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643:, originally aiming at organizing an opposition to Lenin. After the April conference of the RSDLP, Bosch came to change her position, adhering to Lenin's ideas. Her reconciliation with Lenin cost her her marriage. She was elected chairman of a district (okrug) Party Committee and then of a provincial (oblast) Party Committee in the
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The more rigorous comrades argued that suicide, however justified it might be by incurable illness, remained an act of indiscipline. Besides, in this particular case suicide was a proof of
Oppositional leanings. There was no national funeral, only a local one; no urn in the Kremlin wall, only a place
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During the period after
November 1919 she was under treatment for her tuberculosis and related ailments. She occasionally held secondary positions in the Central Committee of the All-Russian Union of Land and Forest Workers, the People's Commissariat of Education, the Central Union Commission and the
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Female
Gymnasium, after which, due to a health condition, she worked for her stepfather as a secretary. Being stuck in her parents' household, Yevgenia sought the means to leave. Her older brother Oleksiy acquainted her with his friend Peter Bosch, who was an owner of a local small wagon shop. At 16,
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with
Germany, which gave control of territories in western Ukraine to Germany. She resigned her government post in protest and organised worker battalions to resist the advance of the German army through Ukraine. She enlisted, along with Pyatakov and her daughter Maria, in the Red Army forces led by
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Bosch became
Minister of the Interior when the Bolsheviks took control of the government in January 1918. As Soviet Ukraine's first Minister of the Interior and Head of the Secret Police, Evgenia Bosch was effectively head of the government, responsible for taking direct charge of the Soviet fight
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Bosch was instrumental in launching the First All-Ukrainian
Congress of Soviets (December 11–12, 1917, Kharkiv). At this Congress, the Ukrainian People's Republic was proclaimed to be a Soviet Republic, and its membership in a federation with Soviet Russia was also declared. She was elected to the
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wife. Bosch's parents quarrelled often and her childhood was reportedly an unhappy one. She was educated at the
Voznesensk women's gymnasium. At age 17, her parents attempted to arrange a marriage to an older man, but she rebelled and married a bourgeois businessman named Peter Bosch. They had two
524:, was a dedicated revolutionary. The Bosch house was searched by the police for illegal political literature in 1906. The police search was unsuccessful, but Bosch left her husband and fled to Kyiv, where she joined the revolutionary underground. In 1907, she divorced her husband and moved to
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People's
Commissariat of Food for the provision of aid to the starving, and the People's Commissariat of Workers' and Peasants' Inspection and wrote her memoirs. In 1920–22, she chaired the Military Historical Commission, but from 1922, she was incapacitated by severe illness.
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A number of other important objects in
Ukraine and other places in the Soviet Union were given her name, most of which were renamed after 1991 and particularly since 2015, when communist monuments, communist street names and other toponyms have been outlawed in Ukraine under
688:. She became ill with tuberculosis and heart disease, however, and after several months of recuperation, she left Ukraine for Russia, where she filled political and military administrative posts for the next few years as the civil war continued.
639:, Bosch and Pyatakov were among the first Bolshevik emigres to return to Petrograd. She moved soon afterwards to Kyiv, where she was elected chairman of the party committee for the Southwestern region. She then returned to what was then the
699:. She was then posted to the Caspian-Caucasus front, and later to Astrakhan. In 1919, she was a member of the committee for the defence of Lithuania and Belarus, and then served as a political commissar for the war against
667:, also known as the Central Rada, as well as its laws and instructions. The decrees of the Petrograd Council of People's Commissars extended to Ukraine and an official alliance with the Russian Red Army was declared.
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noblewoman Maria
Krusser. Yevgenia Bosch was the fifth and youngest child in the family. Soon after the death of Gotlieb Meisch, Maria Krusser married her husband's brother, Theodore Meisch.
535:, chekist), conducted underground revolutionary activities. Much of the Kyiv group was arrested and exiled in 1910, but Bosch remained in Kyiv and found a lover and revolutionary partner in
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We believe that the development of productive forces and social power of the proletariat have not reached the level at which the working class could carry out the socialist revolution.
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and the Acting Leader of the provisional Soviet government of Ukraine in 1917. For that reason she is also sometimes considered the first Prime Minister of independent Ukraine.
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was named in Bosch's honour when it was raised in 1925. Yevgeniya Bosch Bridge, which existed in Kyiv from 1925 to 1941, was named after her. The bridge was constructed by
539:. Bosch was head of the Kyiv Committee of the Russian Social Democratic Worker's Party (RSDRP). Bosch and Pyatakov led the Kyiv committee until their arrest and exile to
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Her suicide was met with an immediate, deliberate effort by the Soviet government to suppress official acknowledgement of her status as a major Bolshevik leader.
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where an émigré group of revolutionaries was active. Bosch accepted Lenin's invitation and attended the conference of Russian revolutionaries in
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In Kyiv, she established contact with the local Bolshevik faction, and together with her younger sister Elena Rozmirovich (future wife of
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in 1923. She was harshly critical of the “bureaucratic group” she saw controlling the Soviet government. She was a supporter of
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584:). She was initially opposed to Lenin's desire to urge the proletariat towards revolution. Still in Switzerland, together with
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leadership. In 1924, she succumbed to despair after hearing that Trotsky had been forced to resign as leader of the
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According to another source, Yevgenia Bosch was born in Ukraine to Gottlieb Meisch, an ethnic German immigrant from
422:
22 August] 1879 – 5 January 1925) was a Ukrainian Bolshevik revolutionary, politician, and member of the
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befitting her rank in the plot reserved for communists in the Novo-Devichy cemetery. Forty lines of obituary in
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Yevgenia Bosch is sometimes considered the first modern woman leader of a national government, having been
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A Year of Struggle: The Struggle for the Régime in the Ukraine from April 1917 to the German Occupation
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703:. Throughout this civil war period, she is reputed to have slept with a revolver under her pillow.
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and others, and stood in opposition to Lenin concerning the nationalities factor. Her newspaper
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Bosch, Evgenia. "Regional Party Committee of the S.-D (B-Kov) of the South-Western Region"
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Bosch had a growing interest in radical politics. She had limited involvement with the
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Alongside Pyatakov, Bosch managed to escape from Kachuga volost (Upper-Lena uyezd,
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where Bosch lived at vulytsia Velyka Pidvalna, 25 (today vulytsia Yaroslaviv Val).
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1021:. XPOHOC: World history on the Internet. (Russian). Retrieved September 14, 2018.
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faction in 1903. She tried to educate herself while raising her two daughters.
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government in Ukraine during the revolutionary period in the early 20th century.
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Bosch, Evgenia. "Meetings and conversations with Vladimir Ilyich (1915-1918)"
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blown up by retreating Polish troops in 1920. The bridge was destroyed during
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Party Committee during the controversy that led to the issue of the so-called
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in a family of a German colonist, mechanic, and landowner Gotlieb Meisch, and
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966:"Em 25 anos, dobra número de mulheres no comando de países em todo o mundo"
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Bosch, Evgenia. The National Government and Soviet Power in Ukraine (1919)
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Bosch had two patronyms - the Slavic Bogdanova and the German Gotlibovna (
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against the bourgeois business owners' and landlords' counter-revolution.
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789:. The site of the Bosch bridge is now the location of the Metro Bridge.
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1071:"Governments of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic - Officials"
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1192:"El rol de las mujeres socialistas al inicio de la revolución rusa"
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Yevgenia married Bosch, and later gave birth to two daughters.
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968:. Revista Fórum. (Portuguese). Retrieved September 14, 2018.
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Poroshenko signs laws on denouncing Communist, Nazi regimes
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Comrades in Arms: Bolshevik Women in the Russian Revolution
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In March, Bosch was outraged when the Soviets signed the
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Lithuanian–Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic people
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Shmidt, O.Yu.; Bukharin N.I.; et al., eds. (1927).
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Goodbye, Lenin: Ukraine moves to ban communist symbols
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727:, the first official statement by the opposition to
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Afterwards she lived for some time with Pyatakov in
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in 1912. During her imprisonment, she fell ill with
1318:. New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 26.
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513:(RSDLP) and after the II Party Congress joined the
72:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2527:Expatriates from the Russian Empire in Switzerland
1279:Bosch, Evgenia. "October days in the Kyiv region"
1241:In pictures: Ukraine removes communist-era symbols
1197:. Archivo Chile, Centro Estudios "Miguel Enríquez"
445:22 August] 1879 in Adjigiol village near
16:Ukrainian revolutionary and politician (1879–1925)
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572:Afterwards, Bosch and Pyatakov made their way to
441:Officially, Bosch was born 3 September [
2462:People from the Russian Empire of German descent
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804:and gave birth to Oleh Yuriyovych Kotsyubynsky.
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457:, but some records report that she was born in
2487:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party members
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1019:"Bosch Eugenia Bogdanovna, BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX"
912:Also transliterated from Russian/Ukrainian as
691:In August 1918, she was the chairwoman of the
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509:. In 1901, at 22, she became a member of the
1017:Rumyantsev, Vyacheslav (January 20, 2000).
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1131:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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675:Opposition to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
132:Learn how and when to remove this message
2482:20th-century Ukrainian women politicians
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766:, were published posthumously in 1925.
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236:30 December 1917 – 1 March 1918
192:30 December 1917 – 1 March 1918
2532:Suicides by firearm in the Soviet Union
2517:Perpetrators of the Red Terror (Russia)
1354:People's Secretary of Internal Affairs
1162:Большая советская энциклопедия volume 7
1119:Большая советская энциклопедия volume 7
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2542:Soviet politicians who died by suicide
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511:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
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1096:"Revolutionary Women: Yevgenia Bosch"
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520:In the meantime, her younger sister,
2507:Soviet interior ministers of Ukraine
2497:Russian Constituent Assembly members
2472:Ukrainian people of Moldovan descent
1306:God Borby: Borba Za Vlast Na Ukraine
1098:. League for the Fifth International
1046:. Resistance Books. pp. 29–30.
964:Targino, Rafael (February 7, 2015).
70:adding citations to reliable sources
41:
2355:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
2237:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
1175:Revolutionary women: Yevgenia Bosch
769:A large suspension bridge over the
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472:For three years, Yevgenia attended
13:
2467:Ukrainian people of German descent
1409:List of prime ministers of Ukraine
1308:) (Moscow) 1925, republished 1990.
734:Bosch fell out of favour with the
561:, and then, with a short stint in
383:Voznesensk Female Gymnasium (1903)
14:
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2170:People's commissars and ministers
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1238:Vitaly Shevchenko (1 June 2016),
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663:The Congress also denounced the
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2537:Politicians who died by suicide
2447:Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery
1357:December 1917–April 1918
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781:on the base of the remnants of
658:Bolshevik government of Ukraine
588:they established the so-called
57:needs additional citations for
2084:International Representatives
1312:Barbara Evan Clements (1997).
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651:Declaration of Soviet Ukraine
21:Eastern Slavic naming customs
711:Trotskyism, death and legacy
656:People's Secretariat of the
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1417:Ukrainian People's Republic
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632:(then called Christiania).
10:
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1400:Prime Ministers of Ukraine
1148:Memoirs of a Revolutionary
983:Memoirs of a Revolutionary
902:Jewgenija Bogdanowna Bosch
800:Her daughter Olha married
686:Vladimir Antonov-Ovseyenko
665:Central Council of Ukraine
278:Yevgenia Gotlibovna Meisch
19:In this name that follows
18:
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1297:No. 3. pp. 155-173 (1924)
1290:No. 5. pp. 128-149 (1924)
1121:. Moscow. pp. 267–8.
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1283:No. 11. pp. 52–67 (1923)
894:Евге́ния Богда́новна Бош
819:
418:; 3 September [
285:22 August] 1879
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1042:Fairfax, Kathy (1999).
681:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
606:Social Democratic Voice
2552:Female revolutionaries
1947:First Secretary of the
1698:Ivan Kedryn-Rudnytskyi
1633:Vyacheslav Prokopovych
1623:Vyacheslav Prokopovych
1570:Volodymyr Shcherbytsky
1560:Volodymyr Shcherbytsky
1477:Vyacheslav Prokopovych
1295:Proletarian revolution
1288:Proletarian revolution
1281:Proletarian revolution
985:. University of Iowa.
981:Serge, Victor (2002).
901:
874:Євгенія Богданівна Бош
760:
614:
592:(Baugy is a suburb of
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281:3 September [
2117:Mieczislaw Loganowski
1771:Valeriy Pustovoitenko
1643:Kostiantyn Pankivskyi
1600:Government (in exile)
1457:Volodymyr Chekhivskyi
1427:Volodymyr Vynnychenko
783:Nicholas Chain Bridge
751:
725:The Declaration of 46
697:Lenin's Hanging Order
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437:Early life and family
2194:People's Secretaries
2023:People's Secretariat
1723:Cabinet of Ministers
1487:Council of Ministers
1180:Accessed 16 Feb 2009
1164:. 1927. p. 268.
1073:. Ukraine Government
795:decommunization laws
431:Minister of Interior
247:Position established
223:People's Secretariat
203:Position established
66:improve this article
2452:People from Ochakiv
2240:People's Commissars
2172:of interior of the
2127:Yevgeniy Terletskiy
1841:Oleksandr Turchynov
1826:Oleksandr Turchynov
1525:Mykhailo Bondarenko
1432:Vsevolod Holubovych
1178:Fifth International
637:February Revolution
555:Irkutsk Governorate
541:Irkutsk Governorate
463:Kherson Governorate
451:Kherson Governorate
406:Yevgenia Bogdanovna
292:Kherson Governorate
181:of Internal Affairs
2321:Aleksandr Uspensky
2271:Christian Rakovsky
2227:Yuriy Kotsiubynsky
2093:Yuriy Kotsiubynsky
2075:Demian Korotchenko
2070:Mikhail Bondarenko
2055:Christian Rakovsky
1993:Vyacheslav Molotov
1933:Vladimir Zatonskiy
1920:Chairman of VUTsVK
1851:Volodymyr Groysman
1736:Valentyn Symonenko
1628:Oleksander Shulhyn
1550:Demyan Korotchenko
1535:Demyan Korotchenko
1510:Christian Rakovsky
1342:Political offices
1330:Biography of Bosch
814:Rosalia Zemlyachka
802:Yuriy Kotsyubynsky
764:A Year of Struggle
596:), which included
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371:Olha Kotsyubynska
221:Chairwoman of the
215:Yuriy Kotsiubynsky
179:People's Secretary
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2405:Andriy Vasylyshyn
2306:Vsevolod Balitsky
2217:Yevhen Neronovych
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2105:Mikhail Levitskiy
2013:Nikita Khrushchev
1988:Nikolai Nikolayev
1938:Grigory Petrovsky
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1856:Oleksiy Honcharuk
1846:Arseniy Yatsenyuk
1816:Viktor Yanukovych
1796:Viktor Yanukovych
1786:Viktor Yanukovych
1776:Viktor Yushchenko
1746:Yukhym Zvyahilsky
1688:Vasyl Fedoronchuk
1575:Oleksandr Liashko
1555:Nikifor Kalchenko
1545:Nikita Khrushchev
1367:
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1362:office liquidated
1360:Succeeded by
1334:Ukrayinska Pravda
1217:"Dnieper Bridges"
992:978-0-87745-827-2
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715:Bosch joined the
693:Penza Governorate
645:Southwestern Krai
522:Elena Rozmirovich
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2385:Timofei Strokach
2375:Timofei Strokach
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2316:Israel Leplevsky
2296:Ivan Nikolayenko
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2065:Panas Lyubchenko
2040:Nikolai Skripnik
2008:Lazar Kaganovich
2003:Dmitry Manuilsky
1978:Stanislav Kosior
1973:Emmanuil Kviring
1903:
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1821:Yulia Tymoshenko
1811:Yuriy Yekhanurov
1806:Yulia Tymoshenko
1668:Mykola Livytskyi
1618:Andriy Livytskyi
1608:Andriy Livytskyi
1585:Kostyantyn Masyk
1540:Leonid Korniyets
1520:Panas Lyubchenko
1462:Serhii Ostapenko
1442:Mykola Vasylenko
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1349:office installed
1347:Preceded by
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641:Russian Republic
602:Nikolai Krylenko
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533:Nikolai Krylenko
507:Social Democrats
493:Radical politics
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2017:
1968:Serafima Hopner
1963:Georgy Pyatakov
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1254:. 15 May 2015
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762:Her memoirs,
759:
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736:Joseph Stalin
732:
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729:Joseph Stalin
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83: –
82:
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77:Find sources:
71:
67:
61:
60:
55:This article
53:
49:
44:
43:
38:
34:
31: and the
30:
26:
22:
2547:Women in war
2400:Ivan Hladush
2380:Pavlo Meshyk
2211:
2086:(until 1923)
2035:Evgenia Bosh
1731:Vitold Fokin
1678:Atanas Figol
1653:Stepan Baran
1648:Isaak Mazepa
1590:Vitold Fokin
1494:
1472:Isaak Mazepa
1467:Borys Martos
1353:
1314:
1305:
1301:
1294:
1287:
1280:
1271:Bibliography
1240:
1233:
1221:. Retrieved
1211:
1199:. Retrieved
1185:
1177:
1170:
1161:
1156:
1147:
1141:
1118:
1112:
1100:. Retrieved
1075:. Retrieved
1043:
1013:
1001:
982:
960:
925:Russian and
921:
913:
908:
865:
828:
799:
791:
787:World War II
779:Evgeny Paton
768:
763:
761:
755:
752:
748:
733:
721:Leon Trotsky
714:
705:
690:
678:
669:
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634:
615:
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589:
581:
571:
557:), first to
552:
548:tuberculosis
530:
519:
504:
479:
471:
440:
428:
415:
408:
405:
404:
357:Peter Bosch
344:(1901–1912)
326:Soviet Union
322:Russian SFSR
313:(1925-01-05)
254:Succeeded by
246:
231:
210:Succeeded by
202:
187:
143:
128:
119:
109:
102:
95:
88:
76:
64:Please help
59:verification
56:
36:
28:
2442:1925 deaths
2432:1879 births
2060:Vlas Chubar
1913:before 1938
1515:Vlas Chubar
1419:(1917–1920)
858:Го́тлибовна
723:and signed
590:Baugy group
574:Switzerland
559:Vladivostok
467:Bessarabian
349:(1912–1925)
242:Preceded by
198:Preceded by
158:Євгенія Бош
33:family name
2426:Categories
2336:Ivan Serov
2261:Voroshilov
1998:Feliks Kon
1244:, BBC News
1223:24 October
1201:24 October
1102:24 October
1077:24 October
1053:090919694X
952:References
849:Hotlibivna
838:Готлібівна
635:After the
489:children.
484:, and his
482:Luxembourg
474:Voznesensk
379:Alma mater
92:newspapers
29:Bogdanovna
25:patronymic
2358:Ministers
2281:Pavlo Kin
2129:(Baltics)
2101:(Germany)
2095:(Austria)
2027:Sovnarkom
1127:cite book
936:romanized
927:Ukrainian
879:romanized
870:Ukrainian
843:romanized
834:Ukrainian
624:, and in
618:Stockholm
565:, to the
515:Bolshevik
486:Moldavian
449:, in the
388:Signature
354:Spouse(s)
232:In office
188:In office
2123:(Poland)
2113:(Turkey)
1261:BBC News
808:See also
744:Red Army
608:argued:
594:Lausanne
366:Children
225:(acting)
1219:. ASSOL
938::
890:Russian
881::
854:Russian
845::
771:Dnieper
544:Siberia
459:Ochakiv
453:of the
447:Ochakiv
329:(today
301:Ukraine
299:(today
288:Ochakiv
106:scholar
2257:Averin
2174:UkrSSR
1952:of the
1050:
989:
898:German
756:Pravda
630:Norway
622:Sweden
424:Soviet
416:Meisch
347:VKP(b)
331:Russia
318:Moscow
108:
101:
94:
87:
79:
23:, the
1195:(PDF)
942:Maysh
820:Notes
563:Japan
409:Bosch
342:RSDLP
113:JSTOR
99:books
37:Bosch
2183:NKVD
1225:2011
1203:2011
1133:link
1104:2011
1079:2011
1048:ISBN
987:ISBN
931:Майш
914:Bosh
775:Kyiv
626:Oslo
578:Bern
526:Kyiv
443:O.S.
420:O.S.
308:Died
283:O.S.
274:Born
85:news
773:in
731:.
660:.
413:née
68:by
35:is
27:is
2428::
2259:/
2025:/
1332:.
1259:,
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