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As no diplomatic relations with the Holy See were allowed by US law between 1867-1984, no
Ambassadors were appointed during that period. However, some US Presidents appointed personal envoys to negotiate with the Vatican.
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was the first high-ranking government official to normalize relations with the Holy See in 1933 when the
Postmaster General set sail for Europe, along with Soviet Commissar of Foreign Affairs
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1002:, for the position in June 2013. Ken Hackett was confirmed by the U.S. Senate as U.S. Ambassador to the Holy See on August 1, 2013.
349:
hero, to be emissary to the Holy See. Clark later withdrew his nomination on
January 13, 1952, following protests from U.S. Senator
280:
The United States was slow to establish full diplomatic relations with the re-established Holy See, partly due to the prevalence of
505:
1385:
1097:
244:
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1021:
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from 1797 to 1867. The Papal States ceased to exist in 1870, when its last territory (the city of Rome) was lost to the
248:
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411:
2763:
1532:
967:
In 2009, the post of ambassador remained vacant for several months because of tensions between the
Vatican and the
526:
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638:
163:
90:
79:
1357:
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Between 1951 and 1968, the United States had no official representative accredited to the Holy See. President
184:
was the first high-ranking government official to normalize relations with the Holy See in 1933. In addition,
1419:
1063:
652:
108:
1524:
162:. The official representation began with the formal opening of diplomatic relations with the Holy See by
968:
364:
Between 1951 and 1968, the United States had no official representative accredited to the Holy See.
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over the issues of abortion and same-sex marriage. Three candidates were mentioned, including
383:, Nixon's 1960 Republican vice presidential running mate and a former U.S. ambassador (to the
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1098:"Le Lettere Credenziali dell'Ambasciatore degli Stati Uniti d'America presso la Santa Sede"
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8:
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323:), served from December 1939 until 1950 as the personal representative of Presidents
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1459:
1278:"CRS Congratulates Ken Hackett on his Confirmation as US Ambassador to the Holy See"
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From 1981 to 1984, Wilson was Reagan's personal representative to the Holy See.
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1138:"U.S. ambassador to the Vatican resigns to take teaching position in Ohio"
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List of envoys serving prior to the establishment of diplomatic relations
238:
1358:
United States
Department of State: Chiefs of Mission for the Holy See
1235:
1185:"Obama's candidates for Vatican ambassador failing 'simple standard'"
982:
From
November 2012 through mid-2013, the seat was also vacant, after
918:
812:
303:. In Italy Farley had an audience with Pope Pius XI, and dinner with
1373:
United States
Department of State: Background notes on the Holy See
1086:. Whittlesey House. February 17, 1948 – via Internet Archive.
734:
690:
176:
Before the establishment of formal diplomatic relations, President
155:
1060:
773:
371:
changed this when he appointed—as his personal representative—
1407:
354:
1367:
499:
219:
followed with the appointment of former New York City mayor
1304:"Former charity head confirmed as US ambassador to Vatican"
419:
129:
429:
1231:"Pope 'rejects Caroline Kennedy for being too liberal'"
1252:"Ken Hackett To Be Nominated As Ambassador To Vatican"
239:
History before formal diplomatic relations established
265:. After that, the international status of the Papacy
1126:. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. p. 92.
1070:
from the website of the U.S. Embassy to the Holy See
223:Every ambassador to date has been a member of the
2862:Ambassadors of the United States to the Holy See
2848:
39:Apostolicae Sedis Legatus Civitatum Foederatarum
144:ambassador of the United States to the Holy See
112:as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
32:Ambassador of the United States to the Holy See
1510:
1393:
1078:
1076:
52:Seal of the United States Department of State
1017:Embassy of the United States to the Holy See
1363:United States Department of State: Holy See
307:, who was to accede to the papacy in 1939.
1517:
1503:
1400:
1386:
1179:
1177:
1073:
215:as his personal representative. President
2857:Lists of ambassadors of the United States
1409:United States Ambassadors to the Holy See
1012:Apostolic Nunciature to the United States
437:
432:
1160:"Deputy Chief of Mission Mario Mesquita"
962:
866:
786:
659:
269:until 1929, when the Italian government
18:United States ambassador to the Holy See
1174:
14:
2849:
1249:
609:
334:On October 20, 1951, Truman nominated
1498:
1381:
1368:United States Embassy in Vatican City
1121:
282:anti-Catholicism in the United States
2867:Lists of ambassadors to the Holy See
1339:U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets
1211:"The Vatican versus the White House"
231:, who presented his credentials to
24:
1301:
1275:
587:, 1940-1946 (serving under Taylor)
249:Foreign relations of Pope Pius XII
245:Holy See – United States relations
25:
2878:
1351:
1344:United States Department of State
402:followed with the appointment of
227:. The most recent ambassador was
2277:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1533:Ambassadors of the United States
1526:
1483:
1331: This article incorporates
1326:
1250:Jaweed, Kaleem (June 14, 2013).
1022:Holy See–United States relations
986:left the office to teach at the
925:
896:
874:
852:
811:
794:
772:
750:
733:
711:
689:
672:
645:
616:U.S. ambassadors to the Holy See
575:, 1902-1903 (later US President)
540:
519:
498:
477:
46:
2774:International Religious Freedom
1295:
1269:
1243:
1223:
538:
517:
496:
475:
459:
443:
211:changed this when he appointed
1203:
1152:
1130:
1115:
1090:
1054:
1034:
418:Heads of the U.S. Legation at
80:President of the United States
13:
1:
1047:
200:'s pick of World War II hero
192:as an emissary for President
605:, November 1978-January 1981
581:, February 1940-January 1950
555:
552:
534:
531:
513:
510:
492:
489:
471:
468:
455:
452:
319:and diplomat (starting with
7:
2634:International organizations
1005:
614:The following is a list of
277:as a sovereign city-state.
65:Chargé d'Affairs ad interim
10:
2883:
998:, a longtime president of
527:Richard Milford Blatchford
242:
2823:
2802:
2749:
2633:
2602:
2521:
2500:
1539:
1481:
1415:
1122:Green, Steven K. (2019).
917:
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832:
825:
764:
725:
664:
124:
116:
104:
85:
74:
57:
45:
36:
31:
2803:Ambassadors by President
1707:Central African Republic
1282:Catholic Relief Services
1027:
1000:Catholic Relief Services
412:U.S. Ambassador to Spain
158:, the leadership of the
152:United States of America
2779:Global Criminal Justice
2721:UN Food and Agriculture
1066:April 23, 2016, at the
599:, July 1977-August 1978
148:official representative
69:since July 8, 2024
2784:Trafficking in Persons
1647:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1333:public domain material
585:Harold H. Tittmann Jr.
408:mayor of New York City
288:'s Postmaster General
253:The United States had
180:'s Postmaster General
2769:Global Women's Issues
2292:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
2267:Saint Kitts and Nevis
963:Vacancy controversies
697:Thomas Patrick Melady
593:, June 1970-July 1977
591:Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
373:Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
325:Franklin D. Roosevelt
296:on the Italian Liner
286:Franklin D. Roosevelt
273:the establishment of
225:Roman Catholic Church
213:Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
196:. In 1951, President
194:Franklin D. Roosevelt
178:Franklin D. Roosevelt
2751:Ambassadors-at-large
2584:United Arab Republic
2447:United Arab Emirates
1189:Catholic News Agency
1084:"Jim Farley S Story"
988:University of Dayton
969:Obama Administration
603:Robert F. Wagner Jr.
579:Myron Charles Taylor
550:, Minister Resident
529:, Minister Resident
508:, Minister Resident
487:, Minister Resident
466:, Minister Resident
450:, Chargé d'Affaires
404:Robert F. Wagner Jr.
309:Myron Charles Taylor
255:diplomatic relations
221:Robert F. Wagner Jr.
2615:Hong Kong and Macau
2501:Suspended relations
2412:Trinidad and Tobago
1572:Antigua and Barbuda
610:List of ambassadors
573:William Howard Taft
423:
398:In 1978, President
367:In 1969, President
235:on April 11, 2022.
188:would serve during
1787:Dominican Republic
1140:. November 5, 2012
532:November 26, 1862
490:November 27, 1858
472:November 27, 1858
469:November 19, 1849
417:
99:advice and consent
2844:
2843:
2522:Defunct countries
1812:Equatorial Guinea
1540:Current countries
1492:
1491:
1239:. April 15, 2009.
1219:. April 18, 2009.
1216:Irish Independent
1061:Mission Statement
960:
959:
950:Chargé d'Affaires
909:Chargé d'Affaires
882:Callista Gingrich
841:Chargé d'Affaires
705:George H. W. Bush
680:Frank Shakespeare
560:
559:
506:Alexander Randall
267:was controversial
171:Pope John Paul II
140:
139:
109:William A. Wilson
16:(Redirected from
2874:
2764:Counterterrorism
2217:Papua New Guinea
2092:Marshall Islands
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1162:. March 31, 2022
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973:Caroline Kennedy
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597:David M. Walters
556:August 17, 1867
553:January 8, 1864
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485:John P. Stockton
481:
456:August 26, 1848
453:August 19, 1848
424:
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331:to the Vatican.
305:Cardinal Pacelli
263:Kingdom of Italy
136:
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105:Inaugural holder
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1191:. April 9, 2009
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904:Patrick Connell
758:James Nicholson
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514:August 4, 1862
448:Jacob L. Martin
439:
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433:Presentation of
430:Name and title
329:Harry S. Truman
300:Conte di Savoia
294:Maxim Litvinoff
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198:Harry S. Truman
160:Catholic Church
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719:Raymond Flynn
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666:Ronald Reagan
662:
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630:Years served
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535:May 20, 1863
528:
525:
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511:June 6, 1862
507:
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497:
493:May 23, 1861
486:
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396:
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389:South Vietnam
386:
382:
381:Massachusetts
378:
374:
370:
369:Richard Nixon
365:
362:
360:
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348:
344:
341:
337:
336:Mark W. Clark
332:
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313:industrialist
310:
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287:
284:. President
283:
278:
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272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
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246:
236:
234:
230:
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222:
218:
214:
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209:Richard Nixon
205:
203:
202:Mark W. Clark
199:
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191:
187:
183:
179:
174:
172:
168:
167:Ronald Reagan
165:
161:
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135:
127:
123:
120:April 9, 1984
119:
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110:
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88:
84:
81:
77:
73:
66:
56:
49:
44:
41:
35:
30:
27:
19:
2810:Donald Trump
2794:Antisemitism
2731:UN in Geneva
2603:Other places
2579:Two Sicilies
2569:Soviet Union
2534:East Germany
2427:Turkmenistan
2347:South Africa
2317:Sierra Leone
2297:Saudi Arabia
1911:
1672:Burkina Faso
1408:
1338:
1311:. Retrieved
1307:
1297:
1285:. Retrieved
1281:
1271:
1259:. Retrieved
1255:
1245:
1234:
1225:
1214:
1205:
1193:. Retrieved
1164:. Retrieved
1154:
1142:. Retrieved
1132:
1123:
1117:
1105:. Retrieved
1101:
1092:
1056:
1036:
992:Barack Obama
990:. President
981:
966:
948:
945:Laura Hochla
933:Joe Donnelly
907:
890:Donald Trump
839:
827:Barack Obama
788:Benedict XVI
727:Bill Clinton
661:John Paul II
615:
613:
566:
435:credentials
422:(1848–1867)
400:Jimmy Carter
397:
393:West Germany
377:U.S. Senator
366:
363:
351:Tom Connally
347:World War II
333:
321:World War II
299:
290:James Farley
279:
275:Vatican City
259:Papal States
252:
233:Pope Francis
229:Joe Donnelly
217:Jimmy Carter
206:
190:World War II
186:Myron Taylor
182:James Farley
175:
143:
141:
64:
62:Laura Hochla
37:
26:
2564:South Yemen
2544:North Yemen
2382:Switzerland
2352:South Sudan
2272:Saint Lucia
2232:Philippines
2167:New Zealand
2162:Netherlands
1997:South Korea
1962:Ivory Coast
1807:El Salvador
1547:Afghanistan
1425:Shakespeare
996:Ken Hackett
860:Ken Hackett
741:Lindy Boggs
406:, a former
375:, a former
2851:Categories
2594:Yugoslavia
2574:Tanganyika
2462:Uzbekistan
2387:Tajikistan
2312:Seychelles
2287:San Marino
2142:Mozambique
2132:Montenegro
2112:Micronesia
2097:Mauritania
2062:Madagascar
2057:Luxembourg
2012:Kyrgyzstan
1982:Kazakhstan
1857:The Gambia
1792:East Timor
1747:Costa Rica
1702:Cape Verde
1612:Bangladesh
1597:Azerbaijan
1048:References
994:nominated
937:2022–2024
915:2021–2022
886:2017–2021
864:2013–2017
847:2012–2013
823:2009–2012
806:2008–2009
784:2005–2008
762:2001–2005
745:1997–2001
723:1993–1997
701:1989–1993
684:1986–1989
657:1984–1986
548:Rufus King
359:Protestant
243:See also:
132:.usembassy
2815:Joe Biden
2620:Jerusalem
2472:Venezuela
2362:Sri Lanka
2322:Singapore
2172:Nicaragua
2102:Mauritius
2052:Lithuania
1937:Indonesia
1887:Guatemala
1587:Australia
1577:Argentina
1445:Nicholson
1313:August 2,
1287:August 2,
1236:The Times
1107:April 11,
919:Joe Biden
340:U.S. Army
271:agreed to
257:with the
173:in 1984.
164:President
117:Formation
91:President
86:Appointer
75:Nominator
60:Incumbent
2492:Zimbabwe
2397:Thailand
2392:Tanzania
2372:Suriname
2332:Slovenia
2327:Slovakia
2242:Portugal
2222:Paraguay
2202:Pakistan
2127:Mongolia
2077:Maldives
2072:Malaysia
1992:Kiribati
1917:Honduras
1912:Holy See
1832:Ethiopia
1827:Eswatini
1782:Dominica
1777:Djibouti
1737:DR Congo
1727:Colombia
1692:Cameroon
1687:Cambodia
1667:Bulgaria
1652:Botswana
1617:Barbados
1475:Donnelly
1470:Gingrich
1302:Gibson.
1276:Rivera.
1261:June 18,
1166:June 29,
1144:June 29,
1064:Archived
1006:See also
440:mission
361:groups.
156:Holy See
2610:Curaçao
2554:Prussia
2477:Vietnam
2467:Vanuatu
2457:Uruguay
2442:Ukraine
2417:Tunisia
2342:Somalia
2302:Senegal
2252:Romania
2182:Nigeria
2147:Namibia
2137:Morocco
2117:Moldova
2037:Liberia
2032:Lesotho
2027:Lebanon
1967:Jamaica
1947:Ireland
1927:Iceland
1922:Hungary
1882:Grenada
1867:Germany
1862:Georgia
1842:Finland
1822:Estonia
1817:Eritrea
1797:Ecuador
1772:Denmark
1752:Croatia
1732:Comoros
1682:Burundi
1642:Bolivia
1627:Belgium
1622:Belarus
1607:Bahrain
1602:Bahamas
1592:Austria
1582:Armenia
1562:Andorra
1557:Algeria
1552:Albania
1465:Hackett
1455:Glendon
1195:May 17,
868:Francis
343:general
154:to the
150:of the
146:is the
125:Website
2759:Arctic
2711:UNESCO
2625:Taiwan
2539:Hawaii
2487:Zambia
2437:Uganda
2432:Tuvalu
2422:Turkey
2377:Sweden
2307:Serbia
2262:Rwanda
2257:Russia
2237:Poland
2212:Panama
2192:Norway
2122:Monaco
2107:Mexico
2067:Malawi
2022:Latvia
2007:Kuwait
2002:Kosovo
1977:Jordan
1952:Israel
1902:Guyana
1892:Guinea
1877:Greece
1847:France
1762:Cyprus
1697:Canada
1662:Brunei
1657:Brazil
1632:Belize
1567:Angola
1450:Rooney
1430:Melady
1420:Wilson
624:Image
427:Image
391:, and
96:Senate
2831:Women
2824:Other
2726:UNVIE
2656:SAARC
2651:ASEAN
2589:Texas
2513:Syria
2482:Yemen
2407:Tonga
2367:Sudan
2357:Spain
2282:Samoa
2247:Qatar
2207:Palau
2177:Niger
2157:Nepal
2152:Nauru
2087:Malta
2042:Libya
1987:Kenya
1972:Japan
1957:Italy
1932:India
1907:Haiti
1872:Ghana
1852:Gabon
1802:Egypt
1742:Congo
1722:China
1717:Chile
1677:Burma
1637:Benin
1440:Boggs
1435:Flynn
1335:from
1028:Notes
627:Name
379:from
355:Texas
353:from
311:, an
94:with
2836:LGBT
2789:AIDS
2716:UNEP
2701:OSCE
2696:OPCW
2686:OECD
2676:NATO
2671:ICAO
2646:APEC
2508:Iran
2402:Togo
2227:Peru
2197:Oman
2082:Mali
2017:Laos
1942:Iraq
1837:Fiji
1757:Cuba
1712:Chad
1460:DĂaz
1315:2013
1289:2013
1263:2013
1197:2009
1168:2022
1146:2022
1109:2022
975:and
634:Pope
420:Rome
410:and
357:and
345:and
338:, a
327:and
247:and
169:and
142:The
134:.gov
89:The
78:The
2741:WTO
2691:OIC
2681:OAS
395:).
298:SS
2853::
2706:UN
2666:EU
2661:CD
2641:AU
1342:.
1306:.
1280:.
1254:.
1233:.
1213:.
1187:.
1176:^
1100:.
1075:^
979:.
953:)
912:)
844:)
618::
414:.
387:,
315:,
130:va
1518:e
1511:t
1504:v
1401:e
1394:t
1387:v
1346:.
1317:.
1291:.
1265:.
1199:.
1170:.
1148:.
1111:.
947:(
906:(
838:(
20:)
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