80:
143:
All the writers who attended agreed to maintain the utmost secrecy, and it was not until 1935 that the activities of the War
Propaganda Bureau became public knowledge. Several of the writers agreed to write pamphlets and books that would promote the government's point of view; these were printed and
241:
was recruited to paint pictures of the home front. Nash later complained about the strict control maintained by the Bureau over the official subject matter, saying "I am no longer an artist. I am an artist who will bring back word from the men who are fighting to those who want the war to go on
45:, was mainly directed at foreign targets, including Allied nations and neutral countries, especially (until 1917) the United States. The building itself has since been demolished, and its former site is now occupied by a block of flats.
87:
The Bureau began its propaganda campaign on 2 September 1914 when
Masterman invited 25 leading British authors to Wellington House to discuss ways of best promoting Britain's interests during the war. Those who attended included
249:
1,000. Masterman retained responsibility for books, pamphlets, photographs and war art, while T. L. Gilmour was responsible for telegraph communications, radio, newspapers, magazines and the cinema.
200:
saw this as very good for propaganda as Buchan's close relationship with
Britain's military leaders made it very difficult for him to include any criticism about the way the war was being conducted.
334:
292:, was made director of propaganda aimed at neutral nations. Following the announcement, in February 1918, Lloyd George was accused of creating this new system to gain control over
197:
245:
In
February 1917 the government established a Department of Information. John Buchan was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel and put in charge of it at an annual salary of
203:
After
January 1916 the Bureau's activities were subsumed under the office of the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. In May 1916 Masterman recruited artist
177:, in early 1915. This pamphlet documented atrocities both actual and alleged committed by the German army against Belgian civilians. A Dutch illustrator,
450:
192:
appeared in
February 1915. A further 23 editions appeared regularly during the war. Buchan was given the rank of Second Lieutenant in the
207:. He was sent to France and by October had produced 150 drawings. After Bone returned to England he was replaced by his brother-in-law,
445:
435:
440:
252:
In early 1918 it was decided that a senior government figure should take over responsibility for propaganda and on 4 March
193:
184:
One of
Masterman's early projects was a history of the war to be published as a monthly magazine, for which he recruited
242:
forever. Feeble, inarticulate will be my message, but it will have a bitter truth and may it burn their lousy souls."
379:
305:
288:
455:
61:, was given the task of setting up a British War Propaganda Bureau. Lloyd George appointed the writer and fellow
157:
335:"1914 Authors' Manifesto Defending Britain's Involvement in WWI, Signed by H.G. Wells and Arthur Conan Doyle"
266:. Masterman was placed beneath him as Director of Publications, and John Buchan as Director of Intelligence.
73:
72:
to head the organization, whose headquarters were set up at
Wellington House, the London headquarters of the
38:
398:
253:
188:
to head its production. Published by Buchan's own publishers, Thomas Nelson, the first installment of the
58:
165:
263:
153:
89:
208:
145:
267:
161:
65:
8:
234:
213:
410:
226:
149:
97:
62:
54:
420:
375:
230:
69:
388:
Sanders, M L. "Wellington House and
British Propaganda During the First World War."
168:. The War Propaganda Bureau went on to publish over 1,160 pamphlets during the war.
178:
173:
109:
218:
137:
129:
117:
34:
30:
246:
171:
One of the first significant publications to be produced by the Bureau was the
125:
105:
101:
42:
24:
429:
283:
258:
222:
204:
113:
415:
293:
217:. In 1917 arrangements were made to send other artists to France including
121:
238:
185:
133:
53:
In August 1914, after discovering that
Germany had a Propaganda Agency,
41:
before the War. The Bureau, which operated under the supervision of the
393:
278:
93:
272:
181:, provided highly emotional drawings which appeared in the pamphlet.
79:
282:, was put in charge of propaganda aimed at enemy nations, while
196:
and provided with the necessary documents to write the work.
416:"The Kaiser walks with war and hunger" by Louis Raemaekers
140:
had been invited to the meeting but was unable to attend.
399:
World Information.org - US Propaganda in World War I
366:New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2004.
427:
37:, London, which was the headquarters of the
144:published by such well-known publishers as
451:1914 establishments in the United Kingdom
78:
76:, of which Masterman was the chairman.
16:Name for Britain's War Propaganda Bureau
428:
372:British Propaganda in the 20th Century
369:
364:Modern Art, Britain and the Great War,
22:is the more common name for Britain's
33:from Wellington House, a building on
13:
14:
467:
404:
306:British propaganda in World War I
174:Report on Alleged German Outrages
446:Propaganda in the United Kingdom
436:British propaganda organisations
211:, who had been working for the
374:. Edinburgh University Press.
327:
318:
1:
441:United Kingdom in World War I
356:
74:National Insurance Commission
39:National Insurance Commission
29:, which operated during the
7:
299:
190:Nelson's History of the War
59:Chancellor of the Exchequer
10:
472:
411:Image of Charles Masterman
370:Taylor, Philip M. (1999).
198:General Headquarters Staff
48:
311:
264:Minister of Information
154:Oxford University Press
456:World War I propaganda
146:Hodder & Stoughton
84:
82:
392:18 (1975): 119–146.
296:'s leading figures.
262:newspaper, was made
235:William Rothenstein
214:Manchester Guardian
390:Historical Journal
194:Intelligence Corps
98:Arthur Conan Doyle
85:
55:David Lloyd George
231:C. R. W. Nevinson
83:Charles Masterman
70:Charles Masterman
463:
421:The Bryce Report
385:
350:
349:
347:
345:
331:
325:
322:
286:, editor of the
268:Lord Northcliffe
254:Lord Beaverbrook
179:Louis Raemaekers
110:G. K. Chesterton
20:Wellington House
471:
470:
466:
465:
464:
462:
461:
460:
426:
425:
407:
382:
362:Malvern, Sue.
359:
354:
353:
343:
341:
333:
332:
328:
323:
319:
314:
302:
289:Daily Chronicle
256:, owner of the
219:Eric Kennington
138:Rudyard Kipling
130:G. M. Trevelyan
118:John Galsworthy
51:
35:Buckingham Gate
31:First World War
17:
12:
11:
5:
469:
459:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
424:
423:
418:
413:
406:
405:External links
403:
402:
401:
396:
386:
380:
367:
358:
355:
352:
351:
326:
316:
315:
313:
310:
309:
308:
301:
298:
126:Gilbert Parker
106:John Masefield
102:Arnold Bennett
90:William Archer
50:
47:
43:Foreign Office
25:War Propaganda
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
468:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
433:
431:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
408:
400:
397:
395:
391:
387:
383:
381:0-7486-1039-1
377:
373:
368:
365:
361:
360:
340:
336:
330:
324:Taylor, p. 35
321:
317:
307:
304:
303:
297:
295:
291:
290:
285:
284:Robert Donald
281:
280:
275:
274:
269:
265:
261:
260:
259:Daily Express
255:
250:
248:
243:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
223:William Orpen
220:
216:
215:
210:
206:
205:Muirhead Bone
201:
199:
195:
191:
187:
182:
180:
176:
175:
169:
167:
166:Thomas Nelson
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
141:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
114:Henry Newbolt
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
81:
77:
75:
71:
67:
64:
60:
56:
46:
44:
40:
36:
32:
28:
26:
21:
389:
371:
363:
342:. Retrieved
338:
329:
320:
294:Fleet Street
287:
277:
271:
257:
251:
244:
212:
209:Francis Dodd
202:
189:
183:
172:
170:
142:
122:Thomas Hardy
86:
52:
23:
19:
18:
344:27 February
270:, owner of
239:John Lavery
186:John Buchan
158:John Murray
134:H. G. Wells
430:Categories
357:References
279:Daily Mail
94:Hall Caine
273:The Times
227:Paul Nash
162:Macmillan
300:See also
276:and the
150:Methuen
63:Liberal
49:History
394:online
378:
57:, the
27:Bureau
339:Slate
312:Notes
376:ISBN
346:2020
233:and
164:and
132:and
432::
337:.
237:.
229:,
225:,
221:,
160:,
156:,
152:,
148:,
136:.
128:,
124:,
120:,
116:,
112:,
108:,
104:,
100:,
96:,
92:,
68:,
66:MP
384:.
348:.
247:£
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
