184:
Flight tests of the WS-124A balloon system started on 8 October 1954; by 13 December, 41 balloons had been launched, 25 of which were fully operational test flights. Even allowing for the expected inaccuracy, however, only six of the balloons reached their intended target area, while five more were
147:
were considered to be sufficiently accurate to forecast approximately three days of wind patterns, the design flight duration was for 60 hours, in which they were expected to cover a distance of 1,500 nautical miles (1,700 mi; 2,800 km). The WS-124A balloon was designed to be capable of
185:
considered to be close enough. This was not considered an acceptable level of accuracy, and in August 1955 the WS-124A program was cancelled, the conclusion being that the weather forecasts were simply not accurate enough for the system to be operationally feasible. In addition, the advent of
151:
It was accepted that there would be an inherent inaccuracy in the concept; the expected target area was 360 nautical miles (410 mi; 670 km) by 480 nautical miles (550 mi; 890 km), which was considered acceptable as the designed payloads involved
1996:
1933:
1518:
1398:
1545:
540:
164:, for starting forest fires, were also considered as a payload. It was believed that releasing chemical or biological agents from the balloons could contaminate an area "comparable in size to that affected by a low-yield
2723:
2425:
1600:
2036:
1570:
1792:
1615:
1416:
562:
1762:
3130:
1941:
1882:
2013:
1787:
885:
1610:
2733:
2413:
1605:
1302:
1294:
1802:
1528:
1110:
1088:
3167:
2298:
2283:
1973:
3061:
2875:
2129:
2056:
1583:
1558:
2833:
2445:
2001:
1961:
1921:
1324:
2820:
2773:
2658:
1386:
1349:
2475:
2081:
1832:
515:
1988:
1827:
1740:
2853:
2608:
2603:
1446:
1058:
2613:
1373:
827:
1441:
1221:
1698:
3326:
2313:
642:
609:
108:
on enemy targets. Tested in late 1954, the project was found to be unfeasible from the standpoint of accuracy, and the project was terminated the following year.
1565:
3227:
3152:
2380:
1426:
3336:
535:
3283:
2023:
3341:
2488:
2031:
1978:
1869:
1730:
1703:
1595:
3197:
3125:
3081:
2923:
2918:
2905:
2828:
2815:
2760:
2750:
2745:
2630:
2568:
2249:
2239:
2159:
2018:
1807:
1782:
1628:
1553:
1314:
1309:
3091:
2738:
2710:
2695:
2690:
2663:
2635:
2535:
2530:
1946:
3316:
3036:
2883:
2790:
2778:
2520:
2515:
2495:
2470:
1421:
386:
1951:
1098:
3311:
2870:
2795:
2718:
2653:
2625:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2435:
2390:
2370:
2320:
2270:
2227:
2222:
2209:
2197:
2192:
2177:
2172:
2149:
2139:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2071:
2051:
1894:
1745:
1725:
1663:
1658:
1503:
1433:
1391:
1234:
1229:
937:
734:
709:
664:
647:
629:
619:
3207:
2043:
1533:
2061:
1904:
1840:
1144:
3331:
2888:
354:
312:
1186:
1137:
124:, the United States Air Force initiated WS-124A in early 1953 to develop a method of delivering weaponry to targets in the
1575:
1366:
1633:
1670:
1406:
847:
1750:
1120:
1115:
1093:
624:
379:
2086:
1815:
1755:
477:
132:; such a capability was considered potentially valuable in the event of a limited nuclear conflict, or in a "
2993:
1132:
917:
837:
777:
139:
The WS-124A balloons were intended to fly at altitudes of roughly 38,600 feet (11,800 m), within the
1983:
1911:
1411:
986:
953:
173:
105:
1513:
1475:
1378:
968:
832:
797:
760:
572:
415:
372:
3321:
3217:
1857:
1767:
1710:
1490:
1480:
1284:
1053:
547:
2330:
1715:
1272:
765:
190:
133:
3157:
2076:
1862:
1361:
1252:
1204:
1103:
557:
552:
420:
395:
172:
were also considered for carriage by WS-124A. In addition, the ability of the balloons to spread
97:
59:
2963:
1003:
852:
792:
770:
442:
3253:
2430:
2400:
2345:
1777:
1344:
1209:
1181:
1149:
927:
410:
323:
121:
1916:
1820:
1125:
998:
991:
427:
186:
8:
2325:
1675:
1463:
1339:
684:
530:
364:
157:
2935:
2420:
2308:
1772:
1645:
1191:
2988:
1485:
1356:
817:
520:
350:
308:
81:
2983:
2948:
2848:
1797:
872:
699:
654:
634:
161:
153:
144:
129:
328:
Directory of U.S. Military
Rockets and Missiles, Appendix 4: Undesignated Vehicles
1845:
1498:
1267:
1257:
1068:
787:
584:
2510:
1966:
1926:
1078:
1046:
1033:
880:
679:
342:
165:
3305:
2408:
1588:
1279:
907:
807:
752:
567:
487:
3273:
2278:
1640:
1540:
1458:
963:
867:
594:
589:
579:
437:
202:
125:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2913:
2858:
2563:
2335:
1262:
1041:
1008:
857:
729:
689:
460:
455:
432:
148:
launching in wind speeds of up to 30 knots (35 mph; 56 km/h).
2670:
2483:
1899:
1877:
1623:
724:
719:
169:
140:
2573:
2525:
2293:
897:
207:
3071:
3066:
2618:
2091:
117:
101:
2244:
714:
604:
2953:
1690:
193:" scenario WS-124A was intended for appear an impossibility.
120:
program to develop long-distance, high-altitude balloons for
2958:
305:
Balloons at War: Gasbags, Flying Bombs and Cold War
Secrets
394:
347:
The Moby Dick
Project: Reconnaissance Balloons Over Russia
349:. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
136:" scenario following a massive nuclear exchange.
3327:Abandoned military projects of the United States
3303:
176:across enemy territory was considered useful.
380:
302:
387:
373:
111:
3337:United States biological weapons program
284:
282:
272:
270:
244:
242:
240:
230:
228:
3304:
321:
307:. Stroud, England: Tempus Publishing.
179:
3342:Chemical weapons of the United States
368:
279:
267:
260:
258:
256:
254:
237:
225:
341:
16:U.S. Air Force balloon bomb program
13:
3317:Biological weapon delivery systems
14:
3353:
322:Parsch, Andreas (21 March 2006).
251:
3312:Chemical weapon delivery systems
295:
1:
213:
3332:Aircraft first flown in 1954
218:
7:
196:
168:". Some sources claim that
106:weapons of mass destruction
10:
3358:
303:Christopher, John (2004).
3292:
3241:
3105:
3024:
2263:
2122:
1245:
946:
745:
403:
21:
288:Christopher 2004, p.184.
3294:Unknown or not assigned
396:United States Air Force
98:United States Air Force
96:, was a project of the
60:United States Air Force
324:"WS-124A Flying Cloud"
112:Design and development
330:. Designation-Systems
187:thermonuclear weapons
122:aerial reconnaissance
104:to deliver bombs and
100:to use high-altitude
92:, given the codename
22:WS-124A Flying Cloud
276:Peebles 1991, p.129.
248:Peebles 1991, p.131.
234:Peebles 1991, p.128.
180:Operational history
174:propaganda leaflets
158:biological weaponry
90:Weapon System 124A
56:Primary user
3299:
3298:
356:978-1-5609-8025-4
314:978-0-7524-2995-3
145:weather forecasts
130:hydrogen balloons
87:
86:
82:Project Moby Dick
3349:
3322:Balloon weaponry
3280:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3250:
3234:
3224:
3214:
3204:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3164:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3119:
3114:
3098:
3088:
3078:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3033:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2942:
2932:
2902:
2897:
2867:
2842:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2787:
2767:
2757:
2707:
2702:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2647:
2642:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2507:
2502:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2442:
2397:
2387:
2377:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2342:
2256:
2236:
2216:
2206:
2186:
2166:
2156:
2146:
2136:
2010:
1891:
1854:
1737:
1722:
1687:
1682:
1652:
1472:
1455:
1336:
1331:
1321:
1291:
1218:
1198:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1085:
1075:
1065:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
980:
975:
960:
934:
924:
914:
904:
894:
864:
844:
824:
814:
804:
784:
706:
696:
676:
671:
661:
616:
509:
504:
499:
494:
484:
474:
469:
449:
389:
382:
375:
366:
365:
360:
338:
336:
335:
318:
289:
286:
277:
274:
265:
262:
249:
246:
235:
232:
162:incendiary bombs
78:
68:
40:
32:Type of aircraft
19:
18:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3288:
3278:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3248:
3237:
3232:
3222:
3212:
3202:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3162:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3117:
3112:
3101:
3096:
3086:
3076:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3031:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2940:
2930:
2900:
2895:
2865:
2840:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2785:
2765:
2755:
2705:
2700:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2645:
2640:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2505:
2500:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2440:
2395:
2385:
2375:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2340:
2259:
2254:
2234:
2214:
2204:
2184:
2164:
2154:
2144:
2134:
2118:
2008:
1889:
1852:
1735:
1720:
1685:
1680:
1650:
1470:
1453:
1334:
1329:
1319:
1289:
1241:
1216:
1196:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1083:
1073:
1063:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
978:
973:
958:
942:
932:
922:
912:
902:
892:
862:
842:
822:
812:
802:
782:
741:
704:
694:
674:
669:
659:
614:
507:
502:
497:
492:
482:
472:
467:
447:
399:
393:
363:
357:
343:Peebles, Curtis
333:
331:
315:
298:
293:
292:
287:
280:
275:
268:
263:
252:
247:
238:
233:
226:
221:
216:
199:
191:broken-back war
182:
114:
76:
66:
51:8 October 1954
39:National origin
38:
33:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3355:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3297:
3296:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3245:
3243:
3239:
3238:
3236:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3128:
3120:
3115:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2843:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2776:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2736:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2492:
2491:
2486:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2411:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2303:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2288:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2273:
2267:
2265:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2231:
2230:
2225:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2187:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2096:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2046:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2034:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1936:
1931:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1909:
1908:
1907:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1880:
1872:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1855:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1843:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1701:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1562:
1561:
1556:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1531:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1516:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1501:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1467:
1466:
1456:
1451:
1450:
1449:
1444:
1436:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1401:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1389:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1276:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
995:
994:
989:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
950:
948:
944:
943:
941:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
889:
888:
883:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
774:
773:
768:
763:
755:
749:
747:
743:
742:
740:
739:
738:
737:
732:
727:
722:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
651:
650:
645:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
576:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
545:
544:
543:
538:
533:
525:
524:
523:
518:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
464:
463:
458:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
424:
423:
413:
407:
405:
401:
400:
398:system numbers
392:
391:
384:
377:
369:
362:
361:
355:
339:
319:
313:
299:
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50:
48:First flight
47:
46:
42:
37:
36:
29:
26:
25:
20:
599:
346:
332:. Retrieved
327:
304:
296:Bibliography
203:Fire balloon
183:
150:
138:
126:Soviet Union
115:
94:Flying Cloud
93:
89:
88:
67:Number built
30:Bomb balloon
264:Parsch 2006
170:dirty bombs
160:, although
134:broken-back
3306:Categories
334:2017-12-10
214:References
141:jet stream
1205:A/B/E/F/N
219:Citations
208:Bat bomb
197:See also
154:chemical
102:balloons
3279:957–967
3249:900–951
3242:900–999
3233:847–899
3223:835–845
3203:824–831
3163:808–816
3106:800–899
3097:755–799
3087:746–753
3032:700–735
3025:700–799
2409:A/B (I)
2264:600–699
2255:593–599
2235:581–589
2215:571–579
2205:561–569
2185:551–559
2165:543–549
2155:531–541
2145:521–529
2135:501–519
2123:500–599
1246:400–499
1217:381–397
1197:338–379
947:300–399
933:280–298
923:240–278
913:227–238
746:200–299
705:143–197
404:100–199
118:WS-119L
3131:L (II)
2994:S (II)
2724:A (II)
2659:A (II)
2414:B (II)
2037:L (II)
1821:L (II)
1559:G (II)
1417:M (II)
353:
311:
128:using
3126:L (I)
2989:S (I)
2719:A (I)
2654:A (I)
2057:L (I)
2032:L (I)
1816:L (I)
1554:G (I)
1412:M (I)
1258:B/C/N
143:; as
27:Role
3122:802
2945:695
2910:691
2880:687
2845:683
2825:681
2770:672
2730:666
2715:665
2650:655
2580:649
2560:648
2480:634
2405:621
2305:603
2290:602
2275:601
2219:580
2189:560
2169:550
2098:499
2068:498
2048:497
2028:495
1993:490
1958:485
1938:484
1874:478
1837:474
1812:471
1695:451
1655:445
1620:441
1580:435
1550:431
1525:428
1510:427
1495:426
1438:418
1403:416
1383:414
1299:405
1226:399
1201:380
1038:315
983:306
877:222
757:201
639:132
527:118
512:117
452:107
351:ISBN
309:ISBN
156:and
3284:968
3274:956
3269:855
3264:854
3259:853
3254:952
3228:846
3218:834
3213:833
3208:832
3198:823
3193:822
3188:821
3183:820
3178:819
3173:818
3168:817
3158:807
3153:806
3148:805
3143:804
3138:803
3118:801
3113:800
3092:754
3082:745
3077:744
3072:743
3067:742
3062:741
3057:740
3052:739
3047:738
3042:737
3037:736
3016:699
3011:698
3006:697
3001:696
2941:694
2936:693
2931:692
2906:690
2901:689
2896:688
2876:686
2871:685
2866:684
2841:682
2821:680
2816:679
2811:678
2806:677
2801:676
2796:675
2791:674
2786:673
2779:M/P
2766:671
2761:670
2756:669
2751:668
2746:667
2739:C/P
2711:664
2706:663
2701:662
2696:661
2691:660
2686:659
2681:658
2676:657
2671:656
2646:654
2641:653
2636:652
2631:651
2626:650
2556:647
2551:646
2546:645
2541:644
2536:643
2531:642
2526:641
2521:640
2516:639
2511:638
2506:637
2501:636
2496:635
2476:633
2471:632
2466:631
2461:630
2456:629
2451:628
2446:627
2441:626
2436:625
2431:624
2426:623
2421:622
2401:620
2396:619
2391:618
2386:617
2381:616
2376:615
2371:614
2366:613
2361:612
2356:611
2351:610
2346:609
2341:608
2336:607
2331:606
2326:605
2321:604
2271:600
2250:592
2245:591
2240:590
2210:570
2160:542
2150:530
2140:520
2130:500
2044:496
2024:494
2019:493
2014:492
2009:491
1989:489
1984:488
1979:487
1974:486
1934:483
1927:M/Z
1912:482
1900:481
1895:480
1890:479
1870:477
1858:476
1853:475
1833:473
1828:472
1808:470
1803:469
1798:468
1793:467
1788:466
1783:465
1778:464
1773:463
1768:462
1763:461
1751:460
1746:459
1741:458
1736:457
1731:456
1726:455
1721:454
1716:453
1711:452
1691:450
1686:449
1681:448
1676:447
1671:446
1651:444
1646:443
1641:442
1616:440
1611:439
1606:438
1601:437
1596:436
1576:434
1571:433
1566:432
1546:430
1541:429
1491:425
1486:424
1481:423
1476:422
1471:421
1464:L/W
1459:420
1454:419
1434:417
1399:415
1379:413
1374:412
1357:411
1340:410
1335:409
1330:408
1325:407
1320:406
1295:404
1290:403
1285:402
1280:401
1268:G/H
1253:400
1222:398
1192:337
1187:336
1182:335
1177:334
1172:333
1167:332
1162:331
1157:330
1145:329
1133:328
1121:327
1116:326
1111:325
1104:M/N
1094:324
1089:323
1084:322
1079:321
1074:320
1069:319
1064:318
1059:317
1054:316
1047:A-2
1042:A-1
1034:314
1029:313
1024:312
1019:311
1014:310
1009:309
1004:308
999:307
987:A/L
979:305
974:304
969:303
964:302
959:301
954:300
938:299
928:279
918:239
908:226
903:225
898:224
893:223
873:221
868:220
863:219
858:218
853:217
848:216
843:215
838:214
833:213
828:212
823:211
818:210
813:209
808:208
803:207
798:206
793:205
788:204
783:203
778:202
766:B/W
761:A/L
753:200
715:199
710:198
700:142
695:141
690:140
685:139
680:138
675:137
670:136
665:135
660:134
655:133
635:131
630:130
625:129
620:128
615:127
610:126
605:125
600:124
595:123
590:122
585:121
580:120
553:C/F
548:119
508:116
503:115
498:114
493:113
488:112
483:111
478:110
473:109
468:108
461:A-2
456:A-1
448:106
443:105
438:104
433:103
428:102
416:101
411:100
71:41
3308::
345:.
326:.
281:^
269:^
253:^
239:^
227:^
2984:R
2979:Q
2974:P
2969:N
2964:L
2959:C
2954:B
2949:A
2924:Z
2919:X
2914:C
2889:P
2884:J
2859:V
2854:J
2849:A
2834:E
2829:D
2774:A
2734:A
2664:P
2619:P
2614:L
2609:F
2604:E
2599:D
2594:C
2589:B
2584:A
2574:P
2569:D
2564:A
2489:B
2484:A
2314:L
2309:A
2299:L
2294:A
2284:L
2279:A
2228:E
2223:A
2198:F
2193:A
2178:E
2173:A
2112:D
2107:C
2102:A
2092:L
2087:E
2082:D
2077:C
2072:A
2062:L
2052:A
2002:M
1997:L
1967:Z
1962:L
1952:N
1947:M
1942:L
1922:L
1917:E
1905:L
1883:T
1878:A
1863:E
1846:N
1841:L
1756:L
1704:L
1699:D
1664:M
1659:L
1634:L
1629:D
1624:A
1589:L
1584:A
1534:L
1529:A
1519:M
1514:L
1504:M
1499:L
1447:M
1442:L
1427:Q
1422:P
1407:L
1392:M
1387:L
1367:L
1362:E
1350:L
1345:E
1315:D
1310:C
1303:B
1273:M
1263:E
1235:B
1230:A
1210:P
1150:F
1138:E
1126:E
1099:L
992:B
886:G
881:A
771:E
735:Y
730:D
725:C
720:B
648:B
643:A
573:Y
568:T
563:L
558:E
541:P
536:L
531:A
521:M
516:L
421:P
388:e
381:t
374:v
359:.
337:.
317:.
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