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283:, that are appropriate places in which to begin a new line. The actual line break positions are picked from among the break opportunities by the higher level software that calls the algorithm, not by the algorithm itself, because only the higher level software knows about the width of the display the text is displayed on and the width of the glyphs that make up the displayed text.
764:"The reflow algorithm tries to keep the lines the same length but also tries to break at punctuation, and avoid breaking within a proper name or after certain connectives ("a", "the", etc.). The result is a file with a more "ragged" right margin than is produced by fmt or Text::Wrap but it is easier to read since fewer phrases are broken across line breaks."
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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum
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in it. When the word isn't wrapped (i.e., isn't broken across lines), the soft hyphen isn't visible. But if the word is wrapped across lines, this is done at the soft hyphen, at which point it is shown as a visible hyphen on the top line where the word is broken. (In the rare case of a word that
780:"The detailed description of the model and the algorithm can be found on the paper "Breaking Paragraphs into Lines" by Donald E. Knuth, published in the book "Digital Typography" (Stanford, California: Center for the Study of Language and Information, 1999), (CSLI Lecture Notes, no. 78.)"; part of
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Alternatively, "soft return" can mean an intentional, stored line break that is not a paragraph break. For example, it is common to print postal addresses in a multiple-line format, but the several lines are understood to be a single paragraph. Line breaks are needed to divide the words of the
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A soft return or soft wrap is the break resulting from line wrap or word wrap (whether automatic or manual), whereas a hard return or hard wrap is an intentional break, creating a new paragraph. With a hard return, paragraph-break formatting can (and should) be applied (either
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SpaceLeft := LineWidth for each Word in Text if (Width(Word) + SpaceWidth) > SpaceLeft insert line break before Word in Text SpaceLeft := LineWidth - Width(Word) else SpaceLeft := SpaceLeft - (Width(Word) + SpaceWidth)
246:) between each paragraph. Formatting settings, such as first-line indentation or spacing between paragraphs, take effect where the carriage return marks the break. A non-paragraph line break, which is a soft return, is inserted using
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or vertical whitespace). Soft wrapping allows line lengths to adjust automatically with adjustments to the width of the user's window or margin settings, and is a standard feature of all modern text editors, word processors, and
480:, minimizes the sum of the squares of the lengths of the spaces at the end of lines to produce a more aesthetically pleasing result than the greedy algorithm, which does not always minimize squared space.
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that puts as many words on a line as possible, then moving on to the next line to do the same until there are no more words left to place. This method is used by many modern word processors, such as
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and
Microsoft Word. This algorithm always uses the minimum possible number of lines but may lead to lines of widely varying lengths. The following pseudocode implements this algorithm:
814:... The *really* interesting thing is how Adobe's algorithm differs from the Knuth–Plass algorithm. It must differ, since Adobe has managed to patent its algorithm (6,510,441)."
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The soft returns are usually placed after the ends of complete words, or after the punctuation that follows complete words. However, word wrap may also occur following a
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is continuing on a new line when a line is full, so that each line fits into the viewable window, allowing text to be read from top to bottom without any horizontal
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or via the menus, and is provided for cases when the text should start on a new line but none of the other side effects of starting a new paragraph are desired.
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The
Unicode character set provides a line separator character as well as a paragraph separator to represent the semantics of the soft return and hard return.
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dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
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dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
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Reference: "Breaking
Paragraphs into Lines", D.E. Knuth and M.F. Plass, chapter 3 of _Digital Typography_, CSLI Lecture Notes #78.
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in an unpublished 1977 memo describing his TeX typesetting system and later published in more detail by Knuth & Plass (1981).
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delimiters within paragraphs, and allows the display of text to adapt flexibly and dynamically to displays of varying sizes.
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Sometimes word wrap is undesirable between adjacent words. In such cases, word wrap can usually be blocked by using a
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word wrapping might not be desired within any compound words (when the text is flush left but only in some styles).
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there is a <br> tag that has the same purpose as the soft return in word processors described above.
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punctuation may or may not follow rules similar to the above-mentioned special circumstances. It is up to
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In text-oriented markup languages, a soft return is typically offered as a markup tag. For example, in
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A primitive line-breaking feature was used in 1955 in a "page printer control unit" developed by
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The greedy algorithm for line-breaking predates the dynamic programming method outlined by
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Text::Reflow - Perl module for reflowing text files using Knuth's paragraphing algorithm.
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CJKV Information
Processing: Chinese, Japanese, Korean & Vietnamese Computing
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Knuth, Donald Ervin; Plass, Michael F (1981), "Breaking
Paragraphs into Lines",
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inside of a word. This is sometimes not desired, and can be blocked by using a
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the reverse problem -- picking columns just wide enough to fit (wrapped) text
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by Simon
Pepping 2006. Extends the Knuth model to handle a few enhancements.
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Word wrapping in text containing
Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
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is meant to be wrappable by breaking it across lines but
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is put at the permitted breaking point(s) in the word.)
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fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat
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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit,
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A word without hyphens can be made wrappable by having
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non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit
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Feature of continuing on a new line when a line is full
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compares the algorithms of various time complexities (
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software cannot handle either of the above scenarios.
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reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu
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is the remaining width of space on the line to fill,
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magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud
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568:. Annex #14 (Proposed Update Unicode Standard): 2
49:may not follow Knowledge's policies or guidelines
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427:A simple way to do word wrapping is to use a
304:Word boundaries, hyphenation, and hard spaces
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375:are treated the same way as Han Characters (
751:"Knuth & Plass line-breaking Revisited"
142:commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in
812:"a Knuth–Plass-like linebreaking algorithm
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85:Learn how and when to remove this message
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854:Dynamic programming
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122:Hard coded newlines
67:footnote references
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544:References
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75:March 2015
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657:TEXDR.AFT
448:SpaceLeft
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411:Algorithm
229:graphical
213:indenting
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181:Word wrap
177:scrolling
173:line wrap
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672:(1999),
654:(1977),
572:10 March
507:See also
361:Japanese
484:History
357:Chinese
330:without
277:Unicode
271:Unicode
200:newline
53:Please
45:use of
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442:Where
365:Korean
363:, and
310:hyphen
191:, and
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562:(PDF)
377:Kanji
316:, or
257:Enter
250:Shift
243:Enter
682:ISBN
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