Modern history of Ukraine

1024: 3285: 2992: 3301: 653: 2869: 3320: 2381: 2891: 2116: 3754: 3699: 2135: 1321: 3266: 2849:, Yushchenko and Tymoshenko — allies during the Orange Revolution — had become bitter enemies. Tymoshenko ran for president against both Yushchenko and Viktor Yanukovych, creating a three-way race. Yushchenko, whose popularity had plummeted, refused to close ranks and support Tymoshenko, thus dividing the anti-Yanukovych vote. Many pro-Orange voters stayed home. Yanukovych received 48% of the vote and Yushchenko less than 6%, an amount which, if thrown to Tymoshenko, who received 45%, would have prevented Yanukovych from gaining the presidency; since no candidate obtained an absolute majority in the first round of voting the two highest polling candidates contested in a run-off second ballot which Yanukovych won. 3711: 3251: 2680: 2614: 1871: 3892:. Quote: "The Great Famine (Holodomor) of 1932–33 – a man-made demographic catastrophe unprecedented in peacetime. Of the estimated six to eight million people who died in the Soviet Union, about four to five million were Ukrainians... Its deliberate nature is underscored by the fact that no physical basis for famine existed in Ukraine... Soviet authorities set requisition quotas for Ukraine at an impossibly high level. Brigades of special agents were dispatched to Ukraine to assist in procurement, and homes were routinely searched and foodstuffs confiscated... The rural population was left with insufficient food to feed itself." 2894: 2898: 2896: 2892: 2897: 2559: 2895: 2637: 3726: 3109: 3518: 2591: 2529: 3007: 1481: 2858: 2159: 887: 103: 2668: 3740: 2179: 1023: 2194: 3775:. Subsequently, quarantine was imposed, borders were closed, and a state of emergency was declared. The epidemic covered all regions of Ukraine. Every day, the Ministry of Health publishes new information about the spread of the pandemic. Due to quarantine restrictions in the country, the economic crisis intensified, the number of officially unemployed increased by 67%. On March 20, the first patient was cured, at that time the patients were already in several areas. 2748: 2222: 2544: 1850: 35: 611: 1255: 1830:. Some Ukrainian activists of the national movement hoped for momentum to establish an independent state of Ukraine. German policies initially gave some encouragement to such hopes through the vague promises of sovereign 'Greater Ukraine' as the Germans were trying to take advantage of anti-Soviet, anti-Ukrainian, anti-Polish, and anti-Jewish sentiments. A local Ukrainian auxiliary police was formed as well as Ukrainian SS division, 2574: 1554: 2409: 1745: 1419: 1332: 1442:(a five-year plan). Industrialization brought about a dramatic economic and social transformation in traditionally agricultural Ukraine. In the first piatiletkas the industrial output of Ukraine quadrupled as the republic underwent a record industrial development. The massive influx of the rural population to the industrial centers increased the urban population from 19% to 34%. 4765: 2893: 3127:

and local militants to leave the country, after which the liberation of the state began, which was thwarted by the already open Russian armed aggression. With the help of Western countries, Ukraine managed to freeze the war on the line of demarcation, and Russia to consolidate the permanent state of uncertainty in the Donbass in the Minsk agreements.

3284: 4737: 2811: 4789: 3197:. In February 2014, due to the depletion of gold and foreign exchange reserves, the national currency began to fall rapidly, further war and falling world prices for metals and food lowered its exchange rate to ₴25 per dollar in 2015. The country's GDP in 2014 fell by 10.1%, in 2015 - by 9.8%; inflation in 2014 was 24.9%. 1382:

The rapidly developed Ukrainian language-based education system dramatically raised the literacy of the Ukrainophone rural population. Simultaneously, the newly literate ethnic Ukrainians migrated to the cities, which became rapidly largely Ukrainianised—in both population and in education. Similarly

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With the help of the IMF and tough monetary and fiscal policy, it was possible to stabilize the country's financial situation and fill the empty state treasury. In economic reforms, Poroshenko relied on foreign specialists who were involved in the government. Among them was former Georgian President

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won. His task was leading the country as it was in the worst condition compared to the state of the country for his predecessors — the parliamentary opposition, the economic crisis, the war. On June 20, a unilateral one-week truce was declared with a simultaneous ultimatum to pro-Russian mercenaries

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and a renewed effort in the parliament to limit freedom of assembly. When young, Yanukovych was sentenced to three years because of theft, looting, and vandalism and later had his sentenced doubled. One frequently-cited example of Yanukovych's alleged attempts to centralize power was the August 2011

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took place, involving Russian state-owned gas supplier Gazprom, and indirectly involving many European countries which depend on natural gas supplied by Russia through the Ukrainian pipeline. A compromise was reached in January 2006, and in early 2010 a further agreement was signed locking the price

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The times of industrialization and collectivization also brought about a wide campaign against "nationalist deviation" which in Ukraine translated into an assault on the national political and cultural elite. The first wave of purges between 1929 and 1934 targeted the revolutionary generation of the

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itself was occupied by many different armies. The city was captured by the Bolsheviks on 9 February 1918, by the Germans on 2 March 1918, by the Bolsheviks a second time on 5 February 1919, by the White Army on 31 August 1919, by Bolsheviks for a third time on 15 December 1919, by the Polish Army on

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Many civilians fell victim to atrocities, forced labor, and even massacres of whole villages in reprisal for attacks against Nazi forces. Of the estimated eleven million Soviet troops who fell in battle against the Nazis, about 16% (1.7 million) were ethnic Ukrainians. Moreover, Ukraine saw some of

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At the same time, the usage of Ukrainian was continuously encouraged in the workplace and in government affairs as the recruitment of indigenous cadre was implemented as part of the korenisation policies. While initially, the party and government apparatus was mostly Russian-speaking, by the end of

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as a justification for his attack. He had amassed a large force of troops along Ukraine's border previous to a ground invasion. This was condemned by many countries globally, and Russia was heavily sanctioned as a result of this. This also caused Europe's largest refugee crisis since WWII. The war

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of agriculture, which profoundly affected Ukraine, often referred to as the "breadbasket of the USSR". In the late 1920s and early 1930s, the state combined the peasants' lands and animals into collective farms. Starting in 1929, a policy of enforcement was applied, using regular troops and secret

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Now is a fascist state, oppressing the Ukrainians, Belorussians, and so forth. The annihilation of that state under current conditions would mean one fewer bourgeois fascist state to contend with! What would be the harm if as a result of the rout off Poland we were to extend the socialist system

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notes that the comments marked a change from the previous "popular front" policy of Communist Party cooperation with other parties. He adds, "Stalin's immediate purpose was to present an ideological rationale for the Red Army's forthcoming invasion of Poland" and his main message was the need to

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secret police. As elsewhere, the precise number of deaths by starvation in Ukraine may never be precisely known. That said, the most recent demographic studies suggest that over 4 million Ukrainians perished in the first six months of 1933 alone, a figure that increases if population losses from

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The Nazi administrators of conquered Soviet territories made little attempt to exploit the population's possible dissatisfaction with Soviet political and economic policies. Instead, the Nazis preserved the collective-farm system, systematically carried out genocidal policies against Jews, and

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Following the violence, the parliament turned against Yanukovych and on February 22, 2014, voted to remove him from power, and to free Yulia Tymoshenko from prison. The same day Yanukovych supporter Volodymyr Rybak resigned as speaker of the parliament, and was replaced by Tymoshenko loyalist

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soldiers were officially granted the status of veterans. This meant that for the first time they could receive veteran benefits, including free public transport, subsidized medical services, annual monetary aid, and public utilities discounts (and will enjoy the same social benefits as former

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Forced collectivization had a devastating effect on agricultural productivity. Despite this, in 1932 the Soviet government increased Ukraine's production quotas by 44%, ensuring that they could not be met. Soviet law required that the members of a collective farm would receive no grain until

6488: 3531:, actor, and showman Volodymyr Zelenskyy won, who managed to consolidate the protest mood of various political spectrums around his own charismatic personality and get 73.23% of the vote. An inauguration ceremony took place on May 20, after which Zelenskyy announced the dissolution of the 1845:

that fought both Soviet and Nazi forces. In some western regions of Ukraine, the Ukrainian Insurgent Army survived underground and continued the resistance against the Soviet authorities well into the 1950s, though many Ukrainian civilians were murdered in this conflict by both sides.

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of the Wołyń Voivodeship 1928–1938, tried to defuse the conflict, advocating a self-governance autonomy for Ukrainians in Volhynia; however, he faced growing criticism from some quarters for allegedly being too Ukrainophilic. Finally, in 1938, he was moved to the office of voivode of

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In the runoff election, Yanukovych officially won by a narrow margin, but Yushchenko and his supporters cried foul, alleging that vote rigging and intimidation cost him many votes, especially in eastern Ukraine. A political crisis erupted after the opposition started massive street

4590: 3406:. As of February 2019, Ukraine has minimized its participation in the Commonwealth of Independent States to a critical minimum and has effectively completed its withdrawal. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine did not ratify the accession, and Ukraine became a member of the CIS. 1979:(Kostopol) where they were murdered by the 1st company of the Police Battalion "Ostland" in a quarry near woods outside the town. The Równe ghetto was subsequently liquidated. As reported on July 14, 1942: The battalion or elements of it provided security along with the 2926:

arrest of Yulia Tymoshenko. Other high-profile political opponents also came under criminal investigation since. On October 11, 2011, a Ukrainian court sentenced Tymoshenko to seven years in prison after she was found guilty of abuse of office when brokering the

3421:. According to the decision of the Stockholm Arbitration, Naftogaz has achieved compensation in the amount of 4.63 billion dollars for Gazprom's failure to supply the agreed volumes of gas for transit. According to the results of two arbitration proceedings in 2991: 1516:

The Soviet Union suppressed information about this genocide, and as late as the 1980s admitted only that there was some hardship because of kulak sabotage and bad weather. Non-Soviets maintain that the famine was an avoidable, deliberate act of genocide.

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took place in Ukraine, the main purpose of the action was to prevent the signing of a new union treaty of the USSR. The demands of the students were satisfied by signing a resolution of the Verkhovna Rada, which guaranteed their implementation.

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was a common occurrence among the Slavic population, but the mass exodus of Ukrainian intellectuals escaping from Russian repression in Eastern Ukraine, as well as the intervention of Austrian authorities, caused the movement to be replaced by

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program was implemented throughout the republic. Alongside this a number of national territorial units were set aside for non-Ukrainian ethnic groups. As well as an autonomous republic in the west for Ukraine's Moldovan people several

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into Polish culture. Instead of calming down the situation, the persecutions inflamed it even more, increasing the mood of resistance and confrontation even among Ukrainians who had previously been the most loyal to the Polish state.

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that Ukraine would become a member of the Alliance with the Membership Action Plan (MAP) as an integral part of the process and Ukraine's right to determine its own future and foreign policy, of course without outside interference.

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deported many Ukrainians to forced labour in Germany. In their active resistance to Nazi Germany, the Ukrainians comprised a significant share of the Red Army and its leadership as well as the underground and resistance movements.

3645:, NewsOne, and ZIK. The decision of the National Security and Defense Council and the Presidential Decree of February 19, 2021 imposed sanctions on 8 individuals and 19 legal entities, including Putin's pro-Russian politician and 2810: 2329:

were turned into a highly industrialised area with rapidly increasing impact on its environment and public health. A pursuit to energy production sufficient for growing industry led to the gigantic nature-remastering: turning the

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led to an exodus of a number some Ukrainian intellectuals into Western Ukraine, while others embraced a Pan-Slavic or Russian identity, with many Russian authors or composers of the 19th century being of Ukrainian origin (notably

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were marked by scandals in their work. Judicial reform was combined with the appointment of old, compromised judges. The investigation of crimes against Maidan residents was delayed. In order to counteract the massive global

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approximately four-fifths of the Ukrainian cultural elite, intellectuals, writers, artists, and clergy, had been "eliminated", executed or imprisoned, in the following decade. Mass arrests of the hierarchy and clergy of the

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and the initially strong opposition it took towards the regime change. Therefore, the government tolerated the new Ukrainian national church for some time and the UAOC gained a wide following among the Ukrainian peasantry.

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On June 1, 1996, Ukraine became a non-nuclear nation, sending the last of the 1,900 strategic nuclear warheads it had inherited from the Soviet Union to Russia for dismantling. Ukraine had committed to this by signing the

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However, industrialization had a heavy cost for the peasantry, demographically a backbone of the Ukrainian nation. To satisfy the state's need for increased food supplies and finance industrialization, Stalin instituted a

7198: 2115: 3509:. It was one of the most effective five years of Ukrainian state-building, but also one of the most controversial, when the president had to overcome the urgent challenges of the present, unable to break with the past. 3029:

and the setting up of a new government to replace it within a few days. Yanukovych fled to Russia and is wanted in Ukraine for the killing of protesters. Russia in particular holds that the transition was a "coup".

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During the Yushchenko term, relations between Russia and Ukraine often appeared strained as Yushchenko looked towards improved relations with the European Union and less toward Russia. In 2005, a highly publicized

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On April 2, 2007, President Yushchenko dissolved the Verkhovna Rada because members of his party were defecting to the opposition. His opponents called the move unconstitutional. When they took the matter to the

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On May 19, 2018, Poroshenko signed a Decree, which put into effect the decision of the National Security and Defense Council on the final termination of Ukraine's participation in the statutory bodies of the

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1931, 1932, and 1934 are also included, along with those from adjacent territories inhabited primarily by Ukrainians (but politically part of the Russian Federated Soviet Socialist Republic), such as the

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The Ukrainian national idea lived on during the inter-war years and was even spread to a large territory with the traditionally mixed population in the east and south that became part of the Ukrainian

1349: 2825:, managed to secure the position of chairman of parliament, which is believed by many to have been the reason for his leaving the Orange Coalition, where he had not been considered for this position. 1465:

Many resisted, and a desperate struggle by the peasantry against the authorities ensued. Some slaughtered their livestock rather than turn it over to the collectives. Wealthier peasants were labeled "

4421: 2470:, which had a 75% ethnic Russian population. The Soviet Union formally ceased to exist on December 26, when the presidents of Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia (the founding members of the USSR) met in 6206: 4629: 3345:, combined with the need to overcome extremely difficult tasks within the country. The old local authorities also did not want any changes: the authorities were cleansed of anti-Maidan activists ( 6846: 4657: 2240:

in some cases and to a certain extent, remaining a part of the Soviet Union at the same time. In particular, these amendments allowed the Ukrainian SSR to become one of founding members of the

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Over the next decades, the Ukrainian republic not only surpassed pre-war levels of industry and production but also was the spearhead of Soviet power. Ukraine became the centre of Soviet

6614: 7644: 6907: 6876: 5050: 7075:"NATO - News: Brussels Summit Communiqué issued by the Heads of State and Government participating in the meeting of the North Atlantic Council in Brussels 14 June 2021, 14-Jun.-2021" 4981: 2026: 5910: 5510: 4178: 3394:, and propaganda media, did not show effective work. In 2017, the president signed the law "On Education", which met with opposition from national minorities and quarreled with the 7168: 2353:. A state-regulated system of production and consumption lead to gradual decrease of quality of life and growing "shadowisation" of retail infrastructure as well as of corruption. 7190: 6643: 6760: 6453: 3677: 1991:

using the wagons (1st company). July 15, 1942 another thousand Jews were executed in the same place. As reported on June 27, 1942, ca 8,000 Jews were executed near the town of

2797: 5119: 5780: 3698: 3265: 2102:). (There had been several previous attempts to provide former Ukrainian nationalist fighters with official veteran status, especially during the 2005-2009 administration 2868: 671:

which began in the late 18th and early 19th century. The first wave of national revival is traditionally connected with the publication of the first part of "Eneyida" by

7247: 1458: 1451: 5940: 3547:, the party's chairman, was elected speaker of parliament. The majority was able to form a government on August 29 on its own, without forming coalitions, and approve 3410: 2380: 1344: 997: 992:

population out and resettling the Crimean Greeks, Catherine the Great renamed all populated places and invited other European settlers to these newly conquered lands:

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by the Polish government, which often affected random representatives of the Ukrainian minority. The tensions were further exacerbated by the arrival of thousands of

949:. By the end of the 18th century, most of Ukraine was completely annexed by Russia. At the same time the Russian Empire gradually gained control over the area of the 1477:

government quotas were satisfied. The authorities in many instances exacted such high levels of procurement from collective farms that starvation became widespread.

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The new coalition nominated Viktor Yanukovych for the post of Prime Minister. Yanukovych once again became Prime Minister, while the leader of the Socialist Party,

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and other neighbouring countries. At the end of 2020 the death toll of the conflict had risen to more than 13,000 people and nearly 1.5 million people displaced.

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in a few years, but, due to opposition from the old school command, only brought them closer to NATO standards. Similarly, the reform of another power wing, the

2500:. This was a time of transition for Ukraine. While it had attained nominal independence from Russia, its presidents maintained close ties with their neighbours. 2454:, when the communist Supreme Soviet (parliament) of Ukraine proclaimed that Ukraine would no longer follow the laws of the USSR, and only follow the laws of the 1831: 4610: 1529:

eliminated much of the new political generation that replaced those that perished in the first wave and halved the membership of the Ukrainian communist party.

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was created. The Ukrainian majority of these lands was treated as second-class citizens by the Polish authorities. The conflict escalated in the 1930s, with

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Total civilian losses during the war and German occupation in Ukraine are estimated at seven million, including over a million Jews shot and killed by the

1834:. However, after the initial period of limited tolerance, the Germans soon abruptly changed policies and brutally crushed the Ukrainian national movement. 1651: 3349:), but in part. The fight against corruption was launched, limited to sentences of petty officials and electronic declarations, and the newly established 6337: 6203: 4626: 4170: 3753: 2158: 734: 2021:(Owrucz) with over 50 villages burnt down and over 1,500 people executed. In a village 40 people were burnt alive for revenge for the killing of the SS- 1039:

stirring other European peoples existing under other imperial governments. Russia, fearing separatism, imposed strict limits on attempts to elevate the

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was created which declared that Galician Ruthenians were part of the bigger Ukrainian nation. The council adopted the yellow and blue flag, the current

7528: 2715:, the incumbent Prime Minister, supported by both Kuchma and by the Russian Federation, wanted closer ties with Russia. The main opposition candidate, 2056: 1822:

in 1941, many Ukrainians and Polish people, particularly in the west where they had experienced two years of harsh Soviet rule, initially regarded the

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the 1920s the ethnic Ukrainians composed over one half of the membership in the Ukrainian communist party, the number strengthened by the accession of

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as prime minister. On March 4, 2020, due to a 1.5% drop in GDP (instead of a 4.5% increase at the time of the election), the Verkhovna Rada fired

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in March 1921. The Peace of Riga divided the disputed territories between Poland and Soviet Russia. Specifically, the part of Ukraine west of the

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Ukraine adopted a new constitution in 1996. Until that time, the Soviet-era constitution had remained in force, albeit with numerous adjustments.

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Significant achievements in the foreign policy arena: support for anti-Russian sanctions, obtaining a visa-free regime with the countries of the

1324: 6067: 7575: 6606: 6446:"Президент підписав Указ про остаточне припинення участі України у статутних органах СНД — Офіційне інтернет-представництво Президента України" 5218: 4786: 3042: 2278:

Such an important role resulted in a major influence of the local elite. Many members of the Soviet leadership came from Ukraine, most notably

512: 7138: 6899: 6868: 5320: 5155: 5047: 4034: 3250: 2364:, which occurred on April 26, 1986, when a nuclear plant exploded. The fallout contaminated large areas of northern Ukraine and even parts of 1619:

were quickly dashed. Most Poles considered the borderlands to be indigenously Polish, and Ukrainians could be at best tolerated guests there.

6137: 3325: 3038: 2558: 2014: 1930: 1795:. The Ukrainian SSR incorporated northern and southern districts of Bessarabia, the northern Bukovina, and additionally the Soviet-occupied 1128:

ones, people of Ukraine were caught in the middle. Between 1917 and 1919, several separate Ukrainian republics manifested independence, the

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for up to 90 days during any 180-day period on 11 June 2017 and the Association Agreement formally came into effect on 1 September 2017.

2439: 2125: 4319: 6635: 4281: 4243: 3982: 3956: 3605: 3585: 3350: 2505: 1276: 6752: 6607:"The law amending the Constitution on the course of accession to the EU and NATO has entered into force | European integration portal" 6445: 6183: 6394: 6301: 5719: 3581: 2922: 1975:

On July 13–14, 1942, the remaining population of the Równe ghetto – about 5,000 Jews – was sent by train some 70 kilometres north to

557: 439: 2256:, which, the USSR opined, was unbalanced in favor of the Western Bloc. In its capacity as a member of the UN, the Ukrainian SSR was 7344: 5279: 5116: 3363: 2086: 6002: 5772: 5574: 8105: 7693: 7024: 6966: 5352: 3540: 3166: 3081: 3025:

protest movement against the government. The conflict escalated rapidly, leading to the overthrow of the government of President

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that was also largely "rotated" by Stalin's purges. As the policies of Ukrainisation were halted (1931) and replaced by massive

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on 11 May 2014; the collaborators claimed nearly 90% voted in favour of independence. Later in April 2014 fighting between the

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among the population of Ukraine. This 1921 recruitment poster uses Ukrainian orthography to convey its message, "Son, join the

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committed several massacres on the Polish civilian population in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia having every signs of genocide (

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even enjoyed a revival due to Bolshevik concessions in the early Soviet years (until the early-1930s) known as the policy of

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to formally dissolve the Union in accordance with the Soviet Constitution. With this, Ukraine's independence was formalized

7793: 6255: 6114: 6091: 4773: 4090: 3783: 3601: 3528: 3119: 2873: 2846: 2708: 2684: 2641: 2618: 2595: 1591:. The Ukrainians claimed these lands because they made up the majority of the population there (except for cities, such as 1097: 582: 394: 5901:"Ott Ummelas and Aaron Eglitis, "Putin on Ukraine Okay With China-Syria-Venezuela Minority" Bloomberg.com, Mar 11, 2014 4" 7724: 7513: 7491: 7221: 6995: 6929: 6789: 6702: 6276: 5127: 5096: 2927: 2455: 2385: 1376: 1234: 1145: 1141: 1016:, and others. Some Estonian Swedes were deported to southern Ukraine. Since then there exists the old Swedish village of 869: 722: 715: 429: 409: 5197: 8249: 8239: 7656: 7603: 7570: 7565: 7432: 4866: 4836: 4749: 3861: 3631: 3609: 3403: 3049: 1906: 1616: 1600: 938: 915: 656:

Ukraine's borders were declared by the Ukrainian People's Republic delegation at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919-20.

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and slaughtered by the 1st company of the Police Battalion "Ostland" between November 6, and 8, 1941 (1st company). A

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Massimo Arico, Ordnungspolizei – Encyclopedia of the German police battalions September 1939 – July 1942, p. 249-258.

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Massimo Arico, Ordnungspolizei – Encyclopedia of the German police battalions September 1939 – July 1942, p. 144-145.

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a Soviet leader from 1964 to 1982, as well as many prominent Soviet sportsmen, scientists, and artists. In 1954, the

1736:. Stalin perhaps saw a way to give both Ukrainians and Poles something they wanted, while binding them to the USSR." 1570: 1302: 970: 966: 962: 958: 877: 479: 234: 66: 6810: 1284: 8289: 8284: 8279: 8274: 7649: 5963: 5448: 4824: 3201: 2756: 2432: 2067: 1379:

including 8 Russian, 7 German, 4 Greek, 4 Bulgarian, 3 Jewish, and 1 Polish national raion existed in this period.

831: 632: 597: 592: 354: 7269: 3692:, and committing to the prospect of joining the European Union. In February 2022, Ukraine applied to join the EU. 2462:

declaring Ukraine's independence from the Soviet Union. On December 1, Ukrainian voters overwhelmingly approved a

2178: 1671:, which had essentially no Ukrainian population. The new Polish local authorities, shortly before the outbreak of 7956: 7422: 5833: 5773:"Ukraine revolution: live – Ukraine's president has disappeared as world awakes to the aftermath of a revolution" 5757: 3498: 3494: 3490:) also did not contribute to the high rating of the president. Even the historic acquisition of autocephaly from 3154: 2830: 2396: 2369: 2261: 2253: 2193: 2090: 1841:

immediately spread over the occupied territory. Some elements of the Ukrainian nationalist underground formed a

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suggests that, "Stalin may have reasoned that returning Galicia and Volhynia to Soviet Ukraine would help co-opt

843: 791: 494: 224: 72: 8016: 8006: 7481: 4809: 4757: 4483: 4275: 4237: 3593: 3589: 3073: 2958: 2759: 2428: 2184: 1956:. In October 1941 the battalion was sent to Lviv (Lwów). At the time, roughly half of Równe's inhabitants were 1280: 1133: 773: 572: 404: 119: 3725: 7854: 7683: 7476: 3641:

On February 2, 2021, a presidential decree banned the television broadcasting of the pro-Russian TV channels

3241: 3169:(5, 5%). For the first time, the later banned communists did not get there. In 2015, the president signed a " 3162: 3085: 2995: 1968:

was established for the remaining ca 5,000 Jews. As reported on May 11, 1942, ca 1,000 Jews were executed in

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In 2004, Leonid Kuchma announced that he would not run for re-election. Two major candidates emerged in the

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expansive was an increase in Ukrainian language publishing and overall eruption of Ukrainian cultural life.

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package of laws" and began dismantling the totalitarian legacy. Poroshenko managed to radically reform the

3069: 3065: 2466:. Over 90% of Ukrainian citizens voted for independence, with majorities in every region, including 56% in 2435:. Citizens came out to the streets and highways, forming live chains by holding hands in support of unity. 1631: 1493: 1406:(UAOC). The Bolshevik government initially saw the national church as a tool in their goal to suppress the 742: 529: 304: 6473: 3562:

On September 7, 2019, 22 Ukrainian sailors, 2 SBU officers, and 11 Ukrainian Kremlin political prisoners,

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In November 1942 the Police Battalion Ostland together with an artillery regiment, and three other German

1615:, sought a settlement with Poles within the existing geopolitical order, their hopes for gaining at least 7878: 7661: 7585: 6560: 5156:

Yulia Kovalevska:Only some bankrupt politicians try to use the Day of Unification with the aim of self-PR

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In the Forge of Stalin: Swedish Colonists of Ukraine in Totalitarian Experiments of the Twentieth Century

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against forces supporting the Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic escalated into the

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in Ukrainian, claimed up to 10 million Ukrainian lives as peasants' food stocks were forcibly removed by

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On January 21, 1990, over 300,000 Ukrainians organised a human chain for Ukrainian independence between

1410:

always viewed with the great suspicion by the regime for its being the cornerstone of pre-revolutionary

8269: 8100: 7933: 7839: 7798: 7688: 7503: 7074: 6416: 5058: 3597: 3502: 3329: 3186: 3170: 2999: 2910: 2838: 2791: 2785: 1945: 1910: 1808: 1792: 1093: 1013: 849: 668: 469: 389: 4723:

https://web.archive.org/web/20210817153059/https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/cgi-bin/laws/main.cgi?nreg=402-12

4588:'The Great Experiment: The Story of Ancient Empires, Modern States, and the Quest for a Global Nation' 7666: 7639: 6057: 5226: 3739: 3543:

to win an absolute majority of seats for the first time in the history of independent Ukraine (248).

3483: 3190: 2679: 2613: 1692: 1688: 993: 688: 5933:"SOMINI SENGUPTAMARCH, "Russia Vetoes U.N. Resolution on Crimea" The New York Times, March 15, 2014" 1603:. The war was won by the Poles, and their rule over these disputed lands was cemented after another 454: 7930: 7471: 7427: 7130: 6134: 5310: 4801: 4061: 3467:

was amended, the norms on the strategic course of Ukraine for membership in the European Union and

3433: 2930:. The conviction was seen as "justice being applied selectively under political motivation" by the 2728: 2082: 2071: 2052: 1980: 1889: 1842: 1772: 1576: 1265: 1111: 1107: 1061: 1048: 881: 769: 699: 249: 4882: 2543: 1668: 1558: 8254: 8140: 7983: 7951: 7920: 7759: 7729: 7613: 7330: 3333: 3307: 3174: 2512: 1827: 1764: 1407: 1269: 1209: 895: 784: 274: 4523:

Rolf Michaelis, Eestlased Waffen-SS-is 20. SS relvagrenaderidiviis. Tallinn: Olion, 2001. p. 32.

4349: 2070:) was cleared of Germany troops; this is annually celebrated in Ukraine (on 28 October) as the " 749:

killed an estimated 6 to 8 million people in the Soviet Union, the majority of them in Ukraine.

8175: 8011: 7961: 2564: 1230: 424: 7100: 4716: 4692: 4682: 4303: 8115: 7978: 7895: 7749: 7553: 6477:Україні не потрібно виходити із СНД – вона ніколи не була і не є зараз членом цієї структури" 5219:"U.S. Government Statement of Concern about Arrest of Former Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko" 4265: 4227: 4211:

Potocki, Robert (2003). "Rozdział 3: Od konsolidacji państwowej do homogenizacji etnicznej".

3661: 3429: 3395: 3346: 2982: 2803: 2774: 2443: 2341:

industry in Ukraine were largely directed for military consumption, similarly to much of the

2322: 1884: 1756: 1733: 1696: 1218: 1214: 1156: 1076: 1036: 676: 112: 6636:"Володимир Зеленський заявив про розпуск Верховної Ради та закликав Кабмін піти у відставку" 4175:"I. Katchanovski, Terrorists or National Heroes? Politics of the OUN and the UPA in Ukraine" 3471:

are enshrined in the preamble of the Basic Law, three articles and transitional provisions.

2636: 8110: 8063: 7973: 7890: 7864: 7776: 7769: 7739: 7627: 7461: 7444: 7412: 6180: 5753: 4476:

Die deutsche Ordnungspolizei und der Holocaust im Baltikum und in Weissrussland, 1941–1944.

3685: 3657: 3552: 3437: 3093: 2946: 2672: 2605: 2271:

and high-tech research. The republic was also turned into a Soviet military outpost in the

2141: 2010: 1988: 1819: 1635: 1588: 1200: 1196: 946: 853: 753: 299: 289: 219: 6386: 5723: 4969:

Appleseed Democracy Documentary interview with Ukrainian MP Andriy Schevchenko 6 July 2010

4934: 3630:. The aim was to create further cooperation between the three historical countries of the 925:

instigated hysteria in the local Eastern Orthodox population by promising protection from

8: 8180: 7988: 7915: 7910: 7712: 7698: 7560: 4471: 3830: 3717: 3689: 3521: 3213: 3200:

On 1 January 2016, Ukraine joined the DCFTA with the EU. Ukrainian citizens were granted

3182: 3150: 3034: 3010: 2986: 2966: 2326: 2275:, a territory crowded by military bases packed with the most up-to-date weapons systems. 2103: 1680: 1469:", enemies of the state. Tens of thousands were executed and about 100,000 families were 922: 504: 364: 267: 169: 164: 6666:"Кабінет Міністрів України — Новим Прем'єр-міністром України став Олексій Гончарук" 5999: 5564: 3108: 2022: 1627: 1391:, a formerly indigenously Ukrainian "independentist" and non-Bolshevik communist party. 48:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

8204: 8163: 8095: 7998: 7943: 7859: 7834: 7812: 7608: 7533: 7362: 6900:"Iran plane crash: All 176 passengers killed as Ukraine Boeing 737 crashes near Tehran" 6872: 6815: 6583: 5289: 4342: 3908:

The Origins of the Slavic Nations: Premodern Identities in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus

3571: 3517: 2522:

of 2000 was one of the turning points in the post-independence history of the country.

2361: 1887:(the city itself fell to the Germans on 19 September 1941 and was later acclaimed as a 1768: 1117: 1040: 934: 811: 807: 474: 324: 159: 91: 7016: 6958: 5342: 4721:від 17.10.1990 №402-XII |access-date=2021-08-10 |archive-date=2021-08-17 |archive-url= 2590: 2573: 1659: 1595:, where Poles and Jews numerically dominated), while the Poles saw these provinces as 1575:

Following the end of World War I, the eastern part of the former Austrian province of

1532:

The purged Ukrainian political leadership was largely replaced by the cadre sent from

8038: 8033: 8021: 7905: 7844: 7824: 7543: 7454: 7045: 5375: 5195:

Our Ukraine comes to defense of Tymoshenko, Lutsenko, Didenko, Makarenko in statement

4989: 4862: 4840: 4805: 4777: 4753: 4696: 4504: 4479: 4398: 4353: 4344:

Searching for place: Ukrainian displaced persons, Canada, and the migration of memory

4309: 4271: 4233: 4110: 4067: 4040: 4013: 3962: 3938: 3932: 3912: 3745: 3650: 3548: 3088:. By December 2014 more than 6,400 people had died in this conflict and according to 3026: 3006: 2878: 2861: 2857: 2736: 2732: 2724: 2716: 2712: 2702: 2694: 2689: 2471: 2392: 2310: 2279: 2237: 2216: 1893:) where more than 660,000 Soviet troops were taken captive, to the fierce defense of 1729: 1608: 1480: 1399: 1363: 1001: 942: 903: 823: 680: 672: 489: 349: 314: 309: 204: 139: 7101:"Україна, Грузія та Молдова створили новий формат співпраці для спільного руху в ЄС" 6501: 6135:

Half a million displaced in eastern Ukraine as winter looms, warns UN refugee agency

4395:

Der Einsatz der Ordnungspolizei 1939–1945. Polizei-Bataillone, SS-Polizei-Regimenter

8213: 8185: 8130: 8125: 8120: 7939: 7449: 7437: 6723: 5661: 5629: 5597: 5532: 5470: 5407: 5247: 5205: 5182: 5159: 5070: 5024: 5001: 3853: 3669: 3575: 3257: 3229: 3135: 3123: 3112: 2883: 2822: 2814: 2779: 2519: 2357: 1838: 1837:

Some Ukrainians, however, utterly resisted the Nazi onslaught from its start and a

1776: 1724: 1336: 1164: 906:, the future Ukrainian territory again ended up divided between three empires: the 886: 765: 711: 484: 293: 283: 182: 149: 129: 6326:Національний банк України: офіційний курс валют, період з 01.01.2014 по 13.06.2016 1071:

most of the elite that ruled Galicia were of Austrian or Polish descent, with the

8090: 8028: 7734: 7486: 7225: 6530: 6483: 6259: 6252: 6210: 6187: 6164: 6157: 6141: 6118: 6111: 6095: 6088: 6038: 6028: 6006: 5201: 5178: 5171: 5123: 5100: 5077: 5054: 5031: 5008: 4985: 4828: 4793: 4769: 4741: 4661: 4633: 4617: 4611:

Poroshenko honors deceased on 73rd anniversary of Ukraine's liberation from Nazis

4594: 4549: 4446: 4117: 4094: 3885: 3865: 3731: 3619: 3544: 3158: 3061: 2954: 2651: 2628: 2600: 2549: 2493: 2413: 2314: 2283: 2106: 2094: 2030: 1999: 1918: 1699:, units of the Red Army entered regional capital, Lviv, and following the staged 1172: 1151:

As the area of Ukraine fell into warfare and anarchy, it was also fought over by

1137: 1125: 1121: 1068: 981: 902:

Following the 17th century failed attempt to regain statehood in the form of the

865: 819: 815: 692: 552: 414: 319: 254: 124: 102: 6387:"European Commission - EU-Ukraine Association Agreement fully enters into force" 6246: 6204:

Kyiv, Moscow to hold talks on troop withdrawal, prisoner swap in eastern Ukraine

4200:

Sketches from a Secret War: A Polish Artist's Mission to Liberate Soviet Ukraine

4087: 2949:(Independence Square), and in December 2013 and January 2014 protesters started 2833:, Yushchenko dismissed 3 of the court's 18 judges, accusing them of corruption. 2719:, called for Ukraine to turn its attention westward and eventually join the EU. 2667: 1565:

by the war's end, with eastern Galicia (shown in blue) under the Polish control.

802:

in 2004, Ukraine became an area of overlapping spheres of influence between the

8218: 8153: 8043: 7781: 7744: 7496: 7466: 7407: 7299:"В Україні вже вакцинували від коронавірусу першу людину: хто отримав щеплення" 6228: 6145: 5905: 5143: 5093: 4797: 4678: 4598: 4496: 3813: 3646: 3567: 3532: 3475: 3441: 3417:

claims for compensation for gas supplies for transit that were not supplied by

3342: 3291: 3221: 3089: 3077: 2931: 2767: 2492:

The history of Ukraine between 1991 and 2004 was marked by the presidencies of

2346: 2241: 2145: 2042: 1863: 1800: 1714:

told an aide his long-term goal was the spread of Communism in Eastern Europe:

1604: 1584: 1411: 1204: 1192:

6 May 1920, and finally by the Bolsheviks for the fourth time on 12 June 1920.

1129: 1017: 1005: 954: 945:, Russian military invasion of Poland and its internal affairs, and successful 911: 907: 803: 781: 777: 615: 419: 334: 214: 7218: 6987: 6781: 6694: 4859:

Tactical Nuclear Weapons: Emergent Threats in an Evolving Security Environment

4215:(in Polish). Instytut Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej w Lublinie. pp. 199–227. 4009:

The Lost Swedish Tribe: Reapproaching the History of Gammalsvenskby in Ukraine

3193:

was combined with the development of a personal "business empire" by Minister

8233: 7580: 5194: 4941: 4563:

Resisting Occupation: Lessons from a Natural Experiment in Carpathian Ukraine

4305:

The Reconstruction of Nations: Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, 1569–1999

3759: 3556: 3487: 3391: 3379: 3367: 3272: 3225: 3205: 3057: 2969:, who was subsequently installed as interim president. Yanukovych fled Kyiv. 2914: 2773:

took place and three months later the official government was formed by the "

2646: 2623: 2579: 2497: 2388: 2372:

that helped expedite the break-up of the Soviet Union during the late 1980s.

2331: 2268: 2249: 2233: 1926: 1898: 1804: 1796: 1752: 1711: 1537: 1522: 1435: 1371: 1222: 1184: 1081: 1057: 1009: 985: 930: 891: 857: 707: 517: 339: 329: 199: 5280:"Criminal case against Kuchma already investigated, says prosecutor general" 4213:

Polityka państwa polskiego wobec zagadnienia ukraińskiego w latach 1930–1939

3858: 2842:

of Russian gas at $ 100 per 1,000 cubic meters in an exclusive arrangement.

5804:"Ousted Ukrainian Leader, Reappearing in Russia, Says, 'Nobody Deposed Me'" 4576:

Interventions: Challenging the Myths of Twentieth-Century Ukrainian history

3778:

On February 23, 2021, two coronavirus vaccines were registered in Ukraine:

3563: 3453: 3387: 3194: 3053: 2537:. As printed on the ballot for the national referendum on December 1, 1991. 2350: 2169: 2165: 2099: 1941: 1922: 1812: 1704: 1701:

Elections to the People's Assemblies of Western Ukraine and Western Belarus

1672: 1562: 1533: 1395: 1367: 1168: 738: 434: 239: 4451:

Nicht ermittelt. Polizeibataillone und die Nachkriegsjustiz. Ein Handbuch.

3244:

reminded many of the struggle for redistribution of property in the 1990s.

2025:

Türnpu(u). In February 1943 the battalion was sent to Reval, Estland with

1116:

When World War I and a series of revolutions across Europe, including the

7392: 6214: 5749: 5315: 4821: 3779: 3642: 3449: 2747: 2298: 1984: 1902: 1816: 1623: 1526: 1176: 1044: 977: 926: 757: 703: 344: 3771:

On March 2, 2020, the first case of COVID-19 infection was confirmed in

2221: 1948:. In July 1941 the 1st company of the Police Battalion "Ostland" was in 8158: 8148: 8083: 7548: 7397: 7382: 6898:

Oliphant, Roland; Mendick, Robert; Nicholls, Dominic (8 January 2020).

4832: 3772: 3506: 3375: 3224:, and in the process of breaking the system of large property built by 3217: 3022: 2978: 2942: 2902: 2739:

resigned from office and his cabinet was dismissed on January 5, 2005.

2306: 1944:, which later established the city as the administrative center of the 1784: 1439: 1426:

hydropower plant, a heavyweight of Soviet industrialization in Ukraine.

1423: 1388: 1340: 1072: 1052: 861: 827: 664: 499: 189: 154: 134: 7240:"МОЗ: в Україні зареєстрували вакцину Oxford/AstraZeneca (Covishield)" 7161:"8 EU countries support Ukraine's call to fast-track membership talks" 4442: 4440: 4438: 3474:

Procrastination with the sale of its own confectionery factory in the

1995:. As reported on July 28, 1942, ca 6,000 Jews were executed in Minsk. 1849: 7518: 7377: 6062: 5873: 5380: 5347: 5284: 4665: 4637: 3627: 3445: 3422: 3276: 3096:

within Ukraine and two hundred thousand refugees to flee to (mostly)

2752: 2424: 2338: 2149: 2121: 2059:). The death toll numbered up to 100 000, mostly children and women. 1949: 1901:. According to the researcher Rolf Michaelis who is referring to the 1823: 1807:. All these territorial gains were internationally recognized by the 1676: 1658:, or Polish settlers, who were granted land, especially in Volhynia. 1497: 1180: 950: 822:, which led to an ongoing series of political turmoil, including the 814:. This manifested in a political division between the "pro-European" 761: 746: 679:" (History of Ruthenians or Little Russia) was published. During the 444: 6181:

UN Says At Least 6,400 Killed In Ukraine's Conflict Since April 2014

5172:

President: Ukraine must fulfill its commitments to Council of Europe

4655:

Former WWII nationalist guerrillas granted veteran status in Ukraine

3983:"Как шведы Украины спасались от советской власти еще в 1930-х годах" 3816:

announcing a special military operation. He associated Ukraine with

2795:

parties. The latter party switched from the "Orange Coalition" with

1992: 1254: 7322: 6263: 6168: 6122: 6099: 6010: 5865:"Vladimir Radyuhin, "Putin thanks India for its stand on Ukraine," 5666: 5634: 5602: 5569: 5537: 5475: 5442: 5311:"A Stockholm Conspiracy | The Underbelly of Ukrainian Gas Dealings" 5252: 5104: 5081: 5035: 5012: 4957: 4435: 3578:

returned to Ukraine as a result of a reciprocal release operation.

3457: 3414: 2459: 2302: 2297:

However, the relatively underdeveloped industrial branches such as

2294:

was transferred from the Russian to the Ukrainian Soviet Republic.

2287: 2272: 2063: 1976: 1875: 1788: 1748: 1580: 1237:. The first capital of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was 1233:, while the eastern portion became part of the Soviet Union as the 1160: 873: 359: 244: 4174: 4155:

Pietrzak, Michał (2018). "Wprowadzenie". In Borecki, Paweł (ed.).

2731:

ordered the election results null and void. A second runoff found

1687:

Polish rule over the provinces ended in September 1939, following

1622:

In the interbellum period, eastern Galicia was divided into three

1087: 768:. Some elements of the Ukrainian nationalist underground formed a 8078: 8073: 8058: 8053: 7353: 6112:

Fergal Keane reports from Mariupol on Ukraine's 'frozen conflict'

3809: 3805: 3418: 3237: 2906: 2475: 2365: 2318: 2225: 2034: 1961: 1780: 1663: 1655: 1553: 1485: 1430:

The change in the Soviet economic policies towards the fast-pace

1238: 660: 229: 209: 194: 144: 6561:"Russia fires on and seizes Ukrainian ships near annexed Crimea" 6022:

Putin Tells Separatists In Ukraine To Postpone May 11 Referendum

2236:

were accepted, which allowed it to act as a separate subject of

794:

in 1991, Ukraine became an independent state, formalized with a

764:

soldiers as liberators from Soviet rule, while others formed an

8068: 7402: 6191: 5140:

Yanukovych Tells U.K's Cameron No Fears for Ukraine's Democracy

4627:

Ukraine marks 73rd anniversary of liberation from Nazi invaders

4157:

O ustroju, prawie i polityce II Rzeczypospolitej. Pisma wybrane

4131:"Muzeum Pamięci Sybiru wydało książkę o życiu na Kresach II RP" 3817: 3801: 3623: 3615: 3479: 3383: 3371: 3233: 3097: 2941:

and instead pursued closer ties with Russia. This move sparked

2486: 2482: 2467: 2403: 2349:

remained low compared even to the neighboring countries of the

2291: 2048:

Kyiv was recaptured by the Soviet Red Army on 6 November 1943.

2038: 2018: 1965: 1957: 1501: 1226: 1217:

led almost to the occupation of Poland itself. This led to the

989: 6695:"Гончарука звільнили з посади прем'єра й відставили весь уряд" 6362: 6277:"Імперії Авакова: звідки почався політичний шлях ексглави МВС" 5995: 5993: 5991: 5989: 5533:"Ukraine crisis: Police storm main Kiev 'Maidan' protest camp" 4717:"Про розгляд вимог студентів, які проводять голодування ... |" 3634:

and further Ukraine's integration and accession to the EU and

2489:

were the first countries to recognize Ukraine's independence.

2408: 2232:

After World War II some amendments to the Constitution of the

2211:

Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Post-war years: 1945–1953

2062:

Late October 1944 the last territory of current Ukraine (near

2004:

Befehlshaber der Ordnungspolizei im Reichskommissariat Ukraine

1744: 1031:), commemorating the 100th anniversary of publishing "Eneyida" 7387: 4621: 1969: 1960:. About 23,000 of these people were taken to a pine grove in 1953: 1937: 1894: 1710:

A few days after the Germans invaded Poland, Soviet dictator

1596: 1510: 1466: 714:. The Bolshevik-occupied portion of the territory became the 6988:"Зеленський "вимкнув" 112, ZIK і NewsOne з ефіру. Що відомо" 6930:"Lithuania, Poland and Ukraine Inaugurate 'Lublin Triangle'" 5720:"Колишній президент Віктор Янукович втік на літаку до Росії" 4979:

Ukraine right-wing politics: is the genie out of the bottle?

3584:(PS752) was a scheduled international passenger flight from 1418: 1075:

mostly representing the peasantry. During the 19th century,

710:, Ukraine was partitioned once again between Poland and the 7270:"В Україні зареєстрували вакцину Pfizer від COVID-19 – МОЗ" 6811:"Iran Says It Unintentionally Shot Down Ukrainian Airliner" 6531:"Tension escalates after Russia seizes Ukraine naval ships" 6338:"Як змінювався рівень інфляції в Україні у 2010-2020 роках" 5986: 3821:

has also been supported by the separatist quasi-states the

3635: 3468: 3311: 3018: 2420: 2368:. This spurred on a local independence movement called the 1592: 1505: 1452:

Collectivization in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic

1331: 1188: 1028: 684: 7131:"Ukraine wants to join the EU. Here's how that would work" 6843:"Ukrainian airplane with 180 aboard crashes in Iran: Fars" 6753:"Filmmaker Oleg Sentsov and others freed in prisoner swap" 3425:, Gazprom has to pay $ 2.56 billion in favor of Naftogaz. 3411:

Arbitration Institute of the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce

1913:

in 1941–1942, and was one of the main executioners of the

1462:

police to confiscate lands and materials where necessary.

6032: 2464:

referendum formalising independence from the Soviet Union

1914: 1611:. Although some Ukrainian political parties, such as the 1548: 780:

even though it was part of the Soviet Union. In 1954 the

6039:"Ukraine rebels hold referendums in Donetsk and Luhansk" 5376:"Ex-minister Ivashchenko's son: 'This is about revenge'" 4822:

Power versus Prudence: Why Nations Forgo Nuclear Weapons

2937:

In November 2013, President Yanukovych did not sign the

2375: 1929:. The battalion established in October 1941 carried out 1853:

Burned out buildings in Kyiv during the Second World War

1703:, both eastern Galicia and Volhynia were annexed by the 6897: 6869:"Ukrainian airliner crashes near Tehran: Iranian media" 4954:

Ukraine's New President: Is the Orange Revolution Over?

3958:

The Routledge History of East Central Europe Since 1700

2452:

declared itself an independent state on August 24, 1991

2072:

anniversary of the liberation of Ukraine from the Nazis

1878:, where the Nazis murdered approximately 100,000 people 1832:

14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Galician)

1120:

in Russia, shattered many existing empires such as the

1084:, which would then cross-over into the Russian Empire. 6782:"Українські в'язні повернулися. Хто серед них? Список" 5746:"Yanukovych: The man who sparks revolution in Ukraine" 5722:. Телеканал новин 24. 22 February 2014. Archived from 5694:"Разом із соратниками Янукович втік до Харкова, – ЗМІ" 4412: 4410: 4389: 4387: 4385: 4383: 4381: 3804:, using its own territory along with the territory of 3366:

was created, which for 5 years, except for the ban on

3236:

representative who helped fight separatists backed by

3228:

did not happen. On the contrary, the flight abroad of

1561:

by Poles (November 1919) and the Polish border at the

6197: 5408:"Ukraine ex-PM Yulia Tymoshenko jailed over gas deal" 4650: 4648: 4646: 4467: 4465: 4463: 4461: 4459: 3672:

was formed by signing a joint memorandum between the

3539:

on July 21 allowed the newly formed pro-presidential

2972: 2077:

Late March 2019 former members of armed units of the

1545:

culminated in the liquidation of the church in 1930.

1398:-wide antireligious campaign, the Ukrainian national 1354:, and the defense of Soviet Ukraine will be ensured". 450:

Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina

5598:"Ukraine crisis: Renewed Kiev assault on protesters" 5025:

Ukraine ex-PM Tymoshenko charged with misusing funds

4787:

Russia, Ukraine, and the Breakup of the Soviet Union

4763:

Canadian Yearbook of International Law, Vol 30, 1992

4418:"POLIZEI-BATAILLON 33 (Polizei-Bataillon "Ostland")" 4267:

Stalin's Wars: From World War to Cold War, 1939–1953

4229:

Stalin's Wars: From World War to Cold War, 1939–1953

3829:. In September 2022, the Ukrainians under president 3688:, enhancing cooperation within the framework of the 3660:, NATO leaders reiterated the decision taken at the 2087:

Polissian Sich/Ukrainian People's Revolutionary Army

953:

coast (northern Pontic coast) which was part of the

7021:Офіційне інтернет-представництво Президента України 6963:Офіційне інтернет-представництво Президента України 6640:Офіційне інтернет-представництво Президента України 6450:Офіційне інтернет-представництво Президента України 6158:

Ukraine conflict: Refugee numbers soar as war rages

5630:"Ukraine crisis: Yanukovych announces 'peace deal'" 5343:"Court extends Makarenko's arrest until October 10" 4407: 4378: 3786:. On February 24, the first person was vaccinated. 3574:, Yevhen and Artur Panovy, Oleksiy Syzonovych, and 1027:

The 1898 congress of Ukrainian writers in Lemberg (

735:

Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic

6302:"Історія одного Арсена. Як Аваков вибився в дамки" 5964:"Russian troops take over Ukraine's Crimea region" 4643: 4456: 4341: 4005: 3833:launched a successful offensive in the northeast. 2961:resulted in about eighty deaths in February 2014. 2619:1994 Ukrainian Presidential elections (07/10/1994) 2057:massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia 1521:party that in Ukraine included many supporters of 1370:("indigenization"). In these years, an impressive 772:that fought both Soviet and Nazi forces. In 1945, 6502:"Нафтогаз виграв історичну суперечку з Газпромом" 5764: 5048:The Party of Regions monopolises power in Ukraine 4935:Confusion, chaos and comedy in Ukrainian politics 4169: 4006:Wawrzeniuk, Piotr; Malitska, Julia (2014-03-31). 3955:Livezeanu, Irina; Klimo, Arpad von (2017-03-16). 3612:(IRGC). All 176 passengers and crew were killed. 3181:, remained half-baked. The transformation of the 2874:2010 Ukrainian presidential election (02/07/2010) 2685:2004 Ukrainian presidential election (12/26/2004) 2642:1999 Ukrainian presidential election (11/14/1999) 2438:On July 16, 1990, the Verkhovna Rada adopted the 2051:During a period of March 1943 to the end of 1944 1883:the biggest battles of the war starting with the 1043:and culture, even banning its use and study. The 698:Ukraine first declared its independence with the 8231: 7046:"Зеленський ввів у дію санкції проти Медведчука" 6253:EU signs pacts with Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova 6089:Ukraine underplays role of far right in conflict 4225: 3704:Pre-election debates of Poroshenko and Zelenskyy 2909:leads anti-Yanukovych protesters in singing the 2751:Yushchenko at the University of Amsterdam, with 2008:SS-Gruppenführer und Generalleutnant der Polizei 6835: 4677: 4039:. Stockholm University, Department of History. 2478:and recognised by the international community. 1897:, and on to the victorious storming across the 1088:First World War, the revolutions, and aftermath 5770: 5438:"EU feels let down by Ukraine over Tymoshenko" 5248:"Q&A: Ukraine's Yulia Tymoshenko on trial" 4735:Ukraine and Russia: The Post-Soviet Transition 4301: 3954: 3789: 3566:, Volodymyr Balukh, Edem Bekirov, Pavlo Hryb, 3432:occurred on 25 November 2018 when the Russian 3041:of the Crimea region. Crimea was unilaterally 2872:Distribution of votes in the 2nd round of the 2683:Distribution of votes in the 2nd round of the 2640:Distribution of votes in the 2nd round of the 2617:Distribution of votes in the 2nd round of the 2596:Ukrainian presidential elections of 12/01/1991 1767:, in September 1939, German and Soviet troops 1241:; in 1934, the capital was relocated to Kyiv. 7338: 6559:Polityuk, Andrew Osborn, Pavel (2018-11-26). 5834:"Ukraine's Yanukovich wanted for mass murder" 5696:. Zaxid.net. 21 February 2014. Archived from 4552:. New York Review of Books. February 24, 2010 4105: 4103: 3505:did not help restore the wasted trust in the 3134:was signed on 27 June 2014 by the President, 3092:figures it led to over half a million people 2334:into a regulated system of large reservoirs. 633: 7219:Коронавірус в Україні: видужав перший хворий 6588:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 4671: 4578:. University of Alberta. 28 March 2011. p. 4 3132:Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement 2939:Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement 2404:Kravchuk and Kuchma presidencies (1991–2004) 2244:(UN) together with the Soviet Union and the 1728:avoid a revolutionary civil war." Historian 774:Ukraine was made one of the founding members 727:Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic 5495: 4911:"The case for a new Ukrainian Constitution" 4861:. Potomac Books Incorporated. p. 139. 4453:2. Aufl., Klartext, Essen 2011, S. 296–301. 4032: 3911:. Cambridge University Press. p. 299. 3033:Conflict continued with the February–March 2921:During Yanukovych's term he was accused of 2662: 2440:Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine 1826:soldiers as liberators. Retreating Soviets 1775:with its Ukrainian population. Next, after 1283:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 7345: 7331: 6891: 6861: 6379: 6058:"Russian Roulette (Dispatch Thirty-Eight)" 5400: 5373: 5071:Ukraine launches battle against corruption 4933:Steven Lee Myers Published: May 31, 2007, 4100: 3606:Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport 2675:on the first day of the Orange Revolution. 2506:Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances 1445: 702:in late 1917. Following the conclusion of 640: 626: 5117:Ukraine:Journalists Face Uncertain Future 5002:Ukraine viewpoint: Novelist Andrey Kurkov 4995: 4908: 4270:. Yale University Press. pp. 36–37. 4063:The Gates of Europe: A History of Ukraine 3872: 3582:Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 3529:second round of the presidential election 3120:early presidential elections in June 2014 3048:The annexation of Crimea was followed by 2317:dominated the republic's economy. Once a 1909:(Field Post Number 47769) resided in the 1303:Learn how and when to remove this message 1221:, which culminated in the signing of the 1037:were inspired by the nationalistic spirit 929:and support leading to an armed conflict 760:. Many Ukrainians initially regarded the 7128: 6558: 6229:"Війна. Стан невизначеності для України" 6226: 5961: 5930: 5862: 4565:. Yale University. October 2, 2008. p. 5 4535: 4154: 3961:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 36–49. 3766: 3516: 3107: 3103: 3005: 2990: 2951:taking over various government buildings 2889: 2867: 2856: 2852: 2809: 2746: 2742: 2678: 2666: 2635: 2612: 2589: 2407: 2384:Ukrainian President Leonid Kravchuk and 2379: 2220: 1917:. The Police Battalion "Ostland" was an 1869: 1848: 1743: 1552: 1479: 1417: 1330: 1319: 1022: 921:In the second half of the 18th century, 885: 663:emerged as the concept of a nation, and 651: 7267: 7237: 6724:"Денис Шмигаль – новий прем'єр України" 5503:"Ukraine 'still wants to sign EU deal'" 5374:Fitzgibbon, Will (September 24, 2011). 4495: 4348:. University of Toronto Press. p. 4263: 4210: 4159:(in Polish). Wolters Kluwer. p. 9. 3849: 3847: 3845: 3512: 2934:and other international organizations. 2204: 1543:Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church 1434:was marked by the 1928 introduction of 1404:Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church 1213:to oust the Bolsheviks during the 1920 976:The lands were generously given to the 14: 8232: 6601: 6599: 5881:from the original on November 30, 2021 5802:Myers, Steven Lee (28 February 2014). 5674:from the original on February 24, 2014 5642:from the original on February 21, 2014 5610:from the original on February 19, 2014 5596:Daniel, Sandford (February 19, 2014). 5595: 4972: 4856: 4568: 4503:. London: Fontana Press. p. 403. 4339: 4059: 3904: 3060:. In April 2014 Russian collaborators 2535:Declaration of Independence of Ukraine 2337:The products of the rapidly developed 2079:Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists 1648:Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists 1613:Ukrainian National Democratic Alliance 1549:Galicia and Volhynia under Polish rule 731:Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic 460:Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists 7326: 7183: 7129:Treisman, Rachel (28 February 2022). 6045:from the original on 12 November 2021 5801: 5483:from the original on 18 December 2013 5260:from the original on October 21, 2018 3937:; University of Toronto Press; 2000. 3501:) and the creation of an independent 2959:Battles between protesters and police 2376:Independent Ukraine (1991 to present) 2252:to ensure a degree of balance in the 2199:Battle of the dam in Zaporizhia, 1943 2144:by German army mobile killing units ( 1983:for a transport of the Jews from the 1719:onto new territories and populations. 787:from the RSFSR to the Ukrainian SSR. 737:, became the founding members of the 7352: 6823:from the original on 11 January 2020 5863:Radyuhin, Vladimir (18 March 2014). 5545:from the original on 1 December 2008 5513:from the original on 29 January 2014 5418:from the original on 1 December 2018 5288:. September 24, 2011. Archived from 5094:Ukrainians' long wait for prosperity 4774:University of British Columbia Press 3900: 3898: 3842: 3444:vessels attempting to pass from the 3013:, Former Acting President of Ukraine 1799:, but ceded the western part of the 1281:adding citations to reliable sources 1248: 1098:Ukraine after the Russian Revolution 1035:Ukrainian writers and intellectuals 28: 8265:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic 7268:Свобода, Радіо (23 February 2021). 7238:Свобода, Радіо (23 February 2021). 7212: 7081:from the original on 15 August 2021 7067: 6910:from the original on 8 January 2020 6879:from the original on 8 January 2020 6849:from the original on 8 January 2020 6663: 6596: 5771:Damien McElroy (23 February 2014). 5323:from the original on April 29, 2012 5162:official website (January 21, 2011) 5128:Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting 4750:Rowman & Littlefield Publishers 4397:. Michaelis Verlag – Berlin, 2008. 2386:President of the Russian Federation 2248:. This was part of a deal with the 2098:Ukrainian soldiers Red Army of the 2045:of the Police Battalion "Ostland". 1952:, the rest of the battalion was in 1235:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic 870:History of Galicia (Eastern Europe) 837: 723:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic 716:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic 24: 7477:Revolution and War of Independence 7017:"УКАЗ ПРЕЗИДЕНТА УКРАЇНИ №64/2021" 6959:"УКАЗ ПРЕЗИДЕНТА УКРАЇНИ №43/2021" 5931:Sengupta, Somini (15 March 2014). 5756:. 20 February 2014. Archived from 4883:"Ukraine | Government and society" 3859:Overview of the History of Ukraine 3610:Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps 3535:and called early elections. Early 3404:Commonwealth of Independent States 3082:pro-Ukrainian volunteer battalions 2973:Euromaidan and Russo-Ukrainian War 2085:members and former members of the 1759:(1943). The sign reads "To Kyiv!". 1527:1936–1938 wave of political purges 984:were transferred to cultivate the 718:, with some boundary adjustments. 25: 8301: 7228:, БіБіСі Україна, 20 березня 2020 7171:from the original on 1 March 2022 7141:from the original on 1 March 2022 5974:from the original on 1 March 2014 5844:from the original on 4 March 2014 5814:from the original on 6 March 2014 4543:A fascist hero in democratic Kiev 3895: 3622:initiative, on July 28, 2020, in 3360:Russian anti-Ukrainian propaganda 2725:protests in Kyiv and other cities 1652:increasingly heavy-handed actions 1315: 800:enlargement of the European Union 480:Post-Soviet transition in Ukraine 67:Bibliography of Ukrainian history 7794:Ukraine–European Union relations 7650:Seven Natural Wonders of Ukraine 7492:West Ukrainian People's Republic 7291: 7261: 7231: 7153: 7122: 7093: 7038: 7009: 6980: 6951: 6922: 6803: 6774: 6745: 6716: 6687: 6657: 6628: 6552: 6523: 6494: 6417:"Україна остаточно вийшла з СНД" 6070:from the original on 4 July 2014 5943:from the original on May 8, 2020 5783:from the original on 1 June 2020 5577:from the original on 3 June 2014 5388:from the original on May 4, 2012 5355:from the original on May 1, 2011 5225:. August 6, 2011. Archived from 3752: 3738: 3724: 3709: 3697: 3318: 3299: 3283: 3264: 3249: 2923:tightening of press restrictions 2572: 2557: 2542: 2527: 2433:West Ukrainian National Republic 2345:, and the supply and quality of 2321:steppe, the southern oblasts of 2192: 2177: 2157: 2133: 2114: 2002:battalions under the command of 1601:historical part of their country 1484:Starved peasants on a street in 1327:(prohibited under Ukrainian law) 1253: 1142:West Ukrainian People's Republic 675:(1798). In 1846, in Moscow the " 609: 410:West Ukrainian People's Republic 355:Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria 101: 33: 7309:from the original on 2021-08-10 7280:from the original on 2021-05-04 7250:from the original on 2021-08-17 7201:from the original on 2021-08-15 7111:from the original on 2021-05-17 7056:from the original on 2021-08-17 7027:from the original on 2021-07-11 6998:from the original on 2021-02-07 6969:from the original on 2021-04-30 6940:from the original on 2021-06-06 6792:from the original on 2021-06-21 6763:from the original on 2021-06-14 6734:from the original on 2020-06-30 6705:from the original on 2021-08-10 6676:from the original on 2020-11-28 6646:from the original on 2020-06-18 6617:from the original on 2020-09-28 6571:from the original on 2021-06-14 6541:from the original on 2018-11-26 6512:from the original on 2021-06-16 6467: 6456:from the original on 2018-05-19 6438: 6427:from the original on 2019-07-19 6409: 6397:from the original on 2019-10-14 6355: 6330: 6319: 6294: 6269: 6220: 6174: 6151: 6128: 6105: 6082: 6015: 5955: 5924: 5913:from the original on 2014-03-15 5893: 5856: 5826: 5795: 5738: 5712: 5686: 5654: 5622: 5589: 5557: 5525: 5463: 5430: 5367: 5335: 5303: 5272: 5240: 5211: 5188: 5165: 5149: 5133: 5110: 5087: 5064: 5041: 5018: 4963: 4947: 4927: 4909:Dickinson, Peter (2024-01-09). 4902: 4875: 4850: 4837:McGill-Queen's University Press 4815: 4728: 4709: 4604: 4581: 4555: 4526: 4517: 4489: 4369: 4333: 4322:from the original on 2014-06-30 4295: 4284:from the original on 2014-06-30 4257: 4246:from the original on 2014-06-30 4219: 4204: 4192: 4181:from the original on 2015-01-13 4163: 4148: 4123: 4097:". BBC News. November 24, 2007. 4088:Ukraine remembers famine horror 4080: 3653:and his wife Oksana Marchenko. 3559:became the new Prime Minister. 2943:protests on the streets of Kyiv 2839:dispute over natural gas prices 2262:United Nations Security Council 2128:in just eight months of 1941–42 2091:Ukrainian Military Organization 1828:murdered thousands of prisoners 1769:divided the territory of Poland 1739: 957:realm at the conclusion of the 844:Early modern history of Ukraine 792:dissolution of the Soviet Union 677:Istoriya Rusov ili Maloi Rossii 73:List of Slavic studies journals 8245:History of Ukraine (1918–1991) 7576:Annexation of Crimea by Russia 7433:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 5962:Sullivan, Tim (1 March 2014). 5662:"Profile: Olexander Turchynov" 4478:F. Schöningh, Paderborn 2006, 4053: 4026: 3999: 3975: 3948: 3925: 3632:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 3596:(UIA). On 8 January 2020, the 3594:Ukraine International Airlines 3482:, the scandal with the use of 3440:fired upon and captured three 3364:Ministry of Information Policy 3362:in the "information war", the 2953:, first in Kyiv, and later in 2425:memory of the 1919 unification 2185:Massacres of Poles in Volhynia 2124:, July 1941. Some 2.8 million 2027:Polizei Füsilier Bataillon 293 1936:On June 28, 1941, the town of 1402:church was created called the 1244: 939:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 916:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 280:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 235:Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' 13: 1: 6227:Романчук, Олег (2016-07-03). 4060:Plokhy, Serhii (2015-12-01). 3905:Plokhy, Serhii (2006-09-07). 3836: 3242:nationalization of PrivatBank 3189:, the creation of a powerful 3163:Radical Party of Oleh Liashko 2945:. Protesters set up camps in 2847:presidential election of 2010 2735:the winner. Five days later, 2442:. On October 2–17, 1990, the 1905:'s document No. 8699/42, the 1751:preparing rafts to cross the 1571:History of Poland (1918–1939) 1104:Ukrainian War of Independence 878:Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812) 766:anti-German partisan movement 400:Ukrainian War of Independence 8260:History of Ukraine by period 8106:Intangible Cultural Heritage 7524:Eastern Front (World War II) 7509:Ukrainian National Committee 7305:(in Ukrainian). 2021-02-24. 6701:(in Ukrainian). 2020-03-04. 5471:"Why is Ukraine in turmoil?" 4944:International Herald Tribune 4033:Kotljarchuk, Andrej (2014). 3674:Foreign Ministers of Georgia 3456:on their way to the port of 3179:Ministry of Internal Affairs 2886:11,593,357 (45.47%) (orange) 2864:in the Polish Senate in 2011 2692:15,115,712 (51.99%) (orange) 2264:in 1948–1949 and 1984–1985. 1583:, which had belonged to the 1229:river was incorporated into 1199:and then the failure of the 941:and resulting in the Polish 395:Ukraine after the Revolution 7: 7482:Ukrainian People's Republic 6845:. Reuters. 8 January 2020. 5565:"Ukraine protests timeline" 4689:University of Toronto Press 4340:Luciuk, Lubomyr Y. (2000). 3796:Russian invasion of Ukraine 3790:Russian invasion of Ukraine 3604:shortly after takeoff from 3541:Servant of the People party 2631:12,111,603 (45.2%) (violet) 2608:7.420.727 (23,27%) (orange) 2429:Ukrainian People's Republic 2399:, 8 December 1991 2397:dissolving the Soviet Union 1459:program of collectivization 1339:program aimed at fostering 1134:Ukrainian People's Republic 667:as a nationality, with the 535:Russian invasion of Ukraine 495:Russia–Ukraine gas disputes 405:Ukrainian People's Republic 120:Trypillian–Cucuteni culture 10: 8306: 7504:Reichskommissariat Ukraine 6344:(in Ukrainian). 2023-06-13 6308:(in Ukrainian). 2017-11-17 6283:(in Ukrainian). 2021-09-14 5059:Centre for Eastern Studies 3793: 3527:On April 21, 2019, in the 3503:Orthodox Church of Ukraine 3463:On February 21, 2019, the 3386:, Russian social networks 3330:Orthodox Church of Ukraine 3187:National Police of Ukraine 3017:Civil unrest broke out in 2976: 2881:12,481,266 (48.95%) (blue) 2709:2004 presidential election 2700: 2697:12,481,266 (44.20%) (blue) 2603:19,643,481 (61.59%) (blue) 2214: 2208: 1946:Reichskommissariat Ukraine 1911:Reichskommissariat Ukraine 1907:Police Battalion "Ostland" 1874:Wreath-laying ceremony in 1809:Paris Peace Treaties, 1947 1568: 1449: 1101: 1094:Ukraine during World War I 1091: 850:Ukrainian National Revival 847: 841: 752:In 1941, the Soviet Union 669:Ukrainian National Revival 470:Reichskommissariat Ukraine 440:Communist Party of Ukraine 390:Ukraine during World War I 70: 64: 8250:Modern history by country 8240:Modern history of Ukraine 8198: 8139: 7997: 7886: 7877: 7820: 7811: 7720: 7711: 7635: 7626: 7596: 7370: 7361: 6757:Amnesty International USA 6041:. BBC News. 11 May 2014. 4857:Millar, Alistair (2003). 4364:ukrainians under germans. 4226:Geoffrey Roberts (2006). 4109:Encyclopædia Britannica, 4066:. Penguin Books Limited. 3812:, with Russian president 3130:The economic part of the 3070:Luhansk People's Republic 3066:Donetsk People's Republic 2928:2009 gas deal with Russia 2649:15,870,722 (57.7%) (blue) 2626:14,016,850 (52.3%) (blue) 2594:Distribution of votes in 2567:protests. 6 February 2001 2029:. By March 31, 1943, the 1925:under the command of the 1341:Ukrainian ethnic identity 689:Supreme Ruthenian Council 385:Modern history of Ukraine 42:This article needs to be 7936:hybrid variant (2020-22) 7725:Administrative divisions 7428:Grand Duchy of Lithuania 4802:Hoover Institution Press 4308:. Yale UP. p. 182. 4232:. Yale U.P. p. 36. 4012:. Södertörn University. 3618:and Ukraine created the 3600:operating the route was 3486:to minimize taxes paid ( 3434:Federal Security Service 3326:Tomos on the autocephaly 3155:Association "Samopomich" 3151:Bloc of Petro Poroshenko 2729:Supreme Court of Ukraine 2663:Orange Revolution (2004) 2654:10,665,420 (38.8%) (red) 2511:The country adopted its 2083:Ukrainian Insurgent Army 2053:Ukrainian Insurgent Army 1981:Ukrainische Hilfspolizei 1940:(Równe) was captured by 1843:Ukrainian Insurgent Army 1820:invaded the Soviet Union 1494:Soviet famine of 1932–33 1345:School of Red Commanders 1210:Warsaw agreement of 1920 1062:Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky 898:, between 1905 and 1915. 882:Modern history of Crimea 770:Ukrainian Insurgent Army 743:Soviet famine of 1932–33 250:Grand Duchy of Lithuania 245:Principality of Moldavia 8290:21st century in Ukraine 8285:20th century in Ukraine 8280:19th century in Ukraine 8275:18th century in Ukraine 7571:2014 pro-Russian unrest 6000:Ukraine crisis timeline 4302:Timothy Snyder (2003). 4137:(in Polish). 2021-01-28 3890:Encyclopædia Britannica 3879:"The famine of 1932–33" 3537:parliamentary elections 3465:Constitution of Ukraine 3334:Metropolitanate of Kyiv 3143:parliamentary elections 2126:Soviet POWs were killed 2015:anti-partisan operation 2013:, took part in a joint 1765:Ribbentrop-Molotov pact 1632:Stanisławów Voivodeship 1587:, became the area of a 1446:Soviet collectivisation 1408:Russian Orthodox Church 896:Sergei Prokudin-Gorskii 455:Ukraine in World War II 8176:Immigration to Ukraine 7850:Science and technology 7799:Ukraine–NATO relations 7105:eurointegration.com.ua 6363:"World Bank Open Data" 5351:. September 24, 2011. 5319:. September 24, 2011. 5256:. September 24, 2011. 3553:Honcharuk's government 3524: 3271:Petro Poroshenko with 3115: 3014: 3003: 2918: 2887: 2865: 2818: 2763: 2698: 2676: 2655: 2632: 2609: 2565:Ukraine Without Kuchma 2416: 2400: 2229: 2172:for forced labor, 1942 1879: 1854: 1760: 1721: 1566: 1489: 1427: 1355: 1328: 1325:Flag of Soviet Ukraine 1032: 947:partitions of the last 937:which was part of the 899: 818:and the "pro-Russian" 700:invasion of Bolsheviks 683:, in 1848 in Lemberg ( 657: 425:Directorate of Ukraine 18:Ukrainian independence 7586:2022 Russian invasion 7554:Revolution of Dignity 5670:. February 23, 2014. 5638:. February 21, 2014. 3800:On 24 February 2022, 3767:The COVID-19 epidemic 3668:On May 17, 2021, the 3662:2008 Bucharest Summit 3520: 3430:Kerch Strait incident 3396:Government of Hungary 3111: 3104:Poroshenko presidency 3021:as part of Ukraine's 3009: 2994: 2983:Revolution of Dignity 2977:Further information: 2901: 2871: 2860: 2853:Yanukovych presidency 2813: 2804:Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc 2775:Anti-Crisis Coalition 2750: 2743:Yushchenko presidency 2682: 2670: 2639: 2616: 2593: 2444:Revolution on Granite 2411: 2383: 2290:-populated oblast of 2224: 2215:Further information: 1873: 1852: 1803:to the newly created 1757:Battle of the Dnieper 1747: 1734:Ukrainian nationalism 1716: 1638:, while in Volhynia, 1556: 1483: 1450:Further information: 1421: 1334: 1323: 1026: 889: 848:Further information: 842:Further information: 655: 7957:Freedom of the press 7694:World Heritage Sites 7689:Islands and sandbars 7462:Pereiaslav Agreement 7445:Zaporozhian Cossacks 7413:Principality of Kiev 7167:. 28 February 2022. 6367:World Bank Open Data 5840:. 24 February 2014. 5754:Agence France-Presse 5573:. 21 February 2014. 5541:. 19 February 2014. 5509:. 29 November 2013. 5479:. 21 February 2014. 5061:(September 29, 2010) 3945:. pp 117-145-146-148 3686:European integration 3658:2021 Brussels Summit 3513:Zelenskyy presidency 3492:Ecumenical Patriarch 3094:internally displaced 3037:when Russian forces 2947:Maidan Nezalezhnosti 2831:Constitutional Court 2606:Viacheslav Chornovil 2481:On 2 December 1991, 2360:was the site of the 2205:Post-war (1945–1991) 1989:Riga Central Station 1921:unit that served in 1885:encirclement of Kyiv 1679:Ukrainians by their 1636:Tarnopol Voivodeship 1624:administrative units 1589:Polish-Ukrainian War 1557:The breaking of the 1422:A 1934 photo of the 1394:Despite the ongoing 1277:improve this section 1197:Polish-Ukrainian War 1112:Polish–Ukrainian War 1108:Ukrainian–Soviet War 988:. Forcing the local 854:Partitions of Poland 725:, together with the 300:Khmelnytsky Uprising 268:Early modern history 220:Principality of Kiev 7561:Russo-Ukrainian War 6819:. 10 January 2020. 5777:The Daily Telegraph 5760:on 1 December 2008. 5414:. 11 October 2011. 5038:(December 20, 2010) 3831:Volodymyr Zelenskyy 3718:Volodymyr Zelenskyy 3690:Eastern Partnership 3570:, Stanislav Klykh, 3522:Volodymyr Zelenskyy 3214:Mikheil Saakashvili 2987:Russo-Ukrainian War 2967:Oleksandr Turchynov 2845:By the time of the 2766:In March 2006, the 2673:Independence Square 2450:Ukraine officially 2140:Executions of Kyiv 2109:, but all failed.) 2066:, then part of the 1681:forced assimilation 1597:Eastern Borderlands 1471:deported to Siberia 933:in the neighboring 923:Catherine the Great 505:Russo-Ukrainian War 365:Carpathian Ruthenia 165:Chernyakhov culture 7921:Swine flu pandemic 7855:Telecommunications 7645:Biosphere reserves 7534:Chernobyl disaster 7224:2021-08-15 at the 6875:. 8 January 2020. 6816:The New York Times 6482:2021-08-17 at the 6258:2014-06-27 at the 6217:(10 December 2020) 6209:2020-12-17 at the 6186:2015-12-23 at the 6163:2018-07-08 at the 6140:2016-11-11 at the 6125:(12 December 2014) 6117:2016-07-23 at the 6102:(13 December 2014) 6094:2018-06-02 at the 6027:2015-03-19 at the 6005:2014-06-03 at the 5937:The New York Times 5808:The New York Times 5200:2012-06-03 at the 5185:(January 13, 2011) 5177:2014-01-27 at the 5130:(October 27, 2010) 5122:2011-10-05 at the 5107:(October 18, 2010) 5099:2017-03-21 at the 5084:(January 18, 2011) 5076:2017-03-21 at the 5053:2011-09-03 at the 5030:2017-12-01 at the 5015:(January 13, 2011) 5007:2018-10-11 at the 4984:2017-10-14 at the 4960:(11 February 2010) 4827:2011-06-04 at the 4792:2022-03-08 at the 4768:2022-02-26 at the 4740:2022-02-26 at the 4725:|url-status=live}} 4684:Ukraine: A History 4660:2021-03-15 at the 4632:2021-06-29 at the 4616:2021-06-28 at the 4593:2017-10-29 at the 4548:2015-10-29 at the 4116:2008-04-18 at the 4093:2012-07-31 at the 3934:Ukraine: A History 3884:2022-03-18 at the 3864:2019-05-24 at the 3572:Olexandr Kolchenko 3525: 3290:Poroshenko in the 3116: 3050:pro-Russian unrest 3045:on 18 March 2014. 3015: 3011:Oleksand Turchynov 3004: 2919: 2888: 2866: 2819: 2764: 2699: 2677: 2656: 2633: 2610: 2515:on June 28, 1996. 2417: 2401: 2362:Chernobyl disaster 2230: 2068:Kingdom of Hungary 1880: 1855: 1777:France surrendered 1761: 1675:, began to openly 1567: 1490: 1428: 1356: 1329: 1195:The defeat in the 1118:October Revolution 1041:Ukrainian language 1033: 959:Russo-Turkish Wars 935:right-bank Ukraine 900: 830:protests, and the 808:Russian Federation 658: 616:Ukraine portal 558:Historical regions 160:Zarubintsy culture 8270:Ukrainian studies 8227: 8226: 8194: 8193: 7969:Human trafficking 7927:COVID-19 pandemic 7901:Gender inequality 7873: 7872: 7807: 7806: 7765:Political parties 7755:Foreign relations 7707: 7706: 7622: 7621: 7544:Orange Revolution 7529:Volhynia massacre 7050:Українська правда 6728:Українська правда 6506:Українська правда 6306:Главком | Glavcom 6148:(5 December 2014) 5909:. 12 March 2014. 5869:, March 18, 2014" 5451:on 4 January 2012 5146:(October 6, 2010) 4992:(January 3, 2011) 4990:openDemocracy.net 4845:978-0-7735-2087-5 4640:(28 October 2017) 4624:(28 October 2017) 4601:, 2008 (page 243) 4171:Ivan Katchanovski 4120:article, page 51. 4073:978-0-241-18810-1 4046:978-91-87235-96-2 4019:978-91-86069-85-8 3968:978-1-351-86343-8 3918:978-1-139-45892-4 3746:Oleksii Honcharuk 3651:Viktor Medvedchuk 3549:Oleksii Honcharuk 3141:In October 2014, 3072:and held illegal 3043:annexed by Russia 3027:Viktor Yanukovych 2899: 2879:Viktor Yanukovych 2862:Viktor Yanukovych 2762:poisoning (2006). 2737:Viktor Yanukovych 2733:Viktor Yushchenko 2717:Viktor Yushchenko 2713:Viktor Yanukovych 2703:Orange Revolution 2695:Viktor Yanukovych 2690:Viktor Yushchenko 2660: 2659: 2508:in January 1994. 2393:Belavezha Accords 2280:Nikita Khrushchev 2258:an elected member 2238:international law 2217:Operation Vistula 2089:, members of the 2011:Otto von Oelhafen 1839:partisan movement 1730:Timothy D. Snyder 1644:terrorist actions 1640:Wołyń Voivodeship 1609:Polish-Soviet War 1504:'s regime by the 1432:industrialization 1364:Ukrainian culture 1313: 1312: 1305: 1219:Polish–Soviet War 1146:Bolshevik revkoms 1002:Black Sea Germans 943:Bar Confederation 904:Cossack Hetmanate 824:Orange Revolution 681:Spring of Nations 673:Ivan Kotlyarevsky 650: 649: 547:Topics by history 530:COVID-19 pandemic 490:Orange Revolution 465:Volhynia genocide 350:Habsburg monarchy 310:Cossack Hetmanate 63: 62: 16:(Redirected from 8297: 8207: 8149:Ukrainian people 7884: 7883: 7830: 7818: 7817: 7718: 7717: 7662:Populated places 7633: 7632: 7438:Kiev Voivodeship 7423:Galicia–Volhynia 7368: 7367: 7347: 7340: 7333: 7324: 7323: 7318: 7317: 7315: 7314: 7295: 7289: 7288: 7286: 7285: 7276:(in Ukrainian). 7265: 7259: 7258: 7256: 7255: 7246:(in Ukrainian). 7235: 7229: 7216: 7210: 7209: 7207: 7206: 7187: 7181: 7180: 7178: 7176: 7157: 7151: 7150: 7148: 7146: 7126: 7120: 7119: 7117: 7116: 7097: 7091: 7090: 7088: 7086: 7071: 7065: 7064: 7062: 7061: 7052:(in Ukrainian). 7042: 7036: 7035: 7033: 7032: 7023:(in Ukrainian). 7013: 7007: 7006: 7004: 7003: 6994:(in Ukrainian). 6992:BBC News Україна 6984: 6978: 6977: 6975: 6974: 6965:(in Ukrainian). 6955: 6949: 6948: 6946: 6945: 6926: 6920: 6919: 6917: 6915: 6895: 6889: 6888: 6886: 6884: 6865: 6859: 6858: 6856: 6854: 6839: 6833: 6832: 6830: 6828: 6807: 6801: 6800: 6798: 6797: 6788:(in Ukrainian). 6786:BBC News Україна 6778: 6772: 6771: 6769: 6768: 6749: 6743: 6742: 6740: 6739: 6730:(in Ukrainian). 6720: 6714: 6713: 6711: 6710: 6699:BBC News Україна 6691: 6685: 6684: 6682: 6681: 6672:(in Ukrainian). 6661: 6655: 6654: 6652: 6651: 6642:(in Ukrainian). 6632: 6626: 6625: 6623: 6622: 6613:(in Ukrainian). 6603: 6594: 6593: 6587: 6579: 6577: 6576: 6556: 6550: 6549: 6547: 6546: 6527: 6521: 6520: 6518: 6517: 6508:(in Ukrainian). 6498: 6492: 6471: 6465: 6464: 6462: 6461: 6452:(in Ukrainian). 6442: 6436: 6435: 6433: 6432: 6413: 6407: 6405: 6403: 6402: 6383: 6377: 6376: 6374: 6373: 6359: 6353: 6352: 6350: 6349: 6334: 6328: 6323: 6317: 6316: 6314: 6313: 6298: 6292: 6291: 6289: 6288: 6273: 6267: 6250: 6244: 6243: 6241: 6240: 6224: 6218: 6201: 6195: 6178: 6172: 6155: 6149: 6132: 6126: 6109: 6103: 6086: 6080: 6079: 6077: 6075: 6054: 6052: 6050: 6019: 6013: 5997: 5984: 5983: 5981: 5979: 5968:Associated Press 5959: 5953: 5952: 5950: 5948: 5928: 5922: 5921: 5919: 5918: 5897: 5891: 5890: 5888: 5886: 5860: 5854: 5853: 5851: 5849: 5830: 5824: 5823: 5821: 5819: 5799: 5793: 5792: 5790: 5788: 5768: 5762: 5761: 5742: 5736: 5735: 5733: 5731: 5716: 5710: 5709: 5707: 5705: 5690: 5684: 5683: 5681: 5679: 5658: 5652: 5651: 5649: 5647: 5626: 5620: 5619: 5617: 5615: 5593: 5587: 5586: 5584: 5582: 5561: 5555: 5554: 5552: 5550: 5529: 5523: 5522: 5520: 5518: 5499: 5493: 5492: 5490: 5488: 5467: 5461: 5460: 5458: 5456: 5447:. 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812:post-Soviet era 785:was transferred 756:by Germany and 646: 610: 608: 603: 602: 553:Name of Ukraine 548: 540: 539: 415:Ukrainian State 380: 370: 369: 320:Sloboda Ukraine 270: 260: 259: 255:Crimean Khanate 225:Kingdom of Rus' 185: 175: 174: 125:Yamnaya culture 115: 93: 86: 75: 69: 59: 53: 50: 47: 38: 34: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8303: 8293: 8292: 8287: 8282: 8277: 8272: 8267: 8262: 8257: 8255:Russian Empire 8252: 8247: 8242: 8225: 8224: 8222: 8221: 8216: 8209: 8208: 8200: 8199: 8196: 8195: 8192: 8191: 8189: 8188: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8172: 8171: 8166: 8161: 8156: 8145: 8143: 8137: 8136: 8134: 8133: 8128: 8123: 8118: 8113: 8108: 8103: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8087: 8086: 8081: 8076: 8071: 8066: 8061: 8056: 8048: 8047: 8046: 8036: 8031: 8026: 8025: 8024: 8019: 8009: 8003: 8001: 7995: 7994: 7992: 7991: 7986: 7981: 7976: 7971: 7966: 7965: 7964: 7959: 7949: 7948: 7947: 7937: 7924: 7918: 7913: 7903: 7898: 7893: 7887: 7881: 7875: 7874: 7871: 7870: 7868: 7867: 7862: 7857: 7852: 7847: 7842: 7837: 7832: 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6522: 6493: 6466: 6437: 6408: 6378: 6354: 6329: 6318: 6293: 6268: 6266:(27 June 2014) 6245: 6235:(in Ukrainian) 6219: 6196: 6173: 6150: 6146:United Nations 6127: 6104: 6081: 6035:(May 07, 2014) 6014: 5985: 5954: 5923: 5906:Bloomberg News 5892: 5855: 5825: 5794: 5763: 5737: 5711: 5685: 5653: 5621: 5588: 5556: 5524: 5494: 5462: 5429: 5399: 5366: 5334: 5302: 5271: 5239: 5210: 5208:(May 25, 2011) 5187: 5164: 5148: 5144:Turkish Weekly 5132: 5109: 5086: 5063: 5040: 5017: 4994: 4971: 4962: 4946: 4940:2013-01-26 at 4926: 4901: 4874: 4868:978-1574885859 4867: 4849: 4814: 4798:Roman Szporluk 4727: 4708: 4701: 4670: 4642: 4603: 4599:Strobe Talbott 4580: 4567: 4561:Keith Darden. 4554: 4534: 4525: 4516: 4509: 4488: 4455: 4434: 4406: 4377: 4368: 4358: 4332: 4314: 4294: 4276: 4256: 4238: 4218: 4203: 4191: 4162: 4147: 4122: 4099: 4079: 4072: 4052: 4045: 4025: 4018: 3998: 3974: 3967: 3947: 3924: 3917: 3894: 3871: 3840: 3838: 3835: 3814:Vladimir Putin 3794:Main article: 3791: 3788: 3768: 3765: 3764: 3763: 3758: 3751: 3749: 3744: 3737: 3735: 3730: 3723: 3721: 3715: 3708: 3706: 3703: 3696: 3598:Boeing 737-800 3568:Mykola Karpyuk 3533:Verkhovna Rada 3514: 3511: 3476:Lipetsk oblast 3442:Ukrainian Navy 3343:European Union 3339: 3338: 3324: 3317: 3315: 3308:Ukrainian army 3305: 3298: 3296: 3292:Donetsk oblast 3289: 3282: 3280: 3270: 3263: 3261: 3255: 3248: 3222:Dmytro Firtash 3191:National Guard 3147:People's Front 3105: 3102: 3090:United Nations 3078:Ukrainian army 3039:seized control 3035:Crimean crisis 2974: 2971: 2932:European Union 2913:and chanting " 2854: 2851: 2768:Verkhovna Rada 2744: 2741: 2701:Main article: 2671:Protesters at 2664: 2661: 2658: 2657: 2584: 2583: 2578: 2571: 2569: 2563: 2556: 2554: 2548: 2541: 2539: 2533: 2526: 2405: 2402: 2377: 2374: 2347:consumer goods 2343:Soviet economy 2323:Dnipropetrovsk 2242:United Nations 2206: 2203: 2202: 2201: 2198: 2191: 2189: 2183: 2176: 2174: 2166:being deported 2163: 2156: 2154: 2146:Einsatzgruppen 2139: 2132: 2130: 2120: 2113: 1864:Einsatzgruppen 1801:Moldavian ASSR 1793:Soviet demands 1763:Following the 1741: 1738: 1697:Battle of Lviv 1605:Polish victory 1585:Russian Empire 1569:Main article: 1550: 1547: 1447: 1444: 1412:Russian Empire 1317: 1316:Soviet Ukraine 1314: 1311: 1310: 1261: 1259: 1252: 1246: 1243: 1215:Kiev offensive 1130:Makhnovshchina 1089: 1086: 1018:Gammalsvenskby 1006:Crimea Germans 912:Ottoman Empire 908:Russian Empire 839: 836: 804:European Union 790:Following the 782:Crimean Oblast 778:United Nations 693:Ukrainian flag 648: 647: 645: 644: 637: 630: 622: 619: 618: 605: 604: 601: 600: 595: 590: 585: 583:Rail transport 580: 575: 570: 565: 560: 555: 549: 546: 545: 542: 541: 538: 537: 532: 527: 526: 525: 515: 513:Crimean crisis 502: 497: 492: 487: 482: 477: 472: 467: 462: 457: 452: 447: 442: 437: 432: 427: 422: 420:Makhnovshchina 417: 412: 407: 402: 397: 392: 387: 381: 378:Modern history 376: 375: 372: 371: 368: 367: 362: 357: 352: 347: 342: 337: 335:Russian Empire 332: 327: 322: 317: 312: 307: 302: 297: 287: 277: 271: 266: 265: 262: 261: 258: 257: 252: 247: 242: 237: 232: 227: 222: 217: 212: 207: 205:Rus' Khaganate 202: 197: 192: 186: 181: 180: 177: 176: 173: 172: 167: 162: 157: 152: 147: 142: 137: 132: 127: 122: 116: 111: 110: 107: 106: 98: 97: 88: 87: 80: 65:Main article: 61: 60: 41: 39: 32: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8302: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8266: 8263: 8261: 8258: 8256: 8253: 8251: 8248: 8246: 8243: 8241: 8238: 8237: 8235: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8211: 8206: 8202: 8201: 8197: 8187: 8184: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8151: 8150: 8147: 8146: 8144: 8142: 8138: 8132: 8129: 8127: 8124: 8122: 8119: 8117: 8114: 8112: 8109: 8107: 8104: 8102: 8099: 8097: 8094: 8092: 8089: 8085: 8082: 8080: 8077: 8075: 8072: 8070: 8067: 8065: 8062: 8060: 8057: 8055: 8052: 8051: 8049: 8045: 8042: 8041: 8040: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8030: 8027: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8014: 8013: 8010: 8008: 8005: 8004: 8002: 8000: 7996: 7990: 7987: 7985: 7982: 7980: 7977: 7975: 7972: 7970: 7967: 7963: 7960: 7958: 7955: 7954: 7953: 7950: 7945: 7941: 7938: 7935: 7932: 7928: 7925: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7908: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7888: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7876: 7866: 7863: 7861: 7858: 7856: 7853: 7851: 7848: 7846: 7843: 7841: 7838: 7836: 7833: 7831: 7827: 7823: 7822: 7819: 7816: 7814: 7810: 7800: 7797: 7795: 7792: 7788: 7785: 7783: 7780: 7779: 7778: 7775: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7756: 7753: 7752: 7751: 7748: 7746: 7743: 7741: 7738: 7736: 7733: 7731: 7728: 7726: 7723: 7722: 7719: 7716: 7714: 7710: 7700: 7697: 7695: 7692: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7682: 7680: 7677: 7675: 7672: 7668: 7665: 7664: 7663: 7660: 7658: 7655: 7651: 7648: 7647: 7646: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7637: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7625: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7607: 7605: 7602: 7601: 7599: 7595: 7587: 7584: 7582: 7581:War in Donbas 7579: 7577: 7574: 7572: 7569: 7567: 7564: 7563: 7562: 7559: 7555: 7552: 7551: 7550: 7547: 7545: 7542: 7540: 7537: 7535: 7532: 7530: 7527: 7525: 7522: 7520: 7517: 7515: 7514:Ukrainian SSR 7512: 7510: 7507: 7505: 7502: 7498: 7495: 7493: 7490: 7488: 7485: 7483: 7480: 7479: 7478: 7475: 7473: 7470: 7468: 7465: 7463: 7460: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7448: 7447: 7446: 7443: 7439: 7436: 7435: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7399: 7396: 7394: 7391: 7389: 7386: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7376: 7375: 7373: 7369: 7366: 7364: 7360: 7355: 7348: 7343: 7341: 7336: 7334: 7329: 7328: 7325: 7308: 7304: 7300: 7294: 7279: 7275: 7274:Радіо Свобода 7271: 7264: 7249: 7245: 7244:Радіо Свобода 7241: 7234: 7227: 7223: 7220: 7215: 7200: 7196: 7192: 7186: 7170: 7166: 7162: 7156: 7140: 7136: 7132: 7125: 7110: 7106: 7102: 7096: 7080: 7076: 7070: 7055: 7051: 7047: 7041: 7026: 7022: 7018: 7012: 6997: 6993: 6989: 6983: 6968: 6964: 6960: 6954: 6939: 6935: 6931: 6925: 6909: 6905: 6904:The Telegraph 6901: 6894: 6878: 6874: 6870: 6864: 6848: 6844: 6838: 6822: 6818: 6817: 6812: 6806: 6791: 6787: 6783: 6777: 6762: 6758: 6754: 6748: 6733: 6729: 6725: 6719: 6704: 6700: 6696: 6690: 6675: 6671: 6667: 6660: 6645: 6641: 6637: 6631: 6616: 6612: 6608: 6602: 6600: 6591: 6585: 6570: 6566: 6562: 6555: 6540: 6536: 6532: 6526: 6511: 6507: 6503: 6497: 6491: 6490: 6489:Павло Клімкін 6485: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6470: 6455: 6451: 6447: 6441: 6426: 6422: 6418: 6412: 6396: 6392: 6388: 6382: 6368: 6364: 6358: 6343: 6339: 6333: 6327: 6322: 6307: 6303: 6297: 6282: 6278: 6272: 6265: 6261: 6257: 6254: 6249: 6234: 6233:Радіо Свобода 6230: 6223: 6216: 6212: 6208: 6205: 6200: 6194:(1 June 2015) 6193: 6189: 6185: 6182: 6177: 6170: 6166: 6162: 6159: 6154: 6147: 6143: 6139: 6136: 6131: 6124: 6120: 6116: 6113: 6108: 6101: 6097: 6093: 6090: 6085: 6069: 6065: 6064: 6059: 6044: 6040: 6034: 6030: 6026: 6023: 6018: 6012: 6008: 6004: 6001: 5996: 5994: 5992: 5990: 5973: 5969: 5965: 5958: 5942: 5938: 5934: 5927: 5912: 5908: 5907: 5902: 5896: 5880: 5876: 5875: 5870: 5868: 5859: 5843: 5839: 5835: 5829: 5813: 5809: 5805: 5798: 5782: 5778: 5774: 5767: 5759: 5755: 5751: 5747: 5741: 5725: 5721: 5715: 5699: 5695: 5689: 5673: 5669: 5668: 5663: 5657: 5641: 5637: 5636: 5631: 5625: 5609: 5605: 5604: 5599: 5592: 5576: 5572: 5571: 5566: 5560: 5544: 5540: 5539: 5534: 5528: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5498: 5482: 5478: 5477: 5472: 5466: 5450: 5446: 5444: 5439: 5433: 5417: 5413: 5409: 5403: 5387: 5383: 5382: 5377: 5370: 5354: 5350: 5349: 5344: 5338: 5322: 5318: 5317: 5312: 5306: 5292:on 2011-10-26 5291: 5287: 5286: 5281: 5275: 5259: 5255: 5254: 5249: 5243: 5229:on 2016-03-04 5228: 5224: 5220: 5214: 5207: 5203: 5199: 5196: 5191: 5184: 5180: 5176: 5173: 5168: 5161: 5157: 5152: 5145: 5141: 5136: 5129: 5125: 5121: 5118: 5113: 5106: 5102: 5098: 5095: 5090: 5083: 5079: 5075: 5072: 5067: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5049: 5044: 5037: 5033: 5029: 5026: 5021: 5014: 5010: 5006: 5003: 4998: 4991: 4987: 4983: 4980: 4975: 4966: 4959: 4955: 4950: 4943: 4942:archive.today 4939: 4936: 4930: 4916: 4912: 4905: 4898: 4888: 4884: 4878: 4870: 4864: 4860: 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P. Himka. 4571: 4564: 4558: 4551: 4547: 4544: 4538: 4529: 4520: 4512: 4510:0-00-637194-9 4506: 4502: 4501:The Holocaust 4498: 4492: 4485: 4481: 4477: 4473: 4468: 4466: 4464: 4462: 4460: 4452: 4448: 4443: 4441: 4439: 4424:on 2011-10-08 4423: 4419: 4413: 4411: 4404: 4403:9783938392560 4400: 4396: 4390: 4388: 4386: 4384: 4382: 4372: 4365: 4361: 4359:0-8020-4245-7 4355: 4351: 4346: 4345: 4336: 4321: 4317: 4315:9780300105865 4311: 4307: 4306: 4298: 4283: 4279: 4273: 4269: 4268: 4260: 4245: 4241: 4235: 4231: 4230: 4222: 4214: 4207: 4201: 4195: 4180: 4176: 4172: 4166: 4158: 4151: 4136: 4135:znadniemna.pl 4132: 4126: 4119: 4115: 4112: 4106: 4104: 4096: 4092: 4089: 4083: 4075: 4069: 4065: 4064: 4056: 4048: 4042: 4038: 4037: 4029: 4021: 4015: 4011: 4010: 4002: 3988: 3984: 3978: 3970: 3964: 3960: 3959: 3951: 3944: 3943:0-8020-8390-0 3940: 3936: 3935: 3928: 3920: 3914: 3910: 3909: 3901: 3899: 3891: 3887: 3883: 3880: 3875: 3868: 3867: 3863: 3860: 3855: 3850: 3848: 3846: 3841: 3834: 3832: 3828: 3824: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3797: 3787: 3785: 3781: 3776: 3774: 3761: 3760:Denys Shmyhal 3755: 3750: 3747: 3741: 3736: 3733: 3727: 3722: 3719: 3712: 3707: 3700: 3695: 3694: 3693: 3691: 3687: 3683: 3679: 3675: 3671: 3666: 3663: 3659: 3654: 3652: 3648: 3644: 3639: 3637: 3633: 3629: 3625: 3621: 3617: 3613: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3595: 3591: 3587: 3583: 3579: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3560: 3558: 3557:Denys Shmyhal 3554: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3523: 3519: 3510: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3495:Bartholomew I 3493: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3472: 3470: 3466: 3461: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3426: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3407: 3405: 3399: 3397: 3393: 3392:Odnoklassniki 3389: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3368:Kaspersky Lab 3365: 3361: 3356: 3352: 3348: 3344: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3321: 3316: 3313: 3309: 3302: 3297: 3293: 3286: 3281: 3278: 3274: 3273:Angela Merkel 3267: 3262: 3259: 3252: 3247: 3246: 3245: 3243: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3215: 3209: 3207: 3206:Schengen Area 3203: 3198: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3139: 3137: 3133: 3128: 3125: 3121: 3114: 3110: 3101: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3086:war in Donbas 3083: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3058:south Ukraine 3055: 3051: 3046: 3044: 3040: 3036: 3031: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3012: 3008: 3001: 2997: 2996:War in Donbas 2993: 2988: 2984: 2980: 2970: 2968: 2962: 2960: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2944: 2940: 2935: 2933: 2929: 2924: 2916: 2915:Slava Ukraini 2912: 2908: 2904: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2870: 2863: 2859: 2850: 2848: 2843: 2840: 2834: 2832: 2826: 2824: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2806: 2805: 2800: 2799: 2794: 2793: 2788: 2787: 2782: 2781: 2776: 2772: 2769: 2761: 2758: 2754: 2749: 2740: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2726: 2720: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2704: 2696: 2691: 2686: 2681: 2674: 2669: 2653: 2648: 2647:Leonid Kuchma 2643: 2638: 2630: 2625: 2624:Leonid Kuchma 2620: 2615: 2607: 2602: 2597: 2592: 2588: 2587: 2581: 2580:Leonid Kuchma 2575: 2570: 2566: 2560: 2555: 2551: 2545: 2540: 2536: 2530: 2525: 2524: 2523: 2521: 2516: 2514: 2509: 2507: 2501: 2499: 2498:Leonid Kuchma 2495: 2490: 2488: 2484: 2479: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2456:Ukrainian SSR 2453: 2448: 2445: 2441: 2436: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2423:and Lviv, in 2422: 2415: 2410: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2389:Boris Yeltsin 2387: 2382: 2373: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2354: 2352: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2335: 2333: 2332:Dnieper River 2328: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2295: 2293: 2289: 2285: 2281: 2276: 2274: 2270: 2269:arms industry 2265: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2250:United States 2247: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2234:Ukrainian SSR 2227: 2223: 2218: 2212: 2195: 2190: 2186: 2180: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2160: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2136: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2117: 2112: 2111: 2110: 2108: 2105: 2101: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2075: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2060: 2058: 2054: 2049: 2046: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1996: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1973: 1971: 1967: 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