Bureau of Land Management

563:, in Utah were "$ 1.50 an acre for the next two years". By September 11, 2018, the Department of Interior was offering 2.9 million acres to be leased to commercial operations including drilling for oil and gas and mining in New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona, and other states where public land is not protected by a national park or monument designation. The BLM's May 30, 2019 statement proposed an additional 183,668 acres on "lands managed by the Canyon Country, Color Country, Green River, and West Desert districts" that would be listed for the quarterly oil and gas lease sale on September 10, 2019. In their May 2019, September lease offerings, the BLM said that they had "245 million acres of public land located primarily in 12 Western states, including Alaska" and across the United States another "700 million acres of sub-surface mineral estate" is under their management. The statement also said that these "diverse activities authorized on these lands generated $ 96 billion in sales of goods and services throughout the American economy in fiscal year 2017" while supporting over 468,000 jobs". 617: 1120: 4933: 52: 40: 1811: 1655: 1274: 763: 179: 586:. The relocation was praised by Republican Western politicians but criticized by Democrats as a move to weaken the agency through the loss of experienced staffers, who opted to stay in Washington, D.C. Some ranchers were concerned about the isolation of Grand Junction compared to other Western cities, having limited flights and road access. After the announcement, 87% of D.C.-based employees left, prompting former lead career BLM official Steve Ellis to state "the bureau lost a tremendous amount of expertise... very seasoned people." 327: 347: 1754: 1687: 1587: 1782: 632:. The agency has granted more than 18,000 permits and leases to ranchers who graze their livestock, mostly cattle and sheep, at least part of the year on BLM public lands. Permits and leases generally cover a 10-year period and are renewable if the BLM determines that the terms and conditions of the expiring permit or lease are being met. The federal grazing fee is adjusted annually and is calculated using a formula originally set by Congress in the 1672: 1736: 1555: 1506: 678:. The BLM holds the coal mineral estate to more than 570 million acres (2,300,000 km) where the owner of the surface is the federal government, a state or local government, or a private entity. As of 2013, the BLM had competitively granted 309 leases for coal mining to 474,252 acres (191,923 ha), an increase of 13,487 acres (5,458 ha) or nearly 3% increase in land subject to coal production over ten years' time. 1474: 1604: 1489: 1459: 1444: 1427: 1702: 1523: 1717: 335: 1227:(WFRHBA). As the horses have few natural predators, populations have grown substantially. WFRHBA as enacted provides for the removal of excess animals; the killing of lame, old, or sick animals; the private placement or adoption of excess animals; and even the killing of healthy animals if range management required it. The killing of healthy or unhealthy horses has almost never occurred. Pursuant to the 1247: 1640: 1540: 1265:

states. It is essential to maintain a balance that keeps herd management land and animal population healthy. Some programs and partnerships include the Mustang Heritage Foundation, U.S. Border Patrol, Idaho 4H, Napa Mustang Days and Little Book Cliffs Darting Team. These partnerships help with adoption and animal population as well as education and raising awareness about wild horses and burros.

1197: 1572: 1410: 2935: 497:. It took several years for this new agency to integrate and reorganize. In the end, the Bureau of Land Management became less focused on land disposal and more focused on the long term management and preservation of the land. The agency achieved its current form by combining offices in the western states and creating a corresponding office for lands both east of and alongside the 1623: 1239:

permanently with the federal government. The pilot project was so successful that BLM allowed it to go nationwide in 1976. The Adopt-a-Horse program quickly became the primary method of removing excess feral horses from BLM land given the lack of other viable methods. The BLM also uses limited amounts of contraceptives in the herd, in the form of

863:. The BLM produces significant revenue for the United States budget. In 2009, public lands were expected to generate an estimated $ 6.2 billion in revenues, mostly from energy development. Nearly 43.5% of these funds are provided directly to states and counties to support roads, schools, and other community needs. 1264:

The Bureau of Land Management has implemented several programs and has developed partnerships as part of their management plan for preserving wild burros and horses in the United States. There are several herds of horses and burros roaming free on 26.9 million acres of range spread out in ten western

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a vast amount of public lands, roads and recreation sites. They focus on the protection of natural and cultural resources, other BLM employees and visitors. Given the many locations of BLM public lands, these rangers use canines, helicopters, snowmobiles, dirt bikes and boats to perform their duties.

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Uniformed rangers enforce laws and regulations governing BLM lands and resources. As part of that mission, these BLM rangers carry firearms and defensive equipment, make arrests, execute search warrants, complete reports and testify in court. They seek to establish a regular and recurring presence on

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Under the Trump administration, the BLM offered millions of acres of available Federal lands for 10-year leases for commercial development, potentially in oil and gas and mining, with the stated goal of "promoting American energy security". The BLM holds quarterly oil and gas lease sales. According

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of 1976, Congress created a more unified bureau mission and recognized the value of the remaining public lands by declaring that these lands would remain in public ownership. The law directed that these lands be managed with a view toward "multiple use" defined as "management of the public lands and

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who plan and conduct investigations concerning possible violations of criminal and administrative provisions of the BLM and other statutes under the United States Code. Special agents are normally plain clothes officers who carry concealed firearms and other defensive equipment, make arrests, carry

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In the 19th century, other bounty land and homestead laws were enacted to dispose of federal land. Several different types of patents existed. These include cash entry, credit, homestead, Indian, military warrants, mineral certificates, private land claims, railroads, state selections, swamps, town

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among its line of forest products. The biomass is composed of "smaller diameter materials" and other debris that result from timber production and forest management. Though the use of these materials as a renewable resource is nascent, the agency is engaged in pilot projects to increase the use of

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The mission of the BLM is "to sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of the public lands for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations." Originally BLM holdings were described as "land nobody wanted" because homesteaders had passed them by. All the same, ranchers hold nearly

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resources such as wind, geothermal and solar to be developed on public lands. The total mining claims on lands owned by the BLM has decreased while the number of rejected claims has increased. Among the over 3.8 million mining claims overseen by BLM just over 10% of claims still active, of which

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In 2024 the Department of the Interior has begun to advance a new rule according to which the Bureau of Land Management can distribute restoration leases and mitigation leases exactly in the same way as it distributes new leases for oil and gas drilling. The designed land will be used for nature

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month (AUM), nor can any fee increase or decrease exceed 25 percent of the previous year's level. The grazing fee for 2014 was set at $ 1.35 per AUM, the same level as for 2013. Over time there has been a gradual decrease in the amount of grazing that takes place on BLM-managed land. Grazing on

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into law, committing up to $ 1.9 billion from energy development revenues to the National Parks and Public Land Legacy Restoration Fund each year for five years for needed maintenance for critical facilities and infrastructure in national parks, forests, wildlife refuges, recreation areas and

3921:"Statement of Henri Bisson, Deputy Director Bureau of Land Management U.S. Department of the Interior Before the House Appropriations Committee Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Hearing on the FY 2009 Budget Request of the Bureau of Land Management February 27, 2008" 1238:

known as the Adopt-A-Horse initiative. The program took advantage of provisions in the WFRHBA to allow private "qualified" individuals to "adopt" as many horses as they wanted if they could show that they could provide adequate care for the animals. At the time, title to the horses remained

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Despite the early successes of the adoption program, the BLM has struggled to maintain acceptable herd levels, as without natural predators, herd sizes can double every four years. As of 2014, there were more than 49,000 horses and burros on BLM-managed land, exceeding the BLM's estimated

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on the lands it manages. As of April 2014, the inventory contained nearly 46,000 sites and 85,000 other features. Approximately 23% of the sites had either been remediated, had reclamation actions planned or underway, or did not require further action. The remaining sites require further

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instructed a geographer to oversee this work as undertaken by a group of surveyors. The first years of surveying were completed by trial and error; once the territory of Ohio had been surveyed, a modern public land survey system had been developed. In 1812, Congress established the

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administration in the 1980s, Republicans have often given priority to local control and to grazing, mining and petroleum production, while Democrats have more often emphasized environmental concerns even when granting mining and drilling leases. In September 1996, then President

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In 2009, BLM opened Renewable Energy Coordination Offices in order to approve and oversee wind, solar, biomass, and geothermal projects on BLM-managed lands. The offices were located in the four states where energy companies had shown the greatest interest in

880:(Public Law 111-11) to make the system a permanent part of the public lands protection system in the United States. By designating these areas for conservation, the law directed the BLM to ensure these places are protected for future generations, similar to 794:

used, starting in the early 1900s. It is a separation of mineral rights and surface rights on a property. The BLM manages split estates, but only in cases when the "surface rights are privately owned and the rights to the minerals are held by the Federal

4230: 3142:"The Bureau of Land Management is critical to the nation's efforts to address the climate crisis and expanding access to public lands. The bureau must have access to the policy, budget, and decision-making levers to best carry out its mission" 5311: 1347:. It has authorized 39 wind energy development projects with a total approved capacity of 5,557 megawatts or enough to supply the power needs of over 1.5 million homes. In addition, BLM has authorized over 100 wind energy testing sites. 603:

In June 2022, the BLM finalized two acquisitions in Colorado and Wyoming, acquiring over 40,000 acres of previously inaccessible land. The acquisition in Wyoming for 35,670 acres is the agency's largest ever purchase in the state.

4069: 3115:"Today, @SecDebHaaland announced next steps to rebuild and strengthen @BLMNational, including plans to restore the national headquarters to Washington, D.C. and expand the Western headquarters in Grand Junction, Colorado" 4425: 856:

Wars. Though the reserve had been set to be moved to private hands, it remains subject to oversight of the BLM under the provisions of the unanimously-passed Responsible Helium Administration and Stewardship Act of

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or enough energy to power roughly 2.6 million homes. The projects range in size from a 45-megawatt photovoltaic system on 422 acres (171 ha) to a 1,000-megawatt parabolic trough system on 7,025 acres

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directed that they be explored, surveyed, and made available for settlement. During the Revolutionary War, military bounty land was promised to soldiers who fought for the colonies. After the war, the

712:, and mountain bikers. In 2013, BLM lands received an estimated 61.7 million recreational visitors. Over 99% of BLM-managed lands are open to hunting, recreational shooting opportunities, and fishing. 529:

in southern Utah, the first of now 20 national monuments established on BLM lands and managed by the agency. The establishment of Grand Staircase–Escalante foreshadowed later creation of the BLM's

2462: 302:(formerly known as the National Landscape Conservation System), totaling about 36 million acres (150,000 km). In addition the National Conservation Lands include nearly 2,400 miles of 4606:"Historical Record of the Offices, Managers and Organizations of the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, Grazing Service, General Land Office and O & C Revested Lands Administration 1934–2012" 4037: 3174: 4076: 406:. By this time, the United States needed revenue to function and land was sold as a source of income for the government. In order to sell the land, surveys needed to be conducted. The 4783: 501:. As a matter of course, the BLM's emphasis fell on activities in the western states as most of the mining, land sales, and federally owned areas are located west of the Mississippi. 3514: 2912: 5671: 5648: 3241: 4724:

BLM Permit Processing: Hearing before the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, Second Session . . . July 29, 2014.

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Under the Biden administration, the BLM is working on a pilot project called "outcomes-based grazing", to see if cattle grazing can help achieve conservation, agency director

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projects on public land. As of 2014, 70 solar energy projects covering 560,000 acres (2,300 km) had been proposed on public lands managed by BLM primarily located in

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BLM personnel on the ground have typically been oriented toward local interests, while bureau management in Washington are led by presidential guidance. By means of the

1231:, the BLM has established 179 "herd management areas" (HMAs) covering 31.6 million acres (128,000 km) acres where feral horses can be found on federal lands. 5763: 2890: 2215: 2310:

A History of the Rectangular Survey System by C. Albert White, 1983, Pub: Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management: For sale by G.P.O.

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is overseen by the BLM. The National Landscape Conservation System lands constitute just about 12% of the lands managed by the BLM. Congress passed Title II of the

5499: 5261: 310:. There are more than 63,000 oil and gas wells on BLM public lands. Total energy leases generated approximately $ 5.4 billion in 2013, an amount divided among the 4579: 17: 3215: 5712: 5658: 4776: 3920: 3697: 3485: 3189: 3005: 2649: 2620: 2591: 4605: 784:. As part of its trust responsibilities, the BLM provides technical advice for minerals operations on 56 million acres (230,000 km) of Indian lands. 5109: 2081: 4688: 4651: 4203: 5773: 4665: 4166: 4011: 3730: 750:, including 11 million acres (45,000 km) of commercial forest and 44 million acres (180,000 km) of woodlands in 11 western states and 5610: 5008: 4398: 3794: 1799: 1224: 1187: 2455: 754:. 53 million acres (210,000 km) are productive forests and woodlands on public domain lands and 2.4 million acres (9,700 km) are on 3294: 2487: 3086: 2864: 427:

of a particular territory. This pattern gradually spread across the entire United States. The laws that spurred this system with the exception of the

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vaccinations; advocates say that additional use of these vaccines would help to diminish the excess number of horses currently under BLM management.

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their various resource values so that they are utilized in the combination that will best meet the present and future needs of the American people."

4135: 3033: 5743: 5600: 5486: 4637: 4044: 2834: 4349: 3959: 5441: 2769: 526: 3671: 2400: 4859: 4826: 2952: 1759: 1741: 1212: 553:"practically gave away hundreds of thousands of acres of open land across the West, leasing it to energy companies for pennies on the dollar." 423:

sites, and town lots. A system of local land offices spread throughout the territories, patenting land that was surveyed via the corresponding

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American Indian schools. The Act also committed $ 900 million a year in royalties from offshore oil and natural gas to permanently fund the

5137: 5131: 4998: 4457: 2920: 2429: 1974: 1128: 2673:

Innovation in the U.S. Bureau of Land Management: Insights from Integrating Mule Deer Management with Oil and Gas Leasing (Masters Thesis)

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Innovation in the U.S. Bureau of Land Management: Insights from Integrating Mule Deer Management with Oil and Gas Leasing (Masters Thesis)

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Innovation in the U.S. Bureau of Land Management: Insights from Integrating Mule Deer Management with Oil and Gas Leasing (Masters Thesis)

5676: 3543: 2503: 1660: 424: 4102: 3060: 290:

18,000 permits and leases for livestock grazing on 155 million acres (630,000 km) of BLM public lands. The agency manages 221

207:, the BLM oversees more than 247.3 million acres (1,001,000 km) of land, or one-eighth of the United States's total landmass. 5605: 5575: 5522: 5461: 3249: 1254: 877: 4483: 3370: 3272: 2150: 438:

In the early 20th century, Congress took additional steps toward recognizing the value of the assets on public lands and directed the

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BLM manages 59 geothermal leases in producing status, with a total capacity of 1,500 megawatts. This amounts to over 40% of the

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Map showing land owned by different federal government agencies. The yellow represents the Bureau of Land Management's holdings.

5778: 5768: 5542: 5242: 5234: 4964: 4372: 2119: 1028: 1022: 956: 934: 912: 873: 729: 530: 505: 303: 3989: 3578: 3430: 2211: 732:. BLM is charged with administering about 10 million acres (40,000 km) of this fragile area with its potential for 560: 315: 2886: 2702: 5433: 3335: 2026: 419:

to oversee the disposition of these federal lands. By the early 1800s, promised bounty land claims were finally fulfilled.

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in 2000. Use of the Antiquities Act authority, to the extent it effectively scuttled a coal mine to have been operated by

5620: 5398: 5343: 5081: 4912: 4907: 4864: 3460: 3061:"Grand Junction is 'darn hard to get to': ranchers split on public lands agency's move west | Environment | The Guardian" 2738: 4510:"RENEWABLE ENERGY: Agencies Have Taken Steps Aimed at Improving the Permitting Process for Development on Federal Lands" 2559: 1915: 1159:

and prepare investigative reports. Criminal investigators occasionally conduct internal and civil claim investigations.

1119: 5733: 5478: 4583: 537:, delighted recreation and conservation enthusiasts but set up larger confrontations with state and local authorities. 402:, ceded territory to the United States. In the 1780s, other states relinquished their own claims to land in modern-day 5289: 4520: 5748: 5546: 5451: 5393: 5182: 5028: 4872: 4854: 4717: 3614: 3489: 3360:

An AUM is the amount of forage needed to sustain one cow and her calf, one horse, or five sheep or goats for a month.

1191: 918: 684:. The BLM administers 205,498 miles (330,717 km) of fishable streams, 2.2 million acres (8,900 km) of 490: 412: 295: 219: 96: 3927: 3705: 2643: 2614: 2585: 5681: 5013: 4612: 1235: 572: 4207: 2089: 5413: 5033: 4892: 4680: 4170: 4015: 3734: 2979: 2739:"San Rafael Swell monument proposal could prove that Bush realizes the importance of a fair and public process" 2499: 1893: 628:. The BLM manages livestock grazing on nearly 155 million acres (630,000 km) million acres under the 4390: 3787: 3608:"BLM Public Domain Lands: Volume of Timber Offered for Sale Has Declined Substantially Since Fiscal Year 1990" 226:. The agency manages the federal government's nearly 700 million acres (2,800,000 km) of subsurface 5702: 5628: 5517: 5446: 4922: 4368:"Programs: Wild Horse and Burro | BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT." BLM.gov Home Page | BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT, 3298: 467: 223: 91: 3825:"US Department of Energy, Bureau of Land Management to Establish Renewable Energy Offices, January 21, 2009" 778:

firefighting personnel work for BLM. The agency fought 2,573 fires on BLM-managed lands in fiscal year 2013.

5638: 5557: 5537: 5207: 4917: 3885: 2856: 1278: 371: 4139: 2800: 5357: 5053: 3486:"Total Federal Coal Leases in Effect, Total Acres Under Lease, and Lease Sales by Fiscal Year Since 1990" 693: 567: 443: 299: 2826: 2112:"Programs: National Conservation Lands: National Scenic and Historic Trails | BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT" 5532: 5165: 4957: 4844: 4346: 3963: 1628: 940: 664: 629: 494: 428: 2396: 51: 39: 5580: 5418: 5252: 4897: 4332:

Glover, Kristen H. "Managing Wild Horses on Public Lands: Congressional Action and Agency Response."

2397:"Records of the Bureau of Land Management [BLM] (Record Group 49) 1685–1993 (bulk 1770–1982)" 806: 718:. The National Landscape Conservation System preserves a variety of lands protected from development. 705: 4280: 3675: 724:. The California Desert Conservation Area covers 25 million acres (100,000 km) of land in 5643: 5466: 5423: 5383: 5177: 4882: 4839: 3765: 3400: 828:

report alleges that BLM has for decades neglected the dangers represented by these abandoned mines.

579: 4745: 3824: 5552: 5364: 5219: 4981: 4461: 3295:"Western States Data Public Land Acreage (FS & BLM), Percentage of Land Base, and Population" 2433: 1978: 1833: 1273: 1156: 1051: 849: 701: 620:

Most of the public lands held by the Bureau of Land Management are located in the western states.

2059: 5456: 5278: 5224: 4973: 4805: 3550: 1240: 1067: 1045: 407: 387: 383: 359: 307: 211: 4106: 2491: 1810: 1654: 1332:. To date, it has approved 29 projects that have the potential to generate 8,786 megawatts of 5403: 5324: 5152: 4950: 4877: 2742: 2676: 2530: 1949: 1787: 1073: 1006: 697: 555: 235: 231: 4756: 4487: 3374: 2913:"Share President Trump Signs Most Historic Conservation Funding Legislation in U.S. History" 2154: 4761: 4552: 3145: 3118: 3114: 3091: 3038: 2082:"Programs: National Conservation Lands: Wild and Scenic Rivers | BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT" 1838: 775: 696:, and 300 Watchable Wildlife sites. The agency also manages 4,500 miles (7,200 km) of 471: 3087:"Bureau of Land Management exodus: Agency lost 87 percent of staff in Trump HQ relocation" 663:

supply in the United States. BLM has on record a total of 290,000 mining claims under the

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of 1787. These laws provided for the survey and settlement of the lands that the original

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located beneath federal, state and private lands severed from their surface rights by the

8: 5527: 5214: 5202: 5197: 4654:. Department of Interior. May 10, 2012. Archived from the original on September 29, 2016. 3141: 2004: 1889: 1843: 1816: 725: 597: 534: 363: 146: 178: 5319: 4822: 3855:"Our Government May Be Shut Down, but at Least Our Helium Reserve Won't Be ... for Now" 3034:"Interior finalizes public lands agency HQ move out West over congressional objections" 2359: 2237: 2140:

See Part 3 of the BLM's Public Land Statistics, "Commercial Uses and Revenue Generated"

835: 692:, 6,600 miles (10,600 km) of floatable rivers, over 500 boating access points, 69 463: 279: 3216:"BLM acquires 35,670 acres near Casper in agency's largest ever Wyoming land purchase" 2269: 708:, as well as thousands of miles of multiple use trails used by motorcyclists, hikers, 5494: 5160: 4659: 2857:"BLM leases 135,000 acres of public land to oil and gas companies in massive auction" 1560: 1511: 1354: 839: 825: 762: 689: 641:

public lands has declined from 18.2 million AUMs in 1954 to 7.9 million AUMs in 2013.

498: 379: 367: 4369: 3582: 809:. In addition, the Bureau still completes numerous new surveys each year, mostly in 5003: 4750: 4316:

Pitt, Kenneth. "The Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act: A Western Melodrama."

3985: 3422: 2680: 2534: 1953: 1333: 1290: 802: 668: 479: 439: 204: 2698: 4714:

The Nation's Largest Landlord: The Bureau of Land Management in the American West

4376: 4353: 3339: 2030: 1415: 885: 791: 583: 522: 486: 432: 291: 215: 2797:"BLM seeks comments on parcels offered in September 2019 oil and gas lease sale" 2180: 5091: 5086: 5058: 5048: 1494: 1432: 1167: 1163: 1000: 978: 820: 375: 338:

Horses crossing a plain near the Simpson Park Wilderness Study Area in central

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The BLM, through its Office of Law Enforcement & Security, functions as a

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allowed leasing, exploration, and production of selected commodities, such as

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investments in conservation and recreation opportunities across the country.

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Using Science to Improve the BLM Wild Horse and Burro Program: A Way Forward

2360:"Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty-Land-Warrant Application Files (p. 3)" 2238:"Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty-Land-Warrant Application Files (p. 7)" 1155:

out complex criminal investigations, present cases for prosecution to local

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Lightning-sparked wildfires are frequent occurrences on BLM land in Nevada.

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Sterba, James P. "Revived Killing of Wild Horses for Pet Food Is Feared."

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BLM manages 20.6 million acres (83,000 km) of public lands with

5101: 4813: 2684: 2538: 1957: 1722: 1344: 1204: 1132: 813:, and conducts resurveys to restore obliterated or lost original surveys. 709: 656: 637: 590: 455: 3006:"Bureau of Land Management officially relocates to new home in Colorado" 1781: 667:. The BLM issues permits for oil and gas, coal, strategic minerals, and 593:

announced that the headquarters would be moved back to Washington, D.C.

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Office of the Assistant Secretary for Insular and International Affairs

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Office of the Assistant Secretary for Insular and International Affairs

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Fatigued BLM Firefighters taking a break after a fire in Oregon in 2008

550: 267: 247: 3242:"New BLM land acquisitions open up nearly 40,000 acres of public land" 1671: 1586: 4723: 1369: 1151: 852:

near Amarillo, Texas, a program begun in 1925 during the time of the

801:. The BLM is the official record keeper for over 200 years' worth of 660: 451: 3190:"Cows, coal and climate change: A Q&A with the new BLM director" 3165:"Bureau of Land Management headquarters to return to Washington, DC" 2270:"British-American Diplomacy Treaty of Paris – Hunter Miller's Notes" 1735: 1639: 1554: 1505: 1363:

Its large portfolio of productive timberlands leaves BLM with woody

834:. Approximately 5,000 miles (8,000 km) of energy corridors for 559:

reported that in March 2019, the price per acre for leases near the

4652:"BLM Director Bob Abbey to Retire After 34 Years of Public Service" 1592: 1473: 1098:

About 36 million acres (150,000 km) (some units overlap)

853: 747: 652: 648: 636:. Under this formula, the grazing fee cannot fall below $ 1.35 per 476:

Oregon and California Revested Lands Sustained Yield Management Act

251: 2953:"Trump signs $ 3-billion-a-year plan to boost conservation, parks" 1409: 478:

of 1937, commonly referred as the O&C Act, required sustained

4681:"Interior names energy and mineral chief new acting BLM director" 4611:. Public Lands Foundation. April 2012. p. 16. Archived from 3579:"IntIntroduction: The California Desert Conservation Area (CDCA)" 3149: 3126: 2938:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

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Opportunity & Challenge: The Story of BLM – Official History

1622: 1522: 1143:(FLETC). Full-time staffing for these positions approaches 300. 742:. The Bureau manages 55 million acres (220,000 km) of 1716: 1329: 1302: 810: 751: 743: 474:

by establishment of advisory boards that set grazing fees. The

459: 395: 339: 334: 271: 263: 239: 3986:"H.R. 146 (111th): Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009" 2770:"Orton's bill would erase power to declare permanent monument" 1539: 1246: 374:. As additional lands were acquired by the United States from 5073: 3640:"2014 National and State Fire Preparedness Program Summaries" 2818: 1571: 1250: 1220: 1216: 1196: 1183: 399: 351: 255: 4791: 2553:"O&C Sustained Yield Act: the Law, the Land, the Legacy" 5350: 685: 578:

Also in August 2020, the BLM headquarters was relocated to

447: 403: 275: 3273:"The U.S. just changed how it manages a tenth of its land" 2296:

British foreign policy in an age of revolutions, 1783–1793

3336:"Fact Sheet on the BLM's Management of Livestock Grazing" 3169: 2027:"Fact Sheet on the BLM's Management of Livestock Grazing" 867: 672:

Nevada has the most at 203,705 and California has 49,259.

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Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2014.

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to manage activities on the remaining public lands. The

4738: 4038:"BLM Law Enforcement: Protecting Public Land Resources" 2365:. National Archives and Records Administration (1974). 2243:. National Archives and Records Administration (1974). 2001:"The Bureau of Land Management: Who We Are, What We Do" 1261:"appropriate management level" (AML) by almost 22,500. 1219:

on public lands in ten western states. Though they are

647:. Domestic production from over 63,000 Federal onshore 391: 5713:

White House Office of Energy and Climate Change Policy

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Office of Surface Mining, Reclamation, and Enforcement

3515:"Senate Report 106-491 – Outfitter Policy Act of 1999" 3112: 4231:"The Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act of 1971" 3812: 3139: 2430:"BLM and Its Predecessors: A Long and Varied History" 1131:

of the United States Government. BLM law enforcement

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Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement

3188:

Mohr, Kylie; Stone-Manning, Tracy (April 15, 2022).

2887:"Trump administration rushes to lease federal lands" 2736: 2324:

Vernon Carstensen, "Patterns on the American Land."

1223:, the agency is obligated to protect them under the 608:

conservation including use of indigenous knowledge.

5611:

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

1887: 1225:

Wild and Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act of 1971

1188:

Wild and Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act of 1971

298:and some 636 other protected areas as part of the 171: 5764:United States Department of the Interior agencies 4370:https://www.blm.gov/programs/wild-horse-and-burro 4328: 4326: 3187: 2050: 2048: 493:to form the Bureau of Land Management within the 342:, managed by the Battle Mountain BLM Field Office 5725: 5601:Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 5487:Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy 4664:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 4262: 4260: 3672:"Mineral and Surface Acreage Managed by the BLM" 3453:"Bureau of Land Management Administrative Areas" 2980:"BLM secures site for Western leadership office" 2399:. National Archives and Records Administration. 1890:Bureau of Land Management: FY2021 Appropriations 435:of 1877 have since been repealed or superseded. 234:. Most BLM public lands are located in these 12 218:in 1946 by combining two existing agencies: the 5442:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 4972: 4420: 4418: 4416: 3125:from the original on April 5, 2022 – via 2849: 2791: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2345:. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1173: 1114: 728:designated by Congress in 1976 by means of the 27:Agency within the US Department of the Interior 4860:Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement 4323: 4004: 3848: 3846: 3113:US Interior Press Team (September 17, 2021). 3003: 2879: 2045: 1316:In 2010, BLM approved the first utility-scale 600:said in an interview published in April 2022. 566:On August 4, 2020, President Trump signed the 5698:Environmental Science Services Administration 5351:National Aeronautics and Space Administration 5305: 4958: 4777: 4257: 4130: 4128: 4126: 4124: 3954: 3952: 3950: 3948: 3330: 3328: 3326: 3324: 3322: 3320: 3318: 3316: 3140:Secretary Deb Haaland (September 17, 2021). 2336: 2334: 5500:National Laboratories and Technology Centers 4413: 4288:. National Academy of Sciences. p. 16. 3926:. Department of the Interior. Archived from 3602: 3600: 3549:. Volume 198. BLM. July 2014. Archived from 2782: 963:Areas Similar to National Conservation Areas 788:Leasing and Land Management of Split Estates 655:on BLM lands accounts for 11 percent of the 5774:Wild and Scenic Rivers of the United States 5677:U.S. Special Presidential Envoy for Climate 4716:(University Press of Kansas, 2009) 320 pp. 4241:. Lewis & Clark Law School: 1049–1079. 3843: 3756: 3754: 3752: 3664: 2645:Opportunity and Challenge: The Story of BLM 2616:Opportunity and Challenge: The Story of BLM 2587:Opportunity and Challenge: The Story of BLM 582:, by an order signed by Interior Secretary 527:Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument 350:Snow-covered cliffs of Snake River Canyon, 5672:Clean Energy Innovation and Implementation 5606:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 5523:Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service 5312: 5298: 4965: 4951: 4913:Central Utah Project Completion Act Office 4784: 4770: 4574: 4572: 4570: 4339: 4312: 4310: 4121: 3945: 3725: 3723: 3313: 2737:Mathew Barrett Gross (February 13, 2002). 2730: 2343:A history of the rectangular survey system 2331: 2320: 2318: 2316: 1939: 1937: 1234:In 1973, BLM began a pilot project on the 878:Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 370:ceded to the federal government after the 354:, managed by the Boise District of the BLM 177: 5634:Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency 5064:Washington–Rochambeau Revolutionary Route 4543: 4541: 4450: 4426:"BLM Fact Sheet: Renewable Energy: Solar" 3915: 3913: 3911: 3597: 3581:. BLM. September 19, 2012. Archived from 3509: 3507: 3389: 2545: 2424: 2422: 2420: 2418: 2272:. The Avalon Project at Yale Law School. 1975:"History of the BLM: Yesterday and Today" 1229:Public Rangelands Improvement Act of 1978 634:Public Rangelands Improvement Act of 1978 5759:Nature conservation in the United States 5739:1946 establishments in the United States 4793:United States Department of the Interior 4502: 4388: 4161: 4159: 4157: 3962:. The Wilderness Society. Archived from 3960:"National Landscape Conservation System" 3749: 3698:"LEASING AND MANAGEMENT OF SPLIT ESTATE" 3538: 3536: 3213: 2824: 2767: 2664: 2456:"Mineral Leasing Act of 1920 As Amended" 1272: 1245: 1195: 1166:chambered in 9mm which is replacing the 1141:Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers 1118: 761: 615: 345: 333: 325: 197:United States Department of the Interior 119:1849 C Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20240 5744:Government agencies established in 1946 5708:United States Coast and Geodetic Survey 5649:Combat Capabilities Development Command 5409:United States Fish and Wildlife Service 4888:United States Fish and Wildlife Service 4638:Commissioner of the General Land Office 4567: 4476: 4382: 4307: 4228: 3883: 3780: 3720: 3632: 3620:from the original on September 24, 2015 3573: 3571: 3480: 3478: 3270: 3239: 3084: 3031: 3004:O'Donoghue, Amy Joi (August 11, 2020). 2670: 2524: 2518: 2468:from the original on September 23, 2015 2391: 2389: 2387: 2354: 2352: 2313: 2306: 2304: 1943: 1934: 547:United States Secretary of the Interior 18:United States Bureau of Land Management 14: 5726: 5543:Natural Resources Conservation Service 4538: 4401:from the original on November 29, 2014 4295:from the original on November 29, 2014 4245:from the original on November 29, 2014 4222: 3992:from the original on November 29, 2014 3908: 3865:from the original on November 27, 2014 3800:from the original on November 29, 2014 3504: 2959:. The Associated Press. August 4, 2020 2705:from the original on November 29, 2014 2506:from the original on November 29, 2014 2415: 2403:from the original on November 29, 2014 2372:from the original on February 13, 2015 2250:from the original on February 13, 2015 2218:from the original on November 26, 2014 2206: 2204: 2202: 2200: 2198: 2134: 1969: 1967: 874:National Landscape Conservation System 868:National Landscape Conservation System 819:. BLM maintains an inventory of known 730:Federal Land Policy and Management Act 531:National Landscape Conservation System 506:Federal Land Policy and Management Act 482:of the timberlands in western Oregon. 5293: 4946: 4765: 4526:from the original on December 7, 2014 4198: 4196: 4194: 4192: 4190: 4188: 4154: 4095: 4062: 3896:from the original on November 9, 2017 3852: 3533: 3338:. BLM. March 28, 2014. Archived from 3162: 3085:Beitsch, Rebecca (January 28, 2021). 2977: 2825:Nazaryan, Alexander (June 18, 2019). 2641: 2612: 2583: 2565:from the original on October 24, 2012 2340: 2212:"The BLM: The Agency and its History" 1908: 1170:/P229 both chambered in .40 S&W. 1014:12,760,472 acres (51,639.80 km) 561:Golden Spike National Historical Park 56:Flag of the Bureau of Land Management 5754:Land management in the United States 4869:Bureau of Trust Funds Administration 4678: 3568: 3475: 3240:Schmitt, Kristen A. (June 7, 2022). 3177:from the original on March 27, 2023. 3032:Beitsch, Rebecca (August 10, 2020). 2827:"Trump Uses Chaos to Get Stuff Done" 2768:Davidson, Lee (September 27, 1996). 2384: 2349: 2328:Fall 1987, Vol. 18 Issue 4, pp 31–39 2301: 2118:. September 30, 2016. Archived from 2088:. September 30, 2016. Archived from 1888:Carol Hardy Vincent (June 7, 2021). 1109:Source: BLM Resources and Statistics 992:8,711,938 acres (35,255.96 km) 948:3,671,519 acres (14,858.11 km) 926:5,590,135 acres (22,622.47 km) 5110:Captain John Smith Chesapeake Trail 4908:Office of Natural Resources Revenue 4691:from the original on March 17, 2017 3831:from the original on April 14, 2009 3463:from the original on April 23, 2019 3433:from the original on April 27, 2018 3297:. November 13, 2007. Archived from 2867:from the original on March 28, 2019 2671:Elliott, Clayton R. (August 2010). 2525:Elliott, Clayton R. (August 2010). 2486: 2195: 1964: 1944:Elliott, Clayton R. (August 2010). 1281:located on BLM-managed land in the 1268: 1150:By contrast BLM special agents are 1036:1,001,353 acres (4,052.33 km) 790:. A split estate is similar to the 722:California Desert Conservation Area 462:to take place on public lands. The 390:, signed by the United States, the 308:National Scenic and Historic Trails 24: 5576:Science and Technology Directorate 5491:Office of Environmental Management 4706: 4347:"BLM Horses: What's Their Future." 4204:"Wild Horse and Burro Quick Facts" 4185: 3271:Joselow, Maxine (April 18, 2024). 3214:LaChance, Brendan (June 1, 2022). 2893:from the original on July 31, 2019 2837:from the original on June 18, 2019 2652:from the original on July 31, 2019 2623:from the original on July 31, 2019 2594:from the original on July 31, 2019 1384:Directors of the BLM 1946–present 44:Bureau of Land Management Triangle 25: 5790: 5659:Executive Office of the President 5547:National Water and Climate Center 5394:Bureau of Ocean Energy Management 5321:United States government agencies 5009:El Camino Real de los Tejas Trail 4923:National Invasive Species Council 4873:National Indian Gaming Commission 4855:Bureau of Ocean Energy Management 4730: 4722:United States. Congress. Senate. 4389:Friedman, Gabe (August 6, 2014). 3853:Krule, Miriam (October 2, 2013). 3793:. Department of the Interior IG. 3163:Stark, Liz (September 17, 2021). 2648:. Denver: BLM. pp. 104–106. 2619:. Denver: BLM. pp. 160–172. 2276:from the original on May 16, 2015 1192:List of BLM Herd Management Areas 970:436,164 acres (1,765.09 km) 842:are located on BLM-managed lands. 805:records and plats as part of the 589:On September 17, 2021, Secretary 491:United States General Land Office 413:United States General Land Office 220:United States General Land Office 97:United States General Land Office 5682:Council on Environmental Quality 5462:Oceanic and Atmospheric Research 5014:El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro 4931: 4827:Deputy Secretary of the Interior 4672: 4643: 4630: 2933: 2496:Encyclopedia of the Great Plains 1977:. BLM California. Archived from 1809: 1780: 1752: 1734: 1715: 1700: 1685: 1670: 1653: 1638: 1621: 1602: 1585: 1570: 1553: 1538: 1521: 1504: 1487: 1472: 1457: 1442: 1425: 1408: 1236:Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range 573:Land and Water Conservation Fund 110:United States federal government 50: 38: 5568:Department of Homeland Security 5414:United States Geological Survey 5337:Environmental Protection Agency 4893:United States Geological Survey 4679:Burr, Thomas (March 15, 2017). 4598: 4519:. GAO-13-189: 6. January 2013. 4362: 4273: 4030: 3978: 3877: 3690: 3445: 3423:"Programs: Energy and Minerals" 3415: 3363: 3354: 3287: 3264: 3233: 3207: 3181: 3156: 3133: 3106: 3078: 3053: 3025: 2997: 2971: 2945: 2917:U.S. Department of the Interior 2905: 2761: 2717: 2701:. Legal Information Institute. 2691: 2635: 2606: 2577: 2480: 2448: 2288: 2262: 2230: 2169: 2143: 2104: 1139:receive their training through 1029:National Wild and Scenic Rivers 1023:National Wild and Scenic Rivers 659:supply and five percent of the 358:The BLM's roots go back to the 161:U.S. Department of the Interior 5344:Global Change Research Program 4359:. Accessed September 20, 2013. 2799:. May 30, 2019. Archived from 2642:James, Muhn (September 1988). 2613:James, Muhn (September 1988). 2584:James, Muhn (September 1988). 2500:University of Nebraska-Lincoln 2074: 2019: 1993: 1894:Congressional Research Service 1881: 1855: 1357:capacity in the United States. 1129:federal law enforcement agency 782:Mineral rights on Indian lands 541:to a June 18, 2018 article in 425:Office of the Surveyor General 199:responsible for administering 13: 1: 5779:Wildfire suppression agencies 5769:United States public land law 5703:United States Fish Commission 5629:Air Force Research Laboratory 5518:Agricultural Research Service 4580:"Woody Biomass and Bioenergy" 4229:Roberto, Iraola (Fall 2005). 3884:Collins, Gail (May 3, 2013). 3544:"Public Land Statistics 2013" 2725:The Nation's Largest Landlord 2558:. Bureau of Land Management. 2056:"National Conservation Lands" 1849: 1101:8,184 miles (13,171 km) 521:used his authority under the 468:United States Grazing Service 5639:Joint Typhoon Warning Center 5538:Foreign Agricultural Service 4918:Indian Arts and Crafts Board 3886:"Opinion - An Ode to Helium" 2978:Staff (September 20, 2019). 1376: 1279:Ivanpah Solar Power Facility 1174:Wild horse and burro program 1115:Law enforcement and security 1061:5,078 miles (8,172 km) 1039:2,423 miles (3,899 km) 694:National Back Country Byways 472:manage the public rangelands 306:, and nearly 6,000 miles of 7: 5358:National Science Foundation 5019:Juan Bautista de Anza Trail 4974:U.S. National Trails System 4345:Raia, Pat (March 1, 2009). 4320:15:503 at 528 (Spring 1985) 3488:. BLM. 2014. Archived from 2590:. Denver: BLM. p. 52. 1869:. Bureau of Land Management 1827: 1162:The current sidearm is the 957:National Conservation Lands 941:National Conservation Areas 935:National Conservation Lands 913:National Conservation Lands 611: 568:Great American Outdoors Act 545:, under the tenure of then- 444:Mineral Leasing Act of 1920 300:National Conservation Lands 10: 5795: 5533:Food and Nutrition Service 5376:Department of the Interior 5253:National Recreation Trails 5138:Star-Spangled Banner Trail 5132:Overmountain Victory Trail 4845:Bureau of Indian Education 4379:. Accessed April 27, 2017. 4352:December 25, 2014, at the 4334:North Carolina Law Review. 4012:"Resources and Statistics" 1177: 1083:683 miles (1,099 km) 706:National Recreation Trails 665:General Mining Law of 1872 630:Taylor Grazing Act of 1934 495:Department of the Interior 429:General Mining Law of 1872 417:Department of the Treasury 321: 210:The Bureau was created by 195:) is an agency within the 5734:Bureau of Land Management 5690: 5657: 5619: 5589: 5581:United States Coast Guard 5566: 5510:Department of Agriculture 5508: 5477: 5432: 5389:Bureau of Land Management 5374: 5331: 5271: 5251: 5233: 5151: 5118: 5100: 5072: 5054:Selma to Montgomery Trail 4989: 4980: 4929: 4850:Bureau of Land Management 4835: 4818:Secretary of the Interior 4799: 4746:Bureau of Land Management 3702:Bureau of Land Management 2341:White, C. Albert (1991). 1383: 872:Established in 2000, the 807:Public Land Survey System 382:and other countries, the 214:during the presidency of 189:Bureau of Land Management 166: 156: 139: 131: 123: 115: 105: 84: 66: 61: 49: 37: 33:Bureau of Land Management 5749:Grand Junction, Colorado 5644:Office of Naval Research 5452:Marine Fisheries Service 5384:Bureau of Indian Affairs 5178:Continental Divide Trail 5128:(motor, land, and water) 4982:National Historic Trails 4840:Bureau of Indian Affairs 4649:Retired end of May 2012 4458:"New Energy for America" 4070:"FY 2015 BLM Green Book" 2699:"43 U.S. Code § 1702(c)" 2177:"New Energy for America" 1916:"Public Land Statistics" 1368:its biomass supplies in 1052:National Historic Trails 774:Well in excess of 3,000 580:Grand Junction, Colorado 466:of 1934 established the 5553:Rural Utilities Service 5365:Smithsonian Institution 5235:National Geologic Trail 5220:Pacific Northwest Trail 4903:Office of the Solicitor 4718:excerpt and text search 4375:April 23, 2020, at the 1834:Range Improvement Funds 1157:United States Attorneys 850:National Helium Reserve 388:Treaty of Paris of 1783 135:$ 1.31 billion (FY2021) 5434:Department of Commerce 5279:Triple Crown of Hiking 5225:Potomac Heritage Trail 5153:National Scenic Trails 5074:Natural surface trails 4806:Main Interior Building 3762:"Abandoned Mine Lands" 2889:. September 11, 2018. 2326:Journal of Federalism, 1361:Biomass and bioenergy. 1285: 1257: 1208: 1152:criminal investigators 1124: 1074:National Scenic Trails 1068:National Trails System 1046:National Trails System 1007:Wilderness Study Areas 824:investigation. A 2008 767: 621: 408:Land Ordinance of 1785 384:United States Congress 360:Land Ordinance of 1785 355: 343: 331: 304:Wild and Scenic Rivers 72:; 77 years ago 70:December 10, 1946 5667:Climate Policy Office 5621:Department of Defense 5591:Department of Health 5404:National Park Service 5399:Bureau of Reclamation 5325:environmental science 5126:Lewis and Clark Trail 4878:National Park Service 4865:Bureau of Reclamation 4636:Johnson was the last 4582:. BLM. Archived from 4551:. BLM. Archived from 4486:. BLM. Archived from 4460:. BLM. Archived from 4431:. BLM. Archived from 4206:. BLM. Archived from 4169:. BLM. Archived from 4138:. BLM. Archived from 4103:"BLM Law Enforcement" 4075:. BLM. Archived from 4043:. BLM. Archived from 4014:. BLM. Archived from 3764:. BLM. Archived from 3733:. BLM. Archived from 3674:. BLM. Archived from 3645:. BLM. Archived from 3521:. Library of Congress 3399:. BLM. Archived from 3373:. BLM. Archived from 2861:The Salt Lake Tribune 2743:University of Montana 2679:. pp. 5, 51–52. 2677:University of Montana 2531:University of Montana 2432:. BLM. Archived from 2179:. BLM. Archived from 2153:. BLM. Archived from 2058:. BLM. Archived from 2029:. BLM. Archived from 2003:. BLM. Archived from 1950:University of Montana 1918:. BLM. Archived from 1788:William Perry Pendley 1277:Aerial photograph of 1276: 1249: 1199: 1122: 765: 619: 556:The Salt Lake Tribune 349: 337: 329: 232:Homestead Act of 1862 5479:Department of Energy 5243:Ice Age Floods Trail 4999:Butterfield Overland 4586:on November 29, 2014 4555:on November 29, 2014 4490:on November 29, 2014 4464:on November 21, 2014 4438:on November 29, 2014 4173:on November 28, 2014 4167:"BLM Special Agents" 4142:on November 28, 2014 4109:on November 28, 2014 4092:<Page VII-135> 4082:on November 28, 2014 4050:on November 28, 2014 4018:on November 29, 2014 3966:on November 30, 2014 3933:on November 28, 2014 3768:on November 29, 2014 3737:on November 13, 2014 3708:on December 23, 2018 3678:on November 16, 2016 3652:on November 29, 2014 3585:on November 29, 2014 3556:on November 28, 2014 3492:on November 28, 2014 3403:on November 29, 2014 3377:on November 27, 2014 3342:on November 29, 2014 2749:on November 26, 2007 2492:"Taylor Grazing Act" 2436:on November 26, 2014 2157:on November 27, 2014 2062:on November 22, 2016 2033:on November 29, 2014 2007:on November 27, 2014 1981:on November 27, 2014 1839:Rangeland management 776:full-time equivalent 489:was merged with the 203:. Headquartered in 92:U.S. Grazing Service 5528:Farm Service Agency 5215:Pacific Crest Trail 5203:North Country Trail 5198:Natchez Trace Trail 4991:Scenic motor routes 4618:on November 8, 2012 4549:"Geothermal Energy" 4336:79:1108 (May 2001). 4210:on January 31, 2016 3731:"Cadastral History" 3429:. August 17, 2016. 3065:amp.theguardian.com 2923:on November 1, 2020 2741:. Headwaters News, 2183:on February 6, 2015 2122:on January 30, 2017 2092:on February 7, 2017 1922:on November 5, 2014 1844:Sagebrush Rebellion 1817:Tracy Stone-Manning 1792:2019–2021 (acting) 1775:2017–2019 (acting) 1710:2012–2013 (acting) 1213:free-roaming horses 848:. BLM operates the 726:southern California 598:Tracy Stone-Manning 372:American Revolution 364:Northwest Ordinance 147:Tracy Stone-Manning 34: 5593:and Human Services 5044:Pony Express Trail 4823:Laura Daniel-Davis 4712:Skillen, James R. 4318:Environmental Law. 3890:The New York Times 3613:. GAO. June 2003. 2863:. March 27, 2019. 2723:James R. Skillen, 1952:. pp. 42–51. 1351:Geothermal energy. 1286: 1258: 1209: 1125: 919:National Monuments 840:transmission lines 768: 758:in western Oregon. 622: 464:Taylor Grazing Act 356: 344: 332: 314:, the states, and 296:national monuments 201:U.S. federal lands 85:Preceding agencies 32: 5721: 5720: 5495:Office of Science 5287: 5286: 5183:New England Trail 5161:Appalachian Trail 5147: 5146: 5140:(motor and water) 5082:Ala Kahakai Trail 5034:Old Spanish Trail 4940: 4939: 4685:Salt Lake Tribune 4235:Environmental Law 3275:. Washington Post 3194:High Country News 2957:Los Angeles Times 2488:Wishart, David J. 1825: 1824: 1800:Nada Wolff Culver 1561:Robert F. Burford 1512:Burton W. Silcock 1479:Charles Stoddard 1355:geothermal energy 1111: 1105: 1104: 826:Inspector General 799:Cadastral surveys 702:National Historic 535:Andalex Resources 525:to establish the 499:Mississippi River 368:Thirteen Colonies 185: 184: 16:(Redirected from 5786: 5314: 5307: 5300: 5291: 5290: 5134:(motor and land) 5004:California Trail 4987: 4986: 4967: 4960: 4953: 4944: 4943: 4935: 4934: 4786: 4779: 4772: 4763: 4762: 4751:Federal Register 4742: 4741: 4739:Official website 4701: 4700: 4698: 4696: 4676: 4670: 4669: 4663: 4655: 4647: 4641: 4634: 4628: 4627: 4625: 4623: 4617: 4610: 4602: 4596: 4595: 4593: 4591: 4576: 4565: 4564: 4562: 4560: 4545: 4536: 4535: 4533: 4531: 4525: 4514: 4506: 4500: 4499: 4497: 4495: 4480: 4474: 4473: 4471: 4469: 4454: 4448: 4447: 4445: 4443: 4437: 4430: 4422: 4411: 4410: 4408: 4406: 4386: 4380: 4366: 4360: 4343: 4337: 4330: 4321: 4314: 4305: 4304: 4302: 4300: 4294: 4287: 4277: 4271: 4264: 4255: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4226: 4220: 4219: 4217: 4215: 4200: 4183: 4182: 4180: 4178: 4163: 4152: 4151: 4149: 4147: 4132: 4119: 4118: 4116: 4114: 4105:. Archived from 4099: 4093: 4091: 4089: 4087: 4081: 4074: 4066: 4060: 4059: 4057: 4055: 4049: 4042: 4034: 4028: 4027: 4025: 4023: 4008: 4002: 4001: 3999: 3997: 3982: 3976: 3975: 3973: 3971: 3956: 3943: 3942: 3940: 3938: 3932: 3925: 3917: 3906: 3905: 3903: 3901: 3881: 3875: 3874: 3872: 3870: 3850: 3841: 3840: 3838: 3836: 3821: 3810: 3809: 3807: 3805: 3799: 3792: 3784: 3778: 3777: 3775: 3773: 3758: 3747: 3746: 3744: 3742: 3727: 3718: 3717: 3715: 3713: 3704:. Archived from 3694: 3688: 3687: 3685: 3683: 3668: 3662: 3661: 3659: 3657: 3651: 3644: 3636: 3630: 3629: 3627: 3625: 3619: 3612: 3604: 3595: 3594: 3592: 3590: 3575: 3566: 3565: 3563: 3561: 3555: 3548: 3540: 3531: 3530: 3528: 3526: 3511: 3502: 3501: 3499: 3497: 3482: 3473: 3472: 3470: 3468: 3449: 3443: 3442: 3440: 3438: 3419: 3413: 3412: 3410: 3408: 3393: 3387: 3386: 3384: 3382: 3367: 3361: 3358: 3352: 3351: 3349: 3347: 3332: 3311: 3310: 3308: 3306: 3301:on July 27, 2011 3291: 3285: 3284: 3282: 3280: 3268: 3262: 3261: 3259: 3257: 3252:on June 27, 2022 3248:. Archived from 3237: 3231: 3230: 3228: 3226: 3211: 3205: 3204: 3202: 3200: 3185: 3179: 3178: 3160: 3154: 3153: 3137: 3131: 3130: 3110: 3104: 3103: 3101: 3099: 3082: 3076: 3075: 3073: 3071: 3057: 3051: 3050: 3048: 3046: 3029: 3023: 3022: 3020: 3018: 3001: 2995: 2994: 2992: 2990: 2975: 2969: 2968: 2966: 2964: 2949: 2943: 2937: 2936: 2932: 2930: 2928: 2919:. Archived from 2909: 2903: 2902: 2900: 2898: 2883: 2877: 2876: 2874: 2872: 2853: 2847: 2846: 2844: 2842: 2822: 2816: 2815: 2813: 2811: 2805: 2793: 2780: 2779: 2765: 2759: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2745:. Archived from 2734: 2728: 2721: 2715: 2714: 2712: 2710: 2695: 2689: 2688: 2668: 2662: 2661: 2659: 2657: 2639: 2633: 2632: 2630: 2628: 2610: 2604: 2603: 2601: 2599: 2581: 2575: 2574: 2572: 2570: 2564: 2557: 2549: 2543: 2542: 2522: 2516: 2515: 2513: 2511: 2484: 2478: 2477: 2475: 2473: 2467: 2460: 2452: 2446: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2426: 2413: 2412: 2410: 2408: 2393: 2382: 2381: 2379: 2377: 2371: 2364: 2356: 2347: 2346: 2338: 2329: 2322: 2311: 2308: 2299: 2292: 2286: 2285: 2283: 2281: 2266: 2260: 2259: 2257: 2255: 2249: 2242: 2234: 2228: 2227: 2225: 2223: 2208: 2193: 2192: 2190: 2188: 2173: 2167: 2166: 2164: 2162: 2147: 2141: 2138: 2132: 2131: 2129: 2127: 2108: 2102: 2101: 2099: 2097: 2078: 2072: 2071: 2069: 2067: 2052: 2043: 2042: 2040: 2038: 2023: 2017: 2016: 2014: 2012: 1997: 1991: 1990: 1988: 1986: 1971: 1962: 1961: 1941: 1932: 1931: 1929: 1927: 1912: 1906: 1905: 1903: 1901: 1885: 1879: 1878: 1876: 1874: 1863:"Working at BLM" 1859: 1813: 1784: 1756: 1738: 1719: 1704: 1689: 1674: 1657: 1642: 1625: 1606: 1589: 1574: 1557: 1542: 1525: 1508: 1491: 1476: 1461: 1446: 1429: 1412: 1381: 1380: 1337:(2,843 ha). 1334:renewable energy 1291:renewable energy 1269:Renewable energy 1211:The BLM manages 1107: 985:Wilderness Areas 891: 890: 886:wildlife refuges 861:Revenue and fees 832:Energy corridors 803:cadastral survey 792:broad form deeds 669:renewable energy 480:yield management 440:Executive Branch 292:wilderness areas 205:Washington, D.C. 181: 176: 173: 140:Agency executive 80: 78: 73: 54: 42: 35: 31: 21: 5794: 5793: 5789: 5788: 5787: 5785: 5784: 5783: 5724: 5723: 5722: 5717: 5686: 5653: 5615: 5592: 5585: 5562: 5504: 5473: 5467:Weather Service 5447:Geodetic Survey 5428: 5370: 5327: 5318: 5288: 5283: 5267: 5247: 5229: 5143: 5114: 5096: 5068: 5029:Nez Perce Trail 4976: 4971: 4941: 4936: 4932: 4927: 4831: 4795: 4790: 4737: 4736: 4733: 4709: 4707:Further reading 4704: 4694: 4692: 4677: 4673: 4657: 4656: 4650: 4648: 4644: 4635: 4631: 4621: 4619: 4615: 4608: 4604: 4603: 4599: 4589: 4587: 4578: 4577: 4568: 4558: 4556: 4547: 4546: 4539: 4529: 4527: 4523: 4512: 4508: 4507: 4503: 4493: 4491: 4482: 4481: 4477: 4467: 4465: 4456: 4455: 4451: 4441: 4439: 4435: 4428: 4424: 4423: 4414: 4404: 4402: 4387: 4383: 4377:Wayback Machine 4367: 4363: 4354:Wayback Machine 4344: 4340: 4331: 4324: 4315: 4308: 4298: 4296: 4292: 4285: 4279: 4278: 4274: 4270:August 3, 1974. 4268:New York Times. 4265: 4258: 4248: 4246: 4227: 4223: 4213: 4211: 4202: 4201: 4186: 4176: 4174: 4165: 4164: 4155: 4145: 4143: 4134: 4133: 4122: 4112: 4110: 4101: 4100: 4096: 4085: 4083: 4079: 4072: 4068: 4067: 4063: 4053: 4051: 4047: 4040: 4036: 4035: 4031: 4021: 4019: 4010: 4009: 4005: 3995: 3993: 3988:. Govtrack.us. 3984: 3983: 3979: 3969: 3967: 3958: 3957: 3946: 3936: 3934: 3930: 3923: 3919: 3918: 3909: 3899: 3897: 3882: 3878: 3868: 3866: 3851: 3844: 3834: 3832: 3823: 3822: 3813: 3803: 3801: 3797: 3790: 3786: 3785: 3781: 3771: 3769: 3760: 3759: 3750: 3740: 3738: 3729: 3728: 3721: 3711: 3709: 3696: 3695: 3691: 3681: 3679: 3670: 3669: 3665: 3655: 3653: 3649: 3642: 3638: 3637: 3633: 3623: 3621: 3617: 3610: 3606: 3605: 3598: 3588: 3586: 3577: 3576: 3569: 3559: 3557: 3553: 3546: 3542: 3541: 3534: 3524: 3522: 3513: 3512: 3505: 3495: 3493: 3484: 3483: 3476: 3466: 3464: 3451: 3450: 3446: 3436: 3434: 3421: 3420: 3416: 3406: 3404: 3395: 3394: 3390: 3380: 3378: 3369: 3368: 3364: 3359: 3355: 3345: 3343: 3334: 3333: 3314: 3304: 3302: 3293: 3292: 3288: 3278: 3276: 3269: 3265: 3255: 3253: 3238: 3234: 3224: 3222: 3212: 3208: 3198: 3196: 3186: 3182: 3161: 3157: 3138: 3134: 3111: 3107: 3097: 3095: 3083: 3079: 3069: 3067: 3059: 3058: 3054: 3044: 3042: 3030: 3026: 3016: 3014: 3002: 2998: 2988: 2986: 2976: 2972: 2962: 2960: 2951: 2950: 2946: 2934: 2926: 2924: 2911: 2910: 2906: 2896: 2894: 2885: 2884: 2880: 2870: 2868: 2855: 2854: 2850: 2840: 2838: 2823: 2819: 2809: 2807: 2806:on May 31, 2019 2803: 2795: 2794: 2783: 2766: 2762: 2752: 2750: 2735: 2731: 2722: 2718: 2708: 2706: 2697: 2696: 2692: 2669: 2665: 2655: 2653: 2640: 2636: 2626: 2624: 2611: 2607: 2597: 2595: 2582: 2578: 2568: 2566: 2562: 2555: 2551: 2550: 2546: 2523: 2519: 2509: 2507: 2485: 2481: 2471: 2469: 2465: 2458: 2454: 2453: 2449: 2439: 2437: 2428: 2427: 2416: 2406: 2404: 2395: 2394: 2385: 2375: 2373: 2369: 2362: 2358: 2357: 2350: 2339: 2332: 2323: 2314: 2309: 2302: 2298:(1994) pp 11–20 2294:Black, Jeremy. 2293: 2289: 2279: 2277: 2268: 2267: 2263: 2253: 2251: 2247: 2240: 2236: 2235: 2231: 2221: 2219: 2210: 2209: 2196: 2186: 2184: 2175: 2174: 2170: 2160: 2158: 2149: 2148: 2144: 2139: 2135: 2125: 2123: 2110: 2109: 2105: 2095: 2093: 2080: 2079: 2075: 2065: 2063: 2054: 2053: 2046: 2036: 2034: 2025: 2024: 2020: 2010: 2008: 1999: 1998: 1994: 1984: 1982: 1973: 1972: 1965: 1942: 1935: 1925: 1923: 1914: 1913: 1909: 1899: 1897: 1886: 1882: 1872: 1870: 1861: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1830: 1765: 1747: 1728: 1661:Kathleen Clarke 1615: 1464:Karl Landstrom 1449:Edward Woosley 1416:Fred W. Johnson 1379: 1271: 1255:Red Rock Canyon 1194: 1176: 1117: 870: 821:abandoned mines 817:Abandoned mines 698:National Scenic 614: 584:David Bernhardt 523:Antiquities Act 487:Grazing Service 433:Desert Land Act 415:as part of the 324: 316:Native American 224:Grazing Service 216:Harry S. Truman 170: 152: 101: 76: 74: 71: 62:Agency overview 57: 45: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5792: 5782: 5781: 5776: 5771: 5766: 5761: 5756: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5736: 5719: 5718: 5716: 5715: 5710: 5705: 5700: 5694: 5692: 5688: 5687: 5685: 5684: 5679: 5674: 5669: 5663: 5661: 5655: 5654: 5652: 5651: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5625: 5623: 5617: 5616: 5614: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5597: 5595: 5587: 5586: 5584: 5583: 5578: 5572: 5570: 5564: 5563: 5561: 5560: 5558:Forest Service 5555: 5550: 5540: 5535: 5530: 5525: 5520: 5514: 5512: 5506: 5505: 5503: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5489: 5483: 5481: 5475: 5474: 5472: 5471: 5470: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5438: 5436: 5430: 5429: 5427: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5380: 5378: 5372: 5371: 5369: 5368: 5361: 5354: 5347: 5340: 5332: 5329: 5328: 5317: 5316: 5309: 5302: 5294: 5285: 5284: 5282: 5281: 5275: 5273: 5269: 5268: 5266: 5265: 5257: 5255: 5249: 5248: 5246: 5245: 5239: 5237: 5231: 5230: 5228: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5211: 5210: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5170: 5169: 5168: 5157: 5155: 5149: 5148: 5145: 5144: 5142: 5141: 5135: 5129: 5122: 5120: 5116: 5115: 5113: 5112: 5106: 5104: 5098: 5097: 5095: 5094: 5092:Iditarod Trail 5089: 5087:Chilkoot Trail 5084: 5078: 5076: 5070: 5069: 5067: 5066: 5061: 5059:Trail of Tears 5056: 5051: 5049:Santa Fe Trail 5046: 5041: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5006: 5001: 4995: 4993: 4984: 4978: 4977: 4970: 4969: 4962: 4955: 4947: 4938: 4937: 4930: 4928: 4926: 4925: 4920: 4915: 4910: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4885: 4880: 4875: 4870: 4867: 4862: 4857: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4836: 4833: 4832: 4830: 4829: 4820: 4810: 4809: 4803:Headquarters: 4800: 4797: 4796: 4789: 4788: 4781: 4774: 4766: 4760: 4759: 4754: 4743: 4732: 4731:External links 4729: 4728: 4727: 4720: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4702: 4671: 4642: 4629: 4597: 4566: 4537: 4501: 4475: 4449: 4412: 4395:The New Yorker 4381: 4361: 4338: 4322: 4306: 4272: 4256: 4221: 4184: 4153: 4120: 4094: 4061: 4029: 4003: 3977: 3944: 3907: 3876: 3842: 3811: 3779: 3748: 3719: 3689: 3663: 3631: 3596: 3567: 3532: 3503: 3474: 3444: 3414: 3388: 3362: 3353: 3312: 3286: 3263: 3232: 3206: 3180: 3155: 3148:) – via 3132: 3105: 3077: 3052: 3024: 2996: 2970: 2944: 2904: 2878: 2848: 2817: 2781: 2760: 2729: 2716: 2690: 2663: 2634: 2605: 2576: 2544: 2533:. p. 45. 2517: 2479: 2447: 2414: 2383: 2348: 2330: 2312: 2300: 2287: 2261: 2229: 2194: 2168: 2142: 2133: 2103: 2073: 2044: 2018: 1992: 1963: 1933: 1907: 1880: 1853: 1851: 1848: 1847: 1846: 1841: 1836: 1829: 1826: 1823: 1822: 1819: 1814: 1806: 1805: 1804:2021 (acting) 1802: 1797: 1794: 1793: 1790: 1785: 1777: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1766: 1762: 1757: 1749: 1748: 1744: 1739: 1731: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1712: 1711: 1708: 1705: 1697: 1696: 1693: 1690: 1682: 1681: 1678: 1677:James Caswell 1675: 1667: 1666: 1663: 1658: 1650: 1649: 1646: 1643: 1635: 1634: 1631: 1626: 1618: 1617: 1612: 1607: 1599: 1598: 1595: 1590: 1582: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1567: 1566: 1563: 1558: 1550: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1535: 1534: 1531: 1526: 1518: 1517: 1514: 1509: 1501: 1500: 1497: 1495:Boyd Rasmussen 1492: 1484: 1483: 1480: 1477: 1469: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1454: 1453: 1450: 1447: 1439: 1438: 1435: 1433:Marion Clawson 1430: 1422: 1421: 1418: 1413: 1405: 1404: 1401: 1398: 1394: 1393: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1385: 1378: 1375: 1374: 1373: 1358: 1348: 1345:wind potential 1338: 1270: 1267: 1175: 1172: 1168:SIG Sauer P226 1164:SIG Sauer P320 1137:special agents 1116: 1113: 1103: 1102: 1099: 1096: 1093: 1088: 1085: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1071: 1063: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1049: 1041: 1040: 1037: 1034: 1031: 1026: 1018: 1017: 1015: 1012: 1009: 1004: 996: 995: 993: 990: 987: 982: 974: 973: 971: 968: 965: 960: 952: 951: 949: 946: 943: 938: 930: 929: 927: 924: 921: 916: 908: 907: 904: 901: 898: 895: 882:national parks 869: 866: 865: 864: 858: 843: 829: 814: 796: 785: 779: 760: 759: 737: 719: 713: 679: 673: 642: 613: 610: 323: 320: 228:mineral estate 183: 182: 168: 164: 163: 158: 154: 153: 151: 150: 143: 141: 137: 136: 133: 129: 128: 125: 121: 120: 117: 113: 112: 107: 103: 102: 100: 99: 94: 88: 86: 82: 81: 68: 64: 63: 59: 58: 55: 47: 46: 43: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5791: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5731: 5729: 5714: 5711: 5709: 5706: 5704: 5701: 5699: 5696: 5695: 5693: 5689: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5673: 5670: 5668: 5665: 5664: 5662: 5660: 5656: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5626: 5624: 5622: 5618: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5598: 5596: 5594: 5588: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5573: 5571: 5569: 5565: 5559: 5556: 5554: 5551: 5548: 5544: 5541: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5531: 5529: 5526: 5524: 5521: 5519: 5516: 5515: 5513: 5511: 5507: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5490: 5488: 5485: 5484: 5482: 5480: 5476: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5457:Ocean Service 5455: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5444: 5443: 5440: 5439: 5437: 5435: 5431: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5381: 5379: 5377: 5373: 5367: 5366: 5362: 5360: 5359: 5355: 5353: 5352: 5348: 5346: 5345: 5341: 5339: 5338: 5334: 5333: 5330: 5326: 5322: 5315: 5310: 5308: 5303: 5301: 5296: 5295: 5292: 5280: 5277: 5276: 5274: 5270: 5264: 5263: 5259: 5258: 5256: 5254: 5250: 5244: 5241: 5240: 5238: 5236: 5232: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5209: 5206: 5205: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5193:Ice Age Trail 5191: 5189: 5188:Florida Trail 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5173:Arizona Trail 5171: 5167: 5164: 5163: 5162: 5159: 5158: 5156: 5154: 5150: 5139: 5136: 5133: 5130: 5127: 5124: 5123: 5121: 5117: 5111: 5108: 5107: 5105: 5103: 5099: 5093: 5090: 5088: 5085: 5083: 5080: 5079: 5077: 5075: 5071: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5052: 5050: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4996: 4994: 4992: 4988: 4985: 4983: 4979: 4975: 4968: 4963: 4961: 4956: 4954: 4949: 4948: 4945: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4914: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4837: 4834: 4828: 4824: 4821: 4819: 4815: 4812: 4811: 4808: 4807: 4802: 4801: 4798: 4794: 4787: 4782: 4780: 4775: 4773: 4768: 4767: 4764: 4758: 4755: 4753: 4752: 4747: 4744: 4740: 4735: 4734: 4725: 4721: 4719: 4715: 4711: 4710: 4690: 4686: 4682: 4675: 4667: 4661: 4653: 4646: 4639: 4633: 4622:September 24, 4614: 4607: 4601: 4585: 4581: 4575: 4573: 4571: 4554: 4550: 4544: 4542: 4522: 4518: 4511: 4505: 4489: 4485: 4484:"Wind Energy" 4479: 4463: 4459: 4453: 4434: 4427: 4421: 4419: 4417: 4400: 4396: 4392: 4385: 4378: 4374: 4371: 4365: 4358: 4355: 4351: 4348: 4342: 4335: 4329: 4327: 4319: 4313: 4311: 4291: 4284: 4283: 4276: 4269: 4263: 4261: 4244: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4225: 4209: 4205: 4199: 4197: 4195: 4193: 4191: 4189: 4172: 4168: 4162: 4160: 4158: 4141: 4137: 4136:"BLM Rangers" 4131: 4129: 4127: 4125: 4108: 4104: 4098: 4078: 4071: 4065: 4046: 4039: 4033: 4017: 4013: 4007: 3991: 3987: 3981: 3965: 3961: 3955: 3953: 3951: 3949: 3929: 3922: 3916: 3914: 3912: 3895: 3891: 3887: 3880: 3864: 3860: 3856: 3849: 3847: 3830: 3826: 3820: 3818: 3816: 3796: 3789: 3783: 3767: 3763: 3757: 3755: 3753: 3736: 3732: 3726: 3724: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3693: 3677: 3673: 3667: 3648: 3641: 3635: 3616: 3609: 3603: 3601: 3584: 3580: 3574: 3572: 3552: 3545: 3539: 3537: 3520: 3519:congress.gov/ 3516: 3510: 3508: 3491: 3487: 3481: 3479: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3448: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3418: 3402: 3398: 3397:"Mining Laws" 3392: 3376: 3372: 3371:"Oil and Gas" 3366: 3357: 3341: 3337: 3331: 3329: 3327: 3325: 3323: 3321: 3319: 3317: 3300: 3296: 3290: 3274: 3267: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3236: 3221: 3220:Oil City News 3217: 3210: 3195: 3191: 3184: 3176: 3172: 3171: 3166: 3159: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3136: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3116: 3109: 3094: 3093: 3088: 3081: 3066: 3062: 3056: 3041: 3040: 3035: 3028: 3013: 3012: 3007: 3000: 2985: 2981: 2974: 2958: 2954: 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