User:Tony1/How to improve your writing

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identify and focus on only the items that they need, which can be important in an organisation in which the same document is read by staff with very different roles and responsibilities. The white space that lined lists create can break up masses of grey paragraphs, which is more inviting to readers in many contexts. For all of these reasons, lined lists are much liked in corporate, government and administrative documents; although lined lists are less prevalent in academic (and encyclopedic) text, their use has been increasing.

1334: 1205: 181: 303:—"also", "in addition", "moreover" and "furthermore". Every sentence is additional to its predecessors, but most of us, including otherwise good writers, have got into the habit of sprinkling these terms through our writing, because they give us a vague feeling of adding to the cohesion of the text (the strength with which it all hangs together). However, only occasionally are these additive words required for textual cohesion; the flow is usually stronger without them. 660: 229: 2584: 2849: 531:

to object to them. Apart from the psychological effect on the readers, one-sentence paragraphs can result in a fragmented visual appearance. A stubby paragraph should typically be either expanded into full ideas or merged smoothly with another paragraph (most often the previous one). Very occasionally, a single-sentence paragraph might be appropriate to emphasise or summarise an idea.

164:—knowing how to do something so well that you don't have to think about it as you do it; this is usually the result of learning, repetition, and practice. Remember how hard you had to concentrate on micro-managing the simultaneous subtasks of driving a car when you were a learner driver? Fortunately, automaticity soon sets in, so we can drive well even as we conduct a conversation. 195:

because writing excellent prose is within the grasp of most educated people, and has considerable life advantages. Sustained effort and fine-tuning seems more important to acquiring expertise than underlying talent. In particular, by consciously spotting and weeding out common redundancies, you'll start to become adept at turning the soggy into the crisp.

3728:. We disagree with the approach on much of this site, based as it is on traditional grammar; however, we've included the address because of its search box, which enables you to access online information on your chosen topic in several popular texts; for example, you can compare what the self-appointed authorities say about the so-called split infinitive. 491:

when they listen to you: optimising the flow of your writing is an important way of doing this. Flow comprises a number of aspects, from the smallest punctuation mark to the cohesion of the text on a large scale. Flow can make your writing smooth, clear and easy to read; a lack of flow can make it bumpy and disjointed.

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Divination is the practice of seeking knowledge of the future or the unknown by supernatural means. A talisman is an object, typically an inscribed ring or stone, that is thought to have magic powers and to bring good luck. It would have been better to treat these two uses in separate clauses or even

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The need for a stronger central government with a unified currency and the ability to conduct the affairs of state, such as foreign policy (and that could bind all of the states under negotiated treaties and agreements rather than be undermined by a single state's refusal to agree to an international

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When you explain something in writing rather than orally, many aspects of language are removed, such as your intonation, pitch, speed, rhythm and bodily gestures. In writing, you need to make up for the absence of those speech signals, so that your readers will be just as engaged with your message as

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Knowledge is a rich and little-used resource for self-training, because it provides a huge reservoir of text at all stages of transformation (sometimes circuitous) from the raw and verbose into the stylish and easy to read. A good way of focusing your efforts on improving your prose is to compare two

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Print out your text and mark up the hard copy (highlight the places that need improvement, by circling, underlining, and handwriting improved wording in the margins). Reading hard copy is very different from reading on-screen: not only can you see printed text more clearly, but you can see more of it

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This tutorial is for both native and non-native speakers of English. Writing and editing English at a professional standard presents some challenges that are blind to an editor's native language, and some that are unique to particular native languages. And some issues we cover for writing English are

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Lined lists come at a cost: their very strong boundaries work against the flow of the text. This is why reviewers in the FAC room tend to object unless this formatting is used judiciously, especially at the top of an article where flow is of the essence to engage the readers. There are exceptions to

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A running list is smoothly integrated into its paragraph, and will not be obvious at a glance. Occasionally, contributors to FACs are asked to change lined lists into running lists to provide greater flow and neater visual appearance. Running lists are almost ubiquitous, and we've all become skilled

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Each of these ideas could stand alone as a sentence. (Since the middle two ideas are particularly close, we could separate them by a semicolon rather than a full-stop.) Let's try doing this. In our chopped-up snake, the four ideas are coloured as above. We've added extra bits in black—either through

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tend to break up the prose, interrupting the flow: give your readers the chance to link a number of sentences into a cohesive whole; that will usually be the easiest way for them to absorb your message. Stubby paragraphs are all too common in Knowledge articles, and reviewers in the FAC room are apt

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Apart from writing your Knowledge article in sections, paragraphing is the largest scale on which you'll need to structure your text. A paragraph break allows your readers to tie up the idea that they've just read about—to "download" it more deeply into their memory—and to start afresh on a new idea

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in the continuity of the text, controlling the structure of your language—the mortar between the bricks large and small. While some aspects of the flow of a particular text will be the subject of widespread agreement by language experts, flow can often be achieved in more than one way; thus, there's

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These mechanisms enable you to raed tihs txet wtihuot mcuh torulbe at all, by cmboinng waht you see on the pgae wtih the fmailair, prcdeitalbe prtteans taht you sotre in your lnog-term meromy. (The preceding typos are an example.) It's little wonder that we let typos slip by, and the same applies to

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In (2), the semicolon keeps the readers' minds focused on the same issue: the feathers. In (1), The full-stop suggested that the next sentence would take a different direction, but in (1), it didn't. The next example shows a good use of the full-stop—the second sentence addresses a different issue,

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button at the bottom displays your work as it will appear to readers. The difference between edit and preview modes can distance you from the writing or editing process, highlighting errors and areas that can be improved. More generally, here are five suggestions for achieving strategic distance:

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Here's an example of an elaborate list from a FAC—a list of lists, in fact—that is littered with parentheses and quote marks and is illogically formatted and inconsistent. During the FAC process, this example was significantly improved; see how many areas for improvement you can identify, then hit

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The typical placement of the comma is in the direction of causality: after for forward causality; before for backward causality. Although punctuation is usual here in more formal registers such as that used in an encyclopedia, this can vary. For example, the following sentence is short and punchy,

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Just as snakes require too much working memory to read, stubby sentences limit readers to far less than the full capacity of their working memory; they usually interrupt the flow of the text, resulting in a stop-start effect. Sentences of comfortable length are typically constructed from more than

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Like any proficiency, skilled writing and editing comes from years of effort. Most people significantly improve their writing skills until the "near enough is good enough" frame takes over. So we relax the effort that has already brought us to a plateau of basic, everyday literacy. This is a pity,

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Knowledge needs to appeal to a wide range of native and non-native speakers, many of whom are time-poor. Writing plain English is a good way to achieve this. Many writers want to write text with an air of authority, and use longer-than-necessary and/or old-fashioned forms in the hope of appearing

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appear so to you: the sentence is rather too long, and the "with" clause is, strictly speaking, ungrammatical (an apostrophe is required in actors', which is itself a little clumsy nowadays). Let's get rid of the troublesome "with" connector and give our poor readers a rest in the middle, using a

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make it harder for your readers to stay interested; a mass of grey text will force them to work hard to keep an ever-increasing amount of information active in their working memory as they wade through. Where it's starting to be too much of a mental juggling act for the readers, try to identify a

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Becoming close to a text is unavoidable if you work intensively on it; ironically, this closeness can reduce your ability to critically review the text. Editing a text as a stranger to it has distinct advantages—mainly the ability to approach it with fresh eyes, uninhibited by the intricacies of

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It takes concentrated practice to identify redundancy, but after a while you'll learn to test every word subconsciously against its context. Ask yourself: "Will the text lose meaning if I remove this?" and "Is there already a word in this sentence that provides the meaning?" Take this sentence:

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Being a Wikipedian involves close engagement with prose, whether through writing, editing, or critiqueing. The "ten-year rule" suggests that acquiring full expertise in these tasks is not a quick process. But don't be discouraged: your efforts will also reap palpable rewards in the short term.

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Placing each item on a separate line provides even stronger boundaries, making the items visually distinct. This allows readers to digest the list easily, mentally "ticking off" each item line by line, and facilitates the re-reading and comparison of items. Lined lists allow readers to easily

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Much encyclopedic and academic text comprises lists. The items in a list range from the very long, such as paragraphs and sections, to the very short, such as the words in a sentence (e.g., "They treat dogs, cats and parrots"). Here, we'll focus on lists of shorter items, where the list has a

3098:). Either way is fine, but you need to choose one and stick to it throughout the list. Here, we've chosen to nominalise the verb at the start of each item, which gives it a more formal, steady-state feel, rather than the active, dynamic, "doing" sense conveyed by the straight "-ing" verbs: 1279:

The sentences are still close enough to juxtapose, but the common theme is much broader than feathers or food: it's "most emu species" ("they"). The full-stop warns readers to prepare for something different, although they'll still expect it to flow smoothly from what they've just read.

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our tendency to gloss over higher-level problems in text. Ironically, suppressing the very mechanisms we use to increase our capacity for processing language can help us to probe text for problems and to optimise our writing and editing skills. This is the essence of strategic distance.

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at once (synoptically) and grasp the product in your hands. It's quite a different environment. Some writers use a four-stage cycle of printing out a draft, marking it up, keying in the changes and editing the new version on-screen—a cycle they repeat until no further changes are needed.

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Though most criteria for good writing in English are widely accepted, advocates may differ on particular technical and stylistic matters. Please take this into account: some of our advice and suggested solutions may be debatable. Feedback on how to improve the article is welcome at the

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at reading them fluently—even when they're complex. Strictly speaking, the first two sentences in this paragraph are running lists, in which the lead–item boundaries fall after "list" and "provide", respectively. Let's revisit these two sentences, marking the lead–item boundary with

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Your readers will also want to "tie up" the information on a more frequent, smaller scale: the sentence. Sentences that are too long are too demanding on readers' working memory: give them opportunities to download what you've just told them in convenient chunks. Here's an example:

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We've prepared models and examples of the main types of list—single-sentence and multisentence lists, and within these categories, running and lined lists. This is not an exhaustive list, and the guidelines here arise at least partly from personal choice. For each type, we've used

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from your own text by using techniques that allow you to see it afresh; that is, more like the way your readers will see it. These techniques involve the editing process, the passage of time, and the visual appearance of the text. If you're using the edit-box on a wiki, the

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Typewriters, in general use during the 20th century, made incremental editing laborious. But many people still treat the word processor like a typewriter, particularly in their formatting, where over-capitalising and underlining were the only visual ways to highlight

293:"Low" is already relative to some norm, which here is explicitly clarified as being "for its day"; thus, "relatively" adds no useful meaning. "Still" has the sense of "all the same" or "nevertheless"; coming after "while" (= "although"), it is totally redundant. 147:

To further increase the benefit, choose sections or articles that present you with different challenges; for example, one text that is relatively easy, requiring more low-level, clerical activities, and another that requires higher-level conceptual precision.

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is critical when constructing a list. This is achieved by manipulating the punctuation and line-formatting to achieve an optimal balance between allowing your readers to easily comprehend the list and providing them with a smooth, uninterrupted flow of words.

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Both ideas concern the visual appearance of the birds, specifically that of their feathers. By integrating them into a single sentence, we're making this closeness obvious to the readers, and avoiding the stop–start effect of two short, successive sentences:

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Consider that few readers are likely to suppose that the former schemes will be outlined in the federal government's cemeteries, canals or chimneys: there's no need to state the obvious. English grammar allows much duplication to be cut, as well. The result:

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We started with one sentence of 64 words. We've transformed this into three sentences that are slightly longer in total: 77 words. The reader has places to pause and consider the ideas, and the text is much easier to read even if it's a little longer.

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Let's remove the parentheses, which make it complex and difficult to read; as well, there's tension between their use for a different purpose in the second item (providing an equivalent term) compared with their role in marking off examples of each

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when requests for assistance fall outside Tahirih's scope, staff members attempt to locate other consultants." Another temporal item—an elaborate one—obstructs the middle of this sentence: "Iridion was released in North America on 29 May 2001, and

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the youngest child of a Mexican immigrant couple, she was singing on television while still a junior high school student." Here, "Born" is assumed in the word "child"; therefore the sentence works better without the first word. "Each weapon has

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Many writers get into a habit of automatically using a subset term to introduce lists—especially the term "includes". This signals to the reader that the list is incomplete—that there are other items aside from those in the list. If the list

1320: 309:—"over the years", "currently", "now", "from time to time", "to this day". Although these are more likely to be required than the additive terms, they usually add nothing to the sense, or are too vague to be useful. "They planned their 1185:

is wrong here, because it introduces a statement that contradicts the previous statement or that is surprising or unexpected coming after the previous statement. Here, replacing the contrastive link with the most common additive

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advantages and disadvantages." Here, "its own" repeats the meaning of "each", and thus clutters the sentence. The first three words in the next example can be removed, because they're already covered by the word "when":

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When you're adding ideas together—rather than contrasting them or showing that one leads to the other—the way you integrate them will depend on how close and long they are. There are three basic ways of linking them.

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Lists are binary: they typically have (i) a lead, which introduces (ii) the items. (Occasionally, the order is reversed so that the listed items come first; e.g., "Limes, sugar and water are the only ingredients".)

648: 343:—"some", "a variety of", "a number of", "several", "a few", "many", "any", "all". These items are often too vague to add useful meaning, or their meaning is already conveyed in the rest of the text; e.g., " 3817:

We don't agree with everything on these sites, but they provide valuable interactive tutorials for non-native speakers who want to improve their English. Beware a mild commercial push in a few places.

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Check the formatting where running lists are long and/or complex, especially where you've removed or pasted in items. Remember the basic formulas, which hold no matter how long or complex the items:

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Some of these methods improve our productivity because, ironically, they break the normal mechanisms that our brains use to swap scrutiny for speed while reading and writing. Two such mechanisms are:

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The use of these methods is partly a matter of personal style, although there are cases where most readers would prefer one method over the others. Here's an example of two relatively short ideas:

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simple deduction to fill in the context (e.g., "the delegates identified") or to make the sentences cohere (e.g., connectors such as "In particular" and "This" that link back to previous clauses).

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a strong element of personal style in this aspect of writing. Inevitably, the advice that we offer here on flow will be less definitive than our advice for other characteristics of good writing.

3752:. Writer and lexicographer Michael Quinion writes about international English from a British viewpoint—indexed articles, Q&A, reviews, topical words, turns of phrase, weird words, funnies. 2983:

Check that the semantic and conceptual boundaries between the items are distinct and logical. The most common category problem arises when one item is a subset of another. Here's an example:

56: 1977:, because the items (now Criteria 1 and 2) were thought to be easier to read as stand-alone sentences. Multi-sentence lists can be running or lined; in this subsection, we treat both types. 117:

Leave your text for a few days or more, and return to it with your head unclouded by the thoughts brought up during editing; the longer the break, the more strategic distance you'll achieve.

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the simplest idea. These ideas need to be integrated smoothly and logically into the sentence. One of the commonest problems in FACs is sentences in which the ideas are poorly connected.

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Eight centuries ago, writing was such a rare and elaborate skill that it was displayed with great artistry. This Apocalypse manuscript shows St John writing to the seven churches of Asia.

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Computers have transformed the writing process by facilitating continual editing; this frees writers from the need to produce a succession of entire versions on a typewriter or by hand.

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The comma before "such as" looks like the first of a pair surrounding an example; readers scan what follows in vain for the second comma and its announcement of the end of the example.

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The sentence bends disconcertingly, and readers trying to follow it lose their bearings. It's what some people call a "snake", and it needs to be chopped up into manageable portions.

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English may be idiosyncratic in this respect, because we've noticed that many non-native speakers, particularly those who come from East Asian languages, over-prefer "or" in lists.

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It appears to be a single-sentence list, but is not formatted as such; while it's elaborate enough for a multi-sentence format, let's format it properly as a single-sentence list.

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First, we show you some examples of the basic types of list, followed by brief advice on formatting. Then we deal, category by category, with the commonest problems in listing.

3889:, with good coverage of the distinctions between British and American English, and audio samples of pronunciation in each of these two major varieties of English. (Suggested by 586:

How do we fix this sentence? The first step is to isolate the ideas. There are usually a number of places where we may erect boundaries between these ideas; here's one attempt.

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Museums are tourist attractions, so already the boundaries are unclear. The writer resolved the problem here by replacing "tourist attractions" with a more focused item.

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Had you noticed the redundant "previously", which is covered by the past tense? And yes, a semicolon is better than a period, since the two halves are so closely linked.

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more formal. In most cases, you'll get your point across more effectively by avoiding the following words and phrases (suggested replacements appear after the arrows):

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The power of writing has changed the world. Here, Mahatma Gandhi writes at Birla House, Mumbai in August 1942, five years before India gained independence from Britain.

3843:. Hit "English as a second language (ESL)", where grammatical/writing issues are treated one by one. This is part of Purdue University's wide-ranging site for writers. 523:

sentence around the middle of the paragraph that appears to be a departure—to step out into new territory, so to speak: make it the first sentence in a new paragraph.

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A medieval depiction of a monk at work in a scriptorium, showing his materials and equipment. Until the 20th century, many people devoted their lives to copying text.

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information. While Hong Kong may be a very different location from London and Manchester, it's perfectly possible to live in Hong Kong having been raised in the UK.

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remains one of the largest in the world." Its ... it was ... it was ... it. "It" and "was" are annoying repetitions and are easily understood through the process of

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Return to the "Page history" and use the "compare" function to compare that version with the current version. Compare your edits with those that were actually made.

3539:(unless you mean "having or involving several parts, elements or members", especially when it's not always the case, e.g., multiple occupancy, multiple birth; but 1274:(3) Most emu species have a grey-brown plumage of shaggy appearance. They eat a variety of native and introduced plant species, depending on seasonal availability. 3704:, information on better writing (including tips on spelling, grammar and plain English), a huge database of FAQs on the language, and a section on global English. 2840:

vote for representatives who pledge their support for the establishment of a national, independent body to determine the boundaries of congressional districts.

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vote for representatives who pledge their support for the establishment of a national, independent body to determine the boundaries of congressional districts.

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Read this old version of the article, carefully. Think of all the changes it needs. Better, click "Printable version" and go through a printout with a red pen.

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Substantial indents for lined lists; we recommend no indent or only a small indent for the bullets or numbers—visually, lined lists are already very distinct.

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response". (Try the converse: "They planned their past response".) Often, the tense of the verb is sufficient to convey the temporal sense; e.g., "Mumbai is

3744:. An online course in English grammar, written primarily for university undergraduates but more widely applicable; it assumes no prior knowledge of grammar. 265:

While the journal had relatively low circulation numbers for its day, it still influenced popular opinion and was feared by the conservative administration.

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Reading your text aloud can help you to identify where commas should be inserted or removed and to check that the clauses run smoothly and grammatically.

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stating a word is one of the key methods of textual cohesion, because it makes the reader assume this continuing presence of a previously stated item.

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government-funded programs such as Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid". Sometimes whether these terms are redundant depends on the larger context.

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of the contents?" It may be that the writer is trying to distinguish between the graphics and the linguistic text in the bubbles; it's hard to know.

3865:. Under construction by the Writing Centre at the University of Ottawa; the site contains errors and is incomplete, but some sections may be useful. 123:

Edit the paragraphs or even the sentences in reverse order. Scrutineers of parliamentary/congressional legislation have been known to read even the

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These are appropriate when the items are long and complex, and/or contain more than one sentence or clause. FA Criteria 2 and 3 used to be cast as

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It is too long and complex; while there are too many ideas to be expressed in one masterful sentence, this sentence has at least three problems:

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in Europe on 21 September 2001." Similarly, tweaking the grammar allows us to dispense with two words in "The Centre has worked to protect women

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is common in Knowledge's articles: removing redundancy will not damage the meaning, and in most cases will strengthen it. Crisp, elegant writing

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will you use between the items? (In other words, what combination of commas, semicolons, colons, full-stops, numbers and bullets will you use?)

1069:"Planning" expenditure is allocated to development schemes outlined by the federal government, "central" expenditure to the state governments. 70: 2373:

Subset terms frame the items of your list as part of a larger set of items. These terms need to be used with care. Common subset terms are:

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This is slightly shorter for the same information, and is much easier to read because each item is consistent in language and formatting.

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The 1973 oil crisis had significantly increased the cost of living, domestic industry was weakening from a lack of cost-competitiveness.

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The 1973 oil crisis had significantly increased the cost of living, domestic industry was weakening from a lack of cost-competitiveness

158:—the way our brains save effort by processing small pieces of information (such as letters) as larger chunks (such as whole words); and 516:

or a new aspect of the same idea. Aim for paragraphs of roughly equal size, although some variation in size is often appropriate.

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on the use of "the", "a" and before nouns—a basic aspect of English grammar that is a major problem for many non-native speakers.

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A set of typical descriptions of the term (referred to as the "stereotype") such as "transparent", "colourless", "hydrating", etc.

1404:" to stand for all of the words in the lead; this will run directly into a three-item list, in which the items are represented by 867:

Sometimes the causality is obvious; you may be able to dispense with an explicit connector altogether, using a semicolon instead:

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This is surprisingly common in FACs. Take the following sentence, which connects two ideas with the commonest contrastive link,

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Coronation Street is known for its light humour and comic characters, in the vein of the traditions of northern variety shows,

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a set of typical descriptions of the term, referred to as "the stereotype", e.g., "transparent", "colourless" and "hydrating";

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Coronation Street is known for its light humour and comic characters, in the vein of the traditions of northern variety shows

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from abroad." Women from abroad have clearly "come" from there, unless there might be confusion with the Centre's operation

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There's a tendency among some writers to use "or" between the second-last and last items in a list, where they mean "and".

2520:"The most important" indicates that you're drawing on a larger set; telling us twice will weaken the text. This is better: 46: 3720:. A rich resource of style and grammar guides, dictionaries, free software downloads and other tools for serious editors. 2777:

Where every item of a single-sentence list starts the same way, relocate the repeated text up to the lead. For example:

1422:. Hit in the upper box to reveal the example and comments on it. Please widen your window if the display is distorted. 1970: 224:

Remember that you may be able to make the current version of that article even better; please do so if that's the case.

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Miller GA (1956) The magical number seven, plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information.

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occasionally, the "in order" is required to avoid ambiguity, and of course the negative requires all words: "in order

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incomplete, take care not to double up on subset terms. Here, there's one subset term before and one after the items:

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lobby for the creation of a uniform, national voting process for Congressional representatives and the President; and

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lobby for the creation of a uniform national voting process for Congressional representatives and the President; and

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The need for a stronger central government with a unified currency and the ability to conduct the affairs of state,

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The art of writing has been glorified through the ages. This scene was painted by a Middle-Eastern artist in 1287.

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the need for a stronger central government with a unified currency and the ability to conduct the affairs of state

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The semantic indicators that place the object into a general category (e.g., "natural kind", "liquid", etc.) and

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The parenthetical remark is so long that when it finishes readers have forgotten where they were when it started.

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we have prepared to sharpen your ability to identify redundancy. These exercises use sentences taken from FACs.

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the semantic indicators that place the object into a general category, e.g., "natural kind" and "liquid"; and

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at a time will help you to keep your mind clear while writing and editing articles—especially large articles.

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Now your readers don't have to rejig their mental idea of the grammar to read each new item: much easier.

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Keep the grammar and formatting consistent. The following list mixes two common grammatical constructions.

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discernible rhythm and contains standardised signals—punctuation and new lines—to help the reader through.

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Does the writer want to emphasise that both spending categories occur at the same time? Surely not—here,

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Academics and technical writers seem to love the last four items in this list; they should know better.

62: 2436:(avoid in encyclopedic text—it means "and the rest", and suggests that you can't be bothered to tell us) 1032:"Planning" expenditure is allocated to development schemes outlined in the federal government's plans, 596:

such as foreign policy (and that could bind all of the states under negotiated treaties and agreements

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India's leading financial centre". Here, the present tense of "is" says it all. Similarly, in "After

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As you strengthen your ability to tighten prose, you'll find many types of redundancy. Here are six:

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this, but try to keep lined lists few in number and short, or your article will be seen as "listy".

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For example, "The cigar smoker burns the dried leaves of the tobacco plant but does not inhale the

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These can turn a hedgehog sentence into something more manageable. Full repetitions such as this:

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No, that indicates that natural numbers can be other things as well; they can't. This is correct:

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or you could indicate the relationship of the items to the set and to each other more precisely:

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Any of the above without parentheses or square brackets, followed by significantly indented text.

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Many Wikipedians have skills that would have placed them in the literary elite in medieval times.

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LaBerge D and Samuels SJ (1974) Toward a theory of automatic information processing in reading.

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As above, some people prefer a comma, or no punctuation and no "and", instead of the semicolons.

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many of the show's actors having previously worked in repertory theatre, notably the Oldham Rep.

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many African-Americans were not permitted to vote and the Supreme Court endorsed the injustice.

3712:. Treatment of many writing issues; part of Purdue University's wide-ranging site for writers. 840:

A comma is usually unnecessary if the causal link is in the middle of a clause. For example:

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we should create infrastructure that encourages contributors to improve their writing skills.

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foreign policy as a way of binding all of the states under negotiated treaties and agreements

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Words for which the meaning is easily recoverable from the context or from general knowledge.

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Conscientious people are accustomed to continuously working on a single task, but working on

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the object to which the term refers, e.g., the object individuated by the chemical formula H

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of the time; it can still mean that only one item applies on any one occasion. For example:

2237: 3736:. A good read, set out as short entries in alphabetical order. Some eccentricities, though! 1088:

the third chapter ("International money laundering") discussing the financing of terrorism.

678:

To integrate ideas into a sentence, we need to ask ourselves whether their relationship is

599:(rather than be undermined by a single state's refusal to agree to an international treaty) 1765:

You can use other types of numbering (see "Alternative systems of numbering lists" below).

8: 3760:. Enter a word (AmEng spelling) to search for dictionary websites that include that word. 3131:

Hit in the top box to view hints. Hit in the bottom box to view the improved version.

2244:(1906), by Swedish painter Carl Larsson (1853–1919), famous for his idyllic watercolours 1879:

Some people feel that a lined list is so visually obvious that the "and" is unnecessary

1079:

as an additive link is another common problem on WP; it's usually awkward. For example:

208:

versions of an article you know has been significantly improved. Here's how to do this:

2217:

Price stability, or low levels of inflation; this is widely regarded as a prerequisite

2177:

Price stability, or low levels of inflation; this is widely regarded as a prerequisite

462:

the subsequent clauses and are simply slotted into the gaps by the reader. Ironically,

3851:. A huge site, full of helpful advice and interactive quizzes. For example, check out 3794: 3147:

The object to which the term refers (the object individuated by the chemical formula H

2577:

In any case, it's usually unnecessary to tell us how many items we're about to read.

2273:—use if there are numerals within the items that may clash with the numbering system. 2048:

even be changed to a full-stop); this is another reason to use a multi-sentence list.

563:

treaty) led to the stronger federal government that was negotiated at the Convention.

73:

that may help you to improve your writing and editing are at the end of the article.

3839: 3708: 2029:

or low levels of inflation; this is widely regarded as a prerequisite for a healthy

1354:

Here are the basic questions that you'll need to answer when you construct a list.

1102:

There are 10 chapters in the protocol; the third ("International money laundering")

432:

smoke". We already know that smoke results from the burning of dried tobacco leaves.

3847: 3010:

Manhattan has many famous landmarks, tourist attractions, museums and universities.

2060:

sentence as follows, although it is typical to use a lined list for this. The lead

1377:, in which each item occupies a new, bulletted or numbered line (Types 4, 5 and 7)? 1139:

many of the show's actors had worked in repertory theatre, notably the Oldham Rep.

3740: 2596: 2200:

Macro-economics concerns three policy goals that have been the pre-occupation of

2162:

Macro-economics concerns three policy goals that have been the pre-occupation of

2051:

The lead contains a strong forward-link: "three policy goals". This is necessary

1974: 438:

For example, "Although not the first scheme of its kind, it was the largest when

1333: 1229:—very close ideas; when combined, the resulting sentence should not be too long. 579:

It's not obvious what's modified by the relative clause between the parentheses.

269:

Did alarm bells ring as you read it? Here, the redundancies are struck through:

3787: 3780: 1204: 653:

along the same lines, in case you want to practise chopping up long sentences.

3885: 2297:—possible. There are variations on the spelt-out numbering system, among them: 2068:

Macro-economics concerns three policy goals that have been the pre-occupation

2016:

Macro-economics concerns three policy goals that have been the pre-occupation

1601:

This is the "marked" version of the previous example: the lead is followed by

3905: 2700:

item without checking the residual formatting. Here's the original sentence.

2592: 1303:

closely connected that we might consider joining them with a comma plus and:

690:. Causal relationships are usually obvious, so we'll deal with these first. 289:

influenced popular opinion and was feared by the conservative administration.

1867:

This list is still formatted as a single sentence, so each item starts with

1603:

a colon (a "drum roll") that firmly announces the list; the item boundaries

1235:

A link with a full-stop—less close ideas, neither of which should be stubby.

602:

led to the stronger federal government that was negotiated at the Convention

3027:

The Mayans widely believed that tobacco has magical powers, and used it in

3001:

At first glance, the reader is justified in asking: "Isn't the comic strip

2588: 2192:

Numbering is possible instead of bullets, but only if there's a reason for

1618:

This version is unusual for such a short, simple list—it might be regarded

1232:

A link with a semicolon—reasonably close ideas; length is not as important.

180: 161: 3700:. A free online dictionary resource, with a search box for looking up the 2957:

Alternative terms for herbal tea that avoid the misleading word "tea" are

2937:

Alternative terms for herbal tea that avoid the misleading word "tea" are

1881:

as a signal that the last item follows. However, a formally treated whole

1620:

as having a "choppy" effect. Use it if you want to emphasise the list, or

736:

Researchers have identified the three genes responsible for this disease,

631:

undermined by a single state's refusal to agree to an international treaty

1605:

are semicolons, which are stronger boundaries, but commas are acceptable

1532:

Minimal punctuation and the lack of new lines allow the weakest possible

659: 635:

led to the negotiation of a stronger federal government at the Convention

2058:

You could make each item a nominal group rather than a full grammatical

1610:

The grammar has been changed so that the lead could function as a stand-

228: 3732: 1740:

This example is even more "marked" because the numbered boundaries are

17: 2928:. Using "and" doesn't necessarily mean that all items in a list apply 2046:

Item (2) comprises two segments separated by a semicolon (which could

2044:

Here, the items are large enough to make each a stand-alone sentence.

359:

built-up areas of strip development", and "The scheme does not remove

2583: 2572:

colours—grey, dark-green, light-green and tan—for optimal camouflage.

2558:

colours—grey, dark-green, light-green and tan—for optimal camouflage.

2528:

biographies are on Graham Greene, Patrick White and Ernest Hemingway.

2337:—this is not as neat as two parentheses, and slightly harder to read. 2286:

Any of the above, enclosed in square brackets—possible, but uncommon.

1872:

Commas instead of semicolons are acceptable, unless there are commas

3768:. Find out what any acronym, abbreviation, or initialism stands for. 3692:. Advice from the Undergraduate Writing Center, University of Texas. 2754:

Their new technology produced all of the required sounds, including

2732:

Their new technology produced all of the required sounds, including

2549:, specify the number of items in the lead. For example, instead of: 2511:

biographies are on Graham Greene, Patrick White and Ernest Hemingway

2053:

because the full-stops don't push the reader forwards as do colons,

351:

seawater is salty", "The highway expands to four lanes as it passes

1751:

you want to distinctly separate the items for easier comprehension;

1628:

more complex—particularly if at least one item has internal commas

1263:

on close inspection, the shafts and tips of the feathers are black.

1259:(2) Most emu species have a grey-brown plumage of shaggy appearance 1248:

On close inspection, the shafts and tips of the feathers are black.

1244:(1) Most emu species have a grey-brown plumage of shaggy appearance 3869: 3172:

The syntactic indicators (including "concrete noun", "mass noun").

2226:

Full employment, which has the potential to reduce social problems

2185:

Full employment, which has the potential to reduce social problems

2079:

Price stability, in other words, low levels of inflation; this is

826:

But lengthen the sentence and a comma may make it easier to read:

3877: 3764: 3748: 3275:

the syntactic indicators, e.g., "concrete noun" and "mass noun".

2354:, and other highlighting of numbers/letters—this can look messy. 2210:

Economic growth, a key platform for moving people out of poverty

2171:

Economic growth, a key platform for moving people out of poverty

1874:

within the items. Some people prefer to leave each item hanging

371:

Words for which the meaning is already conveyed in another word.

3592:

Eye movement and memory in the sight reading of keyboard music

3228:

because it's short and this list is already long and complex).

2018:

of many economists and policy-makers for decades. The first is

780:

can mean "at the same time as". Take the following sentence:

3831:

Free online English lessons and ESL/EFL resources. Thanks to

3824: 3724: 1869:

a lower-case letter (unless it would normally be upper case).

57:

Copy-editing essentials, part of the Military History Academy

2848: 1344:

Controlling the strength of the boundaries between the items

1058:"central" expenditure is allocated to the state governments. 1036:"central" expenditure is allocated to the state governments. 879:

the nominator should first have called in good copy-editors.

3776:. Free online dictionaries, word games, thesaurus, and more 3716: 3696: 808:

as your causal connector unless the context disambiguates.

701:

There are two types of causal links: forward and backward.

84: 3111:

all points of view to ensure that they are neutral, (iii)

3065:

all points of view to ensure that they are neutral, (iii)

979:(usually too strong—an amplified version of "and"; if you 720:

is more at home in technical contexts. Here are examples:

172: 3756: 1757:

you want to emphasise the number of items in the list; or

1529:

This is a simple list: a short sentence with short items.

1314:

and Winona LaDuke was his vice-presidential running mate.

3788:

Russ Rowlett's online Dictionary of Units of Measurement

2830:

lobby for the tighter regulation of political donations;

2791:

lobby for the tighter regulation of political donations;

2445:

complete (which is usually the case), use terms such as

2081:

widely regarded as a prerequisite for a healthy economy

2023:

growth, a key platform for moving people out of poverty

1754:

you'll later need to refer back to the items by number;

1308:

In 1996 and 2000, he was the nominee of the Green Party

1288:

In 1996 and 2000, he was the nominee of the Green Party

236:

The rest of this article deals with specific problems.

3772: 1691:

Macro-economics concerns the three policy goals of (1)

1325:

in correcting sentences with poorly integrated ideas.

907:(avoid at the start of a sentence in formal registers) 246:

Redundancy exercises: removing fluff from your writing

2070:

of many economists and policy-makers for decades. (1)

1294:

Winona LaDuke was his vice-presidential running mate.

791:

she moved with her extended family to Mumbai in 1999.

3803:

newsroom on grammar, usage and style—a weekly column

3566:

THE REMAINDER OF THIS ARTICLE IS UNDER CONSTRUCTION.

3224:—we've chosen to replace these with the single term 3873:. An online dictionary for people learning English. 1510:Macro-economics concerns the three policy goals of 1477:Here are some of the common types of running list. 1328: 1027:is a particular problem on Knowledge. For example: 787:

Dr Gupta was unaware of the underlying complexities

740:

paving the way for the development of gene therapy.

725:

Knowledge needs to raise the standards of its prose

436:

Words that should be removed in favour of ellipsis.

202: 127:

backwards to force their minds to work differently.

3810: 3651:Chase WG and Simon HA (1973) Perception in chess, 3198:There appears to be no reason to number the items. 1892:TYPE 5 (colon plus semicolons, lined and numbered) 973:(usually too strong—an amplified version of "and") 3881:. A bit of a jungle, but perhaps worth exploring. 2344:—this can cause tension with sentence boundaries. 2087:which has the potential to reduce social problems 1883:sentence (with the "and" signal) may flow better. 1641:TYPE 3 (the addition of numbers to Models 1 or 2) 494:Ironically, flow is achieved by manipulating the 215:Locate the pre-improved version. Click that link. 3903: 1718:Macro-economics concerns three policy goals: (1) 1215:Additive relationships: how close are the ideas? 1150:Confusion between additive and contrastive links 800:she moved to Mumbai, or whether she was unaware 753:. Being longer, they're usually better avoided. 32:Exercises in weeding out fluff from article text 3371:(unless you really need to stress "insideness") 3018:Another problem arises when the categories are 2773:Relocate clause-initial repetitions to the lead 760:the second. The standard backward connector is 141:more than one section, or more than one article 2202:many economists and policy-makers for decades. 2164:many economists and policy-makers for decades. 2910:. "And" is the default for lists in English: 2782:To help strengthen the US democratic process: 1579:Macro-economics concerns three policy goals: 1373:within the paragraph (Types 1–3 and 6), or a 872:This FAC suffers from faulty prose throughout 621:. In particular, they saw federal control of 3090:) and two start with straight "-ing" verbs ( 2818:To help strengthen the US democratic process 2462:positive integers and non-negative integers. 2035:full employment, which has the potential to 1925:Macro-economics concerns three policy goals: 1827:Macro-economics concerns three policy goals: 960:Usually avoid the following additive links: 716:. They're largely interchangeable, although 189: 3725:The American Heritage Book of English Usage 1607:where there are no commas within the items. 776:can refer to time down to the present, and 708:the second. Typical forward connectors are 3484:(scientists should get this ugly duckling 3140:The vector consists of several components: 1097:(and unnecessary repetition). Rewrite as: 669:Smoothly integrating ideas into a sentence 341:Vague terms of size, number and proportion 2568:The company's land-mines are produced in 2554:The company's land-mines are produced in 1455:is smoothly integrated into its paragraph 1195:She was raised in London and Manchester, 1164:She was raised in London and Manchester, 848:the surveys failed to reveal the problem. 239: 3828:: VERY USEFUL multiple-choice exercises. 2847: 2582: 2541:Rather than using a vague term, such as 2236: 2099:TYPE 7 (lined and bulletted or numbered) 1630:(where semicolons will avoid confusion). 1615:The "Oxford" punctuation is always used. 1332: 1203: 885:If you don't need a word, don't use it! 756:In a backward link, the first statement 658: 501: 281:low circulation numbers for its day, it 227: 179: 171: 3870:Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary 3242:The vector consists of four components: 1049:; it's better just to use a semicolon: 704:In a forward link, the first statement 14: 3904: 3781:The International System of Units (SI) 3679: 3613: 3298: 3115:the copyright of the images, and (iv) 3069:the copyright of the images, and (iv) 2250:Alternative systems of numbering lists 1760:the sequence of the items is at issue. 1084:There are 10 chapters in the protocol 3597: 3584: 3208:The language needs to be consistent ( 2707:, and government revenues were waning 1792:TYPE 4 (colon plus semicolons, lined) 796:It's unclear whether she was unaware 534:You may wish to try your hand at our 418:abroad to protect women in a country. 3886:Oxford advanced learner's dictionary 3645: 3521:(unless "more than 50%" is intended) 2307:Firstly,... Secondly,... Thirdly,... 2073:Economic growth, a key platform for 983:use it, drop the "also" if possible) 3629: 3187:Let's specify the number of items ( 3119:the material into logical sections. 3078:Two of the four items start with a 3073:the material into logical sections. 2476:positive and non-negative integers. 1394: 1283:This next example is satisfactory: 772:because, but they need extra care. 23: 2361: 2340:Number/letter plus dot and space: 1541:inserting a "serial" comma before 540:in manipulating paragraph length. 24: 3923: 3702:Compact Oxford English Dictionary 3667: 3047:Consistent grammar and formatting 3022:different, usually conceptually: 2312:Firstly,... Second,... Third,.... 2294:first(ly), second(ly), third(ly), 479: 3635:Ross PE (2006) The expert mind, 2591:(1758–1843), the great American 2062:still finishes with a full-stop. 1622:where the individual items are: 1329:Improving your listing technique 1001:(ungainly and usually redundant) 817:The President lost the election 446:introduced to South Africa, and 203:Knowledge as a training resource 90:creating it in the first place. 3811:For second-language Wikipedians 3741:The Internet Grammar of English 2302:First,... Second,... Third,...; 1459:will not be obvious at a glance 1017:Two poorly used additives on WP 510: 257:the elimination of redundancy. 2694:); the writer has removed the 2194:doing this; here's an example. 831:The President won the election 470:You may wish to undertake the 212:Click the "Page history" link. 85:Attaining "strategic distance" 13: 1: 3898: 3820: 3815: 3808: 3684: 3677: 3674:All of these links are free. 3672: 3665: 3580: 3575: 3573: 3563: 3543:"cited in multiple articles") 3309: 3303: 3296: 3291: 3288: 3285: 3280: 3103:Preparing a FAC involves (i) 3057:Preparing a FAC involves (i) 1987:TYPE 6 (running and numbered) 1534:boundaries between the items. 1199:went on to live in Hong Kong. 1168:went on to live in Hong Kong. 1007:(tired and usually redundant) 995:(tired and usually redundant) 989:(tired and usually redundant) 862:failed to reveal the problem. 108:Change the visual appearance. 27:Self-help writing tutorials: 3848:Guide to grammar and writing 2813:would be easier to read as: 2453:instead. Here's an example. 2262:Roman numerals, lower case: 2075:moving people out of poverty 1177:the first; it just provides 804:the move. It's safer to use 543: 121:Change your normal sequence. 7: 2333:Closing parenthesis alone: 2277:Roman letters, upper case: 2268:Roman letters, lower case: 2242:The model writing postcards 1552:TYPE 2 (colon + semicolons) 1106:the financing of terrorism. 770:—are often used instead of 10: 3928: 3107:the text many times, (ii) 3061:the text many times, (ii) 2292:English words plus comma: 1876:without final punctuation. 1125:Uncomfortable to read? It 528:short, "stubby" paragraphs 483: 473:series of graded exercises 243: 69:true for other languages. 37:Advanced editing exercises 3757:OneLook dictionary search 3191:), rather than the vague 1483:TYPE 1 (nothing + commas) 1445:and colouring the items. 1045:is a poor substitute for 926:nevertheless/nonetheless, 812:and thus needs no comma: 758:is caused by or led to by 617:The delegates identified 486:Exercises in textual flow 190:Longer-term self-training 137:Alternate your work-flow. 47:Build your linking skills 3891:User:The Duke of Waltham 3733:The Guardian style guide 3128:Show to see the hints. 2764:four-voice music samples 2742:four-voice music samples 1973:, and were changed to a 1748:the list is complicated; 1742:visually more intrusive. 1470:neater visual appearance 1319:You may wish to try our 1173:The second idea doesn't 1111:Here's another example: 751:for this/these reason(s) 745:Other forward links are 52:Using hyphens and dashes 3466:or another construction 2988:He was responsible for 1964:Multiple-sentence lists 1745:Numbers are useful if: 1299:However, the ideas are 1190:—will fix the problem: 853:could be changed into: 3835:for pointing me to it. 3773:Merriam-Webster Online 2855: 2717:Unnecessary repetition 2600: 2494:non-negative integers. 2245: 2055:semicolons and commas. 2037:reduce social problems 1338: 1209: 664: 507: 291: 273:While the journal had 267: 240:Eliminating redundancy 233: 186: 177: 66: 3854:this interactive quiz 3689:Eliminating Wordiness 3236:SUGGESTED IMPROVEMENT 2851: 2586: 2536:Vagueness in the lead 2240: 2219:for a healthy economy 2179:for a healthy economy 1975:multi-sentence format 1428:Single-sentence lists 1362:(Types 1–5 below) or 1336: 1208:Spelling at its worst 1207: 977:not only ... but also 918:(usually better than 662: 505: 271: 263: 231: 183: 175: 25: 3912:User essays on style 3653:Cognitive Psychology 3621:Cognitive Psychology 3605:Psychological Review 3549:due to the fact that 3113:the justification of 922:in formal registers) 762:because. Two others— 629:had frequently been 520:Over-long paragraphs 131:Read the text aloud. 3833:The Duke of Waltham 3680:For all Wikipedians 3637:Scientific American 3299:Misplaced formality 3117:the organisation of 3105:the copy-editing of 3088:the organisation of 3071:the organisation of 2749:can be reduced to: 2595:, textbook author, 2526:The most important 2509:The most important 1358:Will it comprise a 971:as well/as well as, 2856: 2601: 2393:in formal writing) 2246: 1364:multiple sentences 1339: 1210: 706:causes or leads to 665: 550:Chopping up snakes 508: 393:In those instances 234: 187: 178: 95:strategic distance 42:Spot the ambiguity 3840:The Owl at Purdue 3709:The Owl at Purdue 2978:Category problems 2605:Formatting errors 2597:spelling reformer 2429:most importantly, 2256:Arabic numerals: 2085:Full employment, 2027:price stability, 891:Contrastive links 251:Redundant wording 3919: 3899: 3896: 3888: 3880: 3872: 3864: 3856: 3850: 3842: 3830: 3826:The English Page 3819: 3814: 3807: 3804: 3790: 3783: 3775: 3767: 3759: 3751: 3749:World Wide Words 3743: 3735: 3727: 3719: 3711: 3699: 3691: 3683: 3676: 3671: 3664: 3659: 3649: 3643: 3633: 3627: 3617: 3611: 3601: 3595: 3590:Souter T (2001) 3588: 3579: 3572: 3562: 3559: 3554: 3551: 3544: 3537: 3532: 3529: 3522: 3519: 3514: 3511: 3504: 3499: 3496: 3489: 3488:of their system) 3482: 3477: 3474: 3467: 3464: 3459: 3456: 3449: 3444: 3441: 3434: 3429: 3426: 3419: 3414:to", and "so as 3404: 3399: 3396: 3390: 3387: 3382: 3379: 3372: 3369: 3364: 3361: 3354: 3349: 3346: 3339: 3334: 3331: 3324: 3319: 3316: 3308: 3302: 3295: 3289: 3286: 3282: 3277: 3270: 3263: 3256: 3244: 3237: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3194: 3190: 3174: 3167: 3160: 3153: 3141: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3106: 3097: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3072: 3068: 3064: 3060: 3049: 3034: 3030: 2995: 2991: 2980: 2963: 2943: 2927: 2921: 2915: 2909: 2901: 2893: 2884: 2878: 2872: 2864: 2863: 2854: 2841: 2836: 2831: 2825: 2822: 2819: 2808: 2805: 2800: 2797: 2792: 2789: 2783: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2719: 2708: 2699: 2693: 2687: 2670: 2664: 2658: 2652: 2644: 2638: 2632: 2624: 2618: 2607: 2571: 2557: 2548: 2544: 2538: 2527: 2514: 2510: 2493: 2489: 2486:Natural numbers 2475: 2472:Natural numbers 2461: 2458:Natural numbers 2452: 2448: 2435: 2430: 2425: 2421: 2416: 2412: 2407: 2402: 2398: 2392: 2388: 2383: 2379: 2370: 2343: 2336: 2324: 2313: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2295: 2283: 2280: 2274: 2271: 2265: 2259: 2252: 2227: 2220: 2211: 2204: 2186: 2180: 2172: 2166: 2159: 2148: 2142: 2136: 2128: 2121: 2115: 2109: 2106: 2100: 2088: 2082: 2076: 2071: 2038: 2032: 2025:. The second is 2024: 2019: 2012: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1989: 1971:single sentences 1966: 1948: 1940: 1932: 1922: 1912: 1906: 1900: 1894: 1857: 1847: 1837: 1825: 1813: 1807: 1801: 1794: 1782: 1776: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1692: 1687: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1666: 1662: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1646: 1642: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1577: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1508: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1484: 1471: 1467: 1460: 1456: 1437: 1430: 1421: 1415: 1409: 1395:Basic categories 1366:(Types 6 and 7)? 1313: 1293: 1262: 1247: 1228: 1217: 1198: 1189: 1184: 1167: 1158: 1152: 1138: 1119: 1105: 1087: 1078: 1057: 1048: 1044: 1035: 1026: 1019: 1006: 1000: 994: 988: 978: 972: 966: 956: 943: 933: 927: 921: 917: 912: 906: 893: 878: 861: 847: 834: 820: 807: 790: 782: 781: 779: 775: 769: 765: 752: 748: 739: 728: 719: 715: 711: 698: 671: 636: 632: 628: 624: 620: 603: 600: 597: 594: 552: 452: 444: 430: 412: 404: 395: 386: 378: 365: 357: 349: 335: 323: 315: 287: 279: 93:You can achieve 3927: 3926: 3922: 3921: 3920: 3918: 3917: 3916: 3902: 3901: 3884: 3878:Your dictionary 3876: 3868: 3860: 3852: 3846: 3838: 3823: 3813: 3799:Notes from the 3793: 3786: 3779: 3771: 3763: 3755: 3747: 3739: 3731: 3723: 3715: 3707: 3695: 3687: 3682: 3670: 3663: 3662: 3650: 3646: 3634: 3630: 3618: 3614: 3602: 3598: 3589: 3585: 3578: 3570: 3555: 3552: 3547: 3538: 3533: 3530: 3525: 3520: 3515: 3512: 3509:the majority of 3507: 3500: 3497: 3492: 3483: 3478: 3475: 3470: 3465: 3460: 3457: 3454:notwithstanding 3452: 3445: 3442: 3437: 3430: 3427: 3422: 3405: 3400: 3397: 3392: 3388: 3383: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3365: 3362: 3357: 3350: 3347: 3342: 3335: 3332: 3327: 3320: 3317: 3312: 3301: 3293: 3290: 3287: 3273: 3266: 3259: 3253: 3248: 3245: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3232: 3231: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3192: 3188: 3182: 3177: 3170: 3163: 3156: 3151:O, for example) 3150: 3145: 3139: 3134: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3109:the checking of 3108: 3104: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3084:the checking of 3083: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3063:the checking of 3062: 3058: 3045: 3044: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3011: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2976: 2975: 2968: 2965:herbal infusion 2961: 2948: 2945:herbal infusion 2941: 2923: 2917: 2911: 2905: 2897: 2889: 2880: 2874: 2868: 2859: 2858: 2852: 2845: 2839: 2834: 2829: 2823: 2820: 2817: 2816: 2812: 2806: 2803: 2798: 2795: 2790: 2787: 2781: 2780: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2762:and eventually 2759: 2755: 2745: 2741: 2740:and eventually 2737: 2733: 2723:Hanging hyphens 2715: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2695: 2689: 2683: 2682:This is wrong ( 2678: 2666: 2660: 2654: 2648: 2640: 2634: 2628: 2620: 2614: 2603: 2580: 2573: 2569: 2559: 2555: 2546: 2542: 2534: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2477: 2473: 2463: 2459: 2450: 2446: 2433: 2428: 2423: 2420:among which are 2419: 2414: 2411:, for example, 2410: 2405: 2401:, in particular 2400: 2396: 2390: 2386: 2381: 2377: 2366: 2364: 2362:Common problems 2341: 2334: 2328:Not recommended 2320: 2319: 2311: 2306: 2301: 2296: 2293: 2281: 2278: 2272: 2269: 2263: 2257: 2248: 2234: 2232: 2231: 2225: 2218: 2216: 2209: 2201: 2198: 2193: 2184: 2178: 2176: 2170: 2163: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2151: 2146: 2144: 2140: 2138: 2134: 2132: 2126: 2119: 2117: 2113: 2111: 2107: 2104: 2102: 2101: 2098: 2093: 2092: 2086: 2084: 2080: 2078: 2074: 2072: 2069: 2067: 2061: 2059: 2054: 2052: 2047: 2045: 2036: 2034: 2033:. The third is 2030: 2028: 2026: 2022: 2020: 2017: 2015: 2013: 2008: 2005: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1990: 1985: 1980: 1962: 1961: 1959: 1958: 1950: 1946:full employment 1944: 1942: 1938:price stability 1936: 1934: 1930:economic growth 1928: 1926: 1923: 1918: 1915: 1910: 1908: 1904: 1902: 1898: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1887: 1886: 1882: 1880: 1875: 1873: 1868: 1863: 1855:full employment 1853: 1845:price stability 1843: 1835:economic growth 1833: 1824: 1820: 1817: 1811: 1805: 1799: 1793: 1791: 1779: 1772: 1771: 1769: 1768: 1741: 1736: 1731:full employment 1730: 1727:price stability 1726: 1722: 1720: 1717: 1710: 1704:full employment 1703: 1700:price stability 1699: 1695: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1683: 1680: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1664: 1663: 1660: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1644: 1643: 1640: 1636: 1635: 1629: 1621: 1619: 1612:alone sentence. 1611: 1606: 1604: 1602: 1597: 1591:full employment 1590: 1587:price stability 1586: 1582: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1569: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1547: 1546: 1542: 1533: 1522:full employment 1521: 1518:price stability 1517: 1513: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1500: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1485: 1482: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1458: 1454: 1450:A running list 1433: 1426: 1425: 1417: 1411: 1405: 1397: 1391: 1360:single sentence 1331: 1315: 1309: 1295: 1289: 1275: 1264: 1260: 1249: 1245: 1226: 1213: 1212: 1200: 1196: 1187: 1182: 1169: 1165: 1156: 1148: 1147: 1140: 1136: 1121: 1117: 1107: 1103: 1089: 1085: 1074: 1070: 1059: 1055: 1046: 1042: 1037: 1033: 1022: 1015: 1014: 1004: 998: 992: 986: 976: 970: 964: 954: 939: 938: 932:in/by contrast, 931: 925: 919: 915: 910: 904: 889: 888: 884: 880: 873: 863: 859: 849: 845: 836: 832: 822: 818: 805: 792: 788: 777: 773: 771: 767: 763: 761: 750: 746: 741: 737: 730: 726: 717: 713: 709: 694: 693: 667: 656: 647:We've prepared 639: 634: 630: 627:foreign policy 626: 622: 618: 606: 601: 598: 595: 592: 565: 548: 546: 513: 488: 482: 448: 440: 426: 408: 400: 391: 382: 374: 361: 353: 345: 331: 327:The Kroonland's 319: 311: 283: 275: 248: 242: 205: 192: 87: 22: 21: 20: 12: 11: 5: 3925: 3915: 3914: 3895: 3894: 3882: 3874: 3866: 3858: 3844: 3836: 3812: 3809: 3806: 3805: 3801:New York Times 3796:After Deadline 3791: 3784: 3777: 3769: 3765:Acronym Finder 3761: 3753: 3745: 3737: 3729: 3721: 3713: 3705: 3693: 3681: 3678: 3669: 3668:External links 3666: 3661: 3660: 3644: 3628: 3612: 3596: 3582: 3581: 3577: 3574: 3561: 3560: 3545: 3523: 3505: 3490: 3468: 3450: 3435: 3420: 3373: 3355: 3340: 3325: 3300: 3297: 3284: 3283: 3278: 3271: 3264: 3257: 3251: 3239: 3234: 3233: 3230: 3229: 3206: 3202: 3199: 3196: 3178: 3176: 3175: 3168: 3161: 3154: 3148: 3137: 3136: 3122: 3121: 3102: 3080:nominalisation 3076: 3075: 3056: 3038: 3037: 3026: 3013: 3012: 3009: 2999: 2998: 2987: 2970: 2969: 2956: 2950: 2949: 2936: 2861:"And" and "or" 2843: 2842: 2837: 2832: 2810: 2809: 2801: 2793: 2769: 2768: 2753: 2747: 2746: 2731: 2712: 2711: 2704: 2680: 2679: 2676: 2673: 2672: 2646: 2626: 2575: 2574: 2567: 2561: 2560: 2553: 2531: 2530: 2524: 2518: 2517: 2513:, among others 2507: 2497: 2496: 2485: 2479: 2478: 2471: 2465: 2464: 2457: 2438: 2437: 2431: 2426: 2424:among them ... 2417: 2408: 2403: 2397:, particularly 2394: 2389:(preferred to 2384: 2363: 2360: 2359: 2358: 2355: 2345: 2338: 2317: 2316: 2315: 2314: 2309: 2304: 2290: 2287: 2284: 2275: 2266: 2264:(i) (ii) (iii) 2260: 2230: 2229: 2222: 2213: 2196: 2195: 2189: 2188: 2182: 2174: 2152: 2095: 2094: 2064: 2063: 2056: 2049: 2006: 1983: 1982: 1957: 1956: 1916: 1889: 1888: 1885: 1884: 1877: 1870: 1861: 1860: 1850: 1840: 1818: 1816: 1815: 1809: 1803: 1789: 1788: 1767: 1766: 1763: 1762: 1761: 1758: 1755: 1752: 1749: 1743: 1681: 1638: 1637: 1634: 1633: 1632: 1631: 1626: 1616: 1613: 1608: 1570: 1549: 1548: 1545: 1544: 1535: 1530: 1501: 1480: 1479: 1475: 1474: 1449: 1396: 1393: 1386: 1385: 1378: 1371:"running" list 1367: 1330: 1327: 1317: 1316: 1307: 1297: 1296: 1287: 1277: 1276: 1273: 1266: 1265: 1258: 1251: 1250: 1243: 1237: 1236: 1233: 1230: 1202: 1201: 1194: 1171: 1170: 1163: 1142: 1141: 1134: 1123: 1122: 1115: 1109: 1108: 1101: 1091: 1090: 1083: 1072: 1071: 1068: 1061: 1060: 1053: 1039: 1038: 1031: 1009: 1008: 1002: 996: 990: 984: 974: 968: 958: 957: 941:Additive links 936: 935: 934:(very pointed) 929: 923: 913: 908: 882: 881: 871: 865: 864: 857: 851: 850: 844: 838: 837: 830: 824: 823: 816: 794: 793: 786: 743: 742: 735: 732: 731: 724: 641: 640: 625:; until then, 615: 608: 607: 590: 581: 580: 577: 574: 567: 566: 560: 545: 542: 512: 509: 481: 480:Achieving flow 478: 468: 467: 433: 419: 373:For example, " 368: 338: 307:Temporal terms 304: 301:Additive terms 241: 238: 226: 225: 222: 219: 216: 213: 204: 201: 191: 188: 166: 165: 159: 145: 144: 134: 128: 118: 115:Take time out. 112: 86: 83: 71:External links 60: 59: 54: 49: 44: 39: 34: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3924: 3913: 3910: 3909: 3907: 3900: 3892: 3887: 3883: 3879: 3875: 3871: 3867: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3849: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3834: 3829: 3827: 3822: 3821: 3818: 3802: 3798: 3797: 3792: 3789: 3785: 3782: 3778: 3774: 3770: 3766: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3750: 3746: 3742: 3738: 3734: 3730: 3726: 3722: 3718: 3717:Better Editor 3714: 3710: 3706: 3703: 3698: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3685: 3675: 3657: 3654: 3648: 3641: 3638: 3632: 3625: 3622: 3616: 3609: 3606: 3600: 3593: 3587: 3583: 3571: 3568: 3567: 3558: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3536: 3528: 3524: 3518: 3510: 3506: 3503: 3495: 3491: 3487: 3481: 3473: 3469: 3463: 3455: 3451: 3448: 3440: 3436: 3433: 3425: 3421: 3417: 3413: 3409: 3403: 3395: 3386: 3378: 3374: 3368: 3360: 3356: 3353: 3345: 3341: 3338: 3330: 3326: 3323: 3315: 3311: 3310: 3307: 3294: 3279: 3276: 3272: 3269: 3265: 3262: 3258: 3255: 3247: 3246: 3243: 3207: 3203: 3200: 3197: 3186: 3185: 3184: 3183: 3173: 3169: 3166: 3162: 3159: 3155: 3152: 3144: 3143: 3142: 3135: 3132: 3129: 3125: 3101: 3100: 3099: 3081: 3055: 3054: 3053: 3050: 3048: 3042: 3025: 3024: 3023: 3021: 3016: 3008: 3007: 3006: 3004: 2996:in Megatokyo. 2986: 2985: 2984: 2981: 2979: 2973: 2966: 2960: 2955: 2954: 2953: 2946: 2940: 2935: 2934: 2933: 2931: 2926: 2920: 2914: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2883: 2877: 2871: 2865: 2862: 2850: 2846: 2838: 2833: 2828: 2827: 2826: 2814: 2802: 2794: 2786: 2785: 2784: 2778: 2775: 2774: 2752: 2751: 2750: 2730: 2729: 2728: 2725: 2724: 2720: 2718: 2703: 2702: 2701: 2698: 2692: 2686: 2675: 2674: 2669: 2663: 2657: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2637: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2617: 2613: 2612: 2611: 2608: 2606: 2598: 2594: 2593:lexicographer 2590: 2587:The house of 2585: 2581: 2578: 2566: 2565: 2564: 2552: 2551: 2550: 2539: 2537: 2523: 2522: 2521: 2506: 2505: 2504: 2502: 2499:If your list 2484: 2483: 2482: 2470: 2469: 2468: 2456: 2455: 2454: 2444: 2432: 2427: 2418: 2409: 2404: 2395: 2385: 2376: 2375: 2374: 2371: 2369: 2356: 2353: 2349: 2346: 2339: 2332: 2331: 2330: 2329: 2325: 2323: 2310: 2305: 2300: 2299: 2291: 2288: 2285: 2282:—less common. 2276: 2267: 2261: 2255: 2254: 2253: 2251: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2223: 2214: 2207: 2206: 2205: 2203: 2191: 2190: 2183: 2175: 2169: 2168: 2167: 2165: 2158: 2150: 2129: 2124: 2123: 2091: 2090: 2057: 2050: 2043: 2042: 2041: 2040: 2011: 2004: 1991:LEAD. First, 1988: 1981: 1978: 1976: 1972: 1967: 1965: 1954: 1953: 1952: 1951: 1947: 1939: 1931: 1921: 1914: 1878: 1871: 1866: 1865: 1864: 1859: 1856: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1841: 1839: 1836: 1831: 1830: 1829: 1828: 1823: 1810: 1804: 1798: 1797: 1796: 1787: 1783: 1777: 1775: 1764: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1747: 1746: 1744: 1739: 1738: 1737: 1734: 1715: 1713: 1708: 1707: 1686: 1679: 1627: 1624: 1623: 1617: 1614: 1609: 1600: 1599: 1598: 1595: 1594: 1575: 1568: 1540: 1537:We recommend 1536: 1531: 1528: 1527: 1526: 1525: 1506: 1499: 1478: 1464: 1453: 1448: 1447: 1446: 1444: 1438: 1436: 1435:Running lists 1431: 1429: 1423: 1420: 1414: 1408: 1403: 1392: 1389: 1383: 1380:What kind of 1379: 1376: 1372: 1369:Will it be a 1368: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1356: 1355: 1352: 1348: 1345: 1335: 1326: 1324: 1323: 1312: 1306: 1305: 1304: 1302: 1292: 1286: 1285: 1284: 1281: 1272: 1271: 1270: 1257: 1256: 1255: 1242: 1241: 1240: 1234: 1231: 1224: 1223: 1222: 1218: 1216: 1206: 1193: 1192: 1191: 1180: 1176: 1162: 1161: 1160: 1153: 1151: 1145: 1133: 1132: 1131: 1128: 1114: 1113: 1112: 1100: 1099: 1098: 1096: 1093:Far too much 1082: 1081: 1080: 1077: 1067: 1066: 1065: 1052: 1051: 1050: 1030: 1029: 1028: 1025: 1020: 1018: 1012: 1003: 999:additionally, 997: 991: 985: 982: 975: 969: 963: 962: 961: 953: 952: 951: 949: 944: 942: 930: 928:(less common) 924: 914: 909: 903: 902: 901: 899: 894: 892: 886: 877: 870: 869: 868: 856: 855: 854: 843: 842: 841: 829: 828: 827: 815: 814: 813: 809: 803: 799: 785: 784: 783: 759: 754: 734: 733: 723: 722: 721: 707: 702: 699: 697: 691: 689: 685: 681: 676: 672: 670: 661: 657: 654: 652: 651: 645: 638: 614: 613: 612: 605: 589: 588: 587: 584: 578: 575: 572: 571: 570: 564: 559: 558: 557: 553: 551: 541: 539: 538: 532: 529: 524: 521: 517: 504: 500: 497: 492: 487: 477: 475: 474: 465: 461: 458:; both words 457: 453: 451: 445: 443: 437: 434: 431: 429: 423: 420: 417: 413: 411: 405: 403: 396: 394: 387: 385: 377: 372: 369: 366: 364: 358: 356: 350: 348: 342: 339: 336: 334: 333:was completed 328: 324: 322: 316: 314: 308: 305: 302: 299: 298: 297: 294: 290: 288: 286: 280: 278: 270: 266: 262: 258: 256: 252: 247: 237: 230: 223: 220: 217: 214: 211: 210: 209: 200: 196: 182: 174: 170: 163: 160: 157: 154: 153: 152: 149: 142: 138: 135: 132: 129: 126: 122: 119: 116: 113: 109: 106: 105: 104: 101: 96: 91: 82: 80: 74: 72: 65: 64: 58: 55: 53: 50: 48: 45: 43: 40: 38: 35: 33: 30: 29: 28: 19: 3897: 3862:HyperGrammar 3825: 3816: 3800: 3795: 3701: 3673: 3655: 3652: 3647: 3639: 3636: 3631: 3623: 3620: 3615: 3607: 3604: 3599: 3591: 3586: 3569: 3565: 3564: 3556: 3548: 3540: 3534: 3526: 3516: 3508: 3501: 3493: 3485: 3479: 3471: 3461: 3458:(yuck) —> 3453: 3446: 3438: 3431: 3423: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3401: 3393: 3385:in order for 3384: 3376: 3366: 3358: 3351: 3343: 3336: 3328: 3321: 3313: 3304: 3292: 3274: 3267: 3260: 3249: 3241: 3180: 3179: 3171: 3164: 3157: 3146: 3138: 3133: 3130: 3126: 3123: 3092:copy-editing 3077: 3059:copy-editing 3051: 3046: 3043: 3039: 3019: 3017: 3014: 3002: 3000: 2990:the contents 2982: 2977: 2974: 2971: 2964: 2958: 2951: 2944: 2938: 2929: 2924: 2918: 2912: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2881: 2875: 2869: 2866: 2860: 2857: 2844: 2815: 2811: 2779: 2776: 2772: 2770: 2748: 2726: 2722: 2721: 2716: 2713: 2696: 2690: 2684: 2681: 2667: 2661: 2655: 2649: 2641: 2635: 2629: 2621: 2615: 2609: 2604: 2602: 2589:Noah Webster 2579: 2576: 2562: 2556:a variety of 2540: 2535: 2532: 2519: 2500: 2498: 2480: 2466: 2442: 2439: 2406:, especially 2372: 2368:Subset terms 2367: 2365: 2351: 2347: 2327: 2326: 2321: 2318: 2249: 2247: 2241: 2233: 2199: 2197: 2161: 2155: 2153: 2130: 2125: 2097: 2096: 2066: 2065: 2014: 2009: 2007: 1986: 1984: 1979: 1968: 1963: 1960: 1945: 1937: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1917: 1890: 1862: 1854: 1852: 1844: 1842: 1834: 1832: 1826: 1821: 1819: 1790: 1784: 1778: 1773: 1770: 1735: 1716: 1711: 1709: 1689: 1684: 1682: 1639: 1596: 1578: 1573: 1571: 1550: 1538: 1509: 1504: 1502: 1481: 1476: 1466:greater flow 1462: 1451: 1442: 1439: 1434: 1432: 1427: 1424: 1418: 1412: 1406: 1401: 1398: 1390: 1387: 1381: 1375:"lined" list 1374: 1370: 1363: 1359: 1353: 1349: 1343: 1340: 1321: 1318: 1310: 1300: 1298: 1290: 1282: 1278: 1267: 1252: 1238: 1225:A link with 1219: 1214: 1211: 1178: 1174: 1172: 1154: 1149: 1146: 1143: 1126: 1124: 1110: 1094: 1092: 1075: 1073: 1062: 1040: 1023: 1021: 1016: 1013: 1010: 1005:in addition, 993:furthermore, 980: 959: 947: 946:The typical 945: 940: 937: 897: 895: 890: 887: 883: 875: 866: 858:The surveys 852: 839: 825: 821:he's a fool. 810: 801: 797: 795: 757: 755: 744: 727:; therefore, 705: 703: 700: 696:Causal links 695: 692: 687: 683: 679: 677: 673: 668: 666: 655: 649: 646: 642: 616: 609: 591: 585: 582: 568: 561: 554: 549: 547: 536: 533: 527: 525: 519: 518: 514: 511:Paragraphing 495: 493: 489: 472: 469: 463: 459: 449: 447: 441: 439: 435: 427: 425: 421: 415: 409: 407: 402:subsequently 401: 399: 392: 390: 383: 381: 375: 370: 362: 360: 354: 352: 346: 344: 340: 332: 330: 329:fitting out 326: 320: 318: 312: 310: 306: 300: 295: 292: 284: 282: 276: 274: 272: 268: 264: 259: 254: 249: 235: 206: 197: 193: 167: 162:automaticity 150: 146: 140: 136: 130: 124: 120: 114: 107: 100:Show preview 99: 94: 92: 88: 75: 67: 61: 26: 3377:in order to 3210:for example 3041:sentences. 3029:divinations 2994:comic strip 2952:should be: 2738:three-voice 2599:and editor. 2451:consists of 2352:italicising 2279:(A) (B) (C) 2270:(a) (b) (c) 2258:(1) (2) (3) 1774:Lined lists 1130:semicolon: 967:(ambiguous) 900:links are: 898:contrastive 747:accordingly 684:contrastive 526:Similarly, 484:Main page: 244:Main page: 3697:Ask Oxford 3576:References 3096:justifying 3067:justifying 2488:are either 2322:Formatting 1995:. Second, 1729:; and (3) 1702:, and (3) 1674:; and (3) 1654:, and (3) 1625:longer; or 1543:the "and". 1382:boundaries 1179:additional 1175:contradict 876:therefore, 460:hover over 277:relatively 18:User:Tony1 3439:thereupon 3432:until now 3222:including 3033:talismans 2821:, you can 2734:two-voice 2563:make it: 2490:positive 2447:comprises 2434:..., etc. 2387:, such as 2382:including 2021:economic 1999:. Third, 1721:economic 1694:economic 1665:LEAD: (1) 1581:economic 1512:economic 1322:exercises 1104:discusses 987:moreover, 950:link is: 833:, because 710:therefore 650:exercises 544:Sentences 428:resulting 321:currently 3906:Category 3626::293–323 3527:multiple 3494:prior to 3424:hitherto 2474:comprise 2378:includes 2342:1. 2. 3. 2335:1) 2) 3) 2156:EXAMPLES 2010:EXAMPLES 1645:LEAD (1) 948:additive 916:although 911:however, 896:Typical 680:additive 537:exercise 456:ellipsis 410:who come 156:chunking 79:talkpage 3557:because 3472:utilise 3462:despite 3329:amongst 3214:such as 3193:several 2804:you can 2796:you can 2788:you can 2547:various 2543:several 2460:include 2348:Bolding 2031:economy 1920:EXAMPLE 1822:EXAMPLE 1795:LEAD: 1685:EXAMPLE 1574:EXAMPLE 1505:EXAMPLE 819:because 806:because 798:because 633:. This 384:its own 255:demands 3642::46–53 3640:295(2) 3610::81–97 3553:—> 3502:before 3359:within 3314:whilst 2959:tisane 2939:tisane 2887:EITHER 2885:means 2760:three- 2083:. (3) 2077:. (2) 1725:; (2) 1723:growth 1698:, (2) 1696:growth 1670:; (2) 1650:, (2) 1589:; and 1583:growth 1563:; and 1555:LEAD: 1539:always 1520:, and 1514:growth 1494:, and 1457:, and 1269:food: 1127:should 1043:while 920:though 802:during 688:causal 496:breaks 442:it was 313:future 3658::5–18 3531:—> 3513:—> 3498:—> 3476:—> 3443:—> 3428:—> 3418:to" ) 3391:just 3389:—> 3363:—> 3348:—> 3337:among 3333:—> 3322:while 3318:—> 3226:e.g., 3205:item. 3181:HINTS 2415:e.g., 2131:LEAD. 2103:LEAD. 1941:; and 1907:; and 1895:LEAD: 1848:; and 1808:; and 1486:LEAD 1186:link— 1034:while 1024:While 965:while 846:Thus, 774:Since 764:since 285:still 185:text. 125:words 16:< 3535:many 3517:most 3447:then 3408:very 3344:upon 3220:and 3189:four 3094:and 3086:and 3031:and 3003:part 2992:and 2922:and 2756:two- 2665:and 2639:and 2619:and 2570:four 2422:and 2399:and 2391:like 2380:and 2224:(3) 2215:(2) 2208:(1) 2145:(3) 2139:(2) 2133:(1) 1943:(3) 1935:(2) 1927:(1) 1909:(3) 1903:(2) 1897:(1) 1468:and 1416:and 1402:LEAD 1118:with 1086:with 1076:With 981:must 860:thus 789:, as 766:and 749:and 738:thus 718:thus 714:thus 712:and 416:from 376:Born 355:some 63:edit 3541:not 3486:out 3480:use 3416:not 3412:not 3402:for 3398:and 3381:and 3218:etc 3020:too 2962:and 2930:all 2879:or 2545:or 2449:or 2413:or 1227:and 1197:and 1188:and 1183:But 1166:but 1157:but 1095:ing 1047:and 955:and 905:but 686:or 464:not 363:any 347:All 81:. 3908:: 3608:63 3394:to 3367:in 3352:on 3254:O; 3216:, 3212:, 2967:. 2947:. 2942:or 2916:, 2903:OR 2895:OR 2873:, 2758:, 2736:, 2688:, 2659:, 2653:, 2633:, 2501:is 2492:or 2443:is 2350:, 2149:. 2127:OR 2003:. 1913:. 1733:. 1712:OR 1678:. 1661:OR 1585:; 1567:. 1559:; 1516:, 1498:. 1490:, 1410:, 1301:so 1159:. 874:; 778:as 768:as 682:, 450:it 3893:) 3656:4 3624:6 3406:( 3252:2 3195:. 3149:2 3082:( 3035:. 2925:C 2919:B 2913:A 2907:C 2899:B 2891:A 2882:C 2876:B 2870:A 2824:: 2766:. 2744:. 2709:. 2697:C 2691:B 2685:A 2671:. 2668:D 2662:C 2656:B 2650:A 2645:. 2642:C 2636:B 2630:A 2625:. 2622:B 2616:A 2515:. 2228:. 2221:. 2212:. 2187:. 2181:. 2173:. 2147:C 2143:. 2141:B 2137:. 2135:A 2122:. 2120:C 2118:* 2116:. 2114:B 2112:* 2110:. 2108:A 2105:* 2089:. 2039:. 2001:C 1997:B 1993:A 1949:. 1933:; 1911:C 1905:B 1901:; 1899:A 1858:. 1838:; 1814:. 1812:C 1806:B 1802:; 1800:A 1706:. 1676:C 1672:B 1668:A 1658:. 1656:C 1652:B 1648:A 1593:. 1565:C 1561:B 1557:A 1524:. 1496:C 1492:B 1488:A 1472:. 1463:/ 1452:/ 1443:/ 1419:C 1413:B 1407:A 1400:" 1311:, 1291:; 1261:; 1246:. 1137:; 1056:; 637:. 604:. 389:"

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