46:
392:, and thirty-nine other citizens; and a counter petition by 268 Gettysburg and 58 Cumberland township citizens favoring the trolley. The PA Attorney General denied action after the subsequent hearing: "the right of owners of private property—whatever public interest may attach to it—to dispose of it to passenger railway corporations, cannot be disputed. ...the line itself...has been chosen with a view of affording tourists the best possible means of visiting and viewing this great battlefield and doing the least possible injury to its natural conditions".
1012:"said act of Congress was simply to indicate by means of tablets the lines of battle and the general positions occupied by the two armies. It was not intended to mark each and every position assumed by each and every part of the two bodies throughout the three days of the battle. Such an attempt would be impracticable, confusing and valueless.
1225:"SUED BY A SNAP-SHOT MAN; GEN. SICKLES'S UNPLEASANT EXPERIENCE AT GETTYSBURG. A Photographer Who Was Sent Off the Field by His Order Resorts to Law -- Dedication, of the Forty-fourth New-York's Monument -- Speeches by All the Surviving Generals -- Gov. Flower Compliments the Commissioners Upon the Work They Have Done for the State"
2143:...John C. Group, of Idaville, and David Maring, of Cumberland township, have been appointed a jury of viewers to condemn five tracts of land on the battlefield, ten acres owned by Mrs. Cunningham near Round Top and four tracts belonging to the Land Improvement Co. near Reynolds Grove along Chambersburg. pike.
1163:
dance house... Acting
Secretary Grant referred this report...to Col. Lieber ... Attention is invited to the act of the Pennsylvania Legislature of two years ago giving the authority to condemn land etc., and also to the general authority by Congress to the War Department to condemn lands for National
403:
in 1894. Also despite the lawsuit, a new trolley powerhouse was built to replace the original in the borough that had burnt down by
January 22, 1895, and by October 1895 total trackage was 8.5 mi (13.7 km). The trolley system had been sold to a new owner in the month prior to the passage
448:
of the United States
Circuit Court: "powers of congress are distinctly enumerated in the constitution, and in that enumeration none is included to which the uses for which it is proposed to condemn this land can be related, without, in my opinion, enlarging the constitutional grant by grafting upon
429:
to block trolley use of a particular railway section over
Hancock Avenue as recommended by the 72nd PA Infantry committee in 1893: "set aside spots right in the route of the trolley". Likewise, the US District Attorney of a strip of 7.02 acres (2.84 ha) of land on May 3, 1894; and the trolley
456:
residents on June 29, 1894; and the local hearing in front of the jury was
September 11–15 after which "they adjourned for argument in Philadelphia." On November 3, 1894, the jury identified $ 30,000 "as the measure of damage that would be done the Trolley by the proposed change". Both parties
645:
Gen. Gobin and W. C. Sheely Esq. representing the
Gettysburg Electric Rail Way Company appeared before the Board and asked the right of way over the Association's grounds and along the several Avenues marking the lines of battle. On motion of S. Mc. Swope Esq the request was not granted and the
332:
on March 3, 1893, for "ascertaining the extent of...the trolley" (trolley track construction began April 1893). The
Appropriations Act of 1893 on March 3 had funded $ 25,000, a June 9 supplemental act directed "acquisition and designation by tablets of the lines of battle", and the battlefield
291:
areas were privately owned and had twelve small GBMA-owned monument plots of 25 ft Ă— 25 ft (7.6 m Ă— 7.6 m). Some owners rented land for camping, sold souvenirs/refreshments, and by 1894 required top dollar prices for real estate purchases. Similarly, the original
749:
land sold on what is now the battlefield has sold within my recollection from $ 40 to as high as $ 300 per acre, and that the value incident to improvements brought about by the battle, has no doubt enhanced the value of all the land on the field, and there is no just reason why the owners who
1120:
Mr. W. H. Tipton, President of the Town
Council,... As for Little Round Top it was bare of timber at the time of the battle and the Association has simply removed the growth of almost 30 years. ... The regiment has declined to sell... The following is the route of the road... The Reading's
520:
funded $ 30,000 on May 9 for the "practically abandoned property". Instead of paying damages to the trolley company, the funds paid for removing the tracks and acquiring the associated landowners' tracts (most had been deeded to the US years earlier).
2035:
Amos
Leister tracts , the F. G. Pfeifer tracts , the Jacob Benner estate tract , the Simon J. Godori tract , the Jacob Masonheimer tract , the Annie E. Beecher tract , the Rosanna E. Wible tract , the James W. Timbers tract , the
484:"The impression in the town" was the Secretary of War would not pay the $ 30,000 nor "take further steps" to acquire the railway, and the trolley operated even after the Commission—following a May 7 federal hearing—acquired 2
472:). The US attorney Ellery P. Ingham filed an additional petition for condemning a second tract in January 1895, which along with his June 7 petition were denied by the Philadelphia federal court. The 1896 reversal by the
1570:
The land described in the petition is adjacent to the
Gettysburg National cemetery. ... This battle-field is of transcendent national interest. The ground is hallowed and made sacred by the blood shed upon it at the
852:
Theodore McAllister was chosen Prest.; Levi Plank, Vice-prest., and John C. Shriver, Secretary. ... Speeches were made by James Hersh, Harvey D. Bream, John C. Shriver, David Mehring, Robert Bream, Levi Plank and
1978:
Congressional Record containing the Proceedings and Debates of the Second Session of the Sixty-Fourth Congress of The United States of America, Volume LIV, Part 5; From February 25, 1917, to March 4, 1917;
941:
904:
refusal of the Seventy-second Pennsylvania Regiment Association to allow the railway to pass over a small plot of ground owned--but not used--by this association ... 'general operations act' of 1874
2022:
516:
Congressional funding for the seizure failed in an attempted amendment on February 26, 1917. After annual trolley operations on the battlefield hadn't commenced in the spring, the
504:. Trolley operations ended in November 1916 when the railway had become obsolete with disrepair and increased use of battlefield avenues that had been improved with War Department
1811:
1278:
1029:
992:
2062:
1310:
2225:
1550:
500:
ordered a trustee's auction in the foreclosure of the 1898 mortgage (purchased in September), and an injury lawsuit was initiated for trolley cars colliding on August 15 near
1858:
1463:
729:
369:
1760:
1779:
1140:
1081:
869:
17:
1932:
1829:
1691:
1660:
1476:
1100:
1992:
1709:
1588:
1529:
1342:
1242:
1180:
1065:
887:
1951:
1403:
2130:
1727:
1647:
1260:
1423:
938:
791: "On "July 8, 1894, the Attorney-General of the United States directed proceedings to be commenced against the electric railway at Gettysburg".
301:
2162:
1747:
The impression in the town is that the Secretary of War will be both unwilling and unable to accept this award and that he will decline to take further steps
592:
91:
2113:
494:
required trolley payment of "car tax" assessed after the company failed to perform agreed maintenance of borough streets (reversed August 1908). In 1909,
2205:
2056:
457:
appealed the jury amount as too high/low (the company on November 12, 1894), and the company agreed on November 13 to move tracks from the vicinity of
658:
354:
1625:
313:
2096:, runs N through Rose Farm & stops near The Loop. Pair of cut stone block abutments over Rose Run, 5' high, 25' long & approx 10' apart.
1224:
395:
Despite a lack of funds that halted construction in August 1893, the railway began operations as early as September 1893 and was completed to
1629:
1621:
1633:
1613:
1464:
https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7VRAAAAAIBAJ&sjid=g_8FAAAAIBAJ&dq=switch%20carlisle-street%20gettysburg&pg=3571%2C3432350
633:
408:. Also during the federal suit, the railway company became insolvent and Judge Dallas had placed it into receivership by September 1895.
244:
1125:, taken with the power of eminent domain ... have to...persuade the authorities of Cumberland township to grant them the Taneytown road.
2215:
292:
battlefield roads had fallen into disrepair after the GBMA funds had become nearly exhausted by late 1882. Despite the preceding 1884
576:
259:, as well as earlier legislative efforts to appropriate federal acquisition funds, create a War Department commission, and form the
525:
341:
began on June 2, 1893, with a tract of 0.387 acres (0.157 ha) from John H. Miller & wife. By July 1893, GPC commissioner
2200:
832:
865:
1876:
388:, and two civil war colonels. The writ was followed by an August 2, 1893, trolley complaint to the commonwealth by the GBMA,
361:
284:
1679:
the Company will very gladly agree to the changes desired, approximately as indicated on the blue prints hereto attached
1366:
has become insolvent and has a floating indebtedness of upward of $ 10,000, which it is wholly unable at present to pay.
1572:
473:
252:
50:
2220:
1161:
539:
405:
338:
260:
2210:
777:"An Introduction to the Annual Reports of the Gettysburg National Military Park Commission to the Secretary of War"
535:
329:
337:
was selected at the first commission meeting on July 1. Federal acquisition of land that would become the 1895
220:
Appropriation Acts of 1893 (March 3) & 1894 (August 18), 1895 "Sickles Gettysburg Park Bill" (28 Stat. 651)
2072:
404:
of the February 11, 1895, "Sickles Gettysburg Park Bill" that authorized federal land acquisition to form the
1881:
373:
2182:
786:
345:
reported to the Secretary of War about battlefield railbed construction (notably planned along the west of
287:. The GBMA owned less than 600 acres (240 ha) of the battlefield's much larger area, and nearly all
2029:
1799:
The Superior Court of Pennsylvania...reversing the decision of the Court of Common Pleas of Adams county.
1494:
1363:
1209:
1085:
957:
802:
550:
and which had been granted use of federal land, was seized in 2000 and demolished due to its appearance.
517:
449:
its express terms a construction so lax and comprehensive as to be subversive of its limited character."
419:
380:, two altercations against photographer Tipton resulted in a writ by local judge McClean against General
309:
305:
229:
70:
36:
1766:
453:
780:
776:
676:
United States Military Reservations, National Cemeteries, and Military Parks: Title, Jurisdiction, Etc
320:
was the only attendee favoring the trolley, and the township subsequently granted road right-of-way.)
1609:
543:
1918:
1450:
1378:
663:(cited by Unrau p. 64) NOTE: In 1894 during the trolley suit, Swope became a judge.
1617:
1165:
1016:
524:
Remnants of the trolley were entered-documented in 2004 as historic contributing structures of the
445:
276:
2117:
708:
680:
1200:
has made embankments and laid its tracks along the Valley of Death and up a part of the slope of
400:
1980:
272:
240:
2044:
tract , the Calvin P. Krise tract , the George Bushman tract , and the Peter D. Swisher tract
2166:
2089:
2068:
256:
182:
146:
116:
83:
858:
857:. ... Messrs. Hersh, Harry D. Bream and Theodore McAllister were chosen the committee. ...
396:
170:
154:
8:
811:
622:
547:
297:
288:
166:
977:
The commission held its first meeting at the Eagle Hotel in Gettysburg Wednesday evening
702:
674:
593:"Gettysburg National Military Park Established By Sickles, Bill Passed In February 1895"
2173:
2037:
1903:
1435:
385:
2041:
1061:
854:
652:
485:
342:
317:
248:
178:
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owing to sundry misfortunes and the embarrassment brought about by litigations, the
1205:
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908:
389:
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190:
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company responded with a bill in equity to stop the US eminent domain acquisition
86:
945:
750:
suffered should not be paid a full value for its appropriation by the Government.
138:
1514:
May 3 ... District Attorney presented a petition ... asking for the condemnation
505:
2093:
501:
462:
458:
381:
350:
112:
921:
804:'Our Country's Common Ground': The Gettysburg Battlefield as Historic Document
2194:
1573:
most important epoch in the nation's history--in the supreme hour of its life
1168:. ... Seven hundred to a thousand tents will be pitched on East Cemetery Hill
704:
United States military reservations, National cemeteries, and military parks
623:"minutes, Board of Directors of the Gettysburg Battlefield Mem. Association"
1404:"An Injunction Asked For: Memorial Association versus the Electric Railway"
1141:"The Electric Line on the Battlefield & The Seventy-Second's Committee"
426:
1551:"Trolley In Gettysburg: Judge Dallas Decides The Government Has No Rights"
368:
was denied by June 13, 1893; and the route was changed to instead use the
376:
visit for dedicating the 44th New York monument with observation deck on
280:
158:
774:
251:
motion to deny trolley right-of-way along GBMA roads. Despite the 1896
2085:
334:
283:
to travel over the battlefield on primitive wagon roads of the private
120:
360:
Trolley right-of-way over the private 900 sq ft (84 m)
365:
346:
1993:"Big Price Paid for Trolley Right of Way; Hid in Army Bill as Rider"
236:
993:"Gettysburg Trolley: The Other Side Takes a Hand in Legal Fighting"
488:
tracts of 14.2 acres (5.7 ha) on December 31, 1901. In 1908,
889:
Gettysburg Trolley: Attorney General Hensel Refuses to Interfere
98:
45:
1379:...Historians Peer Review of the Process Developed by GNMP ...
2114:
United States Circuit Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania
1160:
Work is about to be commenced on Little Round Top. From the
328:
The Gettysburg Park Commission (GPC) was established by the
263:; the trolley continued operations until obsolete in 1916.
476:
ruled historic preservation "seems" to be "a public use".
701:
Defandorff, Jason F. (1916). "Gettysburg National Park".
528:. Similar eminent domain acquisitions include the 1904
511:
271:
Near the end of the 19th century, tourists to the 1863
1477:"The Philadelphia Record - Google News Archive Search"
1164:
Cemeteries. ... The trolley people propose to build a
296:
steamtrain railroad that operated across the field of
2226:
United States Supreme Court cases of the Fuller Court
1261:"The Star and Sentinel - Google News Archive Search"
621:
Hamilton, Calvin; GBMA secretary (August 25, 1891).
437:. The US motion to stop construction was dismissed
1243:"The Canaseraga Times - Google News Archive Search"
497:
C. Taylor Leland vs. The Gettysburg Transit Company
2024:Claims for damages to and loss of private property
1710:"Gettysburg Compiler - Google News Archive Search"
1692:"Gettysburg Compiler - Google News Archive Search"
1648:The Star and Sentinel - Google News Archive Search
1524:
1522:
646:secretary was directed to so notify said Company.
333:survey "was at once commenced" after topographer
2192:
2159:United States v. Gettysburg Electric Railway Co.
1933:"Adams County News - Google News Archive Search"
1761:Borough of Gettysburg vs. Gettysburg Transit Co.
1530:"The Rideau Record - Google News Archive Search"
491:Borough of Gettysburg vs. Gettysburg Transit Co.
1859:"Gettysburg Times - Google News Archive Search"
1812:"Gettysburg Times - Google News Archive Search"
1661:"Battlefield Commission vs The Trolley Company"
1659:Heebner, Chas; et al. (December 4, 1894),
1519:
349:'s historic stone wall), and acting secretary
775:Gettysburg National Military Park Commission.
987:
985:
323:
243:. The dispute began in August 1891 when the
235:, 160 U.S. 668 (1896), was a case to prevent
1056:
1054:
770:
768:
766:
764:
762:
760:
758:
657:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
572:United States v. Gettysburg Electric Ry. Co.
255:ruling that the railway could be seized for
18:United States v. Gettysburg Electric Ry. Co.
1427:...William H. Tipton vs. Daniel E. Sickels.
1095:
1093:
707:. U.S. Government Printing Office. p.
679:. U.S. Government Printing Office. p.
634:Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association
285:Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association
245:Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association
2206:Historic preservation in the United States
1545:
1543:
982:
922:"Gettysburg National Military Park Marker"
700:
672:
1337:
1335:
1190:. Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. April 2, 1894
1135:
1133:
1060:
1051:
881:
879:
877:
755:
546:, which was on private land not used for
1305:
1303:
1090:
1066:"preliminary report to Secretary of War"
696:
694:
692:
690:
620:
587:
585:
566:
564:
562:
526:Gettysburg Battlefield Historic District
1658:
1540:
800:
279:by train and paid fees for horse-drawn
14:
2193:
2014:
1950:Weaver, William G (January 24, 1966).
1949:
1822:
1720:
1332:
1208:at a point immediately in rear of the
1166:station just where Hancock was wounded
1130:
885:
874:
465:if the expense would be paid (refused
2030:First Army Appropriations Act of 1917
1578:(dissenting opinion, PA Judge Butler)
1300:
687:
582:
559:
518:First Army Appropriations Act of 1917
512:First Army Appropriations Act of 1917
425:began with the GBMA's April 7, 1894,
353:referred the complaint to the acting
29:1896 United States Supreme Court case
2109:United States v. Five Tracts of land
2049:
1382:General Management Plan 1999 History
801:Spooner, Amilia J (April 12, 2010).
531:United States v. Five Tracts of land
2061:(structure ID RR02, LCS ID 080808)
1769:Superior Court July 29, 1908).
925:(HMdb.org webpage for marker 14520)
362:72nd Pennsylvania Infantry Monument
308:, an 1892 meeting next-door at the
24:
474:Supreme Court of the United States
452:Judge Dallas swore in the jury of
312:formed an opposition committee of
51:Supreme Court of the United States
25:
2237:
2216:United States Supreme Court cases
2169:668 (1896) is available from:
2151:
782:The Gettysburg Commission Reports
406:Gettysburg National Military Park
339:Gettysburg National Military Park
261:Gettysburg National Military Park
886:Hensel, W. U. (August 7, 1893),
44:
2123:
2101:
1985:
1972:
1943:
1925:
1869:
1851:
1804:
1772:
1752:
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1581:
1487:
1469:
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1396:
1371:
1271:
1253:
1235:
1217:
1173:
1022:
1015:(Attorneys Hart, Hebner, &
950:
939:NPS webpage for monument MN508)
914:
411:
330:United States Department of War
2201:1896 in United States case law
1495:"To Preserve Gettysburg Field"
1343:"Gettysburg Railway Receivers"
1210:warehouse at Round Top station
870:1942 Out of the Past articles)
825:
794:
722:
666:
614:
372:. During the July 2–3, 1893,
13:
1:
2063:List of Classified Structures
1952:"Reminiscences Of Gettysburg"
1589:"Gettysburg Battlefield Jury"
1384:(Report). NPS.gov. March 1998
1279:"Reminiscences Of Gettysburg"
1204:itself. It connects with the
673:Defandorff, Jason F. (1916).
553:
466:
438:
431:
374:New York Monuments Commission
266:
2033:. May 12, 1917. p. 59.
1830:"$ 60,000 Buys Trolley Road"
958:"The Invasion of Gettysburg"
538:and, on September 18, 1905,
479:
7:
1880:(Google News Archive &
1466:petitioned for condemnation
1030:"Gettysburg Trolley Appeal"
247:'s board approved attorney
71:Gettysburg Electric Railway
10:
2242:
324:Gettysburg Park Commission
1877:"Awful Trolley Collision"
1558:Meriden Weekly Republican
544:Gettysburg National Tower
219:
214:
203:
198:
132:
127:
111:
106:
78:
64:
57:
43:
34:
2221:Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
1632:, and A. Fleming White,
866:1892 Gettysburg Compiler
60:Decided January 24, 1896
58:Argued January 8–9, 1896
2211:Takings Clause case law
1596:The Philadelphia Record
1350:The Philadelphia Record
1086:New York Times article)
1037:The Philadelphia Record
630:Minute Book...1872-1895
2071:. 1894. Archived from
2057:"Electric Trolley Bed"
1616:; Alexander S. Hines,
1184:(Google News Archives)
1104:(Google News Archives)
927:. War Department. 1908
534:that seized land near
355:Judge Advocate General
273:Gettysburg Battlefield
241:Gettysburg Battlefield
230:Gettysburg Electric Ry
37:Gettysburg Electric Ry
2075:on September 17, 2012
2069:National Park Service
2000:The Star and Sentinel
1996:(Google News Archive)
1955:(Google News Archive)
1833:(Google News Archive)
1783:(Google News Archive)
1735:The Star and Sentinel
1731:(Google News Archive)
1664:(Google News Archive)
1608:George Stonesifer of
1592:(Google News Archive)
1554:(Google News Archive)
1411:The Star and Sentinel
1407:(Google News Archive)
1346:(Google News Archive)
1318:The Star and Sentinel
1314:(Google News Archive)
1282:(Google News Archive)
1188:The Star and Sentinel
1148:The Star and Sentinel
1144:(Google News Archive)
1108:The Star and Sentinel
1069:(Google News Archive)
1033:(Google News Archive)
996:(Google News Archive)
836:(Google News Archive)
737:The Star and Sentinel
733:(Google News Archive)
730:"Battlefield Avenues"
596:(Google News Archive)
275:typically arrived at
257:historic preservation
117:historic preservation
1839:. September 18, 1909
1352:. September 22, 1895
1286:The Gettysburg Times
626:(1982 transcription)
577:160 U.S. 668
548:military engagements
2183:Library of Congress
1888:Gettysburg Compiler
1780:"Judgment Reversed"
1668:Gettysburg Compiler
1626:Huntingdon township
1624:; Thomas G. Neely,
1620:; David P. Forney,
1000:Gettysburg Compiler
812:Columbia University
602:. February 10, 1970
314:Cumberland Township
289:military engagement
207:Peckham, joined by
2131:"Round About Town"
1737:. November 6, 1894
1728:"The Trolley Case"
1425:Common Pleas List.
1320:. January 22, 1895
1311:"Hoffer Sells Out"
1288:. January 13, 1966
1229:The New York Times
1206:Round Top railroad
1181:"Electric Railway"
1101:"The Trolley Road"
965:The New York Times
944:2011-07-21 at the
785:. Gettysburg, PA:
386:Daniel Butterfield
239:operations on the
143:Associate Justices
97:16 S. Ct. 427; 40
2042:William H. Tipton
1911:External link in
1890:. August 17, 1910
1837:Adams County News
1630:Hamilton township
1622:Conewago township
1443:External link in
1064:(June 16, 1893).
840:Star and Sentinel
486:William H. Tipton
470: December 4
343:John B. Bachelder
318:William H. Tipton
306:Round Top Station
228:United States v.
224:
223:
179:George Shiras Jr.
119:"seems" to be "a
69:United States v.
35:United States v.
16:(Redirected from
2233:
2187:
2181:
2178:
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2145:
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2138:
2133:. April 20, 1904
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2018:
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1959:Gettysburg Times
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1789:. August 6, 1908
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1634:Freedom township
1628:; Peter Kready,
1614:Freedom township
1612:; David Rhoads,
1605:
1603:
1593:
1585:
1579:
1577:
1567:
1565:
1560:. April 25, 1895
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1413:. April 10, 1894
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1123:Round Top Branch
1117:
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1610:Littlestown
1017:David Wills
931:February 8,
859:N.M. Horner
502:Devil's Den
459:Devil's Den
397:Tipton Park
277:the borough
159:Horace Gray
2195:Categories
2094:Devils Den
1618:New Oxford
1429:--Trespass
810:(Thesis).
554:References
384:, General
335:Emmor Cope
267:Background
121:public use
1981:page 4334
1904:cite news
1741:April 18,
1673:April 20,
1602:April 17,
1508:April 18,
1436:cite news
1356:April 17,
1292:April 17,
1202:Round Top
1194:April 17,
714:April 19,
480:Aftermath
366:The Angle
364:tract at
347:The Angle
209:unanimous
79:Citations
2157:Text of
2090:Plum Run
2079:July 10,
2006:July 11,
1894:March 6,
1843:March 2,
1793:July 12,
1564:July 10,
1417:July 10,
1154:July 10,
1074:July 10,
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