44:
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members of his staff and nearby artillerymen to duck for cover. Sedgwick strode around in the open and was quoted as saying, "What? Men dodging this way for single bullets? What will you do when they open fire along the whole line? I am ashamed of you. They couldn't hit an elephant at this distance." Although chastened, his men continued to flinch and he repeated, "I'm ashamed of you, dodging that way. They couldn't hit an elephant at this distance." Just seconds later he fell forward with a bullet hole below his left eye. At least five
Confederate soldiers claimed that they had fired the fatal shot.
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2271:
354:. Trials were held in 1857 to compare Whitworth's design against the Enfield. The Whitworth rifle outperformed the Enfield at a rate of about three to one in the trials, which tested the accuracy and range of both weapons. Notably, the Whitworth rifle was able to hit the target at a range of 2,000 yards (1,800 m), whereas the Enfield was only able to hit the same target at a range of 1,400 yards (1,300 m).
682:
373:
Whitworth chose to use a longer and more slender bullet than was common at the time, which resulted in a bore diameter of .451 inches (11.5 mm) caliber, significantly smaller than the
Enfield's .577-inch (14.7 mm) caliber bore. Whitworth's bullets were more stable at longer ranges than the
560:
began the modern preproduction of
Whitworth rifles. These reproductions are often used by Confederate re-enactors of the American Civil War, and by those who have an interest in muzzleloading firearms. All variants used in the American Civil War were "two-band" with 33-inch (840 mm) barrels,
449:
was chiding some of his troops for lying down in a ditch to avoid
Confederate sharpshooters at a range of around 800 to 1,000 yards (730–910 m). Shots from Confederate Whitworth rifles, easily identifiable due to the shrill whistling noises their hexagonal bullets made in flight, caused
357:
While the trials were generally a success for the
Whitworth rifle, the British government ultimately rejected the design because the Whitworth's barrel was much more prone to fouling than the Enfield, and the Whitworth rifle also cost approximately four times as much to manufacture. The Whitworth
482:
Whitworth rifles were made with barrel lengths of 33, 36 and 39 inches (840, 910 and 990 mm), giving the weapon an overall length of 49, 52 and 55 inches (1,200, 1,300 and 1,400 mm) respectively. The barrel was attached to the stock using two or three barrel bands,
378:
sport, "smallbore". Whitworth also engineered the barrel with a 1-in-20-inch (510 mm) twist, quite a bit tighter than the 1-in-78-inch (2,000 mm) of the 1853 Enfield, or the later 1856/1858 variants with five-groove barrels and a 1-in-48-inch (1,200 mm) twist. The extra spin the
342:
instead of traditional rifled barrels, which was patented in 1854. The hexagonal polygonal rifling meant that the projectile did not have to bite into grooves as was done with conventional rifling. In 1856, that concept was demonstrated in a series of experiments using brass howitzers.
543:
The typical
Confederate rifle in the U.S. Civil war had a barrel length of 33 inches (840 mm), open sights with the front blade being adjustable for windage, and a stock which extended to within a short distance of the muzzle, giving the rifle a snub-nosed appearance.
473:
was admitted to have surpassed all the others for accuracy at long ranges. No less than 1,000 rounds were fired from each rifle without cleaning. But as it required "...very peculiar long cartridges, it was thought these would be inconvenient for army purposes."
503:
into the hexagonal bore. Recovered bullets were found to be as hexagonal as those which had been factory-made to a hexagonal shape. The hexagonal-form bullet did not need to expand to properly grip the barrel, and therefore could be made out of a harder lead
385:
When being used by sharpshooters, Whitworth rifles were usually rested against a tree or log to increase their accuracy. Some sharpshooters carried their own forked rests for the rifle, so that a suitable rest was always available.
561:
while, as of 2022, the reproduction rifles are all the longer-barreled, "three-band", civilian versions of the famed rifle. Many riflemen enjoy using them in target shooting competitions at ranges up to 1,000 yards (910 m).
515:
used on
Whitworth rifles varied. Some used Enfield type flip-up sights that were graduated to 1,200 yards (1,100 m) in 100 yards (90 m) increments. Others used a sliding blade sight with an adjustment for
423:, but private arms manufacturers were not required to remain neutral. The Whitworth Rifle Company, for example, sold the rifle to the Confederacy. The Confederate soldiers that used these rifles were referred to as
763:
531:
which, unlike modern rifle scopes, was attached to the left side of the weapon instead of the top. While the telescopic sight was very advanced for its time, it had a reputation for leaving the user with a
486:
Two types of bullets were used in the
Whitworth rifle: hexagonal and cylindrical. The cylindrical bullets had to be made out of soft pure lead, with a small hollow in the base. Under the influence of the
382:
The
Whitworth rifle weighed 9 lb (4.1 kg). Other long-range rifles of the period tended to have much larger and heavier barrels, which made them too heavy for standard infantry use.
366:
While the barrel design of the
Whitworth rifle was innovative, the rest of the rifle was similar to other rifles and rifle-muskets used at the time. The rifle was muzzle loaded, and used a
326:
The Whitworth rifle was considered to be the very best rifle of its time in terms of accuracy, when compared to other British, French, American rifles, or those produced elsewhere.
1425:
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698:"U.S. and Confederate Arms and Armories During the American Civil War: Arms imported from Europe during the American Civil War, 1861–1865" By James P. Whisker
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520:. Some had simple fixed front sights, while others used a post and globe front sight. A small number of Whitworth rifles were equipped with a
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shorter and larger diameter bullets found in other rifles of the time. Soon .577 calibre was called "fullbore", and .451, used extensively in
1994:
645:
77:
453:
The Whitworth rifle with a hexagonal bore and rapid regular twist, when it was tested by the Union's Ordnance Committee, along with the
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2014:
2009:
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727:
1804:
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fired the first shot from a Whitworth rifle on a machine rest at 400 yards (370 m), and struck the bull's-eye 1 to
1178:
635:"Minutes of proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Volume 19" By Institution of Civil Engineers (Great Britain)
1888:
1653:
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1188:
1138:
720:
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Rifle Company was able to sell the weapon to the French army, and also to the Confederacy during the American Civil War.
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316:
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Sir Thomas Longmore. "Gunshot injuries, their history, characteristic features, complications, general treatment".
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The Whitworth was held responsible for at least two deaths of high-ranking officers. On 19 September 1863, at the
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2153:
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Whitworth believed that the same type of system could be used to create a more accurate rifle to replace the
93:
595:"Sure Shot: Confederate Sharpshooters Left No Doubt the Whitworth Was Their Weapon of Choice—When Available"
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1952:
1057:
938:
918:
1458:
773:
612:
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2100:
1934:
1105:
976:
17:
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427:. They accompanied regular infantrymen, and were usually used to eliminate Union artillery gun crews.
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This article is about the muzzleloading rifled musket. For the breachloader rifled field gun, see
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firing mechanism. The lock mechanism was very similar to that used on the Enfield rifle-musket.
315:, one of the highest-ranking Union officers killed during the Civil War, shot on 9 May 1864, at
2057:
1962:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1799:
1198:
338:, a prominent British engineer and entrepreneur. Whitworth had experimented with cannons using
1901:
319:. In October 2017, a surviving example of a Confederate Whitworth rifle was auctioned with a
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54:
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8:
2216:
1849:
1548:
1100:
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375:
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1957:
1947:
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1362:
1148:
1072:
1015:
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860:
798:
420:
304:
103:
81:
1760:
Sharps M1848, M1850, M1851, M1852, M1853, M1855, M1859, M1863, M1865 carbine and rifle
2115:
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1789:
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1125:
953:
865:
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339:
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1906:
1315:
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1911:
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1435:
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755:
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335:
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126:
111:
1740:
379:
tighter twist imparted to the projectile further stabilized the bullet in flight.
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1921:
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with excellent long-range accuracy for its era, especially when used with a
2143:
2138:
2128:
2066:
James 24-pounder M1839, 32-pounder M1829 and 42-pounder M1841 rifled cannon
1967:
1759:
1720:
1715:
968:
492:
488:
320:
290:
282:
219:
2091:
Parrott 30-pounder, 100-pounder, 200-pounder and 300-pounder rifled cannon
1942:
1473:
1372:
1299:
1294:
1281:
1203:
830:
553:
351:
279:
2167:
2148:
1039:
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783:
500:
308:
258:
181:
457:
Lancaster rifle with a smooth elliptical bore and an increasing twist;
2211:
2186:
2181:
2133:
2123:
2061:(also known as James 6-pounder M1861 or 3.8-inch M1861 rifled cannon)
1977:
1873:
1513:
1304:
997:
890:
613:
https://auctions.morphyauctions.com/LotDetail.aspx?inventoryid=436103
533:
496:
434:, an unnamed Confederate sharpshooter mortally wounded Union General
469:
of five grooves and regular twist of one turn in forty three inches;
991:
552:
Previously, reproductions of Whitworth rifles were manufactured by
1620:
1367:
685:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
517:
197:
2236:
1616:
813:
537:
512:
289:, the Whitworth rifle was widely regarded as the world's first
817:
658:"Through the Crosshairs: A History of Snipers" By Andy Dougan
505:
667:"The gun and its development" By William Wellington Greener
1716:
Joslyn M1855, M1861, M1862, M1864, M1865 carbine and rifle
556:
and Euroarms. In September 2015, Italian manufacturer
278:
rifle used in the latter half of the 19th century. A
2247:
1345:
1995:
8-inch M1841, 10-inch M1841 and 13-inch M1861 mortar
350:, which had shown some weaknesses during the recent
2283:
1775:Spencer M1860, M1865 repeating carbine and rifle
463:' breech loader with a Whitworth barrel; and the
445:, according to popular accounts, Union General
296:The Whitworth rifle saw extensive use with the
1331:
728:
20:. For the breachloader rifled naval gun, see
2302:Weapons of the Confederate States of America
1449:Allen & Thurber M1837 revolver pepperbox
1401:M1850 army staff & field officer's sword
441:Later in the war, on 9 May 1864, during the
398:held its first annual meeting at Wimbledon.
2297:Victorian-era weapons of the United Kingdom
1514:Deringer M1825 Philadelphia caplock pistol
1386:M1840 army noncommissioned officer's sword
1338:
1324:
735:
721:
419:Britain was officially neutral during the
1602:Wesson and Leavitt M1850 Dragoon revolver
1559:Remington M1860 Elliot revolver pepperbox
438:, who was leading a charge at the time.
416:inches (25–32 mm) from its center.
334:The Whitworth rifle was designed by Sir
232:800 to 1,000 yd (730 to 910 m)
1464:Butterfield M1855 transitional revolver
2284:
2086:Parrott 20-pounder M1861 rifled cannon
2081:Parrott 10-pounder M1861 rifled cannon
2038:12-pounder M1857 Napoleon field cannon
536:due to the rifle's fairly substantial
361:
1935:Billinghurst Requa Battery volley gun
1654:Colt M1855 revolver carbine and rifle
1319:
716:
2058:James 14-pounder M1861 rifled cannon
1524:Harpers Ferry M1836 and M1842 pistol
1426:USMC noncommissioned officer's sword
2071:Ordnance 3-inch M1861 rifled cannon
1574:Smith & Wesson Model No. 2 Army
1454:Allen & Wheelock M1861 revolver
624:Illustrated Times: Weekly Newspaper
13:
2154:Whitworth 70-pounder rifled cannon
2101:Whitworth 12-pounder rifled cannon
2033:12-pounder M1841 mountain howitzer
1765:Sharps & Hankins M1862 carbine
1649:Charleville M1816 and M1822 musket
1519:Elgin M1838 cutlass caplock pistol
677:The Annual of Scientific Discovery
483:depending on the barrel's length.
396:British National Rifle Association
311:generals, including Major General
14:
2313:
1578:Spiller & Burr M1861 revolver
1347:Weapons of the American Civil War
746:small arms & ordnance of the
443:Battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse
2269:
2257:
1564:Savage-North M1861 Navy revolver
680:
576:Rifles in the American Civil War
307:, claiming the lives of several
229:Effective firing range
42:
2076:Ordnance 4.5-inch rifled cannon
1830:Springfield M1863 rifled musket
1825:Springfield M1861 rifled musket
1820:Springfield M1855 rifled musket
1639:Brunswick P1836 and P1841 rifle
1592:Volcanic M1855 repeating pistol
804:Webley .455" Revolver Mk I – IV
701:
2000:Coehorn 5.82-inch M1841 mortar
1850:Wesson M1859 carbine and rifle
1845:Volcanic M1855 repeating rifle
1582:Starr M1858 and M1863 revolver
851:Pattern 1861 Enfield musketoon
692:
670:
661:
652:
638:
629:
617:
605:
587:
527:, designed by British Colonel
237:Maximum firing range
157:
22:70-pounder Whitworth naval gun
1:
1459:Beaumont–Adams M1862 revolver
581:
547:
94:Confederate States of America
2023:6-pounder M1841 field cannon
1943:Gatling I and II machine gun
1755:Richmond M1861 rifled musket
1469:Colt M1836 Paterson revolver
626:, v. 4, p. 46, 21 July 1860.
240:1,500 yd (1,400 m)
202:0.451 in (11.5 mm)
7:
1815:Springfield M1847 musketoon
1704:Henry M1860 repeating rifle
1669:Enfield P1853 rifled musket
1664:Deringer M1817 Common rifle
1659:Deringer M1814 Common rifle
1479:Colt M1848 Dragoon revolver
1406:M1852 naval officer's sword
1396:M1840 light artillery saber
564:
477:
10:
2318:
1721:Lorenz M1854 rifled musket
1569:Smith & Wesson Model 1
1504:Colt M1862 Police revolver
1484:Colt M1849 Pocket revolver
1474:Colt M1847 Walker revolver
1378:M1832 foot artillery sword
1179:BL 9.2-inch Mk IV & VI
977:RML 7-pounder mountain gun
646:"Target Shooting - Page 2"
329:
176:49 in (1,200 mm)
18:12-pounder Whitworth rifle
15:
2292:American Civil War rifles
2166:
2109:
2048:32-pounder M1844 howitzer
2043:24-pounder M1841 howitzer
2028:12-pounder M1841 howitzer
2008:
1985:
1976:
1920:
1863:
1615:
1539:Lefaucheux M1858 revolver
1534:Lefaucheux M1854 revolver
1434:
1416:M1860 light cavalry saber
1353:
1280:
1242:
1216:
1124:
1111:BL 6-inch 30 cwt howitzer
1088:RML 64-pounder 71 cwt gun
1078:RML 64-pounder 64 cwt gun
1029:
990:
982:RML 2.5-inch mountain gun
967:
898:
889:
812:
754:
254:
244:
236:
228:
218:
206:
196:
191:
180:
172:
167:
156:
148:
140:
132:
122:
117:
99:
73:
68:
61:Place of origin
60:
50:
41:
34:
2124:Bomford Columbiad cannon
1810:Springfield M1842 musket
1805:Springfield M1840 musket
1800:Springfield M1835 musket
1795:Springfield M1822 musket
1790:Springfield M1816 musket
1785:Springfield M1812 musket
1780:Springfield M1795 musket
1699:Harper Ferry M1803 rifle
1694:Hall-North M1843 carbine
1679:Fayetteville M1862 rifle
1554:Remington M1858 revolver
1509:Colt Root M1855 revolver
1499:Colt M1861 Navy revolver
1494:Colt M1860 Army revolver
1489:Colt M1851 Navy revolver
1189:BL 12-inch Mk I, VI, VII
1144:BL 6-inch Mk III, IV, VI
1033:& garrison artillery
187:33 in (840 mm)
108:Australian frontier wars
2149:Rodman Columbiad cannon
1884:Double-barreled shotgun
1736:Mississippi M1841 rifle
1674:Enfield P1861 musketoon
1134:QF 3-pounder Nordenfelt
944:BL 12-pounder 6 cwt gun
774:Beaumont–Adams revolver
571:British military rifles
425:Whitworth Sharpshooters
144:Whitworth Rifle Company
1684:Gallager M1861 carbine
1644:Burnside M1855 carbine
1607:Whitney M1857 revolver
1587:Tranter M1856 revolver
1106:BL 5-inch gun Mk I – V
794:Kerr's Patent revolver
679:, 1864, v. 15, p. 67.
389:
220:Rate of fire
2053:Blakely rifled cannon
1963:Vandenberg volley gun
1855:Whitworth P1857 rifle
1840:Tarpley M1863 carbine
1731:Merrill M1858 carbine
1726:Maynard M1851 carbine
1629:Augustin M1842 musket
1231:10-inch 18 cwt mortar
1226:13-inch 36 cwt mortar
1116:BL 9.45-inch howitzer
1083:RML 64-pounder 58 cwt
1068:RML 25-pounder 18 cwt
1040:4.1-inch 'Long Cecil'
1011:RML 6.6-inch howitzer
1006:RML 6.3-inch howitzer
934:RML 16-pounder 12 cwt
907:SBML 9 pounder 13 cwt
432:Battle of Chickamauga
224:2–3 rounds per minute
2129:Brooke rifled cannon
2096:Pate revolver cannon
1968:Williams machine gun
1953:Pate revolver cannon
1889:Hale rocket launcher
1750:Potzdam M1831 musket
1597:Walch M1859 revolver
1549:Moore M1864 revolver
1544:LeMat M1856 revolver
1444:Adams M1851 revolver
1021:BL 5.4-inch howitzer
959:QF 1-pounder pom-pom
929:RML 13-pounder 8 cwt
846:Pattern 1853 Enfield
611:James D. Julia Inc.
495:(5.2–5.8 g) of
348:Pattern 1853 Enfield
274:was an English-made
55:Muzzle-loading rifle
29:Muzzle-loading rifle
2217:Maynard tape primer
1939:Claxton machine gun
1835:Starr M1858 carbine
1770:Smith M1857 carbine
1634:Ballard M1861 rifle
1529:Kerr M1855 revolver
1391:M1840 cavalry saber
1382:M1833 dragoon saber
1235:8-inch 9 cwt mortar
1101:RML 8-inch howitzer
949:QF 12-pounder 8 cwt
939:BL 12-pounder 7 cwt
924:RML 9-pounder 8 cwt
769:1897 infantry sword
499:, the bullet would
376:long range shooting
362:Design and features
259:Classic iron sights
2264:American Civil War
1958:Ripley machine gun
1948:Gorgas machine gun
1922:Rapid fire weapons
1363:Arkansas toothpick
1073:RML 40-pounder gun
1053:SBML 8-inch 65 cwt
1016:BL 5-inch howitzer
969:Mountain artillery
841:Pattern 1851 Minié
421:American Civil War
305:American Civil War
118:Production history
104:American Civil War
2245:
2244:
2162:
2161:
2116:Coastal artillery
2062:
1313:
1312:
1295:0.45" Gatling gun
1212:
1211:
1126:Coastal artillery
954:BL 15-pounder gun
497:fine rifle powder
491:of 80 to 90
340:polygonal rifling
268:
267:
2309:
2274:
2273:
2272:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2253:
2134:Carronade cannon
2060:
1983:
1982:
1930:Ager machine gun
1912:Winans Steam Gun
1741:P1839 and P1842
1689:Hall M1819 rifle
1340:
1333:
1326:
1317:
1316:
1273:Hales 24-pounder
1169:BL 8-inch Mk VII
1097:RML 6.6-inch gun
896:
895:
799:Tranter revolver
789:Enfield revolver
737:
730:
723:
714:
713:
708:
705:
699:
696:
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684:
683:
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633:
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621:
615:
609:
603:
602:
601:. November 2017.
591:
558:Davide Pedersoli
525:telescopic sight
461:Westley Richards
415:
414:
410:
407:
336:Joseph Whitworth
287:telescopic sight
245:Feed system
159:
127:Joseph Whitworth
112:New Zealand wars
46:
37:
36:Whitworth rifle
32:
31:
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2306:
2282:
2281:
2280:
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2268:
2258:
2256:
2248:
2246:
2241:
2227:Paper cartridge
2207:Friction primer
2174:
2158:
2144:Paixhans cannon
2139:Dahlgren cannon
2114:
2105:
2015:Siege artillery
2013:
2004:
1972:
1916:
1894:Ketchum Grenade
1879:Congreve rocket
1859:
1611:
1430:
1349:
1344:
1314:
1309:
1276:
1270:Hales 9-pounder
1238:
1208:
1184:BL 10-inch Mk I
1120:
1049:SBML 24-pounder
1045:SBBL 32-pounder
1025:
998:heavy artillery
995:
986:
963:
900:Field Artillery
885:
856:Whitworth rifle
836:Brunswick rifle
808:
764:Infantry swords
750:
741:
711:
706:
702:
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693:
681:
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671:
666:
662:
657:
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593:
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588:
584:
567:
550:
480:
412:
408:
405:
403:
392:
368:percussion lock
364:
332:
272:Whitworth rifle
213:Percussion lock
192:
92:
88:
84:
80:
69:Service history
35:
30:
25:
12:
11:
5:
2315:
2305:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2279:
2278:
2276:United Kingdom
2266:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2232:Percussion cap
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2192:.56-56 Spencer
2189:
2184:
2178:
2176:
2164:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2120:
2118:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2019:
2017:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1991:
1989:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1937:
1932:
1926:
1924:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1902:Rains landmine
1899:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1625:
1623:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1440:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1421:Mameluke sword
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1359:
1357:
1351:
1350:
1343:
1342:
1335:
1328:
1320:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1290:Nordenfelt gun
1286:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1259:
1253:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1228:
1222:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1206:
1204:RML 17.72-inch
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1149:BL 6-inch Mk V
1146:
1141:
1136:
1130:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1095:
1093:RML 80-pounder
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1058:RBL 40-pounder
1055:
1050:
1047:
1042:
1036:
1034:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1002:
1000:
988:
987:
985:
984:
979:
973:
971:
965:
964:
962:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
919:RBL 20-pounder
916:
914:RBL 12-pounder
911:
908:
904:
902:
893:
887:
886:
884:
883:
878:
873:
871:Swinburn–Henry
868:
863:
861:Snider–Enfield
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
822:
820:
810:
809:
807:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
779:Adams revolver
776:
771:
766:
760:
758:
752:
751:
744:British Empire
740:
739:
732:
725:
717:
710:
709:
700:
691:
669:
660:
651:
637:
628:
616:
604:
585:
583:
580:
579:
578:
573:
566:
563:
549:
546:
529:David Davidson
479:
476:
471:
470:
464:
458:
400:Queen Victoria
391:
388:
363:
360:
331:
328:
323:of $ 161,000.
266:
265:
256:
252:
251:
246:
242:
241:
238:
234:
233:
230:
226:
225:
222:
216:
215:
210:
204:
203:
200:
194:
193:
189:
188:
185:
178:
177:
174:
170:
169:
168:Specifications
165:
164:
161:
154:
153:
150:
146:
145:
142:
138:
137:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
115:
114:
101:
97:
96:
78:United Kingdom
75:
71:
70:
66:
65:
64:United Kingdom
62:
58:
57:
52:
48:
47:
39:
38:
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2314:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2277:
2267:
2265:
2255:
2254:
2251:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2202:Canister shot
2200:
2198:
2197:Buck and ball
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2175:and equipment
2173:
2169:
2165:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2112:
2108:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:Rains grenade
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:Adams grenade
1869:
1868:
1866:
1864:Other weapons
1862:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1411:M1860 cutlass
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1355:Edged weapons
1352:
1348:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1329:
1327:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1279:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1194:RML 12.5-inch
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1001:
999:
993:
989:
983:
980:
978:
975:
974:
972:
970:
966:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:RBL 9 pounder
909:
906:
905:
903:
901:
897:
894:
892:
888:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
866:Martini–Henry
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
823:
821:
819:
815:
811:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
761:
759:
757:
753:
749:
748:Victorian era
745:
738:
733:
731:
726:
724:
719:
718:
715:
704:
695:
688:
687:public domain
678:
673:
664:
655:
647:
641:
632:
625:
620:
614:
608:
600:
596:
590:
586:
577:
574:
572:
569:
568:
562:
559:
555:
545:
541:
539:
535:
530:
526:
523:
519:
514:
509:
507:
502:
498:
494:
490:
484:
475:
468:
467:Enfield rifle
465:
462:
459:
456:
455:
454:
451:
448:
447:John Sedgwick
444:
439:
437:
436:William Lytle
433:
428:
426:
422:
417:
401:
397:
394:In 1860, the
387:
383:
380:
377:
371:
369:
359:
355:
353:
349:
344:
341:
337:
327:
324:
322:
318:
314:
313:John Sedgwick
310:
306:
302:
301:sharpshooters
299:
294:
292:
288:
284:
281:
277:
273:
264:
260:
257:
253:
250:
249:Muzzle-loaded
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
221:
217:
214:
211:
209:
205:
201:
199:
195:
190:
186:
183:
179:
175:
171:
166:
162:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
128:
125:
121:
116:
113:
109:
105:
102:
98:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
76:
72:
67:
63:
59:
56:
53:
49:
45:
40:
33:
27:
23:
19:
1854:
1742:
1709:
1708:Jenks M1841
1282:Machine guns
855:
703:
694:
672:
663:
654:
640:
631:
619:
607:
598:
589:
551:
542:
510:
489:deflagration
485:
481:
472:
452:
440:
429:
418:
393:
384:
381:
372:
365:
356:
345:
333:
325:
321:hammer price
317:Spotsylvania
295:
291:sniper rifle
283:muzzleloader
271:
269:
184: length
141:Manufacturer
74:Used by
26:
1373:Bowie knife
1300:Gardner gun
1243:War rockets
1199:RML 16-inch
1139:QF 4.7-inch
881:Lee–Enfield
876:Lee–Metford
831:Baker rifle
599:History.net
554:Parker-Hale
352:Crimean War
298:Confederate
280:single-shot
160: built
90:New Zealand
2286:Categories
2222:Minié ball
2172:cartridges
2168:Ammunition
1743:Brown Bess
1264:24-pounder
1258:12-pounder
1174:RML 9-inch
1164:RML 8-inch
1159:RML 7-inch
1154:RBL 7-inch
1063:RBL 7-inch
826:Brown Bess
784:Webley RIC
582:References
548:Modern use
522:four power
276:percussion
2212:Gunpowder
2187:.44 Henry
2182:.22 Short
1978:Artillery
1874:Coach gun
1305:Maxim gun
1252:6-pounder
994:, medium,
992:Howitzers
891:Artillery
534:black eye
152:1857–1865
136:1854–1857
86:Australia
1907:Sea mine
1710:Mule ear
1436:Sidearms
1262:Congreve
1256:Congreve
1250:Congreve
756:Sidearms
565:See also
501:obturate
478:Variants
149:Produced
133:Designed
123:Designer
2250:Portals
1987:Mortars
1712:carbine
1621:muskets
1368:Bayonet
1218:Mortars
814:Muskets
518:windage
411:⁄
330:History
303:in the
198:Calibre
2237:Ramrod
1745:musket
1617:Rifles
818:rifles
538:recoil
513:sights
493:grains
255:Sights
208:Action
182:Barrel
173:Length
163:13,400
82:Canada
2111:Naval
2010:Field
1267:Boxer
1031:Siege
506:alloy
309:Union
263:Scope
1619:and
996:and
816:and
511:The
270:The
100:Wars
51:Type
2113:and
2012:and
390:Use
158:No.
2288::
2170:,
597:.
540:.
508:.
293:.
261:,
110:,
106:,
2252::
1339:e
1332:t
1325:v
736:e
729:t
722:v
689:.
648:.
413:4
409:1
406:+
404:1
24:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
