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Wherrytown

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operations are said to have come to a halt in 1798, when an American ship broke its moorings and drifted on to the rocks and demolishing the shafthead. An account, published in 1809 of the mine closure blames a storm, and a book published in 1820 blames high tides, storms and the ″declining state of the lode″ as the reasons why the adventurers decided to abandon the mine in 1798. Neither book blames an American ship for the closure of the mine, although the 1809 account may refer to a storm on 2 January 1796 which is said to have driven a ship out of the harbour at Penzance, and stranded her on a nearby rock. £70,000 worth of tin ore was sold in total. During a discussion at the 1881 AGM of the
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Ponsandane and Wherrytown, evidence of a ′submerged forest′ can be seen at low tide in the form of several partially fossilised tree trunks. Divers and trawlers also find submerged tree trunks across Mount’s Bay and the forest may have covered a coastal plain 2 to 5 kilometres further south than today. The samples of peat and wood around Penzance have been
131:) have been found indicating some occupation contemporary with the forest. Marshes formed and were overlain by sand, gravel and by sand dunes which formed natural barriers to the sea. The Western Green (a sand dune system, now under Penzance promenade) was such a barrier. Storms sometimes destroyed the barriers depositing sand and gravel over peat beds in 351:, IAAF inspected the 10th Battery of the DCAV (Duke of Cornwall Artillery Volunteers) in the Drill Hall, Wherrytown. After the closure the site was still referred to as the serpentine works and was damaged by a storm on 7 October 1880 and again in February 1883, when the armoury was flooded. It was finally demolished in 1916. 218:. The destruction of the towans began with the laying of the foundations for the engine house, count house (offices) and smiths' shop. Operations ceased in 1840 and the engine sold at auction. The stone from the engine house, chimney stack and walls was used to build houses in what became the village of Wherrytown. 221:
A storm on 12 February 1883 changed the course of the Lariggan stream to the east of the reef and caused erosion to the sea wall, which was blamed on ″the continual removal of sand for agricultural purposes″. By 1905 much of the sand and gravel had been quarried for farming and building, lowering the
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have found submerged, erosional plains and valleys containing deposits of peat, sand and gravel. The deposits indicate cyclical changes from wetland, to coastal forest, to brackish conditions have been occurring over the past 12,000 years as sea levels rose. Either side of Penzance, on the beaches at
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sank a shaft on the rocks below the high tide mark. The shaft was protected by a stone breakwater and a wooden turret, to keep the sea out. On the death of Curtis in 1791 the mine was acquired by Thomas Gundry, along with unnamed partners, and a steam engine was built onshore to drain the mine. The
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and the high-water mark was seaward of the present promenade. The water around the mine was not as deep as it is now, the shore was covered in sand and gravel with the nearby Laregan rocks covered in sand and the Lariggan stream flowing to the west of the rocks. By the side of the road from Newlyn
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and a smith was levelled by the sea for more than 50 feet (15 m) and all three buildings and dwellings flooded. The road to Newlyn was swept away. In 1883 Bodilly's was the smaller of the three flour mills in or near Penzance with an average of 600 sacks per week and 800 when working at full
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in Cornwall was stationed at Penzance harbour in 1803, and in 1862 there was local controversy when, on several occasions, the boat did not launch. Proposals to move the lifeboat to Newlyn would have been unpopular with the residents of Penzance and as a compromise the lifeboat station moved to
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Before 1845, the harbour at Penzance was tidal, had only one pier and was open to easterly winds. Wherrytown was then outside the Borough of Penzance, and to avoid congestion and harbour dues, vessels grounded at the mouth of the Lariggan river to discharge their cargos into carts at low water.
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were all destinations for objects, as well as numerous private and public buildings. The increase in demand and subsequent increases in administration and marketing necessitated the opening of offices. A partnership was formed in 1851 with a group of London businessmen to form the
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Wherrytown (which was at that time in the Parish of Madron). A new timber lifeboat house was opened in 1867 at the bottom of Alexandra Road, near the Coastguard Station and the lifeboat was stationed there until 1885, when the lifeboat returned to Penzance.
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In or about 1871 Messrs Coulsons set up a timber yard and by 1883 was employing nine people. The mill contained a thirteen horse-power steam engine which ran a vertical saw-frame and a circular bench. The saw-frame could run up to 27 saws at a time.
171:", although the actual sites are not known. Joseph Hawkins, writing in 1818, states that the reef at Wherrytown had been worked for tin from around the beginning of the 18th century, although he did not give any description or further details. 135:, and in the foundations of buildings in Wherrytown. The submerged forest in the intertidal area between Wherrytown and Long Rock is of national importance and is a County Geology Site, designated by the Cornwall Geoconservation Group of 340:. At the height of the stone’s popularity there were at least eleven working quarries on the Lizard and Poltesco was soon to gain commercial superiority. As the company at Poltesco expanded, production at Wherrytown declined and the 1008:
Russell, Arthur (June 1949). "The Wherry Mine, Penzance, its history and its mineral productions" (PDF). The Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society (The Mineralogical Society) XXVIII: pp. 517–533.
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hand-carved by Arthur Harvey of Penzance was also exhibited. The exhibition brought serpentine to the attention of the British public and orders increased. Products included columns, fireplaces, obelisks, pedestals,
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in Cornwall, Mr T S Bolitho mentioned that prior to 1816 cobalt was produced at the Wherry mine. Production stopped in 1816 following the discovery of the ore in Germany, when the price fell from £3 3s to £3.
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A proposal to reopen in 1823 came to nothing and in 1836 a new company was formed building a new pier and installing a 40-inch engine onshore. At that time there were low, grass,
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of 1851 showcased products from all of the world and was visited by six million people. John Organ was one of the prize winners; for a pair of 13 ft (4.0 m) serpentine
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Bodilly & Co built a large flour mill near to the site of the Wheal Wherry Mine engine house in 1874. On 7 October 1880 the seawall protecting the drill hall,
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and indicate that the forest was growing from at least 6,000 to around 4,000 years ago when rising sea levels finally killed the trees. Artefacts dating from the
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The area bore the brunt of the Ash Wednesday storm on 7 March 1962, with most of the buildings destroyed along with nearly one mile of the seafront from the
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The derelict site of the Wherry mine was bought by three Penzance businessmen; John Bromley, Richard Millet and John Organ, and a large building erected.
1030: 177: 185:". In 1762 one-tenth of the Wherry bounds (the boundaries of a tin mine) formed part of the security for a mortgage to Rachel Hawkins of Penquite, 183:.... the veins of lead, tinn, and copper ore, are said to be seen, even to the utmost extent of land at low water mark, and in the very sea .... 297: 1606: 1516: 527: 289: 354:
In 1883 Messrs Freeman and Sons employed nineteen men at the Wherrytown yard, who cut stones from their three granite quarries at
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heavily damaged. The only Wherrytown building to survive was the Mount's Bay Inn. At low spring tides, and after storms partially
241:, across Mount's Bay to Penzance, and the finished goods were shipped out of Penzance harbour. A tour of the works, in 1846, by 623: 481: 950: 919:
Ouit (13 September 1883). "The Industries of Penzance and its Neighbourhood. No XV. Our Steam Saw-mills and Timber-yards".
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The last attempt at opening the mine was in 1967, when a temporary quay was built to the end of the nearby Laregan rocks.
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The Beauties of England and Wales; or, original delineations, topographical, historical, and descriptive, of each county
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Ouit (9 August 1883). "The Industries of Penzance and its Neighbourhood. No XII. Quarries, Stone-mills, etc".
18: 325: 1526: 408:. The mill was disused by 1906 and in 1920 demolished. The site was taken over and used as a bus depot by 1596: 1591: 1546: 1499: 457: 1504: 1447: 1509: 1020: 715: 1003: 1521: 934:
Ouit (26 April 1883). "The Industries Of Penzance And Its Neighbourhood. No VI. Our Flour Mills".
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and was incorporated into the Borough of Penzance in 1934 when local government was reorganised.
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Bart, Arthur (June 1949). "The Wherry mine, Penzance, its history and its mineral productions".
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capacity. The other mills were Branwell's next to the railway station and Bazeley's at
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The settlement is named after the Wherry mine and is probably the name of a person.
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in London in 1862 items were again shown, but there was now competition from the
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White, J (30 March 1905). "The Wherry Mine. A Memory of Old Penzance".
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The Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society
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supermarket. The supermarket moved to a nearby site in 2017.
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Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Maritime Archaeological Society
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A Native (22 November 1883). "Reminiscences Of Penzance".
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Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 203 Land's End
439: 864:"Destructive Gale In Mount's Bay And Elsewhere". 820: 261:. By 1848 the company employed thirty-seven men. 1583: 948: 771:"Another Very Destructive Tide In Mount's Bay". 574:The History of the Town and Borough of Penzance. 821:Sagar-Fenton, Michael; Smith, Stuart B (2005). 612:Foolish. A History of the Wherry Mine, Penzance 504:The History of the Town and Borough of Penzance 279:which was later exhibited in New York. A large 245:and the royal family, resulted in an order for 52:Penzance Promenade seen from Wherrytown in 2005 786:"Penzance Town Council. The Removal of Sand". 698: 528:"Ancient Cornish forests exposed after storms" 178:A tour thro' the whole island of Great Britain 110:Rooted oak stump visible low tide, Spring 2015 1046: 175:, staying in Penzance in circa 1722 wrote in 790:. No. 241. 22 February 1883. p. 5. 775:. No. 240. 15 February 1883. p. 6. 742:. No. 175. 17 November 1881. p. 4. 868:. 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(1974) 392: 298:Marquis of Westminster 111: 53: 879:Bird, Sheila (1987). 390: 347:In 1878 Col Heberden 201:on the production of 109: 96:South West Coast Path 51: 1021:British Mining No 19 586:Pool, P A S (1985). 502:Pool, P A S (1974). 265:The Great Exhibition 114:Offshore surveys of 1563:Outline of Cornwall 1118:(cities in italics) 1095:Unitary authorities 678:1949MinM...28..517R 98:follows the shore. 30: /  1597:Mining in Cornwall 1592:Beaches of Penwith 1557:Places of interest 1255:St Just in Penwith 714:Thomas, J (1820). 653:Trevithick Society 616:Trevithick Society 534:. 20 February 2014 393: 290:Duke of Devonshire 273:Cleopatra's Needle 112: 54: 1579: 1578: 1116:Major settlements 1070:Ceremonial county 625:978-0-904040-95-1 482:978-0-319-23148-7 310:Westminster Abbey 281:Bacchanalian vase 237:was brought from 127:(10,000 to 5,000 121:radiocarbon dated 1614: 1102:Cornwall Council 1078: 1072: 1067: 1066: 1055: 1048: 1041: 1032: 1031: 991: 990: 972: 966: 965: 963: 961: 946: 940: 939: 931: 925: 924: 916: 910: 909: 901: 895: 894: 876: 870: 869: 861: 852: 851: 843: 837: 836: 818: 807: 806: 798: 792: 791: 783: 777: 776: 768: 759: 758: 750: 744: 743: 735: 729: 728: 726: 724: 711: 705: 704: 696: 690: 689: 672:(205): 517–536. 661: 655: 647:Laws, P. 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The 538:4 June 510:  480:  406:Gulval 296:, the 292:, the 214:was a 211:towans 203:cobalt 194:Breage 187:Golant 77:Madron 65:Newlyn 1437:Truro 1432:Tiddy 1427:Tamar 1352:Hayle 1347:Gover 1337:Fowey 1322:Cober 1312:Camel 1307:Allen 1276:Truro 1160:Hayle 1155:Fowey 338:Truro 1480:Flag 1377:Looe 1362:Inny 1185:Looe 1130:Bude 981:ISBN 962:2021 885:ISBN 827:ISBN 725:2014 620:ISBN 610:Very 540:2014 508:ISBN 478:ISBN 414:Lidl 362:and 308:and 277:font 253:for 249:and 67:and 1412:Red 1397:Par 1332:Fal 1073:of 1011:doi 682:doi 608:So 428:'s 181:– " 129:BCE 86:to 75:of 1588:: 953:. 856:^ 811:^ 763:^ 680:. 668:. 634:^ 596:^ 548:^ 530:. 488:^ 432:. 358:, 349:RA 304:. 189:. 139:. 1471:) 1467:( 1054:e 1047:t 1040:v 1013:: 989:. 964:. 893:. 835:. 727:. 688:. 684:: 676:: 628:. 542:. 516:.

Index

50°06′40″N 5°32′28″W / 50.111°N 5.541°W / 50.111; -5.541

Cornwall
Newlyn
Penzance
civil parish
Madron
Battery Rocks
Tolcarne
fossilised
South West Coast Path

Mount's Bay
radiocarbon dated
Mesolithic
BCE
Marazion Marsh
Cornwall Wildlife Trust
Angarrack smelting house
Daniel Defoe
A tour thro' the whole island of Great Britain
Golant
Breage
Royal Geological Society of Cornwall
cobalt
towans
ropewalk
Serpentine
the Lizard
Prince Albert

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