Port Royal - Knowledge

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growth of Port Royal. Merchants and privateers worked together in what is now referred to as "forced trade." Merchants would sponsor trading endeavors with the Spanish, while also sponsoring privateers to attack Spanish ships and rob Spanish coastal towns. While the merchants most certainly had the upper hand, the privateers were an integral part of the operation.

257:) with a short dry season from January to April and a lengthy wet season from May to October. Temperatures remain steady throughout the year with the dry season being slightly cooler and range from 25.5 °C (77.9 °F) in January to 27.7 °C (81.9 °F) in May. The average annual precipitation is 1,345 millimetres (53 in). 879:

and tourist value. This is in part a result of abandonment of plans begun in the early 1960s to develop the town as a cruise ship port and destination. The plans stimulated the archaeological explorations on the site which, in turn, led to the suspension of development solely as a port but now included archaeological and other attractions.

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the English territories of North America, far surpassing any profit made from the production of sugar cane. Zahedieh wrote, "The Portobello raid alone produced plunder worth £75,000, more than seven times the annual value of the island’s sugar exports, which at Port Royal prices did not exceed £10,000 at this time."

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Today, the area is a shadow of its former self with a population of fewer than 2,000 that has little to no commercial or political importance. The area is frequented by tourists, but is in a state of disrepair. The Jamaican government has recently resolved to further develop the area for its historic

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that followed. Though the local authorities tried to remove or sink all of the corpses from the water, they were unsuccessful; some simply got away from them, while others were trapped in places that were inaccessible. Improper housing, a lack of medicine or clean water, and the fact that most of the

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After the 1692 disaster, Port Royal's commercial role was steadily taken over by the rapidly growing nearby town (and later, city) of Kingston. Plans were developed in 1999 to redevelop the small fishing town as a heritage tourism destination to serve cruise ships. The plan was to capitalize on Port

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According to Mulcahy, " scientists and underwater archaeologists now believe that the earthquake was a powerful one and that much of the damage at Port Royal resulted from a process known as liquefaction." Liquefaction occurs when earthquakes strike ground that is loose, sandy, and water-saturated,

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The forced trade became almost a way of life in Port Royal. Michael Pawson and David Busseret wrote "...one way or the other nearly all the propertied inhabitants of Port Royal seem to have an interest in privateering." Forced trade was rapidly making Port Royal one of the wealthiest communities in

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gradually became heavier as the residents adopted the brick-style homes of their native England. Some urged the population to adopt the low, wooden building style of the previous Spanish inhabitants, but many refused. In the end, all of these separate factors contributed to the impending disaster.

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to create a master plan for the redevelopment of Port Royal, which was completed in 2000. The focus of the plan is a 17th-century-themed attraction that reflects the city's heritage. It has two anchor areas: Old Port Royal and the King's Royal Naval Dockyard. Old Port Royal features a cruise ship

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Spain was unable to retake the island and, due to the privateers, could no longer regularly provide their colonies in the New World with manufactured goods. The progressive irregularity of annual Spanish fleets, combined with an increasing demand by colonies for manufactured goods, stimulated the

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Travel report published in September 2020. Another report that month discussed the well-funded Living Heritage Programme, which was seeking "to transform the town into a SMART, safe and secure community with a vibrant local economy, preserved cultural heritage and protected natural environment".

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began a 10-year underwater archaeological investigation of the portion of Port Royal that sank underwater during the 17th century. The program focused on an area that had sunk directly into the sea and suffered very little damage. Due to very low oxygen levels, a large amount of organic material

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and flow out into Kingston Harbour. The water table was generally only two feet down before the impact, and the town was built on a layer of some 65 feet (20 m) of water-saturated sand. This type of area did not provide a solid foundation on which to build an entire town. Unlike the Spanish

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by Jamaica's governor. Around the same time that pirates were invited to Port Royal, England launched a series of attacks against Spanish shipping vessels and coastal towns. By sending the newly appointed privateers after Spanish ships and settlements, England had successfully set up a system of

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brought a group of settlers in 1509. They came in search of new lands and valuable resources, like gold and silver. Instead they began to cultivate and process the sugar cane. Much like the Taino before them, the Spanish did not appear to have much use for the Port Royal area. They did, however,

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The town grew rapidly, reaching a population of around 6,500 people and approximately 2,000 dwellings, by 1692. As land on which to build diminished, it became common practice to either fill in areas of water and build new infrastructure on top of it, or simply build buildings taller. Buildings

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wharf at Port Royal and rented a building on the foreshore to serve as a storehouse. From 1675, a resident Naval Officer was appointed to oversee these facilities; however, development was cut short by the 1692 earthquake. After the earthquake, an attempt was made to establish a naval base at

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instead, but the climate there proved disagreeable. From 1735, Port Royal once more became the focus of the Admiralty's attention. New wharves and storehouses were built at this time, as well as housing for the officers of the Yard. Over the next thirty years, more facilities were added:

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to allow themselves to maintain their plundering illegally. Port Royal effectively became a pirate republic, and they continued to use the city as their main base during the 17th century. Pirates from around the world congregated at Port Royal, coming from waters as far away as

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in 1951). A few remain in place, however, including the Naval Hospital complex, some of the steam engineering buildings and a set of officers' houses. There is also a slipway, completed as late as 1904, which (with its accompanying sheds) was designed for housing and launching

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The historical Jamaica earthquake of 7 June 1692 can be dated closely not only by date, but by time of day as well. This is documented by recovery from the sea floor in the 1960s of a pocket watch stopped at 11:43 a.m., recording the time of the devastating earthquake.

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survivors were homeless led to many people dying of malignant fevers. The earthquake and tsunami killed between 1,000 and 3,000 people combined, nearly half the city's population. Disease ran rampant in the next several months, killing an estimated 2,000 additional people.

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Some attempts were made to rebuild the city, starting with the one third that was not submerged, but these met with mixed success and numerous disasters. An initial attempt at rebuilding was again destroyed in 1703 by fire. Subsequent rebuilding was hampered by several

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increasing the water pressure and causing the particles to separate from one another and form a sludge resembling quicksand. Eyewitness accounts attested to buildings sliding into the water, but it is likely some simply sank straight down into the now unstable layer.

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in 1722, a further fire in 1750, and a major hurricane in 1774, and soon Kingston eclipsed Port Royal in importance. In 1815, what repairs were being undertaken were destroyed in another major fire, while the whole island was severely affected by an epidemic of

444:(later anglicized to buccaneers), who had turned to piracy after being robbed by the Spanish (and subsequently thrown out of Hispaniola). These pirates concentrated their attacks on Spanish shipping, whose interests were considered the major threat to the town. 757:

Old map of Port Royal. Light section at top and going down toward the right is the part of the city lost in the 1692 earthquake; slightly shaded middle section, the part of the city that was flooded; darkly shaded bottom section is the part of the city that

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vessels, at a time when many European nations were reluctant to attack the powerful Spanish fleet directly. As a port city, it was notorious for its gaudy displays of wealth and loose morals, with the privateer crews spending their treasure in the many

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considers it the most important underwater archaeological site in the western hemisphere, yielding 16th–and-17th-century artifacts and many important treasures from indigenous peoples predating its 1518 founding, some from as far away as

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took on greater importance. Upstanding citizens disliked the reputation the city had acquired. In 1687, Jamaica passed anti-piracy laws. Consequently, instead of being a safe haven for pirates, Port Royal became noted as their place of

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Since the English lacked sufficient troops to prevent either the Spanish or French from seizing it, the Jamaican governors eventually turned to the pirates to defend the city. By the 1660s the city had, for some, become a

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who lived in 2,000 buildings crammed into 51 acres (21 ha) of real estate. 213 ships visited the seaport in 1688. The city's wealth was so great that coins were preferred for payment over the more common system of

739:, stationed there for the Yard's protection. In 2014, it was announced that some of the Historic Naval Hospital buildings would be restored to house a museum as part of a broader Port Royal Heritage Tourism Project. 536:

The taverns of Port Royal were known for their excessive consumption of alcohol such that records even exist of the wild animals of the area partaking in the debauchery. During a passing visit, famous Dutch explorer

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in the 1840s, and twenty years later a small engineering complex was built. The Yard continued to expand through to the beginning of the 20th century, but then (with the Admiralty focusing more and more on the

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On 7 June 1692, a devastating earthquake hit the city causing most of its northern section to be lost – and with it many of the town's houses and other buildings. Many of the forts were destroyed, as well;

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defence for Port Royal. Spain was forced to continually defend their possessions from attack, providing them with no opportunity and no means with which to attempt to retake the land.

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to Portobello in 1668 returned to the town with a prize to spend of at least £60 each (two or three times the usual annual plantation wage) leaves little doubt that they were right".

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retain its Taino name. Spain kept control of Jamaica mostly so that it could prevent other countries from gaining access to the island, which was strategically situated within the

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pier extending from a reconstructed Chocolata Hole harbour and Fisher's Row, a group of cafes and shops on the waterfront. The King's Royal Naval Dockyard features a combination

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have ended) might be beneficial to the town, but "there's still much work to be done if the town will become the 'world-class heritage, environmental and cultural attraction

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Although the earthquake hit the entire island of Jamaica, the citizens of Port Royal were at a greater risk of death due to the perilous sand, falling buildings, and the

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By 2019, a floating pier where a cruise ship could dock had been built; the first ship arrived on 20 January 2020. Tourists from a few ships (after the effects of the

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survived, but Forts James and Carlisle sank into the sea, Fort Rupert became a large region of water, and great damage was done to an area known as Morgan's Line.

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A devastating earthquake on 14 January 1907 liquefied the sand spit, destroying nearly all of the rebuilt city, submerging additional portions, and tilting The

317:. By 1659 two hundred houses, shops and warehouses had been built around the fort; by 1692 five forts defended the port. The English initially called the place 6796: 5651: 4209: 3712: 3612: 3596: 3551: 3362: 3054: 2960: 557:) met a howler monkey, while at leisure in a Port Royal alehouse, whom he named Jefferson and formed a strong bond with during the expedition to the island of 4260: 4204: 4199: 4061: 3819: 3793: 3758: 3228: 3069: 569:

in 1706. Port Royal benefited from this lively, glamorous infamy and grew to be one of the two largest towns and the most economically important port in the

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before them, the English had decided to settle and develop the small area of land, even while acknowledging that the area was nothing but "hot loose sand".

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The parrots of Port Royal gather to drink from the large stocks of ale with just as much alacrity as the drunks that frequent the taverns that serve it.

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could be recovered. The efforts made by the program have allowed everyday life in the English colonial port city to be reconstructed in great detail.

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Royal's unique and fascinating heritage, with archaeological findings from pre-colonial and privateering years as the basis of possible attractions.

3259: 3233: 3176: 3114: 3104: 3099: 2880: 2855: 2815: 1885: 836:, reveals the foundations of building underwater, showing there was subsidence, as do comparisons of post-earthquake maps and pre-earthquake maps. 581:. During a 20-year period that ended in 1692, nearly 10,000 people lived in Port Royal. In addition to prostitutes and buccaneers, there were four 1272: 221:, gambling houses and brothels which catered for the sailors. When the British and Dutch governments officially abandoned the practice of issuing 5898: 3445: 3109: 2975: 2945: 2885: 2840: 2770: 1638: 46: 4102: 3778: 3707: 2780: 281:

historic indigenous people of the Caribbean occupied this area for centuries before European settlement. They used the area, which they called

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Wine and women drained their wealth to such a degree that some of them became reduced to beggary. They have been known to spend 2 or 3,000

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of the Caribbean. Spain maintained control over the island for 146 years, until the English took control following their invasion of 1655.

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and repair these vessels with no difficulty. It was also ideally situated for launching raids on Spanish settlements. From Port Royal,

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to privateers against the Spanish treasure fleets and possessions in South America in the later 16th century, many of the crews turned

1761: 91: 6001: 1692: 605:'s appointment as lieutenant governor, Port Royal began to change. Pirates were no longer needed to defend the city. The selling of 377:

allowed them easy access to prey, but the most important advantage was the port's proximity to several of the only safe passages or

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Many of the Dockyard buildings (most of which were of timber construction) were subsequently demolished or destroyed (some in the

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from the Atlantic. The harbour was large enough to accommodate their ships and the shallow waters provided a place to

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to come to Port Royal and make it their home port. The Brethren was a group of pirates descended from cattle-hunting

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At the start of the 19th century, a significant amount of rebuilding took place in what was by now a substantial

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was also established on land a little to the west of the Naval Yard; and by the end of the 18th century a small

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Mulcahy, Matthew (2008). "The Port Royal Earthquake and the World of Wonders in Seventeenth-Century Jamaica".

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ed. Russell K. Skowronek and Charles R. Ewen, 13–30 (Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida, 2006).

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for views of the native tropical sealife. The Royal Naval Dockyard also includes the headquarters for the

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died in the Jamaican prison in Port Royal. Two years later, 41 pirates met their death in one month.

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but soon renamed it Port Royal. For much of the period between the English conquest and the 1692

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Nuala Zahedieh, "Trade, Plunder, and Economic Development in Early English Jamaica, 1655–89,"

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Support for the Fleet: architecture and engineering of the Royal Navy's bases 1700–1914

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wrote his history of Jamaica, he included a description of the pirates of Port Royal:

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Today, Port Royal is known to post-medieval archaeologists as the "City That Sank".

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of wine, place it in the street, and oblige everyone that passed to drink from it.

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for every 10 residents. In July 1661 alone, 40 new licenses were granted to

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Port Royal became home port to English and Dutch government sponsored

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of the New World", where most residents were pirates, cutthroats, or

448: 405: 386: 370: 209: 186: 1628:"Port Royal, Jamaica: Archaeological Past and Development Potential" 1104:

Donny L. Hamilton, "Pirates and Merchants: Port Royal, Jamaica," in

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The Spanish first landed in Jamaica in 1494 under the leadership of

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had been added to the east (prior to this ships had had to go to

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found Port Royal appealing for several reasons. Its proximity to

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remained the official capital. In 1872 the government designated

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There is even speculation in pirate folklore that the infamous

486: 378: 366: 354: 226: 5598: 1365:"Jamaica National Heritage Trust - Jamaica - Admiralty Houses" 6308: 5324: 5264: 4707: 4534: 753: 362: 1120: 1118: 1116: 1114: 4909: 1245:. Pirates and Privateers – The History of Maritime Piracy. 1218:

Blackbeard Reconsidered – Mist's Piracy, Thache's Genealogy

166: 1853:"Absurd Pirate Myths Everyone Believes (Thanks to Movies)" 1850: 185:, it was once the largest and most prosperous city in the 4310: 1111: 968:"Jamaica's 'wickedest city' Port Royal banks on heritage" 942: 890:

In 1998, the Port Royal Development Company commissioned

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Underwater archaeology, some of which can be seen in the

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In 1657, as a solution to his defence concerns, Governor

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Pirates and Privateers: The History of Maritime Piracy

1160:(Kingston: University of the West Indies Press, 2000). 856: 1716:"Jamaica's Port Royal: The wickedest city on Earth?" 573:. At the height of its popularity, the city had one 313:

The town was captured by England in 1655 during the

1139: 1137: 1135: 1100: 1098: 1096: 1094: 1076: 1074: 1072: 816:The earthquake caused the sand under Port Royal to 1176:Admiral Sir Henry Morgan: "king of the Buccaneers" 1795:Hamilton, Dr. Donny L. (Principal Investigator). 1514: 1512: 1510: 1029: 844:in the first half of the 18th century, including 6733: 3789:Our Lady of Perpetual Help Church, St. Ann's Bay 1851:Yosomono, Eric; Miller, Drew (21 October 2011). 1683:"Talk tells story of Jamaican 'underwater city'" 1621: 1619: 1584:Cerruti, James (1967). "Jamaica Goes It Alone". 1518: 1132: 1091: 1069: 638:Remains of the Naval Hospital, rebuilt 1818 by 1837: 1680: 1507: 766:Shoreline changes in the Port Royal earthquake 353:initially for privateers and subsequently for 6797:Buildings and structures in Kingston, Jamaica 4326: 3658:Jamaica Free Baptist Church, August Town Road 3177: 1904:For the definition of city, town, etc., see: 1879: 1810:"Notorious Pirate Havens, Part 4: Port Royal" 1616: 1604:The Port Royal Project: History of Port Royal 961: 959: 882:In 1981, the Nautical Archaeology Program at 6371:Jim Hawkins and the Curse of Treasure Island 1243:"Notorious Pirate Havens Part 4: Port Royal" 1106:X Marks the Spot: The Archaeology of Piracy, 679:and other settlements to take on supplies). 1498: 1294: 1292: 1290: 4333: 4319: 3982:Barnett Street Police Station, Montego Bay 3723:St. Andrew Parish Church, Hagley Park Road 3184: 3170: 1893: 1886: 1872: 1424:Pawson, Michael; Buisseret, David (1975). 956: 719:, with part of the Yard being used by the 6762:1518 establishments in the Spanish Empire 6752:Populated places destroyed by earthquakes 6002:Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law 1824: 1577: 1169: 1025: 1023: 1021: 914:. The redevelopment plan also includes a 528:500 to see her naked. They used to buy a 420:used Port Royal as a base of operations. 6792:Tourist attractions in Kingston, Jamaica 6629:List of ships attacked by Somali pirates 1805:(historical and archaeological research) 1625: 1287: 1269:"Royal Museums Greenwich research guide" 1240: 1163: 860: 787: 773: 761: 752: 694:'s (later Commodore's) House included a 633: 480: 340: 264: 1583: 6734: 4052:St. Mary's Anglican Church, Montpelier 3855:Phillippo Baptist Church, Spanish Town 3799:St. Peter Martyr (ruin), St. Ann's Bay 3416:George William Gordon & Paul Bogle 1555:"The Giddy House, Port Royal, Jamaica" 1215: 1018: 980:from the original on 29 September 2018 585:, 44 tavern keepers, and a variety of 541:is said to have described the scenes: 51:An illustration of pre-1692 Port Royal 5788:Capture of John "Calico Jack" Rackham 4314: 4230:St. Peter's Anglican Church, Falmouth 3784:Mount Plenty Great House, Orange Hall 3368:Wesley Methodist Church, Tower Street 3165: 1867: 1816:. Vermilion Ohio News. Archived from 1726:from the original on 10 November 2021 1565:from the original on 10 November 2021 1450:from the original on 1 September 2021 1405:from the original on 10 November 2021 1375:from the original on 12 November 2021 1345:from the original on 12 November 2021 1249:from the original on 21 February 2020 965: 902:-museum and underwater aquarium with 742: 6767:Populated places established in 1518 6530:International Talk Like a Pirate Day 3562:Christ Church Anglican, Port Antonio 3333:Holy Trinity Cathedral, North Street 1644:from the original on 31 October 2008 1635:Underwater Cultural Heritage at Risk 1323:. House of Commons. 8 December 1948. 1298: 1156:Michael Pawson and David Buisseret, 1128:. 26 December 1998. History Channel. 1080:Michael Pawson and David Buisseret, 504:and had gained a reputation as the " 333:, the largest city, as the capital. 6782:Neighbourhoods in Kingston, Jamaica 4047:Salter's Hill Baptist Church (ruin) 1261: 1041:University of the West Indies Press 1039:(1st ed.). Kingston, Jamaica: 13: 5597: 3466:Statue of Sir Alexander Bustamante 3318:Coke Methodist Church, East Parade 3193:National Heritage Sites in Jamaica 1428:. London: Oxford University Press. 1197:from the original on 29 April 2016 857:1907 earthquake and recent history 197:, leading to the establishment of 69: 14: 6818: 6420:Silver: Return to Treasure Island 3754:Bellevue Great House, Orange Hall 3577:Old Military Barracks, Titchfield 1754: 1713: 1681:Nancy Lanthier (March 24, 2007). 1664:"Port Royal Heritage Master Plan" 1626:Hamilton, Donny L. (April 2006). 1057:from the original on 16 July 2020 1030:Higman, B W; Hudson, B J (2009). 706:: the victualling wharf became a 629: 6716: 6715: 6703: 6556:A General History of the Pyrates 6378:Castaways of the Flying Dutchman 5899:Operation Enduring Freedom – HOA 4294: 4022:No. 2 Orange Street, Montego Bay 3845:Mountain River Cave, Cudjoe Hill 3825:Cathedral of St. Jago de la Vega 3140: 3128: 1315:"Port Royal Jamaica Land (1948)" 1006:from the original on 7 July 2020 1000:"Climate Summary for Port Royal" 68: 61: 45: 3941:Magdala House & Mineral Spa 3926:MC Coke Farquharson Dining Room 3749:32 Market Street, St. Ann's Bay 3204:Jamaica National Heritage Trust 1738: 1707: 1674: 1656: 1596: 1547: 1492: 1462: 1432: 1417: 1387: 1357: 1327: 1320:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) 1307: 1234: 1209: 336: 292: 5914:Operation Dawn 8: Gulf of Aden 5909:Operation Dawn of Gulf of Aden 5662:Anti-piracy in the West Indies 4190:Barrett House (ruin), Falmouth 4072:Old Albert Market, Montego Bay 4027:No. 6 Corner Lane, Montego Bay 4017:No. 1 King Street, Montego Bay 3870:Spanish Town Historic District 3623:Admiral's Mountain Great House 3471:Statue of Sir Charles Metcalfe 3451:Statue of Father Joseph Dupont 3353:Old Jewish Cemetery, Hunts Bay 1838:Yosomono, Eric (2 June 2011). 1150: 992: 212:who were encouraged to attack 1: 5770:Blockade of Charleston (Vane) 4002:Grove Hill House, Montego Bay 3951:Black River historic district 3916:Invercauld House, Black River 3880:St. Dorothy's Anglican Church 3815:Altenheim House, Spanish Town 3718:Rockfort Mineral Bath and Spa 3683:MC Kelvin Lodge & Cottage 3516:Williamsfield railway station 3224:Mason River Botanical Station 1777:Brown, Shawn (Cartographer). 949: 779: 524:in one night; and one gave a 252:Köppen climate classification 6343:The Pilot: A Tale of the Sea 5593:Pirate battles and incidents 4057:Old Court House, Montego Bay 3885:Two Sisters Caves, Hellshire 3875:Spanish Town railway station 3592:Port Antonio railway station 3506:Roxborough Castle Plantation 3456:Statue of Hon. Edward Jordan 1303:. Swindon: English Heritage. 966:Davis, Nick (25 July 2012). 7: 5742:Battle of the Tiger's Mouth 5225:Rahmah ibn Jabir al-Jalhami 4118:Old Court House, Port Maria 4077:Old Slave Ring, Montego Bay 4007:Harrison House, Montego Bay 3911:Golmont View House, Reading 3850:Old Harbour railway station 3383:George William Gordon House 1745:Port Royal gets IDB support 1145:The Economic History Review 830:National Geographic Channel 698:, to counter the threat of 408:. Additionally, buccaneers 203:earthquake occurred in 1907 18:Port Royal (disambiguation) 10: 6823: 6747:Destroyed populated places 6619:Pirate films and TV series 6059:African Slave Trade Patrol 5627:Action of 11 November 2008 4416:Barbary pirates (corsairs) 4340: 4215:Falmouth Historic District 4012:Montpelier railway station 3921:Magdala House, Black River 3840:Highgate House, Sligoville 3582:Orange Bay railway station 3501:Marshall's Pen Great House 3280:Tryall sugar works (ruins) 3270:Old Police Barracks, Lucea 1216:Brooks, Baylus C. (2015). 1147:39, no. 2 (1986): 205–222. 746: 260: 241: 169:located at the end of the 15: 6777:Pirate dens and locations 6697: 6647: 6606: 6599: 6547: 6512: 6429: 6327: 6129: 6116: 6108:Trans-Saharan slave trade 6044: 5975: 5707:Battle off Minicoy Island 5682:Battle of Cape Fear River 5652:Anti-piracy in the Aegean 5622:Action of 28 October 2007 5617:Action of 9 November 1822 5592: 5490: 5398: 4762: 4755: 4681: 4645: 4602: 4555: 4548: 4393: 4348: 4290: 4274: 4248: 4182: 4154:Christ Church, Morant Bay 4136: 4090: 3992:Cinnamon Hill Great House 3987:Cambridge railway station 3969: 3946:Balaclava railway station 3936:MC Terman Calder Building 3898: 3807: 3741: 3648:Half Way Tree Clock Tower 3638:Cherry Garden Great House 3605: 3544: 3483: 3391: 3348:Liberty Hall, King Street 3305: 3298: 3247: 3239:St. Peter's Church, Alley 3211: 3199: 3123: 2699: 2692: 2569:Hopewell, Saint Elizabeth 2441: 1940: 1914: 1901: 686:serving the fleet in the 191:earthquake on 7 June 1692 181:. Founded in 1494 by the 152: 144: 132: 122: 87: 56: 44: 37: 30: 25:City in Kingston, Jamaica 6103:Indian Ocean slave trade 5992:International piracy law 5929:Pirate attacks in Borneo 5801:Capture of the schooner 5793:Capture of the schooner 5727:Battle of Ocracoke Inlet 5453:Pedro Menéndez de Avilés 4220:Fort Balcarres, Falmouth 4113:Harmony Hall Great House 4067:Ironshore Windmill Tower 3906:Appleton railway station 3587:Port Antonio Court House 3461:Statue of Queen Victoria 3441:Sir Alexander Bustamante 3343:Kingston railway station 1797:"The Port Royal Project" 884:Texas A&M University 728:1907 Kingston earthquake 345:Port Royal Fort defences 248:tropical savanna climate 6802:Piracy in the Caribbean 6562:Captain Charles Johnson 5986:1717–1718 Acts of Grace 5697:Battle of Mandab Strait 5677:Battle of Boca Teacapan 5672:Balanguingui Expedition 5637:Action of 23 March 2010 4266:Thomas Manning Building 4042:Town House, Montego Bay 3977:Anchovy railway station 3961:Lover’s Leap Lighthouse 3890:Whitemarl Arawak Museum 3496:Marlborough Great House 3265:Old Hanover Gaol, Lucea 1814:Great Lakes Pirate Fest 1299:Coad, Jonathan (2013). 1086:Oxford University Press 749:1692 Jamaica earthquake 645:Under British rule the 468:University of Edinburgh 6772:1692 disestablishments 5919:Operation Ocean Shield 5747:Battle of Tonkin River 5692:Battle of Doro Passage 5647:Action of 5 April 2010 5642:Action of 1 April 2010 5632:Action of 9 April 2009 5612:1985 Lahad Datu ambush 5602: 5438:Jose Campuzano-Polanco 5423:Duarte Pacheco Pereira 4570:British Virgin Islands 4240:Vale Royal Great House 4159:Morant Bay Court House 4144:Bath Botanical Gardens 4032:Roehampton Great House 3865:Spanish Town Cathedral 3653:Hope Botanical Gardens 3557:Cenotaph, Port Antonio 3511:Sutton railway station 3491:Mandeville Court House 3338:Kingston Parish Church 3219:Halse Hall Great House 2574:Hopewell, Westmoreland 2559:Hopewell, Saint Andrew 1906:Settlements in Jamaica 1895:Settlements in Jamaica 1827:"Piracy in Port Royal" 1766:VirtualTravelGlobe.com 1521:Early American Studies 1470:"Historic Earthquakes" 868: 793: 785: 767: 759: 642: 547: 534: 496: 349:Port Royal provided a 346: 274: 6535:Pirates versus Ninjas 5962:Slave raid of Suðuroy 5924:Persian Gulf Campaign 5809:Capture of the sloop 5737:Battle of the Leotung 5722:Battle of New Orleans 5601: 5463:Richard Avery Hornsby 5215:Piet Pieterszoon Hein 5175:Moses Cohen Henriques 5145:Manuel Ribeiro Pardal 4890:Christina Anna Skytte 4428:Brethren of the Coast 4411:Baltic Slavic pirates 4358:Ancient Mediterranean 4235:Stewart Castle (ruin) 4225:Hyde Hall Great House 4123:Rio Nuevo Battle Site 4082:The Dome, Montego Bay 4037:Rose Hall Great House 3997:Greenwood Great House 3830:Colbeck Castle (ruin) 3633:Charlottenburgh House 3401:General Antonio Maceo 3285:Fort Charlotte, Lucea 3202:As designated by the 2921:Mountain View Gardens 1789:on February 14, 2007. 1779:"Map: Old Port Royal" 895:The Jerde Partnership 864: 846:flooding from the sea 791: 777: 765: 756: 704:steam-powered vessels 637: 543: 518: 492:of the style used by 484: 429:Brethren of the Coast 381:giving access to the 344: 268: 193:and its accompanying 107:17.93750°N 76.84111°W 6457:skull and crossbones 6413:Mistress of the Seas 6095:Capture of the brig 6072:Atlantic slave trade 5833:Falklands Expedition 5687:Battle of Cape Lopez 5607:1582 Cagayan battles 5534:Queen Anne's Revenge 5085:José Joaquim Almeida 5070:John Newland Maffitt 4990:Hayreddin Barbarossa 4830:Bartolomeu Português 4820:Artemisia I of Caria 4815:Alexandre Exquemelin 4653:Baltic Slavic piracy 4406:Anglo-Turkish piracy 4210:Falmouth Post Office 3713:Papine-Mona Aqueduct 3673:JC Scotland Building 3597:Titchfield Peninsula 3552:Buff Bay Court House 3426:Nanny of the Maroons 3363:The Admiralty Houses 3147:Geography portal 2554:Hopewell, Manchester 1820:on 10 December 2015. 1609:8 March 2012 at the 1602:Donny L. Hamilton, " 1444:Jamaicaportroyal.com 1033:Jamaican Place Names 778:Ships at Port Royal 669:Royal Naval Hospital 598:goods for services. 466:, a lecturer at the 299:Christopher Columbus 16:For other uses, see 6474:No purchase, no pay 6442:Davy Jones's locker 6385:The Angel's Command 6229:Guybrush Threepwood 6077:Barbary slave trade 6054:African slave trade 5851:Jiajing wokou raids 5752:Battle of Ty-ho Bay 4975:François l'Olonnais 4835:Bartholomew Roberts 4723:Republic of Pirates 4261:Savanna-la-mar Fort 4205:Falmouth Courthouse 4200:Duncans Clock Tower 4062:Sam Sharpe Monument 3820:Bushy Park Aqueduct 3794:Seville Great House 3759:Cave Valley Chimney 3229:May Pen Clock Tower 2801:Forest Hills Garden 2731:Bournemouth Gardens 2564:Hopewell, Saint Ann 2549:Hopewell, Clarendon 1762:"360° Virtual Tour" 1670:on October 4, 2008. 1586:National Geographic 1474:Earthquake.usgs.gov 1426:Port Royal, Jamaica 1158:Port Royal, Jamaica 1082:Port Royal, Jamaica 713:situation in Europe 684:Royal Navy Dockyard 315:invasion of Jamaica 112:17.93750; -76.84111 103: / 6634:Timeline of piracy 6591:Piracy kidnappings 6244:Jacquotte Delahaye 6199:Charlotte de Berry 6189:Captain Sabertooth 6082:Blockade of Africa 6037:Piracy Law of 1820 5967:Turkish Abductions 5904:Operation Atalanta 5838:Great Lakes Patrol 5717:Battle of Nam Quan 5667:Attack on Veracruz 5603: 5185:Nicholas van Hoorn 5170:Michel de Grammont 5035:Jacquotte Delahaye 5020:Hippolyte Bouchard 4940:Elise Eskilsdotter 4880:Charlotte de Berry 4845:Benjamin Hornigold 4301:Jamaica portal 4256:Cast Iron Fountain 4098:Claude Stuart Park 3774:MCC Moneague Hotel 3328:Headquarters House 3275:Tryall Great House 3135:Jamaica portal 3095:Washington Gardens 3075:Three Oaks Gardens 2926:Nannyville Gardens 2901:Meadowbrook Estate 2761:Cooreville Gardens 1533:10.1353/eam.0.0009 1275:on 3 November 2013 1181:Pelican Publishing 892:architectural firm 869: 834:Wicked Pirate City 794: 786: 768: 760: 743:Earthquake of 1692 643: 497: 347: 275: 177:, in southeastern 173:, at the mouth of 6807:Maritime folklore 6729: 6728: 6710:Piracy portal 6693: 6692: 6670:Fictional pirates 6569:Truce of Ratisbon 6543: 6542: 6504:Walking the plank 6364:On Stranger Tides 6304:Tony Tony Chopper 6194:Captain Stingaree 6131:Fictional pirates 5947:Sack of Baltimore 5942:Raid on Cartagena 5884:Moscow University 5763:Beluga Nomination 5732:Battle of Pianosa 5657:Antelope incident 5548:Marquis of Havana 5486: 5485: 5195:Olivier Levasseur 5135:Louis-Michel Aury 5100:Klaus Störtebeker 5050:Jeanne de Clisson 4970:François Le Clerc 4805:Anne Dieu-le-Veut 4751: 4750: 4668:South China Coast 4632:Strait of Malacca 4308: 4307: 4169:Paul Bogle statue 4149:Bath Fountain Spa 3698:MC Porter's Lodge 3678:JC Simms Building 3628:Bob Marley Museum 3479: 3478: 3313:40 Harbour Street 3206: 3159: 3158: 3155: 3154: 2499:Cattawood Springs 2168:Hopewell, Hanover 1909: 1801:Nautarch.tamu.edu 1772:on 13 March 2012. 1747:, Loopjamaica.com 1559:Amusingplanet.com 1499:History Channel. 1480:on April 20, 2008 1227:978-0-86526-479-3 1050:978-976-640-217-4 941:" according to a 935:COVID-19 pandemic 732:Hurricane Charlie 453:letters of marque 400:attacked Panama, 391:Christopher Myngs 246:Port Royal has a 223:letters of marque 160: 159: 6814: 6757:Submerged places 6719: 6718: 6708: 6707: 6706: 6604: 6603: 6406:Pirate Latitudes 6399:Long John Silver 6392:Voyage of Slaves 6259:Long John Silver 6154:Captain Birdseye 6127: 6126: 5997:Letter of marque 5957:Salvador Pirates 5952:Sack of Campeche 5775:Chepo Expedition 5757:Battle of Tysami 5712:Battle off Mukah 5702:Battle of Manila 5541:Quedagh Merchant 5499:Adventure Galley 5345:Victual Brothers 5330:Thomas Cavendish 5295:Sayyida al Hurra 5280:Samuel Hall Lord 5260:Roche Braziliano 5245:Robert Culliford 5180:Nathaniel Gordon 5150:Martin Frobisher 5110:Laurens de Graaf 5080:Jørgen Jørgensen 5015:Henry Strangways 4995:Hendrick Lucifer 4945:Eustace the Monk 4810:António de Faria 4760: 4759: 4728:Republic of Salé 4698:Île Sainte-Marie 4553: 4552: 4530:Victual Brothers 4438:Cilician pirates 4335: 4328: 4321: 4312: 4311: 4299: 4298: 4297: 4128:Wentworth Estate 3764:Edinburgh Castle 3703:Mona Great House 3663:JC Assembly Hall 3618:24 Tucker Avenue 3567:DeMontevin Lodge 3526:NCU Rose Cottage 3303: 3302: 3201: 3186: 3179: 3172: 3163: 3162: 3145: 3144: 3143: 3133: 3132: 3131: 2866:Kingston Gardens 2751:Cockburn Gardens 2697: 2696: 2669:Sherwood Content 2509:Claverty Cottage 1903: 1888: 1881: 1874: 1865: 1864: 1860: 1847: 1834: 1821: 1804: 1790: 1785:. Archived from 1773: 1768:. Archived from 1748: 1742: 1736: 1735: 1733: 1731: 1711: 1705: 1704: 1702: 1700: 1691:. Archived from 1678: 1672: 1671: 1660: 1654: 1653: 1651: 1649: 1643: 1632: 1623: 1614: 1600: 1594: 1593: 1581: 1575: 1574: 1572: 1570: 1551: 1545: 1544: 1516: 1505: 1504: 1496: 1490: 1489: 1487: 1485: 1476:. Archived from 1466: 1460: 1459: 1457: 1455: 1436: 1430: 1429: 1421: 1415: 1414: 1412: 1410: 1391: 1385: 1384: 1382: 1380: 1361: 1355: 1354: 1352: 1350: 1331: 1325: 1324: 1311: 1305: 1304: 1296: 1285: 1284: 1282: 1280: 1271:. Archived from 1265: 1259: 1258: 1256: 1254: 1238: 1232: 1231: 1213: 1207: 1206: 1204: 1202: 1171:Breverton, Terry 1167: 1161: 1154: 1148: 1141: 1130: 1129: 1126:Sin City Jamaica 1122: 1109: 1102: 1089: 1078: 1067: 1066: 1064: 1062: 1038: 1027: 1016: 1015: 1013: 1011: 996: 990: 989: 987: 985: 963: 940: 784: 781: 717:Second World War 673:Victualling Yard 571:English colonies 539:Jan van Riebeeck 485:An 18th-century 442: 410:Roche Brasiliano 303:Juan de Esquivel 271:Kingston Harbour 175:Kingston Harbour 118: 117: 115: 114: 113: 108: 104: 101: 100: 99: 96: 72: 71: 65: 49: 28: 27: 6822: 6821: 6817: 6816: 6815: 6813: 6812: 6811: 6732: 6731: 6730: 6725: 6704: 6702: 6689: 6655:Barbary pirates 6643: 6639:Women in piracy 6595: 6539: 6508: 6437:Buried treasure 6425: 6357:Facing the Flag 6350:Treasure Island 6323: 6269:Vaas Montenegro 6264:Monkey D. Luffy 6234:Hector Barbossa 6219:Elizabeth Swann 6184:Captain Pugwash 6121: 6119: 6112: 6089:Veloz Passagera 6087:Capture of the 6040: 5971: 5780:Capture of the 5588: 5520:Flying Dutchman 5482: 5448:Miguel Enríquez 5400: 5394: 5360:William Dampier 5315:Simon Mascarino 5310:Shirahama Kenki 5290:Samuel Pallache 5255:Roberto Cofresí 5165:Mary Wolverston 5140:Mansel Alcantra 5115:Lawrence Prince 4795:Albert W. Hicks 4747: 4685: 4677: 4641: 4598: 4544: 4540:Women in piracy 4505:Sindhi corsairs 4458:French corsairs 4448:Cossack pirates 4401:Albanian piracy 4394:Types of pirate 4389: 4344: 4339: 4309: 4304: 4295: 4293: 4286: 4270: 4244: 4178: 4132: 4086: 3965: 3956:Black River Spa 3894: 3803: 3737: 3733:UWI Mona Campus 3688:MC Buxton House 3601: 3540: 3475: 3411:Donald Sangster 3393: 3387: 3294: 3255:Barbican Estate 3243: 3207: 3195: 3190: 3160: 3151: 3141: 3139: 3129: 3127: 3119: 3040:Seaview Gardens 3035:Rollington Town 2966:Olympic Gardens 2906:Molynes Gardens 2756:Constant Spring 2703: 2701: 2688: 2594:Middle Quarters 2437: 2358:Saint Ann's Bay 2288:Old Harbour Bay 1936: 1910: 1897: 1892: 1825:Vallar, Cindy. 1808: 1760: 1757: 1752: 1751: 1743: 1739: 1729: 1727: 1712: 1708: 1698: 1696: 1695:on May 18, 2007 1679: 1675: 1662: 1661: 1657: 1647: 1645: 1641: 1630: 1624: 1617: 1611:Wayback Machine 1601: 1597: 1582: 1578: 1568: 1566: 1553: 1552: 1548: 1517: 1508: 1501:Ancient Almanac 1497: 1493: 1483: 1481: 1468: 1467: 1463: 1453: 1451: 1438: 1437: 1433: 1422: 1418: 1408: 1406: 1393: 1392: 1388: 1378: 1376: 1363: 1362: 1358: 1348: 1346: 1333: 1332: 1328: 1313: 1312: 1308: 1297: 1288: 1278: 1276: 1267: 1266: 1262: 1252: 1250: 1239: 1235: 1228: 1214: 1210: 1200: 1198: 1191: 1168: 1164: 1155: 1151: 1142: 1133: 1124: 1123: 1112: 1103: 1092: 1079: 1070: 1060: 1058: 1051: 1036: 1028: 1019: 1009: 1007: 1002:. Weatherbase. 998: 997: 993: 983: 981: 964: 957: 952: 938: 916:five-star hotel 859: 782: 751: 745: 632: 522:pieces of eight 436: 418:Edward Mansvelt 394:sacked Campeche 339: 295: 269:Port Royal and 263: 244: 111: 109: 105: 102: 97: 94: 92: 90: 89: 83: 82: 81: 80: 79: 78: 77: 73: 52: 40: 33: 26: 21: 12: 11: 5: 6820: 6810: 6809: 6804: 6799: 6794: 6789: 6784: 6779: 6774: 6769: 6764: 6759: 6754: 6749: 6744: 6727: 6726: 6724: 6723: 6713: 6698: 6695: 6694: 6691: 6690: 6688: 6687: 6682: 6680:Piracy by year 6677: 6672: 6667: 6665:Female pirates 6662: 6660:By nationality 6657: 6651: 6649: 6645: 6644: 6642: 6641: 6636: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6616: 6610: 6608: 6601: 6597: 6596: 6594: 6593: 6588: 6583: 6577: 6576: 6571: 6566: 6565: 6564: 6551: 6549: 6545: 6544: 6541: 6540: 6538: 6537: 6532: 6527: 6522: 6516: 6514: 6510: 6509: 6507: 6506: 6501: 6496: 6491: 6486: 6481: 6476: 6471: 6466: 6461: 6460: 6459: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6433: 6431: 6427: 6426: 6424: 6423: 6416: 6409: 6402: 6395: 6388: 6381: 6374: 6367: 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5492: 5488: 5487: 5484: 5483: 5481: 5480: 5475: 5470: 5468:Robert Maynard 5465: 5460: 5455: 5450: 5445: 5440: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5404: 5402: 5396: 5395: 5393: 5392: 5387: 5382: 5377: 5372: 5367: 5362: 5357: 5352: 5350:Vincenzo Gambi 5347: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5327: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5307: 5302: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5275:Samuel Bellamy 5272: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5250:Robert Surcouf 5247: 5242: 5240:Richard Glover 5237: 5232: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5210:Pierre Lafitte 5207: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4985:Grace O'Malley 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4937: 4932: 4927: 4925:Edward England 4922: 4917: 4912: 4907: 4902: 4897: 4892: 4887: 4885:Cheung Po Tsai 4882: 4877: 4872: 4867: 4862: 4857: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4840:Benito de Soto 4837: 4832: 4827: 4822: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4785:Abraham Samuel 4782: 4780:Adam Baldridge 4777: 4772: 4766: 4764: 4757: 4753: 4752: 4749: 4748: 4746: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4733:Saint Augustin 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4705: 4700: 4695: 4689: 4687: 4679: 4678: 4676: 4675: 4670: 4665: 4660: 4655: 4649: 4647: 4643: 4642: 4640: 4639: 4634: 4629: 4624: 4619: 4618: 4617: 4610:Horn of Africa 4606: 4604: 4600: 4599: 4597: 4596: 4594:Gulf of Guinea 4591: 4590: 4589: 4584: 4583: 4582: 4580:Lake Nicaragua 4572: 4561: 4559: 4557:Atlantic World 4550: 4546: 4545: 4543: 4542: 4537: 4532: 4527: 4522: 4517: 4512: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4486: 4485: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4463:Jewish pirates 4460: 4455: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4435: 4430: 4425: 4424: 4423: 4413: 4408: 4403: 4397: 4395: 4391: 4390: 4388: 4387: 4386: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4365: 4360: 4354: 4352: 4346: 4345: 4338: 4337: 4330: 4323: 4315: 4306: 4305: 4291: 4288: 4287: 4285: 4284: 4278: 4276: 4272: 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2958: 2956:Norman Gardens 2953: 2948: 2943: 2938: 2933: 2928: 2923: 2918: 2913: 2908: 2903: 2898: 2893: 2888: 2883: 2881:Manley Meadows 2878: 2873: 2868: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2848: 2843: 2838: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2818: 2816:Greenwich Town 2813: 2808: 2803: 2798: 2796:Fletchers Land 2793: 2791:Elleston Flats 2788: 2783: 2778: 2773: 2768: 2763: 2758: 2753: 2748: 2746:Cherry Gardens 2743: 2738: 2733: 2728: 2723: 2718: 2713: 2707: 2705: 2694: 2693:Neighbourhoods 2690: 2689: 2687: 2686: 2681: 2676: 2671: 2666: 2661: 2656: 2651: 2646: 2641: 2636: 2631: 2626: 2621: 2616: 2611: 2606: 2601: 2596: 2591: 2586: 2581: 2576: 2571: 2566: 2561: 2556: 2551: 2546: 2541: 2536: 2531: 2526: 2521: 2516: 2511: 2506: 2504:Clarendon Park 2501: 2496: 2491: 2486: 2481: 2476: 2471: 2466: 2461: 2456: 2451: 2445: 2443: 2439: 2438: 2436: 2435: 2430: 2425: 2420: 2415: 2410: 2405: 2400: 2395: 2390: 2385: 2380: 2375: 2373:Savanna-la-Mar 2370: 2365: 2360: 2355: 2350: 2345: 2340: 2335: 2330: 2325: 2320: 2315: 2310: 2305: 2300: 2298:Osbourne Store 2295: 2290: 2285: 2280: 2275: 2270: 2265: 2260: 2255: 2250: 2245: 2240: 2235: 2230: 2225: 2220: 2215: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2195: 2190: 2185: 2180: 2175: 2170: 2165: 2160: 2155: 2150: 2145: 2140: 2135: 2130: 2125: 2120: 2115: 2110: 2105: 2100: 2095: 2090: 2085: 2080: 2075: 2070: 2065: 2060: 2055: 2050: 2045: 2040: 2035: 2030: 2025: 2020: 2015: 2010: 2005: 2000: 1995: 1990: 1985: 1980: 1975: 1970: 1965: 1963:Alligator Pond 1960: 1955: 1950: 1944: 1942: 1938: 1937: 1935: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1918: 1916: 1912: 1911: 1902: 1899: 1898: 1891: 1890: 1883: 1876: 1868: 1862: 1861: 1848: 1835: 1822: 1806: 1792: 1783:ShawnBrown.com 1774: 1756: 1755:External links 1753: 1750: 1749: 1737: 1714:March, James. 1706: 1673: 1655: 1615: 1595: 1576: 1546: 1527:(2): 391–422. 1506: 1491: 1461: 1431: 1416: 1386: 1356: 1326: 1306: 1286: 1260: 1241:Cindy Vallar. 1233: 1226: 1208: 1189: 1162: 1149: 1131: 1110: 1090: 1068: 1049: 1043:. p. 26. 1017: 991: 954: 953: 951: 948: 858: 855: 747:Main article: 744: 741: 721:War Department 649:made use of a 631: 630:The Royal Navy 628: 575:drinking house 559:New Providence 514:Charles Leslie 464:Nuala Zahedieh 425:Edward D'Oyley 359:shipping lanes 338: 335: 294: 291: 262: 259: 243: 240: 158: 157: 154: 150: 149: 146: 142: 141: 136: 130: 129: 124: 120: 119: 85: 84: 75: 74: 67: 66: 60: 59: 58: 57: 54: 53: 50: 42: 41: 38: 35: 34: 31: 24: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6819: 6808: 6805: 6803: 6800: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6785: 6783: 6780: 6778: 6775: 6773: 6770: 6768: 6765: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6755: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6739: 6737: 6722: 6714: 6712: 6711: 6700: 6699: 6696: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6658: 6656: 6653: 6652: 6650: 6646: 6640: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6627: 6625: 6622: 6620: 6617: 6615: 6612: 6611: 6609: 6605: 6602: 6598: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6584: 6582: 6579: 6578: 6575: 6572: 6570: 6567: 6563: 6560: 6559: 6558: 6557: 6553: 6552: 6550: 6548:Miscellaneous 6546: 6536: 6533: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6518: 6517: 6515: 6513:Miscellaneous 6511: 6505: 6502: 6500: 6497: 6495: 6494:Pirate utopia 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6470: 6467: 6465: 6462: 6458: 6455: 6454: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6434: 6432: 6428: 6422: 6421: 6417: 6415: 6414: 6410: 6408: 6407: 6403: 6401: 6400: 6396: 6394: 6393: 6389: 6387: 6386: 6382: 6380: 6379: 6375: 6373: 6372: 6368: 6366: 6365: 6361: 6359: 6358: 6354: 6352: 6351: 6347: 6345: 6344: 6340: 6338: 6337: 6333: 6332: 6330: 6326: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6214:Elaine Marley 6212: 6210: 6209:Edward Kenway 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6169:Captain Flint 6167: 6165: 6164:Captain Crook 6162: 6160: 6159:Captain Blood 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6136: 6134: 6132: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6115: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6098: 6093: 6091: 6090: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6066: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6051: 6049: 6047: 6043: 6038: 6035: 6032: 6028: 6024: 6020: 6016: 6012: 6008: 6005: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5990: 5987: 5983: 5982:Acts of grace 5980: 5978: 5974: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5936: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5920: 5917: 5915: 5912: 5910: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5893: 5889: 5887: 5885: 5880: 5878: 5876: 5875:Orkim Harmony 5871: 5869: 5867: 5862: 5860: 5858: 5854: 5852: 5849: 5847: 5845: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5827: 5823: 5821: 5819: 5818:Carré d'As IV 5815: 5813: 5812: 5807: 5805: 5804: 5799: 5797: 5796: 5791: 5789: 5786: 5784: 5783: 5782:Ambrose Light 5778: 5776: 5773: 5771: 5768: 5766: 5764: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5743: 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4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4965:Francis Drake 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4921: 4920:Dominique You 4918: 4916: 4913: 4911: 4908: 4906: 4903: 4901: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4875:Charles Gibbs 4873: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4770:Abduwali Muse 4768: 4767: 4765: 4761: 4758: 4756:Major figures 4754: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4693:Barataria Bay 4691: 4690: 4688: 4684: 4683:Pirate havens 4680: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4658:Barbary Coast 4656: 4654: 4651: 4650: 4648: 4644: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4620: 4616: 4613: 4612: 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2922: 2919: 2917: 2914: 2912: 2909: 2907: 2904: 2902: 2899: 2897: 2894: 2892: 2889: 2887: 2886:Mannings Hill 2884: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2872: 2869: 2867: 2864: 2862: 2859: 2857: 2854: 2852: 2849: 2847: 2844: 2842: 2841:Hope Pastures 2839: 2837: 2834: 2832: 2829: 2827: 2824: 2822: 2821:Half Way Tree 2819: 2817: 2814: 2812: 2809: 2807: 2804: 2802: 2799: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2786:Eastwood Park 2784: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2772: 2771:Delacree Park 2769: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2752: 2749: 2747: 2744: 2742: 2741:Cassava Piece 2739: 2737: 2734: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2726:Beverly Hills 2724: 2722: 2719: 2717: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2708: 2706: 2698: 2695: 2691: 2685: 2682: 2680: 2677: 2675: 2672: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2662: 2660: 2657: 2655: 2652: 2650: 2647: 2645: 2644:Port Esquivel 2642: 2640: 2637: 2635: 2632: 2630: 2627: 2625: 2622: 2620: 2617: 2615: 2612: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2595: 2592: 2590: 2587: 2585: 2582: 2580: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2570: 2567: 2565: 2562: 2560: 2557: 2555: 2552: 2550: 2547: 2545: 2544:Hopewell Hall 2542: 2540: 2537: 2535: 2532: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2505: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2495: 2492: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2482: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2464:Barking Lodge 2462: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2454:Aeolus Valley 2452: 2450: 2447: 2446: 2444: 2440: 2434: 2431: 2429: 2428:Williamsfield 2426: 2424: 2421: 2419: 2416: 2414: 2413:Ulster Spring 2411: 2409: 2408:Trinity Ville 2406: 2404: 2401: 2399: 2396: 2394: 2391: 2389: 2386: 2384: 2381: 2379: 2376: 2374: 2371: 2369: 2366: 2364: 2361: 2359: 2356: 2354: 2351: 2349: 2346: 2344: 2341: 2339: 2336: 2334: 2331: 2329: 2326: 2324: 2321: 2319: 2316: 2314: 2311: 2309: 2306: 2304: 2301: 2299: 2296: 2294: 2291: 2289: 2286: 2284: 2281: 2279: 2276: 2274: 2271: 2269: 2266: 2264: 2261: 2259: 2256: 2254: 2251: 2249: 2246: 2244: 2241: 2239: 2236: 2234: 2231: 2229: 2226: 2224: 2221: 2219: 2216: 2214: 2211: 2209: 2206: 2204: 2201: 2199: 2198:Little London 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Sun 1684: 1677: 1669: 1665: 1659: 1640: 1636: 1629: 1622: 1620: 1612: 1608: 1605: 1599: 1591: 1587: 1580: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1550: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1515: 1513: 1511: 1502: 1495: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1465: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1435: 1427: 1420: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1390: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1360: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1330: 1322: 1321: 1316: 1310: 1302: 1295: 1293: 1291: 1274: 1270: 1264: 1248: 1244: 1237: 1229: 1223: 1219: 1212: 1196: 1192: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1177: 1172: 1166: 1159: 1153: 1146: 1140: 1138: 1136: 1127: 1121: 1119: 1117: 1115: 1107: 1101: 1099: 1097: 1095: 1087: 1083: 1077: 1075: 1073: 1056: 1052: 1046: 1042: 1035: 1034: 1026: 1024: 1022: 1005: 1001: 995: 979: 975: 974: 969: 962: 960: 955: 947: 944: 936: 931: 929: 924: 919: 917: 913: 909: 905: 901: 896: 893: 888: 885: 880: 876: 874: 867: 863: 854: 852: 847: 843: 837: 835: 831: 826: 822: 819: 814: 810: 807: 802: 800: 790: 776: 772: 764: 755: 750: 740: 738: 737:torpedo boats 733: 729: 724: 722: 718: 714: 709: 708:coaling depot 705: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 680: 678: 674: 670: 666: 663:, workshops, 662: 657: 652: 648: 641: 636: 627: 625: 621: 617: 613: 608: 604: 599: 597: 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 560: 556: 552: 546: 542: 540: 533: 531: 527: 523: 517: 515: 511: 507: 503: 502:pirate utopia 495: 491: 488: 483: 479: 475: 473: 469: 465: 461: 457: 454: 450: 445: 443: 440: 435: 430: 426: 421: 419: 415: 411: 407: 403: 399: 395: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 364: 360: 356: 352: 343: 334: 332: 328: 324: 320: 316: 311: 309: 304: 300: 290: 288: 284: 280: 272: 267: 258: 256: 253: 249: 239: 235: 233: 228: 224: 220: 215: 211: 206: 204: 200: 196: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 155: 151: 147: 143: 140: 137: 135: 131: 128: 125: 121: 116: 88:Coordinates: 86: 64: 55: 48: 43: 36: 29: 23: 19: 6787:Privateering 6701: 6574:Pirate Round 6554: 6525:Space pirate 6499:Treasure map 6418: 6411: 6404: 6397: 6390: 6383: 6376: 6369: 6362: 6355: 6348: 6341: 6334: 6289:Roronoa Zoro 6239:Jack Sparrow 6179:Captain Nemo 6174:Captain Hook 6096: 6088: 6064: 5934: 5891: 5883: 5874: 5865: 5856: 5843: 5826:Dai Hong Dan 5825: 5817: 5810: 5802: 5794: 5781: 5762: 5581: 5576:Whydah Gally 5574: 5567: 5560: 5553: 5546: 5539: 5532: 5527:Ganj-i-Sawai 5525: 5518: 5511: 5504: 5497: 5491:Pirate ships 5443:Luis Fajardo 5428:James Brooke 5418:David Porter 5390:Zheng Yi Sao 5365:William Kidd 5320:Stede Bonnet 5305:Shap-ng-tsai 5285:Samuel Mason 5205:Peter Easton 5155:Mary Lindsey 5105:Lai Choi San 5095:Joseph Barss 5090:Joseph Baker 5060:John Hawkins 5055:Johanna Hård 5045:Jean Lafitte 5040:Jan Janszoon 5030:Israel Hands 5010:Henry Morgan 5000:Henri Caesar 4915:Dirk Chivers 4850:Black Caesar 4775:Abshir Boyah 4717: 4646:Other waters 4627:Persian Gulf 4615:Somali Coast 4603:Indian Ocean 4575:Spanish Main 4490:River pirate 4468:Moro pirates 4443:Child pirate 4368:21st century 4292: 4249:Westmoreland 4108:Fort Haldane 4103:Firefly Hill 3899:St Elizabeth 3808:St Catherine 3779:Moneague Inn 3708:Oakton House 3613:“Regardless” 3378:Ward Theatre 3357: 3323:Fort Charles 2995: 2981:Patrick City 2941:Newport West 2936:New Kingston 2916:Mona Heights 2831:Harbour View 2781:Duhaney Park 2524:Haddersfield 2393:Spanish Town 2378:Seaford Town 2313:Port Antonio 2203:Lluidas Vale 2143:Green Island 2128:Golden Grove 2068:Croft's Hill 2058:Clark's Town 2023:Bull Savanna 2013:Brown's Town 1859:. p. 2. 1856: 1843: 1830: 1818:the original 1813: 1800: 1787:the original 1782: 1770:the original 1765: 1740: 1728:. 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Retrieved 971: 932: 920: 900:shipbuilding 889: 881: 877: 870: 838: 833: 827: 823: 815: 811: 803: 799:Fort Charles 795: 792:The fortress 769: 730:, others by 725: 692:Port Admiral 681: 656:Port Antonio 644: 616:Charles Vane 603:Henry Morgan 600: 566: 555:Edward Teach 548: 544: 535: 519: 498: 476: 472:Henry Morgan 462: 458: 447:The English 446: 432: 427:invited the 422: 398:Henry Morgan 383:Spanish Main 375:trade routes 361:to and from 351:safe harbour 348: 337:Privateering 327:Spanish Town 318: 312: 308:trade routes 296: 293:Colonisation 286: 282: 276: 254: 245: 236: 207: 162: 161: 22: 6489:Pirate code 6464:Keelhauling 6452:Jolly Roger 6314:Will Turner 6249:José Gaspar 6149:Barbe Rouge 6046:Slave trade 5300:Sister Ping 5230:Rachel Wall 5025:Huang Bamei 5005:Henry Every 4960:Fūma Kotarō 4955:Flying Gang 4870:Calico Jack 4860:Bully Hayes 4663:Falcon Lake 4637:Nosy Boraha 4495:Sea Beggars 4483:Confederate 4453:Filibusters 4164:Orange Park 3835:Flat Bridge 3643:Devon House 3572:Fort George 3531:NCU Siberia 3085:Trench Town 2896:Meadowbrook 2856:Jack's Hill 2846:Hope Tavern 2826:Hannah Town 2776:Denham Town 2766:Cross Roads 2711:Allman Town 2649:Port Morant 2639:Paynes Town 2609:New Holland 2519:Duckenfield 2459:Airy Castle 2423:White House 2353:Runaway Bay 2348:Rocky Point 2328:Race Course 2303:Petersfield 2283:Old Harbour 2238:Maroon Town 2228:Manchioneal 2193:Lionel Town 2138:Grange Hill 2133:Gordon Town 2038:Cave Valley 1998:Black River 1993:Bethel Town 1973:Annotto Bay 1953:Albert Town 1948:Above Rocks 1927:Montego Bay 1857:Cracked.com 1844:Cracked.com 1730:10 November 1569:10 November 1454:10 November 1409:10 November 1379:10 November 1349:10 November 1037:(Softcover) 923:Robert Marx 873:Giddy House 866:Giddy House 783: 1820 696:watch tower 640:Edward Holl 620:Calico Jack 565:aboard HMS 510:prostitutes 494:Calico Jack 451:were given 437: [ 357:plying the 110: / 6742:Port Royal 6736:Categories 6648:Categories 6624:Privateers 6586:Matelotage 6520:Air pirate 6484:Pet parrot 6336:The Pirate 6284:Nico Robin 6204:Davy Jones 6144:Tom Ayrton 6118:Pirates in 6007:Piracy Act 5976:Piracy law 5892:North Star 5555:My Revenge 5408:Angelo Emo 5370:Zheng Jing 5335:Thomas Tew 5130:Lo Hon-cho 4950:Flora Burn 4930:Edward Low 4900:Dan Seavey 4895:Chui A-poo 4855:Blackbeard 4800:Anne Bonny 4738:Saint-Malo 4718:Port Royal 4703:Libertatia 4515:Ushkuyniks 4478:Privateers 4473:Narentines 4433:Buccaneers 4363:Golden Age 4282:Pedro Bank 4275:Underwater 3728:UWI Chapel 3521:NCU Chapel 3484:Manchester 3373:Palisadoes 3358:Port Royal 3070:Three Mile 3065:Stony Hill 3055:South Side 3006:Queensbury 2996:Port Royal 2861:Jones Town 2811:Grants Pen 2736:Camperdown 2679:White Hall 2674:Sligoville 2659:Roxborough 2614:New Market 2604:Nanny Town 2599:Montpelier 2589:Mavis Bank 2529:Hagley Gap 2514:Cotterwood 2403:Stonehenge 2398:Southfield 2368:Santa Cruz 2343:Riversdale 2318:Port Maria 2308:Point Hill 2293:Oracabessa 2263:Morant Bay 2258:Moore Town 2243:Mavis Bank 2233:Mandeville 2213:Lucky Hill 2148:Guy's Hill 2108:Frankfield 2063:Coleyville 2048:Christiana 2003:Bluefields 1958:Alexandria 1699:August 20, 1592:: 843–873. 1399:Jis.gov.jm 1190:1455600148 950:References 912:Royal Navy 842:hurricanes 700:privateers 661:cooperages 647:Royal Navy 601:Following 583:goldsmiths 563:Royal Navy 551:Blackbeard 449:privateers 434:boucaniers 414:John Davis 402:Portobello 371:Buccaneers 323:earthquake 232:Madagascar 210:privateers 171:Palisadoes 163:Port Royal 98:76°50′28″W 95:17°56′15″N 76:Port Royal 32:Port Royal 6469:Marooning 6097:Brillante 5886:hijacking 5877:hijacking 5868:hijacking 5859:hijacking 5160:Mary Read 5065:John Hoar 4935:Eli Boggs 4905:Diabolito 4686:and bases 4622:Indonesia 4587:Venezuela 4565:Caribbean 4174:Stony Gut 4137:St Thomas 3931:MC Chapel 3693:MC Chapel 3668:JC Chapel 3606:St Andrew 3436:Sam Sharp 3392:Monuments 3306:Buildings 3212:Clarendon 3050:Six Miles 3016:Red Hills 2931:New Haven 2851:Hughenden 2836:Havendale 2806:Four Mile 2704:St Andrew 2684:Wood Hall 2629:Nine Mile 2624:Newcastle 2619:New Roads 2584:Long Wood 2484:Broughton 2469:Big Woods 2449:Accompong 2418:Wakefield 2363:Sandy Bay 2338:Rio Bueno 2278:Ocho Rios 2173:Islington 2093:Easington 2078:Darliston 2053:Claremont 2043:Chapelton 2028:Cambridge 1978:Balaclava 1541:143938077 1201:5 January 1084:(London: 1061:5 January 928:Guatemala 853:in 1850. 758:survived. 688:Caribbean 651:careening 624:Mary Read 612:execution 596:bartering 591:merchants 406:Maracaibo 187:Caribbean 153:Destroyed 6721:Category 6447:Eyepatch 6319:Zanzibar 6294:Sandokan 6274:Mr. Smee 6139:Askeladd 6067:Incident 5937:incident 5846:incident 5828:incident 5820:incident 5765:incident 5380:Zheng Yi 5375:Zheng Qi 5355:Wang Zhi 5235:Redbeard 5125:Limahong 5075:John Pro 4980:Gan Ning 4865:Cai Qian 4673:Sulu Sea 4500:Sea Dogs 4183:Trelawny 3970:St James 3545:Portland 3406:Cenotaph 3299:Kingston 3290:Blenheim 3026:Rockfort 3011:Rae Town 2961:Oaklands 2951:Norbrook 2891:Maxfield 2876:Liguanea 2721:Barbican 2700:Kingston 2634:Old Pera 2489:Bull Bay 2479:Boscobel 2442:Villages 2383:Seaforth 2333:Richmond 2253:Moneague 2218:Maggotty 2188:Linstead 2163:Hope Bay 2158:Highgate 2103:Falmouth 2018:Buff Bay 2008:Bog Walk 1932:Portmore 1922:Kingston 1724:Archived 1639:Archived 1607:Archived 1563:Archived 1484:April 9, 1448:Archived 1403:Archived 1373:Archived 1369:Jnht.com 1343:Archived 1339:Jnht.com 1247:Archived 1195:Archived 1173:(2005). 1088:, 1975). 1055:Archived 1010:30 March 1004:Archived 978:Archived 973:BBC News 904:dioramas 677:Kingston 587:artisans 526:strumpet 331:Kingston 199:Kingston 139:Kingston 6685:Pirates 6614:Pirates 6122:culture 6120:popular 6065:Amistad 5866:Zafirah 5569:Saladin 5401:hunters 5190:Ng Akew 4790:Alfhild 4763:Pirates 4743:Tortuga 4525:Vikings 4421:Algiers 4350:Periods 4091:St Mary 3248:Hanover 3060:St Mary 2871:Kintyre 2716:Arcadia 2664:San San 2654:Revival 2539:Hopeton 2433:Yallahs 2248:May Pen 2223:Malvern 2183:Lacovia 2178:Kellits 2098:Ewarton 2088:Duncans 2033:Cascade 1968:Anchovy 1720:Bbc.com 984:21 June 910:of the 908:Admiral 851:cholera 818:liquefy 806:tsunami 665:sawpits 579:taverns 567:Windsor 512:. When 379:straits 355:pirates 287:Caguaya 261:History 242:Climate 219:taverns 214:Spanish 195:tsunami 183:Spanish 179:Jamaica 145:Founded 127:Jamaica 123:Country 6675:Piracy 6581:Mutiny 6479:Pegleg 6430:Tropes 6328:Novels 6224:Franky 5894:affair 5458:Pompey 5399:Pirate 5340:Veborg 4825:Awilda 4713:Mamora 4520:Uskoks 4342:Piracy 3769:Iolaus 3742:St Ann 2971:Papine 2579:Kendal 2534:Hodges 2494:Carmel 2388:Siloah 2273:Negril 2073:Dalvey 1983:Bamboo 1915:Cities 1539: 1279:4 July 1224: 1187: 1047: 607:slaves 487:pirate 404:, and 387:careen 367:Panama 319:Cagway 283:Caguay 227:pirate 134:Parish 6607:Lists 6309:Usopp 6299:Sanji 5935:Quest 5844:Irene 5803:Fancy 5795:Bravo 5513:Fancy 5325:Teuta 5265:Rusla 4708:Lundy 4549:Areas 4535:Wokou 2323:Porus 2208:Lucea 2153:Hayes 2123:Gayle 2118:Frome 1941:Towns 1642:(PDF) 1631:(PDF) 1537:S2CID 832:show 506:Sodom 441:] 363:Spain 279:Taino 165:is a 6600:Meta 6279:Nami 6031:1850 6027:1837 6023:1721 6019:1717 6015:1698 6011:1536 5811:Anne 5583:York 4910:Dido 4383:2024 4378:2023 4373:2022 2911:Mona 2268:Nain 1988:Bath 1732:2021 1701:2007 1650:2008 1571:2021 1486:2008 1456:2021 1411:2021 1381:2021 1351:2021 1281:2015 1255:2008 1222:ISBN 1203:2016 1185:ISBN 1063:2016 1045:ISBN 1012:2019 986:2018 618:and 589:and 530:pipe 490:flag 416:and 396:and 365:and 277:The 167:town 156:1692 148:1494 39:City 5882:MV 5873:MT 5864:MT 2702:and 2474:Bog 1590:132 1529:doi 943:BBC 723:). 285:or 6738:: 6029:, 6025:, 6021:, 6017:, 6013:, 3028:/ 1855:. 1842:. 1829:. 1812:. 1799:. 1781:. 1764:. 1722:. 1718:. 1685:. 1633:. 1618:^ 1588:. 1561:. 1557:. 1535:. 1523:. 1509:^ 1472:. 1446:. 1442:. 1401:. 1397:. 1371:. 1367:. 1341:. 1337:. 1317:. 1289:^ 1193:. 1183:. 1179:. 1134:^ 1113:^ 1093:^ 1071:^ 1053:. 1020:^ 976:. 970:. 958:^ 918:. 780:c. 439:fr 412:, 369:. 255:Aw 205:. 6033:) 6009:( 5988:) 5984:( 4334:e 4327:t 4320:v 3185:e 3178:t 3171:v 1908:. 1887:e 1880:t 1873:v 1846:. 1833:. 1803:. 1734:. 1703:. 1652:. 1573:. 1543:. 1531:: 1525:6 1503:. 1488:. 1458:. 1413:. 1383:. 1353:. 1283:. 1257:. 1230:. 1205:. 1065:. 1014:. 988:. 939:' 553:( 250:( 20:.

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