315:. By 4 November, he had found that there were a great number of Scottish householders, occupied as herdsmen, labourers or artisans, mostly without land, and they were evicted. Those too who held land or mills were replaced by English tenants. Many of the empty housing was not adequate for new English settlers, even if two houses were joined together. Other Scots were servants or apprenticed to English craftsmen, these were allowed to stay. Nevertheless, the use of Scottish apprentices would be discouraged in future.
38:
543:. Ralph also sent this news to Shrewsbury. The Lords of the Privy Council had already found Ralph's intelligence gathering useful, and in January they had authorised Shrewsbury to cover the sums that Ralph laid out for "compassing sundry exploits and intelligence." Arran's host did move towards Coldingham, but Arran halted this advance before Sir William's force could engage him. Henry Eure, in July 1544, joined George Bowes and raided
415:. In the event, it was agreed that Hertford would summon Eure when he had disembarked his troops in Edinburgh. (When Eure's men arrived in Edinburgh they would get their pay). Hertford landed on Sunday 4 May 1544 and sent for Eure. His letter reached Berwick on Monday at 2pm, and Eure's reply was received at
638:
in April 1545 that
William was not suitable to be Captain of the town of Berwick. Eure and Sir Cuthbert Ratcliff, Captain of the castle of Berwick; were "men of honesty and meet to serve elsewhere", but of no experience or knowledge for keeping a fortress. Eure had a long-running dispute with Thomas
318:
William noted the valued service of a
Scottish armourer called Troilus Taylor and a mountain guide, Gilbert Cocklands, who had been employed leading raids into Scotland. He requested that these useful people be made denizens of England and pointed out their repatriation would have an unhappy result.
665:
After
William Eure's death, although Grey of Wilton wrote to Somerset on Henry Eure's behalf for his father's offices, the Wardenship of the East March and Governorship of Berwick were given to Grey of Wilton himself. However, Ralph's son, William Eure, 2nd Baron Eure was later made Warden of the
331:
were in decay, and the owners lived in more convenient unfortified places ("that was a great pity to see"). He had commanded the owners to put the fortified houses in good order. He next planned to survey the strongholds of the Middle March. Generally, he found the border peaceful enough. Trouble
446:
In
October 1544, Ralph Eure gained the allegiance of Andrew Kerr of Ferniehurst and 40 followers of various names and the town of Jedburgh. Eure took 21 hostages, including a man for each family name. If the Scots failed to fulfil their contract of assurance the hostages could be executed.
271:. The play at Linlithgow had shown the 'naughtiness' of the church. Bellenden said after the play the King spoke to the churchmen in the audience asking them to reform their factions and manner of living, otherwise, he would send six of them into England to his uncle,
471:, after Hertford had discussed the pros and cons of a more modest attack in March with Ralph Eure. An assault on Jedburgh had also been proposed as part of the major raid in May. Two days before the meeting at Milfield, Ralph Eure had written to Lord Hertford from
439:". Ralph Eure, as Warden of the Middle March, was given three "pledges" or hostages for the fulfilment of the oath by 24 members of the Oliver family and their kinsmen. These were Dandy Oliver, Rinyan (Ninian) Oliver and Patty Oliver who were kept at
478:
However, William seems to have led the raid. At
Jedburgh, where he had heard there were seven cannons at the marketplace, he divided his force into three. The Scottish defenders fled without engaging. Sir William burnt the
599:
God have mercy on him, for he was a fell cruel man and over cruel, which many a man and fatherless bairn might rue; and, wellaway that ever such slaughter and bloodshedding should be amongst
Christian men.
186:
for 20 days in 1536 with a garrison comprising only his household servants. After the rebellion was crushed, Henry VIII assumed for himself the
Wardenship of the Scottish Marches: William Eure was deputy
475:, explaining that his father was ill ("somewhat crossed") and reassuring Hertford that he could lead his father's East March men. Ralph asked Hertford to send his trumpeter for the Jedburgh raid.
295:
to the Ryden Burn's mouth and destroyed corn sown by Scots on
English ground. The Scots drew away from the border thinking Eure's men were invaders. During this business, Eure held meetings at
332:
came from the "traitorous
Scottish thieves of Liddesdale" or Henry's "evil subjects of Tynedale and Redesdale" who seemed to combine together rather than respect the peace of Henry VIII or
256:
and his bishops and council on the feast of the
Epiphany. As the play turned on the Reformation of the church, William obtained a more detailed description from a Scottish contact for
535:. The new Captain of Coldingham, George Bowes, said he could hold the place for 40 hours against the Scottish army if they brought two cannons. Ralph had reported to William that
218:, deputy Warden of the West March had to complain to James V about the circulation of ballads against Henry which they said came from Scotland. Sir Christopher Morris,
147:
260:. Eure enclosed in his letter of 26 January 1540 the synopsis of the performance compiled by his spy, which corresponds with the later text of Lindsay's play.
443:. On the same day Ralph took four Nixon hostages for the loyalty of 35 Nixons, and four Crosiers for 50 of their family, and 3 hostages for the Hall family.
411:. Ralph asked Hertford for a reinforcement of 1000 Yorkshire archers so that they could press forward from Haddington to be in sight of the landing place at
283:
Beyond the regular duties of a border Warden, in 1541 William Eure was one of the commissioners appointed by Henry VIII to expel Scottish people from
622:. Henry's next duty was to make inquiries about a captured Lieutenant of Spanish mercenaries and an Italian who had escaped and fled to Scotland.
387:
and would reconcile their differences. If their factions were united the Scots would be able to resist English ambitions to force the marriage of
191:. The Wardens were charged with keeping order on the border, dealing with encroachments from both sides and liaising with their opposite numbers.
1098:
591:
or Jedburgh led to Ralph Eure's death at the battle of Ancrum Moor in February 1545, his companions Basford and a Scotsman John Rutherford of
1078:
291:
complaining that his border subjects had begun to pasture sheep and sow grain in England. In October they viewed the border along the
666:
Middle March and Governor of Berwick. Another Ralph Eure, a brother of this William Eure, was killed in a duel fought with spears by
226:
in January 1539, as the successor of Sir Thomas Clifford. Morris noted a great multitude of arms and munitions, all 'sore decayed'.
1108:
619:
166:
in 1545. Their son William Eure later inherited the title as 2nd Baron Eure. Ralph's daughter Frances married Robert Lambton of
1103:
1073:
579:
The Eure family continued these raids into November and again in 1545. As a Scottish army mustered on the eastern border near
643:) Gower was summoned to attend the Privy Council in London and after failing to answer Eure's allegations, was sent to the
368:
372:
215:
198:
was in France seeking a bride. The situation did not deteriorate until at end of 1538, when James V was settled with
603:
The defeat at Ancrum was blamed on Ralph's over-reliance on his wavering Scottish allies and his foolhardy courage.
424:
467:. The final plan had been proposed by Lord Hertford on 27 May 1544 and endorsed by the English Privy Council and
202:. In November 1538, James V came to Jedburgh and replaced his wardens of the East and Middle March. In December,
427:
requested to speak to Ralph Eure but Hertford would not allow it. Instead, Maxwell was brought back to England.
419:
on Tuesday at 5pm. 4000 border horsemen arrived in Edinburgh on Wednesday 7 May. While the army was camped near
654:
to tithes and fishing, Eure have previously been the Captain. In May 1547 he was placed in charge of stores at
640:
435:
On 7 June 1544, a number of Scottish borderers gave their oath to be "full part takers" with England, known "
245:
236:
154:, Henry, who was Master of the Ordnance at Berwick, Margery, Muriel, and Anne. Sir Ralph Eure, who was also
1055:
523:, where the Priory was defended by cannon, after a 5-hour battle. Subsequently, William Eure wrote to the
667:
404:
188:
123:
658:
and asked to assist in the fortification of the place according to the designs of William Ridgeway and
607:
was made Warden of the Middle March in his place. To avenge Ralph, Henry Eure and George Bowes went to
552:
241:
155:
487:
in the town. They captured 500 horses and seven cannons. On their way back to England, they burnt the
146:
William was the son of Ralph Eure and Muriel Hastings. He married Elizabeth Willoughby, a daughter of
1003:
866:
568:
548:
503:, they observed fires raised by a Scottish raiding party. Ralph Eure with Richard Bowes, Captain of
408:
766:
901:
Reynold Wolf (1544), epilogue; 'Other new and prosperous adventures of late against the Scots.'
659:
556:
219:
151:
127:
777:, Tuckwell (2004), 265 & n.71 additionally citing Mss. PRO SP59/20 fos. 196-7, WARD7/8/42.
595:
cut down beside him. Regent Arran was shown Ralph's body by a man called Vicar Ogle, and said;
604:
468:
272:
163:
111:
1093:
1088:
1083:
516:
392:
388:
268:
8:
344:
333:
288:
264:
195:
183:
407:
for May 1544. William and Ralph Eure were to bring a diversionary force of March men to
1032:
635:
524:
412:
364:
223:
179:
134:, Eure and his sons Henry and Ralph made numerous raids against towns and farms in the
119:
588:
528:
249:
118:
by patent in 1544. The surname is often written as "Evers". William was Governor of
650:
The council also arbitrated between Eure and Cuthbert Ratcliffe over the rights of
472:
440:
320:
159:
135:
1012:
A breefe discourse, concerning the force and effect of all manuall weapons of fire
870:
811:
730:
The History Of Scotland From The Accession Of The House Of Stuart To That Of Mary
727:
712:
492:
384:
257:
211:
107:
351:
finds that Eure had encouraged Scottish artisans to settle in the Middle March.
651:
480:
348:
296:
284:
167:
37:
1067:
608:
504:
436:
380:
319:
William's commission also included a survey of the border fortresses east to
253:
203:
199:
103:
499:
church, Otterburn, Cowboge and other places. Near to the English border, at
644:
631:
536:
500:
484:
420:
376:
360:
359:
Sir William and his sons Henry and Ralph were active during the war of the
324:
131:
655:
611:
and demolished two towers and burnt farmsteads belonging to the Laird of
300:
292:
1045:
790:
vol.4 (1967), pp.64-5, Eure to Hertford, Alnwick Castle, 28 April 1544.
532:
520:
496:
328:
312:
207:
115:
311:
to avenge the murders of the Fenwick family by attacking the Scots in
592:
507:, and 500 men rode forward and captured or killed a number of Scots.
308:
234:
One of William's letters gives the earliest description of the play
612:
560:
488:
464:
456:
304:
263:
Eure said he had talked with Bellenden, a member of the council of
222:, invested William as Keeper and Captain of the Castle and town of
64:
564:
559:. On 3 July, William Eure organised the burning of the Castle of
584:
580:
540:
460:
340:
539:
with other Scottish lords were gathering an invasion force at
544:
416:
527:
that he had escorted the Italian military surveyor Archan (
347:
on 17 November 1541 to finalise the survey. The historian
618:
In March 1548 Henry Eure reported his father's death to
148:
Christopher Willoughby, 10th Baron Willoughby de Eresby
455:
On 9 June 1544, Sir William and his colleagues met at
1022:, vol.5 (1808), 585, Ralph Eure brother to Lord Eure.
939:, vol. 20 part 1 (1905), nos. 253, 285, 301, 306, 355
1018:
through with a spear despite his armour: Holinshed,
949:
Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII
857:, vol. 5 part IV cont., (London, 1836), pp. 399-400.
371:
news of rumours he had heard from Scotsmen that the
287:
following an Act of Parliament. In June he wrote to
158:, married Margery Bowes, daughter of Ralph Bowes of
1014:, London (1592), p.21, describes how Kirkcaldy ran
343:, Willam planned to meet up with his colleagues at
821:p.43 & pp.48-51: Haynes (1740), see next ref.
278:
1065:
990:, vol.1 (1898), p.92 no.187, p.101 no.204, p.193
106:was an English knight and soldier active on the
914:, vol. 1 (1791), p.48 no. XXII, p.67-68 no.XXX.
662:, without diminishing the garrison at Berwick.
690:, vol.1 (1791), pp.35-36 note, pp.267-268 note
269:Reformation of the 'spirituality' in Scotland
574:
701:The Administration of the Scottish Frontier
398:
130:. During the Anglo-Scottish war called the
639:Gower, the Marshall of Berwick (father of
229:
36:
122:in 1539, Commander in the North in 1542,
975:Register of the Privy Council, 1547-1550
962:Register of the Privy Council, 1542-1547
625:
1002:, vol. 8, HMSO, (1982), 66-67, no. 397:
977:, vol.2 (1890), pp.469-470, 499, 501-2.
899:The Late Expedicion into Scotland, 1544
813:The Late Expedicion into Scotland, 1544
194:At first, the border was quiet because
1099:Peers of England created by Henry VIII
1066:
1000:Register of the Privy Seal of Scotland
927:vol. 1, London (1740), pp.43-50, 52-54
173:
802:, vol.19 part 1 (1903), no. 464, 467.
214:against Henry VIII. William Eure and
567:of Ormiston and the church tower at
815:, Reynold Wolf (1554) reprinted in
771:, vol. 1 (1890), 120-3, 7 Nov. 1541
515:Later in the month, Henry Eure and
373:Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox
339:After showing an armed presence at
13:
1079:English people of the Rough Wooing
845:, vol.2 (1890) appendix pp. 741-3.
14:
1120:
1010:, (1929), 225: Humfrey, Barwick,
988:Calendar of State Papers Scotland
757:, vol.16 (1898), nos. 1263, 1264.
248:, who described a performance at
951:, vol.20 part 1, (1905), no.582.
937:Letters & Papers, Henry VIII
912:Illustrations of British History
876:pp. 12–13, 22, 26–27, 31, 37, 39
755:Letters & Papers, Henry VIII
688:Illustrations of British History
583:, Ralph argued for an attack on
16:English nobleman in 16th century
993:
980:
967:
954:
942:
930:
917:
904:
892:
879:
860:
848:
836:
833:, vol.19 part 1 (1903), no.531.
824:
805:
354:
1109:Garrison of Berwick-upon-Tweed
889:, vol. 1, London (1740), p. 41
831:Letters and Papers, Henry VIII
800:Letters and Papers, Henry VIII
793:
780:
760:
748:
736:
721:
716:, vol.5 part IV, cont., (1836)
706:
693:
680:
303:. He hoped to induce men from
279:Survey of Northumberland, 1541
1:
1104:16th-century English nobility
1074:16th-century English soldiers
673:
641:Sir Thomas Gower, 1st Baronet
510:
483:, the Greyfriars and various
430:
237:A Satire of the Three Estates
925:A Collection of State Papers
887:A Collection of State Papers
872:A Collection of State Papers
703:, Edinburgh (1966), 173-177.
100:William Eure, 1st Baron Eure
7:
732:, vol.2, (1791), pp.494-497
668:William Kirkcaldy of Grange
485:bastle and fortified houses
450:
405:assault by sea on Edinburgh
403:Hertford organised a major
267:about the possibility of a
189:Warden of the Eastern March
124:Warden of the Eastern March
42:Arms of the Eures of Witton
10:
1125:
242:David Lindsay of the Mount
156:Warden of the Middle March
150:. Their children included
1052:
1043:
1038:
1031:
1004:James Melville of Halhill
973:Dasent, John Roche, ed.,
960:Dasent, John Roche, ed.,
575:Muirhouse and Ancrum Moor
141:
89:
81:
73:
63:
55:
47:
35:
30:
23:
788:Longleat, Seymour Papers
463:and decided to march on
399:The burning of Edinburgh
964:, vol. 1 (1890), p.444.
874:, vol. 1, London (1740)
855:State Papers Henry VIII
714:State Papers Henry VIII
230:Interlude at Linlithgow
773:: Meikle, Maureen M.,
601:
489:Tower of Cailing Craig
383:had held a meeting at
363:and were stationed at
220:Master of the Ordnance
162:and was killed at the
128:High Sheriff of Durham
923:Haynes, Samuel, ed.,
885:Haynes, Samuel, ed.,
745:, vol.1 (1890), 80-81
626:Governance of Berwick
609:Bowmont in Teviotdale
597:
164:Battle of Ancrum Moor
112:Henry VIII of England
108:Anglo-Scottish border
1020:Chronicles: Scotland
686:Lodge, Edmund, ed.,
553:Patrick Hume's Tower
389:Mary, Queen of Scots
367:. William Eure sent
246:Sir Thomas Bellenden
178:Ralph Eure defended
77:Elizabeth Willoughby
986:Bain, Joseph, ed.,
775:A British Frontier?
767:Bain, Joseph, ed.,
620:Lord Grey of Wilton
345:Newcastle upon Tyne
334:James V of Scotland
289:James V of Scotland
265:James V of Scotland
244:. William spoke to
196:James V of Scotland
184:Pilgrimage of Grace
174:Quiet on the border
1033:Peerage of England
636:Thomas Wriothesley
563:. Ralph burnt the
525:Earl of Shrewsbury
365:Berwick upon Tweed
327:. Many of the old
224:Berwick upon Tweed
180:Scarborough Castle
120:Berwick upon Tweed
1062:
1061:
1053:Succeeded by
728:Pinkerton, John,
529:Archangelo Arcano
250:Linlithgow Palace
102:(c.1483–1548) of
97:
96:
1116:
1029:
1028:
1023:
997:
991:
984:
978:
971:
965:
958:
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934:
928:
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834:
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784:
778:
764:
758:
752:
746:
740:
734:
725:
719:
710:
704:
699:Rae, Thomas I.,
697:
691:
684:
473:Warkworth Castle
441:Warkworth Castle
321:Harbottle Castle
160:Streatlam Castle
136:Scottish Borders
40:
21:
20:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1064:
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861:
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849:
843:Hamilton Papers
841:
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829:
825:
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806:
798:
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785:
781:
769:Hamilton Papers
765:
761:
753:
749:
743:Hamilton Papers
741:
737:
726:
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711:
707:
698:
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685:
681:
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577:
513:
493:Cessford Castle
453:
433:
401:
385:Stirling Castle
357:
281:
258:Thomas Cromwell
232:
212:Excommunication
206:proclaimed his
176:
144:
93:Muriel Hastings
43:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1122:
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1106:
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1042:
1036:
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1024:
1016:Euers or Ewrie
992:
979:
966:
953:
941:
929:
916:
910:Edmund Lodge,
903:
891:
878:
867:Haynes, Samuel
859:
847:
835:
823:
804:
792:
779:
759:
747:
735:
720:
718:pp. 146-8, 150
705:
692:
678:
677:
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652:Berwick Castle
647:in June 1546.
627:
624:
576:
573:
512:
509:
452:
449:
432:
429:
400:
397:
356:
353:
349:Maureen Meikle
285:Northumberland
280:
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252:before James,
231:
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216:Thomas Wharton
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52:
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45:
44:
41:
33:
32:
31:1st Baron Eure
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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630:The diplomat
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437:Assured Scots
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418:
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406:
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393:Prince Edward
390:
386:
382:
381:Mary of Guise
378:
374:
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369:Lord Hertford
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204:Pope Paul III
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200:Mary of Guise
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39:
34:
29:
22:
19:
1056:William Eure
1044:
1040:New creation
1039:
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817:Tudor Tracts
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742:
738:
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682:
664:
649:
645:Fleet Prison
634:reported to
632:Ralph Sadler
629:
617:
605:Robert Bowes
602:
598:
587:. A raid to
578:
537:Regent Arran
517:George Bowes
514:
501:Kirk Yetholm
477:
454:
445:
434:
425:Lord Maxwell
421:Seton Palace
402:
377:Regent Arran
361:Rough Wooing
358:
355:Rough Wooing
338:
325:river Coquet
317:
282:
262:
235:
233:
193:
182:against the
177:
145:
132:Rough Wooing
99:
98:
65:Noble family
25:William Eure
18:
1094:Barons Eure
1089:1483 births
1084:1548 deaths
660:Richard Lee
656:Lindisfarne
329:Pele towers
293:river Tweed
1068:Categories
1050:1544–1548
1046:Baron Eure
674:References
533:Coldingham
521:Coldingham
511:Coldingham
497:Morebattle
469:Henry VIII
431:Assurances
409:Haddington
313:Liddesdale
273:Henry VIII
116:Baron Eure
85:Ralph Eure
670:in 1557.
593:Edgerston
519:captured
309:Redesdale
152:Sir Ralph
114:made him
74:Spouse(s)
561:Greenlaw
465:Jedburgh
457:Milfield
451:Jedburgh
323:and the
305:Tynedale
1008:Memoirs
615:(Mow).
589:Melrose
569:Eckford
565:Barmkin
549:Preston
413:Granton
297:Alnwick
168:Lambton
869:, ed.,
819:(1903)
585:Hawick
581:Lauder
541:Dunbar
505:Norham
461:Wooler
341:Hexham
142:Family
126:, and
104:Witton
90:Mother
82:Father
786:HMC;
613:Molle
545:Edrom
531:) to
481:Abbey
459:near
417:Leith
557:Duns
555:and
391:and
379:and
307:and
301:Etal
299:and
208:Bull
69:Eure
59:1548
56:Died
51:1483
48:Born
240:by
210:of
1070::
1006:,
571:.
551:,
547:,
495:,
491:,
423:,
395:.
375:,
336:.
275:.
170:.
138:.
110:.
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