583:. The Bessarabian journalist merged his rejection of Romanian modernism into his discourse on the regional issue, arguing: "We, as Bessarabians, are pleased that the Bessarabian folk is impervious to the poisoned heat radiating from present-day Romanian culture." According to Burlacu, the use of traditionalist rhetoric is also observable in those articles which speak of Bessarabia's identity, in the magazine's critique of modernist poet
934:, who argued: "The Russians have plundered, robbed, humiliated us , defiled our spirit, destroyed our language, stole our land, colonized it with other plundering populations, and they have murdered our Romanian being". Pelivan's essay reflected on the impact of Russification and its conflict with unionism, all the way back to the
36:
665:—the multitudes should follow him, so that, once in communion with his songs, they may build themselves a future without any lies". The critic encouraged Cavarnali to pursue this tendency, in order to provide his readers with "the Great Poem of the native, Bessarabian, soul". Costenco was also a promoter of Robot's
1000:
years quite another. Still, they had many things in common, among which dogmatism, an anti-Romanian attitude and a cultural disaster were the most important." Lungu, who writes about
Costenco's failed attempts at reaching a compromise with the Soviet authorities, finds that the Bessarabian author
823:
According to Alina
Ciobanu-Tofan, "for 13 years, has had a fruitful activity (without equivalent in its epoch) in the area of Romanian culture in Bessarabia, discovering talents, generating and propagating unprecedented values". She notes that the progresses registered by Halippa and Costenco's
684:
victim: "The creative soul, tormented in so many ways, finds itself in continuous disorientation. Creation is merely the proof of one's search for support, search for certitudes". He argued in favor of a poetry that based itself primarily on musicality, and, aligning himself with
Symbolist and
991:
Discussing the manner in which the Soviet takeover had effected both cultural separation and the promotion of
Moldovenism, Ion Simuţ writes about the ensuing paradoxes: "N. Costenco would become a victim of this blockage, enduring 15 years of detention specifically because of his earlier
1042:
magazine has been promoting a shameless campaign, riddled with lies and innuendo, against the Land of the
Soviets, against the revolutionary communist movement in Bessarabia." Meniuc, who faced these and other political charges, was removed from his editorial offices upon the end of the
531:
editors and actual interwar accomplishments: "cultural regionalism has stood as the fundamental prerequisite in maintaining the
Bessarabian spiritual phenomenon afloat, it being the only way for accomplishing the actual unification of Romanian spirituality, the synthesis of all creative
1187:
only put out eleven issues over three years, none of which had been published during that particular year. She also notes that Cimpoi's paper, like all other
Moldovan literary reviews, was largely inaccessible at newsstands in Chişinău and in public libraries all over the country.
415:, who suggested that such reactions may be traced back to a "parochial complex", also noted of Costenco: "He promoted a ferocious nativism, sometimes to the point of degenerating into anti-Romanianism. An animator and aesthete of cultural regionalism, convinced in his
512:", creating opportunities for "adventurers" and "nonentities" from the other historical regions. Halippa's own pronouncements of the period expressed his disappointment with centralist policies, leading to accusations that he himself had become anti-Romanian.
1219:. The same dichotomy was stated by writer Maria Şleahtiţchi, according to whom the Moldovan publishing industry is essentially divided between journals with an antiquated patriotic Romanian discourse and venues better adapted to the modern scene. Writing for
713:, and had in all 120 individual contributors. Reportedly, there were 1,035 separate poems published by the journal between 1932 and 1944. In addition to the poems of Cavarnali, Costenco, Meniuc and Nica, it included, as milestones in Bessarabian poetry,
1009:, he was also handed out to the Soviets and sent to the Gulag, and then again held in Romanian custody. A committed devotee to the cause of unionism, he refused proposals to resettle in the Moldavian SSR, and spent his final years in Romania.
930:). The paper continued featuring articles endorsing Romania's participation in the war, and making negative assessments about the impact of Imperial Russian and Soviet rule. It notably featured articles by the senior Bessarabian politician
527:, was in fact also an answer to the Romanian government's assignment of incompetent officials at a local level. However, Moldovan philologist Alina Ciobanu-Tofan notes, there was a separation between "the provocative statements" made by
403:. Simuţ writes: "During the '30s, N. Costenco was promoting an exclusive and aggressive, hardly imaginable form of regionalism . the most dangerous political way of thinking for the Bessarabian 'nation', whose logic leads into euphoric
343:
and other cultural platforms of the day as proofs that
Bessarabia manifested "great interest in literature." The popularization of literature in the 1930s, Călinescu noted, meant that "even the hospitalized people of the
1024:, he suggested that Meniuc's renewed literary activity in Soviet territory posed a political threat: "Some of our writers, for example G. Meniuc, have begun to raise up, like some sort of banners, the shreds of some
697:", adding: "the arrival of this new epoch is seen by as ruin, devastation. The modern city scares him. Everything that is not in touch with the primitive life of yesteryear is inscribed within the prosaic sign of
835:
had a role in circulating academic studies on various subjects. According to one author's assessment, it published, before 1944: "3,232 articles, sources, reviews, information pieces on the most recent problems of
1182:
did not survive as the market and culture changed. The rival magazine also faced several problems, including irregular circulation. According to a
December 2005 article by cultural journalist Larisa Ungureanu,
1777:
883:), where, due to permanent border tensions, cultural contacts had been much reduced. The journal's 1933 notice on the literary life of Transnistria, at a time when the region was being reshaped by
693:("The Heart's Green Seedbed Is Rained upon by the Stars Above") expressed an enthusiasm similar to Costenco's. Meniuc argued that Cavarnali had foreseen the arrival of a new age, "perhaps the new
261:, founded as the literary voice of Bessarabian regionalism, was first printed in January 1932. Its first issue included a foreword by Halippa, in which the latter, previously a key figure in the
2243:
598:
was more open to modernism than its editorial policies dictated. The paradox was underlined by
Burlacu, who noted that Costenco himself was beginning to incorporate poetic traits from
764:("A Landscape Painter"), printed in various issues between 1937 and 1942. Other modernist or traditionalist poetry and prose authors who contributed to the Bessarabian review were:
1105:
482:
one, tomorrow's Bessarabia shall become, from a spiritual point of view, a chain of mountains, the tops of which will be glowing in full splendor over the times and borders."
395:
s anti-centralist political bias, evident after Nicolai Costenco's arrival as managing editor (1934), was described by various researchers as proof of extremism, bordering on
635:
532:
contributions". The regionalist platform continued to tolerate contributions from Romanian men of letters who did not identify with such policies. One such case was that of
536:, a literary critic who made his debut in the magazine's pages, and who, according to Mănucă, was most likely interested in "supporting Romanianism in the land between the
269:, outlined and pledged to follow a set of political and cultural ideals. The name adopted by Halippa's publication was homonymous with that of two other press organs: a
2145:
Silvia Grossu, Gheorghe Palade, "Presa din Basarabia în contextul socio-cultural de la începuturile ei pînă în 1957", in Lidia Kulikovski, Margarita Şcelcikova (eds.),
474:, were marks of both dissimilarity and excellence: "The culture of those who can speak Russian is overwhelmingly superior in its august silence, when compared with the
984:
to have masked his secret disappointment with the Soviet regime. In what has been described as a highly unusual occurrence, Robot had continued to publish articles in
817:
957:
1113:
88:
1140:
533:
218:
1986:
965:
785:
501:
1799:
1767:
1686:
1565:
1467:
1390:
1132:
1120:
861:
588:
408:
366:
1144:
809:
1276:
793:
714:
309:
2258:
1652:
1627:
1595:
520:
1995:"Despre spirit critic în Basarabia, despre Eminescu şi Ion Druţă, despre poliţia politică, Uniunea Scriitorilor, postmodernism şi polemici literare"
848:, sociology, statecraft and law, economy, natural sciences, agriculture, education, arts etc." Among the noted social scientists who contributed to
801:
2238:
2233:
777:
738:
1243:, presided upon by an obviously apt literary critic, Mihai Cimpoi, no room could be found for at the very least simple bibliographies, reviews or
1152:
773:
718:
865:
857:
824:
tribune, "the most prestigious publication in 1930s Bessarabia", were significant in a context were the "blood-stained prints" of 19th century
805:
1342:
295:
1431:
412:
1742:
579:
1474:
1602:
1515:
450:
had "particular, exclusive national consciousnesses". Another one of his ideas, outlined in ideological articles such as the 1937 piece
964:
affected several former affiliates of the magazine, including Costenco (who had chosen to remain behind after the 1940 occupation) and
384:
372:
378:
2223:
1890:
1888:"De hramul oraşului. Două evocări, două 'vase comunicante'. Tîrgul basarabean al anilor '30 şi talentul literar al lui Al. Robot"
2228:
1215:
976:
and mysteriously disappeared shortly after the Axis attack. His praise of Soviet power, concentrated in lyrical pieces such as
1785:
1001:
came to reconsider his stance on regionalism, during and after his time in Soviet camps. Halippa had a special situation: a
277:, published from 1930 to 1944. The name was also equivalent in translation to those of non-Romanian Bessarabian papers: the
2263:
2248:
685:
Expressionist principles, urged poets to seek inspiration in both "the starlit sky" and "the dumpster". Also published in
2146:
1052:
1721:
1862:
1746:
262:
2032:"Când nu vom mai trece Prutul cu paşapoarte 'internaţionale', Editura Prut Internaţional se va numi simplu - PRUT"
900:
193:
Declaring itself to be a traditionalist venue, interested in preserving local specificity in the cultural field,
1038:. Why should we now extend amnesty to these reactionary magazines ? After all, all Bessarabian people know that
875:
was interested in the life of Romanian-speakers within the Soviet Union, particularly those in the neighboring
1059:, the official literary magazine. It anthologized the work of classical Romanian authors, changed its name to
1016:, centered on allegations about Halippa and Meniuc's wartime attitudes, was notably argued by communist poet
611:
478:'s culture, with its chatty and insolent representatives. By combining two cultures, the Slavic and... the
447:
1167:. The magazine was also noted for publishing posthumous works by authors from several cultures, among them
920:
519:
partly shaped the negative perception of Romanian authorities, as embraced by many locals. Literary critic
411:, Costenco was an "ideologist of nativism pushed to the point of absurdity". Moldovan essayist and critic
229:, and was eventually disestablished. Its editors were subject to persecution in both Soviet territory and
2207:
1523:
1094:
926:
274:
1090:
1086:
1021:
891:, who then published ample but partly erroneous deductions about the number of Romanian writers there.
242:
238:
496:, who stated his bitter rejection of Romanian society. Although a lifelong supporter of unionism, the
270:
20:
2253:
1064:
631:
497:
266:
1028:
magazines that used to be printed in Romania and Bessarabia up to 1940 and during the latest war,
741:. Having had his work reviewed by Sergiu Matei Nica in a 1937 issue, Timonu was featured with the
304:
2162:
1690:
1104:
journal: Cimpoi and part of the editorial staff voted in favor of the transformation, while poet
1081:. The new series entered print in 2002, under the direction of literary historian and politician
1078:
400:
1124:
1051:
The status of Romanian literature in the Moldavian SSR was elevated during the late 1980s, when
789:
552:
Stylistically, Nicolai Costenco's review was generally committed to the traditionalist and anti-
1922:
1824:
1471:
183:
175:
1599:
1512:
1435:
602:, a literary form that Iorga had equated with sickness. The magazine therefore played host to
407:, that is to say a form of enclavization, an aberrant form of defense." According to scholar
1808:
1574:
1546:
1351:
1172:
710:
557:
524:
427:
inspiration." By then, Costenco and some of his fellow contributors to the magazine also had
349:
1867:
1771:
1751:
1726:
1197:
360:
The localist point of view was a common feature of other Bessarabian periodicals during the
992:'nationalism'. His exclusive and rigid regionalism of the '30s was one thing, and Moldovan
942:
680:
to express his thoughts about the similarity between the condition of a poet and that of a
553:
475:
198:
155:
70:
2176:
1164:
560:. In articles for the magazine, Costenco offered praise to the publications issued by the
454:("The Need for a Cultural Regionalism"), was that Romanian immigrants into Bessarabia, or
8:
2200:
1967:
1695:
1661:
1636:
1483:
669:("The Slumber of Solitude", 1936)—an avant-garde volume which he positively reviewed for
509:
438:
In his column pieces for the magazine, Costenco repeatedly stipulated the existence of a
312:, the connection between these two platforms was the theory of "national specificity" in
187:
1367:
570:
336:
1201:
stand out for their conservative approach to publishing, as opposed to the more modern
1002:
841:
642:
428:
313:
202:
1887:
1656:
1631:
641:
Writing for the magazine, Costenco himself offered much praise to the lyrical work of
1781:
1770:, "Magda Isanos: insaţietate de viaţă şi elan transformator", in Pierre Morel (ed.),
1006:
973:
837:
662:
646:
459:
230:
151:
138:
126:
112:
66:
2056:
1962:
1803:
1394:
797:
324:, and resurrected into an "evidently regionalist" ideology by Halippa and Costenco (
2121:
1128:
884:
845:
599:
285:
278:
221:, the editorial board split, and Halippa revived the magazine at a new location in
167:
2126:
2065:
2031:
1894:
1828:
1611:
1606:
1519:
1478:
1440:
1399:
1375:
1209:
969:
627:
489:
contributors. The magazine published some of the last political texts by the old
471:
361:
179:
1994:
1927:"Conştiinţa naţională sub regimul comunist totalitar (VI) - R.S.S.M. 1956-1963"
1569:
1508:
1346:
1280:
981:
888:
876:
479:
467:
424:
508:
and other regional reviews, spoke of Romania having treated Bessarabia as an "
419:
frenzy of an ultraspecial genius of 'the populace', he exulted a rambunctious
2217:
1926:
1136:
1017:
993:
953:
912:
853:
825:
781:
726:
650:
607:
584:
565:
493:
210:
143:
1540:
35:
1990:
1148:
1082:
956:(covering most of Bessarabia) was contested by local Soviet officials. The
880:
813:
765:
657:
over a generic Symbolist framework. One of Costenco's essays, published by
603:
404:
234:
226:
214:
206:
56:
2117:
2027:
1224:
1168:
1025:
935:
931:
916:
698:
694:
615:
561:
463:
416:
396:
321:
163:
1034:
734:
523:
notes that this cultural and political phenomenon, later exacerbated by
2036:
1999:
1931:
1863:"Unirea Moldovei cu Ţara Românească la 1859 şi problema Basarabiei (I)"
1833:
1285:
1203:
1093:. This custody was also shared by the Moldovan Writers' Union with the
722:
432:
420:
345:
327:
130:
1191:
Ungureanu also opines that, among this section of the Moldovan media,
1156:
1119:
The first issues listed as the editorial staff writers from Moldova (
997:
908:
681:
623:
490:
443:
439:
222:
1903:
871:
In addition to chronicling Bessarabian and nationwide developments,
1244:
769:
654:
622:
employed as a member of the editorial staff the modernist poet and
541:
299:
709:
Overall, the magazine was involved in promoting new voices on the
182:
governments, to which they opposed more or less vocal Bessarabian
1013:
1012:
The identification of the regionalist venue with nationalism and
742:
159:
147:
102:
98:
44:
1239:: "is it not symptomatic that, even in the very first issue of
701:. This new rumor casts darkness over his rest and his reverie".
466:. Costenco also argued that the area's history as a part of the
894:
630:, whose articles covered such political issues as the trial of
1541:"Memoirs of an Anarchist in Romania. Zamfir C. Arbure (Ralli)"
1513:"Alexandru Robot – poetul enigmelor (90 de ani de la naştere)"
911:, the Romanian capital. It was published there throughout the
2148:
Presa basarabeană de la începuturi pînă în anul 1957. Catalog
988:
between its relocation to Bucharest and the outbreak of war.
961:
574:(the coagulant factor of Romanian traditionalism) to the neo-
158:, published at a time when the Bessarabia region was part of
1773:
Parcours féminins. L'intellectuelle. En hommage à Elena Prus
1100:
Its creation followed a split within the editorial board of
610:
and other writers who illustrated the final developments of
294:
The new magazine was, according to Romanian literary critic
197:
was in effect a voice for cultural innovation and a host to
2152:
1898:
537:
2244:
Controversy over ethnic and linguistic identity in Moldova
1395:"Despre fenomenul sincronizării în literatura basarabeană"
907:
ceased its publication, only to resurface a year later in
1372:
Istoria literaturii române de la origini pînă în prezent
645:, whose style was by then incorporating influences from
1055:
became official policy. The transition was signaled by
968:. Having stayed behind in Soviet territory after 1940,
485:
Costenco's stance mirrored the attitudes of some other
16:
Romanian-language periodical based in Chișinău, Moldova
442:, displaying "spiritual superiority" when compared to
2180:
980:("Moldova Has Blossomed"), is believed by researcher
1116:
publishing company manages the publication process.
1231:for not maintaining the same editorial standard as
1722:"Contribuţii remarcabile la ştiinţa bibliografică"
1954:
1952:
1950:
1151:). Other noted contributors were Romanian critic
19:For an earlier publication of the same name, see
2215:
1915:
1913:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1159:(who serialized here his narrative, also titled
1108:contested the decision and continued to publish
691:Răsadul verde al inimii stelele de sus îl plouă
547:
237:, being printed under the auspices of both the
162:, it was founded in 1932 by political activist
1947:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1077:was revived under its own title a decade into
887:, interested Romanian novelist and journalist
446:, and suggested that all of Greater Romania's
308:. According to Moldovan writer and researcher
2177:"Cîteva consideraţii despre presa de cultură"
2048:
2046:
1910:
1702:
1691:"Poezia basarabeană: Arcadia în negativ (II)"
1679:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1085:, and placed under the patronage of both the
689:, Meniuc's review of Cavarnali's 1939 volume
1600:"Drama intelectualilor basarabeni de stînga"
1558:
1556:
1472:"Poezia basarabeană: Arcadia în negativ (I)"
1460:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1335:
1333:
895:World War II, communism and disestablishment
1979:
1977:
1879:
1877:
1854:
1852:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1256:
704:
2181:Moldovan Center for Independent Journalism
2163:"Pe marginea exilului: între mama si tata"
2153:B. P. Hasdeu Municipal Library of Chişinău
2043:
2003:, Nr. 9-10 (95-96), September–October 2002
1668:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1490:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1418:
34:
2155:, p. 14-25; retrieved April 30, 2010
1553:
1447:
142:) is a Romanian-language periodical from
2259:Political magazines published in Romania
1974:
1874:
1849:
1778:Free International University of Moldova
1310:
661:in 1937, stated: "the poet is a hero, a
2239:Literary magazines published in Romania
2234:Literary magazines published in Moldova
2011:
2009:
1581:
1415:
1363:
1361:
431:sympathies, making them critics of the
2216:
1747:"O carte-surpriză cu mai multe enigme"
1112:as a separate periodical. As of 2003,
470:, and its consequent familiarity with
233:. The magazine was revived in 2002 by
174:was primarily noted for rejecting the
2169:, Nr. 130-131-132/2008, p. 85-96
1837:, Nr. 7-8 (105-106), July–August 2003
515:Various commentators have noted that
435:trends in Greater Romanian politics.
355:
335:circles, Romanian literary historian
225:. It was published there for most of
137:
2006:
1358:
1022:Communist Party of the Moldavian SSR
591:'s Orthodox statements of devotion.
452:Necesitatea regionalismului cultural
614:, and whose work also adopted some
504:, who was a regular contributor to
458:("newcomers"), were to locals what
13:
2040:, Nr. 5-6 (103-104), May–June 2003
852:at the time were Halippa himself,
752:("At the Commissioner's Office"),
14:
2275:
2191:
2122:"Un apparent sezon - post-mortem"
1289:, Nr. 4-5 (90-91), April–May 2002
1067:, declared itself a successor of
298:, a "regional adaptation" of the
1899:B. P. Hasdeu Library of Chişinău
1846:Grossu & Palade, p.20-21, 23
721:'s nostalgic pieces, as well as
284:(published around 1917) and the
2108:
2099:
2090:
2081:
2072:
2018:
1938:
1840:
1815:
1804:"Un poet în oglinda dialogului"
1790:
1758:
1733:
1643:
1618:
1533:
1046:
2224:1932 establishments in Romania
2187:, December 2005, p. 36-39
1406:
1381:
1301:
1292:
952:s legacy in the newly created
915:regime's participation in the
729:. Other noted works hosted by
139:[ˈvjat͡sabasaˈrabi.ej]
1:
2229:Magazines established in 1932
2136:
1829:"Destine trans(i)nistr(i)ene"
1347:"Există o critică regională?"
1298:Grossu & Palade, p.15, 19
760:("The Bullweed Flowers") and
725:-themed works by Halippa and
618:characteristics. After 1935,
558:Romanian literary environment
219:1940 annexation of Bessarabia
1307:Grossu & Palade, p.17-18
1155:, Bessarabian-born novelist
831:Beyond its literary agenda,
748:, ("Mr. Mayor's Daughter"),
676:In 1939, George Meniuc used
612:Romania's Symbolist movement
548:Traditionalism and modernism
7:
2264:Romanian-language magazines
2208:National Library of Moldova
1935:, Nr. 1 (135), January 2006
1570:"Din lacrima Basarabiei..."
1539:Maria Lidia, Martin Veith,
1524:National Library of Moldova
1436:"O literatură fără jurnal?"
1095:Romanian Cultural Institute
1020:. In a 1959 address to the
927:Romania during World War II
733:were the prose writings of
331:). Himself a member of the
271:newspaper published in 1907
253:
10:
2280:
844:, philosophy, psychology,
711:Bessarabian literary scene
248:
18:
1780:, Chişinău, 2009, p.74.
1412:Grossu & Palade, p.20
1007:Romanian communist regime
901:annexation by the Soviets
636:Petre Constantinescu-Iaşi
108:
94:
84:
76:
62:
52:
33:
1657:"Cumpătarea umanismului"
1378:, Bucharest, 1986, p.968
1250:
1063:and, shortly before the
842:history of the Romanians
705:Pre-1940 cultural impact
632:Romanian Communist Party
275:National Peasants' Party
267:National Moldavian Party
1163:), and Moldovan author
1091:Moldovan Writers' Union
1087:Romanian Writers' Union
958:successive deportations
921:war on the Soviet Union
828:were still observable.
401:anti-Romanian sentiment
263:1918 union with Romania
243:Moldovan Writers' Union
239:Romanian Writers' Union
21:Viaţa Basarabiei (1907)
2249:Mass media in Chișinău
1632:"Obsesii regionaliste"
1605:July 21, 2011, at the
1281:"Variaţiuni pe o temă"
1227:criticized Cimpoi and
972:adopted the tenets of
564:thinker and historian
316:, first elaborated by
2185:Mass-media în Moldova
1963:"Din valurile presei"
1547:Kate Sharpley Library
1545:KSL: Bulletin of the
1530:, Nr. 1/2006, p.72-73
1173:Konstantin Paustovsky
1079:Moldovan independence
941:Before and after the
746:Fiica domnului primar
525:Soviet historiography
440:Bessarabian ethnicity
273:; and a daily of the
2206:(digitalized by the
2105:Şleahtiţchi, p.93-94
1944:Şleahtiţchi, p.92-94
1886:Vladimir Prisăcaru,
1550:, No. 57, March 2009
1223:, poet and novelist
1125:Emilian Galaicu-Păun
840:and literature, the
762:Un pictor de peisaje
265:and activist of the
2161:Maria Şleahtiţchi,
1968:Convorbiri Literare
1696:Convorbiri Literare
1662:Convorbiri Literare
1637:Convorbiri Literare
1528:Magazin Bibliologic
1484:Convorbiri Literare
1141:Constantin Ciopraga
899:After Bessarabia's
667:Somnul singurătăţii
568:, from the defunct
534:Constantin Ciopraga
282:Besarabskaya Zhizn'
30:
2175:Larisa Ungureanu,
2087:Ungureanu, p.36-37
1893:2011-07-16 at the
1868:Literatura şi Arta
1752:Literatura şi Arta
1727:Literatura şi Arta
1518:2011-07-06 at the
1477:2011-09-27 at the
1198:Literatura şi Arta
1114:Prut Internaţional
1003:political prisoner
978:A înflorit Moldova
717:'s "blue poetry",
643:Vladimir Cavarnali
500:priest and writer
448:historical regions
356:Regionalist agenda
289:Dos Besaraber Lebn
203:Vladimir Cavarnali
156:political magazine
89:Prut Internaţional
71:political magazine
26:
2078:Şleahtiţchi, p.94
1923:Vladimir Beşleagă
1825:Vladimir Beşleagă
1800:Gheorghe Grigurcu
1786:978-9975-934-61-9
1768:Alexandru Burlacu
1687:Alexandru Burlacu
1468:Alexandru Burlacu
1391:Alexandru Burlacu
1165:Andrei Strâmbeanu
1133:Dumitru-Dan Maxim
1121:Alexandru Burlacu
974:Socialist Realism
862:Gheorghe V. Madan
838:Romanian language
647:Russian Symbolism
589:Sergiu Matei Nica
498:Romanian Orthodox
409:Alexandru Burlacu
367:Cuget Moldovenesc
352:had their own ".
231:Communist Romania
118:
117:
67:literary magazine
2271:
2202:Viaţa Basarabiei
2199:
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1341:
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1299:
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1275:
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1241:Viaţa Basarabiei
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1075:Viaţa Basarabiei
1069:Viaţa Basarabiei
1040:Viaţa Basarabiei
1030:Viaţa Basarabiei
986:Viaţa Basarabiei
951:
947:Viaţa Basarabiei
905:Viaţa Basarabiei
885:Marxism-Leninism
873:Viaţa Basarabiei
850:Viaţa Basarabiei
846:Christian ethics
833:Viaţa Basarabiei
810:Andrei Tibereanu
731:Viaţa Basarabiei
687:Viaţa Basarabiei
678:Viaţa Basarabiei
671:Viaţa Basarabiei
659:Viaţa Basarabiei
620:Viaţa Basarabiei
596:Viaţa Basarabiei
529:Viaţa Basarabiei
517:Viaţa Basarabiei
506:Viaţa Basarabiei
487:Viaţa Basarabiei
394:
390:Viaţa Basarabiei
341:Viaţa Basarabiei
337:George Călinescu
333:Viaţa Românească
318:Viaţa Românească
314:Romanian culture
305:Viaţa Românească
279:Russian-language
259:Viaţa Basarabiei
201:writers such as
195:Viaţa Basarabiei
180:Greater Romanian
172:Viaţa Basarabiei
168:Nicolai Costenco
141:
136:
122:Viaţa Basarabiei
41:Viaţa Basarabiei
38:
31:
28:Viaţa Basarabiei
25:
2279:
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2254:Greater Romania
2214:
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2197:
2194:
2172:
2158:
2142:
2139:
2134:
2127:Revista Sud-Est
2114:
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2109:
2104:
2100:
2096:Ungureanu, p.39
2095:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2077:
2073:
2066:Revista Sud-Est
2052:
2051:
2044:
2024:
2023:
2019:
2015:Ungureanu, p.37
2014:
2007:
1983:
1982:
1975:
1958:
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1948:
1943:
1939:
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1918:
1911:
1895:Wayback Machine
1883:
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1607:Wayback Machine
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1441:Revista Sud-Est
1428:
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1387:
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1297:
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1221:Revista Sud-Est
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1065:Soviet collapse
1053:democratization
1049:
1043:investigation.
970:Alexandru Robot
966:Vasile Ţepordei
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897:
818:Alexandru Lungu
790:Petru Ştefănucă
786:Nicolae Spătaru
707:
628:Alexandru Robot
550:
502:Vasile Ţepordei
472:Russian culture
392:
362:interwar period
358:
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170:. At the time,
150:. Originally a
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889:Liviu Rebreanu
877:Moldavian ASSR
798:Octav Sargeţiu
778:Liuba Dumitriu
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826:Russification
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794:Vasile Luţcan
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787:
783:
782:Sergiu Grossu
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775:
774:Teodor Nencev
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756:("A Tulip"),
755:
751:
750:La comisariat
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728:
727:Sergiu Grossu
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719:Lotis Dolenga
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585:Tudor Arghezi
582:
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566:Nicolae Iorga
563:
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2204:, Nr. 4/1932
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2166:
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2130:, Nr. 3/2002
2125:
2110:
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2083:
2074:
2069:, Nr. 3/2002
2064:
2058:
2035:
2020:
1998:
1991:Mihai Cimpoi
1966:
1940:
1930:
1907:, Nr. 3/2006
1904:Biblio Polis
1902:
1866:
1842:
1832:
1817:
1812:, Nr. 5/2006
1807:
1792:
1772:
1760:
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1725:
1699:, April 2002
1694:
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1620:
1615:, Nr. 3/2003
1610:
1573:
1566:Ioan Lăcustă
1544:
1535:
1527:
1487:, March 2002
1482:
1444:, Nr. 4/2000
1439:
1408:
1403:, Nr. 2/2003
1398:
1383:
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1240:
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1232:
1228:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1202:
1196:
1192:
1190:
1184:
1179:
1177:
1160:
1149:Eugen Simion
1118:
1109:
1106:Nicolae Popa
1101:
1099:
1083:Mihai Cimpoi
1074:
1073:
1068:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1047:2002 revival
1039:
1033:
1029:
1011:
990:
985:
977:
946:
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924:
904:
898:
881:Transnistria
872:
870:
866:Liviu Marian
858:Vasile Harea
849:
832:
830:
822:
814:Magda Isanos
806:Iacov Slavov
802:Anton Luţcan
766:Ion Buzdugan
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
730:
708:
690:
686:
677:
675:
670:
666:
658:
640:
626:sympathizer
619:
604:Bogdan Istru
595:
593:
578:
576:Sămănătorist
575:
569:
556:side of the
551:
528:
516:
514:
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486:
484:
464:nightingales
455:
451:
437:
405:isolationism
389:
388:). However,
383:
377:
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365:
359:
340:
332:
325:
317:
303:
293:
288:
281:
258:
257:
235:Mihai Cimpoi
227:World War II
215:Soviet Union
213:. After the
207:Bogdan Istru
194:
192:
171:
121:
120:
119:
80:January 1932
57:Mihai Cimpoi
40:
27:
2118:Leo Butnaru
2028:Oleg Bodrug
1961:Pressofag,
1432:Eugen Lungu
1245:axiological
1225:Leo Butnaru
1169:Marin Preda
1129:Ion Hadârcă
1026:reactionary
936:Crimean War
932:Ion Pelivan
699:mechanicism
695:Middle Ages
616:avant-garde
571:Sămănătorul
562:nationalist
476:old kingdom
413:Eugen Lungu
397:Moldovenism
322:World War I
184:regionalist
166:and writer
164:Pan Halippa
77:First issue
2218:Categories
2167:Discobolul
2137:References
2055:Cronicar,
2037:Contrafort
2000:Contrafort
1932:Contrafort
1834:Contrafort
1665:, May 2008
1653:Dan Mănucă
1628:Dan Mănucă
1286:Contrafort
1237:Contrafort
1204:Contrafort
758:Albăstrele
580:Cuget Clar
521:Dan Mănucă
433:right-wing
421:messianism
346:sanitarium
328:Poporanism
176:centralism
135:pronounced
133:'s Life",
131:Bessarabia
63:Categories
43:on a 2007
2179:, in the
2151:, at the
1897:, in the
1522:, in the
1343:Ion Simuţ
1180:Basarabia
1161:Basarabia
1157:Paul Goma
1110:Basarabia
1102:Basarabia
1061:Basarabia
998:Stalinist
994:Sovietism
909:Bucharest
903:in 1940,
723:patriotic
682:shipwreck
624:communist
600:Symbolism
554:modernist
491:anarchist
444:Romanians
339:spoke of
300:Moldavian
296:Ion Simuţ
223:Bucharest
199:modernist
2061:, Nr. 2"
1891:Archived
1743:Ion Şpac
1603:Archived
1516:Archived
1475:Archived
1089:and the
1035:Gândirea
770:Radu Gyr
743:novellas
735:Dubăsari
655:Futurism
542:Dniester
540:and the
460:sparrows
456:venetici
417:romantic
385:Itinerar
373:Bugeacul
254:Creation
241:and the
188:nativist
152:literary
144:Chişinău
127:Romanian
113:Romanian
109:Language
45:Moldovan
1178:Popa's
1014:fascism
1005:of the
996:of the
960:to the
737:native
634:member
462:are to
429:leftist
320:before
286:Yiddish
249:History
190:ethos.
160:Romania
148:Moldova
103:Moldova
99:Romania
95:Country
85:Company
1784:
1057:Nistru
425:Slavic
379:Poetul
53:Editor
2165:, in
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1251:Notes
962:Gulag
950:'
919:-led
754:Lalea
663:titan
480:Latin
393:'
350:Bugaz
129:for "
47:stamp
1782:ISBN
1233:Semn
1216:Semn
1213:and
1195:and
1171:and
925:see
917:Axis
864:and
816:and
538:Prut
399:and
326:see
154:and
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1235:or
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653:or
544:."
423:of
348:in
217:'s
209:or
178:of
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