Knowledge

Zande language

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The Zande have a more limited method of counting, never exceeding the numbers 20 and 40. Usually Zande people count by counting fingers and toes. Therefore when a number over twenty is counted another person must count the number beyond twenty and so on. So all the numbers over twenty or over ten are
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The Objective forms of these pronouns are regularly used as suffixes denoting the first or intimate form of the Genitive. Those nouns which end in se drop this syllable before the suffixed pronoun. For instance,
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Nasalized vowels are indicated using the tilde : ã ẽ ĩ ĩ̧ õ ũ ũ̧ r̃. Consonants with double articulation are represented by digraphs or trigraphs : kp gb ny mb nv nd nz ng ngb mgb
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Parents, do you encourage your children and teenagers to work cheerfully at any assignment that they are given to do, whether at the Kingdom Hall, at an assembly, or at a convention site?
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When they are used with noun pronouns, the syllables need to be separated so that they surround the noun pronoun and sometimes include the entire clause that modifies the noun pronoun.
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Avunguagudee, oni nangarasa rukutu awironi na gu sosono yo i mangi agu asunge dunduko na ngbarago i afuhe fuyo i mangihe, singia si tii Bambu Kindo yo, watadu ba bakere adunguratise yo?
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2). When the number exceeds five, it must be transferred to the other hand to continue counting, so that 6-9 are based on five and are obtained by constantly adding 1-4.
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Negative auxiliaries are separated to enclose subordinate clauses contained in the main negative statement, so affirmative verbs can usually be surrounded by them.
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Verbal negation is expressed by placing nga after the verb and then ending the negative statement with the particle te or ya at the end of the sentence.
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Estimates about the number of speakers vary; in 2001 Koen Impens cited studies that put the number between 700,000 and one million.
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In 1959, Archibald Norman Tucker published a Zande alphabet proposed during the Bangenzi Conference of 1941.
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Pluralisation: Pluralising a noun in Zande language is often done by adding "a" before a singular noun.
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possessed noun needs to add a suffix (objective pronoun form) to express what it is belonged to whom.
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Alveolar sounds /d, z, ⁿz, s, t, ⁿd/ have allophones as palato-alveolar sounds when preceding /i/.
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A person's hands and feet add up to 20 digits, so the expression for 20 is "a person stands it."
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the number add always behind the noun and the noun usually uses its singular form
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Verbs often change tense by adding the corresponding tense marker. For instance:
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Besides, the verb doesn't change with their subject noun/pronoun. For instance
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The retroflex tap /ɽ/ can be heard as an alveolar trill in free variation.
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Possessive pronouns can be used as reflexive pronouns. For instance,
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3). When the counting goes to 10 it becomes a simple numeral again
4205: 3889: 2639:"Awalaga Gɨda Pazande. Alphabet Zande, R. D. Congo [PDF]" 333: 241: 2661: 225: 2091: 3190: 2732: 1929:
30 (lit., a person stands it, take from the person there 10)
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21 (lit., a person stands it, step over to the other side 1)
240:. It is called Pazande in the Zande language and Kizande in 1908:
21 (lit., a person stands it, take from the person there 1)
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5). When the counting goes to 15 it is a simple numeral
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The order of possessor noun-possessed noun in relation
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not separate numbers but are described in a sentence.
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Nasalized vowels are indicated using the tilde :
2238: 2273:-> 'than' it is usually put after the adjective 2248:-> 'like' it is usually put before the adjective 1859:
6). 16-19 is an additive operation that builds on 15
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bawe bati sende yo ue OR bawe yari sende yo us ->
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bawe bati sende yo sa OR bawe yari sende yo sa ->
2446: 1620:-> 'I am doing (tense marker, temple auxiliary)' 1902:21 (lit., a person stands it, take from the arm 1) 831:Zande spelling rules were established at the 1928 4591:Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo 3339:Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo 2637: 2464: 2410: 2404:Phonologie et morphophonologie de la langue Zandé 4577: 2422: 1684:(te/ya is put at the end of the whole sentence) 2434: 2287:-> 'That man’s house is better that yours.' 4560: 4262: 3323: 3176: 2795: 2677: 2586:. London: The Sheldon Press. pp. 32, 38. 2262:-> 'Your dog is a big one just like mine.' 1626:-> 'I do (tense marker, temple auxiliary)' 4276: 2571:. London: The Sheldon Press. pp. 43–44. 2556:. London: The Sheldon Press. pp. 43–44. 2235:-> 'He went and did it and came home.' 2092:The order of demonstrative-noun in relation 1873:16 (lit., 15 step over to the other side 1) 1599:boro 'a person' -> aboro 'people' 4567: 4553: 4269: 4255: 3330: 3316: 3183: 3169: 2802: 2788: 2684: 2670: 1602:nya 'a beast' ->  anya 'beasts' 1262:2)      The Animal Pronoun 1124:Sample text in Zande (Jehovah's Witnesses) 4586:Languages of the Central African Republic 3192:Languages of the Central African Republic 2633:(in French). Musée royal du Congo belge. 2601:. London: The Sheldon Press. p. 37. 2526:. London: The Sheldon Press. p. 47. 2511:. London: The Sheldon Press. p. 23. 2496:. London: The Sheldon Press. p. 32. 2481:. London: The Sheldon Press. p. 29. 2541:. London: The Sheldon Press. p. 9. 2307:-> 'Is your cloth bigger than mine?' 2202:-> 'Jesus saw them following him.' 2194:The serial verb constructions with "ki" 2163:-> 'these people' (lit. these they) 4578: 2809: 2626: 2452: 2416: 2376: 236:, but also in the eastern part of the 4250: 3311: 3164: 2783: 2665: 2401: 2177:The order of numeral-noun in relation 601: 4519: 2615: 2596: 2581: 2566: 2551: 2536: 2521: 2506: 2491: 2476: 2440: 2428: 1940:-> 40 (lit., person stands it 2) 1825:So that the 11 and 12 in Zande are: 1015:published a Zande alphabet in 2014. 228:, primarily in the northeast of the 2379:"Essai de bibliographie des Azande" 1889:-> 20 (lit., a person stands it) 1605:e 'a thing' -> ae 'things' 1585:-> ‘I did it by (with) myself.’ 13: 2726:Individual characters and concepts 2320: 2239:Forming a comparative construction 1588: 14: 4622: 2650: 2627:Tucker, Archibald Norman (1959). 826: 812: 805: 787: 780: 773: 766: 759: 752: 738: 731: 720: 713: 699: 692: 681: 674: 660: 653: 642: 635: 571: 562: 536: 530: 506: 499: 456: 449: 430: 423: 412: 405: 368: 361: 350: 343: 320: 311: 304: 16:Language spoken in Central Africa 4523: 2691: 2362: 2337: 835:following the principles of the 230:Democratic Republic of the Congo 38:Democratic Republic of the Congo 2609: 2590: 2575: 2560: 2545: 2530: 2515: 2500: 2485: 2470: 2048:-> 'a village' (abbr. Kpu) 1986: 1912:boro ru e yari ku bani sa -> 1906:boro ru e yari ku bani sa -> 1469:-> ‘Let us go ourselves.’ 1217:he/she (indef. gender)/him/her 837:International African Institute 2395: 2370: 2345: 1463:-> ‘I have come myself.’ 926:Zande alphabet of Tucker 1959 917:⟨gb kp mv nv ny⟩ 69:: 1.8 million cited 1996–2017) 1: 2657:PanAfrican L10n page on Zande 2313: 1991: 1141: 255: 4539:. You can help Knowledge by 2630:Le groupe linguistique zande 2228:-> 'I went and saw him.' 1924:boro re e zi be boro yo bawe 1643:-> 'Thou (you) are doing' 843:Zande alphabet of Gore 1931 250: 7: 2616:Gore, Edward Clive (1931). 2233:Ko a ndu ki mangi e ki yega 1472:4). The Reflexive Pronoun 1146: 10: 4627: 4611:Niger–Congo language stubs 4518: 1720: 4300: 4284: 4228: 4171: 4013:Kango (Bas-Uélé District) 3928: 3860: 3837: 3819: 3736: 3688: 3645: 3522: 3419: 3404: 3361: 3345: 3234: 3198: 3135: 3102: 3049: 2991: 2943: 2900: 2817: 2746: 2725: 2699: 2305:Ga roko bakere susi gimi? 2281:Ga gu kuma bambu re ngba 2096:Demonstrative Adjectives 2065:before a noun is becomes 1649:-> 'He (she) is doing' 1387:his/hers (indef. gender) 1184:you/thou/thee (singular) 913:⟨ã ẽ ĩ õ ũ⟩ 833:Rejaf Language Conference 620: 613: 606: 599: 589: 550: 529: 522: 438: 332: 298: 262: 199: 183: 178: 162: 147: 78: 61: 51: 33: 26: 21: 4596:Languages of South Sudan 4278:Languages of South Sudan 2200:Yesu ki bi yo i ni pe ko 2088:-> 'Gangura’s home' 1900:boro ru e zi be sa -> 1871:ira yari ku bani sa-> 1867:'step over to the other' 1819:bati yari sende yo -> 1711:-> 'I do not do it.' 1608: 238:Central African Republic 42:Central African Republic 4018:Kango (Tshopo District) 2597:Gore, Canon E. (1926). 2582:Gore, Canon E. (1926). 2567:Gore, Canon E. (1926). 2552:Gore, Canon E. (1926). 2537:Gore, Canon E. (1926). 2522:Gore, Canon E. (1926). 2507:Gore, Canon E. (1926). 2492:Gore, Canon E. (1926). 2477:Gore, Canon E. (1926). 2402:Landi, Germain (2019). 2124:-> 'those' (plural) 2110:-> 'these' (plural) 2054:-> 'my home', kpuro 1717:-> 'Do not do it.' 1715:Ka mo ni mangi nga a ya 1340:3) Possessive pronouns 2764:Jean-Pierre Déricoyard 2465:SIL International 2014 2406:. Universität zu Köln. 1814:'step over from below' 1788:7 (lit.,5 step over 2) 1782:6 (lit.,5 step over 1) 1667:-> 'They are doing' 595:Oral and Nasal vowels 224:. It is spoken by the 220:is the largest of the 2754:Charles-Armel Doubane 2377:Impens, Koen (2001). 2169:-> 'those house' ( 2157:-> 'these people' 2130:-> 'give me this' 2074:->'a man’s home' ( 2012:-> 'am', (to be), 1821:'step over from blew' 1741:1). The system of 1-5 1661:-> 'You are doing' 1151:1) Personal Pronouns 1019:Zande alphabet (SIL) 4301:Indigenous languages 2759:Joseph James Tombura 2256:Ga ango ni kikii ru 2145:-> 'this person' 2106:      1776:'step over' (a verb) 1655:-> 'We are doing' 1583:Mi a mangi e ni tire 4531:This article about 4236:French African Sign 2920:Ngala of Santandrea 2217:-> 'following', 2058:'thy home' , kpuko 2027:-> 'my father' 2002:-> 'I am a boy' 1944:11). Larger Numbers 1812:bati sende yo -> 1786:bisue bati ue -> 1780:bisue bati sa -> 1709:Mi a manga nga a te 1537: 1495:thyself (singular) 1476: 1397: 1344: 1266: 1155: 1020: 927: 844: 596: 3362:National languages 3235:National languages 3199:Official languages 2811:Ubangian languages 2769:Jean-Pierre Finant 2384:Annales Aequatoria 2136:-> 'take this' 1637:-> 'I am doing' 1536: 1475: 1396: 1343: 1337:-> ‘thou home’ 1265: 1154: 1018: 925: 842: 594: 4548: 4547: 4516: 4515: 4285:Official language 4244: 4243: 4224: 4223: 3346:Official language 3305: 3304: 3158: 3157: 2777: 2776: 2707:Azande witchcraft 2360:(27th ed., 2024) 2335:(27th ed., 2024) 2298:-> to surpass 2226:Mi a ndu ki bo ko 2151:-> 'this man' 1865:yari ku bani-> 1705:-> 'I do it' 1579: 1578: 1534: 1533: 1455: 1454: 1394: 1393: 1327:-> ‘my chest’ 1301: 1300: 1260: 1259: 1239:you (plural)/you 1121: 1120: 1013:SIL International 1007: 1006: 909: 908: 824: 823: 624: 617: 579: 578: 496: 475: 446: 402: 379: 340: 215: 214: 4618: 4569: 4562: 4555: 4527: 4520: 4271: 4264: 4257: 4248: 4247: 3647:Kasai-Occidental 3597:Ngbaka Minagende 3417: 3416: 3332: 3325: 3318: 3309: 3308: 3185: 3178: 3171: 3162: 3161: 2804: 2797: 2790: 2781: 2780: 2717:Zande literature 2700:General articles 2686: 2679: 2672: 2663: 2662: 2646: 2634: 2623: 2622:. Sheldon Press. 2603: 2602: 2594: 2588: 2587: 2579: 2573: 2572: 2564: 2558: 2557: 2549: 2543: 2542: 2534: 2528: 2527: 2519: 2513: 2512: 2504: 2498: 2497: 2489: 2483: 2482: 2474: 2468: 2462: 2456: 2450: 2444: 2438: 2432: 2426: 2420: 2414: 2408: 2407: 2399: 2393: 2392: 2374: 2368: 2367: 2366: 2349: 2343: 2342: 2341: 2324: 2188:sape bisue -> 2128:Mo fu gere fe re 2034:-> 'father', 1983:-> 1,000,000 1733: 1732: 1728: 1703:a). Mi a manga a 1693:The Imperative ' 1687:The indicative ' 1538: 1535: 1527:itself (neuter) 1519:itself (animal) 1477: 1474: 1448:theirs (animal) 1398: 1395: 1345: 1342: 1317:-> ‘my body’ 1313:-> ‘person’, 1272:Subjective Form 1267: 1264: 1156: 1153: 1021: 1017: 928: 924: 918: 914: 845: 841: 816: 809: 791: 784: 777: 770: 763: 756: 742: 735: 724: 717: 703: 696: 685: 678: 664: 657: 646: 639: 622: 615: 597: 593: 575: 566: 540: 534: 510: 503: 494: 473: 460: 453: 444: 434: 427: 416: 409: 400: 377: 372: 365: 354: 347: 338: 324: 315: 308: 260: 259: 211: 195: 188: 168: 84: 74:: 100,000 (2013) 19: 18: 4626: 4625: 4621: 4620: 4619: 4617: 4616: 4615: 4601:Zande languages 4576: 4575: 4574: 4573: 4533:Zande languages 4517: 4512: 4296: 4280: 4275: 4245: 4240: 4220: 4167: 3924: 3856: 3833: 3815: 3732: 3684: 3641: 3518: 3408: 3406: 3400: 3357: 3341: 3336: 3306: 3301: 3230: 3194: 3189: 3159: 3154: 3131: 3098: 3045: 2987: 2939: 2896: 2813: 2808: 2778: 2773: 2742: 2721: 2695: 2690: 2653: 2619:A Zande Grammar 2612: 2607: 2606: 2599:A Zande Grammar 2595: 2591: 2584:A Zande Grammar 2580: 2576: 2569:A Zande Grammar 2565: 2561: 2554:A Zande Grammar 2550: 2546: 2539:A Zande Grammar 2535: 2531: 2524:A Zande Grammar 2520: 2516: 2509:A Zande Grammar 2505: 2501: 2494:A Zande Grammar 2490: 2486: 2479:A Zande Grammar 2475: 2471: 2463: 2459: 2451: 2447: 2439: 2435: 2427: 2423: 2415: 2411: 2400: 2396: 2375: 2371: 2361: 2350: 2346: 2336: 2325: 2321: 2316: 2241: 2196: 2179: 2173:-> 'house') 2094: 2041: 2022: 1994: 1989: 1953:kama na ue bawe 1933:10). 40 (20+20) 1734: 1730: 1726: 1724: 1723: 1699:For instance, 1671: 1611: 1591: 1589:The substantive 1323:-> ‘chest’, 1303: 1275:Objective Form 1149: 1144: 1126: 916: 912: 829: 592: 292: 258: 253: 222:Zande languages 207: 191: 184: 169: 164: 143: 117:Zande languages 85: 82:Language family 80: 70: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4624: 4614: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4572: 4571: 4564: 4557: 4549: 4546: 4545: 4528: 4514: 4513: 4511: 4510: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4480: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4435: 4430: 4425: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4365: 4360: 4355: 4350: 4345: 4340: 4335: 4330: 4325: 4320: 4315: 4310: 4304: 4302: 4298: 4297: 4295: 4294: 4288: 4286: 4282: 4281: 4274: 4273: 4266: 4259: 4251: 4242: 4241: 4239: 4238: 4232: 4230: 4229:Sign languages 4226: 4225: 4222: 4221: 4219: 4218: 4213: 4208: 4203: 4198: 4193: 4188: 4183: 4177: 4175: 4169: 4168: 4166: 4165: 4160: 4155: 4150: 4145: 4140: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4065: 4060: 4055: 4050: 4045: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4015: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3995: 3990: 3985: 3980: 3975: 3970: 3965: 3960: 3955: 3950: 3945: 3940: 3934: 3932: 3926: 3925: 3923: 3922: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3902: 3897: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3866: 3864: 3858: 3857: 3855: 3854: 3849: 3843: 3841: 3835: 3834: 3832: 3831: 3825: 3823: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3813: 3808: 3803: 3798: 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3748: 3742: 3740: 3734: 3733: 3731: 3730: 3725: 3720: 3715: 3710: 3705: 3700: 3694: 3692: 3690:Kasai-Oriental 3686: 3685: 3683: 3682: 3677: 3672: 3667: 3662: 3657: 3651: 3649: 3643: 3642: 3640: 3639: 3634: 3629: 3624: 3619: 3614: 3609: 3604: 3599: 3594: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3574: 3569: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3539: 3534: 3528: 3526: 3520: 3519: 3517: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3501: 3496: 3491: 3486: 3481: 3476: 3471: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3451: 3446: 3441: 3436: 3431: 3425: 3423: 3414: 3402: 3401: 3399: 3398: 3393: 3383: 3378: 3377: 3376: 3365: 3363: 3359: 3358: 3356: 3355: 3349: 3347: 3343: 3342: 3335: 3334: 3327: 3320: 3312: 3303: 3302: 3300: 3299: 3294: 3289: 3284: 3279: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3254: 3249: 3244: 3238: 3236: 3232: 3231: 3229: 3228: 3223: 3218: 3213: 3208: 3202: 3200: 3196: 3195: 3188: 3187: 3180: 3173: 3165: 3156: 3155: 3153: 3152: 3147: 3141: 3139: 3133: 3132: 3130: 3129: 3124: 3119: 3114: 3108: 3106: 3100: 3099: 3097: 3096: 3091: 3086: 3081: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3061: 3055: 3053: 3047: 3046: 3044: 3043: 3038: 3033: 3028: 3023: 3018: 3013: 3008: 3003: 2997: 2995: 2989: 2988: 2986: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2965: 2960: 2955: 2949: 2947: 2941: 2940: 2938: 2937: 2932: 2927: 2922: 2917: 2912: 2906: 2904: 2898: 2897: 2895: 2894: 2889: 2884: 2879: 2874: 2869: 2864: 2859: 2854: 2849: 2844: 2839: 2834: 2829: 2823: 2821: 2815: 2814: 2807: 2806: 2799: 2792: 2784: 2775: 2774: 2772: 2771: 2766: 2761: 2756: 2750: 2748: 2744: 2743: 2741: 2740: 2735: 2729: 2727: 2723: 2722: 2720: 2719: 2714: 2712:Zande language 2709: 2703: 2701: 2697: 2696: 2689: 2688: 2681: 2674: 2666: 2660: 2659: 2652: 2651:External links 2649: 2648: 2647: 2635: 2624: 2611: 2608: 2605: 2604: 2589: 2574: 2559: 2544: 2529: 2514: 2499: 2484: 2469: 2457: 2445: 2433: 2421: 2409: 2394: 2369: 2344: 2318: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2311: 2310: 2309: 2308: 2291: 2290: 2289: 2288: 2266: 2265: 2264: 2263: 2240: 2237: 2213:-> 'them', 2195: 2192: 2190:'five knives' 2184:For instance, 2178: 2175: 2120:    2116:-> 'that', 2102:-> 'this', 2093: 2090: 2082:-> 'home') 2021: 2018: 1993: 1990: 1988: 1985: 1916: 1915: 1909: 1903: 1891: 1890: 1875: 1874: 1868: 1856: 1855: 1840: 1839: 1833: 1823: 1822: 1815: 1803: 1802: 1790: 1789: 1783: 1777: 1722: 1719: 1669: 1668: 1662: 1656: 1650: 1644: 1638: 1628: 1627: 1621: 1610: 1607: 1590: 1587: 1577: 1576: 1573: 1569: 1568: 1565: 1561: 1560: 1557: 1553: 1552: 1549: 1545: 1544: 1541: 1532: 1531: 1528: 1524: 1523: 1520: 1516: 1515: 1512: 1508: 1507: 1504: 1500: 1499: 1496: 1492: 1491: 1488: 1484: 1483: 1480: 1453: 1452: 1449: 1445: 1444: 1441: 1437: 1436: 1433: 1429: 1428: 1425: 1421: 1420: 1417: 1413: 1412: 1409: 1405: 1404: 1401: 1392: 1391: 1388: 1384: 1383: 1380: 1376: 1375: 1372: 1368: 1367: 1364: 1360: 1359: 1356: 1352: 1351: 1348: 1333:-> ‘home’, 1299: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1288: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1277: 1276: 1273: 1270: 1258: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1247: 1246: 1243: 1240: 1236: 1235: 1232: 1229: 1225: 1224: 1221: 1218: 1214: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1203: 1202: 1199: 1196: 1192: 1191: 1188: 1185: 1181: 1180: 1177: 1174: 1170: 1169: 1167:Objective Form 1164: 1159: 1148: 1145: 1143: 1140: 1125: 1122: 1119: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1094: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1082: 1079: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1067: 1064: 1061: 1058: 1055: 1052: 1049: 1046: 1043: 1040: 1037: 1034: 1031: 1028: 1025: 1005: 1004: 1001: 998: 995: 992: 989: 986: 983: 980: 977: 974: 971: 968: 965: 962: 959: 956: 953: 950: 947: 944: 941: 938: 935: 932: 907: 906: 903: 900: 897: 894: 891: 888: 885: 882: 879: 876: 873: 870: 867: 864: 861: 858: 855: 852: 849: 828: 827:Writing system 825: 822: 821: 819: 817: 810: 803: 801: 799: 793: 792: 785: 778: 771: 764: 757: 750: 744: 743: 736: 729: 727: 725: 718: 711: 705: 704: 697: 690: 688: 686: 679: 672: 666: 665: 658: 651: 649: 647: 640: 633: 627: 626: 619: 611: 610: 605: 600: 591: 588: 587: 586: 583: 577: 576: 569: 567: 560: 558: 556: 554: 548: 547: 545: 543: 541: 528: 526: 520: 519: 517: 515: 513: 511: 504: 497: 491: 490: 488: 486: 484: 482: 479: 476: 470: 469: 467: 465: 463: 461: 454: 447: 442: 436: 435: 428: 421: 419: 417: 410: 403: 397: 396: 393: 390: 388: 386: 383: 380: 374: 373: 366: 359: 357: 355: 348: 341: 336: 330: 329: 327: 325: 318: 316: 309: 302: 296: 295: 288: 283: 278: 273: 268: 263: 257: 254: 252: 249: 213: 212: 205: 197: 196: 189: 181: 180: 179:Language codes 176: 175: 170: 166:Writing system 163: 160: 159: 158: 157: 154: 149: 145: 144: 142: 141: 140: 139: 138: 137: 136: 135: 134: 133: 132: 131: 130: 129: 96:Atlantic-Congo 88: 86: 79: 76: 75: 63: 59: 58: 53: 49: 48: 35: 34:Native to 31: 30: 24: 23: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4623: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4583: 4581: 4570: 4565: 4563: 4558: 4556: 4551: 4550: 4544: 4542: 4538: 4534: 4529: 4526: 4522: 4521: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4451: 4449: 4446: 4444: 4441: 4439: 4436: 4434: 4431: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4366: 4364: 4361: 4359: 4356: 4354: 4351: 4349: 4346: 4344: 4341: 4339: 4336: 4334: 4331: 4329: 4326: 4324: 4321: 4319: 4316: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4305: 4303: 4299: 4293: 4290: 4289: 4287: 4283: 4279: 4272: 4267: 4265: 4260: 4258: 4253: 4252: 4249: 4237: 4234: 4233: 4231: 4227: 4217: 4214: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4174: 4170: 4164: 4161: 4159: 4156: 4154: 4151: 4149: 4146: 4144: 4141: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3964: 3961: 3959: 3956: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3935: 3933: 3931: 3927: 3921: 3918: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3903: 3901: 3898: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3888: 3886: 3883: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3867: 3865: 3863: 3859: 3853: 3850: 3848: 3845: 3844: 3842: 3840: 3836: 3830: 3827: 3826: 3824: 3822: 3818: 3812: 3809: 3807: 3804: 3802: 3799: 3797: 3794: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3772: 3769: 3767: 3764: 3762: 3759: 3757: 3754: 3752: 3749: 3747: 3744: 3743: 3741: 3739: 3735: 3729: 3726: 3724: 3721: 3719: 3716: 3714: 3711: 3709: 3706: 3704: 3701: 3699: 3696: 3695: 3693: 3691: 3687: 3681: 3678: 3676: 3673: 3671: 3668: 3666: 3663: 3661: 3658: 3656: 3653: 3652: 3650: 3648: 3644: 3638: 3635: 3633: 3630: 3628: 3625: 3623: 3620: 3618: 3615: 3613: 3610: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3552:Central Banda 3550: 3548: 3545: 3543: 3540: 3538: 3535: 3533: 3530: 3529: 3527: 3525: 3521: 3515: 3512: 3510: 3507: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3490: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3427: 3426: 3424: 3422: 3418: 3415: 3412: 3403: 3397: 3394: 3391: 3390:Congo Swahili 3387: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3375: 3372: 3371: 3370: 3367: 3366: 3364: 3360: 3354: 3351: 3350: 3348: 3344: 3340: 3333: 3328: 3326: 3321: 3319: 3314: 3313: 3310: 3298: 3295: 3293: 3290: 3288: 3285: 3283: 3280: 3278: 3275: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3265: 3263: 3260: 3258: 3255: 3253: 3250: 3248: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3239: 3237: 3233: 3227: 3224: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3204: 3203: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3186: 3181: 3179: 3174: 3172: 3167: 3166: 3163: 3151: 3148: 3146: 3143: 3142: 3140: 3138: 3134: 3128: 3125: 3123: 3120: 3118: 3115: 3113: 3110: 3109: 3107: 3105: 3101: 3095: 3092: 3090: 3087: 3085: 3082: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3067: 3065: 3062: 3060: 3057: 3056: 3054: 3052: 3048: 3042: 3039: 3037: 3034: 3032: 3029: 3027: 3024: 3022: 3019: 3017: 3014: 3012: 3009: 3007: 3004: 3002: 2999: 2998: 2996: 2994: 2990: 2984: 2981: 2979: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2969: 2966: 2964: 2961: 2959: 2956: 2954: 2953:Central Banda 2951: 2950: 2948: 2946: 2942: 2936: 2933: 2931: 2928: 2926: 2923: 2921: 2918: 2916: 2913: 2911: 2908: 2907: 2905: 2903: 2899: 2893: 2890: 2888: 2885: 2883: 2880: 2878: 2875: 2873: 2870: 2868: 2865: 2863: 2860: 2858: 2855: 2853: 2850: 2848: 2845: 2843: 2840: 2838: 2835: 2833: 2832:Ɓùlì, Ɓìyàndà 2830: 2828: 2825: 2824: 2822: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2805: 2800: 2798: 2793: 2791: 2786: 2785: 2782: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2755: 2752: 2751: 2749: 2745: 2739: 2736: 2734: 2731: 2730: 2728: 2724: 2718: 2715: 2713: 2710: 2708: 2705: 2704: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2687: 2682: 2680: 2675: 2673: 2668: 2667: 2664: 2658: 2655: 2654: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2631: 2625: 2621: 2620: 2614: 2613: 2600: 2593: 2585: 2578: 2570: 2563: 2555: 2548: 2540: 2533: 2525: 2518: 2510: 2503: 2495: 2488: 2480: 2473: 2466: 2461: 2455:, p. 94. 2454: 2449: 2442: 2437: 2430: 2425: 2418: 2413: 2405: 2398: 2390: 2386: 2385: 2380: 2373: 2365: 2359: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2340: 2334: 2333: 2328: 2323: 2319: 2306: 2303: 2302: 2301: 2300: 2299: 2297: 2296: 2286: 2284: 2278: 2277: 2276: 2275: 2274: 2272: 2271: 2261: 2259: 2253: 2252: 2251: 2250: 2249: 2247: 2246: 2236: 2234: 2229: 2227: 2222: 2221:-> 'him') 2220: 2216: 2212: 2209:-> 'saw', 2208: 2203: 2201: 2191: 2189: 2185: 2182: 2174: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2162: 2158: 2156: 2152: 2150: 2146: 2144: 2140: 2137: 2135: 2131: 2129: 2125: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2089: 2087: 2083: 2081: 2078:-> 'man', 2077: 2073: 2069: 2068: 2063: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2038:-> 'my') 2037: 2033: 2028: 2026: 2017: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2003: 2001: 1997: 1984: 1982: 1978: 1976: 1972: 1970: 1966: 1964: 1960: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1945: 1941: 1939: 1935: 1934: 1930: 1928: 1925: 1921: 1920: 1913: 1910: 1907: 1904: 1901: 1898: 1897: 1896: 1895: 1888: 1885: 1884: 1883: 1882: 1879: 1872: 1869: 1866: 1863: 1862: 1861: 1860: 1853: 1850: 1847: 1846: 1845: 1844: 1837: 1834: 1831: 1828: 1827: 1826: 1820: 1816: 1813: 1810: 1809: 1808: 1807: 1800: 1797: 1796: 1795: 1794: 1787: 1784: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1771: 1770: 1769: 1765: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1742: 1738: 1729: 1718: 1716: 1712: 1710: 1706: 1704: 1700: 1697: 1696: 1691: 1690: 1685: 1683: 1678: 1675: 1672: 1666: 1663: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1645: 1642: 1639: 1636: 1633: 1632: 1631: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1615: 1614: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1597: 1596:For example: 1594: 1586: 1584: 1581:For example, 1574: 1571: 1570: 1566: 1563: 1562: 1558: 1555: 1554: 1550: 1547: 1546: 1542: 1540: 1539: 1529: 1526: 1525: 1521: 1518: 1517: 1513: 1510: 1509: 1505: 1502: 1501: 1497: 1494: 1493: 1489: 1486: 1485: 1481: 1479: 1478: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1467:A ndu ti gani 1464: 1462: 1461:Mi ye ti gimi 1458: 1450: 1447: 1446: 1442: 1439: 1438: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1426: 1423: 1422: 1418: 1416:its (neuter) 1415: 1414: 1410: 1407: 1406: 1402: 1400: 1399: 1389: 1386: 1385: 1381: 1378: 1377: 1373: 1370: 1369: 1365: 1362: 1361: 1357: 1354: 1353: 1349: 1347: 1346: 1341: 1338: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1289: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1278: 1274: 1271: 1269: 1268: 1263: 1255: 1252: 1249: 1248: 1244: 1241: 1238: 1237: 1233: 1230: 1227: 1226: 1222: 1219: 1216: 1215: 1211: 1208: 1205: 1204: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1193: 1189: 1186: 1183: 1182: 1178: 1175: 1172: 1171: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1158: 1157: 1152: 1139: 1136: 1135: 1131: 1130: 1116: 1113: 1110: 1107: 1104: 1101: 1098: 1095: 1092: 1089: 1086: 1083: 1080: 1077: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1053: 1050: 1047: 1044: 1041: 1038: 1035: 1032: 1029: 1026: 1023: 1022: 1016: 1014: 1010: 1002: 999: 996: 993: 990: 987: 984: 981: 978: 975: 972: 969: 966: 963: 960: 957: 954: 951: 948: 945: 942: 939: 936: 933: 930: 929: 923: 920: 904: 901: 898: 895: 892: 889: 886: 883: 880: 877: 874: 871: 868: 865: 862: 859: 856: 853: 850: 847: 846: 840: 838: 834: 820: 818: 815: 811: 808: 804: 802: 800: 798: 795: 794: 790: 786: 783: 779: 776: 772: 769: 765: 762: 758: 755: 751: 749: 746: 745: 741: 737: 734: 730: 728: 726: 723: 719: 716: 712: 710: 707: 706: 702: 698: 695: 691: 689: 687: 684: 680: 677: 673: 671: 668: 667: 663: 659: 656: 652: 650: 648: 645: 641: 638: 634: 632: 629: 628: 625: 618: 612: 609: 604: 598: 584: 581: 580: 574: 570: 568: 565: 561: 559: 557: 555: 553: 549: 546: 544: 542: 539: 533: 527: 525: 521: 518: 516: 514: 512: 509: 505: 502: 498: 493: 492: 489: 487: 485: 483: 480: 477: 472: 471: 468: 466: 464: 462: 459: 455: 452: 448: 443: 441: 437: 433: 429: 426: 422: 420: 418: 415: 411: 408: 404: 399: 398: 394: 391: 389: 387: 384: 381: 376: 375: 371: 367: 364: 360: 358: 356: 353: 349: 346: 342: 337: 335: 331: 328: 326: 323: 319: 317: 314: 310: 307: 303: 301: 297: 294: 289: 287: 284: 282: 279: 277: 274: 272: 269: 267: 264: 261: 248: 245: 243: 239: 235: 231: 227: 223: 219: 210: 206: 204: 203: 198: 194: 190: 187: 182: 177: 174: 171: 167: 161: 155: 152: 151: 150: 146: 128: 125: 124: 123: 122:Zande–Nzakara 120: 119: 118: 115: 114: 113: 110: 109: 107: 104: 103: 102: 99: 98: 97: 94: 93: 91: 87: 83: 77: 73: 68: 64: 60: 57: 54: 50: 47: 43: 39: 36: 32: 29: 25: 20: 4606:Zande people 4541:expanding it 4530: 4507: 4343:Belanda Viri 4162: 3781:Luba-Katanga 3296: 3006:Belanda Viri 2934: 2877:Ngbākā-Mānzā 2711: 2693:Zande people 2642: 2629: 2618: 2610:Bibliography 2598: 2592: 2583: 2577: 2568: 2562: 2553: 2547: 2538: 2532: 2523: 2517: 2508: 2502: 2493: 2487: 2478: 2472: 2460: 2448: 2436: 2431:, p. 1. 2424: 2412: 2403: 2397: 2388: 2382: 2372: 2355: 2347: 2330: 2322: 2304: 2294: 2293: 2292: 2282: 2280: 2269: 2268: 2267: 2260:kina gimi ru 2257: 2255: 2244: 2243: 2242: 2232: 2230: 2225: 2223: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2204: 2199: 2197: 2187: 2186: 2183: 2180: 2170: 2167:agu bambu re 2166: 2165: 2160: 2159: 2155:agi aboro re 2154: 2153: 2148: 2147: 2142: 2141: 2138: 2133: 2132: 2127: 2126: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2112: 2107: 2103: 2099: 2098: 2095: 2085: 2084: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2070: 2066: 2064: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2050: 2045: 2044: 2040: 2035: 2031: 2029: 2024: 2023: 2016:-> 'boy' 2013: 2009: 2005: 2004: 1999: 1998: 1995: 1987:Morphosyntax 1980: 1979: 1977:-> 2,000 1974: 1973: 1971:-> 1,000 1968: 1967: 1962: 1961: 1956: 1952: 1948: 1947: 1943: 1942: 1938:boro ru e ue 1937: 1936: 1932: 1931: 1926: 1923: 1922: 1918: 1917: 1911: 1905: 1899: 1894:8). Above 20 1893: 1892: 1886: 1880: 1877: 1876: 1870: 1864: 1858: 1857: 1851: 1848: 1842: 1841: 1835: 1829: 1824: 1818: 1811: 1805: 1804: 1798: 1792: 1791: 1785: 1779: 1773: 1767: 1766: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1744: 1740: 1739: 1735: 1714: 1713: 1708: 1707: 1702: 1701: 1698: 1694: 1692: 1688: 1686: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1664: 1659:oni na manga 1658: 1653:ani na manga 1652: 1646: 1640: 1634: 1629: 1623: 1617: 1612: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1595: 1592: 1582: 1580: 1471: 1466: 1465: 1460: 1459: 1456: 1408:its(animal) 1363:thine/yours 1339: 1334: 1330: 1329: 1324: 1320: 1319: 1314: 1310: 1309: 1305: 1302: 1261: 1166: 1162:Subject Form 1161: 1150: 1137: 1133: 1132: 1128: 1127: 1011: 1008: 921: 910: 832: 830: 246: 232:and western 217: 216: 200: 126: 27: 4388:Juba Arabic 4201:Kinyarwanda 3885:Kinyarwanda 3632:South Banda 2973:South Banda 2453:Tucker 1959 2417:Impens 2001 2062:'his home' 2008:-> 'I', 2000:Mi nga gude 1959:-> and) 1955:-> 120 ( 1951:-> 100, 1647:ko na manga 1641:mo na manga 1635:mi na manga 1618:mi na manga 1572:themselves 1564:themselves 1556:yourselves 1134:Translation 552:Approximant 234:South Sudan 101:Volta-Congo 90:Niger–Congo 46:South Sudan 4580:Categories 4503:West Banda 3746:Bangubangu 3454:Lia-Ntomba 3405:Indigenous 2978:West Banda 2391:: 449–514. 2357:Ethnologue 2332:Ethnologue 2314:References 2143:gi boro re 2134:Mo di gure 2086:ku Gangura 1996:S + V + O 1992:Word Order 1965:-> 200 1799:bawe -> 1774:bati -> 1665:i na manga 1624:mi a manga 1548:ourselves 1291:they/them 1250:they/them 1142:Morphology 670:Near-close 256:Consonants 4373:Dongotono 4358:Daasanach 4128:Nyanga-li 3930:Orientale 3862:Nord-Kivu 3718:Salampasu 3407:languages 2862:Mbódɔ̀mɔ̀ 2842:Làì, Kàrà 2441:Gore 1931 2429:Gore 1931 2161:agi yo re 1887:boro ru e 1806:4). 11-14 1756:'three', 1682:nga…te/ya 1482:Singular 1350:Singular 709:Close-mid 616:unrounded 445:voiceless 440:Fricative 339:voiceless 276:Retroflex 251:Phonology 202:Glottolog 186:ISO 639-3 52:Ethnicity 4398:Jur Modo 4173:Sud-Kivu 4088:Mangbutu 4083:Mangbetu 3821:Kinshasa 3622:Pagibete 3524:Équateur 3421:Bandundu 3411:province 3396:Tshiluba 3084:Monzombo 3069:Gbanzili 3021:Mangayat 2827:Bàngàndò 2643:vdoc.pub 2295:susa (i) 2149:gi ko re 1760:'four', 1689:nga… te' 1511:herself 1503:himself 1325:ngbadure 1321:ngbaduse 1206:she/her 1147:Pronouns 748:Open-mid 474:prenasal 378:prenasal 271:Alveolar 209:zand1248 156:Makaraka 148:Dialects 112:Ubangian 106:Savannas 62:speakers 4483:Shilluk 4443:Mangaya 4363:Didinga 4318:Avokaya 4292:English 4206:Kirundi 4196:Kabwari 4186:Fuliiru 4133:Nzakara 4118:Ngelima 4073:Lugbara 3963:Barambu 3953:Bangala 3948:Avokaya 3905:Talinga 3890:Kirundi 3839:Maniema 3738:Katanga 3703:Dengese 3660:Bushong 3637:Yangere 3612:Ngbundu 3607:Ngbinda 3602:Ngbandi 3572:Mbandja 3562:Losengo 3484:Sengele 3444:Hungana 3386:Swahili 3381:Lingala 3226:English 3145:Ngbandi 3137:Ngbandi 2983:Yangere 2968:Ngbundu 2958:Mbandja 2930:Nzakara 2910:Barambu 2215:i ni pe 2072:ku kuma 1981:mirioni 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Index

Democratic Republic of the Congo
Central African Republic
South Sudan
Zande
L1
L2
Language family
Niger–Congo
Atlantic-Congo
Volta-Congo
Savannas
Ubangian
Zande languages
Zande–Nzakara
Writing system
Latin
ISO 639-3
zne
Glottolog
zand1248
Zande languages
Azande
Democratic Republic of the Congo
South Sudan
Central African Republic
Lingala
Labial
Alveolar
Retroflex
Palatal

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