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Women's Auxiliary Air Force

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1578: 1493: 1614: 160: 1590: 1547: 738: 766: 759: 752: 745: 699: 1950: 1531: 1179: 1225: 1122: 22: 1050: 939: 548: 409: 1562: 1203: 1194: 1101: 1092: 983: 1517: 1210: 1108: 990: 808: 801: 794: 787: 780: 773: 1218: 1115: 997: 332:, who had been head of the WAAF since 1939, again with the rank of Senior Controller, then, Air Commandant, being gazetted to Air Chief Commandant on 22 March 1943. Forbes retired in August 1944, and the post of director was given to Mary Welsh, who was appointed Air Chief Commandant. After the war, the rank of Air Chief Commandant was suspended and in December 1946, the final director of WAAF, Felicity Hanbury, was appointed. 641: 634: 495: 488: 627: 481: 620: 613: 606: 599: 592: 474: 467: 460: 453: 1492: 312: 374:, although the director held the rank of senior controller (equivalent to brigadier in the British Army and air commodore in the RAF) instead of chief controller (equivalent to major-general or air vice-marshal) as in the ATS. However, in December 1939 the title was changed to air commandant, when the ranks were renamed and reorganised. 1577: 378:
now held identical ranks to male RAF personnel, but officers continued to have a separate rank system, although now different from that of the ATS. From February 1940 it was no longer possible to enter directly as an officer; from that time all officers were appointed from the other ranks. From July
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Training for air ambulance nursing duties included instruction in the use of oxygen, injections, learning how to deal with certain types of injuries such as broken bones, missing limb cases, head injuries, burns and colostomies; and to learn the effects of air travel and altitude. Although supplied
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Nursing Orderlies of the WAAF flew on RAF transport planes to evacuate the wounded from the Normandy battlefields. They were dubbed the Flying Nightingales by the press. The RAF Air Ambulance Unit flew under 46 Group Transport Command from
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was made Director of WAAF, with the rank of Senior Controller, later, Air Commandant. On 1 January 1943 she was appointed to the rank of Air Chief Commandant with its creation. On 4 October 1943, while Forbes toured Canada, assessing the
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with parachutes, they were instructed not to use them if the plane was shot down on its return from Europe and instead stay with the wounded soldiers onboard and provide medical support should anyone survive the crash.
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1941 WAAF officers held full commissions. On 1 January 1943, the rank of air chief commandant (equivalent to air vice-marshal) was created with the director's appointment to that rank.
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Women recruited into the WAAF were given basic training at one of five sites, though not all of the sites ran training simultaneously. The five sites were at
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on 10 January 1942. It only applied to those between 20 and 30 years of age and they had the choice of the military auxiliary services, the civilian
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LACW Myra Roberts, Cpl Lydia Alford and LACW Edna Birkbeck, the first WAAF nursing orderlies selected to fly on air-ambulance duties to France, 1944
115:. Conscription of women did not begin until after December 1941 when the UK Government passed the National Service Act (No. 2), which was issued by 1641: 2606: 75:. Established in 1939, WAAF numbers exceeded 181,000 at its peak strength in 1943, (15.7% of the RAF) with over 2,000 women enlisting per week. 2427: 1668: 2838: 2833: 2828: 325: 2823: 2818: 2813: 2808: 2803: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2783: 2481: 2509: 1658: 2333:
Stone, Tessa. "Creating A (Gendered?) Military Identity: The Women's Auxiliary Air Force in Great Britain in the Second World War",
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A first-hand account by a young WAAF cypher officer on active duty in the Egypt, Kenya, the Seychelles and Italy in World War II.
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Members of the WAAF repair and pack parachutes for use by airborne troops during the Normandy invasion, 31 May 1944.
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WOMEN BEHIND THE FEW : the women's auxiliary air force and british intelligence during the... second world war
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was to take the vast majority out of the service. The remainder, now only several hundred strong, was renamed the
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The Women Behind the Few: The Women's Auxiliary Air Force and British Intelligence during the Second World War
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operations. WAAFs were a vital presence in the control of aircraft, both in radar stations and iconically as
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The Women's Auxiliary Air Force was created on 28 June 1939, absorbing the forty-eight RAF companies of the
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In October 2008 the seven known nurses still living were presented with lifetime achievement awards by the
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instead. Female medical and dental officers were commissioned into the Royal Air Force and held RAF ranks.
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Women in air force blue : the story of women in the Royal Air Force from 1918 to the present day
1477: 1463: 2295: 1949: 3084: 2541: 2495: 2395:(Pages 36–70, 251–55 and 265–67 describe the experiences of a WAAF radar Filterer in World War II.) 2155: 1631: 172: 1789: 2596: 1422: 1403: 2107: 1930:"The forgotten story of the Nightingales – the first British women flown into a 1944 war zone" 1371: 2971: 2704: 2689: 2640: 2624: 1652: 1516: 845: 665: 514: 3038: 2976: 2956: 2864: 1903: 1871: 1860: 1467: 1386: 870: 737: 337: 320: 208: 120: 765: 758: 751: 744: 8: 3007: 2951: 2908: 2775: 2684: 2679: 2674: 2380: 1934: 1568: 1262: 1159: 300: 2463:
Early Radar Memories; Sgt. Jean (Sally) Semple, one of Britain's pioneer Radar Operators
2916: 2694: 2645: 2283:(English Association Award Winner), Janetta Otter-Barry Books (Frances Lincoln), 2010. 2160: 1449: 270: 1998: 1783: 195:, aircraft maintenance, transport, policing, communications duties including wireless 2893: 2546: 2478:. Website of former WAAF Officer Eileen Younghusband's latest book 'One Woman's War'. 2403: 2388: 2371: 2356: 2314: 2300: 2284: 2270: 2256: 2238: 2224: 2210: 2126: 1887: 1841: 1816: 1764: 1754: 855: 820: 675: 524: 220: 87:
had existed from 1918 to 1920, but had been disbanded in the wake of the end of the
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Sand In My Shoes: Coming of Age in the Second World War: Wartime Diaries of a WAAF
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The first three Flying Nightingales to arrive in France, a week after D-Day, were
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By the end of the Second World War, WAAF enrolment had declined and the effect of
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Not an Ordinary Life. How Changing Times Brought Historical Events into my Life
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WAAFs working on an aircraft fuselage at Ultimo Technical College, Sydney, 1943
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aircraft carried military supplies and ammunition so could not display the
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WAAFs were paid two-thirds of the pay of male counterparts in RAF ranks.
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All the Brave Promises: The Memories of Aircraft Woman 2nd Class 2146391
3016: 2747: 2601: 1354: 351: 2052:"Margaret Wilson: Flying Nightingale, 95, seeks fellow nurse's family" 1209: 1107: 989: 3022: 2898: 1337:, Britain's highest award for gallantry not in the face of the enemy. 224: 200: 196: 176: 151:. All WAAF basic recruit training was located at Wilmslow from 1943. 2444: 2190:
Women's Auxiliary Air Force: Notes for the Information of Candidates
1872:"Ex-London Police Woman Trains W.A.A.F. Police", Imperial War Museum 1861:"Ex-London Police Woman Trains W.A.A.F. Police", Imperial War Museum 1329:(9901), posthumously Mentioned in Dispatches and awarded the French 807: 800: 3080:
Military units and formations of the United Kingdom in World War II
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Women of Intelligence. Winning the Second World War with Air Photos
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The WRAF - Women in the Blue: Working through the Second War years
2339:, October 1999, Vol. 8, Issue 4, pp. 605–624, scholarly study 1999:"Flying Nightingales: Women who flew into WW2 battles celebrated" 1503: 168: 2475: 640: 633: 494: 487: 223:. These operation rooms directed fighter aircraft against the 626: 619: 612: 605: 598: 591: 480: 473: 466: 459: 452: 231: 204: 192: 2235:
The WAAF : A History of the Women's Auxiliary Air Force
2080:"Flying Nightingales celebrated 80 years after first flight" 2484:
from the IBCC Digital Archive at the University of Lincoln.
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Ranks and Badges in the Navy, Army, RAF and Auxiliaries
1445:, posthumously awarded the MBE and the Croix de Guerre. 1438:, posthumously awarded the MBE and the Croix de Guerre. 311: 1987: 1815:. Wellingborough: Patrick Stephens Ltd. p. 131. 59: 56: 50: 2429:
The Work of Women in the Women's Auxiliary Air Force
2115:. London: George Philip & Son, Ltd. p. 31. 47: 2431:, The Second World War Experience Centre, Leeds UK 1968:"Lilian West: The last of the Flying Nightingales" 1418:, posthumously awarded the French Croix de Guerre. 1350:, posthumously awarded the French Croix de Guerre. 227:, mapping both home and enemy aircraft positions. 3100:Women's organisations based in the United Kingdom 3075:Military units and formations established in 1939 1961: 1959: 3061: 1642:National Association of Training Corps for Girls 1470:specialist, first to identify launch ramps for 1380:Médaille combattant volontaire de la Résistance 236:Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service 2347:. Barnsley, Yorkshire: Pen and Sword Aviation. 2049: 1965: 1956: 171:. (The use of women pilots was limited to the 123:or factory work in support of the war effort. 2503: 1498:The Operations Room at RAF Fighter Command's 1074: 963: 720: 572: 433: 2105: 1927: 1782:Narracot, A.H. (1941). "9 - Woman in Blue". 1395:(aka Christine Granville), awarded the OBE, 1317:Several members of the WAAF served with the 219:in operation rooms, most notably during the 111:which had existed since 1938, following the 2119: 2078:Cheryl Dennis; Carys Nally (13 June 2024). 1775: 95:(1917–1921) and the first iteration of the 67:), was the female auxiliary of the British 2510: 2496: 2355:, Pen Press Publications, Brighton, 2008. 2221:Our Wartime Days, The WAAF in World War II 1996: 1669:Military ranks of women's services in WWII 1081: 1067: 970: 956: 727: 713: 579: 565: 440: 426: 3095:1939 establishments in the United Kingdom 2436:"Women as Ground Crews", reproduced from 2253:We All Wore Blue: Experiences in the WAAF 2164:(Supplement). 5 April 1949. p. 1703. 1835: 1599:. Cpl Bridget White was serving with the 1312: 326:Royal Canadian Air Force Women's Division 3070:All-female military units and formations 2459:: the website includes research material 2154: 1781: 310: 158: 20: 16:British military service in World War II 2176:"WWII RAF Casualties buried in Ireland" 3062: 2342: 2279:Manning, Mick & Granström, Brita: 1810: 1746: 1659:Women's Auxiliary Australian Air Force 1456: 255: 2491: 1788:. Frederick Muller Limited. pp.  1553:Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester 1198: 1096: 1001: 978: 587: 448: 345:Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester 330:Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester 296:Myra Roberts and LACW Edna Birkbeck. 37:), whose members were referred to as 1742: 1740: 1738: 1736: 1734: 1699:created 1943 with first appointment. 154: 102: 13: 2199: 2148: 2050:Jennifer Harby (28 October 2017). 1966:Jennifer Harby (24 October 2015). 1886:. Cardiff. Candy Jar Books. 2011. 14: 3111: 2424:—Royal Air Force official website 2413: 1731: 1607:when she died in a road accident. 1601:No3 (Pilots) Advanced Flying Unit 1948: 1612: 1588: 1576: 1560: 1545: 1529: 1515: 1510:and duty officers at work, 1943 1491: 1223: 1216: 1208: 1201: 1192: 1177: 1120: 1113: 1106: 1099: 1090: 1048: 995: 988: 981: 937: 806: 799: 792: 785: 778: 771: 764: 757: 750: 743: 736: 697: 639: 632: 625: 618: 611: 604: 597: 590: 546: 493: 486: 479: 472: 465: 458: 451: 407: 43: 3044:RAF strategic bombing offensive 2223:, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 1995. 2168: 2099: 2071: 2043: 2018: 1840:. Stroud: Sutton. p. 258. 1711: 1702: 1693: 1921: 1896: 1876: 1865: 1854: 1838:The Royal Air Force day by day 1829: 1804: 913: 361:, December 1946 – January 1949 347:, 4 October 1943 – August 1944 1: 3090:British women in World War II 3049:United States Army Air Forces 2030:Hampshire the County Magazine 1747:MILLER, SARAH-LOUISE (2023). 1724: 1647:Women Airforce Service Pilots 1637:Auxiliary Territorial Service 1321:during the Second World War. 370:Initially, the WAAF used the 354:, August 1944 – November 1946 109:Auxiliary Territorial Service 2519:Air Defence of Great Britain 2440:, No.1686, 17 September 1943 2237:, Shire Publications, 2003. 1928:Emily Retter (12 May 2024). 1502:Headquarters, Rudloe Manor ( 1319:Special Operations Executive 340:, June 1939 – 4 October 1943 306: 203:operation. They worked with 7: 2870:Women's Auxiliary Air Force 2855:Battle of Britain airfields 2482:Women's Auxiliary Air Force 2343:Turner, John Frayn (2011). 2299:Biteback Publishing, 2023. 2269:, The History Press, 2012. 2106:Talbot-Booth, E.C. (1943). 1717:also called Senior Sergeant 1664:Women's Royal Naval Service 1624: 1506:), Wiltshire, showing WAAF 1480:, photographic interpreter. 1055:Women's Auxiliary Air Force 944:Women's Auxiliary Air Force 553:Women's Auxiliary Air Force 414:Women's Auxiliary Air Force 382: 179:packing and the crewing of 126: 97:Women's Royal Naval Service 93:Women's Army Auxiliary Corp 31:Women's Auxiliary Air Force 10: 3116: 2248:in context of Czech WAAFs) 2209:, Patrick Stephens, 1989. 1997:Tim Stokes (12 May 2024). 1836:Pitchfork, Graham (2008). 1484: 1434:Assistant Section Officer 1353:Assistant Section Officer 1325:Assistant Section Officer 1251: 1207: 1148: 1105: 1020: 987: 923: 645: 499: 400: 391: 209:reconnaissance photographs 183:in addition to performing 78: 3031: 2995: 2944: 2882: 2847: 2774: 2746: 2703: 2665: 2658: 2633: 2615: 2572: 2565: 2529: 2402:, Candy Jar Books, 2011. 2026:"The Flying Nightingales" 1904:"The Flying Nightingales" 1811:Escott, Beryl E. (1989). 1753:. : BITEBACK PUBLISHING. 1708:also called Under Officer 1464:Constance Babington Smith 1305: 1302: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1271: 1266: 1261: 1256: 1246: 1241: 1234: 1229: 1222: 1215: 1200: 1191: 1175: 1168: 1163: 1158: 1153: 1143: 1138: 1131: 1126: 1119: 1112: 1098: 1089: 1045: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1015: 1008: 1003: 994: 980: 934: 929: 926: 906: 903: 900: 897: 894: 891: 888: 885: 882: 879: 864: 859: 854: 849: 844: 839: 834: 829: 824: 819: 814: 805: 798: 791: 784: 777: 770: 763: 756: 749: 742: 735: 694: 686:Assistant Section Officer 684: 679: 674: 669: 664: 659: 654: 649: 638: 631: 624: 617: 610: 603: 596: 589: 543: 533: 528: 523: 518: 513: 508: 503: 492: 485: 478: 471: 464: 457: 450: 404: 397: 394: 338:Dame Jane Trefusis Forbes 2542:Royal Canadian Air Force 1675: 1595:Grave of an Irish WAAF, 1571:crews at RAF Cardington. 1027:Assistant Section Leader 530:Deputy Company Commander 365: 2472:Retrieved: 22 June 2008 2453:, a musical about WAAFs 2207:Women in Air Force Blue 1632:Air Transport Auxiliary 1370:, awarded the MBE, the 1333:with Gold Star and the 1170:Aircraftwoman 2nd Class 1165:Aircraftwoman 1st Class 1037:Aircraftwoman 2nd Class 1032:Aircraftwoman 1st Class 315:WAAF Recruitment poster 250:Women's Royal Air Force 173:Air Transport Auxiliary 167:WAAFs did not serve as 85:Women's Royal Air Force 2597:Trafford Leigh-Mallory 2468:12 August 2009 at the 2398:Younghusband, Eileen, 2336:Women's History Review 2293:Miller, Sarah-Louise, 2251:Gane Pushman, Muriel, 1555:Commandant of the WAAF 1404:Mary Katherine Herbert 1313:WAAFs serving with SOE 328:, she was relieved by 316: 207:and ciphers, analysed 164: 26: 2690:Anti-Aircraft Command 2313:, Harperpress, 2006. 1908:RAF Broadwell website 1882:Eileen Younghusband. 1273:Aircraftman 2nd Class 1268:Aircraftman 1st Class 1160:Leading Aircraftwoman 1017:Senior Section Leader 359:Dame Felicity Hanbury 350:Air Chief Commandant 343:Air Chief Commandant 336:Air Chief Commandant 314: 162: 24: 3039:Air Raid Precautions 2865:Royal Observer Corps 2381:Younghusband, Eileen 2351:Watkins, Elizabeth, 2265:Halsall, Christine, 2192:, 5th edition, 1941. 1468:imagery intelligence 1399:and Croix de Guerre. 871:acting pilot officer 651:Air Chief Commandant 321:Jane Trefusis Forbes 252:on 1 February 1949. 3008:Battle of the Beams 2685:RAF Coastal Command 2680:RAF Balloon Command 2675:RAF Fighter Command 2370:, Heinemann, 1986. 1785:How The R A F Works 1457:Other notable WAAFs 1423:Patricia O'Sullivan 1263:Leading Aircraftman 301:Duchess of Cornwall 256:Flying Nightingales 2695:RAF Bomber Command 2646:Robert Watson-Watt 2557:Big Wing formation 2161:The London Gazette 1653:Women's Army Corps 1452:, awarded the MBE. 1450:Anne-Marie Walters 1431:(aka Ada Robinson) 816:Marshal of the RAF 372:ATS ranking system 317: 271:RAF Blakehill Farm 165: 117:Royal Proclamation 27: 3057: 3056: 2894:Battle of Britain 2878: 2877: 2654: 2653: 2547:Strategic bombing 2408:978-0-9566826-2-8 2393:978-0-9561156-9-0 2361:978-1-906206-27-7 2305:978-1-7859-0785-2 2289:978-1-84780-093-0 2275:978-0-7524-6477-0 2261:978-0-7524-4130-6 1892:978-0-9566826-2-8 1760:978-1-78590-785-2 1387:Alix D'Unienville 1310: 1309: 1189: 1061: 950: 911: 910: 856:Flight lieutenant 821:Air chief marshal 559: 535:Company Assistant 525:Company Commander 520:Senior Commandant 505:Senior Controller 420: 221:Battle of Britain 155:Roles in the WAAF 121:Women's Land Army 3107: 3023:German V weapons 2738:No. 14 Group RAF 2733:No. 13 Group RAF 2728:No. 12 Group RAF 2723:No. 11 Group RAF 2718:No. 10 Group RAF 2663: 2662: 2570: 2569: 2523:Second World War 2512: 2505: 2498: 2489: 2488: 2445:WAAF Association 2348: 2324:Settle, Mary Lee 2281:Taff in the WAAF 2255:, Tempus, 2006. 2245:(also quoted at 2193: 2186: 2180: 2179: 2172: 2166: 2165: 2152: 2146: 2145: 2143: 2141: 2123: 2117: 2116: 2114: 2103: 2097: 2096: 2094: 2092: 2075: 2069: 2068: 2066: 2064: 2047: 2041: 2040: 2038: 2036: 2022: 2016: 2015: 2013: 2011: 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581: 574: 567: 557: 551: 550: 549: 515:Chief Commandant 497: 490: 483: 476: 469: 462: 455: 442: 435: 428: 418: 412: 411: 410: 398:Junior officers 387: 386: 319:On 1 July 1939, 211:, and performed 181:barrage balloons 113:Munich Agreement 103:Second World War 91:, alongside the 73:Second World War 66: 65: 62: 61: 58: 55: 52: 49: 3115: 3114: 3110: 3109: 3108: 3106: 3105: 3104: 3085:Royal Air Force 3060: 3059: 3058: 3053: 3027: 3003:Barrage balloon 2991: 2940: 2887: 2885: 2874: 2860:Eagle Squadrons 2843: 2770: 2742: 2713:No. 9 Group RAF 2699: 2650: 2629: 2611: 2561: 2537:Royal Air Force 2525: 2516: 2476:One Woman's War 2470:Wayback Machine 2416: 2400:One Woman's War 2345:The WAAF at War 2233:Escott, Beryl, 2219:Escott, Beryl, 2205:Escott, Beryl, 2202: 2200:Further reading 2197: 2196: 2187: 2183: 2174: 2173: 2169: 2153: 2149: 2139: 2137: 2135:Royal Air Force 2125: 2124: 2120: 2112: 2104: 2100: 2090: 2088: 2076: 2072: 2062: 2060: 2048: 2044: 2034: 2032: 2024: 2023: 2019: 2009: 2007: 1995: 1988: 1978: 1976: 1964: 1957: 1947: 1940: 1938: 1926: 1922: 1912: 1910: 1902: 1901: 1897: 1884:One Woman's War 1881: 1877: 1870: 1866: 1859: 1855: 1848: 1834: 1830: 1823: 1809: 1805: 1795: 1793: 1780: 1776: 1761: 1745: 1732: 1727: 1722: 1721: 1716: 1712: 1707: 1703: 1698: 1694: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1679: 1678: 1673: 1627: 1620: 1617: 1608: 1593: 1584: 1581: 1572: 1569:Barrage Balloon 1565: 1556: 1550: 1541: 1540:Radio Operators 1534: 1525: 1520: 1511: 1496: 1487: 1478:Sarah Churchill 1472:V-1 flying bomb 1462:Section Leader 1459: 1391:Flight Officer 1385:Flight Officer 1376:Croix de Guerre 1366:Flight Officer 1348:Yolande Beekman 1331:Croix de Guerre 1315: 1248:Flight sergeant 1243:Warrant officer 1213: 1186: 1184:Royal Air Force 1176: 1145:Flight Sergeant 1140:Warrant officer 1087: 1062: 1058: 1049: 1047: 1040: 976: 951: 947: 938: 936: 916: 868: 851:Squadron leader 733: 708: 705:Royal Air Force 698: 696: 689: 681:Section Officer 585: 560: 556: 547: 545: 538: 446: 421: 417: 408: 406: 395:Field officers 385: 368: 357:Air Commandant 352:Dame Mary Welsh 309: 263:RAF Down Ampney 258: 157: 129: 105: 89:First World War 81: 69:Royal Air Force 46: 42: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3113: 3103: 3102: 3097: 3092: 3087: 3082: 3077: 3072: 3055: 3054: 3052: 3051: 3046: 3041: 3035: 3033: 3032:Related topics 3029: 3028: 3026: 3025: 3020: 3010: 3005: 2999: 2997: 2993: 2992: 2990: 2989: 2984: 2979: 2974: 2969: 2964: 2959: 2954: 2948: 2946: 2942: 2941: 2939: 2938: 2930: 2922: 2914: 2906: 2904:Baedeker raids 2901: 2896: 2890: 2888: 2883: 2880: 2879: 2876: 2875: 2873: 2872: 2867: 2862: 2857: 2851: 2849: 2845: 2844: 2842: 2841: 2839:12 AA Division 2836: 2834:11 AA Division 2831: 2829:10 AA Division 2826: 2821: 2816: 2811: 2806: 2801: 2796: 2791: 2786: 2780: 2778: 2772: 2771: 2769: 2768: 2763: 2758: 2752: 2750: 2744: 2743: 2741: 2740: 2735: 2730: 2725: 2720: 2715: 2709: 2707: 2701: 2700: 2698: 2697: 2692: 2687: 2682: 2677: 2671: 2669: 2660: 2656: 2655: 2652: 2651: 2649: 2648: 2643: 2637: 2635: 2631: 2630: 2628: 2627: 2625:Frederick Pile 2621: 2619: 2613: 2612: 2610: 2609: 2607:Sholto Douglas 2604: 2599: 2594: 2589: 2587:Charles Portal 2584: 2578: 2576: 2567: 2563: 2562: 2560: 2559: 2554: 2549: 2544: 2539: 2533: 2531: 2527: 2526: 2515: 2514: 2507: 2500: 2492: 2486: 2485: 2479: 2473: 2460: 2457:Howard Goodall 2447: 2442: 2433: 2425: 2415: 2414:External links 2412: 2411: 2410: 2396: 2378: 2364: 2353:Cypher Officer 2349: 2340: 2331: 2321: 2307: 2291: 2277: 2263: 2249: 2231: 2217: 2201: 2198: 2195: 2194: 2188:Air Ministry, 2181: 2167: 2147: 2118: 2098: 2070: 2042: 2017: 1986: 1955: 1920: 1895: 1875: 1864: 1853: 1846: 1828: 1821: 1803: 1774: 1759: 1729: 1728: 1726: 1723: 1720: 1719: 1710: 1701: 1691: 1690: 1677: 1674: 1672: 1671: 1666: 1661: 1656: 1650: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1628: 1626: 1623: 1622: 1621: 1618: 1611: 1609: 1594: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1575: 1573: 1566: 1559: 1557: 1551: 1544: 1542: 1535: 1528: 1526: 1521: 1514: 1512: 1497: 1490: 1486: 1483: 1482: 1481: 1475: 1474:. Awarded MBE. 1458: 1455: 1454: 1453: 1446: 1439: 1432: 1425: 1419: 1412: 1410:Phyllis Latour 1406: 1400: 1389: 1383: 1368:Yvonne Cormeau 1364: 1358: 1351: 1344: 1342:Yvonne Baseden 1338: 1314: 1311: 1308: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1283: 1280: 1276: 1275: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1239: 1238: 1233: 1228: 1221: 1214: 1206: 1199: 1197: 1190: 1173: 1172: 1167: 1162: 1157: 1152: 1147: 1142: 1136: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1118: 1111: 1104: 1097: 1095: 1088: 1086: 1085: 1078: 1071: 1063: 1043: 1042: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1022:Section Leader 1019: 1013: 1012: 1007: 1002: 1000: 993: 986: 979: 977: 975: 974: 967: 960: 952: 932: 931: 928: 925: 922: 915: 912: 909: 908: 905: 902: 899: 896: 893: 890: 887: 884: 881: 878: 877:NATO code 874: 873: 863: 861:Flying officer 858: 853: 848: 846:Wing commander 843: 838: 833: 828: 823: 818: 812: 811: 804: 797: 790: 783: 776: 769: 762: 755: 748: 741: 734: 732: 731: 724: 717: 709: 692: 691: 683: 678: 676:Flight Officer 673: 668: 663: 658: 656:Air Commandant 653: 647: 646: 644: 637: 630: 623: 616: 609: 602: 595: 588: 586: 584: 583: 576: 569: 561: 541: 540: 532: 527: 522: 517: 512: 507: 501: 500: 498: 491: 484: 477: 470: 463: 456: 449: 447: 445: 444: 437: 430: 422: 402: 401: 399: 396: 393: 390: 384: 381: 367: 364: 363: 362: 355: 348: 341: 308: 305: 292:Lydia Alford, 257: 254: 246:demobilisation 156: 153: 128: 125: 104: 101: 80: 77: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3112: 3101: 3098: 3096: 3093: 3091: 3088: 3086: 3083: 3081: 3078: 3076: 3073: 3071: 3068: 3067: 3065: 3050: 3047: 3045: 3042: 3040: 3037: 3036: 3034: 3030: 3024: 3021: 3018: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3006: 3004: 3001: 3000: 2998: 2994: 2988: 2985: 2983: 2980: 2978: 2975: 2973: 2970: 2968: 2965: 2963: 2960: 2958: 2955: 2953: 2950: 2949: 2947: 2943: 2937: 2936: 2931: 2929: 2928: 2923: 2921: 2920: 2915: 2913: 2912: 2907: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2891: 2889: 2884:Campaigns and 2881: 2871: 2868: 2866: 2863: 2861: 2858: 2856: 2853: 2852: 2850: 2846: 2840: 2837: 2835: 2832: 2830: 2827: 2825: 2824:9 AA Division 2822: 2820: 2819:8 AA Division 2817: 2815: 2814:7 AA Division 2812: 2810: 2809:6 AA Division 2807: 2805: 2804:5 AA Division 2802: 2800: 2799:4 AA Division 2797: 2795: 2794:3 AA Division 2792: 2790: 2789:2 AA Division 2787: 2785: 2784:1 AA Division 2782: 2781: 2779: 2777: 2773: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2753: 2751: 2749: 2745: 2739: 2736: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2726: 2724: 2721: 2719: 2716: 2714: 2711: 2710: 2708: 2706: 2702: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2673: 2672: 2670: 2668: 2664: 2661: 2657: 2647: 2644: 2642: 2639: 2638: 2636: 2632: 2626: 2623: 2622: 2620: 2618: 2614: 2608: 2605: 2603: 2600: 2598: 2595: 2593: 2590: 2588: 2585: 2583: 2580: 2579: 2577: 2575: 2571: 2568: 2564: 2558: 2555: 2553: 2552:Night fighter 2550: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2534: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2513: 2508: 2506: 2501: 2499: 2494: 2493: 2490: 2483: 2480: 2477: 2474: 2471: 2467: 2464: 2461: 2458: 2454: 2452: 2448: 2446: 2443: 2441: 2439: 2438:The Aeroplane 2434: 2432: 2430: 2426: 2423: 2422: 2418: 2417: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2394: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2376:0-00-654201-8 2373: 2369: 2365: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2341: 2338: 2337: 2332: 2329: 2325: 2322: 2320: 2319:0-00-722820-1 2316: 2312: 2308: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2297: 2292: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2276: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2247: 2244: 2243:0-7478-0572-5 2240: 2236: 2232: 2230: 2229:0-7509-0638-3 2226: 2222: 2218: 2216: 2215:1-85260-066-7 2212: 2208: 2204: 2203: 2191: 2185: 2177: 2171: 2163: 2162: 2157: 2151: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2122: 2111: 2110: 2102: 2087: 2086: 2081: 2074: 2059: 2058: 2053: 2046: 2031: 2027: 2021: 2006: 2005: 2000: 1993: 1991: 1975: 1974: 1969: 1962: 1960: 1951: 1937: 1936: 1935:The Telegraph 1931: 1924: 1909: 1905: 1899: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1879: 1873: 1868: 1862: 1857: 1849: 1847:9780750943093 1843: 1839: 1832: 1824: 1822:9781852600662 1818: 1814: 1807: 1791: 1787: 1786: 1778: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1756: 1752: 1751: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1737: 1735: 1730: 1714: 1705: 1696: 1692: 1684: 1670: 1667: 1665: 1662: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1645: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1629: 1615: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1591: 1586: 1579: 1574: 1570: 1563: 1558: 1554: 1548: 1543: 1539: 1532: 1527: 1524: 1518: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1494: 1489: 1488: 1479: 1476: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1460: 1451: 1447: 1444: 1440: 1437: 1433: 1430: 1426: 1424: 1420: 1417: 1416:Cecily Lefort 1413: 1411: 1407: 1405: 1401: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1388: 1384: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1363: 1359: 1356: 1352: 1349: 1345: 1343: 1339: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1323: 1322: 1320: 1278: 1277: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1244: 1240: 1237: 1232: 1226: 1219: 1211: 1204: 1195: 1185: 1180: 1174: 1171: 1166: 1161: 1156: 1151: 1146: 1141: 1137: 1134: 1129: 1123: 1116: 1109: 1102: 1093: 1084: 1079: 1077: 1072: 1070: 1065: 1064: 1057: 1056: 1044: 1041: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1023: 1018: 1014: 1011: 1006: 998: 991: 984: 973: 968: 966: 961: 959: 954: 953: 946: 945: 933: 920: 919: 876: 875: 872: 867: 866:Pilot officer 862: 857: 852: 847: 842: 841:Group captain 837: 836:Air commodore 832: 827: 822: 817: 813: 809: 802: 795: 788: 781: 774: 767: 760: 753: 746: 739: 730: 725: 723: 718: 716: 711: 710: 707: 706: 693: 690: 687: 682: 677: 672: 667: 662: 661:Group Officer 657: 652: 648: 642: 635: 628: 621: 614: 607: 600: 593: 582: 577: 575: 570: 568: 563: 562: 555: 554: 542: 539: 536: 531: 526: 521: 516: 511: 506: 502: 496: 489: 482: 475: 468: 461: 454: 443: 438: 436: 431: 429: 424: 423: 416: 415: 403: 392:Air officers 389: 388: 380: 377: 373: 360: 356: 353: 349: 346: 342: 339: 335: 334: 333: 331: 327: 322: 313: 304: 302: 297: 295: 291: 286: 282: 280: 276: 272: 268: 267:RAF Broadwell 264: 253: 251: 247: 242: 239: 237: 233: 228: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 182: 178: 174: 170: 161: 152: 150: 146: 142: 138: 134: 124: 122: 118: 114: 110: 100: 99:(1917–1919). 98: 94: 90: 86: 76: 74: 70: 64: 40: 36: 32: 23: 19: 2934: 2926: 2918: 2910: 2869: 2776:AA Divisions 2766:III AA Corps 2659:Organisation 2592:Cyril Newall 2582:Hugh Dowding 2450: 2437: 2428: 2420: 2399: 2384: 2368:Love is Blue 2367: 2366:Wyndham J., 2352: 2344: 2334: 2327: 2310: 2309:Rice, Joan, 2294: 2280: 2266: 2252: 2234: 2220: 2206: 2189: 2184: 2170: 2159: 2150: 2140:21 September 2138:. Retrieved 2130: 2121: 2108: 2101: 2089:. Retrieved 2083: 2073: 2061:. Retrieved 2055: 2045: 2033:. Retrieved 2029: 2020: 2008:. Retrieved 2002: 1977:. Retrieved 1971: 1939:. Retrieved 1933: 1923: 1911:. Retrieved 1907: 1898: 1883: 1878: 1867: 1856: 1837: 1831: 1812: 1806: 1794:. Retrieved 1784: 1777: 1749: 1713: 1704: 1695: 1597:Clonmacnoise 1500:No. 10 Group 1443:Diana Rowden 1436:Lilian Rolfe 1397:George Medal 1335:George Cross 1316: 1235: 1230: 1132: 1127: 1054: 1046: 1039: 1009: 1004: 943: 935: 927:Junior NCOs 924:Senior NCOs 695: 688: 666:Wing Officer 552: 544: 537: 413: 405: 369: 318: 298: 287: 283: 259: 243: 240: 234:belonged to 229: 213:intelligence 166: 133:West Drayton 130: 106: 82: 38: 34: 30: 28: 18: 2952:Beaufighter 2848:Other units 2761:II AA Corps 2641:R. V. Jones 2521:during the 2451:Girlfriends 2156:"No. 38578" 2131:raf.mod.uk/ 2127:"RAF Ranks" 1429:Haviva Reik 1362:Muriel Byck 1236:No insignia 1231:No insignia 1188:(1939–1950) 1133:No insignia 1128:No insignia 1060:(1940-1949) 1010:No insignia 1005:No insignia 949:(1939-1940) 921:Rank group 914:Other ranks 826:Air marshal 558:(1940-1949) 419:(1939-1940) 376:Other ranks 201:telegraphic 189:meteorology 71:during the 3064:Categories 3017:Chain Home 2996:Technology 2933:Operation 2925:Operation 2917:Operation 2909:Operation 2886:operations 2756:I AA Corps 2634:Scientists 2602:Keith Park 2035:24 October 1913:24 October 1769:1349452266 1725:References 1355:Sonya Butt 510:Controller 230:Air Force 197:telephonic 141:Bridgnorth 2962:Hurricane 2911:Steinbock 2899:The Blitz 1603:based at 1427:Sergeant 1279:NATO code 930:Enlisted 307:Directors 279:Red Cross 225:Luftwaffe 177:parachute 145:Innsworth 137:Harrogate 2977:Spitfire 2972:Mosquito 2945:Aircraft 2919:Crossbow 2748:AA Corps 2667:Commands 2530:Overview 2466:Archived 2085:BBC News 2004:BBC News 1973:BBC News 1625:See also 1508:plotters 1258:Corporal 1253:Sergeant 1155:Corporal 1150:Sergeant 383:Officers 290:Corporal 217:plotters 185:catering 149:Wilmslow 127:Training 2987:Typhoon 2982:Tempest 2957:Defiant 2091:30 July 2063:30 July 2010:29 July 1979:29 July 1941:29 July 1796:30 July 1504:RAF Box 1485:Gallery 169:aircrew 79:History 2967:Meteor 2935:Gisela 2705:Groups 2566:People 2406:  2391:  2374:  2359:  2330:(1966) 2317:  2303:  2287:  2273:  2259:  2241:  2227:  2213:  1890:  1844:  1819:  1792:(n115) 1767:  1757:  1680:": --> 1357:(9910) 702:  275:Dakota 273:. RAF 269:, and 232:nurses 25:Poster 3013:Radar 2927:Diver 2113:(PDF) 1676:Notes 1567:WAAF 1536:WAAF 1306:OR-1 907:OF-1 880:OF-10 366:Ranks 205:codes 193:radar 39:WAAFs 2617:Army 2404:ISBN 2389:ISBN 2372:ISBN 2357:ISBN 2315:ISBN 2301:ISBN 2285:ISBN 2271:ISBN 2257:ISBN 2239:ISBN 2225:ISBN 2211:ISBN 2142:2021 2093:2024 2065:2024 2037:2008 2012:2024 1981:2024 1943:2024 1915:2008 1888:ISBN 1842:ISBN 1817:ISBN 1798:2009 1765:OCLC 1755:ISBN 1682:edit 1655:(US) 1649:(US) 1378:and 1303:OR-2 1300:OR-3 1297:OR-4 1294:OR-5 1291:OR-6 1288:OR-7 1285:OR-8 1282:OR-9 904:OF-2 901:OF-3 898:OF-4 895:OF-5 892:OF-6 889:OF-7 886:OF-8 883:OF-9 294:LACW 199:and 147:and 35:WAAF 29:The 2574:RAF 2455:by 2057:BBC 1790:108 3066:: 2383:, 2326:, 2158:. 2133:. 2129:. 2082:. 2054:. 2028:. 2001:. 1989:^ 1970:. 1958:^ 1932:. 1906:. 1763:. 1733:^ 1466:, 1374:, 303:. 281:. 265:, 191:, 187:, 143:, 139:, 135:, 83:A 3019:) 3015:( 2511:e 2504:t 2497:v 2178:. 2144:. 2095:. 2067:. 2039:. 2014:. 1983:. 1945:. 1917:. 1850:. 1825:. 1800:. 1771:. 1686:] 1382:. 1082:e 1075:t 1068:v 971:e 964:t 957:v 869:/ 728:e 721:t 714:v 580:e 573:t 566:v 441:e 434:t 427:v 63:/ 60:s 57:f 54:æ 51:w 48:ˈ 45:/ 41:( 33:(

Index


/ˈwæfs/
Royal Air Force
Second World War
Women's Royal Air Force
First World War
Women's Army Auxiliary Corp
Women's Royal Naval Service
Auxiliary Territorial Service
Munich Agreement
Royal Proclamation
Women's Land Army
West Drayton
Harrogate
Bridgnorth
Innsworth
Wilmslow

aircrew
Air Transport Auxiliary
parachute
barrage balloons
catering
meteorology
radar
telephonic
telegraphic
codes
reconnaissance photographs
intelligence

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