4,000 military and civilian personnel. In addition, approximately 17,000 people are members of the Puerto Rico Army and Air National

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Both the Naval Forces Caribbean (NFC) and the Fleet Air Caribbean (FAIR) were formerly based at the Roosevelt Roads Naval Station. The NFC had authority over all U.S. Naval activity in the waters of the Caribbean while FAIR had authority over all U.S. military flights and air operations over the

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and are the main cause of the variations in the temperature and rainfall that occur over very short distances. The mountains can also cause wide variation in local wind speed and direction due to their sheltering and channeling effects, adding to the climatic variation. Daily temperature changes

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Much of Puerto Rican culture centers on the influence of music and has been shaped by other cultures combining with local and traditional rhythms. Early in the history of Puerto Rican music, the influences of Spanish and African traditions were most noticeable. The cultural movements across the

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In early August 2017, the island's financial oversight board (created by PROMESA) planned to institute two days off without pay per month for government employees, down from the original plan of four days per month; the latter had been expected to achieve $ 218 million in savings. Governor

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In the southwest, the Guánica State Forest and Biosphere Reserve contain over 600 uncommon species of plants and animals, including 48 endangered species and 16 that are endemic to Puerto Rico, and is considered a prime example of the Puerto Rican dry forest ecoregion and the best-preserved dry

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Pueblo v. Tribunal Superior, 92 D.P.R. 596 (1965). Translation taken from the English text, 92 P.R.R. 580 (1965), pp. 588–89. See also LOPEZ-BARALT NEGRON, "Pueblo v. Tribunal Superior: Espanol: Idioma del proceso judicial", 36 Revista Juridica de la Universidad de Puerto Rico. 396 (1967), and

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The household median income is stated as $ 19,350 and the mean income as $ 30,463 in the U.S. Census Bureau's 2015 update. The report also indicates that 45.5% of individuals are below the poverty level. The median home value in Puerto Rico ranges from U.S.$ 100,000 to U.S.$ 214,000, while the

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Puerto Rico's authority to enact a criminal code derives from Congress and not from local sovereignty as with the states. Thus, individuals committing a crime can only be tried in federal or territorial court, otherwise it would constitute double jeopardy and is constitutionally impermissible.

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Brief power outages still hit occasionally as the government prepares to privatize an aging and poorly maintained grid that was destroyed by the hurricane, and water shortages have hit parts of Puerto Rico's north coast since 30 percent of the island is experiencing a moderate drought that is

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The music of Puerto Rico has evolved as a heterogeneous and dynamic product of diverse cultural resources. The most conspicuous musical sources have been Spain and West Africa, although many aspects of Puerto Rican music reflect origins elsewhere in Europe and the Caribbean and, over the last

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reports that 85% of the population of Puerto Rico identifies as Roman Catholic, while 15% identify as Protestant and Other. Neither a date or a source for that information is provided and may not be recent. A 2013 Pew Research survey found that only about 45% of Puerto Rican adults identified

3867:(CAGR) of 9% while GDP remained stagnant. This has not always provided a long-term solution. In early July 2017 for example, the PREPA power authority was effectively bankrupt after defaulting in a plan to restructure $ 9 billion in bond debt; the agency planned to seek Court protection. 3263:

and Puerto Rico National Guard facilities, there are only two remaining military installations in Puerto Rico: the U.S. Army's small Ft. Buchanan (supporting local veterans and reserve units) and the PRANG (Puerto Rico Air National Guard) Muñiz Air Base (the C-130 Fleet). In recent years, the

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elected by Puerto Ricans to represent them before the federal government, including the U.S. Congress, sits in the U.S. House of Representatives, serves and votes on congressional committees, and functions in every respect as a legislator except being denied a vote on the final disposition of

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published a report which concluded that "repealing or amending the Jones Act cabotage law might cut Puerto Rico shipping costs" and that "shippers believed that opening the trade to non-U.S.-flag competition could lower costs". Ultimately, the report concluded that " effects of modifying the

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Puerto Ricans in this statistical profile are people who self-identified as Hispanics of Puerto Rican origin; this means either they themselves were born in Puerto Rico1 or they were born in the 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia or elsewhere, but trace their family ancestry to Puerto

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Both budgets contrast each other drastically, with the consolidated budget being usually thrice the size of the general budget; currently $ 29B and $ 9.0B respectively. Almost one out of every four dollars in the consolidated budget comes from U.S. federal subsidies while government-owned

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In the late 19th century, with the arrival of the first printing press and the founding of the Royal Academy of Belles Letters, Puerto Rican literature began to flourish. The first writers to express their political views in regard to Spanish colonial rule of the island were journalists.

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Academically, most of Puerto Rico's economic woes stem from federal regulations that expired, have been repealed, or no longer apply to Puerto Rico; its inability to become self-sufficient and self-sustainable throughout history; its highly politicized public policy which tends to change

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coming back, as many Puerto Ricans engage in 'circular migration'. Small numbers of non-Puerto Rican Hispanics in Puerto Rico are actually American-born migrants from the mainland U.S. and not recent immigrants. Most recent immigrants settle in and around the San Juan metropolitan area.

1569:, Puerto Rico and Cuba were the last two Spanish colonies in the New World; they served as Spain's final outposts in a strategy to regain control of the American continents. Realizing that it was in danger of losing its two remaining Caribbean territories, the Spanish Crown revived the 2044:, which significantly modify cooler air moving in from the north and northwest. Coastal water temperatures during the year are about 75 °F (24 °C) in February and 85 °F (29 °C) in August. The highest temperature ever recorded was 110 °F (43 °C) at 224: 223: 7815:

pr.gov (in Spanish) "Algunas de las industrias más destacadas dentro del sector de la manufactura son: las farmacéuticas, los textiles, los petroquímicos, las computadoras, la electrónica y las compañías dedicadas a la manufactura de instrumentos médicos y científicos, entre

3769:. An internal survey conducted by the Puerto Rican Economists Association revealed that the majority of Puerto Rican economists reject the policy recommendations of the Board and the Rosselló government, with more than 80% of economists arguing in favor of auditing the debt. 6298:

to its present-day status. Written works by the native islanders of Puerto Rico were prohibited and repressed by the Spanish colonial government. Only those who were commissioned by the Spanish Crown to document the chronological history of the island were allowed to write.

4242:(FCC). As of 2007, there were 30 TV stations, 125 radio stations and roughly 1 million TV sets on the island. Cable TV subscription services are available, and the U.S. Armed Forces Radio and Television Service also broadcast on the island. Puerto Rico also has its own 225: 12992:

Turner, Rebecca M.; Brockerhoff, Eckehard G.; Bertelsmeier, Cleo; Blake, Rachael E.; Caton, Barney; James, Alex; MacLeod, Alan; Nahrung, Helen F.; Pawson, Stephen M.; Plank, Michael J.; Pureswaran, Deepa S.; Seebens, Hanno; Yamanaka, Takehiko; Liebhold, Andrew M. (2021).

8429: 11585:. By Sanford Levinson and Bartholomew H. Sparrow. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. 2005. pp. 166, 178. "U.S. citizenship was extended to residents of Puerto Rico by virtue of the Jones Act, chap. 190, 39 Stat. 951 (1971)(codified at 48 U.S.C. § 731 (1987)") 3141:(LANTCOM after 1993 USACOM), which had authority over all U.S. military operations that took place throughout the Atlantic. Puerto Rico had been seen as crucial in supporting LANTCOM's mission until 1999, when U.S. Atlantic Command was renamed and given a new mission as 2983:. Such agreements require permission from the U.S. Department of State; most are simply allowed by existing laws or trade treaties between the U.S. and other nations which supersede trade agreements pursued by Puerto Rico and different U.S. states. Puerto Rico hosts 2858:

similar to that of a U.S. state, there is also a U.S. federal district court in Puerto Rico, and Puerto Ricans have served as judges in that Court and in other federal courts on the U.S. mainland regardless of their residency status at the time of their appointment.

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Quintero (2013; in Spanish) "Los indicadores de una economía débil son muchos, y la economía en Puerto Rico está sumamente debilitada, según lo evidencian la tasa de desempleo (13.5%), los altos niveles de pobreza (41.7%), los altos niveles de quiebra y la pérdida

5537:, which was suppressed under the Spanish Catholic regime, has reemerged under U.S. rule, making contemporary Puerto Rico more interconfessional than in previous centuries, although Catholicism continues to be the dominant religion. The first Protestant church, 2277:

system, located in the northeast of the island. It was previously known as the Caribbean National Forest. El Yunque is home to more than 240 plants, 26 of which are endemic to the island. It is also home to 50 bird species, including the critically endangered

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helped the population of Puerto Rico grow from 155,426 in 1800 to almost a million by the close of the 19th century. A census conducted by royal decree on 30 September 1858, gave the following totals of the Puerto Rican population at that time: 341,015 were

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loss of promotional participation opportunities for customers "outside the continental United States". While some online stores do offer free shipping on orders to Puerto Rico, many merchants exclude Hawaii, Alaska, Puerto Rico and other U.S. territories.

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A tourism campaign was launched by Discover Puerto Rico in 2018 intended to highlight the island's culture and history, branding it distinct, and different from other Caribbean destinations. In 2019, Discover Puerto Rico planned to continue that campaign.

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on 6 September 2017, as it passed about 60 mi (97 km) north of Puerto Rico, but high winds caused a loss of electrical power to some one million residents. Almost 50% of hospitals were operating with power provided by generators. The Category 4

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Puerto Rico experienced a recession from 2006 to 2011, interrupted by four quarters of economic growth, and entered into recession again in 2013, following growing fiscal imbalance and the expiration of the IRS Section 936 corporate incentives that the

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for the District of Puerto Rico is conducted in English. English is the primary language of less than 10% of the population. Spanish is the dominant language of business, education and daily life on the island, spoken by nearly 95% of the population.

5378:, the number of Puerto Ricans living outside of Puerto Rico in the U.S. is almost twice as many as those living in Puerto Rico. As those who leave tend to be better educated than those who remain, this accentuates the drain on Puerto Rico's economy. 1978:, the largest and deepest trench in the Atlantic, is located about 71 mi (114 km) north of Puerto Rico at the boundary between the Caribbean and North American plates. It is 170 mi (270 km) long. At its deepest point, named the 5614:

community, the Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos / St. Spyridon's Church is located in Trujillo Alto, and serves the small Orthodox community in the area. In 2017, the church entered communion with the Roman Catholic Church, becoming the first

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6.4-magnitude quake strikes Puerto Rico, killing at least 1 amid heavy seismic activity: "We've never been exposed to this kind of emergency in 102 years," Gov. Wanda Vázquez said as the island grapples with ongoing aftershocks and assesses the

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Soler-Figueroa, Brenda María; Otero, Ernesto (1 January 2015). "The Influence of Rain Regimes and Nutrient Loading on the Abundance of Two Dinoflagellate Species in a Tropical Bioluminescent Bay, Bahía Fosforescente, La Parguera, Puerto Rico".

8786:"Documenting a Puerto Rican Identity | In Search of a National Identity: Nineteenth and Early-Twentieth-Century Puerto Rico | Articles and Essays | Puerto Rico at the Dawn of the Modern Age: Nineteenth- and Early-Twentieth-Century Perspectives" 3800:

including present time, all budgets contemplated issuing bonds to cover these projected deficits rather than making structural adjustments. This practice increased Puerto Rico's cumulative debt, as the government had already been issuing bonds

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Caribbean. With the closing of the Roosevelt Roads and Vieques Island training facilities, the U.S. Navy has basically exited from Puerto Rico, except for the ships that steam by, and the only significant military presence in the island is the

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vary in size, with the smallest examples around eight inches tall and the largest about twenty inches tall. Traditionally, santos were seen as messengers between the earth and Heaven. As such, they occupied a special place on household

3180:– which performs missions equivalent to those of the Army National Guards of different U.S. states, including ground defense, disaster relief, and control of civil unrest. The local National Guard also incorporates a branch of the U.S. 4223:

in Puerto Rico. It is the only entity authorized to conduct such business in Puerto Rico, effectively making it a government monopoly. Its existence is designated by Law No. 40 of 1 May 1945, including the corresponding amendments.

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themselves as Catholic, 29% as Protestant and 20% as unaffiliated with a religion. The people surveyed by Pew consisted of Puerto Ricans living in the 50 states and DC and may not be indicative of those living in the Commonwealth.

3137:. The Adjutant General, in turn, delegates the authority over the State Guard to another officer but retains the authority over the Puerto Rico National Guard as a whole. U.S. military installations in Puerto Rico were part of the 2822:

funding it would receive if it were a U.S. state. Also, Medicare providers receive less-than-full state-like reimbursements for services rendered to beneficiaries in Puerto Rico, even though the latter paid fully into the system.

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Early, Regan; Bradley, Bethany A.; Dukes, Jeffrey S.; Lawler, Joshua J.; Olden, Julian D.; Blumenthal, Dana M.; Gonzalez, Patrick; Grosholz, Edwin D.; Ibañez, Ines; Miller, Luke P.; Sorte, Cascade J. B.; Tatem, Andrew J. (2016).

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government-owned corporations add a heavy burden to the overall budget and public debt, as none is self-sufficient. For example, in FY2011 the government-owned corporations reported aggregated losses of more than $ 1.3B with the

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Both entities frequently assist the Department of State of Puerto Rico in engaging with Washington, D.C.-based ambassadors and federal agencies that handle Puerto Rico's foreign affairs, such as the U.S. Department of State, the

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In 1898, during the Spanish–American War, Puerto Rico was invaded and subsequently became a possession of the U.S. The first years of the 20th century were marked by the struggle to obtain greater democratic rights from the U.S.

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religion and the vast majority of their cultural and moral values and traditions. The United States added English-language influence, the university system and the adoption of some holidays and practices. On 12 March 1903, the

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The homicide rate of 19.2 per 100,000 inhabitants was significantly higher than any U.S. state in 2014. Most homicide victims are gang members and drug traffickers with about 80% of homicides in Puerto Rico being drug related.

9714: 6755:', the Spanish Governor's Palace. The first free election for governor of the U.S. territory of Puerto Rico was honored on 27 April 1949, at San Juan, Puerto Rico. 'Inauguration' on the 3-cent stamp refers to the election of 5569:. David Stoll calculates that if we extrapolate the growth rates of evangelical churches from 1960 to 1985 for another twenty-five years Puerto Rico will become 75 percent evangelical. (Ana Adams: "Brincando el Charco..." in 8906:

General Accounting Office publication number GAO-06-541. US Gen. Acctg. Office, Washington, DC. 19 May 2006. Public Release: 23 June 2006. (Note: All residents of Puerto Rico pay federal taxes, with the exception of federal

8492: 4262:). Amateur radio operators (also known as ham radio operators) are a well-known group in the island and can obtain special vehicle license plates with their callsign on them. They have been a key element in disaster relief. 3773:

Rossello rejected this plan as unjustified and unnecessary. Pension reforms were also discussed including a proposal for a 10% reduction in benefits to begin addressing the $ 50 billion in unfunded pension liabilities.

15324: 5564:

Puerto Rico, by virtue of its long political association with the United States, is the most Protestant of Latin American countries, with a Protestant population of approximately 33 to 38 percent, the majority of whom are

3862:

Losses by government-owned corporations have been defrayed through the issuance of bonds compounding more than 40% of Puerto Rico's entire public debt today. Holistically, from FY2000–FY2010 Puerto Rico's debt grew at a

3449:

a federal crime and rates decreased per statistics, but as of 2019, the problem continued in municipalities like Guaynabo and others. From 1 January 2019 to 14 March 2019, thirty carjackings had occurred on the island.

14465: 14302: 1787:

The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico has an area of 5,320 square miles (13,800 km), of which 3,420 sq mi (8,900 km) is land and 1,900 sq mi (4,900 km) is water. Puerto Rico is larger than

8073: 12943:

Aukema, Juliann E.; McCullough, Deborah G.; Von Holle, Betsy; Liebhold, Andrew M.; Britton, Kerry; Frankel, Susan J. (2010). "Historical Accumulation of Nonindigenous Forest Pests in the Continental United States".

12595:

McCullough, Deborah G.; Work, Timothy T.; Cavey, Joseph F.; Liebhold, Andrew M.; Marshall, David (2006). "Interceptions of nonindigenous plant pests at US ports of entry and border crossings over a 17-year period".

7675:

Los españoles le cambiaron el nombre de Borikén a San Juan Bautista y a la capital le llamaron Ciudad de Puerto Rico. Con los años, Ciudad de Puerto Rico pasó a ser San Juan, y San Juan Bautista pasó a ser Puerto

3938:

cannot stop in Puerto Rico, offload Puerto Rico-bound goods, load mainland-bound Puerto Rico-manufactured goods, and continue to U.S. ports. Instead, they must proceed directly to U.S. ports, where distributors

3022:, manages all its intergovernmental affairs before entities of or in the U.S. (including the federal government of the U.S., local and state governments of the U.S., and public or private entities in the U.S.). 1416:("Rich Port City"). Eventually traders and other maritime visitors came to refer to the entire island as Puerto Rico, while San Juan became the name used for the main trading/shipping port and the capital city. 13374: 15874: 6070: 4091:

is the largest in Puerto Rico, and the busiest port in the Caribbean and the 10th busiest in the United States in terms of commercial activity and cargo movement, respectively. The second largest port is the

11245: 1565:, Puerto Rico was a stepping-stone in the passage from Europe to Cuba, Mexico, Central America, and the northern territories of South America. Throughout most of the 19th century until the conclusion of the 16373: 11557:

U.S. Const. art. IV, § 3, cl. 2 ("The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States ...").

7845:

Vera Rosa (2013; in Spanish) "Aunque Puerto Rico mueve entre el sector público y privado $ 15 billones en el área de salud, las deficiencias en el sistema todavía no alcanzan un nivel de eficiencia óptimo."

7825:

Torrech San Inocencio (2011; in Spanish) "Con los más de $ 1,500 millones anuales que recibimos en asistencia federal para alimentos podríamos desarrollar una industria alimentaria autosuficiente en Puerto

6400: 220: 6628: 3268:

has considered their deactivations, but these have been opposed by diverse public and private entities in Puerto Rico – such as retired military who rely on Ft. Buchanan for the services available there.

13966: 8030: 10665: 9736: 15427: 9706: 5015:

and 3.4% were Hispanic of non-Puerto Rican origins. Only 1.1% of the population was non-Hispanic. The population of Puerto Rico according to the 2020 census was 3,285,874, an 11.8% decrease since the

6759:, the first democratically elected governor of Puerto Rico. San Juan, Puerto Rico was commemorated with an 8-cent stamp on its 450th anniversary issued 12 September 1971, featuring a sentry box from 15094: 12887:

Liebhold, Andrew M; Brockerhoff, Eckehard G; Garrett, Lynn J; Parke, Jennifer L; Britton, Kerry O (2012). "Live plant imports: the major pathway for forest insect and pathogen invasions of the US".

8996: 6340:

as a springboard to reflect on Caribbean identity. After this first novel, Hostos abandoned fiction in favor of the essay which he saw as offering greater possibilities for inspiring social change.

16970: 16918: 13912: 1550:. The Taíno people's numbers went dangerously low during the later half of the 16th century because of new infectious diseases carried by Europeans, exploitation by Spanish settlers, and warfare. 20650: 10635: 7487: 1990:

between Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic, is another prominent oceanic landform with steep walls measuring between 1.25 and 2.17 miles (2.01 and 3.49 km) in height from bottom to top.

222: 15596: 13591: 13464: 10073: 14978: 2384: 1800:. The maximum length of the main island from east to west is 110 mi (180 km), and the maximum width from north to south is 40 mi (64 km). Puerto Rico is the smallest of the 14772: 13633: 13338: 2084:. A cyclone of tropical storm strength passes near Puerto Rico, on average, every five years. A hurricane passes in the vicinity of the island, on average, every seven years. Since 1851, the 13417:

Almost all of Puerto Rico's hotels are open for business. The beaches are ready for swimming and sunbathing, and even remote places to visit like El Yunque rainforest are receiving visitors.

9288: 7135:, held annually in San Juan, has been ranked among the 20 most competitive races globally. The "Puerto Rico All Stars" team, which has won twelve world championships in unicycle basketball. 1815:

The topography of the island is mostly mountainous with large flat areas in the northern and southern coasts. The main mountain range that crosses the island from east to west is called the

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The architecture of Puerto Rico demonstrates a broad variety of traditions, styles and national influences accumulated over four centuries of Spanish rule, and a century of American rule.

5811:

males and 94.4% for females. According to the 2000 Census, 60.0% of the population attained a high school degree or higher level of education, and 18.3% has a bachelor's degree or higher.

3749:

posed serious problems for the government which was saddled with outstanding bond debt that had climbed to $ 70 billion. The debt had been increasing during a decade-long recession.

2184:. Local initiatives are working toward mitigation and adaptation goals, and international aid programs support reconstruction after extreme weather events and encourage disaster planning. 14385: 13560: 4699: 18922: 14422: 3035: 10695: 8785: 7740:

article from 1899, after which the spelling was kept by many agencies and entities because of the ethnic and linguistic pride of the English-speaking citizens of the American mainland.

3169:. Protests over the noise of bombing practice forced the closure of the naval base. This resulted in a loss of 6,000 jobs and an annual decrease in local income of $ 300 million. 16978: 12460: 8397: 5139:

included a racial self-identification question in Puerto Rico. According to the census, most Puerto Ricans identified as white and Latino; few identified as black or some other race.

5132:), which allowed European Catholics to settle in the island with land allotments in the interior of the island, provided they paid taxes and continued to support the Catholic Church. 5022:

Censuses of Puerto Rico were completed by Spain in 1765, 1775, 1800, 1815, 1832, 1846 and 1857, yet some of the data remained untabulated and was not considered reliable according to

1744:. Of these five, only Culebra and Vieques are inhabited year-round. Mona, which has played a key role in maritime history, is uninhabited most of the year except for employees of the 12435: 10609: 20592: 8504: 2613:

in 1692. Increased settlement in the 18th century saw 30 more communities established, following 34 in the 19th century. Six were founded in the 20th century, the most recent being

11267: 11206: 10726: 10227: 8967: 6194: 17138: 13489: 6230:

depict figures of saints and other religious icons and are made from native wood, clay, and stone. After shaping simple, they are often finished by painting them in vivid colors.

2255:, recognized as of 1998. Most of these (234, 12 and 33 respectively) are found on the main island. The most recognizable endemic species and a symbol of Puerto Rican pride is the 13095:, July 2012. Accessed on 19 August 2012. Note: GDP per capita data are "PPP Converted GDP Per Capita, average GEKS-CPDW, at current prices (in I$ )", labeled as variable "cgdp2". 12063: 17017: 15116: 12560: 4246:, which differ from those of the contiguous United States in that there are two letter before the number. The most well-known prefix is KP4, but others separated for use on the 2540: 2159:

The Puerto Rico Climate Change Council (PRCCC) noted severe changes in seven categories: air temperature, precipitation, extreme weather events, tropical storms and hurricanes,

1745: 9770: 8008: 15660: 14455: 14309: 10552: 9576:

Roselló, Pedro Luis Perea (April–June 1963). Santiago, Maria García; Vega, Pedro Malavey; González, José M. Novoa; Goyco, Edwin Toro (eds.). "Res communes omnium". Doctrina.

7863:

González (2012; in Spanish) " al analizarse la deuda pública de la Isla contra el Producto Interno Bruto (PIB), se ubicaría en una relación deuda/PIB de 68% aproximadamente."

2959:

It has also established trade promotion offices in many foreign countries, all Spanish-speaking, and within the U.S. itself, which now include Spain, the Dominican Republic,

16328: 11711: 15350: 11329:"U.S. Department of State. Foreign Affairs Manual: Volume 7 – Consular Affairs (7 FAM 1120), 'Acquisition of U.S. Nationality in U.S. Territories and Possessions', pp. 1–3" 18838: 6115:

During the 1940s, sections of Old San Juan fell into disrepair, and many renovation plans were suggested. There was even a strong push to develop Old San Juan as a "small

5607:, indicated that only 56% of Puerto Ricans were Catholic, 33% were Protestant, and 8% were unaffiliated; this survey was completed between October 2013 and February 2014. 3963:

and the military preparedness of the U.S. A 2018 study by economists at Boston-based Reeve & Associates and Puerto Rico-based Estudios Tecnicos has concluded that the

3416: 19080: 18167: 15843: 6627: 20123: 19350: 15305: 9589: 16683: 2729:. Specifically, the basic question is whether Puerto Rico should remain an unincorporated territory of the U.S., become a U.S. state, or become an independent country. 20720: 19809: 15203: 13370: 12234: 8845: 15868: 13863: 11850: 16887: 15479: 13433: 5699:, hired its first rabbi in 1954. Puerto Rico has the largest Jewish community in the Caribbean, numbering 3000 people, and is the only Caribbean island in which the 5420:

fluent in English. English is taught as a second language and is a compulsory subject from elementary levels to high school. The languages of the deaf community are

1553:

Located in the northeastern Caribbean, Puerto Rico formed a key part of the Spanish Empire from the early years of the exploration, conquest and colonization of the

15777: 15320: 14794: 14252: 11237: 11130:

Alberts, Allison; Lemm, Jeffrey; Grant, Tandora; Jackintell, Lori (2004), "Testing the Utility of Headstarting as a Conservation Strategy for West Indian Iguanas",

10514: 6567: 20226: 18003: 17965: 16359: 3065:, mostly but not exclusively in Latin America. For example, Maricarmen Aponte, a Puerto Rican and now an acting assistant secretary of state, previously served as 743: 13241: 12168:

Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense, Reserve Affairs; "Official Guard and Reserve Manpower Strengths and Statistics – Summary End Fiscal Year 1996;" 1996

11621: 8878: 7483: 5923:

companies, rather than employing government-owned hospitals and emergency centers. The Reform is administered by the Puerto Rico Health Insurance Administration.

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into returning to the church, while tribal Africans used them as protection from the evil spirits they represented. True to their historic origins, Puerto Rican

5435:

has evolved into having many idiosyncrasies in vocabulary and syntax that differentiate it from the Spanish spoken elsewhere. Puerto Rican Spanish utilizes many

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The former U.S. Navy facilities at Roosevelt Roads, Vieques, and Sabana Seca have been deactivated and partially turned over to the local government. Other than

3216:

At different times in the 20th century, the U.S. had about 25 military or naval installations in Puerto Rico. The largest of these installations were the former

3066: 14054: 10360: 10209: 6498: 5800: 5596: 1557:. The island was a major military post during many wars between Spain and other European powers for control of the region in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. 20099: 16203: 14100: 13983: 12598: 7265: 5953:), African, and, more recently, some North American and many South Americans. Many Cubans and Dominicans have relocated to the island in the past few decades. 3653:

throughout time. Puerto Rico currently has a public debt of $ 72.204 billion (equivalent to 103% of GNP), and a government deficit of $ 2.5 billion.

3039: 2999: 2942: 2501: 2040:

Between the dry and wet seasons, there is a temperature change of around 6 °F (3.3 °C). This change is due mainly to the warm waters of the tropical

15401: 15375: 15060: 10657: 10099: 9872: 9744: 8038: 2994:

At the local level, Puerto Rico established by law that the international relations which states and territories are allowed to engage must be handled by the

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JOC (2013) "The GAO report said its interviews with shippers indicated they believed that opening the trade to non-U.S.-flag competition could lower costs."

7854:

Vera Rosado (2013; in Spanish) "Para mejorar la calidad de servicio, que se impacta principalmente por deficiencias administrativas y no por falta de dinero"

7754: 6506: 5512: 4238:

Telecommunications in Puerto Rico includes radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet. Broadcasting in Puerto Rico is regulated by the

2020:. Temperatures are warm to hot year round, averaging near 85 °F (29 °C) in lower elevations and 70 °F (21 °C) in the mountains. Easterly 1605: 1240: 15747: 14182: 14028: 12011:

She noted that her campaign to become resident commissioner garnered more votes in 2016 than any other candidate for office in the unincorporated territory.

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Pueblo v. Tribunal Superior, 92 D.P.R. 596 (1965). Translation taken from the English text, 92 P.R.R. 580 (1965), pp. 588–89. See also López-Baralt Negrón,

6751:

Puerto Rico has been commemorated on four U.S. postal stamps. Insular Territories were commemorated in 1937, the third stamp honored Puerto Rico featuring '

18913: 15475:

Tesauro de datos historicos: indice compendioso de la literatura histórica de Puerto Rico, incluyendo algunos datos inéditos, periodísticos y cartográficos

15091: 13175: 12383: 11734:"Puerto Rico Manufacturers Association, CEO Summit, Federal and Local Incentives: Where we are, Where We Want to be. Amaya Iraolagoitia, Partner, Tax Dept" 10244: 8992: 6254:. Similar masks signifying evil spirits were used in both Spain and Africa, though for different purposes. The Spanish used their masks to frighten lapsed 4176:) was signed. This law authorized PREPA to sell infrastructure and services to other providers. As a result, a contract was signed on 22 June 2020, making 4140: 3832: 2380: 1651: 19834: 16982: 14215: 13901: 12409: 10748: 9023: 20710: 20700: 19366: 6123:

in Old San Juan. The paradigm to reconstruct and renovate the old city and revitalize it has been followed by other cities in the Americas, particularly

5371:

in 2017, combined with the unincorporated territory's worsening economy, led to its greatest population decline since the U.S. acquired the archipelago.

3656:

By American standards, Puerto Rico is underdeveloped: It is poorer than Mississippi, the poorest state of the U.S., with 41% of its population below the

3552: 16922: 12516: 10631: 20402: 18809: 18197: 18126: 16109: 15978: 15588: 15173: 13583: 13456: 10077: 7704:. It had been using the former spelling in its legislative and judicial records since it acquired the archipelago. Patricia Gherovici states that both 5814:

Instruction at the primary school level is compulsory between the ages of 5 and 18. As of 2010, there are 1539 public schools and 806 private schools.

5763:

for example having a branch in San Juan. There are several atheist activist and educational organizations, and an atheistic parody religion called the

4863: 4827: 4809: 4791: 4773: 4737: 4719: 4680: 2331: 16546: 14970: 13805: 13404: 13312: 9224: 5092:

and numerous Spanish loyalists from Spain's former colonies in South America. Settlers from outside Spain also arrived in the islands, including from

3692:

and electricity generation, as well as its dependency on food imports and raw materials, makes Puerto Rico volatile and highly reactive to changes in

19763: 14764: 11771:

An Overview of the Special Tax Rules Related to Puerto Rico and an Analysis of the Tax and Economic Policy Implications of Recent Legislative Options

7128: 3848: 2517: 1127: 13664: 13641: 13348: 7930:

Santiago (2021) "Local detractors of the Jones Act for many years have unsuccessfully tried to have Puerto Rico excluded from the law's provisions"

5965:

was officially founded, branching out from the "Escuela Normal Industrial", a smaller organization that was founded in Fajardo three years earlier.

5451:

were adopted in the contexts of foods, music, and dances, particularly in coastal towns with concentrations of descendants of Sub-Saharan Africans.

2814:. Residents of Puerto Rico pay into Social Security, and are thus eligible for Social Security benefits upon retirement. They are excluded from the 2088:(also known as the San Felipe Segundo hurricane in Puerto Rico) of September 1928 is the only hurricane to make landfall as a Category 5 hurricane. 19753: 16397:

for the fiscal year ended on 31 December 2005, pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, accessed on 4 November 2006.

12273: 11933: 9680: 9662: 9280: 8300: 6309:("Description of the Island and City of Puerto Rico"). This historical book was the first to make a detailed geographic description of the island. 2270: 719: 14581: 13838: 12356: 11376: 5351:, poverty, cheap airfares, and promotion by the island government caused waves of Puerto Ricans to move to the U.S. mainland, particularly to the 20660: 20645: 20146: 19343: 16173: 14737: 14687: 10579: 10386: 10192: 10130: 7064: 5768: 5732: 3525: 2459: 13208: 11061: 19802: 15947: 14396: 13552: 2753: 1451: 15825: 14833: 12494: 11684: 10290: 10264: 9641: 5581:

article in March 2014 stated that "more than 70 percent of whom identify themselves as Catholic" but provided no source for this information.

5447:

are most often used in the context of vegetation, natural phenomena, and native musical instruments. Similarly, words attributed to primarily

5328:. In fact, non-hispanic people represent 1.1% and majority of them are from the U.S. mainland. Smaller numbers of U.S. citizens come from the 2120:

became the third hurricane in three years to hit Puerto Rico. The recovering infrastructure from the 2017 hurricanes, as well as new governor

20695: 17970: 11082:

Ewel, J.L. & J.L. Whitmore. 1973. The ecological life zones of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. USDA For. Serv. Res. Pap. ITF-18.

11024: 10687: 5277: 851: 18192: 15918: 15694: 13516: 8386: 7911:

MRGI (2008) "Many female migrants leave their families behind due to the risk of illegal travel and the high cost of living in Puerto Rico."

3575:, and for pathogens in plant parts in baggage and cargo. Pathogen interceptions were dramatically (17%) higher 1999–2000 than in 1985–1986. 2668:

free from U.S. authority. In terms of party strength, the PPD and PNP usually hold about 47% of the vote each while the PIP holds about 5%.

20129: 18018: 17274: 16722: 16000: 15626: 15501: 15008: 10601: 9969: 8573: 7479: 5868: 5163:

Puerto Rico has a life expectancy of approximately 82.1 years according to the CIA World Factbook, an improvement from 78.7 years in 2010.

4064:

in Aguadilla, and 27 local airports. The Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport is the largest aerial transportation hub in the Caribbean.

3827:

For practical reasons the budget is divided into two aspects: a "general budget" which comprises the assignments funded exclusively by the

3369:

Puerto Rico is the only current U.S. jurisdiction whose legal system operates primarily in a language other than American English: namely,

896: 289: 16052: 11973: 5359:. This trend continued even as Puerto Rico's economy improved and its birth rate declined. Puerto Ricans continue to follow a pattern of " 20680: 14872: 14664: 13761: 12304: 11274: 11214: 10718: 10220: 7029: 6646:

century, from the U.S. Puerto Rican music culture today comprises a wide and rich variety of genres, ranging from indigenous genres like

4049: 13139: 12054: 11733: 8959: 2636:

PNP, on the other hand, has ruled both the executive and legislative branch concurrently for 16 years. The other 12 years experienced a

2172:

Surveys have shown climate change is a matter of concern for most Puerto Ricans. The territory has enacted laws and policies concerning

1686:

during the 3 November 2020 general elections; the ballot asked one question: "Should Puerto Rico be admitted immediately into the Union

19839: 19336: 17237: 17006: 16493: 15101:

Universe: Foreign-born population in Puerto Rico excluding population born at sea. 2010–2014 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates

15038: 13056: 11503: 9615: 4588: 4200: 4194: 4031:('Urban Train'). Other forms of Puerto Rican public transport include seaborne ferries that serve Puerto Rico's archipelago as well as 3856: 3015: 1589: 1291: 127: 99: 15112: 14915: 12552: 10025: 9182:"¡Adelante Hermanas de la Raza!, Josefina Silva de Cintron and Puerto Rican Women's Feminismo. – The New York's World Fair: 1939–1940" 8595: 6763:. In the "Flags of our nation series" 2008–2012, of the fifty-five, five territorial flags were featured. Forever stamps included the 6034:, and many other architectural forms are visible throughout the island. From town to town, there are also many regional distinctions. 5619:

in Puerto Rico. This affiliation accounted for under 1% of the population in 2010 according to the Pew Research report. There are two

2072:, similar to the rest of the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean. On average, a quarter of its annual rainfall is contributed from 1431:

in Italian, French, and Portuguese). The name was changed back to Puerto Rico in 1931 by a joint resolution in Congress introduced by

20670: 20392: 19982: 19795: 18786: 18172: 18079: 17355: 17287: 13088: 12959: 9766: 8856: 8000: 7712:

were used interchangeably in the news media and documentation before, during, and after the U.S. conquest of the island in 1898. The

7198: 7190: 6918: 6711:. In 1907, Paoli was the first operatic artist in world history to record an entire opera – when he participated in a performance of 5624: 2716: 2551: 1647: 1268: 1174: 799: 16267: 15652: 10051: 7217: 7208:

Puerto Rican athletes have won ten medals in Olympic competition (two gold, two silver, six bronze), the first one in 1948 by boxer

5320:. Additionally, there are many non-Puerto Rican U.S. citizens settling in Puerto Rico from the U.S. mainland, majority of which are 4061: 1850:, most of which originate in the Cordillera Central. Rivers in the northern region of the island are typically longer and of higher 18906: 18668: 17808: 12889: 10544: 10324: 6910: 6080:

The oldest parts of the district of Old San Juan remain partly enclosed by massive walls. Several defensive structures and notable

5850: 2871:

of the U.S. Supreme Court. Puerto Ricans have also been frequently appointed to high-level federal positions, including serving as

2700: 2696: 2581:; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the U.S. government. Municipalities are subdivided into wards or 311: 16336: 15345: 11707: 7142:

has gathered some exposition, with teams like "Puerto Rico Street Ball" competing against established organizations including the

5976:

has been made official by the Government of Puerto Rico. Other popular, traditional, or unofficial symbols of Puerto Rico are the

3824:

spent on debt service. Harsher budget cuts are expected as Puerto Rico must now repay larger chunks of debts in the coming years.

20725: 16447: 14945: 14010: 13768: 12031: 11359: 10774: 7358:, but the term is not considered offensive by Puerto Ricans. It has been most famously used by Puerto Rican musicians, including 6001: 3836: 3786: 3638: 2637: 2626: 2489: 1287: 1260: 588: 155: 12120: 11500:"Special committee on decolonization approves text calling on United States to expedite Puerto Rican self-determination process" 9258: 9131: 8896:

PUERTO RICO: Fiscal Relations with the Federal Government and Economic Trends during the Phaseout of the Possessions Tax Credit.

8459: 2285:

In addition to El Yunque National Forest, the Puerto Rican moist forest ecoregion is represented by protected areas such as the

1294:, launched a series of economic projects to develop Puerto Rico into an industrial high-income economy. It is classified by the 20246: 18119: 16703: 15847: 13106: 11908: 11105: 5635: 4155:

in Puerto Rico. PREPA was, by law, the only entity authorized to conduct such business in Puerto Rico, effectively making it a

2847: 2722: 2645: 2493: 2355: 1315: 114: 14633: 11599: 7734:

caused the name of the island to be officially misspelled". However, Gervasio Luis Garcia traces the Anglicized spelling to a

5519:

in 1511. In 1512, priests were established for the parochial churches. By 1759, there was a priest for each church. One Pope,

16700: 16680: 16657: 16624: 16530: 15902: 14909: 14866: 12218: 12187: 11303: 11139: 10859: 10840: 10382: 9858: 9436: 9397: 9329: 9193: 9168: 9062: 8769: 8742: 8715: 8682: 8540: 7229: 7083:

acts as the top-level professional basketball league in Puerto Rico and has experienced success since its beginning in 1930.

6077:. It also houses the oldest Catholic school for elementary education in Puerto Rico, the Colegio de Párvulos, built in 1865. 5860: 5838: 4965: 3828: 3801: 2930: 2326:

being the first focus for the reintroduction of the highly endangered Puerto Rican parrot outside of the Sierra de Luquillo.

2170:

Climate change also affects Puerto Rico's population, the economy, human health, and the number of people forced to migrate.

1210: 409: 15226: 15195: 13278: 11708:"The Heritage Foundation, 11 March 2009. "D.C. Voting Rights: No Representation? No Taxation!", By Robert A. Book, PhD" 11328: 9940: 9488: 9442: 9403: 9335: 8842: 8826: 5695:; this religion accounts for under 1% of the population in 2010 according to the Pew Research report. The synagogue, called 2887:

A map of Puerto Rico showing its 78 municipalities; the islands of Vieques and Culebra have their own municipal governments.

20276: 19687: 18673: 17825: 17783: 17672: 17618: 16738:"Flags of our nation series 2008–2012, Arago: people, postage & the post", National Postal Museum. Viewed 7 March 2014. 14425:[AEE Employees Protest Against LUMA at the Federal Courthouse and Fiscal Oversight Management Board Headquarters]. 13874: 12253: 7186: 7182: 7048: 5969:

Caribbean and North America have played a vital role in the more recent musical influences which have reached Puerto Rico.

4124: 4118: 4016: 3959:

application of the Jones Act for Puerto Rico are highly uncertain" for both Puerto Rico and the U.S., particularly for the

3852: 3046: 3027: 3019: 2761: 2665: 2574: 2532: 1593: 1441: 1256: 1162: 604: 17192: 16895: 14281:"GAO-13-260, Puerto Rico: Characteristics of the Island's Maritime Trade and Potential Effects of Modifying the Jones Act" 13945: 13429: 12330: 11824: 10522: 6685: 6089: 3765:

extended to 31 May. It is essential for Puerto Rico to reach restructuring deals to avoid a bankruptcy-like process under

3516:(primarily pharmaceuticals, textiles, petrochemicals and electronics) followed by services (primarily finance, insurance, 20477: 18899: 17793: 17773: 17403: 17385: 15781: 15146: 14802: 13941: 8854:

GREGORIO IGARTÚA, ET AL., Plaintiffs, Appellants, v. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, ET AL., Defendants, Appellees. No. 09-2186

7441:), a direct reference to the island's size in nautical miles. Various Puerto Rican singers have used the term, including 7052: 6391:

With the Puerto Rican diaspora of the 1940s, Puerto Rican literature was greatly influenced by a phenomenon known as the

5938: 5885: 5824: 5416:

Out of people aged five and older, 94.3% speak only Spanish at home, 5.5% speak English, and 0.2% speak other languages.

3746: 3412: 3336: 2843: 2672: 2649: 2509: 2481: 2474: 2152:, Puerto Rico is the most affected by climate change. The territory's energy consumption is mainly derived from imported 1968: 1683: 1657: 614: 558: 539: 12147: 9540: 8247: 5538: 236: 17423: 17398: 17365: 17335: 16406:

Giovannetti, Jorge L. "Popular Music and Culture in Puerto Rico: Jamaican and Rap Music as Cross-Cultural Symbols", in

15544: 13697: 13251: 11625: 10790:"An assessment of the impacts of climate change on Puerto Rico's Cultural Heritage with a case study on sea-level rise" 9995: 8934: 8872: 7097: 7013: 6948: 6914: 6587: 5854: 4538: 3820: 3782: 3463: 3384: 2995: 2657: 2555: 2554:. Residents of Puerto Rico, including other U.S. citizens, cannot vote in U.S. presidential elections, but can vote in 2443: 2335: 1619:

applied within its territory and that any domestic Puerto Rican laws which did not conflict with it remained in force.

1512: 1202: 832: 16971:"Who is Mónica Puig the Puerto Rico player who won the gold medal in the Rio 2016 Olympic Games women's tennis final?" 16470: 11651: 11415: 10991: 7399:

area is 3,513 m² (9,100 km²), with land covering 3,424 m² (8,868 km²) and internal costal waters 89 m² (232 km²). Its

2148:

has had large impacts on the ecosystems and landscapes of the US territory Puerto Rico. According to a 2019 report by

1838: 19136: 18112: 17894: 17640: 17496: 17413: 17408: 16394: 16293: 16030: 14337: 13987: 11533: 11443: 10350: 10203: 7577: 7291: 5946: 5942: 5117: 4532: 4239: 4004: 3571:

and other plant parts – both in terms of number of problems and diversity of species – for insects in plant parts in

3248:

in San Juan, the former U.S. Air Force's Ramey Air Force Base in Aguadilla, and the Puerto Rico Air National Guard's

3061:

Many Puerto Ricans have served as U.S. ambassadors to different nations and international organizations, such as the

3050: 3003: 2838:

Many federal executive branch agencies have significant presence in Puerto Rico, just as in any state, including the

2339: 2293: 1615: (1906), involving the Foraker Act and referring to the island as "the acquired country", soon affirmed that the 16195: 14104: 11473: 9913:

Esterrich, Carmelo (2009). "Edenes insostenibles: El campo de la ciudad en la intentona cultural de los cincuenta".

8899: 6792:

Puerto Rican cuisine has its roots in the cooking traditions and practices of Europe (Spain), Africa and the native

20675: 20198: 20152: 19818: 19649: 19049: 18741: 18135: 17975: 17418: 17360: 17267: 17238:"Special Committee on Decolonization Calls Upon United States to Expedite Puerto Rico's Self-Determination Process" 15397: 15367: 15347:

Puerto Rico Governor Luis Fortuño Proposes Plan For Island's Public Schools To Teach In English Instead Of Spanish.

15067: 14517: 14287: 14156: 10103: 9079: 8645: 7466: 5950: 5385:, the population of the Commonwealth had declined by 532,095 people since the 2010 Census data had been tabulated. 5109: 3955: 3855:(PREPA; the government monopoly that controls all electricity on the island) reporting losses of $ 272M, while the 3524:); agriculture represents less than 1% of GNP. In recent years, it has also become a popular destination for MICE ( 3058:, a Republican, elected in 2016. She received more votes than any other official elected in Puerto Rico that year. 3006:, who also serves as the unincorporated territory's lieutenant governor. It is also charged to liaise with general 2570: 2347: 2343: 1816: 1635: 1527: 1055: 1047: 960: 955: 519: 270: 52: 16241: 16083: 15261: 13739: 11997: 8359: 8222: 8172: 7300:) reads: "The term 'Commonwealth' does not describe or provide for any specific political status or relationship." 3249: 2916: 2013: 20685: 20135: 18860: 17923: 17813: 17662: 17375: 17370: 15755: 14189: 14032: 11845: 10164: 9365: 7660: 7068: 6109: 6053: 5915:('The Reform') – is a government-run program which provides medical and health care services to the indigent and 5760: 5398: 4057: 3985: 3582: 3544: 3177: 3062: 2839: 2796: 2712: 2653: 2304: 2219: 2008:

Köppen climate types in Puerto Rico indicating that the island primarily has rainforest and monsoon climate types

1280: 1154: 618: 543: 366: 166: 16420: 14487: 13185: 10957: 10479: 10454: 10238: 6266:, coconut shells and fine metal screening are sometimes used as well. Red and black were the typical colors for 5937:

Modern Puerto Rican culture is a unique mix of cultural antecedents: including European (predominantly Spanish,

3392:. Although Puerto Rico has since followed the federal example of transferring criminal and civil procedure from 2678: 20258: 20252: 18855: 18761: 18615: 18048: 18008: 17955: 17818: 17657: 17518: 17474: 17340: 16135: 15724: 14521: 14225: 9031: 7736: 7405: 7245: 5747:

represented about 0.70% of the population, with 324 congregations. Buddhism in Puerto Rico is represented with

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to rules promulgated by the judiciary, several portions of its criminal law still reflect the influence of the

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operates primarily in English, all Puerto Rican attorneys must be bilingual in order to litigate in English in

3185: 3138: 2851: 2692: 2661: 2455: 2450:

subject to the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United States. All governmental powers are delegated by the

2351: 2310: 2092: 1964: 1707: 1570: 1323: 780: 509: 17071: 12835:

Liebhold, Andrew M.; Tobin, Patrick C. (2008). "Population Ecology of Insect Invasions and Their Management".

11867: 8147: 1634:

and its approval by Congress and Puerto Rican voters in 1952. However, the political status of Puerto Rico, a

18212: 18159: 17904: 17577: 17550: 17350: 13012: 12902: 12527: 10497: 10455:"Contribution of Tropical Cyclones to the North Atlantic Climatological Rainfall as Observed from Satellites" 8734:

Subject People and Colonial Discourses: Economic Transformation and Social Disorder in Puerto Rico, 1898–1947

6760: 6019: 5524: 5027: 4642: 4637: 4632: 4627: 4558: 4233: 4008: 3976: 3960: 3689: 3598: 3217: 3209: 3095:

As it is an unincorporated U.S. territory, the defense of Puerto Rico is provided by the U.S. as part of the

2892: 2684: 2578: 2531:

Puerto Rico is represented in the U.S. Congress by a nonvoting delegate to the House of Representatives, the

2138: 1248: 1228: 1103: 1004: 431: 18550: 18182: 16554: 16113: 15970: 11768: 10658:"Pittsburgh Army Corps teams in Puerto Rico, Florida ahead of Dorian's mainland arrival | TribLIVE.com" 4845: 4596: 3859:(PRASA; the government monopoly that controls all water utilities on the island) reported losses of $ 112M. 1944: 20705: 20178: 19849: 19677: 19295: 19202: 18850: 17874: 17835: 17645: 17345: 17164: 13797: 13400: 13301: 9558: 9220: 9206: 8530: 7080: 7055:

in 1957. Since then, it has won more than 30 medals in international competitions, including gold in three

6093: 5534: 3918:, which prevents foreign-flagged ships from carrying cargo between two American ports, a practice known as 3567:

due to PR's position as an intermediary on the way to the mainland. This is one of the worst locations for

3513: 3436: 3127: 2815: 2274: 1741: 1311: 1075: 945: 30: 17103: 16766:

Yined Ramírez-Hendrix. El Nuevo Herald (Miami, Florida). 27 July 2011. Page D12. Accessed 24 January 2021.

15891:

Eduardo Giorgetti Y Su Mundo: La Aparente Paradoja De Un Millonario Genio Empresarial Y Su Noble Humanismo

12085:

Roads Naval facility on the island of Vieques, as distinct from the Roosevelt Roads Naval station in Cieba

9148: 9104:

H. B. Grose, Advance in the Antilles: the new era in Cuba and Porto Rico, Presbyterian Home Missions, 1910

7969: 3807: 3031: 1432: 1201:. By the late 19th century, a distinct Puerto Rican identity began to emerge, centered around a fusion of 1137:

Puerto Rico was settled by a succession of peoples beginning 2,000 to 4,000 years ago; these included the

18821: 18799: 17993: 17945: 17768: 17260: 15256: 13674: 12837: 12783: 12705:"Global threats from invasive alien species in the twenty-first century and national response capacities" 8433: 8393: 8355: 6929: 6198:

María de los Dolores Gutiérrez del Mazo, in colonial Puerto Rico, in 1796, by the mulatto Rococo painter

6013: 5740: 5061: 4528: 4152: 4148: 4101: 3964: 3943:

and send Puerto Rico-bound manufactured goods to Puerto Rico across the ocean by U.S.-flagged ships. The

3915: 3911: 3880: 3864: 3489: 3349: 3201: 3188:– which performs missions equivalent to those of the Air National Guards of each one of the U.S. states. 2912: 2897:

Unlike the vast majority of U.S. states, Puerto Rico has no first-order administrative divisions akin to

2547: 2125: 1662: 1631: 1295: 1272: 706: 104: 22: 12436:"Arrests of Elvin Manuel Otero Tarzia, Sebastian Angelo Saldana, Kevin Rivera Ruiz, and a Male Juvenile" 12281: 11943: 9684: 9657: 8387:"Table 2. Resident Population for the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico: 2020 Census" 5135:

Between 1960 and 1990, the census questionnaire in Puerto Rico did not ask about race or ethnicity. The

1665:. 61.16% voted for statehood, 33.34% for a sovereign free-associated state, and 5.49% for independence. 20415: 18570: 18525: 17960: 17884: 17861: 16945: 16860: 14427: 13092: 13084: 12846: 12792: 12659: 12646: 7429:) and 65 kilometers wide (40 statute miles; 35 nautical miles). Boricuas often refer to Puerto Rico as 7056: 6514: 5651: 5425: 5352: 4980: 4012: 3816: 3790: 3646: 3586: 3517: 3245: 3158: 3104: 2392: 2212: 2204: 1847: 26: 18535: 18520: 18430: 18410: 17094: 16165: 10789: 10575: 10185: 10138: 9200:

Note: The phase "The Island of Enchantment" has been traced back to a travel guide by that title that

6327: 6288: 5631: 5507:

was brought by Spanish colonists and gradually became the dominant religion in Puerto Rico. The first

3585:

are both determining factors for its economic prosperity, primarily due to its relatively small size;

3411:, which is the only appellate court required by the Constitution. All other courts are created by the 2322:

country of Puerto Rico is also home to one of the remaining rainforest tracts in the island, with the

1971:

since 1918, estimated at magnitude 6.4. Economic losses were estimated to be more than $ 3.1 billion.

20665: 20655: 19771: 19207: 18816: 18555: 18510: 18265: 18235: 18177: 17760: 17506: 16780:

Viviana Caraballo. El Nuevo Herald (Miami, Florida). 6 January 1999. p. 19. Accessed 24 January 2021.

15296:

VIENTOS-GASTON, "Informe del Procurador General sobre el idioma", 36 Rev. Col. Ab. (P.R.) 843 (1975).

13218: 11049: 9027: 7109: 6313: 6168:

coast. It is a blend of wood and masonry, incorporating architectural elements of other styles, from

6085: 5962: 5906: 5818: 5448: 5136: 5016: 4568: 4506: 4491: 4476: 4461: 4446: 4431: 4416: 4401: 4386: 4371: 4356: 4341: 4326: 4311: 4296: 4216: 3944: 3642: 3408: 3142: 2429: 2366: 2266: 2223: 2177: 2173: 2085: 2069: 1832: 1627: 1131: 1037: 18290: 15943: 15881:

Coraly Cruz Mejias. Global Press Journal. Washington, DC. 14 October 2019. Accessed 23 October 2020.

15310:

Muniz-Arguelles, Luis. University of Puerto Rico. c. 1988. Page 466. Retrieved 4 December 2012.

13401:"Nearly two years after Hurricane Maria devastation, Puerto Rico welcomes record number of tourists" 13371:"Nearly two years after Hurricane Maria devastation, Puerto Rico welcomes record number of tourists" 7264:

Despite being under the sovereignty of the United States since 1898, Puerto Rico has not been fully

6337: 5743:, and reported having a membership of approximately 23,000 in the commonwealth. In 2015, the 25,832 2521: 2323: 20184: 19667: 19274: 18718: 18545: 18435: 18390: 18260: 17950: 17727: 17650: 17587: 17501: 17437: 17077: 15829: 14825: 14607: 12486: 11820: 11676: 10286: 10260: 9636: 7409: 7209: 6744: 6345: 6031: 5874: 5784: 5527:

in Puerto Rico have at least one Catholic church, most of which are located at the town center, or

3578: 3359: 3329: 3285: 2855: 2800: 2513: 2208: 1854:

than those of the south, since the south receives less rain than the central and northern regions.

1699: 1566: 1232: 1214: 1043: 626: 191: 18500: 18465: 17582: 17555: 17218: 13525: 11502:(Press release). Department of Public Information, United Nations General Assembly. 13 June 2006. 11013: 7939:

JOC (2013) "Repealing or amending the Jones Act cabotage law might cut Puerto Rico shipping costs"

6210:

Puerto Rican art reflects many influences, much from its ethnically diverse background. A form of

5655: 4662: 3875: 1478: 88: 20546: 18826: 18751: 18370: 18202: 18187: 18033: 17935: 17889: 17798: 17778: 17748: 17511: 16496:[Do we or do we not have a national bird?] (in Spanish). La Perla del Sur. Archived from 15914: 15686: 14257: 14183:"Impact of the Coastwise Trade Laws on the Transportation System of the United States of America" 12999: 12955: 12779:"Emerald Ash Borer Invasion of North America: History, Biology, Ecology, Impacts, and Management" 10134: 8063: 7239: 7124: 6476: 6437: 6416: 6279: 6105: 5620: 5616: 5337: 5057: 4755: 4592: 4549:, economic migration, and Puerto Rico's status as unincorporated territory of the United States. 3831:, and the "consolidated budget" which comprises the assignments funded by the general budget, by 3615: 3529: 3501: 3374: 3237: 3123: 3112: 3078: 3007: 2984: 2470: 2466: 2433: 2290: 2237: 1952: 1424: 1307: 1276: 1244: 879: 757: 529: 482: 18360: 18330: 18270: 16719: 16306: 16004: 15618: 15566: 15000: 14564: 14423:"Empleados de la AEE se manifiestan contra LUMA en el Tribunal federal y en la sede de la Junta" 9965: 9834: 8569: 7017: 5989: 4572: 3835:, by revenue expected from loans, by the sale of government bonds, by subsidies extended by the 2227: 2121: 20512: 20337: 19259: 18833: 18804: 18794: 18623: 18585: 18580: 18485: 18275: 18230: 18072: 17985: 17909: 17899: 17849: 17523: 17449: 17393: 17330: 17295: 17089: 16572: 16056: 11965: 9530:

Secretaría de Cultura y Turismo. Gobierno Municipal de Ponce. Ponce, Puerto Rico. 2003. p. 141.

9313:

America's colony: the political and cultural conflict between the United States and Puerto Rico

7717: 7296: 7234: 7178: 7116: 7063:

8 August 2004, became a landmark date for the team when it became the first team to defeat the

6972: 6960: 6580:, among others. Several television channels provide local content in the island. These include 6300: 6177: 5977: 5932: 5744: 5643: 5439:

words, as well as English words. The largest influence on the Spanish spoken in Puerto Rico is

5421: 4144: 4136: 3725: 3720: 3661: 3650: 3626: 3521: 3473: 3459: 3301: 3096: 2898: 2768: 2737: 2631: 2451: 2360: 1999: 1824: 1703: 1498: 1327: 1218: 807: 751: 595: 278: 182: 18891: 18515: 18450: 18300: 18245: 16520: 15473: 14856: 14723: 14363: 13772: 12994: 9707:"Puerto Rico votes on whether to change relationship with US, elects governor and legislators" 9389: 9321: 9181: 7421:

Puerto Rico, the main island of the archipelago of the same name, is 178 kilometers long (110

2420:. However, tourism, pollution, and hurricanes have highly threatened these unique ecosystems. 1779: 1724:

Puerto Rico consists of the main island of Puerto Rico and various smaller islands, including

19874: 19104: 19039: 18595: 18565: 18560: 18540: 18495: 18490: 18445: 18375: 18295: 18240: 18220: 18149: 18053: 18013: 17830: 17565: 17245: 15457: 14660: 14152: 13149: 12709: 12642:"Trade, transport and trouble: managing invasive species pathways in an era of globalization" 11740: 9317: 9201: 8197: 7758: 7090: 6968: 6952: 6933: 6901: 6756: 6734: 6708: 6378:

and talked about the harsh life in the remote and mountainous coffee regions in Puerto Rico.

6357: 5973: 5639: 4950: 4732: 4694: 4675: 4657: 4587:. Of the ten most populous cities on the island, eight are located within what is considered 4576: 4564: 4164: 4053: 4045: 3606: 3509: 3397: 3253: 3146: 2590: 2586: 2485: 2330:

forest in the Caribbean. Other protected dry forests in Puerto Rico can be formed within the

2261:, a small frog easily identified by the sound of its call, from which it gets its name. Most 2101: 2053: 2049: 1819:(also known as the Central Mountain Range in English). The highest elevation in Puerto Rico, 1717: 1609: 1574: 1111: 573: 391: 305: 18440: 16752:

York Daily Record (York, Pennsylvania). 15 December 2003. Page 35. Accessed 24 January 2021.

16497: 15505: 15030: 14895: 14077: 12995:"Worldwide border interceptions provide a window into human-mediated global insect movement" 11499: 11104:. USDA Forest Service Institute of Tropical Forestry. Forest Service Research Paper ITF-18. 10688:"Puerto Rico is in Dorian's bull's-eye: Three things to know as island braces for the storm" 10017: 9611: 8672: 7774: 7020:, who holds a silver medal, and three boxers who finished in third place, José Luis Vellón, 6369: 6284: 6074: 4067: 3609:

had applied to Puerto Rico. This IRS section was critical to the economy, as it established

3468: 3292:(1746–1786). They continue to be disproportionately represented in present-day conflicts in 3289: 3055: 2536: 2465:

The government of Puerto Rico is composed of three branches. The executive is headed by the

2048:, while the lowest temperature ever recorded was 40 °F (4 °C) in the mountains at 1166: 610: 20640: 20441: 20059: 20002: 19988: 19886: 19425: 19328: 19314: 18845: 18708: 18638: 18600: 18590: 18530: 18480: 18475: 18460: 18455: 18400: 18395: 18385: 18365: 18355: 18350: 18340: 18335: 18250: 18088: 18043: 18038: 18023: 17940: 17866: 17628: 14899: 13308: 13016: 12906: 12722: 12663: 12611: 11164: 10466: 10425: 9737:"H.R. 5278, Puerto Rico Oversight, Management and Economic Stability Act of 2016 (PROMESA)" 8603: 8068: 7159: 7072: 6941: 6776: 6764: 6718: 6619: 6450: 6100:, acted as the primary defenses of the settlement which was subjected to numerous attacks. 6037: 6023: 5844: 5832: 5432: 5394: 5043: 5031: 5023: 4255: 4251: 4159:

until 2018. The Authority is ruled by a governing board appointed by the governor with the

4093: 3713: 3497: 3432: 3233: 3195: 2656:(PIP). The three parties stand for different political status. The PPD, for example, seeks 2614: 2447: 2416: 2404: 2388: 2286: 2198: 2194: 2057: 2045: 1916: 1892:

topography on the island occurs in the northern region. The oldest rocks are approximately

1851: 1729: 1725: 1612: 1539: 1158: 1091: 1087: 906: 361: 75: 12854: 11677:"Reuters, 'Puerto Rico hopes to gain from U.S. healthcare reform', 24 September 2009" 8853: 7806:

pr.gov (in Spanish) "La manufactura es el sector principal de la economía de Puerto Rico."

6940:

for several series in 2003 and 2004 before they moved to Washington, D.C., and became the

5728: 3512:

per capita in Puerto Rico in 2020 was $ 21,740. Puerto Rico's economy is mainly driven by

2835:

if it were a state, insofar as doing so would not disrupt federal programs or operations.

8: 20240: 20085: 20071: 19973: 19955: 19892: 19868: 19862: 19776: 19161: 19054: 18949: 18575: 18415: 18405: 18380: 18345: 18315: 18280: 18255: 18225: 18028: 17879: 17719: 17711: 17680: 17222: 16263: 15894: 12607: 11814:"Table 5. Internal Revenue Gross Collections, by Type of Tax and State, Fiscal year 2009" 10355: 10047: 8631:, 36, Revista Jurídica de la Universidad de Puerto Rico. 396 (1967), and Vientós-Gastón, 7132: 6674: 6647: 6637: 6464: 6379: 6157: 6132: 5736: 5647: 5560:

Another researcher gave a more conservative assessment of the proportion of Protestants:

5409: 5329: 5321: 5148: 5068:

During the 19th century, hundreds of families arrived in Puerto Rico, primarily from the

4935: 4905: 4584: 4156: 3996: 3815:

Projected deficits added substantial burdens to an already indebted nation which accrued

3665: 3481: 3378: 3309: 3273: 3173: 3108: 3088: 2606: 2315: 2279: 2160: 2017: 1339: 1303: 1194: 496: 490: 415: 397: 93: 20355: 19197: 15357:

Danica Coto. Huffington Latino Voices. 05/08/12 (8 May 2012). Retrieved 4 December 2012.

13020: 12910: 12726: 12667: 12615: 11527:"Political Status of Puerto Rico: Background, Options, and Issues in the 109th Congress" 11168: 10470: 10429: 10313: 9465: 9102: 7765: 7730:

that same year. Nancy Morris clarifies that "a curious oversight in the drafting of the

7269: 6692:

takes place annually in San Juan, drawing in classical musicians from around the world.

3761: 3664:

per capita in Latin America. Puerto Rico's main trading partners are the United States,

2505: 2497: 1193:, Puerto Rico played a secondary but strategic role compared to wealthier colonies like 20690: 20429: 20234: 20065: 20026: 20014: 19947: 19941: 19920: 19908: 19902: 19896: 19745: 19610: 18989: 18881: 18605: 18505: 18425: 18420: 18325: 18320: 18310: 18305: 18285: 18093: 17803: 17788: 17693: 17572: 17560: 17320: 17012: 16369: 15589:"Catholic Church and Puerto Rico officials at odds in widening sex abuse investigation" 14220: 13907: 13702: 13048: 12979: 12930: 12874: 12822: 12801: 12778: 12764: 12751: 12704: 12689: 12627: 11570: 11188: 10934: 10899: 10817: 9850: 9669:

John Marino. Caribbean Business. Released on 4 October 2011. Retrieved 8 December 2011.

9585: 7974: 7783: 7726: 7400: 7194: 7174: 6824: 6816:, vegetables, meat and poultry, seafood and shellfish, and fruits. Main dishes include 6785: 6432: 6392: 6161: 6146: 6138: 5890: 5585: 5545: 5382: 5360: 4920: 4750: 4704: 4580: 4160: 3353: 3221: 3181: 3119: 3100: 2952: 2749: 2610: 2525: 2396: 2372: 1975: 1828: 1761: 1623: 1597: 1355: 1123: 1067: 927: 403: 18771: 17592: 14548: 12023: 8928:"Puerto Rico's Political Status and the 2012 Plebiscite: Background and Key Questions" 8466: 7041: 6326:, a collection of verses whose main themes were the poor Puerto Rican country farmer. 6270:

but their palette has expanded to include a wide variety of bright hues and patterns.

6066: 5054:. A census in 1887 found a population of around 800,000, of which 320,000 were black. 4003:

maintained by the Highways and Transportation Authority under the jurisdiction of the

3708: 3083: 20272: 20172: 20079: 20050: 20044: 19926: 19914: 19880: 19844: 19192: 18470: 16663: 16653: 16630: 16620: 16526: 16289: 15898: 15451: 14905: 14862: 14711: 13052: 13040: 13032: 12971: 12922: 12866: 12858: 12826: 12814: 12806: 12756: 12738: 12681: 12676: 12641: 12214: 12112: 11969: 11566: 11356: 11180: 11135: 10939: 10921: 10821: 10809: 9864: 9854: 9815: 9593: 9432: 9393: 9325: 9246: 9189: 9164: 9125: 9087: 9058: 8765: 8738: 8711: 8688: 8678: 8536: 7151: 7009: 6655: 6408: 6263: 6169: 5821:(UPR) with 11 campuses. The largest private university systems on the island are the 5748: 5700: 5659: 5469: 5404: 5325: 3657: 3162: 2868: 2831: 2779: 2244: 1881: 1733: 1616: 1299: 968: 18726: 17457: 17143: 13116: 12983: 12934: 12878: 12631: 11897: 11409:"2008 Presidential Primary Dates and Candidates Filling Datelines for Ballot Access" 11192: 11096: 10874: 10226:

Nicole Acevedo and Ben Kesslen. NBC News. 7 January 2020. Accessed 7 February 2022.

9580:. Printed in Spain: Imprenta vda. de Daniel Cochs—Cros. 23.—Barcelona (in Spanish). 7359: 7037: 7005: 6239:, where people prayed to them, asked for help, or tried to summon their protection. 6060:

of San Juan from 1864 to 1951, at which time the former independent municipality of

5436: 4689: 3910:

One of the most cited contributors to the high cost of living in Puerto Rico is the

2032:

stretching from December to March. The mountains of the Cordillera Central create a

1427:. The anglicized name was used by the U.S. government and private enterprises (also 20495: 20453: 20032: 20020: 20008: 19967: 19935: 19787: 19641: 19635: 19535: 17998: 17703: 17479: 13024: 13008: 12963: 12914: 12898: 12850: 12796: 12768: 12746: 12730: 12718: 12693: 12671: 12655: 12619: 11595: 11172: 10929: 10911: 10801: 10474: 10433: 9846: 9805: 9287:. Office of the Historian and the Clerk of the House's Office of Art and Archives. 8064:"2020 Census Illuminates Racial and Ethnic Composition of the Country: Puerto Rico" 7600: 7507: 7434: 7155: 7143: 6979: 6956: 6906: 6551: 6472: 6420: 6317: 6189: 6142: 5920: 5756: 5611: 5578: 5440: 5375: 5089: 5038: 4204: 4128: 3940: 3902: 3796: 3533: 3370: 3260: 3166: 2968: 2872: 2784: 2757: 2721:

The nature of Puerto Rico's political relationship with the U.S. is the subject of

2563: 2539:. Current congressional rules have removed the commissioner's power to vote in the 2298: 2296:. These areas are home to endangered endemic species such as the Puerto Rican boa ( 2181: 2117: 2073: 1940: 1801: 1773: 1562: 1535: 1516: 1447: 1407: 1206: 1138: 1119: 1115: 1071: 1025: 859: 453: 209: 143: 18678: 16568: 12179: 11299: 10390: 7367: 6428: 6404: 6199: 5592: 4652: 3134: 3087:

U.S. military installations and other federal lands in Puerto Rico (including the

2760:

apply to Puerto Rico as well, regardless of its political status. Their residents

2508:. The governor and legislators are elected by popular vote every four years, with 1189:, vastly changed the cultural and demographic landscape of the island. Within the 200: 20563: 20289: 20038: 18934: 18736: 18643: 17528: 17175: 17133: 16726: 16707: 16687: 16577: 15878: 15354: 15098: 12098: 11854: 11648:"Internal Revenue Service. ', Topic 903 – Federal Employment Tax in Puerto Rico'" 11363: 11332: 10805: 10501: 9932: 9791: 9666: 9648:

Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico. 28 December 2011. Retrieved 10 January 2012.

9645: 9612:"Members Hear Petitioners Speak up for Independence, Statehood, Free Association" 9511: 9482: 9426: 9383: 9311: 9254: 8903: 8882: 8860: 8849: 8830: 8823: 8759: 8732: 8095: 7902:

PRGDB "Financial Information and Operating Data Report to 18 October 2013" p. 142

7396: 7343: 7170: 7166: 6689: 6681: 6295: 6203: 6173: 5997: 5981: 5803:

was to be constructed. The school was free of charge and the courses taught were

5668: 5364: 5085: 4259: 3923: 3729: 3630: 3420: 3335:

A significant number of Puerto Ricans serve in the U.S. Armed Forces, largely as

3011: 2948: 2860: 2400: 2105: 2104:, as expected, veered away from Puerto Rico. A short time later, the devastating 1912: 1737: 1522: 1079: 535: 247: 18766: 17685: 17462: 13938:"World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples – Puerto Rico: Dominicans" 13734: 13274: 13246: 13213: 13111: 12274:"Latin American Herald Tribune – 80% of Puerto Rico Murders Called Drug-Related" 11938: 8596:"7 fam 1120 acquisition of u.s. nationality in u.s. territories and possessions" 7185:. Puerto Rico hosted the Pan Am Games in 1979 (officially in San Juan), and The 6932:

serves as the only active professional league, operating as a winter league. No

6482: 6388:

the cultural survival of the Puerto Rican identity after the American invasion.

5687:. Some aspects were absorbed into syncretic Christianity. In 1952, a handful of 5663: 5151:

survey indicated an adult literacy rate of 90.4% in 2012 based on data from the

2767:

Puerto Ricans "were collectively made U.S. citizens" in 1917 as a result of the

1379:

are commonly used to identify someone of Puerto Rican heritage, and derive from

20465: 20343: 20325: 20319: 20215: 20166: 19996: 19961: 19725: 19710: 19700: 19657: 19575: 19540: 19264: 19119: 18756: 18731: 18683: 18658: 18653: 17543: 17533: 17489: 17315: 16790: 15138: 13937: 13091:, Center for International Comparisons of Production, Income and Prices at the 11998:"She's Puerto Rico's Only Link to Washington. She Could Be Its Future Governor" 11813: 10314:"Morphology, Structure, and Tectonic Evolution of the Mona Canyon, Puerto Rico" 8275: 7616: 7462: 7165:

Puerto Rico has representation in all international competitions including the

7060: 6987: 6983: 6937: 6888: 6864: 6460: 6349: 6348:, also known as the Father of Puerto Rican Literature, ushered in a new age of 5549: 5516: 5368: 5152: 5121: 5069: 4542: 3931: 3888: 3693: 3594: 3272:

Puerto Ricans have participated in many U.S. military conflicts, including the

3191: 3115:, which by local law is under the authority of the Puerto Rico National Guard. 2745: 2726: 2412: 2319: 2164: 2145: 2096: 2041: 1979: 1901: 1823:

4,390 feet (1,340 m), is located in this range. Another important peak is

1820: 1757: 1190: 1182: 1170: 1150: 1059: 175: 20529: 18104: 17199: 16775: 16747: 16667: 15871:

as indigenous groups, as well as unrestricted access to their ancestral lands.

14571:, U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 9 December 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2014. 12623: 11176: 10240:

Analyst says earthquakes could cost Puerto Rico's economy up to $ 3.1 billion.

9559:"Teoría, Crítica e Historia: La abolición de la esclavitud y el mundo hispano" 8692: 6928:

was one of the first sports to gain widespread popularity in Puerto Rico. The

6850: 6061: 5720: 3551:

traffic that between 1984–2000 the San Juan PPQ station recorded 7.74% of all

2688:(English: Working People's Party) but none obtained more than 1% of the vote. 2589:

and a municipal legislature elected for a four-year term. The municipality of

1173:, but remained a Spanish possession for the next four centuries. An influx of 20634: 20608: 20594: 20361: 20313: 20295: 20202: 19730: 19705: 19615: 19520: 19480: 19152: 19131: 19114: 19059: 18926: 18693: 18688: 18648: 17179: 17128: 16834: 16812: 16761: 16634: 14937: 14300: 13036: 12975: 12967: 12926: 12862: 12810: 12742: 12685: 12143: 11184: 10925: 10813: 9819: 9597: 8927: 8325: 7693: 7689: 7426: 7347: 7216:

won the first gold medal for Puerto Rico in the Olympic Games by winning the

7021: 6739: 6700: 6165: 5708: 5688: 5479: 5273: 5012: 4881: 4858: 4243: 4212: 4088: 4020: 3948: 3927: 3610: 3560: 3493: 3404: 3393: 3325: 3265: 3229: 3131: 2811: 1905: 1753: 1319: 1264: 1252: 1224: 1099: 1051: 994: 989: 449: 326: 313: 260: 15540: 11268:"Constitution of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Article I, Section 2" 10916: 9991: 9894:

Helmer, Etienne (2011). "La ciudad contemporanea, una polis sin politica?".

9464:

Secretary's, Puerto Rico; Office, Puerto Rico Secretary's (1 January 1903).

8708:

Constructing a Colonial People: Puerto Rico and the United States, 1898–1932

8649: 7446: 7354:

to refer to Puerto Ricans or Puerto Rico. It is occasionally mistaken for a

7329:

are male-specific when ending in «o» and female-specific when ending in «a».

6559: 6320:, the first Puerto Rican writer of notable importance. In 1849 he published 3967:

has no impact on either retail prices or the cost of living on Puerto Rico.

3819:

of $ 71B or about 70% of Puerto Rico's gross domestic product. This sparked

3621: 2594: 1361:

name, which is popularly said to mean "Land of the Valiant Lord". The terms

20373: 20349: 20331: 20307: 20301: 19720: 19715: 19695: 19580: 19570: 19565: 19545: 19233: 18776: 18663: 18628: 17698: 17538: 17467: 16473:[Debate for the National Bird (first part)] (in Spanish). CienciaPR 16408:

Musical Migrations: Transnationalism and Cultural Hybridity in the Americas

14280: 13339:"Las estadísticas hablan: Puerto Rico camino a ser el "Detroit del Caribe"" 13044: 12870: 12818: 12760: 12258: 11647: 11408: 11238:"After Hurricane Maria, Puerto Rico's rare bioluminescent bays may go dark" 11014:"Iguaca Aviary Techniques used in the Puerto Rican Parrot Recovery Program" 10983: 10943: 10128: 9868: 9810: 9793: 8126:

Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española: Diccionario de Americanismos

7351: 7286: 7120: 7033: 7025: 6976: 6870: 6859: 6839: 6752: 6722: 6424: 6312:

Some of Puerto Rico's earliest writers were influenced by the teachings of

6262:

always bear at least several horns and fangs. While usually constructed of

6223: 6153: 6101: 6097: 6057: 6042: 5916: 5796: 5684: 5680: 5553: 5520: 5348: 5047: 4220: 3317: 2902: 2358:. Examples of endemic species found in this ecoregion are the higo chumbo ( 2153: 1987: 1793: 1769: 1765: 1669: 1107: 1095: 493: 376: 16026: 14341: 11526: 11451: 8824:

8 U.S. Code § 1402 – Persons born in Puerto Rico on or after 11 April 1899

8600:

U.S. Department of State Foreign Affairs Manual Volume 7- Consular Affairs

6936:

franchise or affiliate plays in Puerto Rico; however, San Juan hosted the

5347:

is a major part of contemporary Puerto Rican history. Starting soon after

5272:

The vast majority of recent immigrants, both legal and illegal, come from

4211:)—is a water company and the government-owned corporation responsible for 3981: 2883: 2004: 1690:?" The results showed that 52 percent of Puerto Rico voters answered yes. 20367: 20118: 19829: 19735: 19495: 19410: 19044: 18994: 18954: 18633: 17325: 16650:

Defending Their Own in the Cold: The Cultural Turns of U.S. Puerto Ricans

15374:. International Association for Language Education Policy Studies. 2013. 13080: 12180:"Research Guides: Commonwealth Caribbean Law Research Guide: Puerto Rico" 11898:"Opinión del Tribunal emitida por el Juez Asociado señor Martínez Torres" 11477: 11300:"U.S. Department of State. Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty" 10453:

Rodgers, Edward B.; Adler, Robert F.; Pierce, Harold F. (November 2001).

8894: 8255:

Gobierno de Puerto Rico: Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambientales

8031:"P. Rico Senate declares Spanish over English as first official language" 7731: 7391:

The area of the main island of Puerto Rico is 5,325 m² (13,792 km²). The

7213: 6971:

hosted the opening round as well as the second round of the newly formed

6704: 6663: 6412: 5764: 5727:; most Muslims are of Palestinian and Jordanian descent. There is also a 5704: 5654:

in the Island and serves a small growing community in the area. In 1940,

5566: 5495: 4250:(including Desecheo and Mona) are: KP3/KP4/NP3/NP4/WP3/WP4 (Puerto Rico, 4247: 4182: 4177: 4074: 4026: 3991:

Cities and towns in Puerto Rico are interconnected by a system of roads,

3568: 3313: 3297: 2792: 2772: 2732: 2149: 2033: 2021: 1983: 1924: 1797: 1585: 582: 567: 17106:[Data and Statistics about Puerto Rico and Its Municipalities]. 15167: 12734: 10632:"The entire island of Puerto Rico may be without electricity for months" 10351:"Historic heat is roasting Puerto Rico, where it feels like 125 degrees" 9247:"Treaty of Peace Between the United States and Spain; December 10, 1898" 8493:"Human Development Index Trends and Inequality in Puerto Rico 2010–2015" 8121: 7202: 7071:

players. Winning the inaugural game with scores of 92–73 as part of the

6882: 5672: 4840: 3951:

to exclude Puerto Rico from the Jones Act restrictions without success.

1466: 19530: 19525: 19400: 19269: 19097: 19092: 18974: 18698: 17252: 17072:

U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Puerto Rico

17048: 17007:"Monica Puig, Puerto Rico's Favorite Daughter (and Only Gold Medalist)" 16237: 16087: 15251: 14634:"Ham radio operators are saving Puerto Rico one transmission at a time" 14055:"MIDA concluye alto costo de vida es la preocupación mayor del boricua" 12946: 10131:"Late Cretaceous Siliceous Sponges From El Rayo Formation, Puerto Rico" 9369: 8635:, 36 Revista del Colegio de Abogados de PuertO Rico. (P.R.) 843 (1975). 8351: 7921:

The median value in the San Juan municipio was estimated at $ 170,000."

7355: 7139: 7001: 6997: 6468: 6456: 6255: 5627: 5344: 4038: 3505: 3485: 3446: 3389: 3363: 3321: 3241: 2976: 2559: 2029: 2025: 1858: 1809: 1712: 1687: 1236: 487: 19228: 16593: 16450:[Between laws and multiple pardons] (in Spanish). Primera Hora 13584:"Puerto Rico oversight board favors more time for restructuring talks" 13457:"Puerto Rico oversight board favors more time for restructuring talks" 10900:"An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm" 9794:"Ciencia y economía del guano: La isla mona en puerto rico, siglo XIX" 9681:"Fortuño calls for status, legislative reform votes on 12 August 2012" 4714: 4667: 2081: 2077: 1959:, several kilometers off the northern coast, and was accompanied by a 19620: 19585: 19490: 19465: 19176: 19126: 19029: 19004: 16424: 16364: 15465: 15227:"Eight Hispanic Groups Each Had a Million or More Population in 2020" 14495: 14460: 13762:"Financial Information and Operating Data Report to October 18, 2013" 13669: 13617:"Economistas se Oponen a las Reformas para 'estimular la economía'". 13180: 13169: 13167: 13144: 13028: 11098:

The Ecological Life Zones of Puerto Rico and the U. S. Virgin Islands

11092: 10961: 10188:

a M 4.7 earthquake late on December 28 and a M 5.0 event a few hours.

7375: 6876: 6835: 6781: 6713: 6667: 6490: 6219: 6116: 5692: 5333: 5293: 5124:. This immigration from non-Hispanic countries was the result of the 5077: 5073: 5011:

Puerto Rico was 98.9% Hispanic or Latino in 2020, of that 95.5% were

3681: 3673: 3564: 3154: 3054:

legislation on the House floor. The current resident commissioner is

2971:, New York City and Florida, and has included in the past offices in 2906: 2864: 2478: 2248: 1956: 1936: 1920: 1877: 1873: 1554: 1543: 1198: 1186: 1178: 1040: 923: 918: 515: 17244:. Press release. U.N. General Assembly. 14 June 2007. Archived from 16143: 15803: 15716: 10438: 10413: 10261:"Explorations: Puerto Rico Trench 2003 – Cruise Summary and Results" 10208:

Cheryl Magness. Reporter. 8 January 2020. Accessed 9 February 2022.

8885:

Robin Ortiz. ABC News. 17 February 2019. Accessed 24 September 2019.

8761:

A History of Afro-Hispanic Language: Five Centuries, Five Continents

6365: 6303:

was allowed to circumvent this strict prohibition and in 1647 wrote

2233: 1904:

in the southwest part of the island. They may represent part of the

1547: 1515:

in which their remains were discovered in 1975, in the aftermath of

19605: 19555: 19510: 19500: 19485: 19475: 19460: 19440: 19415: 19405: 19395: 19249: 19075: 19014: 18984: 18959: 18746: 17484: 16617:

Dream Nation: Puerto Rican Culture and the Fictions of Independence

16029:. Institute of Islamic Information and Education. 8 February 2006. 14516: 13656: 12918: 11871: 10191:

Puerto Rico Earthquakes. 7 January 2020. Accessed 9 February 2022.

9835:"Marine Managed Areas and Associated Fisheries in the US Caribbean" 9798:

Memorias: Revista Digital de Historia y Arqueología Desde el Caribe

9792:

Cortés Zavala; María Teresa & José Alfredo Uribe Salas (2014).

9147:

Diccionario de la Real Academia Española. Accessed 9 February 2022.

8564: 8562: 8560: 8558: 8556: 8554: 8552: 7792: 7609: 7268:

into the country for constitutional purposes. See the page for the

7105: 7086: 7032:

and it is the global leader in champions per capita. These include

6925: 6830: 6543: 6251: 6211: 6027: 5957: 5542: 5508: 5444: 5301: 5285: 5113: 5105: 5081: 4822: 4786: 3919: 3042:

also from the NPP and a member of the Republican Party of the U.S.

2988: 2964: 2819: 2439: 2408: 1897: 1869: 1865: 1789: 1142: 981: 910: 20580: 17310: 16979:

Rio 2016 Organising Committee for the Olympic and Paralympic Games

15139:"Puerto Rico's population swap: The middle class for millionaires" 14458:[More Protests Are Organized to Demand LUMA's Departure]. 14127:"Puerto Rico 2012–2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates" 13164: 12991: 12487:"GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$ ) - Puerto Rico | Data" 11588: 11207:"Bioluminescent Bay, Puerto Rico - Unique Places around the World" 10741: 10494: 9481:

Van Deusen, Richard James; Van Deusen, Elizabeth Kneipple (1931).

8528: 8001:"Puerto Rico 2015-2019 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates" 6793: 5993: 5985: 5715:

in Puerto Rico, representing about 0.13% of the population. Eight

4096:

in Ponce, currently under expansion to increase cargo capacity to

3922:. Because of the Jones Act, foreign ships inbound with goods from 2644:

Since 1952, Puerto Rico has had three main political parties: the

2593:

is the oldest, founded in 1521; the next earliest settlements are

2524:. Members of the judiciary are appointed by the governor with the 2257: 2108:

made landfall on Puerto Rico on Wednesday, 20 September, near the

2060:. The average yearly precipitation is 66 in (1,676 mm). 1508: 1358: 1146: 20460: 19625: 19600: 19505: 19445: 19420: 19390: 19380: 19254: 19109: 19019: 18999: 15450: 13343: 12942: 11779: 10866: 10781: 10766: 8629:

Pueblo v. Tribunal Superior: Español: Idioma del proceso judicial

7942: 7442: 7158:, who became the first Puerto Rican born athlete to play for the 6955:

winning one gold (1951), four silver and four bronze medals, the

6818: 6607: 6603: 6593: 6581: 6396: 5956:

From the Spanish, Puerto Rico received the Spanish language, the

5772: 5712: 5356: 5317: 5309: 5101: 5093: 4804: 4546: 4000: 3992: 3766: 3757: 3697: 3572: 3381:, and litigate federal preemption issues in Puerto Rican courts. 3225: 2929:

and a municipal legislature elected for four-year terms, per the

2602: 2462:, Puerto Rico lacks full protection under the U.S. Constitution. 2252: 2109: 1960: 1932: 1928: 1885: 1812:

and 8% of the size of Cuba, the largest of the Greater Antilles.

1805: 1675: 1063: 462: 444: 17057: 15471: 13902:"Puerto Rico's Power Authority Effectively Files for Bankruptcy" 13517:"New Puerto Rico governor seeks amicable debt crisis resolution" 10719:"Tropical Storm Karen's Squalls Hit Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands" 10716: 10602:"Hurricane Maria cuts all electricity as it crushes Puerto Rico" 10243:

Kate Trafecante. CNN. 7 January 2020. Accessed 9 February 2022.

8549: 8535:. Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 130. 8532:

Portuguese-Spanish Interfaces: Diachrony, synchrony, and contact

7893:

still more long-term bonds to cover its yearly budget deficits."

5775:, with two preaching centers in the San Juan metropolitan area. 3308:

from the original Taíno name of the island (Borinquen). The all-

2671:

After 2007, other parties emerged on the island. The first, the

2124:, were put to the test against a potential humanitarian crisis. 1503: 1275:

in 1952, allowing U.S. citizens residing on the island to elect

1263:; as it is not a state, Puerto Rico does not have a vote in the 38:

Organized and Unincorporated U.S. territory in the United States

21:"Porto Rico" and "Borinquen" redirect here. For other uses, see 20651:

Countries and territories where English is an official language

19560: 19515: 19455: 19430: 19385: 19087: 19034: 19024: 18969: 18964: 18921: 17147: 17111: 15225:

Peña, Jessica; Lowe, Ricardo Henrique Jr. (23 September 2023).

13634:"Puerto Rico to furlough workers, proposes pension plan reform" 12886: 9142: 9086:(2nd ed.). Ediciones Latinoamericanas, S.A. Archived from 8100:

Diccionario de la Lengua Española por la Real Academia Española

7076: 6993: 6801: 6124: 5724: 5719:

are located throughout the island, with most Muslims living in

5716: 5711:

movements all are represented. In 2007, there were about 5,000

5305: 5289: 5097: 5051: 4768: 3935: 3891:

in Puerto Rico is high and has increased over the past decade.

3843:

corporations compose more than 31% of the consolidated budget.

3685: 3590: 3281: 2980: 2960: 2921: 2658:

to maintain the island's status with the U.S. as a commonwealth

2582: 2216: 1923:

stresses caused by their interaction. These stresses may cause

1862: 1768:. The latter is the only inhabited islet with communities like 1749: 1391:

respectively. The island is also popularly known in Spanish as

1083: 16166:"San Juan Puerto Rico Temple | ChurchofJesusChristTemples.org" 15478:(in Spanish). Impr. del Gobierno de Puerto Rico. p. 306. 12305:"After Carjacking Surge, Puerto Rico Is Wary Behind the Wheel" 11050:"View of News of the Rio Abajo Aviary for Puerto Rican Parrot" 7554: 7533: 7028:. In the professional circuit, Puerto Rico has the third-most 5807:, literature, history, science, art, philosophy and theology. 5676: 2037:

seasonally are quite small in the lowlands and coastal areas.

20471: 19590: 19470: 19435: 19223: 19009: 15653:"Hispanics of Puerto Rican Origin in the United States, 2013" 15113:"Dominican People Smugglers Trafficked Cubans to Puerto Rico" 15092:

PLACE OF BIRTH FOR THE FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION IN PUERTO RICO

14301:

Reeve & Associates; Estudios Técnicos, Inc. (June 2018).

13553:"Secretary Lew Sends Letter to 115th Congress on Puerto Rico" 11895: 10412:

Daly, Christopher; Helmer, Eileen H.; Quiñonez, Maya (2003).

9832: 9533: 8430:"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (PR)" 8352:"Quick Facts Puerto Rico: Population Estimates, July 1, 2023" 7131:

are the largest wrestling promotions in the main island. The

6844: 6813: 6809: 6797: 6696: 6659: 6651: 6540:

Newspapers distributed on a weekly or regional basis include

6236: 5804: 5642:. Both have services in English and Spanish.There is a small 5528: 5313: 5297: 3677: 3669: 3548: 2972: 2926: 2598: 1889: 1247:. In common with four other territories, Puerto Rico sends a 19358: 17230: 17193:"Application of the U.S. Constitution in U.S. Insular Areas" 16729:

Arago: people, postage & the post. Viewed 17 March 2014.

13430:"Culture Is Central in Puerto Rico's New Marketing Campaign" 12410:"Mujer víctima de carjacking a punta de pistola en Guaynabo" 11323: 11321: 10129:

Andrzej Pisera; Michael Martínez; Hernan Santos (May 2006).

9186:

Exploring the Decolonial Imaginary: Four Transnational Lives

7933: 7516: 5548:

in 1872. It was the first non-Catholic church in the entire

1534:

The history of Puerto Rico began with the settlement of the

20112: 19662: 19595: 19550: 19450: 18979: 16949: 16710:

Arago: people, postage & the post. Viewed 4 March 2014.

16693: 16690:

Arago: people, postage & the post. Viewed 4 March 2014.

14765:"Profile of general population and housing characteristics" 13272: 12594: 11377:"Help America Vote Act (HAVA) 2018 ELECTION SECURITY GRANT" 10515:"A look at the damage from Hurricane Irma in the Caribbean" 10480:

10.1175/1520-0450(2001)040<1785:COTCTT>2.0.CO;2

9590:

Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico School of Law

8814:. New Haven, CT; London: Yale University Press, 1999. p. 4. 7569: 7560: 7539: 7522: 7422: 7392: 7147: 7101: 6805: 6128: 6081: 5281: 4084: 3540: 3293: 3277: 2215:. Puerto Rico has two biosphere reserves recognized by the 1231:

since 1917, and can move freely between the island and the

17064: 16360:"Puerto Rico's health system 'on life support' after blow" 16170:

Temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

14769:

Decennial Census, DEC Demographic Profile, Table DP1, 2020

14456:"Se organizan más protestas para exigir la salida de LUMA" 13242:"García Padilla insiste en que heredó un país "en cantos"" 11129: 9018: 9016: 9014: 8602:. U.S. Department of State. 3 January 2013. Archived from 6703:

was so celebrated, that he performed private recitals for

4891:

Racial and Ethnic Composition in Puerto Rico (2020 Census)

3224:, the Atlantic Fleet Weapons Training Facility (AFWTF) on 3036:

director of the Puerto Rico Federal Affairs Administration

2936: 16395:

Triple-S Management Corporation Annual Report (Form 10-K)

15780:. Parish.orthodoxtheologicalinstitute.org. Archived from 15748:"Puerto Rico Welcomes First-Ever Eastern Catholic Parish" 14738:"Puerto Rico Population Declined 11.8% from 2010 to 2020" 14688:"Puerto Rico Population Declined 11.8% From 2010 to 2020" 14638: 14386:"Ley de la Autoridad de Energía Eléctrica de Puerto Rico" 14126: 12331:"Sacan familia de auto para hacer carjacking en Guaynabo" 12110: 11318: 10897: 10788:

Ezcurra, Paula; Rivera-Collazo, Isabel C. (1 July 2018).

10414:"Mapping the Climate of Puerto Rico, Vieques and Culebra" 10021: 8812:

Puerto Rico: The Trials of the Oldest Colony in the World

8037:. San Juan, Puerto Rico. 4 September 2015. Archived from 6104:

continues to serve also as the executive mansion for the

5752: 4537:

The population of Puerto Rico has been shaped by initial

1546:

in 1493, the dominant indigenous culture was that of the

1058:. Located about 1,000 miles (1,600 km) southeast of 1009: 16288:

Nicolas Kanellos, "Hispanic Firsts", Visible Ink Press (

13176:"Ineficiencia arropa a los recursos económicos de salud" 11583:

The Louisiana Purchase and American Expansion: 1803–1898

11382:. Puerto Rico State Elections Commission. 25 July 2018. 9614:. General Assembly of the United Nations. 15 June 2009. 8148:"State Area Measurements and Internal Point Coordinates" 6360:

was another Puerto Rican historian and writer. His work

5188:

Mixed (mainly biracial white European and black African)

4173:

Ley para Transformar el Sistema Eléctrico de Puerto Rico

16619:. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press. 16410:, ed. Frances R. Aparicio and Cándida F. Jáquez, 81–98. 16196:"Statistics and Church Facts | Total Church Membership" 15313: 14558: 14078:"Puerto Rico's Economic Slump Weighs Hard on Consumers" 13986:. Huffingtonpost.com. 29 September 2013. Archived from 12701: 12113:"Participation of Hispanics in the American Revolution" 12055:"After Closing of Navy Base, Hard Times in Puerto Rico" 9011: 7469:

mountain range is the highest elevation in Puerto Rico.

7108:. In 2008, the archipelago's first unified league, the 5817:

The largest and oldest university system is the public

3145:. Puerto Rico is currently under the responsibility of 1982:, it is almost 27,600 ft (8,400 m) deep. The 1908:

and are believed to come from the Pacific Ocean realm.

17104:"Datos y Estadisticas de Puerto Rico y sus Municipios" 17036: 16946:"Melendez adds a new country to Globetrotters' resume" 16573:"Doña María de los Dolores Gutiérrez del Mazo y Pérez" 16329:"Perfil del Sistema Educativo – Año Escolar 2010–2011" 15085: 14632:

Murphy, Paul P.; Krupa, Michelle (27 September 2017).

13104: 12097:

Meléndez, Edwin; Meléndez, Edgardo; Colonial Dilemma;

11847:

Puerto Rico hopes to gain from U.S. healthcare reform.

10717:

Barbara Campbell, Paolo Ziaclita (24 September 2019).

9915:

CENTRO: Journal of the Center for Puerto Rican Studies

9678: 9513:

Scientific survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands

9130:

Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Accessed 9 February 2022.

7836:

pública y la convierte en una agencia del Ejecutivo.."

5849:. Other private universities include the multi-campus 2956:

Latin American countries such as Colombia and Panamá.

2943:

Foreign and intergovernmental relations of Puerto Rico

2762:

do not have voting representation in the U.S. Congress

2247:

to the archipelago number 239 plants, 16 birds and 39

1846:

Puerto Rico has 17 lakes, all man-made, and more than

1530:

of Puerto Rico during Spanish provincial times (1886).

1283:

has consistently been a matter of significant debate.

20413: 15530:

Page 165. Ponce, Puerto Rico: Imprenta Fortuño. 1963.

14858:

General Censuses and Vital Statistics in the Americas

14608:"Ley de Vehículos y Tránsito de Puerto Rico del 2000" 13665:"La Estadidad es una, única, uniforme e irreversible" 11966:"Relaciones comerciales entre Colombia y Puerto Rico" 11671: 11669: 10787: 9569: 9463: 9364:, S.J. Res 36, 72nd Congress, enacted 1932. (47 9077: 8987: 8985: 8301:"Catches by Taxon in the waters of Puerto Rico (USA)" 8248:"Plan de Manejo Reserva Natural Isla Caja de Muertos" 7578: 7551: 7545: 7536: 7510: 5873:. Puerto Rico has four schools of Medicine and three 3618:

per capita higher than 80% of the rest of the world.

2203:

Puerto Rico is home to three terrestrial ecoregions:

2095:, Puerto Rico avoided a direct hit by the Category 5 2024:

pass across the island year round. Puerto Rico has a

1943:

in the island and in the northeastern Caribbean. The

1776:, which are connected to the main island by bridges. 1450:

of Puerto Rico"), while its official English name is

1169:

in 1508. Puerto Rico was contested by other European

19817: 14522:"Ley de Acueductos y Alcantarillados de Puerto Rico" 14338:"Aeropuertos Internacionales y Regionales (Spanish)" 13496:. Scottsbluff, ME. Associated Press. 29 January 2017 12553:"Puerto Rico's tourism industry continues to expand" 10891: 10847: 10828: 9480: 8465:. U.S. Census Bureau. September 2012. Archived from 7566: 7557: 7548: 7530: 7519: 7513: 6673:

Puerto Rico has some national instruments, like the

2818:, and the island receives a smaller fraction of the 1951:, 1918 and had an estimated magnitude of 7.5 on the 1835:, with an elevation of 3,494 ft (1,065 m). 1086:

main island and numerous smaller islands, including

16861:"Olympics 2004 – Basketball – Shock defeat for USA" 16547:"National Geographic Traveler Article: Puerto Rico" 14861:. United States Bureau of the Census. p. 147. 13730:"¿Cómo Puerto Rico llegó a tener crédito chatarra?" 12357:"Video: Carjacking en centro comercial de Guaynabo" 12254:"Gun homicides and gun ownership listed by country" 11891: 11889: 11857:

Reuters. 24 September 2009. Retrieved 19 July 2012.

11803:

Members of the military must pay federal income tax

11153: 10872: 10263:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 10205:

Puerto Rico hit by largest earthquake in 100 years.

9833:Schärer-Umpierre, Michelle T.; et al. (2014). 9057:. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Publishing. p. 47. 9055:

Key Terms in Latino/a Cultural and Literary Studies

8497:

Ceteris Paribus: Journal of Socio-Economic Research

7527: 5605:

Widespread Change in a Historically Catholic Region

5603:By 2014, a Pew Research report, with the sub-title 3728:is also an important part of the economy. In 2017, 3492:. It is considered the most competitive economy in 17005: 16791:"Baseball Hall of Fame entry for Roberto Clemente" 16053:"Percent Puerto Rican population that are Muslims" 15286:, Ed. Tom McArthur, Oxford University Press, 1998. 15001:"The World Factbook: Central America: Puerto Rico" 14824:Cheatham, Amelia; Roy, Diana (29 September 2022). 14762: 14332: 14330: 14247: 14245: 14243: 14101:"Life in Puerto Rico becomes costlier amid crisis" 13900: 13524: 13105:Torrcech San Inocencio, Rafael (7 December 2011). 12053: 11996: 11666: 10452: 10411: 10074:"Caribbean National Forest – El Yunque Trail # 15" 9912: 9381: 8982: 8670: 8529:Amaral, Patrícia & Ana Maria Carvalho (2014). 8381: 8379: 8377: 7067:in an Olympic tournament since the integration of 6990:, enshrined in 1973, 1999, and 2011 respectively. 6788:, widely regarded as "Puerto Rico's national dish" 6108:. Many of the historic fortifications are part of 6073:, which contains the tomb of the Spanish explorer 3597:and trading restrictions, particularly concerning 3034:from the New Progressive Party, while the current 2925:, and those into sectors. Each municipality has a 2620: 2585:, and those into sectors. Each municipality has a 2376:), the largest land animal native to Puerto Rico. 2332:Caribbean Islands National Wildlife Refuge complex 2028:, which stretches from April into November, and a 1658:United Nations Special Committee on Decolonization 20721:1898 disestablishments in the Spanish West Indies 16885: 13388:affecting 791,000 of its 3.2 million inhabitants. 12777:Herms, Daniel A.; McCullough, Deborah G. (2014). 12586: 12584: 12582: 12580: 12578: 12381: 9541:"How Europeans Brought Sickness to the New World" 8843:Igartúa–de la Rosa v. United States (Igartúa III) 6688:and the Orquesta Filarmónica de Puerto Rico. The 5897:In 2017, there were 69 hospitals in Puerto Rico. 5571:Power, Politics and Pentecostals in Latin America 3849:Puerto Rico Highways and Transportation Authority 2740:, home of the Legislative Assembly in Puerto Rico 2518:chief justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico 2407:. These are unique bodies of water surrounded by 1310:. The major sectors of Puerto Rico's economy are 20632: 20201:and other inhabited territories governed by the 17966:Puerto Ricans in the United States Space Program 16835:"Baseball Hall of Fame entry for Roberto Alomar" 16813:"Baseball Hall of Fame entry for Orlando Cepeda" 16491: 16027:"Number of Muslims and Percentage in Puero Rico" 15284:Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language 15196:"Economy and Crime Spur New Puerto Rican Exodus" 14942:Kalgoorlie Western Argus (WA : 1896 - 1916) 14031:. Elnuevodia.com. 31 August 2013. Archived from 14011:"Economy and Crime Spur New Puerto Rican Exodus" 13973:. Department of Defense. Retrieved 17 June 2014. 13932: 13930: 13754: 13137: 12461:"Alarmante la cifra de "carjackings" en la Isla" 11886: 11438: 11436: 9984: 9309: 8933:. Congressional Research Service. 25 June 2013. 8664: 8058: 8056: 6743:San Juan 450th 1971 issue, depicting one of the 6294:Puerto Rican literature evolved from the art of 4591:, while the other two are located in the south ( 4087:in different cities across the main island. The 3811:The 2012 Budget of the government of Puerto Rico 3030:, and others. The current secretary of state is 2744:Constitutionally, Puerto Rico is subject to the 2492:as its lower chamber; the Senate is headed by a 2128:also caused impacts to Puerto Rico during 2019. 1507:A 20th-century reconstruction of an 8th-century 1235:. However, Puerto Ricans who do not reside in a 18134: 17065:Department of Economic Development and Commerce 16445: 14453: 14327: 14273: 14240: 12776: 11896:Martínez Torres, Juez (Judge) (20 March 2015). 11357:Rules of the House of Representatives. Rule III 11260: 11134:, University of California Press, p. 210, 10387:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 9893: 8874:The trauma of Puerto Rico's 'Maria Generation' 8730: 8490: 8374: 5795:(Grammar School). It was established by Bishop 5733:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 4563:The most populous municipality is the capital, 3883:merchant marine shipping routes for Puerto Rico 3555:, #4 in the country, #2 for insects and #3 for 3526:meetings, incentives, conferencing, exhibitions 1588:of 1900 established a civil government, ending 20716:1493 establishments in the Spanish West Indies 16943: 16518: 15806:(in Spanish). Misión Ortodoxa San Juan Clímaco 15321:"U.S. Census Annual Population Estimates 2007" 15168:Data Access and Dissemination Systems (DADS). 14529:Biblioteca Virtual del Gobierno de Puerto Rico 14288:United States Government Accountability Office 12575: 9960: 9958: 9769:. elecciones2020.ceepur.org. 5 November 2020. 9107:. Literature Dept., Presbyterian Home Missions 8633:Informe del Procurador General sobre el idioma 7650:'Free Associated State of Puerto Rico' 7280: 7278: 6477:U.S. Armed Forces Radio and Television Service 6306:Descripción de la Ciudad e Isla de Puerto Rico 4209:Autoridad de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, AAA 3899:national median home value sits at $ 119,600. 2543:, but the commissioner can vote in committee. 1652:President's Task Force on Puerto Rico's Status 1438:The official name of the entity in Spanish is 19803: 19344: 18907: 18120: 17268: 16567: 15944:"The Virtual Jewish History Tour Puerto Rico" 15110: 14893: 14340:. Puerto Rico Ports Authority. Archived from 14216:"Jones Act requirement comes under new light" 14176: 14174: 13927: 13804:. Center for a New Economy. 31 January 2013. 13738:(in Spanish). 4 February 2014. Archived from 13698:"Worsening Debt Crisis Threatens Puerto Rico" 13302:"The Global Competitiveness Report 2013–2014" 13293: 12834: 11433: 10545:"Jose remains dangerous Category 4 hurricane" 9163:The University of Alabama Press. 2004. p.92. 8053: 7673: 6597: 6585: 6573: 6565: 6557: 6549: 6541: 6532: 6526: 6520: 6512: 6504: 6496: 6488: 6480: 6383: 6373: 6331: 6321: 6304: 5910: 5900: 5866: 5858: 5842: 5830: 5822: 5790: 5662:, the first religion of Puerto Rican origin. 5166: 5076:, but also from other parts of Spain such as 5026:, an American demographer who worked for the 4171: 4072: 4032: 4024: 3756:Initially, the oversight board created under 2911:as the secondary unit of administration; for 2758:Laws enacted at the federal level in the U.S. 2379:Puerto Rico has three of the seven year-long 2076:, which are more prevalent during periods of 1967:. On 7 January 2020, the country experienced 1911:Puerto Rico lies at the boundary between the 1439: 1411: 1401: 1392: 1374: 1368: 1362: 1343: 1017: 197: 135: 69: 16492:Sánchez Martínez, Héctor (20 January 2017). 16471:"Debate por el Ave Nacional (primera parte)" 16468: 15971:"The Jewish Palate: The Jews of Puerto Rico" 15968: 15639:Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant and other 15% 11091: 10567: 9966:"The World Factbook – Puerto Rico#Geography" 8788:. Digital Collections, Library of Congress. 8460:"Household Income for States: 2010 and 2011" 8424: 8422: 8420: 8418: 7970:"U.S. Territories - Developments in the Law" 6684:, the island hosts two main orchestras, the 5889:Old Hospital Doctor Pila in Barrio Primero, 5462:Religious affiliation in Puerto Rico (2014) 2915:purposes, the municipalities are considered 2854:, and others. While Puerto Rico has its own 2682:(English: Sovereign Union Movement) and the 2222:: Luquillo Biosphere Reserve represented by 1638:controlled by the U.S., remains an anomaly. 17185: 16614: 16446:López Maldonado, Cesiach (21 August 2019). 16003:. Luxner.com. 3 August 2004. Archived from 15826:"Iglesia Ortodoxa Patriarcado de Antioquia" 14823: 14631: 14303:Impact of the U.S. Jones Act on Puerto Rico 13173: 11622:"Puerto Ricans pay federal commodity taxes" 10323:. University of North Carolina Wilmington. 9955: 9638:Ley Numero 283 del 28 de diciembre de 2011. 9425:Historian, Office of the (1 January 2013). 9080:"Taino Indigenous Peoples of the Caribbean" 8293: 8268: 8240: 8215: 8190: 8165: 7645: 7624: 7275: 7012:have won their respective divisions at the 5972:Puerto Rico has many symbols, but only the 5523:, visited Puerto Rico in October 1984. All 4170:On 20 July 2018, Puerto Rico Law 120-2018 ( 4141:government-owned corporation of Puerto Rico 3833:Puerto Rico's government-owned corporations 3176:is stationed in Puerto Rico – known as the 2991:and Europe, with most located in San Juan. 2878: 2725:in Puerto Rico, the U.S. Congress, and the 2546:Puerto Rican elections are governed by the 1783:NOAA Bathymetry Image of Puerto Rico (2020) 1746:Puerto Rico Department of Natural Resources 1386: 1380: 1349: 163: 53:Organized and Unincorporated U.S. territory 20711:States and territories established in 1898 20701:Spanish-speaking countries and territories 19810: 19796: 19351: 19337: 18914: 18900: 18127: 18113: 17275: 17261: 15448: 15368:"Language Education Policy in Puerto Rico" 14171: 13798:"San Juan 2023 o la decadencia de un País" 13581: 13546: 13544: 13454: 13138:Millán Rodríguez, Yamilet (4 April 2013). 12111:Maryland General Assembly (8 April 1997). 11942:(in Spanish). 20 July 2013. Archived from 11466: 10772: 10153: 9659:Fortuño calls for status vote next August. 8852:, 417 F.3d 145 (1st Cir. 2005) (en banc), 8764:. Cambridge University Press. p. 37. 8318: 6218:evolved from the Catholic Church's use of 4981:Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 4552: 4201:Puerto Rico Aqueducts and Sewers Authority 4195:Puerto Rico Aqueducts and Sewers Authority 3857:Puerto Rico Aqueducts and Sewers Authority 3228:, the National Guard training facility at 3016:Puerto Rico Federal Affairs Administration 2558:. Puerto Ricans who become residents of a 2423: 1292:Puerto Rico Industrial Development Company 17231:United Nations Declaration on Puerto Rico 17003: 16919:"AND1 & PR Streetball Put on a Show!" 16916: 16763:El Gusto Boricua en el Sur de la Florida. 16647: 16388: 15693:. Pew Research Center. 13 November 2014. 15472:Puerto Rico. Office of Historian (1949). 14965: 14963: 14826:"Puerto Rico: A U.S. Territory in Crisis" 14075: 13984:"Puerto Rico's Cost of Living Skyrockets" 13662: 13275:"World Bank Indicators 2012: Puerto Rico" 12960:American Institute of Biological Sciences 12800: 12750: 12675: 11624:. Stanford.wellsphere.com. Archived from 11524: 11474:"LinktoPR.com – Fundación de los Pueblos" 10933: 10915: 10478: 10437: 10405: 10287:"NOAA Ocean Explorer: Puerto Rico Trench" 10258: 10254: 10252: 9809: 9683:. Caribbeanbusinesspr.com. Archived from 9679:casiano communications (4 October 2011). 9428:Hispanic Americans in Congress, 1822–2012 9424: 9179: 8917:residents of Puerto Rico must still pay). 8415: 8140: 6479:. Newspapers with daily distribution are 6471:, the majority of which are conducted in 6364:is valuable in understanding the way the 5573:, Edward Cleary, ed., 1997. p. 164). 5037:Continuous European immigration and high 2717:Proposed political status for Puerto Rico 2691:Other non-registered parties include the 2552:State Elections Commission of Puerto Rico 1648:Proposed political status for Puerto Rico 1269:Puerto Rico Federal Relations Act of 1950 19359:Political divisions of the United States 17282: 17137:) is being considered for deletion. See 15745: 15224: 14848: 14555:, 23 May 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2014. 14454:Rivera Clemente, Yaritza (4 June 2021). 14253:"GAO's Jones Act Report Is Inconclusive" 14213: 14119: 13484: 13482: 13336: 13206: 12890:Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 12141: 11988: 11235: 11123: 10375: 10348: 10311: 10163:. U.S. Geological Survey. Archived from 9528:Ponce En Su Historia Moderna: 1945–2002. 9509: 9161:Languages of the Pre-Columbian Antilles. 9052: 7716:spelling, for instance, was used in the 7294:policy (as codified in the department's 7218:Women's Tennis singles title in Rio 2016 7085: 6975:. Puerto Rican baseball players include 6911:2013 World Baseball Classic championship 6905: 6780: 6738: 6623: 6283: 6193: 6137: 6036: 5884: 5789:The first school in Puerto Rico was the 5591: 5056: 4066: 3980: 3901: 3874: 3851:(PRHTA) reporting losses of $ 409M, the 3806: 3707: 3620: 3467: 3190: 3082: 2882: 2731: 2701:Hostosian National Independence Movement 2630: 2302:), the Puerto Rican sharp-shinned hawk ( 2232: 2003: 1837: 1778: 1711: 1521: 1502: 1338:Puerto Rico is Spanish for "rich port". 16423:. Puerto Rican Music TV. Archived from 15938: 15936: 15541:"La presencia Germanica en Puerto Rico" 15323:. Factfinder.census.gov. Archived from 15307:The Status of Languages in Puerto Rico. 14854: 14008: 13769:Puerto Rico Government Development Bank 13541: 12302: 12251: 12211:The U.S. Justice System An Encyclopedia 11934:"Colombia y Puerto Rico se dan la mano" 11763: 11761: 10858:sfn error: no target: CITEREFPCCC2022 ( 10839:sfn error: no target: CITEREFPCCC2022 ( 9575: 8671:Stacy Taus-Bolstad (1 September 2004). 7004:are considered popular sports as well. 6475:. There are also three stations of the 6222:to convert indigenous Puerto Ricans to 4167:, and is run by an executive director. 3837:federal government of the United States 3787:Budget of the Government of Puerto Rico 3643:its highly inefficient local government 3358:The insular legal system is a blend of 3332:for its heroism during the Korean War. 2937:Foreign and intergovernmental relations 2775:U.S. citizens residing in Puerto Rico. 2627:Political party strength in Puerto Rico 2510:the last election held in November 2020 2356:Mona and Monito Islands Nature Reserves 2308:), the Puerto Rican broad-winged hawk ( 1939:, represent some of the most dangerous 1397:, meaning "the island of enchantment". 1286:Beginning in the mid-20th century, the 20661:Dependent territories in the Caribbean 20646:Caribbean islands of the United States 20633: 20247:Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands 16469:Pérez Rivera, Raúl (2 December 2015). 16357: 16112:. Saudiaramcoworld.com. Archived from 16033:from the original on 27 September 2011 15846:. Webpub.allegheny.edu. Archived from 15746:Barillas, Martin (10 September 2017). 15031:"The Other Border: Puerto Rico's Seas" 14960: 14930: 13948:from the original on 17 September 2013 13550: 13318:from the original on 20 September 2018 13299: 13174:Vera Rosado, Ileanexis (17 May 2013). 12329:Rico, Metro Puerto (8 February 2018). 12208: 12093: 12091: 11907:. El Tribunal Supremo de Puerto Rico. 11539:from the original on 28 September 2019 10898:Dinerstein, Eric; et al. (2017). 10753:U.S. Energy Information Administration 10749:"Puerto Rico Territory Energy Profile" 10638:from the original on 28 September 2017 10612:from the original on 21 September 2017 10582:from the original on 21 September 2017 10555:from the original on 10 September 2017 10493:Aurelio Mercado and Harry Justiniano. 10338:– via Journal of Marine Geology. 10249: 9630: 9551: 9510:Sciences, New York Academy of (1922). 8757: 7761:339, 342 (1906) is available from: 7608: 7415: 6525:is distributed free of charge, as are 6149:, a former fire station built in 1882. 5861:Universidad Politécnica de Puerto Rico 5761:New York Padmasambhava Buddhist Center 4614:Largest cities or towns in Puerto Rico 4289: 4240:U.S. Federal Communications Commission 4062:Rafael Hernández International Airport 4050:Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport 3688:. Puerto Rico's dependency on oil for 3639:whenever a political party gains power 3417:Federal District Court for Puerto Rico 3099:with the president of the U.S. as its 2848:Transportation Security Administration 2666:to make Puerto Rico a sovereign nation 1241:disenfranchised from federal elections 1098:. With approximately 3.2 million 638:13,792 km (5,325 sq mi) 19791: 19332: 18895: 18108: 17971:Puerto Rican scientists and inventors 17256: 16886:Jesús Omar Rivera (29 October 2008). 16777:Sofrito, imprescindible para latinos. 16594:"Puerto Rico in the Great Depression" 16264:"Iglesia Pastafariana de Puerto Rico" 16110:"Muslims concentrated in Rio Piedras" 15981:from the original on 23 December 2016 15950:from the original on 26 December 2015 15650: 15599:from the original on 18 February 2017 15528:Album Histórico de Ponce (1692–1963). 15378:from the original on 22 February 2017 14795:"Wall Street eyes PR population loss" 14787: 14420: 14180: 13898: 13864:"Reporte General sobre Deuda Pública" 13695: 13631: 13594:from the original on 17 February 2017 13563:from the original on 17 February 2017 13514: 13479: 13467:from the original on 17 February 2017 13436:from the original on 27 November 2019 13407:from the original on 27 November 2019 13377:from the original on 27 November 2019 13337:Quintero, Laura (14 September 2013). 13281:from the original on 15 February 2020 13239: 13140:"Denuncian politización de Junta AEE" 12855:10.1146/annurev.ento.52.110405.091401 12639: 12497:from the original on 12 December 2021 11994: 11687:from the original on 30 November 2020 11602:from the original on 11 December 2008 11292: 11248:from the original on 27 February 2020 11085: 9998:from the original on 24 December 2018 9767:"2020 Puerto Rican status referendum" 9159:Julian Granberry and Gary Vescelius. 9100: 8705: 8440:from the original on 20 November 2023 7692:officially back-corrected the former 7599: 7456: 7313:is gender-neutral, whereas the terms 7230:Index of Puerto Rico-related articles 6354:The Historical Library of Puerto Rico 5381:Based on 1 July 2019 estimate by the 4227: 3829:Department of Treasury of Puerto Rico 3476:per capita development of Puerto Rico 3403:The judicial branch is headed by the 3288:in 1779 under the command of General 2931:Autonomous Municipalities Act of 1991 2919:. Municipalities are subdivided into 1028:for 'rich port'; abbreviated 658:4,924 km (1,901 sq mi) 648:8,868 km (3,424 sq mi) 20696:Spanish colonization of the Americas 20478: 20398: 17020:from the original on 26 August 2016. 16921:. BoricuaBallers.com. Archived from 16225:2016 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses 15933: 15727:from the original on 7 November 2020 15663:from the original on 10 October 2018 15651:López, Gustavo (15 September 2015). 15482:from the original on 11 January 2024 15461:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 15119:from the original on 21 October 2014 14836:from the original on 3 November 2023 14744:from the original on 1 December 2021 14698:from the original on 1 December 2021 14214:Santiago, Jaime (29 November 2012). 14098: 14009:Alvarez, Lizette (8 February 2014). 13899:Walsh, Mary Williams (2 July 2017). 13710:from the original on 2 November 2013 13207:González, Jenisabel (13 June 2012). 13059:from the original on 22 October 2022 12328: 12190:from the original on 19 January 2024 12162: 12123:from the original on 5 November 2011 12078: 11914:from the original on 22 January 2016 11870:. PRFAA. 6 July 2009. Archived from 11758: 11705: 11492: 11421:from the original on 28 October 2011 11350: 11147: 11030:from the original on 8 December 2022 10853: 10834: 10729:from the original on 1 February 2021 10573: 10418:International Journal of Climatology 10383:"NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data" 10363:from the original on 17 October 2023 10342: 10054:from the original on 2 December 2021 10028:from the original on 11 January 2021 9773:from the original on 3 November 2020 9491:from the original on 8 February 2024 9445:from the original on 8 February 2024 9406:from the original on 8 February 2024 9356:To change the name of the island of 9338:from the original on 8 February 2024 8677:. Lerner Publications. pp. 7–. 8491:Fuentes-Ramírez, Ricardo R. (2017). 8076:from the original on 21 October 2021 7995: 7993: 7641:Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico 7385: 7187:Central American and Caribbean Games 7183:Central American and Caribbean Games 7049:Puerto Rico national basketball team 4875: 4125:Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority 4119:Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority 3853:Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority 3804:for four decades beginning in 1973. 3340:Guards, or the U.S. Reserve forces. 3276:, when volunteers from Puerto Rico, 3047:resident commissioner of Puerto Rico 3028:Agency for International Development 2566:can vote in presidential elections. 1748:. There are many other even smaller 1630:, paved the way for the drafting of 1461: 1442:Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico 1106:, of which the most populous is the 71:Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico 65:Free Associated State of Puerto Rico 17242:Special Committee on Decolonization 17004:Waldstein, David (25 August 2016). 16586: 16376:from the original on 14 August 2021 15993: 15884: 15629:from the original on 5 January 2021 15595:. Associated Press. 12 March 2014. 15011:from the original on 5 January 2021 14775:from the original on 4 October 2023 14518:Asamblea Legislativa de Puerto Rico 14076:Dougherty, Conor (14 August 2007). 14057:. Primerahora.com. 13 February 2013 13942:Minority Rights Group International 13273:World Bank Indicators; World Bank. 12384:"Investigan carjacking en Guaynabo" 12382:Nicole Candelaria (26 March 2018). 12088: 12066:from the original on 3 October 2017 12009:from the original on 26 July 2019. 11976:from the original on 2 October 2013 11596:"Constitutional Topic: Citizenship" 11111:from the original on 20 August 2023 11064:from the original on 20 August 2023 10698:from the original on 28 August 2019 10668:from the original on 28 August 2019 10330:from the original on 20 August 2023 10161:"Earthquake History of Puerto Rico" 9972:from the original on 5 January 2021 9896:Boletin Cientifico Sapiens Research 9291:from the original on 19 August 2016 9078:Cayetano Coll y Toste, ed. (1972). 8970:from the original on 27 August 2017 8731:Santiago-Valles, Kelvin A. (1994). 8576:from the original on 5 January 2021 8276:"Desecheo National Wildlife Refuge" 7672:Proyecto Salón Hogar (in Spanish) " 7490:country or dependency in the world. 7472: 7129:International Wrestling Association 7053:International Basketball Federation 6767:illustrated by a bird issued 2011. 6699:, the legendary Puerto Rican tenor 6202:. Painting currently housed in the 5825:Sistema Universitario Ana G. Mendez 4567:, with 342,259 people based on the 4188: 4133:Autoridad de Energía Eléctrica, AEE 3947:has requested several times to the 3747:Puerto Rican government-debt crisis 3559:. Most species are originally from 3413:Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico 3126:who delegates his authority to the 3020:Office of the Resident Commissioner 2987:from 41 countries, mainly from the 2844:Federal Emergency Management Agency 2754:Article IV of the U.S. Constitution 2706: 2673:Puerto Ricans for Puerto Rico Party 2500:, while the House is headed by the 2454:, with the head of state being the 1410:, while the capital city was named 1281:current and future political status 13: 20681:Insular areas of the United States 19835:Organized incorporated territories 17366:Tibes Indigenous Ceremonial Center 16944:Joshua Hammann (14 October 2008). 16448:"Entre leyes y múltiples indultos" 16244:from the original on 12 March 2011 15697:from the original on 30 March 2022 15430:from the original on 30 March 2022 15404:from the original on 27 March 2023 15264:from the original on 30 March 2021 14977:. Pew Research, DC. January 2017. 14875:from the original on 24 March 2023 14801:. 14 December 2012. Archived from 14685: 14667:from the original on 17 April 2021 14099:Coto, Danica (29 September 2013). 13808:from the original on 29 April 2014 13209:"Debemos más de lo que producimos" 12802:10.1146/annurev-ento-011613-162051 12563:from the original on 28 April 2017 12467:. Redacción Digital. 14 March 2019 12177: 11714:from the original on 29 April 2012 11532:. Congressional Research Service. 10994:from the original on 30 March 2023 10574:Berg, Robbie (20 September 2017). 9851:10.1016/B978-0-12-800214-8.00004-9 9839:Marine Managed Areas and Fisheries 9713:. Associated Press. Archived from 9227:from the original on 30 April 2014 8833:(1941) Retrieved: 14 January 2015. 8792:from the original on 11 April 2020 8570:"CIA World Factbook – Puerto Rico" 8403:from the original on 26 April 2021 8362:from the original on 30 March 2021 8330:Sistemas de Información Geográfica 7590:-tə -⁠, -⁠toh -⁠ 7014:World Amateur Boxing Championships 6949:Puerto Rico national baseball team 5919:, by means of contracting private 5541:, was established in Ponce by the 5332:. There are also large numbers of 5158: 4279: 3783:Puerto Rico government-debt crisis 3776: 3760:called for Puerto Rico's governor 3464:Puerto Rico government-debt crisis 3385:Title 48 of the United States Code 3300:. The most notable example is the 2996:Department of State of Puerto Rico 2865:New Yorker of Puerto Rican descent 2364:), the Puerto Rican crested toad ( 2012:The climate of Puerto Rico in the 1626:of 1917, which made Puerto Ricans 14: 20737: 17141:to help reach a consensus. › 17028: 16270:from the original on 28 July 2020 16176:from the original on 3 April 2023 15547:from the original on 17 July 2018 15504:. Episcopalpr.org. Archived from 15449:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). 15372:Language Education Policy Studies 15206:from the original on 27 June 2017 15149:from the original on 23 June 2015 15041:from the original on 24 July 2015 14948:from the original on 28 July 2020 14586:Federal Communications Commission 14468:from the original on 10 June 2021 14435:from the original on 10 June 2021 14421:Pagán, José Karlo (18 May 2021). 13771:. 18 October 2013. Archived from 12150:from the original on 13 July 2014 11506:from the original on 9 April 2020 11389:from the original on 29 July 2021 11306:from the original on 21 June 2022 11132:Iguanas: Biology and Conservation 10960:. Islands.unep.ch. Archived from 10775:"Climate Change Knowledge Portal" 10293:from the original on 24 July 2013 10267:from the original on 24 July 2013 10116:(archived from on 29 June 2007). 9875:from the original on 28 July 2020 9618:from the original on 9 April 2020 9578:Revista de Derecho Puertorriqueño 8999:from the original on 17 June 2019 8940:from the original on 3 March 2016 7990: 6959:(winning fourteen times) and the 6686:Orquesta Sinfónica de Puerto Rico 4533:Cultural diversity in Puerto Rico 4181:and the former-PREPA workers and 4005:U.S. Department of Transportation 3970: 3870: 3821:an ongoing government-debt crisis 3672:, with most products coming from 3165:and Air National Guards, and the 3004:secretary of state of Puerto Rico 2348:Vieques National Wildlife Refuges 2131: 1955:. It originated off the coast of 1419:The island's name was changed to 1213:elements. In 1898, following the 742:361.4/km (936.0/sq mi) ( 20671:Former colonies in North America 20572: 20555: 20538: 20521: 20504: 20487: 20459: 20447: 20435: 20423: 20397: 20388: 20387: 20199:United Nations trust territories 19819:Territories of the United States 19308: 19151: 19050:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 18875: 17169: 17159: 16997: 16981:. 14 August 2016. Archived from 16963: 16937: 16910: 16879: 16853: 16827: 16805: 16783: 16769: 16755: 16741: 16732: 16713: 16674: 16652:. University of Illinois Press. 16641: 16608: 16561: 16539: 16512: 16494:"¿Tenemos o no un ave nacional?" 16485: 16462: 16439: 16413: 16400: 16351: 16321: 16299: 16282: 16256: 16230: 16218: 16206:from the original on 17 May 2023 16200:newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org 16188: 16158: 16128: 16102: 16076: 16045: 16019: 15962: 15921:from the original on 11 May 2011 15907: 15862: 15836: 15818: 15796: 15770: 15739: 15709: 15679: 15644: 15619:"Puerto Rico People and Society" 15611: 15581: 15559: 15533: 15520: 15494: 15442: 15416: 15398:"Key findings about Puerto Rico" 15390: 15360: 15339: 15299: 15289: 15276: 15244: 15218: 15188: 15161: 15131: 15104: 15053: 15023: 14993: 14981:from the original on 11 May 2019 14887: 14817: 14756: 14730: 14679: 14653: 14625: 14600: 14574: 14542: 14510: 14480: 14447: 14414: 14378: 14366:. Port of the Americas Authority 14356: 14294: 14207: 14157:Federal Reserve Bank of New York 14145: 14092: 14069: 14047: 14021: 14002: 13976: 13960: 13915:from the original on 3 July 2017 13892: 13856: 13820: 13790: 13722: 13689: 13663:Castrodad, José (7 April 2014). 13625: 13610: 13575: 13508: 13448: 13422: 13393: 13363: 13330: 13266: 13240:Bauzá, Nydia (2 December 2013). 13233: 13200: 13131: 13107:"La autosuficiencia alimentaria" 13098: 13074: 12677:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01600.x 12545: 12509: 12479: 12453: 12428: 12402: 12375: 12349: 12322: 12303:Navarro, Mireya (31 July 1994). 12296: 12266: 12245: 12227: 12202: 12171: 12135: 12104: 12046: 12034:from the original on 21 May 2018 12016: 11958: 11926: 11860: 11839: 11827:from the original on 9 July 2017 11806: 11797: 11726: 11699: 11654:from the original on 3 July 2017 11640: 11614: 11576: 11560: 11551: 11518: 11401: 11369: 11229: 11199: 11076: 11054:Journal of Caribbean Ornithology 11042: 11006: 10976: 10950: 10710: 10680: 10650: 10624: 10594: 10537: 10507: 10487: 10446: 10305: 9943:from the original on 9 July 2017 9261:from the original on 8 July 2012 8280:U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 8223:"Culebra Municipio, Puerto Rico" 8173:"Vieques Municipio, Puerto Rico" 8011:from the original on 9 July 2021 8007:. Department of Commerce. 2019. 7924: 7914: 7905: 7896: 7886: 7876: 7866: 7857: 7848: 7839: 7829: 7819: 7809: 7800: 7506: 7408:of 68,605 m² (177,327 km²). See 5539:Iglesia de la Santísima Trinidad 4698: 4688: 4661: 4651: 3956:Government Accountability Office 2662:to make Puerto Rico a U.S. state 2163:, sea surface temperatures, and 2137:This section is an excerpt from 1465: 846: 845: 827: 826: 794: 793: 775: 774: 271:Captaincy General of Puerto Rico 253: 235: 218: 113: 98: 87: 20253:American Concession in Shanghai 18168:Aguadilla–Isabela–San Sebastián 17356:1950s Nationalist Party revolts 17198:. November 1997. Archived from 16358:Dorell, Oren (5 October 2017). 15897:; Publisher: Ediciones Puerto; 15170:"American FactFinder – Results" 15111:James Bargent (27 March 2017). 14918:from the original on 7 May 2008 14661:"Population History, 1765–2010" 14103:. Nbclatino.com. Archived from 13632:Bases, Daniel (4 August 2017). 13551:Watson, Dan (17 January 2017). 13515:Platt, Eric (19 January 2017). 11995:Wines, Michael (26 July 2019). 11021:US Fish & Wildlife Services 10495:Coastal Hazards of Puerto Rico. 10279: 10232: 10214: 10197: 10179: 10122: 10092: 10066: 10040: 10010: 9925: 9906: 9887: 9826: 9785: 9759: 9729: 9699: 9672: 9651: 9604: 9520: 9516:. New York Academy of Sciences. 9503: 9474: 9457: 9418: 9375: 9350: 9303: 9273: 9239: 9213: 9180:Schechter, Patricia A. (2012). 9173: 9153: 9136: 9119: 9101:Grose, Howard Benjamin (1910). 9094: 9071: 9046: 8952: 8920: 8888: 8866: 8836: 8817: 8804: 8778: 8751: 8724: 8699: 8638: 8621: 8588: 8522: 8484: 8452: 8344: 8114: 7743: 7682: 7666: 7661:Political status of Puerto Rico 7653: 7633: 7493: 7069:National Basketball Association 6431:(Eccentric Neighborhoods). and 6110:San Juan National Historic Site 6048:Old San Juan is one of the two 6007: 5902:Reforma de Salud de Puerto Rico 5869:Universidad del Sagrado Corazón 5799:in 1513, in the area where the 5771:temple in Gurabo is devoted to 5691:established the island's first 5399:English language in Puerto Rico 4521:1765–2020 (*1899 shown as 1900) 4265: 4058:Mercedita International Airport 3986:Puerto Rico interstate highways 3945:local government of Puerto Rico 3480:Puerto Rico is classified as a 3178:Puerto Rico Army National Guard 3063:Organization of American States 2840:Federal Bureau of Investigation 2748:of the U.S. Congress under the 2713:Political status of Puerto Rico 2654:Puerto Rican Independence Party 2621:Political parties and elections 2370:), and the Mona ground iguana ( 2314:) and the elfin woods warbler ( 2265:species (13 of 17) live in the 2220:Man and the Biosphere Programme 2188: 1808:, just over 18% of the size of 1641: 1423:by the United States after the 1322:, and electronics) followed by 1134:, though Spanish predominates. 20726:Small Island Developing States 20259:American concession of Tianjin 19367:List of states and territories 17165:Wikimedia Atlas of Puerto Rico 17153: 16888:"Boricuas lucíos en una rueda" 16525:. Lonely Planet. p. 225. 15844:"Latin American issues Vol. 3" 14364:"About the Project – Overview" 14133:. Department of Commerce. 2016 13802:Centro Para Una Nueva Economía 13696:Walsh, Mary (7 October 2013). 13582:Nick Brown (18 January 2017). 13455:Nick Brown (18 January 2017). 12252:Chalabi, Mona (22 July 2012). 11769:"Joint Committee on Taxation. 10459:Journal of Applied Meteorology 10018:"The World Factbook – Jamaica" 9841:. Advances in Marine Biology. 9431:. Government Printing Office. 8710:. Westview Press. p. 10. 8088: 8023: 7962: 7610:[ˈpweltoˈχiko,-ˈʀ̥iko] 7332: 7303: 7258: 7246:List of islands of Puerto Rico 6459:in Puerto Rico includes local 6071:Cathedral of San Juan Bautista 6065:plazas and churches including 5855:Pontifical Catholic University 5599:, built between 1535 and 1802. 5130:Royal Decree of Graces of 1815 5126:Real Cédula de Gracias de 1815 4112: 3740: 3660:. However, it has the highest 3328:; in 2014, it was awarded the 3186:Puerto Rico Air National Guard 3067:U.S. ambassador to El Salvador 2947:Puerto Rico is subject to the 2852:Social Security Administration 2693:Puerto Rican Nationalist Party 2456:president of the United States 2093:2017 Atlantic hurricane season 1965:Puerto Rican Nationalist Party 1708:List of islands of Puerto Rico 1571:Royal Decree of Graces of 1815 1538:before 430 BC. At the time of 16:Territory of the United States 1: 17219:"Puerto Rico: Resource Guide" 17126: 16084:"Muslim mosques in Pto. Rico" 15969:Dennis Wasko (11 July 2011). 15917:. Prairieschooltraveler.com. 14565:"Communications: Puerto Rico" 13013:Ecological Society of America 12903:Ecological Society of America 12416:(in Spanish). 19 January 2019 11650:. Irs.gov. 18 December 2009. 10578:. National Hurricane Center. 10504:Retrieved on 23 January 2008. 10349:Stillman, Dan (7 June 2023). 9743:. 6 June 2016. Archived from 9388:. Other Press, LLC. pp. 7955: 7663:article for more information. 6761:Castillo San Felipe del Morro 6362:The Indo-Antillano Vocabulary 6273: 6020:Spanish colonial architecture 5028:Office of Population Research 4638:Metropolitan Statistical Area 4571:. Other major cities include 4559:List of cities in Puerto Rico 4234:Communications in Puerto Rico 4009:Puerto Rico Police Department 3977:Transportation in Puerto Rico 3589:and subsequent dependence on 3250:Muñiz Air National Guard Base 3218:Roosevelt Roads Naval Station 3210:Roosevelt Roads Naval Station 3091:) throughout the 20th century 2893:Municipalities of Puerto Rico 2685:Partido del Pueblo Trabajador 2440:republican form of government 2311:Buteo platypterus brunnescens 2139:Climate change in Puerto Rico 2063: 2014:Köppen climate classification 1919:and is being deformed by the 1267:, which governs it under the 1219:acquired by the United States 1181:settlers, primarily from the 149:('The Island of Enchantment') 19850:U.S. territorial sovereignty 19296:United States Virgin Islands 17110:(in Spanish). Archived from 16894:(in Spanish). Archived from 15946:. Jewishvirtuallibrary.org. 15567:"Protestants in Puerto Rico" 14894:Van Middeldyk, R. A (1975). 14830:Council on Foreign Relations 13967:"Fort Buchanan, Puerto Rico" 13490:"Puerto Rico Gets More Time" 13347:(in Spanish). Archived from 13250:(in Spanish). Archived from 13217:(in Spanish). Archived from 13184:(in Spanish). Archived from 13148:(in Spanish). Archived from 13115:(in Spanish). Archived from 13089:Penn World Table Version 7.1 11598:. U.S. Constitution Online. 10875:"Puerto Rico Revolving Fund" 10806:10.1016/j.culher.2018.01.016 10794:Journal of Cultural Heritage 10312:Mondziel, Steven A. (2007). 9484:Porto Rico: A Caribbean Isle 7873:proactivos, y no lo fuimos." 7404:3,510 m² (9,090 km²) and an 7081:Baloncesto Superior Nacional 6796:. Basic ingredients include 6728: 6094:El Palacio de Santa Catalina 5778: 5388: 4589:San Juan's metropolitan area 4107: 3802:to balance its actual budget 3593:; and vulnerability to U.S. 3539:Responsibility for San Juan 3445:In 1992, the FBI made armed 3437:Illegal drugs in Puerto Rico 3304:of the U.S. Army, nicknamed 3128:Puerto Rico adjutant general 3122:of both local forces is the 2856:Commonwealth judicial system 2816:Supplemental Security Income 2787:when it has been in effect. 2679:Movimiento Unión Soberanista 2068:Puerto Rico experiences the 1827:, one of the highest in the 1693: 1333: 701:1,338 m (4,390 ft) 436:1.1% non-Hispanic or Latino 31:Puerto Rico (disambiguation) 7: 20620:Commonwealth of Puerto Rico 19754:List of Indian reservations 17720:Puerto Rican crested anole 17174:Geographic data related to 16615:Acosta Cruz, María (2014). 16522:Puerto Rico, a Travel Guide 15687:"Religion in Latin America" 15659:. Pew Research Center, DC. 15424:"Religion in Latin America" 15257:United States Census Bureau 15231:United States Census Bureau 15005:Central Intelligence Agency 14763:U.S. Census Bureau (2020). 14663:. Welcome to Puerto Rico!. 14582:"Amateur Call Sign Systems" 13373:. USA Today. 2 April 2019. 12838:Annual Review of Entomology 12784:Annual Review of Entomology 10824:– via Science Direct. 10048:"The World Factbook – Cuba" 9382:Patricia Gherovici (2003). 9285:History, Art & Archives 8434:International Monetary Fund 8394:United States Census Bureau 8356:United States Census Bureau 8152:United States Census Bureau 7223: 7057:FIBA Americas Championships 6930:Puerto Rico Baseball League 6014:Architecture of Puerto Rico 5909:) – locally referred to as 5511:in the Americas, including 5454: 5142: 4529:Demographics of Puerto Rico 3912:Merchant Marine Act of 1920 3865:compound annual growth rate 3547:. So high is the volume of 3490:International Monetary Fund 3350:Constitution of Puerto Rico 3202:ballistic missile submarine 3072: 2664:. Meanwhile, the PIP seeks 2575:40 representative districts 2548:Federal Election Commission 2488:as its upper chamber and a 1872:rocks, overlain by younger 1857:Puerto Rico is composed of 1804:. It is 80% of the size of 1452:Commonwealth of Puerto Rico 1296:International Monetary Fund 1034:Commonwealth of Puerto Rico 61:Commonwealth of Puerto Rico 23:Porto Rico (disambiguation) 10: 20742: 20100:Unincorporated territories 19081:San Andrés and Providencia 18923:Countries and dependencies 18669:Isla de Ratones, Cabo Rojo 16917:Raul Sosa (27 July 2012). 16701:Puerto Rico Election Issue 16551:www.nationalgeographic.com 16086:. Pupr.edu. Archived from 14971:"Demography – Puerto Rico" 14901:The History of Puerto Rico 14855:Taeuber, Irene B. (1943). 13557:Department of the Treasury 13523:. New York. Archived from 13093:University of Pennsylvania 12660:British Ecological Society 12647:Journal of Applied Ecology 12363:(in Spanish). 9 March 2017 12209:Wilson, Steven H. (2021). 11095:; Whitmore, J. L. (1973). 11060:(3): 4. 18 December 1990. 10289:. Oceanexplorer.noaa.gov. 10100:"Los Lagos de Puerto Rico" 10076:. GORP.com. Archived from 9470:. Office of the Secretary. 9223:. Proyectosalonhogar.com. 8737:. SUNY Press. p. ix. 8326:"Geografía de Puerto Rico" 7156:Orlando "El Gato" Meléndez 7016:. Other medalists include 6899: 6774: 6770: 6732: 6635:A dancer performs typical 6617: 6448: 6333:La peregrinación de Bayoán 6277: 6187: 6011: 5930: 5926: 5782: 5767:Church of Puerto Rico. An 5636:Antiochian Orthodox Church 5441:that of the Canary Islands 5426:Puerto Rican Sign Language 5392: 5276:, over half come from the 5167:Immigration and emigration 4879: 4687: 4650: 4605: 4556: 4526: 4231: 4192: 4116: 4013:San Juan metropolitan area 3974: 3791:public debt of Puerto Rico 3780: 3718: 3703: 3607:U.S. Internal Revenue Code 3530:convention center district 3457: 3453: 3430: 3347: 3103:. Puerto Rico has its own 3076: 3014:based in Puerto Rico. The 2940: 2890: 2806:In 2009, Puerto Rico paid 2710: 2697:Socialist Workers Movement 2624: 2571:eight senatorial districts 2427: 2411:that are inhabited by the 2305:Accipiter striatus venator 2213:Greater Antilles mangroves 2205:Puerto Rican moist forests 2192: 2136: 1997: 1993: 1945:1918 San Fermín earthquake 1720:, in southeast Puerto Rico 1697: 1645: 1632:Puerto Rico's Constitution 1496: 1457: 1400:Columbus named the island 27:Borinquen (disambiguation) 20: 20383: 20285: 20268: 20211: 20194: 20108: 20095: 19858: 19825: 19764:International concessions 19762: 19744: 19686: 19648: 19634: 19373: 19364: 19304: 19283: 19242: 19216: 19185: 19169: 19160: 19149: 19068: 18942: 18933: 18871: 18785: 18717: 18614: 18211: 18158: 18146: 18066: 17984: 17931: 17922: 17857: 17848: 17756: 17747: 17671: 17636: 17627: 17614: 17607: 17507:El Yunque National Forest 17445: 17436: 17384: 17303: 17294: 15569:. english.turkcebilgi.com 13403:. ViaHero. 2 April 2019. 12640:Hulme, Philip E. (2009). 12624:10.1007/s10530-005-1798-4 11525:Keith Bea (25 May 2005). 11177:10.1007/s12237-014-9827-0 10984:"Coquí in the Rainforest" 10873:Gobierno de Puerto Rico. 9992:"Welcome to Puerto Rico!" 9933:"Bathymetric Data Viewer" 9385:The Puerto Rican syndrome 9310:Pedro A. Malavet (2004). 9221:"Historia de Puerto Rico" 9028:Government of Puerto Rico 8881:24 September 2019 at the 7486:island in the world, and 7482:island in the Caribbean, 7110:Puerto Rico Soccer League 6895: 6854:. Desserts include flan, 6086:Fort San Felipe del Morro 6084:, such as the emblematic 5963:University of Puerto Rico 5907:Puerto Rico Health Reform 5880: 5867: 5859: 5851:Inter American University 5843: 5831: 5823: 5819:University of Puerto Rico 5664:Taíno religious practices 5621:Eastern Orthodox Churches 5324:and a smaller number are 5173: 5137:2000 United States Census 5017:2010 United States Census 5002: 4994: 4989: 4979: 4974: 4964: 4959: 4949: 4944: 4934: 4929: 4919: 4914: 4904: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4520: 4505: 4490: 4475: 4460: 4445: 4430: 4415: 4400: 4385: 4370: 4355: 4340: 4325: 4310: 4295: 4288: 4283: 4278: 4275: 4017:public bus transit system 3587:lack of natural resources 3409:Puerto Rico Supreme Court 3312:regiment participated in 3143:U.S. Joint Forces Command 3032:Larry Seilhamer Rodríguez 2652:(PNP in Spanish) and the 2430:Government of Puerto Rico 2267:El Yunque National Forest 2228:Guánica Biosphere Reserve 2224:El Yunque National Forest 2174:climate change mitigation 2086:Lake Okeechobee Hurricane 2070:Atlantic hurricane season 1833:El Yunque National Forest 1756:, located near Mona, and 1590:rule by American generals 1243:and generally do not pay 1054:under the designation of 1018: 1003: 980: 966: 954: 944: 934: 917: 902: 878: 858: 839: 820: 806: 787: 768: 750: 736: 726: 712: 705: 697: 687: 683:178 km (111 mi) 677: 672: 662: 652: 642: 632: 625: 601: 594: 579: 564: 554: 550: 526: 506: 502: 481: 443: 375: 354: 342: 298: 288: 276: 266: 246: 234: 215:("The Song of Borinquen") 198: 190: 164: 154: 136: 126: 83: 59: 50: 43: 20185:Northern Mariana Islands 19668:Northern Mariana Islands 19315:North America portal 19275:Turks and Caicos Islands 18198:San Juan–Caguas–Guaynabo 18004:Buildings and structures 17186:United States government 17139:templates for discussion 16681:3-cent Puerto Rico Issue 16648:Zimmerman, Marc (2020). 16333:estadisticas.gobierno.pr 15721:www.orthodoxchurchpr.org 15252:"QuickFacts Puerto Rico" 14308:(Report). Archived from 13432:. Skift. 24 April 2019. 12968:10.1525/bio.2010.60.11.5 12517:"PUERTO RICO FACT SHEET" 12388:El Vocero de Puerto Rico 11821:Internal Revenue Service 9665:24 November 2011 at the 8859:5 September 2018 at the 8758:Lipski, John M. (2005). 8706:Caban, Pedro A. (2009). 8674:Puerto Ricans in America 7606:locally (in rural areas) 7410:Geography of Puerto Rico 7251: 7210:Juan Evangelista Venegas 7044:and Gómez among others. 6951:has participated in the 6613: 6444: 6382:, described in his work 6352:with the publication of 6346:Alejandro Tapia y Rivera 5785:Education in Puerto Rico 4864:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4828:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4810:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4792:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4774:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4738:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4720:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4681:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4100:twenty-foot containers ( 4079:train at Bayamón Station 3500:and ranks highly on the 3426: 3330:Congressional Gold Medal 3056:Jenniffer González-Colón 2879:Administrative divisions 2646:Popular Democratic Party 2490:House of Representatives 2460:unincorporated territory 2209:Puerto Rican dry forests 2113:portions of the island. 1700:Geography of Puerto Rico 1511:village, located at the 1249:nonvoting representative 1048:unincorporated territory 589:House of Representatives 20676:Former Spanish colonies 19208:St. Pierre and Miquelon 17512:Toro Negro State Forest 17095:Encyclopædia Britannica 16519:Randall Peffer (2002). 16421:"Puerto Rican Music TV" 15877:23 October 2020 at the 15061:"Portadilla de Revista" 14488:"Inicio - Acueductospr" 14393:Presupuesto.gobierno.pr 14258:The Journal of Commerce 13000:Ecological Applications 12956:Oxford University Press 12144:"Special Announcements" 11853:16 October 2015 at the 10135:Journal of Paleontology 9526:Carmelo Rosario Natal. 9188:. New York: MacMillan. 9084:Clásicos de Puerto Rico 9053:Allatson, Paul (2007). 7625: 7620: 7406:exclusive economic zone 7240:Stateside Puerto Ricans 7125:World Wrestling Council 6666:to recent hybrids like 6438:When I was Puerto Rican 6417:Down These Mean Streets 6328:Eugenio María de Hostos 6289:Eugenio María de Hostos 6280:Puerto Rican literature 6183: 6106:governor of Puerto Rico 6002:jíbaro culture monument 5877:-approved Law Schools. 5839:Metropolitan University 5650:which is also the only 5630:Saint John Climacus in 5617:Eastern Catholic Church 5424:and its local variant, 5338:stateside Puerto Ricans 5064:of Puerto Rico in 2020. 4553:Population distribution 4007:, and patrolled by the 3616:purchasing power parity 3579:Puerto Rico's geography 3502:Human Development Index 3375:U.S. federal government 3124:governor of Puerto Rico 3113:Puerto Rico State Guard 3079:Military of Puerto Rico 2471:Pedro Pierluisi Urrutia 2434:Politics of Puerto Rico 2424:Government and politics 2180:, including the use of 1716:Beach and coastline at 1425:Treaty of Paris of 1898 1387: 1381: 1350: 1308:Human Development Index 1306:; it ranks 40th on the 831:$ 117.515 billion ( 779:$ 132.052 billion ( 728:• 2020 census 693:65 km (40 mi) 241:Location of Puerto Rico 20686:Islands of Puerto Rico 19260:British Virgin Islands 18882:Puerto Rico portal 18674:Isla de Ratones, Ponce 16140:Bahá'ís of Puerto Rico 15526:Luis Fortuño Janeiro. 15353:31 August 2012 at the 13971:Military Installations 13828:"SERVICIO DE LA DEUDA" 13300:Schwab, Klaus (2013). 11362:5 October 2015 at the 10500:6 October 2011 at the 9811:10.14482/memor.22.5948 9467:Register of Porto Rico 9316:. NYU Press. pp. 9281:"Crafting an Identity" 7700:into the Spanish name 7674: 7640: 7601:[ˈpweɾtoˈriko] 7397:internal coastal water 7297:Foreign Affairs Manual 7235:Outline of Puerto Rico 7179:Caribbean World Series 7117:professional wrestling 7094: 7030:boxing world champions 6973:World Baseball Classic 6961:World Baseball Classic 6922: 6789: 6748: 6642: 6598: 6592:, Univision affiliate 6586: 6574: 6566: 6558: 6550: 6542: 6533: 6527: 6521: 6513: 6505: 6497: 6489: 6481: 6384: 6374: 6338:Bartolomé de las Casas 6332: 6322: 6305: 6301:Diego de Torres Vargas 6291: 6250:are masks worn during 6207: 6150: 6045: 6041:Street-lined homes in 5978:Puerto Rican spindalis 5933:Culture of Puerto Rico 5911: 5901: 5894: 5833:Universidad del Turabo 5791: 5623:in the territory; the 5600: 5575: 5449:West African languages 5433:Spanish of Puerto Rico 5422:American Sign Language 5065: 5062:Population age pyramid 4244:amateur radio prefixes 4208: 4172: 4145:electricity generation 4137:electric power company 4132: 4080: 4073: 4046:international airports 4044:Puerto Rico has three 4033: 4025: 3988: 3961:U.S. shipping industry 3907: 3884: 3839:, and by other funds. 3812: 3726:Tourism in Puerto Rico 3721:Tourism in Puerto Rico 3716: 3651:gross domestic product 3633: 3543:inspections lies with 3477: 3460:Economy of Puerto Rico 3343: 3302:65th Infantry Regiment 3213: 3092: 2888: 2791:Residents pay federal 2741: 2738:Capitol of Puerto Rico 2660:, while the PNP seeks 2648:(PPD in Spanish), the 2641: 2541:Committee of the Whole 2522:Maite Oronoz Rodríguez 2452:United States Congress 2361:Harrisia portoricensis 2324:Río Abajo State Forest 2299:Chilabothrus inornatus 2240: 2009: 2000:Climate of Puerto Rico 1969:its largest earthquake 1843: 1784: 1764:, both located on the 1721: 1704:Geology of Puerto Rico 1531: 1519: 1499:History of Puerto Rico 1440: 1412: 1402: 1393: 1375: 1369: 1363: 1344: 1342:often call the island 1300:developed jurisdiction 1261:presidential primaries 1259:, and participates in 1044:archipelago and island 698:Highest elevation 596:United States Congress 457: 167:Joannes est nomen ejus 70: 19840:Territorial evolution 19105:Caribbean Netherlands 19040:Saint Kitts and Nevis 17880:Operation "Bootstrap" 17831:Shadow representation 17826:Resident Commissioner 17784:Independence movement 17728:Unexpected snake eel 17341:Migration to New York 17336:Immigration to Hawaii 16839:Baseball Hall of Fame 16725:17 March 2014 at the 16686:17 March 2014 at the 15832:on 11 September 2023. 15458:Catholic Encyclopedia 15282:"Official Language", 14549:"Puerto Rico profile" 14029:"Home – El Nuevo Día" 13605:deals with creditors. 12710:Nature Communications 12557:Business Destinations 11683:. 24 September 2009. 11236:Yancey-Bragg, N'dea. 10917:10.1093/biosci/bix014 10634:. 23 September 2017. 10608:. 21 September 2017. 9644:12 April 2019 at the 9202:Theodore Roosevelt Jr 8848:16 March 2012 at the 7292:U.S. State Department 7272:for more information. 7115:Other sports include 7093:fans at a soccer game 7091:Puerto Rico Islanders 7089: 6969:Hiram Bithorn Stadium 6953:World Cup of Baseball 6934:Major League Baseball 6909: 6902:Sports in Puerto Rico 6842:). Beverages include 6784: 6742: 6735:Puerto Rico on stamps 6709:Nicholas II of Russia 6634: 6576:La Estrella del Norte 6358:Cayetano Coll y Toste 6287: 6197: 6141: 6040: 5888: 5801:Cathedral of San Juan 5656:Juanita García Peraza 5634:and the Saint George 5597:Cathedral of San Juan 5595: 5562: 5515:, were authorized by 5060: 4543:European colonization 4539:Amerindian settlement 4271:Historical population 4165:Senate of Puerto Rico 4083:Puerto Rico has nine 4070: 3984: 3905: 3878: 3810: 3711: 3624: 3599:its shipping industry 3510:gross national income 3471: 3398:California Penal Code 3194: 3172:A branch of the U.S. 3147:U.S. Northern Command 3139:U.S. Atlantic Command 3086: 2886: 2783:included in the U.S. 2735: 2650:New Progressive Party 2634: 2533:resident commissioner 2236: 2007: 1917:North American Plates 1900:) and are located at 1841: 1782: 1762:La Isleta de San Juan 1715: 1682:Puerto Rico held its 1646:Further information: 1575:Roman Catholic Church 1525: 1506: 1413:Ciudad de Puerto Rico 1257:Resident Commissioner 1102:, it is divided into 1082:, it consists of the 664:• Water (%) 605:Resident Commissioner 343:Common languages 137:"La Isla del Encanto" 19137:Federal Dependencies 18193:San Germán–Cabo Rojo 17794:Legislative Assembly 17712:Puerto Rican amazon 17248:on 26 December 2007. 16749:Reporter's Notebook. 16706:28 July 2020 at the 16059:on 27 September 2007 15717:"Orthodox Church PR" 15426:. 13 November 2014. 15097:19 July 2018 at the 14402:on 24 September 2015 13309:World Economic Forum 12599:Biological Invasions 12024:"Mari Carmen Aponte" 11157:Estuaries and Coasts 10988:Discover Puerto Rico 10551:. 9 September 2017. 10525:on 10 September 2017 9994:. topuertorico.org. 8993:"Advanced economies" 8948:– via fas.org. 8902:26 July 2011 at the 8652:on 12 September 2015 8069:United States Census 7488:136th most populated 7242:, living on mainland 7160:Harlem Globetrotters 7144:Capitanes de Arecibo 7100:is also a member of 7073:2004 Summer Olympics 6942:Washington Nationals 6777:Puerto Rican cuisine 6719:Ruggiero Leoncavallo 6620:Music of Puerto Rico 6451:Media in Puerto Rico 6336:in 1863, which used 5845:Universidad del Este 5792:Escuela de Gramática 5731:community. In 2023, 5395:Puerto Rican Spanish 5032:Princeton University 5024:Irene Barnes Taeuber 4094:Port of the Americas 3914:, also known as the 3906:Flying into San Juan 3649:equal to 68% of its 3645:which has accrued a 3563:or elsewhere in the 3498:World Economic Forum 3433:Crime in Puerto Rico 3040:Jennifer M. Stopiran 3000:executive department 2502:speaker of the House 2482:Legislative Assembly 2448:separation of powers 2417:Pyrodinium bahamense 2199:Flora of Puerto Rico 2195:Fauna of Puerto Rico 2126:Tropical Storm Karen 2122:Wanda Vázquez Garced 1684:statehood referendum 1567:Spanish–American War 1540:Christopher Columbus 1433:Félix Córdova Dávila 1406:, in honor of Saint 1290:, together with the 1273:a local constitution 1271:. Congress approved 1215:Spanish–American War 1159:Christopher Columbus 1149:. It was claimed by 907:United States dollar 714:• 2023 estimate 559:Legislative Assembly 290:Current constitution 20706:Spanish West Indies 20604: / 20277:uninhabited islands 20179:U.S. Virgin Islands 19746:Indian reservations 19678:U.S. Virgin Islands 19055:Trinidad and Tobago 18950:Antigua and Barbuda 17681:Elfin woods warbler 17205:on 29 February 2020 16372:. pp. 1B, 2B. 15895:Delma S. Arrigoitia 15202:. 9 February 2014. 15176:on 12 February 2020 14686:Bureau, US Census. 14588:. 28 September 2016 13621:. 20 February 2017. 13529:on 10 December 2022 13021:2021EcoAp..31E2412T 12990: • 12941: • 12911:2012FrEE...10..135L 12885: • 12833: • 12775: • 12735:10.1038/ncomms12485 12727:2016NatCo...712485E 12700: • 12668:2009JApEc..46...10H 12638: • 12616:2006BiInv...8..611M 12593: • 12284:on 23 November 2016 11785:on 3 September 2009 11446:Link to Puerto Rico 11338:on 22 December 2015 11280:on 29 December 2009 11217:on 15 February 2020 11169:2015EstCo..38...84S 10964:on 7 September 2006 10773:World Bank (2023). 10471:2001JApMe..40.1785R 10430:2003IJCli..23.1359D 10356:The Washington Post 10106:on 25 December 2004 9687:on 24 November 2011 9090:on 13 October 2007. 8829:8 July 2017 at the 8609:on 22 December 2015 8436:. 10 October 2023. 7737:National Geographic 7484:27th most populated 7478:Puerto Rico is the 7112:, was established. 6812:, starchy tropical 6465:television stations 6380:Antonio S. Pedreira 6158:architectural style 6133:Cartagena de Indias 6056:, that made up the 5829:which operates the 5745:Jehovah's Witnesses 5646:Orthodox church in 5517:Pope Julius II 5513:that of Puerto Rico 5410:U.S. District Court 5353:northeastern states 5330:U.S. Virgin Islands 4272: 4258:) and KP5/NP5/WP5 ( 4157:government monopoly 3795:Puerto Rico has an 3745:In early 2017, the 3482:high income economy 3379:U.S. federal courts 3274:American Revolution 3174:Army National Guard 3109:state defense force 3089:U.S. Virgin Islands 2830:In 1992, President 2381:bioluminescent bays 2280:Puerto Rican amazon 2275:U.S. Forest Service 2271:tropical rainforest 2161:ocean acidification 2018:tropical rainforest 1935:events, along with 1668:In 2016, President 1394:La Isla del Encanto 1304:high-income economy 1076:U.S. Virgin Islands 323: / 119:Seal of Puerto Rico 18990:Dominican Republic 18742:Cordillera Central 18684:Isleta de San Juan 18160:Metropolitan areas 17895:Telecommunications 17819:Statehood movement 17694:Mona ground iguana 17573:Puerto Rico Trench 17544:Isleta de San Juan 17331:Jones–Shafroth Act 17321:Intentona de Yauco 17114:on 9 February 2014 17013:The New York Times 16925:on 16 October 2015 16841:. Baseballhall.org 16815:. Baseballhall.org 16793:. Baseballhall.org 16596:. Newdeal.feri.org 16370:Melbourne, Florida 16007:on 7 November 2005 15975:The Jerusalem Post 15850:on 2 December 2010 15452:"Porto Rico" 15200:The New York Times 14805:on 5 November 2013 14799:Caribbean Business 14722:has generic name ( 14520:(2 October 2020). 14315:on 21 January 2021 14221:Caribbean Business 14181:Gutierrez, Elías. 14035:on 8 February 2014 14015:The New York Times 13908:The New York Times 13703:The New York Times 13351:on 1 February 2014 13254:on 4 December 2013 13221:on 6 November 2013 13188:on 4 November 2013 13152:on 4 November 2013 13119:on 6 November 2013 13087:and Bettina Aten, 12491:data.worldbank.org 12309:The New York Times 12184:guides.law.fsu.edu 12060:The New York Times 11868:"News & Media" 11571:Boumediene v. Bush 10958:"Island Directory" 10694:. 28 August 2019. 10664:. 28 August 2019. 9937:maps.ngdc.noaa.gov 9717:on 14 January 2012 9586:Ponce, Puerto Rico 9545:www.sciencemag.org 9251:The Avalon Project 9207:House & Garden 8863:(24 November 2010) 8810:José Trías Monge. 8041:on 1 November 2020 7975:Harvard Law Review 7727:The New York Times 7480:4th most populated 7467:Cordillera Central 7401:territorial waters 7284:The definition of 7175:Pan American Games 7095: 6923: 6919:Dominican Republic 6825:arroz con gandules 6790: 6786:Arroz con gandules 6749: 6643: 6433:Esmeralda Santiago 6393:Nuyorican Movement 6370:Manuel Zeno Gandía 6316:. Among these was 6296:oral story telling 6292: 6208: 6162:Ponce, Puerto Rico 6151: 6090:Fort San Cristóbal 6075:Juan Ponce de León 6046: 5895: 5601: 5586:CIA World Factbook 5546:Diocese of Antigua 5405:official languages 5383:U.S. Census Bureau 5361:circular migration 5278:Dominican Republic 5254:68.9% (2,201,460) 5231:75.8% (2,824,148) 5208:80.5% (3,064,862) 5066: 5050:; and 41,736 were 4270: 4228:Telecommunications 4161:advice and consent 4153:power distribution 4149:power transmission 4081: 4060:in Ponce, and the 4039:private mini buses 3989: 3908: 3885: 3813: 3717: 3634: 3478: 3415:. There is also a 3388:then in effect in 3354:Law of Puerto Rico 3306:The Borinqueneers, 3290:Bernardo de Gálvez 3214: 3182:Air National Guard 3120:commander-in-chief 3101:commander-in-chief 3093: 2953:Territorial Clause 2917:county equivalents 2889: 2875:to other nations. 2780:fundamental rights 2769:Jones–Shafroth Act 2750:territorial clause 2742: 2642: 2638:divided government 2537:Jenniffer González 2526:advice and consent 2475:legislative branch 2438:Puerto Rico has a 2383:in the Caribbean: 2373:Cyclura stejnegeri 2241: 2010: 1976:Puerto Rico Trench 1844: 1829:Sierra de Luquillo 1817:Cordillera Central 1785: 1722: 1598:U.S. Supreme Court 1542:'s arrival in the 1532: 1520: 1477:. You can help by 1348:, a derivation of 1330:and hospitality). 1302:with an advanced, 1245:federal income tax 1217:, Puerto Rico was 1167:Juan Ponce de León 1124:official languages 1068:Dominican Republic 1032:), officially the 961:+1 (787), +1 (939) 816:2023 estimate 764:2023 estimate 611:Jenniffer González 432:Hispanic or Latino 377:Ethnic groups 355:Official languages 279:Cession from Spain 20411: 20410: 20275:claims and other 20273:Guano Islands Act 20173:Panama Canal Zone 19845:Thirteen Colonies 19785: 19784: 19326: 19325: 19322: 19321: 19193:Clipperton Island 19147: 19146: 18889: 18888: 18810:Per capita income 18102: 18101: 18062: 18061: 17918: 17917: 17844: 17843: 17809:Political parties 17743: 17742: 17739: 17738: 17704:Opalescent grunt 17603: 17602: 17583:Grande de Arecibo 17432: 17431: 17098:. 24 August 2023. 16985:on 26 August 2016 16659:978-0-252-08558-1 16626:978-1-4619-5820-8 16532:978-1-74059-274-1 16240:. Buddhanet.net. 16090:on 2 October 2011 15903:978-0-942347-52-4 15400:. 29 March 2017. 15037:. 28 March 2014. 14944:. 28 April 1898. 14911:978-0-405-06241-4 14868:978-0-87917-036-3 14344:on 7 October 2009 14195:on 2 October 2013 12220:978-1-59884-305-7 12146:. Valerosos.com. 11970:Universidad ICESI 11946:on 24 August 2013 11706:Schaefer, Brett. 11567:Downes v. Bidwell 11141:978-0-520-23854-1 10576:"Hurricane Maria" 10465:(11): 1785–1800. 10393:on 9 October 2011 10141:on 5 January 2009 10080:on 18 August 2010 9860:978-0-12-800214-8 9747:on 19 August 2016 9438:978-0-16-092068-4 9399:978-1-892746-75-7 9331:978-0-8147-5680-5 9210:magazine in 1938. 9195:978-1-137-01284-5 9169:978-0-8173-8191-2 9064:978-1-4051-0250-6 9034:on 2 October 2013 8966:. 18 April 2017. 8911:taxes which only 8771:978-1-107-32037-6 8744:978-0-7914-1589-4 8717:978-0-7867-4817-4 8684:978-0-8225-3953-7 8542:978-90-272-5800-7 8396:. 26 April 2021. 8202:Earth Observatory 7649: 7152:Mixtape Tour Team 7010:McWilliams Arroyo 6662:and the popular 6632: 6170:Classical revival 6121:Hotel El Convento 6052:, in addition to 5660:Mita Congregation 5652:Oriental Orthodox 5521:John Paul II 5470:Roman Catholicism 5374:According to the 5349:World War II 5270: 5269: 5007: 5006: 4951:Two or more races 4876:Population makeup 4872: 4871: 4599:) of the island. 4525: 4524: 3694:the world economy 3528:), with a modern 3163:Puerto Rican Army 3018:, along with the 2869:associate justice 2832:George H. W. Bush 2676:emergence of the 2579:78 municipalities 2516:is headed by the 2367:Peltophryne lemur 2316:Setophaga angelae 2074:tropical cyclones 1986:, located in the 1882:sedimentary rocks 1796:but smaller than 1617:U.S. Constitution 1594:Department of War 1495: 1494: 1403:San Juan Bautista 1104:78 municipalities 1015: 1014: 969:USPS abbreviation 841:• Per capita 789:• Per capita 458:puertorriqueño -a 327:18.450°N 66.100°W 267:Before annexation 226: 20733: 20666:Greater Antilles 20656:Island countries 20628: 20627: 20625: 20624: 20623: 20621: 20616: 20615: 20610: 20605: 20602: 20601: 20600: 20597: 20585: 20577: 20576: 20575: 20568: 20560: 20559: 20558: 20551: 20543: 20542: 20541: 20534: 20526: 20525: 20524: 20517: 20509: 20508: 20507: 20500: 20492: 20491: 20490: 20480: 20464: 20463: 20452: 20451: 20450: 20440: 20439: 20438: 20428: 20427: 20426: 20419: 20401: 20400: 20391: 20390: 20356:Quita Sueño Bank 19936:Indian Territory 19812: 19805: 19798: 19789: 19788: 19688:Outlying islands 19642:Washington, D.C. 19636:Federal district 19353: 19346: 19339: 19330: 19329: 19313: 19312: 19311: 19167: 19166: 19155: 18940: 18939: 18935:Sovereign states 18916: 18909: 18902: 18893: 18892: 18880: 18879: 18878: 18129: 18122: 18115: 18106: 18105: 18082: 18075: 17929: 17928: 17870: 17855: 17854: 17814:Political status 17764: 17754: 17753: 17731: 17723: 17715: 17707: 17689: 17634: 17633: 17612: 17611: 17443: 17442: 17371:Military history 17301: 17300: 17277: 17270: 17263: 17254: 17253: 17249: 17226: 17214: 17212: 17210: 17204: 17197: 17173: 17172: 17163: 17162: 17123: 17121: 17119: 17099: 17085: 17082:Country profiles 17061: 17060: 17052: 17051: 17043: 17040: 17039: 17037:Official website 17022: 17021: 17009: 17001: 16995: 16994: 16992: 16990: 16967: 16961: 16960: 16958: 16956: 16941: 16935: 16934: 16932: 16930: 16914: 16908: 16907: 16905: 16903: 16883: 16877: 16876: 16874: 16872: 16867:. 15 August 2004 16857: 16851: 16850: 16848: 16846: 16831: 16825: 16824: 16822: 16820: 16809: 16803: 16802: 16800: 16798: 16787: 16781: 16773: 16767: 16759: 16753: 16745: 16739: 16736: 16730: 16717: 16711: 16697: 16691: 16678: 16672: 16671: 16645: 16639: 16638: 16612: 16606: 16605: 16603: 16601: 16590: 16584: 16583: 16565: 16559: 16558: 16557:on 2 March 2010. 16553:. Archived from 16543: 16537: 16536: 16516: 16510: 16509: 16507: 16505: 16489: 16483: 16482: 16480: 16478: 16466: 16460: 16459: 16457: 16455: 16443: 16437: 16436: 16434: 16432: 16417: 16411: 16404: 16398: 16392: 16386: 16385: 16383: 16381: 16355: 16349: 16348: 16346: 16344: 16335:. Archived from 16325: 16319: 16318: 16316: 16314: 16303: 16297: 16286: 16280: 16279: 16277: 16275: 16260: 16254: 16253: 16251: 16249: 16234: 16228: 16222: 16216: 16215: 16213: 16211: 16192: 16186: 16185: 16183: 16181: 16162: 16156: 16155: 16153: 16151: 16142:. Archived from 16132: 16126: 16125: 16123: 16121: 16106: 16100: 16099: 16097: 16095: 16080: 16074: 16072: 16068: 16066: 16064: 16055:. Archived from 16049: 16043: 16042: 16040: 16038: 16023: 16017: 16016: 16014: 16012: 15997: 15991: 15990: 15988: 15986: 15966: 15960: 15959: 15957: 15955: 15940: 15931: 15930: 15928: 15926: 15911: 15905: 15888: 15882: 15866: 15860: 15859: 15857: 15855: 15840: 15834: 15833: 15828:. Archived from 15822: 15816: 15815: 15813: 15811: 15800: 15794: 15793: 15791: 15789: 15774: 15768: 15767: 15765: 15763: 15754:. Archived from 15743: 15737: 15736: 15734: 15732: 15713: 15707: 15706: 15704: 15702: 15683: 15677: 15676: 15670: 15668: 15648: 15642: 15641: 15636: 15634: 15615: 15609: 15608: 15606: 15604: 15585: 15579: 15578: 15576: 15574: 15563: 15557: 15556: 15554: 15552: 15537: 15531: 15524: 15518: 15517: 15515: 15513: 15508:on 17 March 2010 15502:"Sobre Nosotros" 15498: 15492: 15491: 15489: 15487: 15469: 15463: 15462: 15454: 15446: 15440: 15439: 15437: 15435: 15420: 15414: 15413: 15411: 15409: 15394: 15388: 15387: 15385: 15383: 15364: 15358: 15343: 15337: 15336: 15334: 15332: 15317: 15311: 15303: 15297: 15293: 15287: 15280: 15274: 15273: 15271: 15269: 15248: 15242: 15241: 15239: 15237: 15222: 15216: 15215: 15213: 15211: 15192: 15186: 15185: 15183: 15181: 15172:. Archived from 15165: 15159: 15158: 15156: 15154: 15135: 15129: 15128: 15126: 15124: 15108: 15102: 15089: 15083: 15082: 15080: 15078: 15072: 15066:. Archived from 15065: 15057: 15051: 15050: 15048: 15046: 15027: 15021: 15020: 15018: 15016: 14997: 14991: 14990: 14988: 14986: 14967: 14958: 14957: 14955: 14953: 14934: 14928: 14927: 14925: 14923: 14891: 14885: 14884: 14882: 14880: 14852: 14846: 14845: 14843: 14841: 14821: 14815: 14814: 14812: 14810: 14791: 14785: 14784: 14782: 14780: 14760: 14754: 14753: 14751: 14749: 14734: 14728: 14727: 14721: 14717: 14715: 14707: 14705: 14703: 14683: 14677: 14676: 14674: 14672: 14657: 14651: 14650: 14648: 14646: 14629: 14623: 14622: 14620: 14618: 14612:www.lexjuris.com 14604: 14598: 14597: 14595: 14593: 14578: 14572: 14562: 14556: 14546: 14540: 14539: 14537: 14535: 14526: 14514: 14508: 14507: 14505: 14503: 14494:. Archived from 14492:acueductospr.com 14484: 14478: 14477: 14475: 14473: 14451: 14445: 14444: 14442: 14440: 14418: 14412: 14411: 14409: 14407: 14401: 14395:. Archived from 14390: 14382: 14376: 14375: 14373: 14371: 14360: 14354: 14353: 14351: 14349: 14334: 14325: 14324: 14322: 14320: 14314: 14307: 14298: 14292: 14291: 14285: 14277: 14271: 14270: 14268: 14266: 14249: 14238: 14237: 14235: 14233: 14224:. Archived from 14211: 14205: 14204: 14202: 14200: 14194: 14188:. Archived from 14187: 14178: 14169: 14168: 14166: 14164: 14149: 14143: 14142: 14140: 14138: 14123: 14117: 14116: 14114: 14112: 14107:on 13 April 2014 14096: 14090: 14089: 14087: 14085: 14080:. Online.wsj.com 14073: 14067: 14066: 14064: 14062: 14051: 14045: 14044: 14042: 14040: 14025: 14019: 14018: 14006: 14000: 13999: 13997: 13995: 13990:on 13 March 2014 13980: 13974: 13964: 13958: 13957: 13955: 13953: 13934: 13925: 13924: 13922: 13920: 13904: 13896: 13890: 13889: 13887: 13885: 13879: 13873:. Archived from 13868: 13860: 13854: 13853: 13851: 13849: 13843: 13837:. Archived from 13832: 13824: 13818: 13817: 13815: 13813: 13794: 13788: 13787: 13785: 13783: 13778:on 22 April 2014 13777: 13766: 13758: 13752: 13751: 13749: 13747: 13726: 13720: 13719: 13717: 13715: 13693: 13687: 13686: 13684: 13682: 13673:. Archived from 13660: 13654: 13653: 13651: 13649: 13644:on 6 August 2017 13640:. Archived from 13629: 13623: 13622: 13614: 13608: 13607: 13601: 13599: 13588:The Fiscal Times 13579: 13573: 13572: 13570: 13568: 13548: 13539: 13538: 13536: 13534: 13528: 13512: 13506: 13505: 13503: 13501: 13486: 13477: 13476: 13474: 13472: 13461:The Fiscal Times 13452: 13446: 13445: 13443: 13441: 13426: 13420: 13419: 13414: 13412: 13397: 13391: 13390: 13384: 13382: 13367: 13361: 13360: 13358: 13356: 13334: 13328: 13327: 13325: 13323: 13317: 13306: 13297: 13291: 13290: 13288: 13286: 13270: 13264: 13263: 13261: 13259: 13237: 13231: 13230: 13228: 13226: 13204: 13198: 13197: 13195: 13193: 13171: 13162: 13161: 13159: 13157: 13135: 13129: 13128: 13126: 13124: 13102: 13096: 13078: 13072: 13068: 13066: 13064: 13029:10.1002/eap.2412 13009:Wiley Publishing 12987: 12938: 12899:Wiley Publishing 12882: 12830: 12804: 12772: 12754: 12719:Nature Portfolio 12697: 12679: 12656:Wiley Publishing 12635: 12588: 12573: 12572: 12570: 12568: 12549: 12543: 12542: 12540: 12538: 12532: 12526:. Archived from 12521: 12513: 12507: 12506: 12504: 12502: 12483: 12477: 12476: 12474: 12472: 12457: 12451: 12450: 12448: 12446: 12432: 12426: 12425: 12423: 12421: 12406: 12400: 12399: 12397: 12395: 12379: 12373: 12372: 12370: 12368: 12353: 12347: 12346: 12344: 12342: 12326: 12320: 12319: 12317: 12315: 12300: 12294: 12293: 12291: 12289: 12280:. Archived from 12270: 12264: 12263: 12249: 12243: 12242: 12231: 12225: 12224: 12206: 12200: 12199: 12197: 12195: 12175: 12169: 12166: 12160: 12159: 12157: 12155: 12139: 12133: 12132: 12130: 12128: 12108: 12102: 12095: 12086: 12082: 12076: 12075: 12073: 12071: 12062:. 3 April 2005. 12057: 12050: 12044: 12043: 12041: 12039: 12020: 12014: 12013: 12000: 11992: 11986: 11985: 11983: 11981: 11972:. 23 July 2013. 11962: 11956: 11955: 11953: 11951: 11930: 11924: 11923: 11921: 11919: 11913: 11902: 11893: 11884: 11883: 11881: 11879: 11864: 11858: 11843: 11837: 11836: 11834: 11832: 11818: 11810: 11804: 11801: 11795: 11794: 11792: 11790: 11784: 11778:. Archived from 11777: 11765: 11756: 11755: 11753: 11751: 11745: 11739:. Archived from 11738: 11730: 11724: 11723: 11721: 11719: 11710:. Heritage.org. 11703: 11697: 11696: 11694: 11692: 11673: 11664: 11663: 11661: 11659: 11644: 11638: 11637: 11635: 11633: 11618: 11612: 11611: 11609: 11607: 11592: 11586: 11580: 11574: 11564: 11558: 11555: 11549: 11548: 11546: 11544: 11538: 11531: 11522: 11516: 11515: 11513: 11511: 11496: 11490: 11489: 11487: 11485: 11480:on 21 April 2004 11476:. Archived from 11470: 11464: 11463: 11461: 11459: 11454:on 11 April 2004 11450:. Archived from 11440: 11431: 11430: 11428: 11426: 11420: 11413: 11405: 11399: 11398: 11396: 11394: 11388: 11381: 11373: 11367: 11354: 11348: 11347: 11345: 11343: 11337: 11331:. Archived from 11325: 11316: 11315: 11313: 11311: 11296: 11290: 11289: 11287: 11285: 11279: 11273:. Archived from 11272: 11264: 11258: 11257: 11255: 11253: 11233: 11227: 11226: 11224: 11222: 11213:. Archived from 11203: 11197: 11196: 11151: 11145: 11144: 11127: 11121: 11120: 11118: 11116: 11110: 11103: 11089: 11083: 11080: 11074: 11073: 11071: 11069: 11046: 11040: 11039: 11037: 11035: 11029: 11018: 11010: 11004: 11003: 11001: 10999: 10980: 10974: 10973: 10971: 10969: 10954: 10948: 10947: 10937: 10919: 10895: 10889: 10888: 10886: 10884: 10879: 10870: 10864: 10863: 10851: 10845: 10844: 10832: 10826: 10825: 10785: 10779: 10778: 10770: 10764: 10763: 10761: 10759: 10745: 10739: 10738: 10736: 10734: 10714: 10708: 10707: 10705: 10703: 10684: 10678: 10677: 10675: 10673: 10654: 10648: 10647: 10645: 10643: 10628: 10622: 10621: 10619: 10617: 10598: 10592: 10591: 10589: 10587: 10571: 10565: 10564: 10562: 10560: 10541: 10535: 10534: 10532: 10530: 10521:. Archived from 10511: 10505: 10491: 10485: 10484: 10482: 10450: 10444: 10443: 10441: 10409: 10403: 10402: 10400: 10398: 10389:. Archived from 10379: 10373: 10372: 10370: 10368: 10346: 10340: 10339: 10337: 10335: 10329: 10318: 10309: 10303: 10302: 10300: 10298: 10283: 10277: 10276: 10274: 10272: 10256: 10247: 10236: 10230: 10218: 10212: 10201: 10195: 10183: 10177: 10176: 10174: 10172: 10157: 10151: 10150: 10148: 10146: 10137:. Archived from 10126: 10120: 10119: 10115: 10113: 10111: 10102:. Archived from 10096: 10090: 10089: 10087: 10085: 10070: 10064: 10063: 10061: 10059: 10044: 10038: 10037: 10035: 10033: 10014: 10008: 10007: 10005: 10003: 9988: 9982: 9981: 9979: 9977: 9962: 9953: 9952: 9950: 9948: 9929: 9923: 9922: 9910: 9904: 9903: 9891: 9885: 9884: 9882: 9880: 9830: 9824: 9823: 9813: 9789: 9783: 9782: 9780: 9778: 9763: 9757: 9756: 9754: 9752: 9741:Policy.house.gov 9733: 9727: 9726: 9724: 9722: 9703: 9697: 9696: 9694: 9692: 9676: 9670: 9655: 9649: 9634: 9628: 9627: 9625: 9623: 9608: 9602: 9601: 9573: 9567: 9566: 9555: 9549: 9548: 9537: 9531: 9524: 9518: 9517: 9507: 9501: 9500: 9498: 9496: 9478: 9472: 9471: 9461: 9455: 9454: 9452: 9450: 9422: 9416: 9415: 9413: 9411: 9379: 9373: 9354: 9348: 9347: 9345: 9343: 9307: 9301: 9300: 9298: 9296: 9277: 9271: 9270: 9268: 9266: 9243: 9237: 9236: 9234: 9232: 9217: 9211: 9199: 9177: 9171: 9157: 9151: 9140: 9134: 9123: 9117: 9116: 9114: 9112: 9098: 9092: 9091: 9075: 9069: 9068: 9050: 9044: 9043: 9041: 9039: 9030:. Archived from 9020: 9009: 9008: 9006: 9004: 8989: 8980: 8979: 8977: 8975: 8956: 8950: 8949: 8947: 8945: 8939: 8932: 8924: 8918: 8892: 8886: 8870: 8864: 8840: 8834: 8821: 8815: 8808: 8802: 8801: 8799: 8797: 8782: 8776: 8775: 8755: 8749: 8748: 8728: 8722: 8721: 8703: 8697: 8696: 8668: 8662: 8661: 8659: 8657: 8648:. Archived from 8642: 8636: 8625: 8619: 8618: 8616: 8614: 8608: 8592: 8586: 8585: 8583: 8581: 8566: 8547: 8546: 8526: 8520: 8519: 8517: 8515: 8509: 8503:. Archived from 8488: 8482: 8481: 8479: 8477: 8471: 8464: 8456: 8450: 8449: 8447: 8445: 8426: 8413: 8412: 8410: 8408: 8402: 8391: 8383: 8372: 8371: 8369: 8367: 8348: 8342: 8341: 8339: 8337: 8322: 8316: 8315: 8313: 8311: 8297: 8291: 8290: 8288: 8286: 8272: 8266: 8265: 8263: 8261: 8252: 8244: 8238: 8237: 8235: 8233: 8227:US Census Bureau 8219: 8213: 8212: 8210: 8208: 8194: 8188: 8187: 8185: 8183: 8177:US Census Bureau 8169: 8163: 8162: 8160: 8158: 8144: 8138: 8137: 8135: 8133: 8118: 8112: 8111: 8109: 8107: 8096:"puertorriqueño" 8092: 8086: 8085: 8083: 8081: 8060: 8051: 8050: 8048: 8046: 8027: 8021: 8020: 8018: 8016: 7997: 7988: 7987: 7985: 7983: 7966: 7949: 7946: 7940: 7937: 7931: 7928: 7922: 7918: 7912: 7909: 7903: 7900: 7894: 7890: 7884: 7880: 7874: 7870: 7864: 7861: 7855: 7852: 7846: 7843: 7837: 7833: 7827: 7823: 7817: 7813: 7807: 7804: 7798: 7797: 7791: 7788: 7782: 7779: 7773: 7770: 7764: 7747: 7741: 7686: 7680: 7678: 7670: 7664: 7657: 7651: 7647: 7644: 7637: 7631: 7628: 7612: 7607: 7603: 7598: 7589: 7585: 7581: 7576: 7575: 7572: 7571: 7568: 7563: 7562: 7559: 7556: 7553: 7550: 7547: 7542: 7541: 7538: 7535: 7532: 7529: 7525: 7524: 7521: 7518: 7515: 7512: 7505: 7497: 7491: 7476: 7470: 7460: 7454: 7419: 7413: 7389: 7383: 7336: 7330: 7307: 7301: 7282: 7273: 7262: 7133:World's Best 10K 6980:Roberto Clemente 6966: 6957:Caribbean Series 6765:Puerto Rico Flag 6757:Luis Muñoz Marín 6695:With respect to 6680:In the realm of 6633: 6601: 6591: 6579: 6571: 6563: 6555: 6552:La Perla del Sur 6547: 6536: 6530: 6524: 6518: 6510: 6502: 6494: 6486: 6421:Giannina Braschi 6387: 6377: 6335: 6325: 6318:Manuel A. Alonso 6308: 6190:Puerto Rican art 6145:, a landmark of 6143:Parque de Bombas 6096:, also known as 5921:health insurance 5914: 5904: 5872: 5871: 5864: 5863: 5848: 5847: 5836: 5835: 5828: 5827: 5794: 5757:Tibetan Buddhism 5625:Russian Orthodox 5612:Eastern Orthodox 5579:Associated Press 5493: 5488: Other (3%) 5487: 5477: 5467: 5376:2020 U.S. census 5237:12.4% (461,998) 5234:11.1% (413,563) 5211:11.0% (418,426) 5171: 5170: 5090:Balearic Islands 5039:natural increase 4888: 4887: 4702: 4692: 4665: 4655: 4615: 4603: 4602: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4273: 4269: 4189:Water and sewage 4175: 4143:responsible for 4099: 4078: 4036: 4030: 3797:operating budget 3762:Ricardo Rosselló 3583:political status 3534:Port of San Juan 3532:overlooking the 3261:U.S. Coast Guard 3167:U.S. Coast Guard 3012:honorary consuls 3002:, headed by the 2969:Washington, D.C. 2873:U.S. ambassadors 2809: 2785:compulsory draft 2707:Political status 2569:Puerto Rico has 2564:Washington, D.C. 2506:Tatito Hernández 2498:José Luis Dalmau 2477:consists of the 2182:renewable energy 2118:Hurricane Dorian 1950: 1941:geologic hazards 1895: 1876:and more recent 1852:water flow rates 1802:Greater Antilles 1774:Puerta de Tierra 1672:signed into law 1663:free association 1563:Greater Antilles 1561:smallest of the 1536:Ortoiroid people 1517:Hurricane Eloise 1490: 1487: 1469: 1462: 1448:Associated State 1445: 1415: 1408:John the Baptist 1405: 1396: 1390: 1384: 1378: 1372: 1366: 1353: 1347: 1279:. Puerto Rico's 1128:executive branch 1110:municipality of 1072:Greater Antilles 1046:organized as an 1023: 1022: 971: 894: 893: 885: 874: 873: 865: 849: 848: 830: 829: 813: 797: 796: 778: 777: 761: 338: 337: 335: 334: 333: 328: 324: 321: 320: 319: 316: 301:and largest city 284:10 December 1898 281: 259: 257: 256: 239: 228: 227: 213: 205: 204: 179: 171: 170: 147: 139: 138: 117: 102: 91: 79: 73: 66: 62: 41: 40: 20741: 20740: 20736: 20735: 20734: 20732: 20731: 20730: 20631: 20630: 20619: 20617: 20613: 20611: 20607: 20606: 20603: 20598: 20595: 20593: 20591: 20590: 20588: 20578: 20573: 20571: 20567:from Wikivoyage 20561: 20556: 20554: 20550:from Wikisource 20544: 20539: 20537: 20527: 20522: 20520: 20510: 20505: 20503: 20493: 20488: 20486: 20483: 20479:sister projects 20476:at Knowledge's 20470: 20458: 20448: 20446: 20436: 20434: 20424: 20422: 20414: 20412: 20407: 20379: 20290:Phoenix Islands 20281: 20264: 20241:Volcano Islands 20207: 20190: 20104: 20091: 19854: 19821: 19816: 19786: 19781: 19758: 19740: 19682: 19644: 19630: 19369: 19360: 19357: 19327: 19318: 19309: 19307: 19300: 19279: 19238: 19212: 19181: 19156: 19143: 19064: 18929: 18920: 18890: 18885: 18876: 18874: 18867: 18839:Historic places 18781: 18772:Portugués River 18737:Cerro Maravilla 18713: 18624:Caja de Muertos 18610: 18207: 18154: 18142: 18133: 18103: 18098: 18085: 18078: 18071: 18058: 18049:Public holidays 17980: 17914: 17868: 17840: 17762: 17735: 17729: 17721: 17713: 17705: 17687: 17667: 17623: 17599: 17588:Grande de Loiza 17524:Caja de Muertos 17428: 17380: 17376:Women's history 17290: 17281: 17236: 17233: 17217: 17208: 17206: 17202: 17195: 17191: 17188: 17170: 17160: 17156: 17142: 17117: 17115: 17102: 17088: 17076: 17056: 17055: 17047: 17046: 17041: 17035: 17034: 17031: 17026: 17025: 17002: 16998: 16988: 16986: 16969: 16968: 16964: 16954: 16952: 16942: 16938: 16928: 16926: 16915: 16911: 16901: 16899: 16884: 16880: 16870: 16868: 16859: 16858: 16854: 16844: 16842: 16833: 16832: 16828: 16818: 16816: 16811: 16810: 16806: 16796: 16794: 16789: 16788: 16784: 16774: 16770: 16760: 16756: 16746: 16742: 16737: 16733: 16727:Wayback Machine 16718: 16714: 16708:Wayback Machine 16699:Rod, Steven J. 16698: 16694: 16688:Wayback Machine 16679: 16675: 16660: 16646: 16642: 16627: 16613: 16609: 16599: 16597: 16592: 16591: 16587: 16578:Brooklyn Museum 16566: 16562: 16545: 16544: 16540: 16533: 16517: 16513: 16503: 16501: 16490: 16486: 16476: 16474: 16467: 16463: 16453: 16451: 16444: 16440: 16430: 16428: 16427:on 22 July 2010 16419: 16418: 16414: 16405: 16401: 16393: 16389: 16379: 16377: 16356: 16352: 16342: 16340: 16339:on 4 March 2016 16327: 16326: 16322: 16312: 16310: 16305: 16304: 16300: 16287: 16283: 16273: 16271: 16262: 16261: 16257: 16247: 16245: 16236: 16235: 16231: 16223: 16219: 16209: 16207: 16194: 16193: 16189: 16179: 16177: 16164: 16163: 16159: 16149: 16147: 16134: 16133: 16129: 16119: 16117: 16108: 16107: 16103: 16093: 16091: 16082: 16081: 16077: 16070: 16062: 16060: 16051: 16050: 16046: 16036: 16034: 16025: 16024: 16020: 16010: 16008: 15999: 15998: 15994: 15984: 15982: 15967: 15963: 15953: 15951: 15942: 15941: 15934: 15924: 15922: 15913: 15912: 15908: 15889: 15885: 15879:Wayback Machine 15867: 15863: 15853: 15851: 15842: 15841: 15837: 15824: 15823: 15819: 15809: 15807: 15804:"¡Bienvenidos!" 15802: 15801: 15797: 15787: 15785: 15784:on 4 March 2011 15776: 15775: 15771: 15761: 15759: 15758:on 6 April 2023 15744: 15740: 15730: 15728: 15715: 15714: 15710: 15700: 15698: 15685: 15684: 15680: 15666: 15664: 15649: 15645: 15632: 15630: 15617: 15616: 15612: 15602: 15600: 15587: 15586: 15582: 15572: 15570: 15565: 15564: 15560: 15550: 15548: 15539: 15538: 15534: 15525: 15521: 15511: 15509: 15500: 15499: 15495: 15485: 15483: 15470: 15466: 15447: 15443: 15433: 15431: 15422: 15421: 15417: 15407: 15405: 15396: 15395: 15391: 15381: 15379: 15366: 15365: 15361: 15355:Wayback Machine 15344: 15340: 15330: 15328: 15319: 15318: 15314: 15304: 15300: 15294: 15290: 15281: 15277: 15267: 15265: 15250: 15249: 15245: 15235: 15233: 15223: 15219: 15209: 15207: 15194: 15193: 15189: 15179: 15177: 15166: 15162: 15152: 15150: 15137: 15136: 15132: 15122: 15120: 15109: 15105: 15099:Wayback Machine 15090: 15086: 15076: 15074: 15070: 15063: 15059: 15058: 15054: 15044: 15042: 15029: 15028: 15024: 15014: 15012: 14999: 14998: 14994: 14984: 14982: 14969: 14968: 14961: 14951: 14949: 14936: 14935: 14931: 14921: 14919: 14912: 14892: 14888: 14878: 14876: 14869: 14853: 14849: 14839: 14837: 14822: 14818: 14808: 14806: 14793: 14792: 14788: 14778: 14776: 14761: 14757: 14747: 14745: 14736: 14735: 14731: 14719: 14718: 14709: 14708: 14701: 14699: 14684: 14680: 14670: 14668: 14659: 14658: 14654: 14644: 14642: 14630: 14626: 14616: 14614: 14606: 14605: 14601: 14591: 14589: 14580: 14579: 14575: 14563: 14559: 14547: 14543: 14533: 14531: 14524: 14515: 14511: 14501: 14499: 14486: 14485: 14481: 14471: 14469: 14452: 14448: 14438: 14436: 14419: 14415: 14405: 14403: 14399: 14388: 14384: 14383: 14379: 14369: 14367: 14362: 14361: 14357: 14347: 14345: 14336: 14335: 14328: 14318: 14316: 14312: 14305: 14299: 14295: 14283: 14279: 14278: 14274: 14264: 14262: 14261:. 20 March 2013 14251: 14250: 14241: 14231: 14229: 14228:on 8 March 2014 14212: 14208: 14198: 14196: 14192: 14185: 14179: 14172: 14162: 14160: 14151: 14150: 14146: 14136: 14134: 14125: 14124: 14120: 14110: 14108: 14097: 14093: 14083: 14081: 14074: 14070: 14060: 14058: 14053: 14052: 14048: 14038: 14036: 14027: 14026: 14022: 14007: 14003: 13993: 13991: 13982: 13981: 13977: 13965: 13961: 13951: 13949: 13936: 13935: 13928: 13918: 13916: 13897: 13893: 13883: 13881: 13877: 13866: 13862: 13861: 13857: 13847: 13845: 13841: 13830: 13826: 13825: 13821: 13811: 13809: 13796: 13795: 13791: 13781: 13779: 13775: 13764: 13760: 13759: 13755: 13745: 13743: 13742:on 2 March 2014 13728: 13727: 13723: 13713: 13711: 13694: 13690: 13680: 13678: 13677:on 9 April 2014 13661: 13657: 13647: 13645: 13630: 13626: 13616: 13615: 13611: 13597: 13595: 13580: 13576: 13566: 13564: 13549: 13542: 13532: 13530: 13521:Financial Times 13513: 13509: 13499: 13497: 13488: 13487: 13480: 13470: 13468: 13453: 13449: 13439: 13437: 13428: 13427: 13423: 13410: 13408: 13399: 13398: 13394: 13380: 13378: 13369: 13368: 13364: 13354: 13352: 13335: 13331: 13321: 13319: 13315: 13304: 13298: 13294: 13284: 13282: 13271: 13267: 13257: 13255: 13238: 13234: 13224: 13222: 13205: 13201: 13191: 13189: 13172: 13165: 13155: 13153: 13136: 13132: 13122: 13120: 13103: 13099: 13079: 13075: 13071: 13062: 13060: 12589: 12576: 12566: 12564: 12551: 12550: 12546: 12536: 12534: 12530: 12519: 12515: 12514: 12510: 12500: 12498: 12485: 12484: 12480: 12470: 12468: 12465:UNO Radio Group 12459: 12458: 12454: 12444: 12442: 12434: 12433: 12429: 12419: 12417: 12408: 12407: 12403: 12393: 12391: 12380: 12376: 12366: 12364: 12355: 12354: 12350: 12340: 12338: 12327: 12323: 12313: 12311: 12301: 12297: 12287: 12285: 12272: 12271: 12267: 12250: 12246: 12233: 12232: 12228: 12221: 12207: 12203: 12193: 12191: 12178:Hunter, Britt. 12176: 12172: 12167: 12163: 12153: 12151: 12140: 12136: 12126: 12124: 12109: 12105: 12099:South End Press 12096: 12089: 12083: 12079: 12069: 12067: 12052: 12051: 12047: 12037: 12035: 12022: 12021: 12017: 11993: 11989: 11979: 11977: 11964: 11963: 11959: 11949: 11947: 11932: 11931: 11927: 11917: 11915: 11911: 11900: 11894: 11887: 11877: 11875: 11866: 11865: 11861: 11855:Wayback Machine 11844: 11840: 11830: 11828: 11816: 11812: 11811: 11807: 11802: 11798: 11788: 11786: 11782: 11775: 11767: 11766: 11759: 11749: 11747: 11743: 11736: 11732: 11731: 11727: 11717: 11715: 11704: 11700: 11690: 11688: 11675: 11674: 11667: 11657: 11655: 11646: 11645: 11641: 11631: 11629: 11628:on 1 April 2010 11620: 11619: 11615: 11605: 11603: 11594: 11593: 11589: 11581: 11577: 11565: 11561: 11556: 11552: 11542: 11540: 11536: 11529: 11523: 11519: 11509: 11507: 11498: 11497: 11493: 11483: 11481: 11472: 11471: 11467: 11457: 11455: 11442: 11441: 11434: 11424: 11422: 11418: 11411: 11407: 11406: 11402: 11392: 11390: 11386: 11379: 11375: 11374: 11370: 11364:Wayback Machine 11355: 11351: 11341: 11339: 11335: 11327: 11326: 11319: 11309: 11307: 11298: 11297: 11293: 11283: 11281: 11277: 11270: 11266: 11265: 11261: 11251: 11249: 11234: 11230: 11220: 11218: 11205: 11204: 11200: 11152: 11148: 11142: 11128: 11124: 11114: 11112: 11108: 11101: 11090: 11086: 11081: 11077: 11067: 11065: 11048: 11047: 11043: 11033: 11031: 11027: 11016: 11012: 11011: 11007: 10997: 10995: 10982: 10981: 10977: 10967: 10965: 10956: 10955: 10951: 10896: 10892: 10882: 10880: 10877: 10871: 10867: 10857: 10852: 10848: 10838: 10833: 10829: 10786: 10782: 10771: 10767: 10757: 10755: 10747: 10746: 10742: 10732: 10730: 10715: 10711: 10701: 10699: 10686: 10685: 10681: 10671: 10669: 10656: 10655: 10651: 10641: 10639: 10630: 10629: 10625: 10615: 10613: 10600: 10599: 10595: 10585: 10583: 10572: 10568: 10558: 10556: 10543: 10542: 10538: 10528: 10526: 10513: 10512: 10508: 10502:Wayback Machine 10492: 10488: 10451: 10447: 10439:10.1002/joc.937 10424:(11): 1359–81. 10410: 10406: 10396: 10394: 10381: 10380: 10376: 10366: 10364: 10347: 10343: 10333: 10331: 10327: 10316: 10310: 10306: 10296: 10294: 10285: 10284: 10280: 10270: 10268: 10259:Uri ten Brink. 10257: 10250: 10237: 10233: 10219: 10215: 10202: 10198: 10184: 10180: 10170: 10168: 10167:on 14 July 2007 10159: 10158: 10154: 10144: 10142: 10127: 10123: 10117: 10109: 10107: 10098: 10097: 10093: 10083: 10081: 10072: 10071: 10067: 10057: 10055: 10046: 10045: 10041: 10031: 10029: 10016: 10015: 10011: 10001: 9999: 9990: 9989: 9985: 9975: 9973: 9964: 9963: 9956: 9946: 9944: 9931: 9930: 9926: 9911: 9907: 9892: 9888: 9878: 9876: 9861: 9831: 9827: 9790: 9786: 9776: 9774: 9765: 9764: 9760: 9750: 9748: 9735: 9734: 9730: 9720: 9718: 9711:Washington Post 9705: 9704: 9700: 9690: 9688: 9677: 9673: 9667:Wayback Machine 9656: 9652: 9646:Wayback Machine 9635: 9631: 9621: 9619: 9610: 9609: 9605: 9574: 9570: 9557: 9556: 9552: 9539: 9538: 9534: 9525: 9521: 9508: 9504: 9494: 9492: 9479: 9475: 9462: 9458: 9448: 9446: 9439: 9423: 9419: 9409: 9407: 9400: 9380: 9376: 9355: 9351: 9341: 9339: 9332: 9308: 9304: 9294: 9292: 9279: 9278: 9274: 9264: 9262: 9255:Yale Law School 9245: 9244: 9240: 9230: 9228: 9219: 9218: 9214: 9196: 9178: 9174: 9158: 9154: 9141: 9137: 9124: 9120: 9110: 9108: 9099: 9095: 9076: 9072: 9065: 9051: 9047: 9037: 9035: 9022: 9021: 9012: 9002: 9000: 8991: 8990: 8983: 8973: 8971: 8958: 8957: 8953: 8943: 8941: 8937: 8930: 8926: 8925: 8921: 8904:Wayback Machine 8893: 8889: 8883:Wayback Machine 8871: 8867: 8861:Wayback Machine 8850:Wayback Machine 8841: 8837: 8831:Wayback Machine 8822: 8818: 8809: 8805: 8795: 8793: 8784: 8783: 8779: 8772: 8756: 8752: 8745: 8729: 8725: 8718: 8704: 8700: 8685: 8669: 8665: 8655: 8653: 8644: 8643: 8639: 8626: 8622: 8612: 8610: 8606: 8594: 8593: 8589: 8579: 8577: 8568: 8567: 8550: 8543: 8527: 8523: 8513: 8511: 8507: 8489: 8485: 8475: 8473: 8469: 8462: 8458: 8457: 8453: 8443: 8441: 8428: 8427: 8416: 8406: 8404: 8400: 8389: 8385: 8384: 8375: 8365: 8363: 8358:. 1 July 2023. 8350: 8349: 8345: 8335: 8333: 8324: 8323: 8319: 8309: 8307: 8299: 8298: 8294: 8284: 8282: 8274: 8273: 8269: 8259: 8257: 8250: 8246: 8245: 8241: 8231: 8229: 8221: 8220: 8216: 8206: 8204: 8196: 8195: 8191: 8181: 8179: 8171: 8170: 8166: 8156: 8154: 8146: 8145: 8141: 8131: 8129: 8120: 8119: 8115: 8105: 8103: 8094: 8093: 8089: 8079: 8077: 8062: 8061: 8054: 8044: 8042: 8029: 8028: 8024: 8014: 8012: 7999: 7998: 7991: 7981: 7979: 7978:. 10 April 2017 7968: 7967: 7963: 7958: 7953: 7952: 7947: 7943: 7938: 7934: 7929: 7925: 7919: 7915: 7910: 7906: 7901: 7897: 7891: 7887: 7881: 7877: 7871: 7867: 7862: 7858: 7853: 7849: 7844: 7840: 7834: 7830: 7824: 7820: 7814: 7810: 7805: 7801: 7795: 7789: 7786: 7780: 7777: 7771: 7768: 7762: 7748: 7744: 7718:Treaty of Paris 7687: 7683: 7671: 7667: 7658: 7654: 7638: 7634: 7605: 7596: 7587: 7583: 7579: 7565: 7544: 7526: 7509: 7503: 7502: 7499:Pronunciation: 7498: 7494: 7477: 7473: 7461: 7457: 7420: 7416: 7390: 7386: 7372:En Mi Puertorro 7337: 7333: 7308: 7304: 7283: 7276: 7263: 7259: 7254: 7226: 7189:were hosted in 7171:Winter Olympics 7042:Wilfred Benítez 6964: 6921:, 20 March 2013 6904: 6898: 6856:arroz con dulce 6779: 6773: 6737: 6731: 6690:Casals Festival 6682:classical music 6624: 6622: 6616: 6453: 6447: 6282: 6276: 6204:Brooklyn Museum 6192: 6186: 6174:Spanish Revival 6067:San José Church 6016: 6010: 5998:Cerro Las Tetas 5935: 5929: 5883: 5787: 5781: 5709:Orthodox Jewish 5502: 5501: 5500: 5499: 5491: 5489: 5485: 5483: 5475: 5473: 5465: 5457: 5401: 5393:Main articles: 5391: 5326:Black Americans 5322:White Americans 5260:9.8% (313,125) 5214:8.0% (302,933) 5169: 5161: 5159:Life expectancy 5145: 5046:; 300,430 were 5009: 5008: 5000: 4987: 4972: 4966:American Indian 4957: 4942: 4927: 4912: 4884: 4878: 4873: 4703: 4697: 4693: 4666: 4660: 4656: 4620: 4619: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4561: 4555: 4535: 4527:Main articles: 4284: 4268: 4260:Desecheo Island 4236: 4230: 4199:Similarly, the 4197: 4191: 4121: 4115: 4110: 4097: 4034:carros públicos 4015:is served by a 4011:. The island's 3979: 3973: 3873: 3793: 3781:Main articles: 3779: 3777:Public finances 3743: 3730:Hurricane Maria 3723: 3712:Beach in Coto, 3706: 3631:economic sector 3504:. According to 3466: 3458:Main articles: 3456: 3439: 3431:Main articles: 3429: 3421:double jeopardy 3356: 3348:Main articles: 3346: 3184:– known as the 3097:Treaty of Paris 3081: 3075: 2945: 2939: 2895: 2881: 2867:, serves as an 2861:Sonia Sotomayor 2808:$ 3.742 billion 2807: 2797:Social Security 2719: 2711:Main articles: 2709: 2629: 2623: 2528:of the Senate. 2514:judicial branch 2484:, made up of a 2436: 2428:Main articles: 2426: 2401:Puerto Mosquito 2352:Caja de Muertos 2201: 2193:Main articles: 2191: 2186: 2185: 2142: 2134: 2106:Hurricane Maria 2066: 2002: 1996: 1948: 1893: 1742:Caja de Muertos 1710: 1698:Main articles: 1696: 1654: 1644: 1501: 1491: 1485: 1482: 1475:needs expansion 1460: 1336: 1316:pharmaceuticals 1288:U.S. government 1080:Lesser Antilles 999: 976: 967: 939: 891: 890: 889: 883: 871: 870: 869: 863: 842: 823: 811: 790: 771: 755: 739: 729: 718:3,205,691 ( 715: 690: 680: 665: 655: 645: 635: 607: 585: 570: 536:Pedro Pierluisi 532: 512: 474: 470: 466: 461: 439: 423: 410:Native American 381: 371: 349: 347: 332:18.450; -66.100 331: 329: 325: 322: 317: 314: 312: 310: 309: 308: 302: 277: 254: 252: 248:Sovereign state 242: 230: 229: 219: 214: 207: 186: 180: 173: 150: 148: 141: 122: 121: 120: 118: 109: 108: 107: 103: 96: 92: 68: 67: 64: 63: 60: 55: 46: 39: 34: 17: 12: 11: 5: 20739: 20729: 20728: 20723: 20718: 20713: 20708: 20703: 20698: 20693: 20688: 20683: 20678: 20673: 20668: 20663: 20658: 20653: 20648: 20643: 20587: 20586: 20569: 20552: 20535: 20533:from Wikiquote 20518: 20501: 20472: 20469: 20468: 20456: 20444: 20432: 20409: 20408: 20406: 20405: 20395: 20384: 20381: 20380: 20378: 20377: 20371: 20370:(1899–present) 20365: 20364:(1898–present) 20359: 20353: 20352:(1867–present) 20347: 20346:(1867–present) 20344:Howland Island 20341: 20335: 20334:(1860–present) 20329: 20328:(1858–present) 20326:Navassa Island 20323: 20322:(1858–present) 20320:Johnston Atoll 20317: 20316:(1858–present) 20311: 20310:(1857–present) 20305: 20299: 20293: 20286: 20283: 20282: 20280: 20279: 20269: 20266: 20265: 20263: 20262: 20256: 20250: 20244: 20238: 20232: 20231: 20230: 20224: 20216:Ryukyu Islands 20212: 20209: 20208: 20206: 20205: 20195: 20192: 20191: 20189: 20188: 20187:(1986–present) 20182: 20181:(1917–present) 20176: 20170: 20169:(1899–present) 20167:American Samoa 20164: 20163: 20162: 20156: 20150: 20141: 20140: 20139: 20133: 20127: 20116: 20115:(1898–present) 20109: 20106: 20105: 20103: 20102: 20096: 20093: 20092: 20090: 20089: 20083: 20077: 20076: 20075: 20069: 20063: 20054: 20048: 20042: 20036: 20030: 20024: 20018: 20012: 20006: 20000: 19994: 19993: 19992: 19986: 19977: 19971: 19965: 19959: 19953: 19952: 19951: 19945: 19939: 19930: 19924: 19918: 19912: 19906: 19900: 19890: 19884: 19878: 19872: 19866: 19859: 19856: 19855: 19853: 19852: 19847: 19842: 19837: 19832: 19826: 19823: 19822: 19815: 19814: 19807: 19800: 19792: 19783: 19782: 19780: 19779: 19774: 19772:Guantanamo Bay 19768: 19766: 19760: 19759: 19757: 19756: 19750: 19748: 19742: 19741: 19739: 19738: 19733: 19728: 19726:Navassa Island 19723: 19718: 19713: 19711:Johnston Atoll 19708: 19703: 19701:Howland Island 19698: 19692: 19690: 19684: 19683: 19681: 19680: 19675: 19670: 19665: 19660: 19658:American Samoa 19654: 19652: 19646: 19645: 19640: 19638: 19632: 19631: 19629: 19628: 19623: 19618: 19613: 19608: 19603: 19598: 19593: 19588: 19583: 19578: 19576:South Carolina 19573: 19568: 19563: 19558: 19553: 19548: 19543: 19541:North Carolina 19538: 19533: 19528: 19523: 19518: 19513: 19508: 19503: 19498: 19493: 19488: 19483: 19478: 19473: 19468: 19463: 19458: 19453: 19448: 19443: 19438: 19433: 19428: 19423: 19418: 19413: 19408: 19403: 19398: 19393: 19388: 19383: 19377: 19375: 19371: 19370: 19365: 19362: 19361: 19356: 19355: 19348: 19341: 19333: 19324: 19323: 19320: 19319: 19305: 19302: 19301: 19299: 19298: 19293: 19287: 19285: 19281: 19280: 19278: 19277: 19272: 19267: 19265:Cayman Islands 19262: 19257: 19252: 19246: 19244: 19243:United Kingdom 19240: 19239: 19237: 19236: 19231: 19226: 19220: 19218: 19214: 19213: 19211: 19210: 19205: 19200: 19198:St. Barthélemy 19195: 19189: 19187: 19183: 19182: 19180: 19179: 19173: 19171: 19164: 19158: 19157: 19150: 19148: 19145: 19144: 19142: 19141: 19140: 19139: 19134: 19124: 19123: 19122: 19120:Sint Eustatius 19117: 19112: 19102: 19101: 19100: 19095: 19085: 19084: 19083: 19072: 19070: 19066: 19065: 19063: 19062: 19057: 19052: 19047: 19042: 19037: 19032: 19027: 19022: 19017: 19012: 19007: 19002: 18997: 18992: 18987: 18982: 18977: 18972: 18967: 18962: 18957: 18952: 18946: 18944: 18937: 18931: 18930: 18919: 18918: 18911: 18904: 18896: 18887: 18886: 18872: 18869: 18868: 18866: 18865: 18864: 18863: 18858: 18853: 18843: 18842: 18841: 18831: 18830: 18829: 18824: 18814: 18813: 18812: 18802: 18797: 18791: 18789: 18783: 18782: 18780: 18779: 18774: 18769: 18764: 18759: 18757:Flamenco Beach 18754: 18749: 18744: 18739: 18734: 18732:Cerro de Punta 18729: 18727:Bahía de Ponce 18723: 18721: 18715: 18714: 18712: 18711: 18706: 18701: 18696: 18691: 18686: 18681: 18676: 18671: 18666: 18661: 18659:Isla de Jueyes 18656: 18654:Isla de Cabras 18651: 18646: 18641: 18636: 18631: 18626: 18620: 18618: 18612: 18611: 18609: 18608: 18603: 18598: 18593: 18588: 18583: 18578: 18573: 18568: 18563: 18558: 18553: 18548: 18543: 18538: 18533: 18528: 18523: 18518: 18513: 18508: 18503: 18498: 18493: 18488: 18483: 18478: 18473: 18468: 18463: 18458: 18453: 18448: 18443: 18438: 18433: 18428: 18423: 18418: 18413: 18408: 18403: 18398: 18393: 18388: 18383: 18378: 18373: 18368: 18363: 18358: 18353: 18348: 18343: 18338: 18333: 18328: 18323: 18318: 18313: 18308: 18303: 18298: 18293: 18288: 18283: 18278: 18273: 18268: 18263: 18258: 18253: 18248: 18243: 18238: 18233: 18228: 18223: 18217: 18215: 18213:Municipalities 18209: 18208: 18206: 18205: 18200: 18195: 18190: 18185: 18180: 18175: 18170: 18164: 18162: 18156: 18155: 18147: 18144: 18143: 18132: 18131: 18124: 18117: 18109: 18100: 18099: 18097: 18096: 18091: 18084: 18083: 18076: 18068: 18067: 18064: 18063: 18060: 18059: 18057: 18056: 18051: 18046: 18041: 18036: 18031: 18026: 18021: 18019:Colloquialisms 18016: 18011: 18006: 18001: 17996: 17990: 17988: 17982: 17981: 17979: 17978: 17973: 17968: 17963: 17958: 17953: 17948: 17943: 17938: 17932: 17926: 17920: 17919: 17916: 17915: 17913: 17912: 17907: 17902: 17897: 17892: 17887: 17882: 17877: 17872: 17864: 17858: 17852: 17846: 17845: 17842: 17841: 17839: 17838: 17833: 17828: 17823: 17822: 17821: 17811: 17806: 17801: 17796: 17791: 17786: 17781: 17776: 17771: 17766: 17757: 17751: 17745: 17744: 17741: 17740: 17737: 17736: 17734: 17733: 17725: 17717: 17709: 17701: 17696: 17691: 17683: 17677: 17675: 17669: 17668: 17666: 17665: 17660: 17655: 17654: 17653: 17643: 17637: 17631: 17625: 17624: 17622: 17621: 17615: 17609: 17605: 17604: 17601: 17600: 17598: 17597: 17596: 17595: 17590: 17585: 17575: 17570: 17569: 17568: 17563: 17558: 17551:Municipalities 17548: 17547: 17546: 17541: 17536: 17534:Isla de Cabras 17531: 17526: 17516: 17515: 17514: 17509: 17504: 17494: 17493: 17492: 17487: 17482: 17472: 17471: 17470: 17465: 17460: 17458:Bahía de Ponce 17452: 17446: 17440: 17434: 17433: 17430: 17429: 17427: 17426: 17421: 17416: 17411: 17406: 17401: 17396: 17390: 17388: 17382: 17381: 17379: 17378: 17373: 17368: 17363: 17358: 17353: 17348: 17343: 17338: 17333: 17328: 17323: 17318: 17316:Grito de Lares 17313: 17307: 17305: 17298: 17292: 17291: 17280: 17279: 17272: 17265: 17257: 17251: 17250: 17232: 17229: 17228: 17227: 17215: 17187: 17184: 17183: 17182: 17167: 17155: 17152: 17151: 17150: 17124: 17100: 17086: 17074: 17069: 17068: 17067: 17062: 17053: 17030: 17029:External links 17027: 17024: 17023: 16996: 16962: 16936: 16909: 16898:on 14 May 2011 16878: 16852: 16826: 16804: 16782: 16768: 16754: 16740: 16731: 16720:San Juan Issue 16712: 16692: 16673: 16658: 16640: 16625: 16607: 16585: 16560: 16538: 16531: 16511: 16484: 16461: 16438: 16412: 16399: 16387: 16350: 16320: 16307:"CIA FactBook" 16298: 16281: 16255: 16229: 16217: 16187: 16157: 16146:on 7 July 2020 16127: 16101: 16075: 16044: 16018: 15992: 15961: 15932: 15915:"Korber House" 15906: 15883: 15861: 15835: 15817: 15795: 15769: 15738: 15708: 15678: 15643: 15610: 15580: 15558: 15532: 15519: 15493: 15464: 15441: 15415: 15389: 15359: 15338: 15327:on 24 May 2017 15312: 15298: 15288: 15275: 15243: 15217: 15187: 15160: 15145:. 5 May 2015. 15130: 15103: 15084: 15073:on 25 May 2017 15052: 15022: 14992: 14959: 14929: 14910: 14904:. Arno Press. 14886: 14867: 14847: 14816: 14786: 14771:(data table). 14755: 14729: 14678: 14652: 14624: 14599: 14573: 14569:World Factbook 14557: 14541: 14509: 14498:on 17 May 2021 14479: 14464:(in Spanish). 14446: 14431:(in Spanish). 14413: 14377: 14355: 14326: 14293: 14272: 14239: 14206: 14170: 14144: 14118: 14091: 14068: 14046: 14020: 14001: 13975: 13959: 13926: 13891: 13880:on 25 May 2017 13855: 13844:on 25 May 2017 13819: 13789: 13753: 13721: 13688: 13655: 13624: 13609: 13574: 13540: 13507: 13478: 13447: 13421: 13392: 13362: 13329: 13292: 13265: 13232: 13199: 13163: 13130: 13097: 13085:Robert Summers 13073: 13070: 13069: 12988: 12939: 12919:10.1890/110198 12883: 12847:Annual Reviews 12831: 12793:Annual Reviews 12773: 12698: 12636: 12590: 12574: 12544: 12533:on 25 May 2017 12508: 12478: 12452: 12427: 12401: 12374: 12348: 12321: 12295: 12265: 12244: 12226: 12219: 12201: 12170: 12161: 12142:Danny Nieves. 12134: 12103: 12101:; Boston; 1993 12087: 12077: 12045: 12015: 12003:New York Times 11987: 11968:(in Spanish). 11957: 11925: 11905:Legal Document 11885: 11874:on 11 May 2011 11859: 11838: 11805: 11796: 11757: 11746:on 15 May 2011 11725: 11698: 11665: 11639: 11613: 11587: 11575: 11559: 11550: 11517: 11491: 11465: 11432: 11400: 11368: 11349: 11317: 11291: 11259: 11228: 11198: 11146: 11140: 11122: 11084: 11075: 11041: 11005: 10975: 10949: 10910:(6): 534–545. 10890: 10865: 10856:, p. 104. 10846: 10837:, p. 106. 10827: 10780: 10765: 10740: 10709: 10679: 10649: 10623: 10593: 10566: 10536: 10506: 10486: 10445: 10404: 10374: 10341: 10304: 10278: 10248: 10231: 10213: 10196: 10178: 10152: 10121: 10091: 10065: 10039: 10009: 9983: 9954: 9924: 9905: 9886: 9859: 9825: 9804:(22): 81–106. 9784: 9758: 9728: 9698: 9671: 9650: 9629: 9603: 9568: 9550: 9547:. 3 June 2015. 9532: 9519: 9502: 9487:. Henry Holt. 9473: 9456: 9437: 9417: 9398: 9374: 9349: 9330: 9302: 9272: 9238: 9212: 9194: 9172: 9152: 9135: 9118: 9093: 9070: 9063: 9045: 9026:(in Spanish). 9010: 8981: 8964:Elnuevodia.com 8960:"El Nuevo Día" 8951: 8919: 8887: 8865: 8835: 8816: 8803: 8777: 8770: 8750: 8743: 8723: 8716: 8698: 8683: 8663: 8637: 8620: 8587: 8548: 8541: 8521: 8510:on 25 May 2017 8483: 8472:on 28 May 2014 8451: 8414: 8373: 8343: 8317: 8292: 8267: 8239: 8214: 8189: 8164: 8139: 8113: 8087: 8052: 8022: 7989: 7960: 7959: 7957: 7954: 7951: 7950: 7941: 7932: 7923: 7913: 7904: 7895: 7885: 7875: 7865: 7856: 7847: 7838: 7828: 7818: 7808: 7799: 7751:Ortega v. Lara 7742: 7681: 7665: 7652: 7632: 7630: 7629: 7614: 7594: 7492: 7471: 7463:Cerro de Punta 7455: 7449:in their song 7427:nautical miles 7414: 7384: 7360:Bobby Valentín 7331: 7315:puertorriqueño 7302: 7274: 7256: 7255: 7253: 7250: 7249: 7248: 7243: 7237: 7232: 7225: 7222: 7061:Goodwill Games 7038:Félix Trinidad 7006:Wilfredo Gómez 6988:Roberto Alomar 6984:Orlando Cepeda 6977:Hall of Famers 6938:Montreal Expos 6900:Main article: 6897: 6894: 6889:dulce de leche 6775:Main article: 6772: 6769: 6733:Main article: 6730: 6727: 6618:Main article: 6615: 6612: 6461:radio stations 6449:Main article: 6446: 6443: 6429:Rosario Ferrer 6372:in 1894 wrote 6350:historiography 6314:Rafael Cordero 6278:Main article: 6275: 6272: 6242:Also popular, 6188:Main article: 6185: 6182: 6012:Main article: 6009: 6006: 5931:Main article: 5928: 5925: 5882: 5879: 5805:Latin language 5783:Main article: 5780: 5777: 5697:Sha'are Zedeck 5550:Spanish Empire 5525:municipalities 5490: 5484: 5474: 5464: 5460: 5459: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5390: 5387: 5268: 5267: 5266:0.8% (25,561) 5264: 5261: 5258: 5255: 5252: 5249: 5245: 5244: 5243:0.6% (22,355) 5241: 5238: 5235: 5232: 5229: 5226: 5222: 5221: 5220:0.4% (14,429) 5218: 5215: 5212: 5209: 5206: 5203: 5199: 5198: 5195: 5192: 5189: 5186: 5183: 5180: 5176: 5175: 5174:Racial groups 5168: 5165: 5160: 5157: 5153:United Nations 5144: 5141: 5070:Canary Islands 5005: 5004: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4992: 4991: 4988: 4985: 4983: 4977: 4976: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4962: 4961: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4947: 4946: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4932: 4931: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4917: 4916: 4913: 4910: 4908: 4902: 4901: 4899: 4897: 4893: 4892: 4886: 4885: 4880:Main article: 4877: 4874: 4870: 4869: 4866: 4861: 4856: 4852: 4851: 4848: 4843: 4838: 4834: 4833: 4830: 4825: 4820: 4816: 4815: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4798: 4797: 4794: 4789: 4784: 4780: 4779: 4776: 4771: 4766: 4762: 4761: 4758: 4753: 4748: 4744: 4743: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4726: 4725: 4722: 4717: 4712: 4708: 4707: 4686: 4683: 4678: 4673: 4670: 4648: 4647: 4645: 4640: 4635: 4630: 4625: 4622: 4621: 4617: 4612: 4609: 4606: 4601: 4557:Main article: 4554: 4551: 4523: 4522: 4518: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4503: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4494: 4488: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4473: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4464: 4458: 4457: 4454: 4452: 4449: 4443: 4442: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4428: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4413: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4398: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4383: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4368: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4353: 4352: 4349: 4347: 4344: 4338: 4337: 4334: 4332: 4329: 4323: 4322: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4308: 4307: 4304: 4302: 4299: 4293: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4277: 4267: 4264: 4232:Main article: 4229: 4226: 4193:Main article: 4190: 4187: 4117:Main article: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 3975:Main article: 3972: 3971:Transportation 3969: 3965:1920 Jones Act 3932:Western Europe 3889:cost of living 3872: 3871:Cost of living 3869: 3778: 3775: 3742: 3739: 3719:Main article: 3705: 3702: 3690:transportation 3625:Puerto Rico's 3611:tax exemptions 3595:foreign policy 3455: 3452: 3428: 3425: 3373:. Because the 3345: 3342: 3337:National Guard 3107:, and its own 3105:National Guard 3077:Main article: 3074: 3071: 2941:Main article: 2938: 2935: 2903:municipalities 2891:Main article: 2880: 2877: 2746:plenary powers 2727:United Nations 2723:ongoing debate 2708: 2705: 2625:Main article: 2622: 2619: 2444:American model 2425: 2422: 2413:dinoflagellate 2320:Northern Karst 2190: 2187: 2165:sea level rise 2146:Climate change 2143: 2135: 2133: 2132:Climate change 2130: 2102:Hurricane Jose 2097:Hurricane Irma 2065: 2062: 2042:Atlantic Ocean 1998:Main article: 1995: 1992: 1980:Milwaukee Deep 1902:Sierra Bermeja 1884:. Most of the 1821:Cerro de Punta 1758:Isla de Cabras 1695: 1692: 1643: 1640: 1602:Ortega v. Lara 1497:Main article: 1493: 1492: 1486:September 2024 1472: 1470: 1459: 1456: 1335: 1332: 1320:petrochemicals 1191:Spanish Empire 1183:Canary Islands 1175:African slaves 1153:following the 1066:, between the 1038:self-governing 1013: 1012: 1007: 1001: 1000: 998: 997: 992: 986: 984: 978: 977: 974: 972: 964: 963: 958: 952: 951: 948: 942: 941: 936: 932: 931: 921: 915: 914: 904: 900: 899: 886: 876: 875: 866: 856: 855: 850:$ 37,093 ( 843: 840: 837: 836: 824: 821: 818: 817: 814: 804: 803: 798:$ 41,682 ( 791: 788: 785: 784: 772: 769: 766: 765: 762: 748: 747: 740: 738:• Density 737: 734: 733: 730: 727: 724: 723: 716: 713: 710: 709: 703: 702: 699: 695: 694: 691: 688: 685: 684: 681: 678: 675: 674: 670: 669: 666: 663: 660: 659: 656: 653: 650: 649: 646: 643: 640: 639: 636: 633: 630: 629: 623: 622: 608: 602: 599: 598: 592: 591: 586: 580: 577: 576: 571: 565: 562: 561: 556: 552: 551: 548: 547: 533: 527: 524: 523: 513: 507: 504: 503: 500: 499: 494:constitutional 485: 479: 478: 447: 441: 440: 438: 437: 434: 424: 422: 421: 418: 412: 406: 400: 394: 384: 382: 379: 373: 372: 370: 369: 364: 358: 356: 352: 351: 344: 340: 339: 303: 300: 296: 295: 292: 286: 285: 282: 274: 273: 268: 264: 263: 250: 244: 243: 240: 232: 231: 217: 216: 188: 187: 162: 152: 151: 134: 124: 123: 112: 111: 110: 97: 86: 85: 84: 81: 80: 57: 56: 51: 48: 47: 44: 37: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 20738: 20727: 20724: 20722: 20719: 20717: 20714: 20712: 20709: 20707: 20704: 20702: 20699: 20697: 20694: 20692: 20689: 20687: 20684: 20682: 20679: 20677: 20674: 20672: 20669: 20667: 20664: 20662: 20659: 20657: 20654: 20652: 20649: 20647: 20644: 20642: 20639: 20638: 20636: 20629: 20626: 20609:18.2°N 66.5°W 20584:from Wikidata 20583: 20582: 20570: 20566: 20565: 20564:Travel guides 20553: 20549: 20548: 20536: 20532: 20531: 20519: 20516:from Wikinews 20515: 20514: 20502: 20498: 20497: 20485: 20484: 20481: 20475: 20467: 20462: 20457: 20455: 20445: 20443: 20442:United States 20433: 20431: 20421: 20420: 20417: 20404: 20396: 20394: 20386: 20385: 20382: 20375: 20372: 20369: 20366: 20363: 20362:Palmyra Atoll 20360: 20357: 20354: 20351: 20348: 20345: 20342: 20339: 20336: 20333: 20330: 20327: 20324: 20321: 20318: 20315: 20314:Jarvis Island 20312: 20309: 20306: 20303: 20300: 20297: 20296:Roncador Bank 20294: 20291: 20288: 20287: 20284: 20278: 20274: 20271: 20270: 20267: 20260: 20257: 20254: 20251: 20248: 20245: 20242: 20239: 20236: 20235:Bonin Islands 20233: 20228: 20225: 20222: 20219: 20218: 20217: 20214: 20213: 20210: 20204: 20203:United States 20200: 20197: 20196: 20193: 20186: 20183: 20180: 20177: 20174: 20171: 20168: 20165: 20160: 20157: 20154: 20151: 20148: 20145: 20144: 20142: 20137: 20134: 20131: 20128: 20125: 20122: 20121: 20120: 20117: 20114: 20111: 20110: 20107: 20101: 20098: 20097: 20094: 20087: 20084: 20081: 20078: 20073: 20070: 20067: 20064: 20061: 20058: 20057: 20055: 20052: 20049: 20046: 20043: 20040: 20037: 20034: 20031: 20028: 20025: 20022: 20019: 20016: 20013: 20010: 20007: 20004: 20001: 19998: 19995: 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19597: 19594: 19592: 19589: 19587: 19584: 19582: 19579: 19577: 19574: 19572: 19569: 19567: 19564: 19562: 19559: 19557: 19554: 19552: 19549: 19547: 19544: 19542: 19539: 19537: 19534: 19532: 19529: 19527: 19524: 19522: 19521:New Hampshire 19519: 19517: 19514: 19512: 19509: 19507: 19504: 19502: 19499: 19497: 19494: 19492: 19489: 19487: 19484: 19482: 19481:Massachusetts 19479: 19477: 19474: 19472: 19469: 19467: 19464: 19462: 19459: 19457: 19454: 19452: 19449: 19447: 19444: 19442: 19439: 19437: 19434: 19432: 19429: 19427: 19424: 19422: 19419: 19417: 19414: 19412: 19409: 19407: 19404: 19402: 19399: 19397: 19394: 19392: 19389: 19387: 19384: 19382: 19379: 19378: 19376: 19372: 19368: 19363: 19354: 19349: 19347: 19342: 19340: 19335: 19334: 19331: 19317: 19316: 19303: 19297: 19294: 19292: 19289: 19288: 19286: 19284:United States 19282: 19276: 19273: 19271: 19268: 19266: 19263: 19261: 19258: 19256: 19253: 19251: 19248: 19247: 19245: 19241: 19235: 19232: 19230: 19227: 19225: 19222: 19221: 19219: 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18820: 18819: 18818: 18815: 18811: 18808: 18807: 18806: 18803: 18801: 18798: 18796: 18793: 18792: 18790: 18788: 18784: 18778: 18775: 18773: 18770: 18768: 18765: 18763: 18760: 18758: 18755: 18753: 18750: 18748: 18745: 18743: 18740: 18738: 18735: 18733: 18730: 18728: 18725: 18724: 18722: 18720: 18716: 18710: 18707: 18705: 18702: 18700: 18697: 18695: 18692: 18690: 18687: 18685: 18682: 18680: 18679:Isla del Frío 18677: 18675: 18672: 18670: 18667: 18665: 18662: 18660: 18657: 18655: 18652: 18650: 18647: 18645: 18642: 18640: 18637: 18635: 18632: 18630: 18627: 18625: 18622: 18621: 18619: 18617: 18613: 18607: 18604: 18602: 18599: 18597: 18594: 18592: 18589: 18587: 18584: 18582: 18579: 18577: 18574: 18572: 18571:Trujillo Alto 18569: 18567: 18564: 18562: 18559: 18557: 18554: 18552: 18551:San Sebastián 18549: 18547: 18544: 18542: 18539: 18537: 18534: 18532: 18529: 18527: 18526:Sabana Grande 18524: 18522: 18519: 18517: 18514: 18512: 18509: 18507: 18504: 18502: 18499: 18497: 18494: 18492: 18489: 18487: 18484: 18482: 18479: 18477: 18474: 18472: 18469: 18467: 18464: 18462: 18459: 18457: 18454: 18452: 18449: 18447: 18444: 18442: 18439: 18437: 18434: 18432: 18429: 18427: 18424: 18422: 18419: 18417: 18414: 18412: 18409: 18407: 18404: 18402: 18399: 18397: 18394: 18392: 18389: 18387: 18384: 18382: 18379: 18377: 18374: 18372: 18369: 18367: 18364: 18362: 18359: 18357: 18354: 18352: 18349: 18347: 18344: 18342: 18339: 18337: 18334: 18332: 18329: 18327: 18324: 18322: 18319: 18317: 18314: 18312: 18309: 18307: 18304: 18302: 18299: 18297: 18294: 18292: 18289: 18287: 18284: 18282: 18279: 18277: 18274: 18272: 18269: 18267: 18264: 18262: 18259: 18257: 18254: 18252: 18249: 18247: 18244: 18242: 18239: 18237: 18234: 18232: 18229: 18227: 18224: 18222: 18219: 18218: 18216: 18214: 18210: 18204: 18201: 18199: 18196: 18194: 18191: 18189: 18186: 18184: 18181: 18179: 18176: 18174: 18171: 18169: 18166: 18165: 18163: 18161: 18157: 18152: 18151: 18145: 18141: 18137: 18130: 18125: 18123: 18118: 18116: 18111: 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17702: 17700: 17697: 17695: 17692: 17690: 17686:Golden coquí 17684: 17682: 17679: 17678: 17676: 17674: 17670: 17664: 17661: 17659: 17656: 17652: 17649: 17648: 17647: 17644: 17642: 17639: 17638: 17635: 17632: 17630: 17626: 17620: 17619:Endemic flora 17617: 17616: 17613: 17610: 17606: 17594: 17591: 17589: 17586: 17584: 17581: 17580: 17579: 17576: 17574: 17571: 17567: 17564: 17562: 17559: 17557: 17554: 17553: 17552: 17549: 17545: 17542: 17540: 17537: 17535: 17532: 17530: 17527: 17525: 17522: 17521: 17520: 17517: 17513: 17510: 17508: 17505: 17503: 17500: 17499: 17498: 17495: 17491: 17488: 17486: 17483: 17481: 17478: 17477: 17476: 17473: 17469: 17466: 17464: 17461: 17459: 17456: 17455: 17453: 17451: 17448: 17447: 17444: 17441: 17439: 17435: 17425: 17422: 17420: 17417: 17415: 17412: 17410: 17407: 17405: 17402: 17400: 17397: 17395: 17392: 17391: 17389: 17387: 17383: 17377: 17374: 17372: 17369: 17367: 17364: 17362: 17359: 17357: 17354: 17352: 17349: 17347: 17344: 17342: 17339: 17337: 17334: 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16644: 16636: 16632: 16628: 16622: 16618: 16611: 16595: 16589: 16581: 16579: 16574: 16570: 16569:José Campeche 16564: 16556: 16552: 16548: 16542: 16534: 16528: 16524: 16523: 16515: 16500:on 5 May 2022 16499: 16495: 16488: 16472: 16465: 16449: 16442: 16426: 16422: 16416: 16409: 16403: 16396: 16391: 16375: 16371: 16367: 16366: 16361: 16354: 16338: 16334: 16330: 16324: 16308: 16302: 16295: 16294:0-7876-0519-0 16291: 16285: 16269: 16265: 16259: 16243: 16239: 16233: 16226: 16221: 16205: 16201: 16197: 16191: 16175: 16171: 16167: 16161: 16145: 16141: 16137: 16131: 16116:on 5 May 2012 16115: 16111: 16105: 16089: 16085: 16079: 16058: 16054: 16048: 16032: 16028: 16022: 16006: 16002: 16001:"Luxner News" 15996: 15980: 15976: 15972: 15965: 15949: 15945: 15939: 15937: 15920: 15916: 15910: 15904: 15900: 15896: 15892: 15887: 15880: 15876: 15873: 15872: 15865: 15849: 15845: 15839: 15831: 15827: 15821: 15805: 15799: 15783: 15779: 15773: 15757: 15753: 15749: 15742: 15726: 15722: 15718: 15712: 15696: 15692: 15688: 15682: 15675: 15662: 15658: 15654: 15647: 15640: 15628: 15625:. CIA. 2015. 15624: 15620: 15614: 15598: 15594: 15590: 15584: 15568: 15562: 15546: 15542: 15536: 15529: 15523: 15507: 15503: 15497: 15481: 15477: 15476: 15468: 15460: 15459: 15453: 15445: 15429: 15425: 15419: 15403: 15399: 15393: 15377: 15373: 15369: 15363: 15356: 15352: 15349: 15348: 15342: 15326: 15322: 15316: 15309: 15308: 15302: 15292: 15285: 15279: 15263: 15259: 15258: 15253: 15247: 15232: 15228: 15221: 15205: 15201: 15197: 15191: 15175: 15171: 15164: 15148: 15144: 15140: 15134: 15118: 15114: 15107: 15100: 15096: 15093: 15088: 15069: 15062: 15056: 15040: 15036: 15032: 15026: 15010: 15006: 15002: 14996: 14980: 14976: 14972: 14966: 14964: 14947: 14943: 14939: 14938:"Puerto Rico" 14933: 14917: 14913: 14907: 14903: 14902: 14897: 14890: 14874: 14870: 14864: 14860: 14859: 14851: 14835: 14831: 14827: 14820: 14804: 14800: 14796: 14790: 14774: 14770: 14766: 14759: 14743: 14739: 14733: 14725: 14713: 14697: 14693: 14689: 14682: 14666: 14662: 14656: 14641: 14640: 14635: 14628: 14613: 14609: 14603: 14587: 14583: 14577: 14570: 14566: 14561: 14554: 14550: 14545: 14530: 14523: 14519: 14513: 14497: 14493: 14489: 14483: 14467: 14463: 14462: 14457: 14450: 14434: 14430: 14429: 14424: 14417: 14398: 14394: 14387: 14381: 14365: 14359: 14343: 14339: 14333: 14331: 14311: 14304: 14297: 14290:. March 2013. 14289: 14282: 14276: 14260: 14259: 14254: 14248: 14246: 14244: 14227: 14223: 14222: 14217: 14210: 14191: 14184: 14177: 14175: 14159:. August 2011 14158: 14154: 14153:"Puerto Rico" 14148: 14132: 14128: 14122: 14106: 14102: 14095: 14079: 14072: 14056: 14050: 14034: 14030: 14024: 14016: 14012: 14005: 13989: 13985: 13979: 13972: 13968: 13963: 13947: 13943: 13939: 13933: 13931: 13914: 13910: 13909: 13903: 13895: 13876: 13872: 13865: 13859: 13840: 13836: 13829: 13823: 13807: 13803: 13799: 13793: 13774: 13770: 13763: 13757: 13741: 13737: 13736: 13731: 13725: 13709: 13705: 13704: 13699: 13692: 13676: 13672: 13671: 13666: 13659: 13643: 13639: 13635: 13628: 13620: 13613: 13606: 13593: 13589: 13585: 13578: 13562: 13558: 13554: 13547: 13545: 13527: 13522: 13518: 13511: 13495: 13491: 13485: 13483: 13466: 13462: 13458: 13451: 13435: 13431: 13425: 13418: 13406: 13402: 13396: 13389: 13376: 13372: 13366: 13350: 13346: 13345: 13340: 13333: 13314: 13310: 13303: 13296: 13280: 13276: 13269: 13253: 13249: 13248: 13243: 13236: 13220: 13216: 13215: 13210: 13203: 13187: 13183: 13182: 13177: 13170: 13168: 13151: 13147: 13146: 13141: 13134: 13118: 13114: 13113: 13108: 13101: 13094: 13090: 13086: 13082: 13077: 13058: 13054: 13050: 13046: 13042: 13038: 13034: 13030: 13026: 13022: 13018: 13014: 13010: 13006: 13002: 13001: 12996: 12989: 12985: 12981: 12977: 12973: 12969: 12965: 12961: 12957: 12953: 12949: 12948: 12940: 12936: 12932: 12928: 12924: 12920: 12916: 12912: 12908: 12904: 12900: 12896: 12892: 12891: 12884: 12880: 12876: 12872: 12868: 12864: 12860: 12856: 12852: 12848: 12844: 12840: 12839: 12832: 12828: 12824: 12820: 12816: 12812: 12808: 12803: 12798: 12794: 12790: 12786: 12785: 12780: 12774: 12770: 12766: 12762: 12758: 12753: 12748: 12744: 12740: 12736: 12732: 12728: 12724: 12720: 12716: 12712: 12711: 12706: 12699: 12695: 12691: 12687: 12683: 12678: 12673: 12669: 12665: 12661: 12657: 12653: 12649: 12648: 12643: 12637: 12633: 12629: 12625: 12621: 12617: 12613: 12609: 12605: 12601: 12600: 12592: 12591: 12587: 12585: 12583: 12581: 12579: 12562: 12558: 12554: 12548: 12529: 12525: 12518: 12512: 12496: 12492: 12488: 12482: 12466: 12462: 12456: 12441: 12437: 12431: 12415: 12411: 12405: 12389: 12385: 12378: 12362: 12358: 12352: 12336: 12332: 12325: 12310: 12306: 12299: 12283: 12279: 12275: 12269: 12261: 12260: 12255: 12248: 12240: 12236: 12230: 12222: 12216: 12212: 12205: 12189: 12185: 12181: 12174: 12165: 12149: 12145: 12138: 12122: 12118: 12114: 12107: 12100: 12094: 12092: 12081: 12065: 12061: 12056: 12049: 12033: 12029: 12025: 12019: 12012: 12008: 12004: 11999: 11991: 11975: 11971: 11967: 11961: 11945: 11941: 11940: 11935: 11929: 11910: 11906: 11899: 11892: 11890: 11873: 11869: 11863: 11856: 11852: 11849: 11848: 11842: 11826: 11822: 11815: 11809: 11800: 11781: 11774: 11772: 11764: 11762: 11742: 11735: 11729: 11713: 11709: 11702: 11686: 11682: 11678: 11672: 11670: 11653: 11649: 11643: 11627: 11623: 11617: 11601: 11597: 11591: 11584: 11579: 11572: 11568: 11563: 11554: 11535: 11528: 11521: 11505: 11501: 11495: 11479: 11475: 11469: 11453: 11449: 11447: 11444:"Consulados. 11439: 11437: 11417: 11410: 11404: 11385: 11378: 11372: 11365: 11361: 11358: 11353: 11334: 11330: 11324: 11322: 11305: 11302:. State.gov. 11301: 11295: 11276: 11269: 11263: 11247: 11243: 11239: 11232: 11216: 11212: 11208: 11202: 11194: 11190: 11186: 11182: 11178: 11174: 11170: 11166: 11162: 11158: 11150: 11143: 11137: 11133: 11126: 11107: 11100: 11099: 11094: 11088: 11079: 11063: 11059: 11055: 11051: 11045: 11026: 11022: 11015: 11009: 10993: 10989: 10985: 10979: 10963: 10959: 10953: 10945: 10941: 10936: 10931: 10927: 10923: 10918: 10913: 10909: 10905: 10901: 10894: 10876: 10869: 10861: 10855: 10850: 10842: 10836: 10831: 10823: 10819: 10815: 10811: 10807: 10803: 10799: 10795: 10791: 10784: 10776: 10769: 10754: 10750: 10744: 10728: 10724: 10720: 10713: 10697: 10693: 10689: 10683: 10667: 10663: 10659: 10653: 10637: 10633: 10627: 10611: 10607: 10603: 10597: 10581: 10577: 10570: 10554: 10550: 10546: 10540: 10524: 10520: 10516: 10510: 10503: 10499: 10496: 10490: 10481: 10476: 10472: 10468: 10464: 10460: 10456: 10449: 10440: 10435: 10431: 10427: 10423: 10419: 10415: 10408: 10392: 10388: 10384: 10378: 10362: 10358: 10357: 10352: 10345: 10326: 10322: 10315: 10308: 10292: 10288: 10282: 10266: 10262: 10255: 10253: 10246: 10242: 10241: 10235: 10229: 10225: 10224: 10217: 10211: 10207: 10206: 10200: 10194: 10190: 10189: 10182: 10166: 10162: 10156: 10140: 10136: 10132: 10125: 10105: 10101: 10095: 10079: 10075: 10069: 10053: 10049: 10043: 10027: 10023: 10019: 10013: 9997: 9993: 9987: 9971: 9967: 9961: 9959: 9942: 9938: 9934: 9928: 9920: 9916: 9909: 9901: 9897: 9890: 9874: 9870: 9866: 9862: 9856: 9852: 9848: 9844: 9840: 9836: 9829: 9821: 9817: 9812: 9807: 9803: 9799: 9795: 9788: 9772: 9768: 9762: 9746: 9742: 9738: 9732: 9716: 9712: 9708: 9702: 9686: 9682: 9675: 9668: 9664: 9661: 9660: 9654: 9647: 9643: 9640: 9639: 9633: 9617: 9613: 9607: 9599: 9595: 9591: 9587: 9583: 9579: 9572: 9564: 9560: 9554: 9546: 9542: 9536: 9529: 9523: 9515: 9514: 9506: 9490: 9486: 9485: 9477: 9469: 9468: 9460: 9444: 9440: 9434: 9430: 9429: 9421: 9405: 9401: 9395: 9391: 9387: 9386: 9378: 9371: 9367: 9363: 9359: 9353: 9337: 9333: 9327: 9323: 9319: 9315: 9314: 9306: 9290: 9286: 9282: 9276: 9260: 9256: 9252: 9248: 9242: 9226: 9222: 9216: 9209: 9208: 9204:. offered in 9203: 9197: 9191: 9187: 9183: 9176: 9170: 9166: 9162: 9156: 9150: 9146: 9145: 9139: 9133: 9129: 9128: 9122: 9106: 9105: 9097: 9089: 9085: 9081: 9074: 9066: 9060: 9056: 9049: 9033: 9029: 9025: 9024:"Manufactura" 9019: 9017: 9015: 8998: 8994: 8988: 8986: 8969: 8965: 8961: 8955: 8936: 8929: 8923: 8916: 8915: 8910: 8905: 8901: 8898: 8897: 8891: 8884: 8880: 8877: 8875: 8869: 8862: 8858: 8855: 8851: 8847: 8844: 8839: 8832: 8828: 8825: 8820: 8813: 8807: 8791: 8787: 8781: 8773: 8767: 8763: 8762: 8754: 8746: 8740: 8736: 8735: 8727: 8719: 8713: 8709: 8702: 8694: 8690: 8686: 8680: 8676: 8675: 8667: 8651: 8647: 8646:"Puerto Rico" 8641: 8634: 8630: 8624: 8605: 8601: 8597: 8591: 8575: 8571: 8565: 8563: 8561: 8559: 8557: 8555: 8553: 8544: 8538: 8534: 8533: 8525: 8506: 8502: 8498: 8494: 8487: 8468: 8461: 8455: 8439: 8435: 8431: 8425: 8423: 8421: 8419: 8399: 8395: 8388: 8382: 8380: 8378: 8361: 8357: 8353: 8347: 8331: 8327: 8321: 8306: 8305:Sea Around Us 8302: 8296: 8281: 8277: 8271: 8256: 8249: 8243: 8228: 8224: 8218: 8203: 8199: 8198:"Mona Island" 8193: 8178: 8174: 8168: 8153: 8149: 8143: 8127: 8123: 8117: 8101: 8097: 8091: 8075: 8071: 8070: 8065: 8059: 8057: 8040: 8036: 8032: 8026: 8010: 8006: 8002: 7996: 7994: 7977: 7976: 7971: 7965: 7961: 7945: 7936: 7927: 7917: 7908: 7899: 7889: 7883:poblacional." 7879: 7869: 7860: 7851: 7842: 7832: 7822: 7812: 7803: 7794: 7785: 7776: 7767: 7760: 7756: 7752: 7746: 7739: 7738: 7733: 7729: 7728: 7723: 7719: 7715: 7711: 7707: 7703: 7699: 7695: 7694:Anglicization 7691: 7690:U.S. Congress 7688:In 1932, the 7685: 7677: 7669: 7662: 7656: 7642: 7636: 7627: 7622: 7618: 7615: 7611: 7602: 7595: 7592: 7591: 7574: 7501: 7500: 7496: 7489: 7485: 7481: 7475: 7468: 7464: 7459: 7452: 7448: 7444: 7440: 7436: 7432: 7428: 7424: 7423:statute miles 7418: 7411: 7407: 7402: 7398: 7394: 7388: 7381: 7377: 7373: 7369: 7368:Andy Montañez 7365: 7361: 7357: 7353: 7349: 7348:spontaneously 7345: 7341: 7335: 7328: 7324: 7320: 7316: 7312: 7306: 7299: 7298: 7293: 7290:according to 7289: 7288: 7281: 7279: 7271: 7270:Insular Cases 7267: 7261: 7257: 7247: 7244: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7231: 7228: 7227: 7221: 7219: 7215: 7211: 7206: 7204: 7200: 7196: 7192: 7188: 7184: 7180: 7176: 7172: 7168: 7163: 7161: 7157: 7153: 7149: 7145: 7141: 7136: 7134: 7130: 7126: 7122: 7118: 7113: 7111: 7107: 7103: 7099: 7092: 7088: 7084: 7082: 7078: 7075:organized in 7074: 7070: 7066: 7065:United States 7062: 7059:and the 1994 7058: 7054: 7050: 7045: 7043: 7039: 7035: 7031: 7027: 7023: 7022:Nelson Dieppa 7019: 7015: 7011: 7007: 7003: 6999: 6995: 6991: 6989: 6985: 6981: 6978: 6974: 6970: 6967:, San Juan's 6962: 6958: 6954: 6950: 6945: 6943: 6939: 6935: 6931: 6927: 6920: 6916: 6912: 6908: 6903: 6893: 6891: 6890: 6885: 6884: 6879: 6878: 6873: 6872: 6871:brazo gitanos 6867: 6866: 6861: 6857: 6853: 6852: 6847: 6846: 6841: 6837: 6833: 6832: 6827: 6826: 6821: 6820: 6815: 6811: 6807: 6803: 6799: 6795: 6787: 6783: 6778: 6768: 6766: 6762: 6758: 6754: 6746: 6741: 6736: 6726: 6724: 6720: 6716: 6715: 6710: 6706: 6702: 6701:Antonio Paoli 6698: 6693: 6691: 6687: 6683: 6678: 6676: 6671: 6669: 6665: 6661: 6657: 6653: 6649: 6641:choreography. 6640: 6639: 6621: 6611: 6609: 6605: 6600: 6595: 6590: 6589: 6583: 6578: 6577: 6570: 6569: 6562: 6561: 6554: 6553: 6546: 6545: 6538: 6535: 6529: 6523: 6517: 6516: 6509: 6508: 6501: 6500: 6493: 6492: 6485: 6484: 6478: 6474: 6470: 6466: 6462: 6458: 6452: 6442: 6441: 6439: 6434: 6430: 6426: 6422: 6418: 6414: 6410: 6406: 6405:Miguel Piñero 6402: 6401:Omaha Bigelow 6398: 6394: 6389: 6386: 6381: 6376: 6371: 6367: 6363: 6359: 6355: 6351: 6347: 6341: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6315: 6310: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6290: 6286: 6281: 6271: 6269: 6265: 6261: 6257: 6253: 6249: 6245: 6240: 6238: 6233: 6229: 6225: 6221: 6217: 6213: 6205: 6201: 6200:José Campeche 6196: 6191: 6181: 6179: 6175: 6171: 6167: 6166:Caribbean Sea 6163: 6159: 6155: 6148: 6144: 6140: 6136: 6134: 6130: 6126: 6122: 6118: 6113: 6111: 6107: 6103: 6099: 6095: 6091: 6087: 6083: 6078: 6076: 6072: 6068: 6063: 6059: 6055: 6051: 6044: 6039: 6035: 6033: 6029: 6025: 6024:Ibero-Islamic 6021: 6015: 6005: 6003: 5999: 5995: 5991: 5987: 5983: 5979: 5975: 5970: 5966: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5952: 5948: 5944: 5940: 5934: 5924: 5922: 5918: 5913: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5892: 5887: 5878: 5876: 5870: 5862: 5856: 5852: 5846: 5840: 5834: 5826: 5820: 5815: 5812: 5808: 5806: 5802: 5798: 5793: 5786: 5776: 5774: 5770: 5766: 5762: 5758: 5754: 5750: 5746: 5742: 5738: 5734: 5730: 5726: 5722: 5718: 5714: 5710: 5706: 5702: 5698: 5694: 5690: 5689:American Jews 5686: 5682: 5678: 5674: 5670: 5665: 5661: 5657: 5653: 5649: 5645: 5641: 5637: 5633: 5629: 5626: 5622: 5618: 5613: 5608: 5606: 5598: 5594: 5590: 5587: 5582: 5580: 5574: 5572: 5568: 5561: 5557: 5555: 5551: 5547: 5544: 5540: 5536: 5535:Protestantism 5532: 5530: 5526: 5522: 5518: 5514: 5510: 5506: 5497: 5481: 5480:Protestantism 5471: 5463: 5452: 5450: 5446: 5442: 5438: 5434: 5429: 5427: 5423: 5417: 5414: 5411: 5406: 5400: 5396: 5386: 5384: 5379: 5377: 5372: 5370: 5366: 5362: 5358: 5354: 5350: 5346: 5342: 5339: 5335: 5331: 5327: 5323: 5319: 5315: 5311: 5307: 5303: 5299: 5295: 5291: 5287: 5283: 5279: 5275: 5274:Latin America 5265: 5263:0.2% (6,390) 5262: 5259: 5256: 5253: 5250: 5247: 5246: 5242: 5240:0.2% (7,452) 5239: 5236: 5233: 5230: 5227: 5224: 5223: 5219: 5217:0.2% (7,960) 5216: 5213: 5210: 5207: 5204: 5201: 5200: 5196: 5193: 5190: 5187: 5184: 5181: 5178: 5177: 5172: 5164: 5156: 5154: 5150: 5140: 5138: 5133: 5131: 5127: 5123: 5119: 5115: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5099: 5095: 5091: 5087: 5083: 5079: 5075: 5071: 5063: 5059: 5055: 5053: 5049: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5033: 5029: 5025: 5020: 5018: 5014: 4997: 4993: 4984: 4982: 4978: 4969: 4967: 4963: 4954: 4952: 4948: 4939: 4937: 4933: 4924: 4922: 4918: 4909: 4907: 4903: 4898: 4894: 4889: 4883: 4882:Puerto Ricans 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4859:Trujillo Alto 4857: 4854: 4853: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4836: 4835: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4818: 4817: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4800: 4799: 4795: 4793: 4790: 4788: 4785: 4782: 4781: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4770: 4767: 4764: 4763: 4759: 4757: 4754: 4752: 4749: 4746: 4745: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4728: 4727: 4723: 4721: 4718: 4716: 4713: 4710: 4709: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4691: 4684: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4646: 4644: 4641: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4624: 4623: 4604: 4600: 4598: 4594: 4590: 4586: 4582: 4578: 4574: 4570: 4566: 4560: 4550: 4548: 4544: 4540: 4534: 4530: 4519: 4515: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4504: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4474: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4459: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4444: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4429: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4414: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4399: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4384: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4369: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4354: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4339: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4309: 4305: 4303: 4300: 4298: 4294: 4274: 4263: 4261: 4257: 4253: 4249: 4245: 4241: 4235: 4225: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4213:water quality 4210: 4206: 4202: 4196: 4186: 4184: 4183:union members 4179: 4174: 4168: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4150: 4146: 4142: 4138: 4134: 4130: 4126: 4120: 4105: 4103: 4095: 4090: 4089:San Juan Port 4086: 4077: 4076: 4069: 4065: 4063: 4059: 4055: 4051: 4047: 4042: 4040: 4035: 4029: 4028: 4022: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4006: 4002: 3998: 3994: 3987: 3983: 3978: 3968: 3966: 3962: 3957: 3952: 3950: 3949:U.S. Congress 3946: 3942: 3937: 3933: 3929: 3928:South America 3925: 3921: 3917: 3913: 3904: 3900: 3896: 3892: 3890: 3882: 3879:A map of the 3877: 3868: 3866: 3860: 3858: 3854: 3850: 3844: 3840: 3838: 3834: 3830: 3825: 3822: 3818: 3817:a public debt 3809: 3805: 3803: 3798: 3792: 3788: 3784: 3774: 3770: 3768: 3763: 3759: 3754: 3750: 3748: 3738: 3734: 3731: 3727: 3722: 3715: 3710: 3701: 3699: 3695: 3691: 3687: 3683: 3679: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3659: 3654: 3652: 3648: 3644: 3641:; as well as 3640: 3632: 3628: 3623: 3619: 3617: 3612: 3608: 3602: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3562: 3561:South America 3558: 3554: 3553:interceptions 3550: 3546: 3542: 3537: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3523: 3519: 3515: 3514:manufacturing 3511: 3507: 3503: 3499: 3495: 3494:Latin America 3491: 3487: 3483: 3475: 3470: 3465: 3461: 3451: 3448: 3443: 3438: 3434: 3424: 3422: 3418: 3414: 3410: 3406: 3405:chief justice 3401: 3399: 3395: 3394:statutory law 3391: 3386: 3382: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3367: 3365: 3361: 3355: 3351: 3341: 3338: 3333: 3331: 3327: 3326:War on Terror 3323: 3319: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3287: 3283: 3279: 3275: 3270: 3267: 3266:U.S. Congress 3262: 3257: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3246:Fort Buchanan 3244:, the Army's 3243: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3230:Camp Santiago 3227: 3223: 3219: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3200: 3198: 3193: 3189: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3170: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3150: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3135:José J. Reyes 3133: 3132:Major General 3129: 3125: 3121: 3116: 3114: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3090: 3085: 3080: 3070: 3068: 3064: 3059: 3057: 3052: 3048: 3043: 3041: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3023: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2992: 2990: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2966: 2962: 2957: 2954: 2950: 2944: 2934: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2923: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2909: 2904: 2901:, but has 78 2900: 2894: 2885: 2876: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2841: 2836: 2833: 2828: 2824: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2812:U.S. Treasury 2804: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2793:payroll taxes 2788: 2786: 2781: 2776: 2774: 2770: 2765: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2739: 2734: 2730: 2728: 2724: 2718: 2714: 2704: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2689: 2687: 2686: 2681: 2680: 2674: 2669: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2639: 2633: 2628: 2618: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2572: 2567: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2544: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2529: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 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New York. 16238:"BuddhaNet" 16063:14 February 15985:18 February 15788:25 November 15701:21 February 15667:17 February 15633:17 February 15623:CIA Library 15603:17 February 15382:21 February 15210:12 February 15015:28 December 14985:18 February 14809:14 December 14748:29 November 14720:|last= 14702:29 November 14671:7 September 14265:6 September 14232:6 September 14199:6 September 14163:6 September 13952:6 September 13598:16 February 13590:. Reuters. 13567:16 February 13533:17 February 13500:16 February 13494:Star Herald 13471:16 February 13463:. Reuters. 13440:27 November 13381:27 November 13322:7 September 13081:Alan Heston 13015:): e02412. 12849:: 387–408. 12610:: 611–630. 12524:Gdb-pur.com 12501:12 December 12288:22 November 11342:13 December 11221:15 February 11093:Ewel, J. J. 10800:: 198–209. 10271:20 November 10002:30 December 9968:. Cia.gov. 9947:23 February 9879:10 December 9362:Puerto Rico 9322:181 note 76 9038:7 September 8613:13 December 8336:24 February 8310:24 February 8285:24 February 8260:24 February 8232:24 February 8207:24 February 8182:24 February 8157:24 February 8122:"puertorro" 8035:Agencia EFE 7732:Foraker Act 7710:Puerto Rico 7702:Puerto Rico 7364:Soy Boricua 7214:Monica Puig 7098:Puerto Rico 7051:joined the 6915:Puerto Rico 6851:piña colada 6747:of El Morro 6705:Pope Pius X 6413:Piri Thomas 6385:Insularismo 6160:created in 6062:Río Piedras 6032:post-modern 5765:Pastafarian 5759:, with the 5721:Río Piedras 5671:beliefs of 5567:Pentecostal 5505:Catholicism 5496:Irreligious 5355:and nearby 4995:Other races 4618:2020 Census 4569:2020 Census 4248:archipelago 4178:LUMA Energy 4113:Electricity 4098:1.5 million 4075:Tren Urbano 4027:Tren Urbano 3997:expressways 3741:Fiscal debt 3647:public debt 3569:cut flowers 3518:real estate 3314:World War I 3298:Afghanistan 3284:fought the 3159:Ft Buchanan 2913:U.S. Census 2773:enfranchise 2393:La Parguera 2269:, the only 2150:Germanwatch 2034:rain shadow 2022:trade winds 1984:Mona Canyon 1925:earthquakes 1896:years old ( 1894:190 million 1798:Connecticut 1674:H.R. 5278: 1586:Foraker Act 1528:departments 1526:Map of the 1314:(primarily 1255:, called a 1020:Puerto Rico 935:Date format 644:• Land 583:Lower house 568:Upper house 555:Legislature 420:25.5% Other 392:Multiracial 330: / 129:Nickname(s) 45:Puerto Rico 20635:Categories 20618: ( 20530:Quotations 20060:Department 20003:Washington 19611:Washington 19531:New Mexico 19526:New Jersey 19401:California 19270:Montserrat 19203:St. Martin 19098:Martinique 19093:Guadeloupe 18975:Costa Rica 18817:Government 18699:Morrillito 18536:San Germán 18521:Río Grande 18431:Las Marías 18411:Juana Díaz 18371:Guayanilla 18034:Literature 17869:(currency) 17641:Amphibians 17480:Crash Boat 17304:Chronology 17049:Investment 16955:7 November 16902:16 October 16871:30 October 16845:30 October 16819:30 October 16797:30 October 16668:1142708953 16313:6 February 16248:6 February 16120:6 February 16094:30 October 16069:Retrieved 16037:30 October 16011:6 February 15954:6 February 15925:6 February 15854:6 February 15762:1 November 15731:1 November 15551:6 February 15512:6 February 15123:12 October 15077:17 January 15045:12 October 15035:Latino USA 14952:29 October 14779:5 November 14692:Census.gov 14348:6 February 13411:16 October 13355:22 January 13285:5 February 13258:2 December 12947:BioScience 12662:): 10–18. 12194:19 January 12070:31 October 11918:7 February 11878:30 October 11718:16 October 11632:30 October 11458:3 February 11425:30 October 11393:30 October 11211:WorldAtlas 10968:30 October 10904:BioScience 10733:28 January 10397:27 October 9976:30 October 9777:6 November 9721:6 November 9691:30 October 9563:Ensayistas 9410:18 October 9358:Porto Rico 9342:18 October 9144:Borincano. 9111:6 February 8944:17 January 8693:1245779085 8444:13 October 8132:19 January 8106:19 January 8045:7 February 7956:References 7793:OpenJurist 7706:Porto Rico 7698:Porto Rico 7447:Pedro Capó 7356:pejorative 7319:borinqueño 7181:, and the 7140:Streetball 7138:Organized 7079:, Greece. 7002:volleyball 6998:basketball 6965:March 2006 6883:polvorones 6560:La Opinión 6469:newspapers 6457:mass media 6409:Short Eyes 6274:Literature 6256:Christians 6248:vejigantes 6220:sculptures 5986:coquí frog 5982:kapok tree 5912:La Reforma 5865:, and the 5679:, and the 5632:San German 5345:Emigration 5336:and other 5334:Nuyoricans 5257:n/a (n/a) 5251:3,195,153 5228:3,725,789 5205:3,808,610 5182:Population 4217:management 3941:break bulk 3506:World Bank 3486:World Bank 3447:carjacking 3390:California 3364:common law 3324:, and the 3322:Korean War 3242:Juana Diaz 3238:Fort Allen 2985:consulates 2977:Costa Rica 2908:municipios 2795:, such as 2699:, and the 2595:San Germán 2560:U.S. state 2291:Toro Negro 2249:amphibians 2178:adaptation 2064:Hurricanes 2030:dry season 2016:is mostly 1949:11 October 1937:landslides 1880:and other 1878:carbonates 1859:Cretaceous 1810:Hispaniola 1688:as a State 1421:Porto Rico 1370:borinqueño 1356:indigenous 1277:a governor 1237:U.S. state 1227:have been 1203:indigenous 1132:government 940:mm/dd/yyyy 938:dd/mm/yyyy 707:Population 673:Dimensions 497:dependency 483:Government 445:Demonym(s) 426:By origin: 350:0.2% other 20691:New Spain 20454:Caribbean 20229:1950–1972 20223:1945–1950 20155:1900–1952 20149:1898–1900 20138:1935–1946 20132:1901–1935 20126:1898–1901 20074:1912–1959 20072:Territory 20068:1884–1912 20062:1867–1884 19991:1850–1912 19989:Territory 19985:1846–1850 19974:Minnesota 19956:Wisconsin 19950:1890–1907 19948:Territory 19944:1850–1890 19942:Panhandle 19938:1834–1907 19932:Oklahoma 19893:Louisiana 19869:Southwest 19863:Northwest 19621:Wisconsin 19586:Tennessee 19491:Minnesota 19466:Louisiana 19177:Greenland 19127:Venezuela 19030:Nicaragua 19005:Guatemala 18752:El Yunque 18719:Geography 18586:Vega Baja 18581:Vega Alta 18486:Naranjito 18291:Canóvanas 18276:Cabo Rojo 18231:Aguadilla 18153:(capital) 17951:Education 17905:Transport 17722:(reptile) 17593:Portugués 17438:Geography 17154:Geography 16989:14 August 16635:871424250 16431:14 August 16380:6 October 16365:USA Today 16343:8 January 16309:. Cia.gov 16296:), p. 40. 15778:"Welcome" 15486:4 January 14461:El Vocero 14406:26 August 14319:27 August 14131:US Census 13919:26 August 13884:26 August 13848:26 August 13714:8 October 13670:El Vocero 13648:26 August 13181:El Vocero 13145:El Vocero 13053:235809250 13037:1051-0761 12976:1525-3244 12927:1540-9295 12863:0066-4170 12827:207608918 12811:0066-4170 12795:: 13–30. 12743:2041-1723 12721:: 12485. 12686:0021-8901 12537:26 August 12235:"Table 5" 12028:State.gov 11980:11 August 11950:11 August 11831:11 August 11789:14 August 11750:14 August 11691:14 August 11658:14 August 11543:1 October 11510:1 October 11310:14 August 11284:14 August 11242:USA TODAY 11185:1559-2731 11115:20 August 10926:0006-3568 10854:PCCC 2022 10835:PCCC 2022 10822:139358281 10814:1296-2074 10702:28 August 10672:28 August 10334:20 August 10297:14 August 10245:Archived. 10228:Archived. 10210:Archived. 10193:Archived. 10084:14 August 9921:(1): 180. 9820:1794-8886 9622:11 August 9598:0034-7930 9495:17 August 9449:17 August 9149:Archived. 9132:Archived. 8080:17 August 8005:US Census 7639:Spanish: 7626:Borinquen 7504:English: 7376:Bad Bunny 7344:popularly 7338:The term 7327:puertorro 7323:borincano 7309:The term 6877:tembleque 6836:pig roast 6729:Philately 6714:Pagliacci 6707:and Tsar 6668:reggaeton 6656:aguinaldo 6588:Telemundo 6522:El Vocero 6491:El Vocero 6375:La Charca 6323:El Gíbaro 6252:carnivals 6214:, called 6178:Victorian 6117:Manhattan 6000:with its 5779:Education 5693:synagogue 5683:-derived 5445:loanwords 5389:Languages 5294:Venezuela 5078:Catalonia 5074:Andalusia 4896:Ethnicity 4511:3,285,874 4496:3,725,789 4481:3,808,610 4466:3,522,037 4451:3,196,520 4436:2,712,033 4421:2,349,544 4406:2,210,703 4391:1,869,255 4376:1,543,913 4361:1,299,809 4346:1,118,012 4108:Utilities 3916:Jones Act 3881:Jones Act 3682:Hong Kong 3676:, mainly 3674:East Asia 3565:Caribbean 3557:pathogens 3366:systems. 3360:civil law 3155:U.S. Army 2810:into the 2617:in 1971. 2605:in 1614, 2601:in 1579, 2597:in 1570, 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15376:Archived 15351:Archived 15331:18 April 15268:20 April 15262:Archived 15204:Archived 15147:Archived 15117:Archived 15095:Archived 15039:Archived 15009:Archived 14979:Archived 14946:Archived 14916:Archived 14896:"Part 4" 14879:24 March 14873:Archived 14840:27 March 14834:Archived 14773:Archived 14742:Archived 14712:cite web 14696:Archived 14665:Archived 14553:BBC News 14466:Archived 14433:Archived 14111:14 April 14084:14 April 14061:14 April 14039:14 April 13994:14 April 13946:Archived 13944:. 2008. 13913:Archived 13871:".pr.gov 13835:".pr.gov 13812:28 April 13806:Archived 13708:Archived 13638:Cnbc.com 13592:Archived 13561:Archived 13465:Archived 13434:Archived 13405:Archived 13375:Archived 13313:Archived 13279:Archived 13057:Archived 13045:34255404 12984:28154739 12935:86218354 12879:11688227 12871:17877456 12819:24112110 12761:27549569 12632:23684940 12608:Springer 12567:27 April 12561:Archived 12495:Archived 12278:Laht.com 12188:Archived 12154:18 April 12148:Archived 12127:9 August 12121:Archived 12064:Archived 12032:Archived 12007:Archived 11974:Archived 11909:Archived 11851:Archived 11825:Archived 11712:Archived 11685:Archived 11652:Archived 11600:Archived 11534:Archived 11504:Archived 11484:21 April 11416:Archived 11384:Archived 11360:Archived 11304:Archived 11246:Archived 11193:85305359 11106:Archived 11062:Archived 11025:Archived 10998:30 March 10992:Archived 10944:28608869 10727:Archived 10696:Archived 10692:NBC News 10666:Archived 10636:Archived 10610:Archived 10606:NBC News 10580:Archived 10553:Archived 10519:ABC News 10498:Archived 10361:Archived 10325:Archived 10321:uncg.edu 10291:Archived 10265:Archived 10058:24 April 10052:Archived 10032:24 April 10026:Archived 9996:Archived 9970:Archived 9941:Archived 9902:(2): 88. 9873:Archived 9869:25358299 9771:Archived 9663:Archived 9642:Archived 9616:Archived 9592:: 7–24. 9489:Archived 9443:Archived 9404:Archived 9336:Archived 9289:Archived 9259:Archived 9231:14 April 9225:Archived 9127:Boricua. 9003:1 August 8997:Archived 8968:Archived 8935:Archived 8900:Archived 8879:Archived 8857:Archived 8846:Archived 8827:Archived 8796:11 April 8790:Archived 8580:5 August 8574:Archived 8438:Archived 8407:26 April 8398:Archived 8366:15 March 8360:Archived 8074:Archived 8009:Archived 7749:Text of 7659:See the 7597:Spanish: 7439:100por35 7366:(1972), 7352:politely 7342:is used 7224:See also 7203:Mayagüez 7106:CONCACAF 6926:Baseball 6913:between 6865:piraguas 6831:pasteles 6599:Teleonce 6544:Claridad 6212:folk art 6069:and the 6054:Santurce 6028:art deco 5958:Catholic 5749:Nichiren 5741:San Juan 5673:Santería 5640:Carolina 5543:Anglican 5509:dioceses 5455:Religion 5443:. 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