805:
412:
424:
459:
banking was particularly important. Aristotle describes the basic function of money as a universal instrument of quantitative measurement – "for it measures all things " – making things alike and comparable due to a social "agreement" of acceptance. In that way, money also enables a new type of economic society and the definition of wealth in measurable quantities, such as gold and money. Modern philosophers like
Nietzsche criticized the fixation on measurable wealth: "Unsere 'Reichen' – das sind die Ärmsten! Der eigentliche Zweck alles Reichtums ist vergessen!" ("Our 'rich people' – those are the poorest! The real purpose of all wealth has been forgotten!")
793:
692:
704:
817:
435:(2017). According to the eighth edition of the Global Wealth Report, in the year to mid-2017, total global wealth rose at a rate of 6.4%, the fastest pace since 2012 and reached US$ 280 trillion, a gain of US$ 16.7 trillion. This reflected widespread gains in equity markets matched by similar rises in non-financial assets, which moved above the pre-crisis year 2007's level for the first time this year. Wealth growth also outpaced population growth, so that global mean wealth per adult grew by 4.9% and reached a new record high of US$ 56,540 per adult.
149:
1620:
601:, etc. Over the history, some of the key underlying factors in wealth creation and the measurement of the wealth include the scalable innovation and application of human knowledge in the form of institutional structure and political/ideological "superstructure", the scarce resources (both natural and man-made), and the saving of monetary assets.
398:
between material wealth and human wealth, defining human wealth as "wealth in human relations"; land and labour were the source of all material wealth. The German cultural historian Silvio Vietta links wealth/poverty to rationality. Having a leading position in the development of rational sciences,
278:
Wealth has been defined as a collection of things limited in supply, transferable, and useful in satisfying human desires. Scarcity is a fundamental factor for wealth. When a desirable or valuable commodity (transferable good or skill) is abundantly available to everyone, the owner of the commodity
760:
The middle class views wealth as something for emergencies and it is seen as more of a cushion. This class comprises people that were raised with families that typically owned their own home, planned ahead and stressed the importance of education and achievement. They earn a significant income and
458:
In
Western civilization, wealth is connected with a quantitative type of thought, invented in the ancient Greek "revolution of rationality", involving for instance the quantitative analysis of nature, the rationalization of warfare, and measurement in economics. The invention of coined money and
106:
At the most general level, economists may define wealth as "the total of anything of value" that captures both the subjective nature of the idea and the idea that it is not a fixed or static concept. Various definitions and concepts of wealth have been asserted by various people in different
1653:, The Wealth Concept. A Study in Economic Theory, Source: The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science , Apr., 1891, Vol. 1 (Apr., 1891), pp. 615–634, Published by: Sage Publications, Inc. in association with the American Academy of Political and Social Science,
632:', but is measured differently. Accounting measures net worth in terms of the historical cost of assets while economics measures wealth in terms of current values. But analysis may adapt typical accounting conventions for economic purposes in social accounting (such as in
326:
in modern societies for even the poorest of people. This comparative wealth across time is also applicable to the future; given this trend of human advancement, it is possible that the standard of living that the wealthiest enjoy today will be considered impoverished by
305:
in relation to such items which can be invoked with little or no effort and expense on the part of the owner. The concept of wealth is relative and not only varies between societies, but varies between different sections or regions in the same society. A personal
1634:
1050:
275:. Wealth provides some people "safety nets" of protection against unforeseen declines in their living standard in the event of emergency and can be transformed into home ownership, business ownership, or college education by its expenditure.
1744:
310:
of US$ 10,000 in most parts of the United States would certainly not place a person among the wealthiest citizens of that locale. Such an amount would constitute an extraordinary amount of wealth in impoverished
1679:
2088:
1631:
1047:
290:
of such resources (income or flow). A wealthy person, group, or nation thus has more accumulated resources (capital) than a poor one. The opposite of wealth is destitution. The opposite of richness is
841:(US$ 418.3×10) at the end of the year 2020. For 2018, the World Bank estimated the value of the world's produced capital, natural capital, and human capital to be $ 1,152 trillion. According to the
1232:
With permanent settlements, a variety of tools, and the creation of trading networks, our ancestors achieved a level of cultural and economic sophistication that anthropologists refer to as a
1195:
groups of early humans; the evidence included burial-site tools made from nonlocal materials, seashell jewelry found with noncoastal tribes, and patterns of movement suggesting trading routes.
653:
1615:
1721:
2058:
205:, described wealth as "the annual produce of the land and labor of the society". This "produce" is, at its simplest, a good or service which satisfies human needs, and wants of
136:, and minerals. Human capital is the population's education and skills. Physical (or "manufactured") capital includes such things as machinery, buildings, and infrastructure.
510:, the net liabilities are those owed to the rest of the world. The term may also be used more broadly as referring to the productive capacity of a society or as a contrast to
1363:
2028:
2006:
3399:
1741:
678:
for formulating and deriving such measures on the argument that an educated valuation is superior to a value of zero (as the implied valuation of environmental assets).
446:, the worldwide total net worth is currently at US$ 514 trillion in 2020, with China being the wealthiest nation with net worth of US$ 120 trillion. Another report, by
279:
will possess no potential for wealth. When a valuable or desirable commodity is in scarce supply, the owner of the commodity will possess great potential for wealth.
1922:
1897:
1872:
1676:
924:
1424:
3364:
2096:
1444:
1384:
531:
in time, for example the value of an orchard on
December 31 minus debt owed on the orchard. For a given amount of wealth, say at the beginning of the year,
3404:
3359:
228:. A person considered wealthy, affluent, or rich is someone who has accumulated substantial wealth relative to others in their society or reference group.
1650:
3566:
3369:
185:
groups began to adopt a more settled lifestyle, as evidenced by cave drawings, burial sites, and decorative objects. Around this time, humans began
1687:
1404:
1154:
around 35,000 years ago we begin to see the first evidence of a more settled lifestyle, with burial sites, cave drawings, and decorative objects.
3427:
3379:
2440:
2296:
545:
variable. What marks the income as a flow is its measurement per unit of time, such as the value of apples yielded from the orchard per year.
3437:
439:
has asserted that a small child has greater wealth than the 2 billion poorest people in the world combined, since a small child has no debt.
3354:
1768:
3561:
1626:
1516:
1042:
845:, inequality of wealth and income increases during the early phases of economic development, stabilizes and then becomes more equitable.
337:
emphasized the role of technology. Many jobs were automated. Machines replaced some workers while other workers became more specialized.
1718:
1263:
648:
projected future outlays considered to be liabilities. Macroeconomic questions include whether the issuance of government bonds affects
119:, region or country that possesses an abundance of such possessions or resources to the benefit of the common good is known as wealthy.
2066:
1586:
3452:
3384:
3422:
1671:
1360:
1037:
1555:
3457:
1753:
852:" countries, and in 2008, 1% of adults were estimated to hold 40% of world wealth, a number which falls to 32% when adjusted for
798:
Though the 10th percentile of
American households have zero net worth, the 90th percentile has $ 1.6 million of household wealth.
3447:
3442:
3374:
2023:
2003:
1575:
857:
608:– that is, in money value as of a given date or adjusted to net out price changes. The assets include those that are tangible (
193:
lifestyle. Those who had gathered abundant burial-site tools, weapons, baskets, and food, were considered part of the wealthy.
2129:
1979:
1609:
605:
132:
is a monetary measure which includes the sum of natural, human, and physical assets. Natural capital includes land, forests,
3349:
3326:
2277:
1915:
1890:
1865:
890:
822:
Median wealth of married couples exceeds that of single individuals, regardless of gender and across all age categories.
115:
implications, since often wealth maximization is seen as a goal or is thought to be a normative principle of its own. A
2173:
1939:
1800:
984:
804:
3432:
3076:
1547:
1218:
1177:
1140:
416:
3341:
2977:
1308:
1095:
864:
838:
432:
3623:
3160:
573:
3037:
727:. Wealth at the individual or household level refers to value of everything a person or family owns, including
450:
in 2021, suggests the total wealth of the US exceeded that of China, US$ 126.3 trillion to US$ 74.9 trillion.
103:
is defined as the current value of one's assets less liabilities (excluding the principal in trust accounts).
2806:
3321:
3295:
3206:
2390:
1713:
999:
411:
399:
in new technologies and in economic production leads to wealth, while the opposite can be correlated with
95:, yet the meaning of wealth is context-dependent. A person possessing a substantial net worth is known as
3331:
3316:
3303:
2915:
2455:
2089:"Tax on the 'private' billions now stashed away in havens enough to end extreme world poverty twice over"
649:
571:
There are several historical developmental economics points of view on the basis of wealth, such as from
561:
423:
3660:
3464:
2622:
225:
39:
17:
792:
620:(money, bonds, etc.). Measurable wealth typically excludes intangible or nonmarketable assets such as
3311:
3155:
2750:
2562:
2425:
43:
947:
318:
Concepts of wealth also vary across time. Modern labor-saving inventions and the development of the
3044:
3032:
2531:
2495:
2270:
880:
363:
saw wealth creation as the combination of materials, labour, land, and technology. The theories of
35:
2706:
1250:
The Origin of Wealth: The
Radical Remaking of Economics and What it Means for Business and Society
3389:
3120:
2895:
2789:
2325:
853:
703:
667:
637:
565:
350:
80:
31:
1330:
A Theory of Global
Civilization: Rationality and the Irrational as the Driving Forces of History
3506:
3229:
2865:
2860:
2775:
2745:
1765:
1761:
1696:
782:
515:
503:
240:
1788:
666:
are not usually counted in measuring wealth, in part due to the difficulty of valuation for a
3637:
3488:
2925:
2900:
2885:
2816:
2801:
2636:
2602:
2525:
2510:
2395:
2310:
2209:
1535:
1267:
691:
583:
467:"Savings" redirects here. For the concept of non-expenditure of income per unit of time, see
443:
388:
338:
272:
201:
160:
92:
66:
3498:
2520:
816:
3545:
3540:
3530:
3244:
3224:
3005:
2970:
2542:
2505:
2380:
2345:
2218:
2139:
1508:
1033:
724:
663:
2405:
1583:
848:
As of 2008, about 90% of global wealth is distributed in North
America, Europe, and "rich
8:
3615:
3512:
3269:
3199:
3150:
3125:
3027:
3022:
3017:
2855:
2850:
2735:
2567:
2537:
2350:
2330:
2263:
1953:
885:
773:
have the least amount of wealth, with circumstances discouraging accumulation of assets.
757:
The upper class are schooled to maintain their wealth and pass it to future generations.
613:
376:
252:
2222:
2875:
2696:
2627:
2587:
2450:
2239:
2204:
1985:
1654:
1552:
1016:
751:
747:
720:
375:, in the 18th century and 19th century built on these views of wealth that we now call
328:
323:
312:
232:
521:
Economic terminology distinguishes between wealth and income. Wealth or savings is a
3608:
3535:
3254:
3194:
3189:
2845:
2716:
2711:
2668:
2612:
2582:
2547:
2490:
2355:
2244:
2200:
2187:
2179:
2169:
2125:
1989:
1975:
1796:
1499:
1389:
1214:
1173:
1136:
1020:
980:
728:
675:
633:
507:
472:
382:
334:
247:, including homes or automobiles; monetary savings, such as the accumulation of past
244:
213:
55:
2022:
James B. Davies, Susanna
Sandström, Anthony Shorrocks, and Edward N. Wolff. (2008).
2002:
James B. Davies, Susanna
Sandström, Anthony Shorrocks, and Edward N. Wolff. (2008).
1572:
761:
consume many things, typically limiting their savings and investments to retirement
532:
243:
owed at a point in time. Wealth can be categorized into three principal categories:
3172:
3010:
2935:
2910:
2905:
2811:
2701:
2663:
2658:
2617:
2607:
2597:
2557:
2375:
2360:
2234:
2226:
2161:
1967:
1959:
1602:
1503:
1008:
863:
In 2013, 1% of adults were estimated to hold 46% of world wealth and around $ 18.5
830:
671:
609:
578:
372:
342:
133:
128:
1817:
1348:
Rationalität. Eine
Weltgeschichte. Europäische Kulturgeschichte und Globalisierung
1210:
The Origin of Wealth: Evolution, Complexity, and the Radical Remaking of Economics
1169:
The Origin of Wealth: Evolution, Complexity, and the Radical Remaking of Economics
1132:
The Origin of Wealth: Evolution, Complexity, and the Radical Remaking of Economics
997:
Kronman, Anthony T. (March 1980). "Wealth Maximization as a Normative Principle".
3683:
3655:
3571:
3259:
3234:
2963:
2930:
2920:
2890:
2796:
2430:
2340:
2153:
2147:
2032:
2010:
1772:
1748:
1725:
1708:
1683:
1638:
1590:
1579:
1564:
1559:
1542:
1367:
1312:
1208:
1167:
1130:
1054:
895:
810:
Higher educational attainment in the US corresponds with median household wealth.
732:
641:
557:
495:
346:
298:
286:
of resources (net asset value), whether abundant or not. 'Richness' refers to an
190:
88:
58:
2648:
2592:
2572:
2410:
2365:
2320:
2315:
2230:
2165:
2157:
1409:
976:
625:
541:
523:
264:
216:, or the state of controlling or possessing such items, usually in the form of
212:
In popular usage, wealth can be described as an abundance of items of economic
123:
1963:
1385:"Global wealth surges as China overtakes US to grab top spot: McKinsey report"
919:
719:
is not identical to wealth, but the two concepts are related (particularly in
3677:
3629:
3594:
3239:
3090:
2880:
2755:
2673:
2577:
2445:
2415:
2385:
2191:
2143:
1072:
842:
834:
766:
657:
645:
621:
553:
549:
447:
364:
3522:
3264:
3110:
2826:
2780:
2760:
2691:
2552:
2500:
2335:
2248:
1851:
900:
849:
743:
716:
181:
83:
word stem. The modern concept of wealth is of significance in all areas of
3588:
3249:
3179:
3145:
3115:
3085:
2945:
2730:
2653:
2643:
2470:
2420:
2370:
1916:"The Wealth of Households: 2021 / Current Population Reports / P70BR-183"
1891:"The Wealth of Households: 2021 / Current Population Reports / P70BR-183"
1866:"The Wealth of Households: 2021 / Current Population Reports / P70BR-183"
1429:
1067:
739:
592:
556:' may refer to the increase in aggregate consumption from an increase in
436:
256:
221:
70:
1305:
1191:
During this period, archeologists also begin to see evidence of trading
148:
3274:
3064:
2765:
2740:
2678:
2465:
2286:
1971:
1658:
1530:
588:
483:
394:
368:
360:
196:
1793:
Routledge Encyclopedia of International Political Economy: Entries A–F
1425:"China overtakes US as world's richest nation as global wealth surges"
1107:
3493:
3184:
3099:
3069:
3059:
3054:
2940:
2870:
2840:
2770:
2515:
2460:
2435:
2400:
868:
629:
598:
491:
479:
307:
302:
271:. All these delineations make wealth an especially important part of
116:
108:
84:
1012:
319:
268:
62:
2183:
1616:
International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences
971:
Denis "Authentic Development: Is it Sustainable?", pp. 189–205 in
3167:
2955:
2821:
2683:
770:
762:
511:
400:
291:
206:
186:
112:
506:
owed at a point in time. For national wealth as measured in the
74:
3601:
2198:
1405:"Global Wealth Surges as China Overtakes U.S. to Grab Top Spot"
468:
248:
236:
189:
burial-site tools and developed trade networks, resulting in a
1306:
An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations
3049:
2255:
1088:
628:. In economics, 'wealth' corresponds to the accounting term '
499:
260:
217:
1914:
Sullivan, Brianna; Hays, Donald; Bennett, Neil (June 2023).
1889:
Sullivan, Brianna; Hays, Donald; Bennett, Neil (June 2023).
1864:
Sullivan, Brianna; Hays, Donald; Bennett, Neil (June 2023).
1213:. Boston, Massachusetts: Harvard Business Press. p. 7.
1172:. Boston, Massachusetts: Harvard Business Press. p. 7.
1135:. Boston, Massachusetts: Harvard Business Press. p. 7.
69:. This includes the core meaning as held in the originating
1514: • Nancy D. Ruggles, 1987. "social accounting"
1103:
738:
In both Marxist and Weberian theory, class is divided into
709:
Global share of wealth by wealth group, Credit Suisse, 2017
697:
Global share of wealth by wealth group, Credit Suisse, 2021
1842:
1840:
1838:
1907:
1293:. Vol. 15. The Grolier Society. 1949. p. 5357.
925:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
560:. One feature of its effect on economic behavior is the
65:
which can be converted into a form that can be used for
2046:
Persistent Poverty: The American Dream Turned Nightmare
1835:
1613: • E.N. Wolff, 2002. "Wealth Distribution"
1241:
2199:
Wiedmann, Thomas; Lenzen, Manfred; Keyßer, Lorenz T.;
1669:• Jagadeesh Gokhale, 2008. "Generational accounting."
1370:(October 18, 2018). Credit Suisse Research Institute.
568:
goods demanded for each one-percent change in wealth.
431:
The wealth of households worldwide amounts to US$ 280
427:
World regions by total wealth (in trillions USD), 2018
1921:. United States Census Bureau. p. 5 (Figure 2).
1896:. United States Census Bureau. p. 5 (Figure 2).
1857:
1341:
1339:
1323:
1321:
2122:
As Gods Among Men: A History of the Rich in the West
1882:
1871:. United States Census Bureau. p. 2 (Table 1).
514:. Analytical emphasis may be on its determinants or
1913:
1888:
1863:
1736:• Sjak Smulders, 2008. "green national accounting"
829:Although precise data are not available, the total
3567:Socialism for the rich and capitalism for the poor
1848:Assets and the Poor: A New American Welfare Policy
1336:
1318:
1282:
564:, which is the percentage change in the amount of
30:Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see
345:, as it came to be known, consisting of both the
3675:
1786:
765:and home ownership. Below the middle class, the
3365:Largest financial services companies by revenue
2441:Perspectives on capitalism by school of thought
1445:"Research Institute: Global wealth report 2021"
2004:The World Distribution of Household Wealth, p8
1624: • Robert L. Heilbroner, 1987. ).
442:According to the 2021 global wealth report by
3360:Largest corporations by market capitalization
2971:
2271:
1758:Assigning Economic Value to Natural Resources
1252:. Harvard Business Review Press; 1st edition.
255:wealth of income producing assets, including
1711:, 1974. "Are Government Bonds Net Wealth?",
1691: • Laurence J. Kotlikoff, 1992,
858:concentration of wealth in the United States
27:Abundance of financial assets or possessions
3562:The rich get richer and the poor get poorer
1627:The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics
1517:The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics
1068:"Free exchange: The real wealth of nations"
1043:The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics
471:. For savings as a business objective, see
3370:Largest manufacturing companies by revenue
2978:
2964:
2278:
2264:
2025:The World Distribution of Household Wealth
1569:An Inquiry into Well-Being and Destitution
1297:
1247:
1206:
1165:
1128:
2238:
1027:
453:
1738:The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics
1672:The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics
928:(4th ed.). Houghton Mifflin Company
422:
410:
3380:Largest technology companies by revenue
1754:United States National Research Council
996:
14:
3676:
3448:Income inequality in the United States
3443:Wealth inequality in the United States
1958:. World Bank Group. October 27, 2021.
1345:
1327:
750:, with each further subdivided (e.g.,
681:
3375:Largest software companies by revenue
2959:
2259:
1795:. Taylor & Francis. p. 161.
1782:
1780:
1483:
1468:
1264:"WWE Superstars net worth and salary"
1060:
965:
856:. According to Richard H Ropers, the
833:in the world, excluding the value of
527:variable – that is, it is measurable
341:became critical to economic success.
3355:Largest corporate profits and losses
1955:The Changing Wealth of Nations, 2021
462:
143:
3428:Countries by number of billionaires
2137:
1630:, v. 4, pp. 880–883. Brief preview
1046:, v. 4, pp. 880–883. Brief preview
891:Productivity-improving technologies
107:contexts. Defining wealth can be a
24:
2985:
2205:"Scientists' warning on affluence"
2149:The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism
2114:
1928:from the original on May 24, 2024.
1903:from the original on May 24, 2024.
1878:from the original on May 24, 2024.
1777:
25:
3695:
3077:Primitive accumulation of capital
1548:The Wealth and Poverty of Nations
3423:Cities by number of billionaires
2048:. New York: Insight Books, 1991.
1815:
837:, has been estimated at $ 418.3
815:
803:
791:
702:
690:
535:from that wealth, as measurable
482:, wealth (in a commonly applied
406:
301:on establishing and maintaining
147:
3624:The Theory of the Leisure Class
3499:Acquired situational narcissism
2081:
2051:
2038:
2016:
1996:
1946:
1932:
1809:
1730:
1702:
1663:
1644:
1595:
1523:
1492:
1477:
1462:
1437:
1417:
1397:
1377:
1354:
1256:
1200:
776:
636:). An example of the latter is
574:Principles of Political Economy
3438:Countries by wealth inequality
3038:History of economic inequality
2285:
2124:. Princeton University Press.
2095:. May 22, 2013. Archived from
1791:. In Jones, R.J. Barry (ed.).
1374:. Retrieved December 10, 2018.
1159:
1122:
1106:. July 9, 2012. Archived from
990:
973:Building Sustainable Societies
940:
912:
867:was estimated to be stored in
860:is "inequitably distributed".
473:Procurement § Performance
419:(trillions USD), Credit Suisse
13:
1:
2807:Critique of political economy
1610:Analytical Table of Contents.
906:
723:), leading to the concept of
3405:Number of billionaire alumni
3350:Largest companies by revenue
2391:History of capitalist theory
1714:Journal of Political Economy
1248:Beinhocker, Eric D. (2007).
1207:Beinhocker, Eric D. (2006).
1166:Beinhocker, Eric D. (2006).
1129:Beinhocker, Eric D. (2006).
1000:The Journal of Legal Studies
498:– that is, the value of all
7:
1578:September 29, 2007, at the
1520:, v. 4, pp. 377–382, .
948:"The Millionaire Next Door"
874:
562:wealth elasticity of demand
494:of a person, household, or
10:
3700:
2231:10.1038/s41467-020-16941-y
2166:10.4135/9781412965811.n326
1940:"The Global Wealth Report"
1607:The Distribution of Wealth
1589:December 15, 2018, at the
1450:. Credit Suisse. June 2021
780:
604:Wealth may be measured in
466:
353:, became the focus of the
139:
40:Affluence (disambiguation)
29:
3651:
3580:
3554:
3521:
3484:
3477:
3433:Countries by total wealth
3415:
3340:
3312:List of centibillionaires
3294:
3287:
3215:
3156:High-net-worth individual
3138:
3001:
2994:
2834:
2788:
2751:Labour market flexibility
2724:
2635:
2484:
2426:Multinational corporation
2303:
2293:
2044:Ropers, Richard H, Ph.D.
2031:October 16, 2009, at the
2009:October 16, 2009, at the
1964:10.1596/978-1-4648-1590-4
1787:Grant, J. Andrew (2001).
1558:October 11, 2012, at the
1486:Werke in drei Bänden. III
1289:"How Wealth is Created".
1234:hunter-gatherer lifestyle
1096:"Inclusive Wealth Report"
322:have vastly improved the
239:owned minus the value of
44:Affluent (disambiguation)
3045:International inequality
3033:Consumption distribution
1816:Team, The Investopedia.
1682:October 2, 2011, at the
881:Gross National Happiness
282:'Wealth' refers to some
179:Around 35,000 years ago
36:Wealthy (disambiguation)
3121:Conspicuous consumption
2896:Individualist anarchism
2138:Lee, Dwight R. (2008).
1693:Generational Accounting
1361:"Global Wealth Report."
1346:Vietta, Silvio (2012).
1328:Vietta, Silvio (2013).
1311:August 1, 2020, at the
1291:World Book Encyclopedia
854:purchasing power parity
644:systems to include the
638:generational accounting
392:) distinguishes in the
351:infrastructural capital
235:refers to the value of
75:
32:Wealth (disambiguation)
3507:Argumentum ad crumenam
2861:Collectivist anarchism
2776:Social venture capital
2746:Freedom of association
2120:Alfani, Guido (2023).
1789:"class, definition of"
1762:National Academy Press
1512:, "Glossary of Terms."
1366:July 11, 2019, at the
783:Distribution of wealth
606:nominal or real values
454:Philosophical analysis
444:McKinsey & Company
428:
420:
199:, in his seminal work
3638:The Wealth of Nations
3489:Diseases of affluence
2926:Post-scarcity economy
2901:Libertarian socialism
2886:Free-market socialism
2817:Market fundamentalism
2802:Capitalist propaganda
2396:Industrial Revolution
2311:Anarchy of production
2210:Nature Communications
2201:Steinberger, Julia K.
2152:. Thousand Oaks, CA:
1771:June 7, 2011, at the
1747:May 11, 2012, at the
1724:June 6, 2011, at the
1637:June 1, 2012, at the
1536:The Wealth of Nations
1053:June 1, 2012, at the
584:The Wealth of Nations
426:
414:
389:labor theory of value
339:Labour specialization
273:social stratification
202:The Wealth of Nations
111:process with various
93:development economics
87:, and clearly so for
3546:Venture philanthropy
3541:Philanthrocapitalism
3453:Most expensive items
3327:Wealthiest Americans
3307:list of billionaires
3006:Capital accumulation
2381:Financial Revolution
2346:Economic development
2160:. pp. 537–539.
2140:"Wealth and Poverty"
2099:on December 23, 2015
2069:on February 14, 2015
2061:Global Wealth Report
1846:Sherraden, Michael.
1433:. November 16, 2021.
1413:. November 14, 2021.
1393:. November 15, 2021.
1034:Robert L. Heilbroner
979:, ed., M.E. Sharpe,
725:socioeconomic status
664:Environmental assets
313:developing countries
63:physical possessions
54:is the abundance of
3602:Greek god of wealth
3513:Prosperity theology
3332:Wealthiest families
3317:Female billionaires
3151:Captain of industry
3126:Conspicuous leisure
3028:Income distribution
3023:Wealth distribution
3018:Economic inequality
2856:Anarcho-syndicalism
2851:Anarcho-primitivism
2736:Economic inequality
2351:Economic liberalism
2223:2020NatCo..11.3107W
2093:Oxfam International
1818:"Wealth Definition"
1619:, pp. 16394–16401.
1504:William D. Nordhaus
952:movies2.nytimes.com
886:Happiness economics
682:Versus social class
670:. Environmental or
377:classical economics
297:The term implies a
79:, which is from an
3465:Wealthiest animals
2876:Economic democracy
2697:Private foundation
1764:. Chapter-preview
1688:uncorrected proof.
1471:Nicomachean Ethics
1270:on August 27, 2017
752:upper middle class
429:
421:
355:analysis of wealth
329:future generations
324:standard of living
159:. You can help by
42:, and
3671:
3670:
3647:
3646:
3536:The Giving Pledge
3473:
3472:
3283:
3282:
2953:
2952:
2846:Anarcho-communism
2717:Spontaneous order
2712:Social alienation
2669:Economic mobility
2356:Economic planning
2131:978-0-691-22712-2
1981:978-1-4648-1590-4
1506:, 2004, 18th ed.
1500:Paul A. Samuelson
1390:The Straits Times
1372:Credit-Suisse.com
729:personal property
676:social accounting
634:national accounts
508:national accounts
502:owned net of all
486:sense, sometimes
463:Economic analysis
383:Marxian economics
335:Industrialization
245:personal property
177:
176:
16:(Redirected from
3691:
3531:Gospel of Wealth
3482:
3481:
3292:
3291:
3103:
3094:
3011:Overaccumulation
2999:
2998:
2980:
2973:
2966:
2957:
2956:
2936:Social anarchism
2911:Market socialism
2906:Market anarchism
2812:Critique of work
2702:Private property
2664:Economic freedom
2659:Decentralization
2637:Cultural aspects
2598:Regulated market
2376:Financial crisis
2361:Entrepreneurship
2280:
2273:
2266:
2257:
2256:
2252:
2242:
2195:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2065:. Archived from
2055:
2049:
2042:
2036:
2020:
2014:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1942:. Credit Suisse.
1936:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1920:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1895:
1886:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1870:
1861:
1855:
1844:
1833:
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1830:
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1813:
1807:
1806:
1784:
1775:
1734:
1728:
1706:
1700:
1667:
1661:
1648:
1642:
1603:John Bates Clark
1599:
1593:
1527:
1521:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1473:. p. 1133a.
1466:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1449:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1381:
1375:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1343:
1334:
1333:
1332:. Kindle Ebooks.
1325:
1316:
1301:
1295:
1294:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1266:. Archived from
1260:
1254:
1253:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1229:
1227:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1188:
1186:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1149:
1126:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1110:on June 30, 2012
1092:
1086:
1085:
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1024:
994:
988:
969:
963:
962:
960:
958:
944:
938:
937:
935:
933:
916:
831:household wealth
819:
807:
795:
733:financial assets
706:
694:
672:green accounting
579:John Stuart Mill
539:say a year is a
373:John Stuart Mill
343:Physical capital
172:
169:
151:
144:
134:energy resources
129:inclusive wealth
89:growth economics
78:
59:financial assets
21:
3699:
3698:
3694:
3693:
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3690:
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3688:
3674:
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3672:
3667:
3643:
3576:
3572:Too big to fail
3550:
3517:
3469:
3411:
3390:Philanthropists
3336:
3279:
3211:
3134:
2990:
2984:
2954:
2949:
2931:Sharing economy
2921:Post-capitalism
2891:Green anarchism
2830:
2797:Anti-capitalism
2784:
2720:
2631:
2623:State-sponsored
2480:
2456:Property rights
2431:Nationalization
2341:Economic bubble
2299:
2289:
2284:
2176:
2132:
2117:
2115:Further reading
2112:
2102:
2100:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2072:
2070:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2043:
2039:
2033:Wayback Machine
2021:
2017:
2011:Wayback Machine
2001:
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1785:
1778:
1773:Wayback Machine
1752: •
1751:
1749:Wayback Machine
1740:, 2nd Edition.
1735:
1731:
1726:Wayback Machine
1709:Robert J. Barro
1707:
1703:
1690:
1684:Wayback Machine
1675:, 2nd Edition.
1668:
1664:
1649:
1645:
1639:Wayback Machine
1623:
1612:
1600:
1596:
1591:Wayback Machine
1580:Wayback Machine
1565:Partha Dasgupta
1563: •
1562:
1560:Wayback Machine
1543:David S. Landes
1541: •
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1111:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1079:
1077:
1076:. June 30, 2012
1066:
1065:
1061:
1055:Wayback Machine
1032:
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995:
991:
970:
966:
956:
954:
946:
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896:Quality of life
877:
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796:
785:
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713:
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711:
710:
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699:
698:
695:
684:
674:is a method of
668:non-market good
642:social security
558:national wealth
476:
465:
456:
409:
347:natural capital
299:social contract
191:hunter-gatherer
173:
167:
164:
157:needs expansion
142:
47:
28:
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15:
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3400:Endowment size
3394:
3393:
3392:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3346:
3344:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3322:Richest royals
3319:
3314:
3309:
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2773:
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2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2726:
2725:Social aspects
2722:
2721:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2649:American Dream
2646:
2641:
2639:
2633:
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2625:
2620:
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2595:
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2448:
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2438:
2433:
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2423:
2418:
2413:
2411:Market failure
2408:
2406:Market economy
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2366:Ecopreneurship
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2321:Centralization
2318:
2316:Business cycle
2313:
2307:
2305:
2301:
2300:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2283:
2282:
2275:
2268:
2260:
2254:
2253:
2217:(3107): 3107.
2196:
2175:978-1412965804
2174:
2158:Cato Institute
2144:Hamowy, Ronald
2135:
2130:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2080:
2050:
2037:
2015:
1995:
1980:
1945:
1931:
1906:
1881:
1856:
1834:
1808:
1802:978-0415243506
1801:
1776:
1729:
1701:
1662:
1651:Charles Tuttle
1643:
1594:
1522:
1491:
1488:. p. 419.
1476:
1461:
1436:
1416:
1396:
1376:
1353:
1335:
1317:
1296:
1281:
1255:
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1219:
1199:
1178:
1158:
1141:
1121:
1087:
1059:
1026:
1013:10.1086/467637
1007:(2): 227–242.
989:
985:978-1563247385
977:Dennis Pirages
964:
939:
910:
908:
905:
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903:
898:
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876:
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821:
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790:
789:
788:
787:
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781:Main article:
778:
775:
721:Marxist theory
708:
701:
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689:
688:
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686:
685:
683:
680:
626:social capital
464:
461:
455:
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408:
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231:In economics,
175:
174:
154:
152:
141:
138:
126:definition of
124:United Nations
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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3396:Universities
3395:
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3342:Organizations
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3225:Concentration
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3092:Nouveau riche
3089:
3088:
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2899:
2897:
2894:
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2887:
2884:
2882:
2881:Eco-socialism
2879:
2877:
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2446:Privatization
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2442:
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1941:
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843:Kuznets curve
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836:
835:human capital
832:
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806:
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772:
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767:working class
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646:present value
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639:
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622:human capital
619:
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586:
585:
580:
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554:wealth effect
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550:macroeconomic
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451:
449:
448:Credit Suisse
445:
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425:
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415:Countries by
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407:Global amount
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391:
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365:David Ricardo
362:
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155:This section
153:
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125:
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110:
104:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
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77:
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3630:
3622:
3609:
3595:
3587:
3523:Philanthropy
3505:
3304:
3230:Distribution
3216:
3207:Robber baron
3116:Veblen goods
3111:Luxury goods
3100:
3091:
2987:
2827:Wage slavery
2781:Unemployment
2761:Productivity
2692:Philanthropy
2553:Mercantilist
2530:
2501:Conservative
2475:
2336:Deregulation
2297:perspectives
2295:Aspects and
2214:
2208:
2148:
2121:
2101:. Retrieved
2097:the original
2092:
2083:
2071:. Retrieved
2067:the original
2060:
2053:
2045:
2040:
2035:. UNU-WIDER.
2024:
2018:
2013:. UNU-WIDER.
1998:
1954:
1948:
1934:
1909:
1884:
1859:
1852:M. E. Sharpe
1847:
1825:. Retrieved
1822:Investopedia
1821:
1811:
1792:
1757:
1737:
1732:
1717:, 8(6), pp.
1712:
1704:
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1665:
1646:
1625:
1614:
1606:
1597:
1568:
1546:
1534:
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1515:
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1439:
1428:
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1209:
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1168:
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1108:the original
1100:Ihdp.unu.edu
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1071:
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951:
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932:February 21,
930:. Retrieved
923:
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901:Working time
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850:Asia-Pacific
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777:Distribution
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656:through the
617:
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354:
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317:
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287:
284:accumulation
283:
281:
277:
230:
211:
200:
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182:Homo sapiens
180:
178:
168:January 2019
165:
161:adding to it
156:
127:
121:
105:
100:
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67:transactions
51:
50:
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3589:Das Kapital
3458:by category
3180:Millionaire
3146:Billionaire
3104:(old money)
3101:Vieux riche
3095:(new money)
3086:Upper class
2946:Syndicalism
2866:Communalism
2731:Corporatism
2707:Rule of law
2654:Consumerism
2644:Advertising
2543:Libertarian
2521:Free-market
2491:Anglo-Saxon
2471:Wage labour
2421:Meritocracy
2371:Externality
2326:Competition
2103:January 22,
2073:January 22,
1972:10986/36400
1573:Description
1484:Nietzsche.
1469:Aristotle.
1430:India Today
871:worldwide.
654:consumption
566:consumption
504:liabilities
437:Tim Harford
257:real estate
241:liabilities
222:real estate
71:Old English
3661:by country
3610:Superclass
3255:Management
3065:Plutocracy
2835:Antithesis
2766:Prosperity
2741:Employment
2688:Mainstream
2679:Liberalism
2603:Regulatory
2578:Neoliberal
2526:Humanistic
2511:Democratic
2466:Regulation
2331:Depression
2287:Capitalism
2184:2008009151
1850:. Armonk:
1719:1095–1111.
1697:Free Press
1531:Adam Smith
1454:August 29,
1274:August 27,
907:References
869:tax havens
650:investment
589:Adam Smith
484:accounting
395:Grundrisse
369:John Locke
361:Adam Smith
269:businesses
251:; and the
197:Adam Smith
18:Wealthiest
3494:Affluenza
3385:Charities
3250:Inherited
3245:Geography
3200:Ukrainian
3070:Plutonomy
3060:Overclass
3055:Oligarchy
2941:Socialism
2916:Mutualism
2871:Communism
2841:Anarchism
2790:Criticism
2771:Syndicate
2506:Corporate
2461:Recession
2436:Oligopoly
2401:Invention
2192:750831024
1990:244394817
1742:Abstract.
1621:Abstract.
1509:Economics
1410:Bloomberg
1021:153759163
630:net worth
618:financial
599:Karl Marx
529:at a date
492:net worth
490:) is the
480:economics
308:net worth
303:ownership
288:abundance
233:net worth
117:community
109:normative
101:Net worth
85:economics
3678:Category
3656:Category
3270:Religion
3260:National
3235:Dynastic
3190:Business
3185:Oligarch
3173:Business
2995:Concepts
2986:Extreme
2568:National
2563:Monopoly
2516:Dirigist
2485:Ideology
2249:32561753
2203:(2020).
2029:Archived
2007:Archived
1923:Archived
1898:Archived
1873:Archived
1827:June 13,
1769:Archived
1756:, 1994.
1745:Archived
1722:Archived
1680:Archived
1677:Abstract
1635:Archived
1605:, 1902.
1587:Archived
1576:Archived
1567:, 1993.
1556:Archived
1545:, 1998.
1533:, 1776.
1364:Archived
1309:Archived
1226:April 4,
1185:April 4,
1148:April 4,
1114:July 14,
1080:July 14,
1051:Archived
987:. (1996)
875:See also
865:trillion
839:trillion
763:pensions
433:trillion
349:and the
320:sciences
226:property
56:valuable
3555:Sayings
3478:Related
3195:Russian
3168:Magnate
2822:Marxism
2684:Liberty
2628:Welfare
2588:Private
2538:Liberal
2304:General
2240:7305220
2219:Bibcode
2146:(ed.).
1659:1008953
1584:review.
1553:Review.
1350:. Fink.
1193:between
1036:, 1987
614:capital
594:Capital
512:poverty
488:savings
401:poverty
292:poverty
253:capital
207:utility
187:trading
140:History
113:ethical
97:wealthy
3684:Wealth
3631:Wealth
3596:Plutus
3305:Forbes
3296:People
3240:Effect
3217:Wealth
3139:People
2988:wealth
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2476:Wealth
2451:Profit
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1766:links.
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983:
920:"weal"
746:, and
744:middle
616:) and
533:income
500:assets
496:nation
469:Saving
267:, and
261:stocks
249:income
237:assets
52:Wealth
38:,
34:,
3581:Media
3416:Other
3288:Lists
3265:Paper
3161:UHNWI
3050:Elite
2618:State
2608:Rhine
2558:Mixed
2142:. In
2063:2013"
1986:S2CID
1926:(PDF)
1919:(PDF)
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1869:(PDF)
1686:and
1655:JSTOR
1448:(PDF)
1017:S2CID
748:lower
740:upper
524:stock
265:bonds
218:money
214:value
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3616:List
2245:PMID
2188:OCLC
2180:LCCN
2170:ISBN
2154:Sage
2126:ISBN
2105:2014
2075:2014
1976:ISBN
1829:2021
1797:ISBN
1632:link
1582:and
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1276:2017
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