818:
1478:
1462:
909:), the administration of the activities normally undertaken by the parish becomes the responsibility of the district or borough council. The district council may make an additional council tax charge, known as a Special Expense, to residents of the unparished area to fund those activities. If the district council does not opt to make a Special Expenses charge, there is an element of double taxation of residents of parished areas, because services provided to residents of the unparished area are funded by council tax paid by residents of the whole district, rather than only by residents of the unparished area.
1446:
1498:
1090:
3253:
647:. The distinction between types of parish was no longer made; whether parishes continued by virtue of being retained rural parishes or were created as successor parishes, they were all simply termed parishes. The 1972 act allowed the new district councils (outside London) to review their parishes, and many areas left unparished in 1972 have since been made parishes, either in whole or part. For example,
38:
2119:
611:. The unions took in areas in multiple parishes and had a set number of guardians for each parish, hence a final purpose of urban civil parishes. With the abolition of the Poor Law system in 1930, urban parishes became a geographical division only with no administrative power; that was exercised at the urban district or borough council level.
885:" which allows them within certain limits the freedom to do anything an individual can do provided it is not prohibited by other legislation, as opposed to being limited to the powers explicitly granted to them by law. To be eligible for this, a parish council must meet certain conditions such as having a clerk with suitable qualifications.
643:, with a boundary coterminous with an existing urban district or borough or, if divided by a new district boundary, as much as was comprised in a single district. There were 300 such successor parishes established. In urban areas that were considered too large to be single parishes, the parishes were simply abolished, and they became
930:
returns councillors to the parish council (the numbers depending on their population). Only if there are more candidates standing for election than there are seats on the council will an election be held. However, sometimes there are fewer candidates than seats. When this happens, the vacant seats have to be filled by
929:
The number of councillors varies roughly in proportion to the population of the parish. Most rural parish councillors are elected to represent the entire parish, though in parishes with larger populations or those that cover larger areas, the parish can be divided into wards. Each of these wards then
384:
The consistency of these boundaries until the 19th century is useful to historians, and is also of cultural significance in terms of shaping local identities; reinforced by the use of grouped parish boundaries, often, by successive local authority areas; and in a very rough, operations-geared way by
1343:
lands) may have acquired non-contiguous parcels of land i.e. beyond the original parish/county bounds or what would become the boundaries of a new parish. Those extraterritorial land parcels influenced the formation of parish boundaries where the parcels were significant to the parish. Thus secular
711:
Since the beginning of the 21st century, numerous parish councils have been created, including some relatively large urban ones. The main driver has been the desire to have a more local tier of government when new larger authorities have been created, which are felt to be remote from local concerns
1572:
Parishes are subdivisions of local authorities in many parts of
England, and their councils are the most local level of government. Unlike electoral wards and electoral divisions, parishes are not found in all parts of England. The Welsh and Scottish equivalents are communities. Note that the full
291:
by resolution of its parish council, a right not conferred on other units of
English local government. The governing body of a civil parish is usually an elected parish council (which can decide to call itself a town, village, community or neighbourhood council, or a city council if the parish has
588:
in all rural parishes. Civil parishes were grouped to form either rural or urban districts which are thereafter classified as either type. The parish meetings for parishes with a population of between 100 and 300 could request their county council to establish a parish council. Provision was also
813:
Parish or town councils have very few statutory duties (things they are required to do by law) but have a range of discretionary powers which they may exercise voluntarily. These powers have been defined by various pieces of legislation. The role they play can vary significantly depending on the
946:
with local monitoring by district, unitary or equivalent authorities. Under new regulations which came into effect in 2012 all parish councils in
England are required to adopt a code of conduct with which parish councillors must comply, and to promote and maintain high standards. A new criminal
925:
to serve for four years. Decisions of the council are carried out by a paid officer, typically known as a parish clerk. Councils may employ additional people (including bodies corporate, provided where necessary, by tender) to carry out specific tasks dictated by the council. Some councils have
217:, which for centuries were the principal unit of secular and religious administration in most of England and Wales. Civil and religious parishes were formally split into two types in the 19th century and are now entirely separate. Civil parishes in their modern form came into being through the
1283:
Direct predecessors of civil parishes are most often known as "ancient parishes", although many date only from the mid 19th century. Using a longer historical lens the better terms are "pre-separation (civil and ecclesiastical) parish", "original medieval parishes" and "new parishes". The
589:
made for a grouped parish council to be established covering two or more rural parishes. In such groups, each parish retained its own parish meeting which could vote to leave the group, but otherwise the grouped parish council acted across the combined area of the parishes included.
255:
As of
September 2023, there are 10,464 parishes in England, and in 2020 they covered approximately 40% of the English population. For historical reasons, civil parishes predominantly cover rural areas and smaller urban areas, with most larger urban areas being wholly or partly
1356:
the lord's (or overlord's) interests, or from a large burial ground in an urban setting. It could also arise from a chance inheritance. It caused inconvenience to the residents of most exclaves/enclaves (where not numerous or economically significant enough to have their own
436:
took over responsibility from the entire body of ratepayers. This innovation improved efficiency, but allowed governance by a self-perpetuating elite. The administration of the parish system relied on the monopoly of the established
English Church, which for a few years after
2393:
It was sold in 1967 to the
Utopian Housing Society who built 7 blocks, housing 300 flats and maisonettes, completed in 1973 having communal woodland gardens. Many of the site's mature trees, including a plane about 250 years old and a red oak, were retained; see
453:. The legitimacy of the parish vestry came into question, and the perceived inefficiency and corruption inherent in the system became a source for concern in some places. For this reason, during the early 19th century the parish progressively lost its powers to
1051:
When a city or town has been abolished as a borough, and it is considered desirable to maintain continuity of the charter, the charter may be transferred to a parish council for its area. Where there is no such parish council, the district council may appoint
431:
The parish authorities were known as vestries and consisted of all the ratepayers of the parish. As the number of ratepayers of some parishes grew, it became increasingly difficult to convene meetings as an open vestry. In some, mostly built-up, areas the
1324:, sheriffs, bailiffs with inconvenience to the inhabitants. If a parish was split then churchwardens, highway wardens and constables would also spend more time or money travelling large distances. Some parishes straddled two or more counties, such as
597:
Urban civil parishes were not given their own parish councils, but were directly administered by the council of the urban district or borough in which they were contained. Many urban parishes were coterminous (geographically identical) with the
404:, parishes managed ecclesiastical matters, while the manor was the principal unit of local administration and justice. Later, the church replaced the manor court as the rural administrative centre, and levied a local tax on produce known as a
502:. To have collected rates this means these beforehand had their own vestries, boards or equivalent bodies. Parishes using this definition subsequently became known as "civil parishes" to distinguish them from the ecclesiastical parishes.
947:
offence of failing to comply with statutory requirements was introduced. More than one 'model code' has been published, and councils are free to modify an existing code or adopt a new code. In either case the code must comply with the
703:
is at present the only part of
England where civil parishes cannot be created. If enough electors in the area of a proposed new parish (ranging from 50% in an area with less than 500 electors to 10% in one with more than 2,500) sign a
934:
by the council. If a vacancy arises for a seat mid-term, an election is only held if a certain number (usually ten) of parish residents request an election. Otherwise the council will co-opt someone to be the replacement councillor.
1477:
509:. The limits of many of these have diverged; most greatly through changes in population and church attendance (these factors can cause churches to be opened or closed). Since 1921, each has been the responsibility of its own
354:, but not all were willing and able to provide, so residents would be expected to attend the church of the nearest manor with a church. Later, the churches and priests became to a greater extent the responsibility of the
800:
A parish council may decide to call itself a town council, village council, community council, neighbourhood council, or if the parish has city status, the parish council may call itself a city council. According to the
469:
covered
England in 1875 and Ireland three years later. The replacement boards were each entitled to levy their own rate in the parish; the church rate ceased to be levied in many parishes and became voluntary from 1868.
1271:
Nearly all instances of detached parts of civil parishes (areas not contiguous with the main part of the parish) and of those straddling counties have been ended. 14 examples remain in
England as at 2022, including
1027:
As a result, a parish council can be called a town council, a community council, a village council or occasionally a city council (though most cities are not parishes but principal areas, or in
England specifically
805:, in England in 2011 there were 9,946 parishes. Since 1997 around 100 new civil parishes have been created, in some cases by splitting existing civil parishes, but mostly by creating new ones from unparished areas.
1376:
coincided with growing agricultural innovation, fragmentation of land ownership and housing growth. The church and vestries were reluctant to bring boundaries up to date. This meant such anomalies were irrelevant
638:
retained rural parishes, but abolished most urban parishes, as well as the urban districts and boroughs which had administered them. Provision was made for smaller urban districts and boroughs to become
606:
in which they lay. Towns which included multiple urban parishes often consolidated the urban parishes into one. The urban parishes continued to be used as an electoral area for electing guardians to the
1290:, a landmark collaborative work mostly written in the 20th century (although incomplete), summarises the history of each English "parish", roughly meaning late medieval parish. A minority of these had
1056:
to whom the charter and the arms of the former borough will belong. The charter trustees (who consist of the councillor or councillors for the area of the former borough) maintain traditions such as
2941:
1166:
A civil parish can range in area from a small village or town ward to a large tract of mostly uninhabited moorland in the Cheviots, Pennines or Dartmoor. The two largest as at December 2023 are
789:
which exercises various local responsibilities prescribed by statute. Parishes with fewer than 200 electors are usually deemed too small to have a parish council, and instead will only have a
905:
may levy a council tax precept for expenditure relating to specific functions, powers and rights which have been conferred on it by legislation. In places where there is no civil parish (
1439:). This means it has essentially kept, often divided in urban areas, the original parishes. The Church's main website has an accessible map, showing parish boundaries church-by-church.
2206:
859:
to local community groups or local projects, or fund things such as public events, crime prevention measures, community transport schemes, traffic calming or tourism promotion.
1316:. In other cases, counties surrounded a whole parish meaning it was in an unconnected, "alien" county. These anomalies resulted in a highly localised difference in applicable
2347:
1873:
2251:
479:
759:
Parishes can also be abolished where there is evidence that this is in response to "justified, clear and sustained local support" from the area's inhabitants. Examples are
2934:
2276:
785:
Every civil parish has a parish meeting, which all the electors of the parish are entitled to attend. Generally a meeting is held once a year. A civil parish may have a
1445:
2584:
1394:
1010:
732:
has been a spur to the creation of new parishes in some larger towns which were previously unparished, in order to retain a local tier of government; examples include
696:
565:
2047:
2225:
2132:
1068:. The area of the city of Hereford remained unparished until 2000 when a parish council was created for the city. As another example, the charter trustees for the
651:, whilst entirely unparished in 1974, now has four civil parishes, which together cover part of its area, whilst the central part of the town remains unparished.
2927:
2662:
844:, bus shelters, street lighting, roadside verges, car parks, footpaths, litter bins and war memorials. Larger parish councils may also be involved in running
3035:
691:
created a procedure which gave residents in unparished areas the right to demand that a new parish and parish council be created. This right was extended to
1966:
576:, with parishes that fell within urban districts classed as urban parishes, and parishes that fell within rural districts were classed as rural parishes.
3394:
2479:
241:
147:
296:
which all electors may attend; alternatively, parishes with small populations may be grouped with one or more neighbours under a common parish council.
926:
chosen to pay their elected members an allowance, as permitted under part 5 of the Local Authorities (Members' Allowances) (England) Regulations 2003.
369:
which, if generating or endowed with enough funds, would generally justify foundation of a parish, with its own parish priest (and in latter centuries
3241:
2966:
2302:
339:
The parish system in Europe was established between the 8th and 12th centuries, and an early form was long established in England by the time of the
2398:
1413:
1124:
and few in the other conurbations. Civil parishes vary greatly in population: some have populations below 100 and have no settlement larger than a
1660:
1344:
land in an exclave, almost always manor, may have been the site of a prosperous farmstead, or remained part of the manor for generations, or the
802:
556:
c. 73) to become the smallest geographical area for local government in rural areas. The act abolished the civil (non-ecclesiastical) duties of
2950:
2569:
1850:
Youngs, Frederic A, Jr. (1979). Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England, Vol.I: Southern England. London: Royal Historical Society.
1573:
term for administrative parishes is "civil parish", to distinguish them from the ecclesiastical parishes that are found in all parts of the UK.
3219:
1925:
1889:
1039:
The chairman of a town council will have the title "town mayor" and that of a parish council which is a city will usually have the title of
2812:
1253:
In the 2011 census, Newland with Woodhouse Moor and Beaumont Chase reported inhabitants, and there were no new deserted parishes recorded.
882:
712:
and identity. A number of parishes have been created in places which used to have their own borough or district council; examples include
3146:
2707:
2742:
1497:
1186:(County Durham) at 0.0165 square miles (0.043 km; 4.3 ha; 10.6 acres). The next two smallest are parishes in built up areas:
347:, which, in some cases, derived their bounds from Roman or Iron Age estates; some large manors were sub-divided into several parishes.
1369:, rates, baptisms, marriages, funerals, or to obtain regular poor relief and most forms of education, charitable alms and hospitalry.
1143:
discouraged their creation for large towns or their suburbs, but there is generally nothing to stop their establishment. For example,
1002:
The council of an ungrouped parish may pass a resolution giving the parish the status of a town, at which point the council becomes a
2757:
2752:
2677:
2617:
2377:
1830:
A collection of the public general statutes passed in the twenty-ninth and thirtieth years of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria
1461:
867:
408:. In the medieval period, responsibilities such as relief of the poor passed increasingly from the lord of the manor to the parish's
584:
The 1894 act established elected civil parish councils as to all rural parishes with more than 300 electors, and established annual
3093:
2832:
2747:
2722:
2682:
2339:
1867:
1175:
901:
paid by the residents of the parish (or parishes) served by the parish council. In a civil parish which has no parish council, the
797:. Alternatively several small parishes can be grouped together and share a common parish council, or even a common parish meeting.
3122:
3044:
2787:
2702:
2697:
2657:
2472:
1825:
1624:
2144:"The council of a parish which is not grouped with any other parish may resolve that the parish shall have the status of a town"
894:
358:
thus this was formalised; the grouping of manors into one parish was recorded, as was a manor-parish existing in its own right.
3028:
3009:
2986:
2958:
2865:
2807:
2727:
2508:
2146:
871:
478:
The ancient parishes diverged into two distinct, nearly exactly overlapping, systems of parishes during the 19th century. The
449:
in 1558. By the 18th century, religious membership was becoming more fractured in some places, due in part to the progress of
3234:
2817:
2762:
2667:
2237:
1732:
1668:
505:
The Church of England parishes, which cover more than 99% of England, have become officially (and to avoid ambiguity) termed
213:. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government. Civil parishes can trace their origin to the
2203:
1555:
3276:
3174:
3085:
2772:
2687:
2642:
2574:
2060:
688:
319:
311:
292:
city status). Alternatively, in parishes with small populations (typically fewer than 150 electors) governance may be by a
1132:, with a population of 71,758, is the most populous civil parish. In many cases small settlements, today popularly termed
623:
was created, as the legislative framework for Greater London did not make provision for any local government body below a
2827:
2692:
2154:
2222:
236:
A civil parish can range in size from a sparsely populated rural area with fewer than a hundred inhabitants, to a large
3389:
3151:
2907:
2777:
2465:
1586:
1390:
1266:
599:
569:
817:
3064:
2897:
2887:
2792:
2782:
2767:
2737:
2599:
2188:
2106:
1855:
1514:
960:
855:
Parish councils may spend money on various things they deem to be beneficial to their communities, such as providing
276:
106:
2447:
3227:
2822:
2797:
2652:
2622:
206:
54:
2802:
2672:
2647:
2513:
1970:
1194:(Leicestershire) at 0.07 square miles (0.18 km; 18 ha; 45 acres) (1,021 residents at the 2021 census).
948:
361:
Boundaries changed little, and for centuries after 1180 'froze', despite changes to manors' extents. However, by
3351:
3294:
3249:
3040:
3023:
2982:
2712:
2607:
1381:
with a real economic cost in distance of administration and confusion. They began to be remedied nationally in
729:
413:
280:
3136:
3104:
967:. As of 2020, eight parishes in England have city status, each having a long-established Anglican cathedral:
20:
1361:
as to religious matters and a vestry as to civil matters). They had to attend a distant church and/or the
3197:
3114:
3099:
3070:
2732:
2717:
1468:
1353:
1073:
1057:
412:, who in practice would delegate tasks among his vestry or the (often well-endowed) monasteries. After the
1651:
3183:
3001:
2612:
2120:"Local Government Act 2000 The Local Authorities (Members' Allowances) (England) Regulations 2003 Reg 30"
1784:
1386:
1211:
943:
708:
demanding its creation, then the local district council or unitary authority must consider the proposal.
462:
210:
2395:
1352:) or co-founded the church as its patron. The scenario may also have arisen originally as an attempt to
1190:(Cheshire) at 0.0168 square miles (0.044 km; 4.4 ha; 10.8 acres) (no recorded population) and
564:
had to be split so that the part in each urban or rural sanitary district became a separate parish (see
3203:
2903:
2858:
2632:
2627:
2518:
786:
680:
525:
389:, Essex traditionally measures 13,568 acres (21 sq mi) – two parishes neighbouring are
340:
307:
226:
214:
190:
185:
180:
175:
170:
165:
490:
to be parishes. This included the Church of England parishes (until then simply known as "parishes"),
322:, which have fewer powers than their English and Welsh counterparts. There are no equivalent units in
3341:
3208:
3166:
3141:
3060:
3054:
2893:
2637:
2579:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2361:
2210:
1811:
1140:
1033:
863:
635:
549:
218:
3188:
3127:
2026:
1484:
1417:
1160:
822:
814:
size, resources and ability of the council, but their activities can include any of the following:
776:
510:
1932:
1435:
has only abolished these where locally incepted (under the Anglican and the Catholic principle of
1174:(Devon) at 79.07 square miles (204.8 km). The two smallest are parcels of shared rural land:
260:; but since 1997 it has been possible for civil parishes to be created within unparished areas if
3304:
3257:
3014:
2919:
2434:
An Outline of Local Government and Local Taxation in England and Wales (Excluding the Metropolis)
1286:
1203:
1187:
1167:
425:
409:
350:
Initially, churches and their priests were the gift and continued patronage (benefaction) of the
269:
1183:
1163:
has 24. Parishes could not however be established in London until the law was changed in 2007.
760:
446:
828:
Parish councils have powers to provide and manage various local facilities; these can include
660:
315:
3179:
2851:
1321:
1262:
829:
438:
19:
This article is about civil parishes in England. For civil parishes in other countries, see
3336:
3319:
3075:
3050:
2972:
2503:
1720:
1243:
1178:(Devon) at 0.012 square miles (0.031 km; 3.1 ha; 7.7 acres), and Lands Common to
1029:
628:
520:) irregularities inherited by the civil parish system were cleaned up, and the majority of
491:
487:
421:
74:
381:
in issues between local churches and so made boundary changes and sub-division difficult.
8:
3299:
3286:
1815:
provide, for most parishes but not all, evidence of local private charities with details.
1317:
1313:
1305:
1291:
1235:
972:
401:
1684:
1103:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
3271:
3156:
3018:
668:
495:
458:
245:
2086:"The Parish Councils (General Power of Competence) (Prescribed Conditions) Order 2012"
3193:
2589:
2381:
2233:
2184:
1851:
1728:
1664:
1488:
1432:
1416:
eliminated instances of civil parishes being split between counties, so that by 1901
1345:
1231:
1129:
1040:
939:
878:
749:
631:, municipal boroughs and urban districts, no extant parish councils were abolished.)
603:
561:
529:
466:
442:
351:
303:
249:
244:. This scope is similar to that of municipalities in continental Europe, such as the
43:
2085:
2977:
2528:
2365:
1428:
was the last example; it was split into two parishes, one in each county, in 1905.
1227:
1152:
964:
906:
841:
794:
745:
725:
640:
553:
486:
on 10 August 1866, declared all areas that levied a separate rate or had their own
323:
248:. However, unlike their continental European counterparts, parish councils are not
222:
1537:
3364:
3346:
2533:
2402:
2229:
2133:
Local government: the standards regime in England - Commons Library Standard Note
1926:"The Portsmouth City Council (Reorganisation of Community Governance) Order 2010"
1877:
1421:
1406:
1340:
1171:
1136:, localities or suburbs, are in a single parish which originally had one church.
1053:
996:
684:
644:
517:
424:. Both before and after this optional social change, local (vestry-administered)
394:
390:
355:
257:
3359:
3309:
2523:
2414:
1452:
1402:
1373:
1362:
1358:
1215:
1125:
1121:
902:
849:
790:
780:
700:
692:
624:
620:
608:
585:
573:
362:
293:
265:
1762:
Churches in the Landscape, Richard Morris, JM Dent & Sons, 1989, Chapter 6
1139:
Large urban areas are mostly unparished, as the government at the time of the
3383:
2990:
1397:
were transferred in the 1890s and in 1931, with one exception: an exclave of
1378:
1332:
1219:
1065:
856:
833:
753:
721:
433:
284:
2457:
1312:
In some cases an exclave of a parish (a "detached part") was in a different
516:
In the late 19th century, most of the "ancient" (a legal term equivalent to
302:
was also divided into civil parishes until 1974, when they were replaced by
283:). A civil parish may be equally known as and confirmed as a town, village,
1890:"Sections 58-77 of the Act, which received Royal Assent on 30 October 2007"
1436:
1277:
1247:
1191:
1148:
1069:
1003:
837:
483:
385:
most postcode districts. There was (and is) wide disparity in parish size.
1999:
1242:(subsequently merged). The lands of the last three were taken over by the
1202:
The 2001 census recorded several parishes with no inhabitants. These were
756:
urban area became entirely parished, with ten new parishes being created.
420:
to fund relief of the poor was conferred on the parish authorities by the
2303:"Detached parishes and wards in England - Office for National Statistics"
2252:"Parishes and Non Civil Parished Areas (December 2023) Boundaries EW BFE"
1871:, National Association of Local Councils website, accessed 14 August 2010
1425:
1336:
1273:
898:
845:
417:
344:
151:
1393:
moved most parishes which were partly or wholly in an alien county. The
3131:
2232:(April 2008), London: Department for Communities and Local Government.
1179:
1144:
1013:, a civil parish may be given one of the following alternative styles:
968:
918:
733:
717:
378:
2329:
Civil Parish Council and Community website. Retrieved 27 November 2014
1725:
Local Council Administration in English Parishes and Welsh Communities
252:, and in most cases have a relatively minor role in local government.
16:
Territorial designation and lowest tier of local government in England
2396:
http://londongardensonline.org.uk/gardens-online-record.php?ID=WST100
1325:
988:
980:
931:
737:
450:
374:
288:
2048:
Full list of powers of parish councils (archived since 15 July 2007)
1398:
1349:
1061:
976:
922:
764:
713:
705:
648:
499:
366:
2949:
2378:
Ecclesiastical parish still with detached part (example): Hascombe
1128:, while others cover towns with populations of tens of thousands.
3252:
2843:
2277:"Unpopulated civil parishes and communities from the 2011 Census"
1382:
1239:
1223:
1207:
1133:
664:
659:
Some parishes were sub-divided into smaller territories known as
521:
386:
306:, which are similar to English parishes in the way they operate.
64:
2177:
Local government in England and Wales: A Guide to the New System
1156:
728:(2016). The trend towards the creation of geographically large
557:
370:
230:
2326:
1120:
Civil parishes cover 35% of England's population, with one in
619:
In 1965 civil parishes in London were formally abolished when
37:
1366:
992:
984:
741:
405:
299:
264:. In 2007 the right to create civil parishes was extended to
1826:"Poor Law Amendment Act 1866 (29 & 30 Victoria, c. 113)"
314:; the Scottish equivalent of English civil parishes are the
2180:
1625:"Unitary authorities: The role of parish and town councils"
866:
system; they have a statutory right to be consulted on any
237:
2585:
Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007
1956:
Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007
1064:, whose city council was merged in 1998 to form a unitary
1011:
Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007
748:(2019). In 2003 seven new parish councils were set up for
697:
Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007
1503:
Map of the other main enclaves and exclaves in Middlesex.
1170:(County Durham) at 98.6 square miles (255 km), and
343:. These areas were originally based on the territory of
2360:
Local Government Board Order No. 56410, made under the
1006:. Around 400 parish councils are called town councils.
1774:
History of the Countryside by Oliver Rackham, 1986 p19
1348:
may have held the right to appoint the parish priest (
566:
List of county exclaves in England and Wales 1844–1974
832:, cemeteries, parks, playgrounds, playing fields and
568:). The sanitary districts were then reconstituted as
532:
were not geographically identical when comparing the
441:
alternated between the Roman Catholic Church and the
627:. (Since the new county was beforehand a mixture of
445:, before settling on the latter on the accession of
310:
were abolished for local government purposes by the
2250:Statistics, Office for National (4 January 2024).
2050:nalc.gov.uk - Downloadable Microsoft Word Document
1967:"Parishes and Charter Trustees in England 2011-12"
1548:
881:allowed eligible parish councils to be granted a "
1331:Such anomalies mostly arose in the height of the
1256:
473:
461:given responsibility for poor relief through the
3381:
1623:Baker, Carl; Sandford, Mark (16 December 2020).
1562:. Office for National Statistics. 24 August 2023
1414:Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882
848:, public toilets and public clocks, museums and
560:. Parishes which straddled county boundaries or
2204:NALC - National Association of Local Councils
1661:Department for Communities and Local Government
1584:
1385:by Parliament in the early 19th century in the
1335:, when parishes evolved. Major land interests (
942:introduced new arrangements which replaced the
803:Department for Communities and Local Government
2951:Administrative geography of the United Kingdom
2431:
1912:Birtley Town Council – Annual Return 2005/2006
1832:. London: Google Books. 1866. pp. 574–577
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1389:of 1834, and was more widely in 1844 when the
893:Parish councils receive funding by levying a "
3235:
2935:
2859:
2487:
2473:
2147:"Local Government Act 1972 (c.70), Part XIII"
1622:
548:In 1894, civil parishes were reformed by the
1719:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1301:surrounded by more than one other parish, or
912:
457:boards and other organisations, such as the
2021:
2019:
2017:
1607:
1072:make up the majority of the councillors on
3395:Types of subdivision in the United Kingdom
3242:
3228:
3036:Metropolitan and Non-metropolitan counties
2942:
2928:
2866:
2852:
2480:
2466:
2249:
1747:
1556:"A Beginners Guide to UK Geography (2023)"
36:
1704:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1532:
1530:
2223:Guidance on Community Governance Reviews
2014:
1653:Guidance on Community Governance Reviews
1176:Lands Common to Axminster and Kilmington
870:in their areas. They may also produce a
816:
528:noted that 8,322 (58%) of "parishes" in
393:at 469 acres (0.7 sq mi), and
365:, making a new smaller manor, there was
229:to take on the secular functions of the
2002:. Cumbria Association of Local Councils
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1587:"Is UK local government really so big?"
1585:Barnett, Neil; Sweeting, David (2013).
1455:, all in Hillingdon, then in Middlesex.
808:
3382:
2959:Local government in the United Kingdom
2509:National Association of Local Councils
1914:, Gateshead Council, 29 September 2006
1639:
1527:
1487:in Paddington. It remains only in the
3223:
2923:
2847:
2461:
2432:Wright, R S; Hobhouse, Henry (1884).
2000:"Powers and Duties of Local Councils"
1770:
1768:
1318:representatives on the national level
3277:ITL 1 statistical regions of England
3086:Local government in Northern Ireland
2575:Local Government and Rating Act 1997
1985:
1197:
1083:
954:
821:Parish council community centre, in
689:Local Government and Rating Act 1997
614:
373:). This consistency was a result of
320:Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973
312:Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929
2350:from the original on 23 April 2023.
2155:Office of Public Sector Information
1785:"Status details for Ancient Parish"
1750:The Local Historian's Encyclopaedia
1685:"Queen's Park parish gets go-ahead"
1483:Burial exclave of the 1724-created
1451:Eight exclaves of highly anomalous
1046:
917:Parish councils comprise volunteer
862:Parish councils have a role in the
763:, which was abolished in 2006, and
397:at 476 acres (0.7 sq mi)
334:
13:
2873:
2425:
1892:. Parliament of the United Kingdom
1765:
1752:. Historical Publications Limited.
1391:Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844
1267:Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844
679:Nowadays the creation of town and
225:c. 73), which established elected
42:Map of English civil parishes and
14:
3406:
2441:
2107:Local Government Finance Act 1992
2061:"The General Power of Competence"
2027:"Parish council responsibilities"
1515:List of civil parishes in England
1298:an enclave within another parish,
592:
579:
3251:
1869:What is a parish or town council
1496:
1476:
1460:
1444:
1088:
1060:. An example of such a city was
874:to influence local development.
654:
2514:Society of Local Council Clerks
2448:In praise of ... civil parishes
2407:
2387:
2371:
2354:
2332:
2320:
2295:
2269:
2243:
2216:
2197:
2169:
2138:
2126:
2112:
2100:
2078:
2053:
2041:
1959:
1950:
1918:
1904:
1882:
1861:
1844:
1818:
1803:
1777:
1756:
949:Nolan Principles of Public Life
543:
2436:. London: W Maxwell & Son.
2340:"1901 Census: General - Areas"
2281:Office for National Statistics
2066:. Local government Association
2029:. LocalGov.uk. 5 November 2013
1741:
1695:
1677:
1578:
1542:Office for National Statistics
1491:. Used for burials 1763–1852.
1395:remaining exclaves of counties
1257:General abolition of anomalies
474:Civil and ecclesiastical split
414:dissolution of the monasteries
1:
2240:. Retrieved 26 December 2009.
1701:Encyclopaedia Britannica 1993
1520:
1328:in Lancashire and Yorkshire.
770:
21:Civil parish (disambiguation)
3115:Local government in Scotland
2415:"St George's Hanover Square"
2384:. Retrieved 27 November 2014
2346:. University of Portsmouth.
1079:
1074:Bath and North East Somerset
261:
7:
3002:Local government in England
1508:
1405:, was removed in 1965 from
1308:, partly surrounded by sea.
1280:, both in Nottinghamshire.
1212:Newland with Woodhouse Moor
883:general power of competence
480:Poor Law Amendment Act 1866
463:Poor Law Amendment Act 1834
272:, has so far been created.
262:demanded by local residents
10:
3411:
3209:Corporate Joint Committees
2213:Retrieved 26 December 2009
1791:. University of Portsmouth
1627:. House of Commons Library
1412:Other acts, including the
1260:
1230:(subsequently abolished),
1034:non-metropolitan districts
888:
774:
674:
367:a means of making a chapel
329:
308:Civil parishes in Scotland
215:ancient system of parishes
18:
3390:Civil parishes in England
3342:Non-metropolitan district
3318:
3285:
3264:
3167:Local government in Wales
3165:
3113:
3084:
3000:
2957:
2879:
2598:
2580:Local Government Act 2000
2570:Local Government Act 1992
2565:Local Government Act 1972
2560:Local Government Act 1933
2555:Local Government Act 1929
2550:Local Government Act 1894
2542:
2496:
2362:Local Government Act 1894
2211:UK Government Web Archive
2209:26 September 2011 at the
1812:Victoria County Histories
1748:Richardson, John (1986).
1467:The two tiny exclaves of
1141:Local Government Act 1972
1097:This section needs to be
913:Councillors and elections
636:Local Government Act 1972
550:Local Government Act 1894
279:(a status granted by the
275:Eight parishes also have
219:Local Government Act 1894
158:
142:
113:
102:
88:
80:
70:
60:
50:
35:
30:
2663:East Riding of Yorkshire
1876:3 September 2010 at the
1485:St George Hanover Square
1161:Milton Keynes urban area
959:A parish can be granted
944:'Standards Board regime'
823:Ackworth, West Yorkshire
777:Parish council (England)
511:parochial church council
3305:Non-metropolitan county
3258:Subdivisions of England
3147:Community council areas
1538:"Dataset: Civil parish"
1287:Victoria County History
507:ecclesiastical parishes
316:community council areas
1346:lord/lady of the manor
1184:Brandon and Byshottles
825:
416:, the power to levy a
31:Civil parish (England)
2183:. 1974. p. 158.
2135:, Accessed 1 May 2015
1721:Arnold-Baker, Charles
1594:University of Bristol
1560:Open Geography Portal
1322:justices of the peace
1263:Enclaves and exclaves
1250:and remain deserted.
1030:metropolitan boroughs
868:planning applications
820:
767:, abolished in 2010.
629:metropolitan boroughs
492:extra-parochial areas
428:are well-documented.
268:, although only one,
250:principal authorities
207:administrative parish
176:Neighbourhood council
3337:Metropolitan borough
3076:Combined authorities
2504:Extra-parochial area
2401:12 June 2018 at the
2088:. legislation.gov.uk
1544:. 10 September 2023.
809:Powers and functions
524:were abolished. The
488:overseer of the poor
422:Poor Relief Act 1601
242:in excess of 100,000
3300:Metropolitan county
3041:Unitary authorities
3024:Ceremonial counties
2417:. 17 December 2023.
2344:A Vision of Britain
2228:17 May 2009 at the
1789:A Vision of Britain
1727:. Longcross Press.
730:unitary authorities
459:boards of guardians
318:established by the
3184:Preserved counties
2688:Greater Manchester
1938:on 1 November 2011
1294:, which could be:
1206:(in the middle of
1159:has four, and the
1147:has two parishes (
872:neighbourhood plan
826:
752:, and in 2001 the
641:successor parishes
562:sanitary districts
467:Sanitary districts
246:communes of France
240:with a population
3377:
3376:
3352:Unitary authority
3295:Ceremonial county
3217:
3216:
3204:Historic counties
3157:Historic counties
3137:Lieutenancy areas
3071:Historic counties
2978:Lieutenancy areas
2917:
2916:
2841:
2840:
2590:Localism Act 2011
2382:Church of England
2366:56 & 57 Vict.
2238:978-1-8511-2917-1
1734:978-0-902378-09-4
1670:978-1-4098-2421-3
1433:Church of England
1198:Deserted parishes
1130:Weston-super-Mare
1118:
1117:
955:Status and styles
940:Localism Act 2011
879:Localism Act 2011
842:community centres
750:Burton upon Trent
699:– with this, the
683:is encouraged in
615:1965–1974 reforms
604:municipal borough
554:56 & 57 Vict.
530:England and Wales
482:, which received
443:Church of England
377:which prized the
352:lord of the manor
223:56 & 57 Vict.
199:
198:
171:Community council
95:Various, see text
84:Various, see text
44:Welsh communities
3402:
3256:
3255:
3244:
3237:
3230:
3221:
3220:
2944:
2937:
2930:
2921:
2920:
2868:
2861:
2854:
2845:
2844:
2743:Northamptonshire
2529:Successor parish
2482:
2475:
2468:
2459:
2458:
2437:
2419:
2418:
2411:
2405:
2391:
2385:
2375:
2369:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2336:
2330:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2299:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2273:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2247:
2241:
2220:
2214:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2151:Revised Statutes
2142:
2136:
2130:
2124:
2123:
2116:
2110:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2065:
2057:
2051:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2023:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2007:
1996:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1969:. Archived from
1963:
1957:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1937:
1931:. Archived from
1930:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1886:
1880:
1865:
1859:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1837:
1822:
1816:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1781:
1775:
1772:
1763:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1717:
1702:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1681:
1675:
1674:
1658:
1648:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1620:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1591:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1569:
1567:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1534:
1500:
1480:
1464:
1448:
1401:, surrounded by
1387:Poor Law Reforms
1228:Stanground North
1153:Sutton Coldfield
1113:
1110:
1104:
1092:
1091:
1084:
1054:charter trustees
1047:Charter trustees
907:unparished areas
795:direct democracy
793:: an example of
726:Sutton Coldfield
685:unparished areas
645:unparished areas
335:Ancient parishes
324:Northern Ireland
211:local government
40:
28:
27:
3410:
3409:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3380:
3379:
3378:
3373:
3365:Isles of Scilly
3314:
3281:
3260:
3250:
3248:
3218:
3213:
3189:Principal areas
3161:
3109:
3080:
2996:
2953:
2948:
2918:
2913:
2875:
2872:
2842:
2837:
2783:South Yorkshire
2758:Nottinghamshire
2753:North Yorkshire
2678:Gloucestershire
2618:Buckinghamshire
2600:Lists by county
2594:
2538:
2534:Unparished area
2492:
2486:
2444:
2428:
2426:Further reading
2423:
2422:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2403:Wayback Machine
2392:
2388:
2376:
2372:
2359:
2355:
2338:
2337:
2333:
2325:
2321:
2311:
2309:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2286:
2284:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2260:
2258:
2256:www.data.gov.uk
2248:
2244:
2230:Wayback Machine
2221:
2217:
2202:
2198:
2191:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2160:
2158:
2145:
2143:
2139:
2131:
2127:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2105:
2101:
2091:
2089:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2046:
2042:
2032:
2030:
2025:
2024:
2015:
2005:
2003:
1998:
1997:
1986:
1976:
1974:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1955:
1951:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1895:
1893:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1878:Wayback Machine
1866:
1862:
1849:
1845:
1835:
1833:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1808:
1804:
1794:
1792:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1766:
1761:
1757:
1746:
1742:
1735:
1718:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1671:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1640:
1630:
1628:
1621:
1608:
1598:
1596:
1589:
1583:
1579:
1565:
1563:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1536:
1535:
1528:
1523:
1511:
1504:
1501:
1492:
1481:
1472:
1465:
1456:
1449:
1422:Huntingdonshire
1407:Huntingdonshire
1374:manorial courts
1269:
1259:
1200:
1172:Dartmoor Forest
1114:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1093:
1089:
1082:
1049:
957:
915:
891:
850:leisure centres
811:
783:
775:Main articles:
773:
693:London boroughs
681:parish councils
677:
657:
617:
609:poor law unions
595:
586:parish meetings
582:
574:rural districts
570:urban districts
546:
518:time immemorial
476:
402:break with Rome
395:Chignall Smealy
391:Shellow Bowells
356:Catholic Church
341:Norman Conquest
337:
332:
266:London boroughs
227:parish councils
195:
191:Village council
138:
98:
81:Created by
46:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3408:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3367:
3362:
3360:City of London
3349:
3347:London borough
3344:
3339:
3334:
3328:
3326:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3312:
3310:Greater London
3307:
3302:
3297:
3291:
3289:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3274:
3268:
3266:
3262:
3261:
3247:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3224:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3191:
3186:
3177:
3171:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3159:
3154:
3152:Civil parishes
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3125:
3119:
3117:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3098:Subdivisions:
3096:
3090:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3061:Civil parishes
3058:
3048:
3038:
3033:
3032:
3031:
3021:
3012:
3006:
3004:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2994:
2980:
2975:
2971:Subdivisions:
2969:
2963:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2947:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2924:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2901:
2891:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2874:Civil parishes
2871:
2870:
2863:
2856:
2848:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2833:Worcestershire
2830:
2825:
2823:West Yorkshire
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2748:Northumberland
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2723:Leicestershire
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2683:Greater London
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2623:Cambridgeshire
2620:
2615:
2610:
2604:
2602:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2524:Parish meeting
2521:
2519:Parish council
2516:
2511:
2506:
2500:
2498:
2497:Administration
2494:
2493:
2489:Civil parishes
2485:
2484:
2477:
2470:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2454:, 16 May 2011.
2443:
2442:External links
2440:
2439:
2438:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2406:
2386:
2370:
2353:
2331:
2319:
2307:www.ons.gov.uk
2294:
2268:
2242:
2215:
2196:
2189:
2168:
2137:
2125:
2111:
2099:
2077:
2052:
2040:
2013:
1984:
1958:
1949:
1917:
1903:
1881:
1860:
1843:
1817:
1802:
1776:
1764:
1755:
1740:
1733:
1703:
1694:
1691:. 29 May 2012.
1676:
1669:
1638:
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1522:
1519:
1518:
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1502:
1495:
1493:
1482:
1475:
1473:
1466:
1459:
1457:
1450:
1443:
1403:Cambridgeshire
1363:manorial court
1359:chapel of ease
1310:
1309:
1302:
1299:
1258:
1255:
1216:Beaumont Chase
1210:city centre),
1204:Chester Castle
1199:
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1122:Greater London
1116:
1115:
1096:
1094:
1087:
1081:
1078:
1048:
1045:
1025:
1024:
1021:
1018:
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914:
911:
903:parish meeting
890:
887:
834:village greens
810:
807:
791:parish meeting
787:parish council
781:Parish meeting
772:
769:
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676:
673:
656:
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625:London borough
621:Greater London
616:
613:
600:urban district
594:
593:Urban parishes
591:
581:
580:Rural parishes
578:
545:
542:
538:ecclesiastical
526:census of 1911
475:
472:
363:subinfeudation
336:
333:
331:
328:
294:parish meeting
201:In England, a
197:
196:
194:
193:
188:
183:
181:Parish council
178:
173:
168:
162:
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140:
139:
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136:
133:
130:
127:
124:
121:
117:
115:
114:Possible types
111:
110:
104:
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92:
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3155:
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3145:
3143:
3142:Council areas
3140:
3138:
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3129:
3126:
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3101:
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2450:Editorial in
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2283:. 3 June 2020
2282:
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2020:
2018:
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1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1973:on 6 May 2011
1972:
1968:
1962:
1953:
1934:
1927:
1921:
1913:
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1333:feudal system
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1327:
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1020:neighbourhood
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839:
838:village halls
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806:
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782:
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762:
757:
755:
754:Milton Keynes
751:
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723:
722:Kidderminster
719:
715:
709:
707:
702:
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694:
690:
686:
682:
672:
670:
666:
662:
655:Sub-divisions
652:
650:
646:
642:
637:
634:In 1974, the
632:
630:
626:
622:
612:
610:
605:
601:
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435:
434:select vestry
429:
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423:
419:
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301:
297:
295:
290:
286:
285:neighbourhood
282:
278:
273:
271:
267:
263:
259:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
234:
232:
231:parish vestry
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
205:is a type of
204:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
163:
161:
157:
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149:
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128:
126:Neighbourhood
125:
122:
119:
118:
116:
112:
108:
105:
101:
94:
93:
91:
87:
83:
79:
76:
73:
71:Found in
69:
66:
63:
59:
56:
53:
49:
45:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
3356:sui generis
3332:Civil parish
3331:
3324:civil parish
3323:
3180:Subdivisions
3128:Subdivisions
3015:Subdivisions
2973:Shrievalties
2883:
2808:Warwickshire
2728:Lincolnshire
2608:Bedfordshire
2488:
2452:The Guardian
2451:
2433:
2409:
2389:
2373:
2356:
2343:
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2322:
2310:. Retrieved
2306:
2297:
2285:. Retrieved
2280:
2271:
2259:. Retrieved
2255:
2245:
2218:
2199:
2176:
2171:
2161:11 September
2159:. Retrieved
2150:
2140:
2128:
2114:
2109:, section 35
2102:
2090:. Retrieved
2080:
2068:. Retrieved
2055:
2043:
2031:. Retrieved
2004:. Retrieved
1975:. Retrieved
1971:the original
1961:
1952:
1942:11 September
1940:. Retrieved
1933:the original
1920:
1911:
1906:
1894:. Retrieved
1884:
1868:
1863:
1846:
1834:. Retrieved
1829:
1820:
1810:
1805:
1793:. Retrieved
1788:
1779:
1758:
1749:
1743:
1724:
1697:
1688:
1679:
1652:
1629:. Retrieved
1597:. Retrieved
1593:
1580:
1571:
1564:. Retrieved
1559:
1550:
1541:
1437:subsidiarity
1430:
1411:
1371:
1365:for certain
1330:
1311:
1306:pene-enclave
1285:
1282:
1278:Wallingwells
1270:
1252:
1248:World War II
1244:Armed Forces
1201:
1192:Hamilton Lea
1165:
1149:New Frankley
1138:
1119:
1106:
1098:
1070:City of Bath
1050:
1038:
1026:
1008:
1004:town council
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633:
618:
596:
583:
547:
544:1894 reforms
537:
533:
515:
506:
504:
484:royal assent
477:
454:
430:
399:
383:
360:
349:
338:
298:
274:
270:Queen's Park
254:
235:
203:civil parish
202:
200:
186:Town council
166:City council
109:(as of 2023)
25:
3194:Communities
3132:Sheriffdoms
2818:West Sussex
2763:Oxfordshire
2668:East Sussex
2543:Legislation
2368:c. 73) s.36
2092:10 November
2070:10 November
1426:Isle of Ely
1372:The end of
1274:Barnby Moor
961:city status
919:councillors
899:council tax
744:(2013) and
724:(2015) and
447:Elizabeth I
304:communities
277:city status
152:Northampton
143:Populations
3384:Categories
2773:Shropshire
2733:Merseyside
2718:Lancashire
2643:Derbyshire
2491:in England
2312:29 January
2261:29 January
2179:. London:
2033:21 October
2006:21 October
1836:6 November
1659:. London:
1566:9 December
1521:References
1418:Stanground
1339:proper or
1261:See also:
1236:Tottington
1180:Brancepeth
1145:Birmingham
1109:March 2017
1009:Under the
969:Chichester
830:allotments
771:Governance
734:Shrewsbury
718:Folkestone
500:chapelries
439:Henry VIII
400:Until the
379:status quo
258:unparished
159:Government
3105:Districts
3051:Districts
2828:Wiltshire
2693:Hampshire
2613:Berkshire
2327:Todmorden
1379:nuisances
1354:diversify
1326:Todmorden
1080:Geography
1076:Council.
1058:mayoralty
1017:community
989:Salisbury
981:Lichfield
965:the Crown
932:co-option
897:" on the
738:Salisbury
669:townships
496:townships
451:Methodism
426:charities
375:canon law
289:community
209:used for
123:Community
75:Districts
3320:District
3100:Counties
2983:Counties
2904:Scotland
2778:Somerset
2633:Cornwall
2628:Cheshire
2399:Archived
2348:Archived
2226:Archived
2207:Archived
1874:Archived
1723:(1989).
1689:BBC News
1663:. 2010.
1509:See also
1424:and the
1399:Tetworth
1350:advowson
1292:exclaves
1232:Sturston
1168:Stanhope
1134:villages
1062:Hereford
977:Hereford
921:who are
864:planning
765:Southsea
746:Weymouth
740:(2009),
736:(2009),
720:(2004),
716:(2003),
714:Daventry
706:petition
665:tithings
649:Hinckley
558:vestries
522:exclaves
61:Location
51:Category
3272:Regions
3175:History
3123:History
3094:History
3019:Regions
3010:History
2967:History
2894:Ireland
2884:England
2793:Suffolk
2768:Rutland
2738:Norfolk
2638:Cumbria
2287:28 July
1896:20 July
1795:20 July
1631:8 March
1599:20 July
1469:Enfield
1383:statute
1246:during
1240:Tyneham
1224:Meering
1208:Chester
1099:updated
1023:village
923:elected
895:precept
889:Funding
846:markets
761:Birtley
695:by the
675:Revival
661:hamlets
536:to the
387:Writtle
330:History
281:monarch
148:137,387
135:Village
89:Created
65:England
3287:County
3265:Region
2798:Surrey
2658:Durham
2653:Dorset
2236:
2187:
2157:. 1972
1977:11 May
1858:. pxvi
1854:
1731:
1667:
1489:C of E
1453:Cowley
1367:tithes
1341:church
1314:county
1238:, and
1157:Oxford
1126:hamlet
857:grants
687:. The
540:form.
455:ad hoc
410:rector
371:vestry
345:manors
129:Parish
107:10,464
103:Number
55:Parish
2673:Essex
2648:Devon
2064:(PDF)
1936:(PDF)
1929:(PDF)
1657:(PDF)
1590:(PDF)
1337:manor
1041:mayor
997:Wells
993:Truro
985:Ripon
742:Crewe
534:civil
406:tithe
300:Wales
3322:and
3198:list
3065:list
3055:list
3045:list
3029:list
2991:home
2987:list
2908:list
2898:list
2888:list
2713:Kent
2380:The
2314:2024
2289:2022
2263:2024
2234:ISBN
2185:ISBN
2181:HMSO
2163:2010
2094:2018
2072:2018
2035:2018
2008:2018
1979:2011
1944:2010
1898:2022
1852:ISBN
1838:2021
1809:The
1797:2022
1729:ISBN
1665:ISBN
1633:2023
1601:2022
1568:2023
1431:The
1276:and
1265:and
1182:and
1151:and
995:and
938:The
877:The
779:and
572:and
498:and
418:rate
238:town
132:Town
120:City
1420:in
1155:),
1036:).
1032:or
973:Ely
963:by
840:or
667:or
602:or
287:or
3386::
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2342:.
2305:.
2279:.
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2153:.
2149:.
2016:^
1987:^
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1767:^
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1687:.
1641:^
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1592:.
1570:.
1558:.
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2193:.
2165:.
2122:.
2096:.
2074:.
2037:.
2010:.
1981:.
1946:.
1900:.
1840:.
1799:.
1737:.
1673:.
1635:.
1603:.
1471:.
1111:)
1107:(
1101:.
552:(
221:(
154:)
150:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
