Knowledge

Extended Graphics Array

Source πŸ“

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systems were standard, however due to more extensive documentation and licensing ISA clones of XGA were made. XGA was integrated into the motherboard of the PS/2 Model 95 XP 486.
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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda
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was increased to 8 bits per channel, and the accelerated functions were enabled at 16 bit color depth. Faster VRAM also improved performance.
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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States
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Unlike with the 8514/A, IBM fully documented the hardware interface to XGA. Further, IBM licensed the XGA design to
273:-illustration). Hardware-level documentation of the XGA was also made, which had not been available for the 8514/A. 57: 2393: 892: 208: 1286: 1262: 1242: 1222: 1202: 1162: 1157: 181:
KB memory expansion (equivalent to $ 2600 and $ 820, respectively, in 2023). As with the 8514/A, XGA required a
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Group introduced a common standardized way to access features like hardware cursors, Bit Block transfers (
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Provides a 3-dimensional drawing space called a "bitmap" which may reside anywhere in system memory
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An improved version called XGA-2 was introduced in 1992 at $ 360, worth $ 780 in 2023 dollars.
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for other tasks, and greatly improves the speed of redrawing a graphics visual (such as a
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circuit and pixel clocks up to 90 MHz, enabling a 75 Hz refresh rate at
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cards respectively supporting those resolutions prior to the eponyms.
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called the "Adapter Interface" or AI. This interface is also used by
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graphics mode with 256 colors at once (8-bit) out of 262,144 (
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resolution was added with 16 bit high color support. The
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line of personal computers in 1990 as a successor to the
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Programmer's Guide to the EGA, VGA, and Super VGA Cards
640:"Famous Graphics Chips: IBM's XGA. The End of an Era" 561:, hardware panning, drawing and other functions with 343:
Hardware level documentation has been provided by IBM
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accessible colors at once (if it were possible with
482:Later clone boards offered additional resolutions: 790: 372:and made 1MB VRAM standard. It had a programmable 356:IBM micro channel architecture XGA-2 graphics card 588:List of defunct graphics chips and card companies 2509: 231:, and clones of the 8514/A and XGA such as the 162:) with up to 65,536 colors. The XGA-2 added an 27:IBM graphics card and computer display standard 839: 565:in August 1996. This, along with standardised 299:Adds a 132 column text mode and high color in 30:"XGA" redirects here. For the video mode, see 1294: 825: 529:graphics with 65,536 and 16.7M colors at once 771: 698: 673: 671: 669: 318:The Adapter Interface driver is moved to a 173:The XGA was introduced at $ 1095 with 515K 1308: 1301: 1287: 832: 818: 667: 665: 663: 661: 659: 657: 655: 653: 651: 649: 637: 287: 261:) onto the hardware. This frees the host 725: 705: 633: 631: 629: 627: 625: 435:graphics with 256 colors out of 262,144; 359: 351: 748:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–" 678:Julio Sanchez; Maria P. Canton (2003). 646: 368:XGA-2 added support for non-interlaced 14: 2538:Computer-related introductions in 1992 2533:Computer-related introductions in 1990 2510: 391: 364:Another variant of XGA-2 graphics card 1282: 813: 746:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. 622: 415:graphics with 65,536 colors at once ( 195:XGA gives its name to the resolution 467:graphics with 65,536 colors at once; 438:text with 85Γ—38 or 146Γ—51 characters 131:. It supports, among other modes, a 315:Adds a sprite for a hardware cursor 24: 2358:ThinkPad 240 with Transmeta Crusoe 765: 563:VBE/accelerator functions (VBE/AF) 25: 2554: 1330:PC business acquisition by Lenovo 340:and access system memory directly 280:which was typically used for the 219:The 8514 had used a standardised 2394:Professional Graphics Controller 475:graphics with 256 colors out of 453:graphics with 256 colors out of 276:XGA introduced a 64x64 hardware 177:and additional $ 350 for the 512 56: 422:text mode with 80Γ—34 characters 2445:Industry Standard Architecture 600: 569:for operating systems such as 13: 1: 774:Power Programming the IBM XGA 593: 207:, despite the IBM 8514/A and 51:Extended Graphics Array (XGA) 43:Extended Video Graphics Array 849:PC-compatible video hardware 740:American Antiquarian Society 720:American Antiquarian Society 7: 791:Richard F. Ferraro (1994). 638:Jon Peddie (8 April 2019). 576: 214: 170:60 Hz non-interlaced. 70:; 34 years ago 10: 2559: 2518:Computer display standards 2399:Multi-Color Graphics Array 2379:Monochrome Display Adapter 1323:Influence on the PC market 841:Computer display standards 183:Micro Channel architecture 36: 29: 2422: 2389:Enhanced Graphics Adapter 2371: 2340: 2312: 2279: 2221: 2143: 2097: 2029: 2001: 1942: 1892: 1872: 1832: 1782: 1747: 1738: 1729: 1656: 1647: 1604: 1430: 1348: 1339: 1317: 1065: 961: 847: 684:. Boca Raton: CRC Press. 533: 257:, and block copies via a 97: 87: 82: 64: 55: 39:Enhanced Graphics Adapter 681:The PC Graphics Handbook 347: 37:Not to be confused with 2414:Extended Graphics Array 288:Differences from 8514/A 123:and introduced for the 109:eXtended Graphics Array 2384:Color Graphics Adapter 610:. Paul Rand Foundation 455:16.7M (24-bit palette) 365: 357: 305:Requires a minimum of 166:65,536 color mode and 1684:PS/2 Note and PS/note 772:Jake Richter (1992). 363: 355: 2404:Video Graphics Array 583:List of IBM products 329:Provisions made for 296:-compatible with VGA 1443:Industrial Computer 1070:display resolutions 964:display resolutions 417:16-bit "high color" 392:Output capabilities 229:IBM Image Adapter/A 185:bus at a time when 52: 2523:IBM video hardware 2477:Music Feature Card 1312:personal computers 795:. Addison-Wesley. 444:XGA-2 introduced: 366: 358: 133:display resolution 50: 2505: 2504: 2440:IBM PC compatible 2308: 2307: 2304: 2303: 2299: 2298: 2295: 2294: 1995: 1994: 1652: 1600: 1599: 1276: 1275: 571:Microsoft Windows 396:The XGA offered: 203:gave its name to 105: 104: 16:(Redirected from 2550: 2353:Power Series 600 1999: 1998: 1745: 1744: 1741: 1740: 1736: 1735: 1654: 1653: 1651: 1346: 1345: 1332: 1325: 1303: 1296: 1289: 1280: 1279: 834: 827: 820: 811: 810: 806: 787: 759: 758: 756: 754: 743: 737: 723: 717: 702: 696: 695: 675: 644: 643: 635: 620: 619: 617: 615: 604: 526: 513: 498: 489: 473: 464: 451: 430: 403: 383: 379: 371: 322:file instead of 302: 233:ATI Technologies 206: 198: 180: 169: 165: 157: 138: 119:manufactured by 111:(usually called 78: 76: 71: 60: 53: 49: 32:XGA (resolution) 21: 2558: 2557: 2553: 2552: 2551: 2549: 2548: 2547: 2508: 2507: 2506: 2501: 2418: 2367: 2336: 2320:Palm Top PC 110 2300: 2291: 2275: 2217: 2139: 2093: 2025: 1991: 1938: 1909:701 "Butterfly" 1888: 1868: 1828: 1778: 1725: 1643: 1596: 1426: 1341: 1335: 1328: 1321: 1313: 1307: 1277: 1272: 1061: 957: 843: 838: 803: 784: 768: 766:Further reading 763: 762: 752: 750: 735: 727:McCusker, J. J. 715: 707:McCusker, J. J. 703: 699: 692: 676: 647: 636: 623: 613: 611: 606: 605: 601: 596: 579: 536: 524: 519:colors at once; 511: 496: 487: 471: 462: 449: 428: 401: 394: 381: 377: 369: 350: 336:XGA can act as 300: 290: 217: 204: 196: 178: 167: 163: 158:at 60 Hz ( 155: 136: 74: 72: 69: 46: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2556: 2546: 2545: 2540: 2535: 2530: 2528:Graphics cards 2525: 2520: 2503: 2502: 2500: 2499: 2494: 2489: 2484: 2479: 2474: 2469: 2468: 2467: 2462: 2452: 2450:IntelliStation 2447: 2442: 2437: 2432: 2426: 2424: 2420: 2419: 2417: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2401: 2396: 2391: 2386: 2381: 2375: 2373: 2372:Video hardware 2369: 2368: 2366: 2365: 2360: 2355: 2350: 2344: 2342: 2338: 2337: 2335: 2334: 2333: 2332: 2322: 2316: 2314: 2310: 2309: 2306: 2305: 2302: 2301: 2297: 2296: 2293: 2292: 2290: 2289: 2283: 2281: 2277: 2276: 2274: 2273: 2268: 2263: 2258: 2253: 2248: 2243: 2238: 2233: 2227: 2225: 2219: 2218: 2216: 2215: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2195: 2190: 2185: 2180: 2175: 2170: 2165: 2160: 2155: 2149: 2147: 2141: 2140: 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575: 567:device drivers 557:), off screen 535: 532: 531: 530: 520: 515:graphics with 508: 491:graphics with 480: 479: 468: 458: 442: 441: 440: 439: 436: 425: 424: 423: 420: 413: 393: 390: 349: 346: 345: 344: 341: 334: 327: 316: 313: 310: 303: 297: 289: 286: 216: 213: 160:non-interlaced 103: 102: 99: 95: 94: 89: 85: 84: 80: 79: 66: 62: 61: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2555: 2544: 2541: 2539: 2536: 2534: 2531: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2521: 2519: 2516: 2515: 2513: 2498: 2495: 2493: 2490: 2488: 2485: 2483: 2480: 2478: 2475: 2473: 2472:Micro Channel 2470: 2466: 2463: 2461: 2458: 2457: 2456: 2453: 2451: 2448: 2446: 2443: 2441: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2431: 2428: 2427: 2425: 2421: 2415: 2412: 2410: 2407: 2405: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2376: 2374: 2370: 2364: 2361: 2359: 2356: 2354: 2351: 2349: 2346: 2345: 2343: 2339: 2331: 2328: 2327: 2326: 2323: 2321: 2318: 2317: 2315: 2311: 2288: 2285: 2284: 2282: 2278: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2264: 2262: 2259: 2257: 2254: 2252: 2249: 2247: 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MIS Press. 775: 770: 769: 749: 741: 734: 733: 728: 721: 714: 713: 708: 701: 693: 691:9780203010532 687: 683: 682: 674: 672: 670: 668: 666: 664: 662: 660: 658: 656: 654: 652: 650: 641: 634: 632: 630: 628: 626: 609: 603: 599: 589: 586: 584: 581: 580: 574: 572: 568: 564: 560: 556: 552: 547: 545: 541: 528: 527: 521: 518: 514: 509: 506: 505:"true color") 504: 494: 490: 485: 484: 483: 478: 474: 469: 466: 465: 459: 456: 452: 447: 446: 445: 437: 434: 433: 431: 426: 421: 418: 414: 411: 407: 406: 404: 399: 398: 397: 389: 387: 375: 362: 354: 342: 339: 335: 332: 328: 325: 321: 317: 314: 311: 308: 304: 298: 295: 292: 291: 285: 283: 282:mouse pointer 279: 274: 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 244: 241: 237: 234: 230: 226: 222: 212: 210: 202: 193: 190: 188: 184: 176: 171: 161: 153: 149: 146:at 43.5  145: 141: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 117:graphics card 114: 110: 100: 96: 93: 90: 86: 81: 67: 63: 59: 54: 48: 44: 40: 33: 19: 2413: 1944:Power Series 1894: 1874: 1834: 1784: 1749: 1668:PS/2 Laptop 1657:pre-ThinkPad 1268:15360 × 8640 945: 792: 773: 751:. Retrieved 731: 711: 700: 680: 614:25 September 612:. Retrieved 602: 548: 542:(inmos) and 537: 523: 522: 516: 510: 500: 492: 486: 481: 476: 470: 461: 460: 454: 448: 443: 427: 400: 395: 367: 331:multitasking 275: 249:operations ( 242: 235: 218: 194: 191: 172: 112: 108: 106: 65:Release date 47: 1664:Convertible 1622:Portable PC 1580:ThinkCentre 875:Plantronics 753:29 February 724:1700–1799: 704:1634–1699: 642:. IEEE.org. 540:SGS-Thomson 525:1280 × 1024 333:environment 199:, as IBM's 88:Predecessor 2512:Categories 2497:ThinkLight 2341:Prototypes 1716:PS/55 Note 1555:ValuePoint 1361:DataMaster 1067:Widescreen 608:"XGA Logo" 594:References 472:1024 × 768 429:1024 × 768 410:18-bit RGB 378:1024 × 768 370:1024 × 768 338:bus master 255:color-fill 247:2D-drawing 197:1024 × 768 168:1024 × 768 152:interlaced 144:256 colors 137:1024 × 768 2455:Keyboards 2435:IBM BASIC 2287:TransNote 1565:PC Series 1263:7680Γ—4800 1253:7680Γ—4320 1248:6400Γ—4800 1243:6400Γ—4096 1238:5760Γ—3240 1233:5120Γ—3200 1228:5120Γ—2880 1223:3840Γ—2400 1218:3200Γ—2400 1208:3840Γ—2160 1203:3200Γ—2048 1198:2560Γ—1600 1188:2560Γ—1440 1183:2048Γ—1152 1178:1920Γ—1200 1168:1920Γ—1080 1163:1680Γ—1050 1057:6400Γ—4800 1052:5120Γ—4096 1047:4096Γ—3072 1042:3200Γ—2400 1037:2560Γ—2048 1032:2048Γ—1536 1027:1600Γ—1200 1022:1400Γ—1050 1017:1280Γ—1024 962:Standard 881:Quadcolor 512:800 × 600 497:640 × 480 488:640 × 480 463:800 × 600 450:640 × 480 412:palette); 402:640 × 480 382:800 × 600 301:640 × 480 267:pie-chart 251:line-draw 205:640 × 480 164:800 × 600 156:640 × 480 98:Successor 2543:IBM PS/2 2492:UltraBay 2430:IBM 5151 2409:IBM 8514 2363:WatchPad 2348:Leapfrog 2313:Handheld 2223:R series 2145:X series 2099:A series 2031:T series 2003:G series 1731:ThinkPad 1605:Portable 1590:M series 1585:A series 1575:NetVista 1550:EduQuest 1158:1680Γ—945 1153:1600Γ—900 1148:1440Γ—900 1143:1366Γ—900 1138:1366Γ—768 1133:1280Γ—800 1128:1280Γ—768 1123:1280Γ—720 1118:1024Γ—576 1012:1152Γ—864 1007:1024Γ—768 729:(1992). 709:(1997). 577:See also 499:pixels) 309:host CPU 294:Register 215:Features 125:IBM PS/2 2487:SurePOS 2465:Model M 2460:Model F 2423:Related 2325:WorkPad 1721:PCradio 1677:CL57 SX 1420:3270 AT 1388:3270 PC 1340:Desktop 1113:854Γ—480 1108:800Γ—480 1103:640Γ—400 1098:480Γ—320 1093:480Γ—270 1088:432Γ—240 1083:320Γ—240 1078:240Γ—160 1002:800Γ—600 997:720Γ—348 992:640Γ—480 987:640Γ—350 982:640Γ—200 977:320Γ—200 972:160Γ—120 559:sprites 555:Bit Blt 326:program 259:blitter 236:Mach 32 115:) is a 83:History 73: ( 2280:Others 1897:series 1877:series 1837:series 1787:series 1752:series 1704:N51SLC 1672:L40 SX 1648:Laptop 1570:Aptiva 1518:70 486 1513:70 386 1478:30 286 1463:25 286 1431:Series 1415:AT/370 1393:XT 286 1383:XT/370 1257:8K UHD 1212:4K UHD 954:(1991) 948:(1990) 942:(1989) 935:AX-VGA 931:(1987) 925:(1987) 919:(1987) 913:(1987) 907:(1987) 901:(1984) 895:(1984) 889:(1984) 883:(1983) 877:(1982) 871:(1982) 865:(1981) 859:(1981) 799:  780:  688:  534:Clones 503:24-bit 380:. The 278:sprite 179:  154:), or 140:pixels 129:8514/A 92:8514/A 2482:Mwave 1854:555BJ 1849:550BJ 1699:N51SX 1694:N45SL 1689:N33SX 1560:Ambra 1535:PS/55 1508:65 SX 1498:55 LS 1493:55 SX 1468:25 SX 1410:PC AT 1378:PC XT 1172:1080p 887:Tandy 736:(PDF) 716:(PDF) 544:Intel 517:16.7M 493:16.7M 477:16.7M 348:XGA-2 307:80386 142:with 101:XGA-2 2213:X61t 2208:X60t 2136:A31p 2133:A30p 2124:A22p 2121:A21p 2118:A20p 2115:A22e 2112:A22m 2109:A21m 2106:A20m 1617:5110 1612:5100 1545:PS/1 1540:PS/V 1488:50 Z 1448:PS/2 1438:5550 1405:PCjr 1356:5120 952:EVGA 940:TIGA 929:SVGA 923:8514 911:MCGA 905:JEGA 797:ISBN 778:ISBN 755:2024 686:ISBN 616:2021 551:VESA 549:The 320:.SYS 238:and 175:VRAM 107:The 75:1990 68:1990 2330:Z50 2271:R61 2266:R60 2261:R52 2256:R51 2251:R50 2246:R40 2241:R32 2236:R31 2231:R30 2203:X60 2198:X41 2193:X40 2188:X32 2183:X31 2178:X30 2173:X24 2168:X23 2163:X22 2158:X21 2153:X20 2130:A31 2127:A30 2089:T61 2084:T60 2079:T43 2074:T42 2069:T41 2064:T40 2059:T30 2054:T23 2049:T22 2044:T21 2039:T20 2021:G50 2016:G41 2011:G40 1987:860 1982:851 1977:850 1972:823 1967:822 1962:821 1957:820 1952:800 1934:770 1929:765 1924:760 1919:755 1914:750 1904:700 1884:600 1864:570 1859:560 1844:500 1824:390 1819:380 1814:365 1809:360 1804:350 1799:310 1794:300 1774:240 1769:235 1764:230 1759:220 1637:P75 1632:P70 1310:IBM 1192:QHD 946:XGA 917:VGA 899:EGA 893:PGC 869:HGC 863:CGA 857:MDA 386:DAC 374:PLL 324:TSR 271:CAD 269:or 263:CPU 243:AGX 240:IIT 225:XGA 221:API 209:PGC 201:VGA 187:ISA 135:of 121:IBM 113:XGA 41:or 18:XGA 2514:: 1895:xx 1875:xx 1835:xx 1785:xx 1750:xx 1523:80 1503:60 1483:50 1473:30 1458:25 1400:JX 1366:PC 738:. 718:. 648:^ 624:^ 432:: 419:); 405:: 284:. 253:, 227:, 148:Hz 1893:7 1873:6 1833:5 1783:3 1748:2 1528:E 1302:e 1295:t 1288:v 1259:) 1255:( 1214:) 1210:( 1194:) 1190:( 1174:) 1170:( 833:e 826:t 819:v 805:. 786:. 757:. 742:. 722:. 694:. 618:. 507:; 501:( 457:; 150:( 77:) 45:. 34:. 20:)

Index

XGA
XGA (resolution)
Enhanced Graphics Adapter
Extended Video Graphics Array
The IBM internal XGA logo, designed by Rand Paul
8514/A
graphics card
IBM
IBM PS/2
8514/A
display resolution
pixels
256 colors
Hz
interlaced
non-interlaced
VRAM
Micro Channel architecture
ISA
VGA
PGC
API
XGA
IBM Image Adapter/A
ATI Technologies
IIT
2D-drawing
line-draw
color-fill
blitter

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