730:
without a struggle and listened to traitors Degong's small army would not act as a guard for the emperor. Huang Degong then said "I am willing to devote my life to you" after which the
Emperor resentfully said he could not rely on him as a minister. Then a group of Qing Han Chinese and Banner soldiers showed up in Wuhu to Huang Degong's camp on June 15 under Zhang Tianlu, the Guazhou garrison commander, bannermen from Dodo and general Liu Liangzuo. Huang Degong rejected their demand to turn over the Hongguang Emperor but Zhang Tianlu then shot an arrow into Huang's throat, killing him. Tian Xiong and Ma Deong, the brigade commanders under Huang Degong then defected to the Qing and gave General Liu the Hongguang Emperor. Hongguang was captured on May 28.
722:
37:
595:
581:
567:
553:
539:
617:
669:
527:
the military and political support of Ma
Shiying (馬士英). Many officers allied with the Donglin Movement preferred Zhu Changfang, Prince of Lu to succeed. On June 5 the Prince of Fu entered the city, the next day he accepted the title of "Protector of the State" (監國, sometimes translated as "Regent"), and on June 7 he moved into the imperial palace, where he received the insignia of his new office.
736:, Qing Prince of Yu, berated the Hongguang Emperor over his battle strategy, telling him that the Southern Ming would have defeated the Qing if only they had assaulted the Qing forces before they forded the Yellow river. The former Emperor could find no words to respond when he attempted to defend himself.
696:, including the influential officer Ma Shiying, and the pro-Donglin Movement party, including General Shi Kefa. Shi Kefa, who was sent to defend the area north of the Yangtze, could not depend on support from Ma Shiying. Even the generals in the front attacked each other for power and looted the civilians.
1560:
Depicted as a main character in the 2023 novel
Manistee Blood written by Lucas Hanson. He is a vampire named Fuba and was turned at the age of 21, and faked his death when the Qing forces captured him. After fleeing his royal lifestyle he becomes a pirate on the Yellow River, a Catholic Priest in the
684:
convinced reluctant members of the court to accept the enthronement. The Prince of Fu was officially crowned as emperor on June 19, 1644, under the protection of Ma
Shiying, who had arrived in Nanjing two days earlier with a large war fleet. It was decided that the next lunar year would be "the first
526:
In early June 1644, the court decided that the caretaker government would be centered around Zhu
Yousong, Prince of Fu, who was next in line for succession after the dead emperor's sons. When he arrived in the vicinity of Nanjing (he had come from his princedom in Henan), the Prince could count on
729:
The
Hongguang Emperor fled to Anhui on the Yangzi's southern bank at Tongling, joining Huang Degong at his military camp. Huang Degong told him that if he would've fought to the death in Nanjing then all the ministers would have followed his lead in fighting against the Qing, but now that he fled
493:
The news of the
Chongzhen Emperor's suicide was met with consternation when it reached Nanjing in mid May 1644. The highest officials in Nanjing soon met to deliberate about how to face the crisis. Since the fate of the official heir apparent was still unknown at the time, many thought it was too
689:. The Hongguang court proclaimed that its goal was "to ally with the Tartars to pacify the bandits" (聯虜平寇), that is, to seek co-operation with Qing military forces in order to annihilate rebel peasant militia led by Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong.
505:
emperors. The Tianqi
Emperor was sonless, and the three sons of the Chongzhen Emperor were missing. The successor can be only choose from uncles of the Chongzhen Emperor, which were brothers of the Taichang Emperor and other sons of the
518:'s father). Among these imperial uncles, Zhu Changxun was the eldest uncle, and Zhu Yousong was the eldest son of Zhu Changxun. As the imperial sons were missing, Zhu Yousong became the first in line to the succession.
2122:
514:, Prince of Fu was Wanli's 3rd son, Zhu Changhao, Prince of Rui was the 5th son, Zhu Changrun, Prince of Hui was the 6th son and the youngest was Zhu Changying, Prince of Gui (
2166:
456:'s forces invaded Luoyang, and Zhu managed to escape but his father was killed. He held his father's princely title in two years later. In 1644, he escaped again to
718:
city. On May 15, Minister Zhao Long, Wang Feng, Qian Xian surrendered to the Qing. As a result, Nanjing and a few other cities fell without a fight.
2086:
494:
early to proclaim a new emperor, but most agreed that an imperial figure was necessary to rally loyalist support for the Ming in the south.
2118:
1727:
2186:
711:
of the Qing spared his life and even offered Shi a position. Shi, however, remained loyal, so he refused the offer and was executed.
1638:
449:
in 1614 and later was granted the title "Commandery Prince of
Dechang" (德昌郡王). He was later designated as Hereditary Prince of Fu.
1857:
1722:
1537:, depicted the life under the Hongguang regime. The work has been adapted into various plays, including the televised 16-episode
2181:
748:, which ended his reign as the Southern Ming emperor. The last remnants of the Ming resistance were finally destroyed in 1662.
676:
Prodded by some court officials, the Prince of Fu immediately started to consider becoming
Emperor. Fearing confrontation with
2171:
2161:
2102:
2074:
2070:
1866:
1817:
44:
2176:
2146:
2062:
692:
The Hongguang regime had been plagued by political struggles from the beginning between the party which was formerly pro-
476:
together, and were on the same boat with Zhu Gonghao, Prince of Zhou and Zhu Cilun, Prince of Chong. On 25 April, the
1702:
707:
also fell to the Qing army. General Shi Kefa, who defended Yangzhou, attempted suicide, survived, and was captured.
2066:
2058:
2201:
2141:
1675:
1648:
1691:
Struve, Lynn A. (1988), "Southern Ming", in Mote, Frederick W.; Twitchett, Denis; Fairbank, John King (eds.),
2098:
1643:. Vol. 2 of Great Enterprise (illustrated ed.). University of California Press. pp. 572, 573.
1783:
84:
1850:
745:
422:
160:
1667:
The Great Enterprise: The Manchu Reconstruction of Imperial Order in Seventeenth-century China, Volume 1
1640:
The Great Enterprise: The Manchu Reconstruction of Imperial Order in Seventeenth-century China, Volume 1
2196:
2191:
725:
When the Manchu army approached Nanjing, no one defended the walls of the fugitive emperor's capital
714:
When the news reached Nanjing, the Hongguang Emperor, Ma Shiying and a few eunuchs fled in panic to
2050:
1917:
1907:
1766:
979:
744:
Hongguang was captured and sent to Beijing to face the Qing court. He was then executed in 1646 at
2042:
1716:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2094:
2090:
2082:
2046:
1843:
1692:
1665:
2078:
2054:
2038:
1528:
721:
2156:
2151:
1711:
8:
1147:
442:
164:
136:
1697:, Volume 7 of The Cambridge History of China, Cambridge University Press, p. 641,
1561:
Philippines, and a sailor among other careers. In current times he lives in Australia.
1963:
1805:
1698:
1671:
1644:
599:
502:
477:
209:
62:
1953:
1943:
1923:
865:
571:
543:
465:
411:
403:
381:
359:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1912:
1887:
1538:
839:
733:
342:
255:
1958:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1882:
1835:
585:
498:
180:
1715:
36:
2135:
2020:
1993:
1980:
1948:
1534:
920:
708:
693:
650:
632:
557:
507:
469:
461:
438:
407:
347:
311:
1874:
1809:
1775:
1744:
1034:
511:
434:
418:
338:
321:
299:
168:
140:
102:
66:
497:
From the perspective of pedigree, the Taichang Emperor had only two sons:
2015:
1591:
515:
278:
243:
1999:
1827:
1579:
677:
473:
453:
433:
Zhu Yousong was a member of Ming imperial family. He was eldest son of
77:
594:
580:
566:
552:
538:
2026:
2010:
2004:
1553:
672:
Map of the Southern Ming in November 1644 under the Hongguang's reign
616:
1694:
The Cambridge history of China: The Ming dynasty, 1368-1644, Part 1
704:
681:
686:
446:
306:
294:
668:
265:
Chutian Chengdao Chengjing Yingzhe Zuanwen Beiwu Xuanren Duxiao
700:
457:
389:
367:
798:
Palace Lady, of the Xu clan (宮人 徐氏), personal name Shuxiu (淑秀)
410:. He reigned briefly in southern China from 1644 to 1645. His
685:
year of the Hongguang reign" (弘光元年) with the capital city of
184:
1548:
715:
417:
In 1646, Zhu Yousong was captured and executed by the
238:
Hongguang (弘光): 28 January 1645 – 17 August 1645
1602:
This temple name was conferred by the Yongli Emperor
2167:
People executed by the Qing dynasty by decapitation
699:In 1645, the Qing army moved rapidly and captured
786:Lady of Selected Service, of the Mou clan (選侍 某氏)
762:Empress Xiaozhejian, of the Huang clan (孝哲坚皇后 黄氏)
2133:
1865:
1670:. University of California Press. p. 581.
1627:"明史新編 第十二章 第二節 南明政權的曇花一現" by 楊國楨, 傅衣凌, and 陳支平
703:. Subsequently, on 25 April of the same year,
1851:
780:Lady of Gentleness, of the Huang clan (淑女 黃氏)
25:
1623:
1621:
1619:
783:Lady of Gentleness, of the Guo clan (淑女 郭氏)
1858:
1844:
1590:This posthumous name was conferred by the
1533:, a historical drama completed in 1699 by
483:
35:
1728:United States Government Printing Office
1616:
765:Empress Xiaoyi, of the Li clan (孝义皇后 李氏)
720:
667:
445:. He followed his father to his fief at
156:Qing Shunzhi 3, 9th day of the 4th month
132:Ming Wanli 35, 15th day of the 7th month
1663:
1636:
521:
460:to seek asylum from his distant uncle,
2134:
1710:
1690:
1578:This regnal name was conferred by the
1547:Portrayed by Lee Keun-hee in the 1981
1472:
1379:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1257:
1164:
1055:
1051:
1039:
937:
830:
826:
822:
789:Palace Lady, of the Zhang clan (宮人 張氏)
1839:
1521:
1469:
1459:
1447:
1437:
1433:
1421:
1419:
1409:
1397:
1387:
1383:
1367:
1365:
1355:
1343:
1333:
1329:
1317:
1315:
1305:
1293:
1283:
1279:
1254:
1244:
1232:
1222:
1218:
1206:
1204:
1194:
1182:
1172:
1168:
1152:
1146:
1136:
1124:
1114:
1110:
1098:
1095:
1085:
1073:
1063:
1059:
1033:
1023:
1010:
1000:
996:
984:
978:
968:
955:
945:
941:
925:
919:
909:
896:
886:
882:
870:
864:
854:
838:
834:
792:Palace Lady, of the Wang clan (宮人 王氏)
768:Noble Consort, of the Jin clan (金貴妃)
1818:Emperor of the Southern Ming dynasty
1723:Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period
680:and other supporters of the Prince,
488:
414:, "Hongguang", means "great light".
45:Emperor of the Southern Ming dynasty
16:Emperor of the Southern Ming dynasty
13:
14:
2213:
609:Zhu Changxun, Prince Zhong of Fu
2187:17th-century executions by China
615:
593:
579:
565:
551:
537:
464:, Prince of Lu (grandson of the
1657:
1630:
1596:
1584:
1572:
1148:Grand Empress Dowager Xiaoning
777:Consort, of the Chen clan (陳妃)
774:Consort, of the Wang clan (汪妃)
771:Consort, of the Tong clan (童妃)
394:
372:
1:
2182:17th-century Chinese monarchs
2087:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
1664:Wakeman, Frederic E. (1985).
1637:Wakeman, Frederic E. (1985).
1609:
1255:Hongguang Emperor (1607–1646)
643:Zhu Yiliu, Prince Jian of Lu
428:
2172:Executed people from Beijing
2162:Executed Ming dynasty people
1867:Emperors of the Ming dynasty
376:; 1607–1646), personal name
7:
812:
423:Caishikou Execution Grounds
214:a prematurely dead daughter
161:Caishikou Execution Grounds
54:19 June 1644 – 15 June 1645
10:
2218:
2177:People murdered in Beijing
2147:Murdered emperors of China
1373:
1273:
1269:
1158:
1053:
1045:
931:
828:
824:
336:
2036:
1979:
1970:
1873:
1824:
1815:
1802:
1797:
1781:
1772:
1765:
1738:
1453:
1435:
1427:
1403:
1385:
1381:
1349:
1331:
1323:
1299:
1281:
1277:
1238:
1220:
1212:
1188:
1170:
1166:
1130:
1112:
1104:
1079:
1061:
1057:
1017:
998:
990:
962:
943:
939:
903:
884:
876:
848:
832:
751:
621:Zhu Yousong, Prince of Fu
472:). They later escaped to
385:
363:
327:
317:
305:
293:
284:
277:
261:
254:
249:
242:
237:
232:
227:
222:
218:
208:
191:
174:
146:
126:
122:
114:
109:
98:
90:
83:
73:
58:
50:
43:
34:
26:
21:
1565:
980:Empress Dowager Xiaoding
897:Empress Xiaoke (d. 1554)
739:
663:
531:Three choices for throne
437:, and a grandson of the
484:Accession to the throne
250:Emperor Sheng'an (聖安皇帝)
233:Era name and dates
2202:Deaths by decapitation
2142:Southern Ming emperors
1792:Merged into the Crown
1542:"Qinhuai Yanyu (秦淮煙雨)"
726:
673:
398:), childhood nickname
1712:Hummel, Arthur W. Sr.
1529:The Peach Blossom Fan
724:
671:
408:Southern Ming dynasty
179:Dongshantou Village,
522:Support of officials
402:(福八), was the first
1717:"Chu Yu-sung"
757:Consorts and Issue:
480:committed suicide.
443:Noble Consort Zheng
198:Empress Xiaozhejian
165:Shuntian Prefecture
137:Shuntian Prefecture
1522:In popular culture
956:Li Wei (1527–1583)
727:
674:
570:Zhu Changluo, the
468:and nephew of the
22:Hongguang Emperor
2197:Founding monarchs
2192:Executed monarchs
2129:
2128:
1834:
1833:
1825:Succeeded by
1806:Chongzhen Emperor
1518:
1517:
600:Chongzhen Emperor
598:Zhu Youjian, the
584:Zhu Youjiao, the
489:Chongzhen's death
478:Chongzhen Emperor
356:Hongguang Emperor
335:
334:
289:
288:
269:(處天承道誠敬英哲纘文備武宣仁度孝
228:Zhu Yousong (朱由崧)
110:Prince of Dechang
63:Chongzhen Emperor
2209:
2005:Prince of Lu (魯)
1994:Prince of Lu (潞)
1974:
1860:
1853:
1846:
1837:
1836:
1803:Preceded by
1773:Preceded by
1761:
1754:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1719:
1707:
1682:
1681:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1634:
1628:
1625:
1603:
1600:
1594:
1588:
1582:
1576:
866:Longqing Emperor
818:
817:
619:
597:
583:
572:Taichang Emperor
569:
555:
544:Longqing Emperor
542:Zhu Zaihou, the
541:
466:Longqing Emperor
396:
387:
374:
365:
220:
219:
153:
130:5 September 1607
39:
30:
29:
28:
19:
18:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2132:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2032:
1975:
1972:
1968:
1869:
1864:
1830:
1821:
1813:
1787:
1779:
1767:Chinese royalty
1755:
1749:
1748:
1741:
1734:
1705:
1686:
1685:
1678:
1662:
1658:
1651:
1635:
1631:
1626:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1606:
1601:
1597:
1589:
1585:
1577:
1573:
1568:
1539:Taiwanese opera
1524:
1519:
1096:Zheng Chengxian
840:Jiajing Emperor
815:
754:
742:
666:
661:
631:Zhu Changying,
556:Zhu Yijun, the
524:
491:
486:
431:
406:of the Chinese
352:
256:Posthumous name
204:
187:
159:
157:
155:
151:
135:
133:
131:
24:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2215:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2127:
2126:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2024:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2002:
1997:
1991:
1985:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1879:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1863:
1862:
1855:
1848:
1840:
1832:
1831:
1828:Longwu Emperor
1826:
1823:
1814:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1798:Regnal titles
1795:
1794:
1789:
1780:
1778:, Prince Zhong
1774:
1770:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1742:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1714:, ed. (1943).
1708:
1703:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1676:
1656:
1649:
1629:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1595:
1592:Yongli Emperor
1583:
1580:Longwu Emperor
1570:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1545:
1523:
1520:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1002:
1001:
999:
997:
995:
992:
991:
989:
986:
985:
983:
977:
974:
973:
970:
969:
967:
964:
963:
961:
958:
957:
954:
951:
950:
947:
946:
944:
942:
940:
938:
936:
933:
932:
930:
927:
926:
924:
918:
915:
914:
911:
910:
908:
905:
904:
902:
899:
898:
895:
892:
891:
888:
887:
885:
883:
881:
878:
877:
875:
872:
871:
869:
863:
860:
859:
856:
855:
853:
850:
849:
847:
844:
843:
837:
835:
833:
831:
829:
827:
825:
823:
821:
816:
814:
811:
810:
809:
808:
807:
799:
796:
795:Ye Zimei (葉子眉)
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
753:
750:
741:
738:
665:
662:
660:
659:
658:
657:
656:
655:
653:, Prince of Lu
638:
637:
636:
625:
624:
623:
604:
603:
602:
588:
586:Tianqi Emperor
534:
533:
532:
523:
520:
490:
487:
485:
482:
430:
427:
333:
332:
329:
325:
324:
319:
315:
314:
309:
303:
302:
297:
291:
290:
287:
286:
282:
281:
275:
274:
259:
258:
252:
251:
247:
246:
240:
239:
235:
234:
230:
229:
225:
224:
216:
215:
212:
206:
205:
203:
202:
201:Empress Xiaoyi
199:
195:
193:
189:
188:
181:Mengjin County
178:
176:
172:
171:
154:(aged 38)
148:
144:
143:
134:(明萬曆三十五年七月十五日)
128:
124:
123:
120:
119:
116:
112:
111:
107:
106:
105:, Prince Zhong
100:
96:
95:
92:
88:
87:
81:
80:
78:Longwu Emperor
75:
71:
70:
60:
56:
55:
52:
48:
47:
41:
40:
32:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2214:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2035:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1981:Southern Ming
1978:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:(Restoration)
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1861:
1856:
1854:
1849:
1847:
1842:
1841:
1838:
1829:
1820:
1819:
1811:
1807:
1801:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1777:
1771:
1768:
1764:
1759:
1752:
1747:
1746:
1737:
1729:
1725:
1724:
1718:
1713:
1709:
1706:
1704:0-521-24332-7
1700:
1696:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1679:
1673:
1669:
1668:
1660:
1652:
1646:
1642:
1641:
1633:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1615:
1599:
1593:
1587:
1581:
1575:
1571:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1536:
1535:Kong Shangren
1532:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1467:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1457:
1456:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1424:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1400:
1395:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1370:
1363:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1327:
1326:
1321:
1320:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1241:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1209:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1162:
1161:
1156:
1155:
1149:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1133:
1128:
1127:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1108:
1107:
1102:
1101:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1082:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1042:
1036:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1014:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1003:
994:
993:
988:
987:
981:
976:
975:
972:
971:
966:
965:
960:
959:
953:
952:
949:
948:
935:
934:
929:
928:
922:
921:Wanli Emperor
917:
916:
913:
912:
907:
906:
901:
900:
894:
893:
890:
889:
880:
879:
874:
873:
867:
862:
861:
858:
857:
852:
851:
846:
845:
841:
836:
820:
819:
806:
803:
802:
800:
797:
794:
791:
788:
785:
782:
779:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
761:
760:
759:
758:
749:
747:
737:
735:
731:
723:
719:
717:
712:
710:
706:
702:
697:
695:
694:Wei Zhongxian
690:
688:
683:
679:
670:
654:
652:
651:Zhu Changfang
648:
645:
644:
642:
639:
635:
634:
633:Prince of Gui
629:
626:
622:
618:
614:
611:
610:
608:
605:
601:
596:
592:
589:
587:
582:
578:
575:
574:
573:
568:
564:
561:
560:
559:
558:Wanli Emperor
554:
550:
547:
546:
545:
540:
536:
535:
530:
529:
528:
519:
517:
513:
509:
508:Wanli Emperor
504:
500:
495:
481:
479:
475:
471:
470:Wanli Emperor
467:
463:
462:Zhu Changfang
459:
455:
450:
448:
444:
440:
439:Wanli Emperor
436:
426:
424:
420:
415:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
391:
383:
379:
375:
369:
361:
357:
350:
349:
344:
340:
330:
326:
323:
320:
316:
313:
312:Southern Ming
310:
308:
304:
301:
298:
296:
292:
283:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
257:
253:
248:
245:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
217:
213:
211:
207:
200:
197:
196:
194:
190:
186:
182:
177:
173:
170:
166:
162:
149:
145:
142:
138:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
108:
104:
101:
97:
93:
89:
86:
82:
79:
76:
72:
68:
64:
61:
57:
53:
49:
46:
42:
38:
33:
20:
2075:N. Dynasties
2071:S. Dynasties
1988:
1816:
1810:Ming dynasty
1791:
1784:Prince of Fu
1782:
1776:Zhu Changxun
1757:
1750:
1745:House of Zhu
1743:
1740:Zhu Yousong
1721:
1693:
1666:
1659:
1639:
1632:
1598:
1586:
1574:
1552:
1541:
1527:
1035:Zhu Changxun
804:
756:
755:
743:
732:
728:
713:
698:
691:
675:
649:
646:
640:
630:
627:
620:
612:
606:
590:
576:
562:
548:
525:
512:Zhu Changxun
496:
492:
451:
435:Zhu Changxun
432:
419:Qing dynasty
416:
399:
393:
377:
373:Hóngguāng Dì
371:
355:
353:
346:
339:Chinese name
322:Zhu Changxun
270:
266:
262:
169:Qing dynasty
158:(清順治三年四月初九日)
152:(1646-05-23)
141:Ming dynasty
103:Zhu Changxun
85:Prince of Fu
67:Ming dynasty
2157:1646 deaths
2152:1607 births
2067:16 Kingdoms
1150:(1565–1630)
1037:(1586–1641)
982:(1545–1614)
923:(1563–1620)
868:(1537–1572)
842:(1507–1567)
709:Prince Dodo
516:Zhu Youlang
395:Zhū Yóusōng
378:Zhu Yousong
343:family name
285:Anzong (安宗)
279:Temple name
244:Regnal name
150:23 May 1646
99:Predecessor
59:Predecessor
2136:Categories
2059:3 Kingdoms
2029:(doubtful)
1822:1644–1645
1788:1643–1644
1677:0520048040
1650:0520048040
1610:References
1551:TV Series
805:A daughter
678:Ma Shiying
454:Li Zicheng
429:Early life
1989:Hongguang
1964:Chongzhen
1554:Daemyeong
1011:Lady Wang
746:Caishikou
503:Chongzhen
452:In 1641,
118:1617–1643
94:1643–1644
74:Successor
2023:(regent)
2007:(regent)
1996:(regent)
1954:Taichang
1944:Longqing
1924:Chenghua
1918:Yingzong
1908:Yingzong
1544:in 2001.
1470:Lady Yao
813:Ancestry
801:Unknown
705:Yangzhou
682:Shi Kefa
412:era name
337:In this
331:Lady Yao
1939:Jiajing
1934:Zhengde
1929:Hongzhi
1913:Jingtai
1888:Jianwen
687:Nanjing
474:Huai'an
447:Luoyang
421:at the
404:emperor
382:Chinese
360:Chinese
307:Dynasty
263:Emperor
2099:W. Xia
2027:Dingwu
2021:Dongwu
2016:Yongli
2011:Shaowu
2000:Longwu
1959:Tianqi
1903:Xuande
1898:Hongxi
1893:Yongle
1883:Hongwu
1756:
1701:
1674:
1647:
752:Family
701:Suzhou
499:Tianqi
458:Weihui
392::
390:pinyin
384::
370::
368:pinyin
362::
341:, the
328:Mother
318:Father
192:Spouse
175:Burial
115:Tenure
91:Tenure
2043:Shang
1949:Wanli
1758:Died:
1751:Born:
1566:Notes
1531:(桃花扇)
740:Death
664:Reign
295:House
223:Names
210:Issue
185:Henan
51:Reign
2115:Qing
2111:Ming
2107:Yuan
2095:Song
2091:Liao
2083:Tang
2047:Zhou
1875:Ming
1760:1646
1753:1607
1699:ISBN
1672:ISBN
1645:ISBN
1549:KBS1
734:Dodo
716:Wuhu
501:and
441:and
400:Fuba
354:The
267:Jian
147:Died
127:Born
2123:PRC
2119:ROC
2103:Jīn
2079:Sui
2063:Jìn
2055:Han
2051:Qin
2039:Xia
386:朱由崧
364:弘光帝
348:Zhu
345:is
300:Zhu
271:簡皇帝
27:弘光帝
2138::
2121:/
2117:→
2113:→
2109:→
2105:→
2101:/
2097:/
2093:/
2089:→
2085:→
2081:→
2077:→
2073:/
2069:→
2065:/
2061:→
2057:→
2053:→
2049:→
2045:→
2041:→
1726:.
1720:.
1618:^
510:.
425:.
388:;
366:;
183:,
167:,
163:,
139:,
1973:明
1859:e
1852:t
1845:v
1812:)
1808:(
1730:.
1680:.
1653:.
1557:.
647:1
641:4
628:7
613:1
607:3
591:5
577:1
563:1
549:3
380:(
358:(
351:.
273:)
69:)
65:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
