44:
434:(also in the family Cerambycidae) were thoroughly analyzed in a 2020 paper, which showed that the sensors, or sensilla throughout its body are largely consistent with those reported for other long-horned beetle species. Antennae on this species have predominantly olfactory and gustatory sensilla. On the joints and abdomen, the beetle holds most of its mechanical sensilla, possibly because these body parts are more involved in mechanical sensing. Other studies have supported that the density of sensors is closely related to their function.
53:
295:
developing in
Juniperus and Picea abies. Sometimes eggs hatch out of firewood that has been brought into the house to dry over winter. The eggs are laid under the bark, and larvae initially live there, consuming the plant matter. When about half-grown they tunnel into the xylem of the host organism. When fully grown, they construct a pupal cell, parallel to the wood grain, around 3-5cm long at the end of the tunnel. Pupation occurs either during September or October or in the spring of the following year.
66:
899:
1296:
1280:
352:, the "licking" is combined with a "tapping" movement, when the male rhythmically "ducks" their head towards the female's thorax, "lick-tapping" them. This is very likely a stimulus for the female's sake, but there is a research gap here, as it may also be a stimulus to the male. During this "lick-tapping" movement, chemoreceptors in the palps would have a concentrated smell of the female.
192:
533:
This species was named by Carl
Linnaeus in 1758. It was added to the suborder polyphaga by Emery in 1886. In 1802, Latreille added it to the superfamily chrysomeloidea, the family cerambycidae and the subfamily cerambycinae. Additionally, in 1839, Mulsant added it to the tribe clytini and Laicharting
449:
Adults in the
Cerambycidae family are attracted to plant volatile chemicals (from inflorescences fed on by adults as well as from trunk and leaf volatiles of larval hosts), to the pheromones of bark beetles, and to their own long- and short-range sex pheromones. Non-host plant chemicals in some cases
602:
These include the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, the 18S ribosomal RNA gene, partial Su(var)3-9 gene exons 1-3 and partial eIF2g gene exons 1-2 and joined CDS features, partial eIF2g gene exon 7 and partial Su(var)3-9 gene exon 8,
491:
Saproxylic beetles (beetles dependent on dead and decaying wood for their lifecycle) play an essential role in these ecosystems by taking part in decomposition processes essential for the nutrient cycle and by interacting with other groups of organisms which are also important for the well-being and
347:
In this species and other similar ones, "licking" behaviour by the male is also described in studies one or more times during courtship. This is described as the palps exerting a stroking action on the back of the female. In some species, this movement only occurs when the female is restless, so it
321:
adults provision dung for their offspring in tunnels until the larva matures. Horned males assist females considerably in tunnel excavation and transport of dung, while hornless males spend their energy instead on mate-securing behaviours. This varies with the number of potential competitors in the
585:
Up until 2021, the tribe
Clytini was considered monophyletic based on morphological analysis. A study published in 2021 challenged this hypothesis using three mitochondrial genes 12S rRNA 16S rRNA COI and two nuclear genes 18S rRNA 28S rRNA. It showed that the tribe contains three distinct clades.
473:
Although as mentioned above, it is theorized that the
Batesian mimicry exhibited by the Wasp Beetle is to avoid predation, there is little research on its effectiveness. Recent research done in 2023 investigated this and an overall difference in predation between mimics and beetles without mimicry
249:
It reaches 9–18 millimetres (0.35–0.71 in) in length. It features prominent yellow and black patterns along its head and abdomen, in what is believed to be an evolutionary attempt to mimic wasps and avoid predation. It also possesses thin legs and antennae that move in small, quick movements,
414:
This behaviour by insects of mimicking other species was first articulated by Henry Walter Bates in the
Brazilian rainforest. He observed a day-flying moth mimicking a wasp and wrote "the imitation is intended to protect the otherwise defenceless insect by deceiving insectivorous animals, which
355:
In a few beetles within the same subfamily
Lepturinae, the males establish copulation by mounting the females with their head placed over the female's and grasping an antenna with their mouthparts. They pull on the antennae until they are copulating, with the male's abdomen probing down to make
495:
Significant long-term concerns for
Saproxylic species include loss of habitat due to logging and wood harvesting and the decline of older, old-growth trees throughout the landscape, as well as the lack of land management strategies aimed at recruiting new tree generations. More short-term and
294:
The larvae live in warm, dry dead wood, such as fence posts and dead branches. They particularly favour willow and birch, but have been seen using a wide range of broadleaf species including Acer, Betula, Castanea, Crataegus, Fagus, Pyrus, Tilia, Salix and Ulmus. They have also been recorded
383:. It also emanates a wasp buzz-like noise when threatened, even though it is harmless. They can be seen wandering around on flowers from late spring to early summer, and they are easily mistaken for wasps. They are not to be confused with another wasp-mimicking longhorn beetle,
198:
196:
193:
285:
The wasp beetle's habitat includes farmlands, woodlands and towns and gardens. Adults may be seen visiting flowers far from any obviously suitable habitat, such as in flower pots in urban areas. For breeding areas, it prefers hedgerow vegetation and well-wooded areas.
450:
repel
Cerambycids during host selection and some Cerambycids may use defensive compounds to avoid predation. Chemical cues also regulate oviposition through stimulating the female at available host plants and through deterrence at occupied or unsuitable host plants.
197:
458:
Adult wasp beetles feed on pollen and occasionally small insects. It has been hypothesized that this may be particularly so for the female to provide protein for egg production. Among the most frequently visited flowers by adults are Umbels (Apiaceae) and dog rose.
356:
contact with the female's ovipositor. With copulation undergoing successfully, the male then releases the antennae and performs the aforementioned "lick-tapping" movement to calm the female. Copulation in total lasts 10 to 40 minutes, with an average of 20 minutes.
474:
was not observed, but predation risk increased with canopy openness, bird abundance, and exposure time, which peaked in July. This shows that environmental factors have a higher importance for predation risk than the actual coloration of the beetles.
195:
367:
The adult beetle has a relatively short life, emerging in May to find a mate and reproduce. Once mated, the adult generation will die at the end of the summer, leaving offspring to emerge either in the Fall or in the next Spring.
492:
economy of the ecosystem, such as mites, nematodes, bacteria and fungi. Beetles carry these organisms from tree to tree, aiding their spread throughout the habitat. Beetles also play a major role in pollination.
250:
which supports the wasp-mimicking hypothesis. It has relatively short antennae compared to other beetles of the same Family. Usually, other longhorn beetles will also have more pointed bodies in comparison.
260:
The wasp beetle has very little variation in its markings, and colour varieties are very rare. A variety lacking the yellow V shaped elytral mark (var. medioniger Allen) is described by Allen (1959). See
276:
The wasp beetle is widespread in
England and Wales, and rare in Scotland. It has also been spotted throughout Europe, ranging from Portugal to Southwestern Russia and Southern Norway to Southern Italy.
427:
specifically has not been done, but there is some research available about other beetles in the family Cerambycidae. This presents another interesting research opportunity for this species.
379:
The wasp beetle flies well in sunshine from May to July, often visiting flowers for pollen and nectar. It is harmless but is protected by its wasp-like colours and movements, making it a
514:
is especially economically important due to its level of pollination, since adults rely on pollen for sustenance. This is important for many economic activities such as agriculture.
344:
is quite dated, with many sources from the 1960s. A paper from 1963 states that both male and female wasp beetles engage in a "courtship song", without offering further explanation.
194:
415:
persecute the moth, but avoid the wasp." This behaviour is overwhelmingly seen in tropical insects, but has also been seen in vertebrates, invertebrates, and plants.
364:
The entire life cycle of the wasp beetle generally takes two years but adults have been known to finish development and emerge from furniture after several years.
558:
522:
This is a common species of no concern. It is widespread in England and Wales, being fairly common in Leicestershire and Rutland. It is scarcer in Scotland.
488:
and other Cerambycidae beetles are only a small part of the biodiversity of many ecosystems throughout Europe, as well as Mediterranean ecosystems in Spain.
1074:
Goßmann, Anika; Ambrožová, Lucie; Cizek, Lukas; Drag, Lukas; Georgiev, Kostadin; Neudam, Liane; Perlík, Michal; Seidel, Dominik; Thorn, Simon (March 2023).
741:
254:
603:
partial eIF2g gene exons 3-6 and partial Su(var)3-9 gene exons 4-7, heterochromatin protein sequence, and the initiation factor 2 gamma sequence.
1529:
325:
Although this information is about an unrelated beetle, it opens a window of possibilities into what could be found with further research on
1076:"Habitat openness and predator abundance determine predation risk of warningly colored longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) in temperate forest"
496:
localized threats come from sanitation works and the removal of old trees due to safety concerns in places subject to intense human use.
1477:
941:
856:"Facultative paternal investment in the polyphenic beetle Onthophagus taurus: the role of male morphology and social context"
595:
1585:
776:
477:
More studies are needed to support this conclusion, however, since this is the only study to date analyzing this effect.
976:
Dong, Zishu; Yang, Yubin; Dou, Fugen; Zhang, Yujing; Huang, Huixin; Zheng, Xialin; Wang, Xiaoyun; Lu, Wen (March 2020).
1580:
1438:
1368:
1142:"Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) richness in Mediterranean landscapes of Spain: diversity and community structure analysis"
951:
704:
310:
or the family Cerambycidae. Other beetles, however, have some decades-old research available, such as dung beetles.
1456:
1534:
1251:
607:
1469:
1284:
900:"Observations On the Sexual Behaviour of Some Longicorn Beetles, Subfamily Lepturinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)"
181:
317:, for example, parental investment in offspring varies based on environmental conditions, especially for males.
633:
1075:
1516:
977:
565:
508:
and other Saproxylic beetles are economically important due to their maintenance role in many ecosystems.
337:
Reproduction in this species happens when adult beetles emerge throughout Spring and lay eggs in deadwood.
1503:
1391:
1386:
978:"Observations on the Ultrastructure of Antennal Sensilla of Adult Glenea cantor (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae)"
17:
1575:
557:, named by Roubal in 1932. These subspecies, however, are not supported by genetic data as seen in the
855:
1354:
1300:
65:
1227:
599:
406:
1316:
525:
The Wasp Beetle is native to where it is found throughout Europe, according to recent sources.
1035:
160:
1547:
1412:
662:
1040:
Evolutionary, Mechanistic and Environmental Approaches to Chemically-Mediated Interactions
394:
8:
43:
1100:
638:
1002:
60:
442:
Similar to the above section, there is no research available for the communication of
257:
for a very detailed physical description that can be used for species identification.
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1399:
1195:
1141:
1105:
1007:
947:
943:
Ecology and Biomechanics - A Mechanical Approach to the Ecology of Animals and Plants
371:
Adults can be spotted foraging for food or looking for mates from April until July.
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52:
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Larvae feed on dry deciduous deadwood where they are also housed for the winter.
226:
127:
1521:
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1339:
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268:
Its larvae are small white grubs that live in deadwood, like old fence posts.
1564:
1443:
1091:
993:
298:
Adults feed on flowers along woodland rides and hedgerows during the summer.
177:
1508:
1232:
National Library of Medicine - National Centre for Biotechnology Information
1196:"Іs clytini monophyletic? The evidence from five-gene phylogenetic analysis"
915:
1109:
1011:
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538:
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834:
Nature Spot - wildlife and wild places of Leicestershire & Rutland
1425:
97:
77:
1310:
657:
1430:
1333:
1295:
1036:"A review of the chemical ecology of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera)"
614:
publicly available, but no whole genome has been recorded to date.
229:
1417:
1140:
Peris-Felipo, Francisco Javier; Jimenez-Peydro, Ricardo (2012).
1034:
Allison, J. D.; Borden, J. H.; Seybold, S. J. (September 2004).
1363:
1279:
262:
237:
137:
117:
107:
87:
233:
223:
600:
National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) GenBank
586:
These are still unnamed, and further research is warranted.
946:. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis Group. p. 213.
306:
There is no research available about the parental roles of
219:
1139:
940:
Herrel, Anthony; Speck, Thomas; Rowe, Nicholas P. (2006).
1171:"species - Wasp Beetle - Clytus arietis (Linnaeus, 1758)"
1073:
470:
The most common predators of the wasp beetle are birds.
564:
Although this species is well documented throughout the
423:
Research about the senses and communication methods of
446:, but there is research for the family Cerambycidae.
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935:
933:
931:
348:has been proposed that it is a calming action. For
340:Research around sexual behaviours and courtship of
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389:. Other similar species commonly confused for the
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594:Several genes have been analyzed as part of the
1200:Proceedings of the State Natural History Museum
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634:The importance of dead and decaying wood
430:As an example, the senses of the species
1193:
190:
854:Moczek, Armin Philipp (November 1999).
679:at the Watford Coleoptera Group website
534:added it to the genus Clytus in 1784.
244:
14:
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1470:9210ca06-b5f4-4a35-a9f5-1fd60ff8021e
1244:
1220:
528:
271:
24:
1252:"TAXONOMY BROWSER: Clytus arietis"
629:Map of distribution of Wasp beetle
610:also has genetic information from
608:Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD)
559:Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD)
480:
25:
1597:
1272:
1194:Zamoroka, A. M. (December 2021).
589:
553:named by Ganglbauer in 1881, and
301:
1294:
1278:
541:, there are three subspecies of
437:
64:
575:
332:
1208:10.36885/nzdpm.2021.37.191-214
830:"Wasp Beetle - Clytus arietis"
668:
651:
453:
289:
13:
1:
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596:International Barcode of Life
566:Biodiversity Heritage Library
639:NBN Atlas for varied sources
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465:
374:
7:
1586:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
617:
572:can be found at this time.
549:named by Linnaeus in 1758,
359:
10:
1602:
280:
1581:Beetles described in 1758
1323:
1080:Journal of Insect Science
1052:10.1007/s00049-004-0277-1
982:Journal of Insect Science
598:and are available in the
418:
166:
159:
61:Scientific classification
59:
50:
41:
34:
898:Michelsen, Axel (1963).
916:10.1163/156853963X00338
872:10.1093/beheco/10.6.641
1092:10.1093/jisesa/iead027
994:10.1093/jisesa/ieaa013
555:Clytus arietis oblitus
547:Clytus arietis arietis
206:
551:Clytus arietis lederi
402:Xylotrechus undulatus
201:
1465:Fauna Europaea (new)
1291:at Wikimedia Commons
1146:Biodiversity Journal
663:Encyclopedia of Life
504:As mentioned above,
408:Plagionotus arcuatus
313:For the dung beetle
245:Physical description
709:The Wildlife Trusts
518:Conservation status
500:Economic importance
860:Behavioral Ecology
315:Onthophagus taurus
207:
1576:Beetles of Europe
1558:
1557:
1543:Open Tree of Life
1317:Taxon identifiers
1283:Media related to
199:
189:
188:
27:Species of insect
16:(Redirected from
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1522:NBNSYS0000011045
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1046:(3–4): 123–150.
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910:(1–2): 152–166.
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836:. Clook Internet
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742:"Clytus arietis"
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658:"Clytus arietis"
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624:Batesian mimicry
545:, which include
529:Taxonomic status
386:Rutpela maculata
272:Geographic range
263:more information
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1202:(37): 191–214.
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396:Clytus ruricola
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227:longhorn beetle
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1452:Fauna Europaea
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1369:clytus-arietis
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1355:Clytus arietis
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1325:Clytus arietis
1321:
1320:
1309:
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1307:at Wikispecies
1303:Clytus arietis
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1273:External links
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1491:iNaturalist
1349:Wikispecies
1256:BOLDSystems
454:Food habits
290:Development
216:wasp beetle
18:Wasp beetle
1565:Categories
1261:2024-04-05
1237:2024-04-05
1213:2024-03-31
1180:2024-04-05
1156:2024-03-31
1152:(1): 59–68
1115:2024-03-31
1057:2024-03-31
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959:2024-03-31
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877:2024-03-31
840:2024-03-31
810:2024-02-24
786:2024-03-31
751:2024-02-24
746:UK Beetles
714:2024-02-23
645:References
405:, and the
118:Coleoptera
98:Arthropoda
1175:BioLib.cz
1086:(2): 16.
904:Behaviour
581:Phylogeny
539:BioLib.cz
466:Predation
375:Behaviour
319:O. taurus
224:mimicking
146:Species:
84:Kingdom:
78:Eukaryota
1376:BioLib:
1340:Q1281161
1334:Wikidata
1110:37116058
1101:10146197
1012:32191795
988:(2): 7.
618:See also
360:Lifespan
218:, is a
178:Linnaeus
124:Family:
94:Phylum:
88:Animalia
74:Domain:
1571:Clytini
1483:7994366
1418:3410678
1003:7082121
660:at the
281:Habitat
232:in the
230:species
134:Genus:
114:Order:
108:Insecta
104:Class:
1548:444175
1535:132597
1509:113391
1496:124540
1457:114513
1444:115948
1431:CLYUAR
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1364:ARKive
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419:Senses
399:, the
322:area.
238:Clytus
214:, the
139:Clytus
1439:EUNIS
1379:11162
568:, no
234:genus
1530:NCBI
1478:GBIF
1426:EPPO
1405:WFBL
1387:BOLD
1106:PMID
1008:PMID
948:ISBN
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255:here
253:See
220:wasp
182:1758
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