313:. Technically the Registrar General makes a correction to the entry. A correction can be recorded where a birth has been registered in Scotland, or where a person is the subject in Scotland of an entry in the Adopted Children Register, the Parental Order Register or the Gender Recognition Register. The above formalities are not necessary where a spouse/partner assumes the other spouse/partner's surname upon marriage or civil partnership, or reverts to their original name upon separation, divorce or dissolution of the civil partnership.
237:
also be changed to their natural, foster or adoptive parent's last name. Transgender people may change their first names. Foreign names in writing systems that are not based on Latin are transliterated according to rules which may conflict with the system of transcribing or transliterating names that is used in the country of origin. Former titles of nobility became integrated into the last names in 1919 but continue to be adapted according to gender and other circumstances.
25:
118:. The legal name may need to be used on various government issued documents (e.g., a court order). The term is also used when an individual changes their name, typically after reaching a certain legal age (usually eighteen or over, though it can be as low as fourteen in several European nations). A person's legal name typically is the same as their
301:. Changes may also be made by means of a Royal Licence obtained through the College of Arms, with similar notice. These enrolment, licence and notice procedures are useful for having the new name appear in official documents; these procedures are therefore less likely to be useful for trans people or victims of abuse.
245:
In the UK, businesses that trade under names other than those of the owner or a corporate entity must display the name of owner and an address at which documents may be served, or the name and registered number of the corporate body and its registered address. The requirements apply to sole traders
236:
upon marriage, German citizens may only change their name for a recognised important reason. Among other reasons, a change of names is permitted when the name can give rise to confusion, ridicule, unusual orthographic difficulties, or stigmatization. In certain situations, children's last names may
223:
states that "Every person exercises his civil rights under the name assigned to him and stated in his act of birth," and spouses retain their legal names upon marriage. However, a woman married prior to April 2, 1981 is entitled to use her spouse's name in the exercise of her civil rights, provided
316:
Only one change of name is allowed in the register where a person has not yet reached the age of 16, and afterwards only one change of forename and three changes of surname may be granted during a person's lifetime, provided that at least five years have passed between changes of surname. Name
387:
for non-fraudulent purposes. This is actually the most common method, since most women who marry do not petition a court under the statutorily prescribed method, but simply use a new name (typically the husband's, a custom which started under the theory of
249:
The information must be shown on any trading premises where the public have access to trade and in documents such as order forms, receipts and, as of
January 2007, corporate websites (to be extended later in 2007 to sole trader websites).
412:
couple refused to give their newborn a legal name, in protest of existing naming laws. In 1996, they were fined for not registering a name for their child for five years, after they unsuccessfully tried to register the child's name as
360:
a child's birth registration can be re-registered where its parents have subsequently married, or where a father that had not previously been identified is subsequently entered (whether by declaration, agreement or court
224:
that they were doing so at that date. A person's legal name can be changed, upon registration, only under prescribed conditions, and only where the person has been domiciled in Quebec for at least one year.
399:
have held that a legally assumed name (i.e., for a non-fraudulent purpose) is a legal name and usable as their true name, though assumed names are often not considered the person's technically true name.
367:
a person aged 18 or over may apply to register one change of forename and three changes of surname during that person's lifetime, provided that at least five years have passed between changes of surname.
92:
that identifies a person for legal, administrative and other official purposes. A person's legal birth name generally is the name of the person that was given for the purpose of
364:
a child's name can be changed once, before the age of 18, upon application by the parents (or adoptive parents, or guardian where the parents are deceased, as the case may be);
2838:
266:, "Any one may take on himself whatever surname or as many surnames as he pleases, without statutory licence". This does not always seem to have applied to names given in
820:
309:
Scots law allows anyone who wishes to do so to change their forename(s) or surname and such changes may be recorded in the official register held by the
2287:
1955:
1878:
2167:
1699:
643:
130:. The order varies according to culture and country. There are also country-by-country differences on changes of legal names by marriage. (See
35:
1777:
136:.) Most countries require by law the registration of a name for newborn children, and some can refuse registration of "undesirable" names.
591:
2418:
280:, "a man may have divers names at divers times, but not divers Christian names." But in modern practice all names are freely changeable.
539:
1883:
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487:
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1083:
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is produced, containing a condition that the person concerned takes a name different from his or her registered name, or
2223:
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and partnerships, but there are special provisions for large partnerships where listing all partners would be onerous.
461:
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require the use of a legal name for all legal and administrative purposes, and some jurisdictions permit or require a
69:
794:
2833:
2709:
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617:
2625:
999:"Opinion: It could soon be harder to change your name â devastating for millions of women and victims of abuse"
566:"I always hated my first name and thought it was boring, but I didn't want to insult my parents by changing it"
2843:
2272:
2259:
1840:
725:
Quebec Min de
Justice: Accueil/Couple et famille/Mariage, union civile ou union de fait/Mariage/Nom des Ă©poux
669:
1024:
845:
A Dictionary of
American and English Law with Definitions of the Technical Terms of the Canon and Civil Laws
1976:
1603:
1555:
1223:
565:
310:
171:
people adopting a name that aligns with their gender identity. The usage of their previous name is called
2081:
1281:
512:
343:
an alternative forename or surname is used where the registered name is not in an
English-language form.
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618:"Indigenous people can now reclaim traditional names on their passports and other ID"
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16:
Name that identifies a person for legal, administrative and other official purposes
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2014:
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Anyone born or adopted in
Northern Ireland is able to change their name with the
292:
155:, which usually involves adopting their spouse's surname. Some couples choose to
47:
917:
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their name to be different from their birth name. Reasons for doing so include:
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165:, where the child's surname is changed to match that of their adoptive family.
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1056:"Leaflet RCN1: Recording changes of forename(s) and surname(s) in Scotland"
107:
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In
Germany, names are regulated to a large extent. Apart from possibly
182:
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1898:
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540:"Making a name for yourself: For trans people, it's 'life-changing'"
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where a woman lost her identity and most rights when she married).
371:
A deed poll can also be used in
Northern Ireland for this purpose.
162:
115:
670:"What's It Really Like in the Federal Witness Protection Program?"
2764:
2736:
2204:
1832:
1587:
1493:
1342:
1316:
1267:
821:"Der Ehe- und Lebenspartnerschaftsname in der notariellen Praxis"
267:
127:
1534:
2933:
2808:
1918:
1364:
592:"Many African American last names hold weight of Black history"
409:
2883:
2612:
2598:
2594:
1084:"Recording Changes of Forename(s) and Surname(s) in Scotland"
881:. Vol. 1 (19th ed.). Lib.1 Cap.1 Sect. 1, at 3.a.
89:
1191:
262: " surname, it is easily changed. In the words of
878:
The First Part of the
Institutes of the Laws of England
918:"Enrolment of Deeds (Change of Name) Regulations 1994"
258:
In strict
English law, if there is such a thing as a "
783:. Quebec: Directeur de l'Ă©tat civil. 1 December 2016.
1238:
2966:
321:a decree or certificate has been granted by the
842:
843:Rapalje, Stewart; Lawrence, Robert L. (1997).
641:
1224:
283:Changes of name are usually effected through
32:The examples and perspective in this article
379:Most states in the United States follow the
1120:General Register Office of Northern Ireland
1090:, National Records of Scotland, 31 May 2013
513:"Adoption Name Change: Factors to Consider"
415:Brfxxccxxmnpcccclllmmnprxvclmnckssqlbb11116
354:General Register Office of Northern Ireland
1231:
1217:
202:
939:
937:
825:Mitteilungen des Bayerischen Notarvereins
70:Learn how and when to remove this message
1106:
1104:
462:"Why do women still change their names?"
264:A dictionary of American and English law
2967:
1050:
1048:
1046:
934:
818:
644:"Adam Gadahn, Muhammad Ali, Malcolm X"
589:
563:
191:To signify their religious conversion.
1212:
1101:
851:: The Lawbook Exchange. p. 849.
642:Caplan-Bricker, Nora (29 June 2010).
537:
485:
106:), but may change subsequently. Most
1159:, 295 A.2d 223 (Md. Ct. App. 1972);
871:
615:
317:changes may also be recorded where:
287:, optionally enrolled either at the
253:
18:
1182:"Baby named Metallica rocks Sweden"
1043:
347:
13:
1143:, 527 S.W.2d 402 (Mo. App. 1975);
667:
590:Craven, Julia (24 February 2022).
459:
277:Institutes of the Lawes of England
14:
2991:
486:Weiss, Suzannah (11 March 2020).
240:
159:or choose a new surname entirely.
1879:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1167:, 593 F.2d 46 (6th Cir. 1979).
1025:"About registration in Scotland"
488:"Creating a Name for Themselves"
374:
356:in the following circumstances:
23:
1174:
1150:
1134:
1076:
1017:
991:
974:"Change your name by deed poll"
966:
910:
893:"Change your name by deed poll"
885:
875:(1832). Butler, Charles (ed.).
865:
836:
812:
787:
769:
753:
728:
719:
703:
687:
538:Stahl, Dan (6 September 2019).
1163:, 312 N.E.2d 857 (Ind. 1974);
1157:Stuart v. Board of Supervisors
1065:, National Records of Scotland
847:. Vol. 2 (3rd ed.).
661:
635:
609:
583:
564:Ridley, Jane (22 April 2024).
557:
531:
505:
479:
453:
194:A new identity resulting from
188:To reclaim a traditional name.
181:To remove associations with a
139:
1:
1147:, 226 N.W.2d 458 (Wis. 1975).
447:
1112:"Recording a change of name"
1029:National Records of Scotland
311:National Records of Scotland
295:, with a notice recorded in
96:and which then appears on a
7:
420:
304:
234:adopting the partner's name
185:imposed on their ancestors.
46:, discuss the issue on the
10:
2996:
2542:Imperial, royal, and noble
227:
157:blend their names together
2949:
2757:
2729:
2626:Imperial, royal and noble
2611:
2522:
2503:
2436:
2325:
2235:
2143:
2061:
2023:
2000:
1917:
1864:
1831:
1746:
1713:
1630:
1619:
1514:
1444:
1325:
1299:
1250:
819:Seeger, Bernhard (2002),
403:
212:
207:
94:registration of the birth
1467:Maiden and married names
1171:10 U.S.C. § 1551 (2006).
2954:Category:Lists of names
616:Reynolds, Christopher.
203:Jurisdiction by country
1884:Eritrean and Ethiopian
949:college-of-arms.gov.uk
328:a certified copy of a
323:Lord Lyon King of Arms
178:Dislike of birth name.
2814:GaltonâWatson process
2419:Ancient Tamil country
1841:Australian Aboriginal
1088:www.nrscotland.gov.uk
1063:www.nrscotland.gov.uk
928:The National Archives
799:citoyens.soquij.qc.ca
289:High Court of Justice
2581:Post-nominal letters
1700:Indigenous Taiwanese
1165:United States v. Cox
781:etatcivil.gouv.qc.ca
220:Civil Code of Quebec
144:Some people legally
52:create a new article
44:improve this article
34:may not represent a
2941:Surnames by country
2566:Pre-nominal letters
1623:Surnames by country
417:, and then as "A".
2804:Endonym and exonym
2747:Calendar of saints
2730:Related traditions
2504:Manners of address
1866:Sub-Saharan Africa
1287:Nobiliary particle
923:legislation.gov.uk
519:. 26 November 2019
492:The New York Times
298:The London Gazette
196:witness protection
114:to be recorded at
2962:
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2890:Personal identity
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1986:
1979:
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1445:By life situation
1398:
1122:. 26 October 2015
1005:. 24 January 2021
945:"Changes of name"
858:978-1-886363-33-5
849:Clark, New Jersey
254:England and Wales
98:birth certificate
80:
79:
72:
54:, as appropriate.
2987:
2775:Anthropomorphism
2520:
2519:
2468:Buddhist surname
2369:
2278:
2271:
2264:
2224:Hispanic America
2222:
2203:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2130:
2101:
2094:
2089:African-American
2087:
2080:
1998:
1997:
1982:
1975:
1946:Ashkenazi Jewish
1751:and Western Asia
1716:and Central Asia
1670:
1663:
1656:
1649:
1628:
1627:
1489:Placeholder name
1394:
1338:Double-barrelled
1233:
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832:
831:on 20 March 2012
827:, archived from
816:
810:
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777:"Change of name"
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517:Adoption Network
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348:Northern Ireland
75:
68:
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55:
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2780:Personification
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2495:Theophoric name
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2019:
1996:
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1477:Posthumous name
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1207:
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1180:
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1116:nidirect.gov.uk
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736:"Nom des Ă©poux"
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729:
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678:
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668:Little, Becky.
666:
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460:Savage, Maddy.
458:
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293:College of Arms
272:Sir Edward Coke
256:
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122:, comprising a
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2336:Southeast Asia
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1240:Personal names
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1194:. 4 April 2007
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383:which permits
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270:. As noted by
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38:of the subject
36:worldwide view
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2016:
2013:
2011:
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1977:Ancient Greek
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1923:North America
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1714:Northern Asia
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1564:Nom de guerre
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1251:Personal name
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1193:
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1162:
1161:In re Hauptly
1158:
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740:www.quebec.ca
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427:Courtesy name
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385:name changing
382:
375:United States
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338:deed of trust
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120:personal name
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108:jurisdictions
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91:
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82:
74:
71:
63:
53:
49:
45:
39:
37:
30:
21:
20:
2929:Signum manus
2917:Royal cypher
2882:
2867:Nomen nescio
2865:
2861:Nomenclature
2856:Naming taboo
2818:
2668:Professional
2511:of authority
2461:Saint's name
2126:Scandinavian
1748:Muslim world
1586:
1562:
1533:
1385:Occupational
1244:anthroponymy
1196:. Retrieved
1185:
1176:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1145:In re Kruzel
1144:
1141:In re Natale
1140:
1136:
1124:. Retrieved
1115:
1092:, retrieved
1087:
1078:
1067:, retrieved
1062:
1033:. Retrieved
1028:
1019:
1007:. Retrieved
1002:
993:
981:. Retrieved
977:
968:
956:. Retrieved
948:
921:
912:
900:. Retrieved
896:
887:
877:
873:Coke, Edward
867:
844:
838:
829:the original
824:
814:
802:. Retrieved
798:
789:
780:
771:
762:
755:
743:. Retrieved
739:
730:
721:
712:
705:
696:
689:
677:. Retrieved
673:
663:
651:. Retrieved
647:
637:
625:. Retrieved
621:
611:
599:. Retrieved
595:
585:
573:. Retrieved
569:
559:
547:. Retrieved
543:
533:
521:. Retrieved
516:
507:
495:. Retrieved
491:
481:
469:. Retrieved
465:
455:
407:
397:state courts
394:
378:
370:
351:
315:
308:
296:
282:
275:
263:
259:
257:
248:
244:
231:
218:
216:
143:
133:married name
131:
101:
85:
83:
81:
66:
60:October 2020
57:
33:
2975:Human names
2902:Proper name
2824:Name change
2678:Educational
2656:Substantive
2595:decorations
2478:Jewish name
2473:Dharma name
2438:By religion
2103:Hongkongese
1928:Australasia
1768:Azerbaijani
1501:Regnal name
1482:Temple name
1312:Middle name
1300:By sequence
1277:Matrilineal
1273:Patrilineal
570:Yahoo News!
408:In 1991, a
169:Transgender
140:Name change
112:name change
2969:Categories
2895:Identifier
2878:Onomastics
2819:Legal name
2799:Deadnaming
2695:Diplomatic
2651:Subsidiary
2646:Hereditary
2537:Diplomatic
2456:Papal name
2365:Indonesian
2331:South Asia
2327:Indosphere
2293:Macedonian
2266:Belarusian
2173:Portuguese
2015:Lithuanian
1909:Zimbabwean
1705:Vietnamese
1665:Generation
1632:East Asian
1620:By culture
1594:Stage name
1551:Hypocorism
1516:Pseudonyms
1506:Slave name
1457:Birth name
1409:Teknonymic
1390:Patronymic
1370:Matronymic
1333:Diminutive
1307:First name
1263:Given name
1258:Birth name
1198:3 February
795:"DĂ©cision"
448:References
442:Stage name
381:common law
334:settlement
291:or at the
183:slave name
173:deadnaming
124:given name
103:birth name
86:legal name
2907:Signature
2794:Call sign
2770:Anonymity
2705:Religious
2631:Chivalric
2552:Religious
2547:Judiciary
2532:Honorific
2515:of honour
2414:Sinhalese
2404:Pakistani
2389:Malaysian
2384:Cambodian
2288:Kashubian
2280:Ukrainian
2245:Bulgarian
2184:Praenomen
2121:Icelandic
1992:Hungarian
1793:Pakistani
1728:Mongolian
1582:Ring name
1575:Heteronym
1541:Nicknames
1462:Code name
1414:Toponymic
1404:Sobriquet
1380:Mononymic
1375:Metonymic
1317:Last name
804:6 October
432:Pseudonym
390:coverture
285:deed poll
48:talk page
2924:Khelrtva
2912:Monogram
2873:Misnomer
2851:Namesake
2785:National
2742:Name day
2700:Judicial
2690:Business
2683:Honorary
2673:Academic
2663:Military
2636:Courtesy
2621:Academic
2586:Academic
2576:Emeritus
2379:Javanese
2360:Filipino
2345:Balinese
2313:Suffixes
2250:Croatian
2213:Romanian
2198:Cognomen
2096:Canadian
2082:American
2063:Germanic
2048:Scottish
1966:Georgian
1956:Estonian
1941:Armenian
1936:Albanian
1894:Ghanaian
1851:Hawaiian
1788:Mandaean
1695:Okinawan
1680:Japanese
1651:Courtesy
1611:Username
1604:Mononyms
1570:Pen name
1556:Monarchs
1529:Art name
1472:Necronym
1452:Aptronym
1365:Eponymic
1326:By trait
1187:BBC News
1169:See also
1126:17 April
1094:16 April
1069:16 April
983:12 April
958:17 April
902:12 April
710:Art. 393
622:CBC News
596:NBC News
544:NBC News
466:BBC News
437:Pen name
421:See also
305:Scotland
163:Adoption
153:Marriage
116:marriage
42:You may
2844:Surname
2765:Acronym
2758:Related
2737:Baptism
2371:Chinese
2355:Burmese
2350:Bengali
2303:Serbian
2273:Russian
2218:Spanish
2205:Agnomen
2168:Occitan
2163:Italian
2153:Catalan
2145:Romance
2132:Swedish
2076:English
2033:Cornish
2010:Latvian
1984:Cypriot
1961:Finnish
1874:Ashanti
1833:Oceania
1823:Turkish
1803:Persian
1798:Pashtun
1773:Bengali
1738:Tibetan
1645:Chinese
1588:Shikona
1494:Notname
1426:Patrial
1419:Surname
1396:Surname
1343:Epithet
1282:Affixes
1268:Surname
1035:21 July
760:Art. 57
674:A&E
497:3 March
410:Swedish
361:order);
268:baptism
228:Germany
128:surname
88:is the
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