228:
38:
457:
53:
287:
186:
302:, developed a winnowing machine for corn, called a 'Fanner'. These were successful and the family sold them throughout Scotland for many years. Some Scottish Presbyterian ministers saw the fanners as sins against God, for the wind was a thing specially made by him and an artificial wind was a daring and impious attempt to usurp what belonged to God alone. As the
68:
261:
The technique developed by the
Chinese was not adopted in Europe until the 18th century when winnowing machines used a 'sail fan'. The rotary winnowing fan was exported to Europe, brought there by Dutch sailors between 1700 and 1720. Apparently, they had obtained them from the Dutch settlement of
262:
Batavia in Java, Dutch East Indies. The Swedes imported some from south China at about the same time and
Jesuits had taken several to France from China by 1720. Until the beginning of the 18th century, no rotary winnowing fans existed in the West.
93:
in grain preparation. In its simplest form, it involves throwing the mixture into the air so that the wind blows away the lighter chaff, while the heavier grains fall back down for recovery. Techniques included using a winnowing fan (a shaped
176:
to walk away from Ithaca with an oar until a wayfarer tells him it is a winnowing fan (i.e., until
Odysseus has come so far from the sea that people don't recognize oars), and there to build a shrine to Poseidon.
209:
In ancient China, the method was improved by mechanization with the development of the rotary winnowing fan, which used a cranked fan to produce the airstream. This was featured in
258:) the buildings were shown by an excavator's reconstruction to have opposed entries. In barns a draught created by the use of these opposed doorways was used in winnowing.
306:
progressed, the winnowing process was mechanized by the invention of additional winnowing machines, such as fanning mills.
214:
483:
72:
24:
98:
shaken to raise the chaff) or using a tool (a winnowing fork or shovel) on a pile of harvested grain.
488:
335:
384:
The
Question of the Transmission of the Rotary Winnowing Fan from China to Europe: Some New Findings
227:
120:: "it was a simple agricultural implement taken over and mysticized by the religion of Dionysus,"
239:
383:
128:("Dionysus of the winnowing fan") was wakened by the Dionysian women, in this instance called
303:
143:
210:
117:
8:
121:
413:
146:
to the agricultural cycle, but mortal Greek babies too were laid in a winnowing-fan. In
20:
37:
461:
386:, Hans Ulrich Vogel, 8th International Conference on the History of Science in China
112:
The winnowing-fan (λίκνον , also meaning a "cradle") featured in the rites accorded
67:
478:
95:
89:. It can also be used to remove pests from stored grain. Winnowing usually follows
438:
295:
135:
275:
271:
195:
404:
M.W.Thompson, The Rise of the Castle, (Cambridge
University Press, 1991), 5–6.
472:
299:
130:
107:
367:
320:
52:
315:
204:
190:
147:
42:
456:
395:
Münzenberg, Hessen. Chapel and Palas (G.Binding, Burg Münzenberg, 1962)
57:
31:
330:
286:
255:
169:
155:
90:
185:
173:
113:
19:
This article is about the agricultural method. For other uses, see
325:
164:
139:
247:
86:
82:
61:
46:
251:
250:
162:, her goat suckles him and he is given honey. In the
142:; the winnowing-fan links the god connected with the
372:Dionysus: Archetypal Image of Indestructible Life
294:In 1737 Andrew Rodger, a farmer on the estate of
470:
281:
242:, a 19th-century depiction of winnowing by fan
356:Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion
428:Robert Temple, The Genius of China, p. 24
443:. Edinburgh: W & R Chambers. p. 504.
285:
226:
184:
66:
51:
36:
278:to increase their yields dramatically.
265:
471:
16:Method of separating grain from chaff
101:
13:
14:
500:
450:
158:lays the infant Zeus in a golden
73:ancient Egyptian agriculturalists
455:
431:
422:
407:
398:
389:
377:
361:
348:
1:
460:The dictionary definition of
341:
282:Mechanization of the process
274:allowed rice plantations in
222:
7:
440:Domestic Annals of Scotland
309:
290:Winnowing machine from 1839
10:
505:
414:Broadcasting and winnowing
254:'s Ad Gefrin (now called
202:
105:
71:Use of winnowing forks by
56:Winnowing in a village in
29:
25:Winnowing (disambiguation)
18:
437:Chambers, Robert (1885).
336:Winnowing (sedimentology)
180:
30:Not to be confused with
270:The development of the
291:
243:
200:
81:is a process by which
75:
64:
49:
358:, 3rd ed. (1922:159).
304:Industrial Revolution
289:
230:
188:
106:Further information:
70:
55:
40:
484:Separation processes
266:In the United States
240:Jean-François Millet
118:Eleusinian Mysteries
199:encyclopedia (1637)
189:Chinese rotary fan
122:Jane Ellen Harrison
292:
244:
201:
168:, the dead oracle
85:is separated from
76:
65:
50:
21:Winnow (algorithm)
191:winnowing machine
144:mystery religions
126:Dionysus Liknites
496:
489:Grain production
459:
444:
435:
429:
426:
420:
418:P. C. Dorrington
411:
405:
402:
396:
393:
387:
381:
375:
365:
359:
352:
102:In Greek culture
41:Rice winnowing,
504:
503:
499:
498:
497:
495:
494:
493:
469:
468:
453:
448:
447:
436:
432:
427:
423:
412:
408:
403:
399:
394:
390:
382:
378:
366:
362:
353:
349:
344:
312:
284:
268:
225:
207:
183:
134:, in a cave on
110:
104:
35:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
502:
492:
491:
486:
481:
466:at Wiktionary
452:
451:External links
449:
446:
445:
430:
421:
406:
397:
388:
376:
360:
346:
345:
343:
340:
339:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
311:
308:
283:
280:
276:South Carolina
272:winnowing barn
267:
264:
224:
221:
203:Main article:
196:Tiangong Kaiwu
182:
179:
103:
100:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
501:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
476:
474:
467:
465:
464:
458:
442:
441:
434:
425:
419:
415:
410:
401:
392:
385:
380:
373:
369:
364:
357:
351:
347:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
313:
307:
305:
301:
300:Roxburghshire
297:
288:
279:
277:
273:
263:
259:
257:
253:
249:
241:
237:
233:
229:
220:
218:
217:
212:
206:
198:
197:
192:
187:
178:
175:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
132:
127:
123:
119:
115:
109:
108:Winnowing oar
99:
97:
92:
88:
84:
80:
74:
69:
63:
59:
54:
48:
44:
39:
33:
26:
22:
462:
454:
439:
433:
424:
417:
409:
400:
391:
379:
371:
368:Karl Kerenyi
363:
355:
350:
321:Rice pounder
293:
269:
260:
245:
236:The Winnower
235:
231:
219:of 1313 AD.
215:
213:'s book the
208:
194:
163:
159:
152:Hymn to Zeus
151:
129:
125:
111:
78:
77:
316:Rice huller
205:Fengshanche
193:, from the
148:Callimachus
138:high above
116:and in the
43:Uttarakhand
473:Categories
374:(1976:44).
354:Harrison,
342:References
232:Le vanneur
124:remarked.
58:Tamil Nadu
32:Windrowing
463:winnowing
331:Threshing
256:Yeavering
223:In Europe
211:Wang Zhen
170:Teiresias
156:Adrasteia
136:Parnassus
91:threshing
79:Winnowing
310:See also
216:Nong Shu
174:Odysseus
131:Thyiades
114:Dionysus
479:Harvest
326:Sieving
165:Odyssey
296:Cavers
172:tells
160:líknon
140:Delphi
96:basket
248:Saxon
238:) by
181:China
87:grain
83:chaff
62:India
47:India
252:Bede
23:and
298:in
246:In
150:'s
475::
416:,
370:,
154:,
60:,
45:,
234:(
34:.
27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
