Liberal Party (UK)

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Government and a Government which is not free is principally this—that a Government which is not free interferes with everything it can, and a free Government interferes with nothing except what it must. A despotic Government tries to make everybody do what it wishes; a Liberal Government tries, as far as the safety of society will permit, to allow everybody to do as he wishes. It has been the tradition of the Liberal party consistently to maintain the doctrine of individual liberty. It is because they have done so that England is the place where people can do more what they please than in any other country in the world. It is this practice of allowing one set of people to dictate to another set of people what they shall do, what they shall think, what they shall drink, when they shall go to bed, what they shall buy, and where they shall buy it, what wages they shall get and how they shall spend them, against which the Liberal party have always protested.

4206:(officially the "National Liberals" after 1947) led by Simon, also known as "Simonites", and the "Samuelites" or "official Liberals", led by Samuel who remained as the official party. Both groups secured about 34 MPs but proceeded to diverge even further after the election, with the Liberal Nationals remaining supporters of the government throughout its life. There were to be a succession of discussions about them rejoining the Liberals, but these usually foundered on the issues of free trade and continued support for the National Government. The one significant reunification came in 1946 when the Liberal and Liberal National party organisations in London merged. The National Liberals, as they were called by then, were gradually absorbed into the Conservative Party, finally merging in 1968. 402: 4757:). The Anglican establishment strongly resisted until 1828. Numerous reforms of voting rights, especially that of 1832, increased the political power of Dissenters. They demanded an end to compulsory church rates, in which local taxes went only to Anglican churches. They finally achieved the end of religious tests for university degrees in 1905. Gladstone brought the majority of Dissenters around to support for Home Rule for Ireland, putting the dissenting Protestants in league with the Irish Roman Catholics in an otherwise unlikely alliance. The Dissenters gave significant support to moralistic issues, such as temperance and sabbath enforcement. The 3677:

the Pro-Boers was David Lloyd George, a relatively new MP and a master of rhetoric, who took advantage of having a national stage to speak out on a controversial issue to make his name in the party. Harcourt and Morley also sided with this group, though with slightly different aims. Campbell-Bannerman tried to keep these forces together at the head of a moderate Liberal rump, but in 1901 he delivered a speech on the government's "methods of barbarism" in South Africa that pulled him further to the left and nearly tore the party in two. The party was saved after Salisbury's retirement in 1902 when his successor,

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the use of politics and Parliament as a device to upgrade and improve society and to reform politics. All Liberals were outraged when Conservatives used their majority in the House of Lords to block reform legislation. In the House of Lords, the Liberals had lost most of their members, who in the 1890s "became Conservative in all but name." The government could force the unwilling king to create new Liberal peers, and that threat did prove decisive in the battle for dominance of Commons over Lords in 1911.

964: 8991: 3731:"five-sixths of the Liberal party are left wing." Other historians, however, have questioned the extent to which the Liberal Party experienced a leftward shift; according to Robert C. Self however, only between 50 and 60 Liberal MPs out of the 400 in the parliamentary party after 1906 were Social Radicals, with a core of 20 to 30. Nevertheless, important junior offices were held in the cabinet by what Duncan Tanner has termed "genuine New Liberals, Centrist reformers, and 2641: 2629: 952: 3600: 1028: 3482: 4005: 4092: 3981:

for world peace or liberal treatment of Germany, nor discomfit with aggressive and authoritarian measures of state power. More deadly to the future of the party, says historian Trevor Wilson, was its repudiation by ideological Liberals, who decided sadly that it no longer represented their principles. Finally, the presence of the vigorous new Labour Party on the left gave a new home to voters disenchanted with the Liberal performance.

4144:, where local evidence suggests that economic ideas were at best peripheral to the electorate's concerns. The Liberals now found themselves with 59 members, holding the balance of power in a Parliament where Labour was the largest party but lacked an overall majority. Lloyd George offered a degree of support to the Labour government in the hope of winning concessions, including a degree of electoral reform to introduce the 3721: 3509:. They saw individual liberty as something achievable only under favourable social and economic circumstances. In their view, the poverty, squalor, and ignorance in which many people lived made it impossible for freedom and individuality to flourish. New Liberals believed that these conditions could be ameliorated only through collective action coordinated by a strong, welfare-oriented, and interventionist state. 4362:. Grimond also sought an intellectual revival of the party, seeking to position it as a non-socialist radical alternative to the Conservative government of the day. In particular he canvassed the support of the young post-war university students and recent graduates, appealing to younger voters in a way that many of his recent predecessors had not, and asserting a new strand of Liberalism for the post-war world. 4167: 4467:. According to this pact, the Liberals would support the government in crucial votes in exchange for some influence over policy. The agreement lasted from 1977 to 1978, but proved mostly fruitless, for two reasons: the Liberals' key demand of PR was rejected by most Labour MPs, whilst the contacts between Liberal spokespersons and Labour ministers often proved detrimental, such as between Treasury spokesperson 6490: 6447: 6403: 6364: 6325: 6281: 6242: 6167: 6125: 6117: 6086: 6078: 6042: 6034: 5986: 5952: 5944: 5900: 5856: 5814: 5783: 5775: 5741: 5733: 5694: 5655: 5619: 5611: 5572: 5536: 5528: 5492: 5484: 5450: 5442: 5403: 5367: 5359: 5321: 5313: 5274: 5230: 3054: 4808:

historic religious identity, thereby neutralising much of the class pressure on behalf of the Labour movement. Meanwhile, the Anglican Church was a bastion of strength for the Conservative Party. On the Irish issue, the Anglicans strongly supported unionism. Increasingly after 1850, the Roman Catholic element in England and Scotland was composed of recent emigrants from Ireland who largely voted for the

3540:, introduced unprecedented taxes on the wealthy in Britain and radical social welfare programmes to the country's policies. In the Liberal camp, as noted by one study, "the Budget was on the whole enthusiastically received." It was the first budget with the expressed intent of redistributing wealth among the public. It imposed increased taxes on luxuries, liquor, tobacco, high incomes, and land – 6541: 6533: 6498: 6455: 6411: 6372: 6333: 6289: 6250: 6211: 6203: 6159: 5994: 5908: 5864: 5822: 5702: 5663: 5580: 5411: 5282: 5238: 4028:", as it became known, was issued against many sitting Liberal MPs, often to devastating effect, though not against Asquith himself. The coalition won a massive victory: Labour increased their position slightly, but the Asquithian Liberals were decimated. Those remaining Liberal MPs who were opposed to the Coalition Government went into opposition under the parliamentary leadership of 4527:(SDP). The new party and the Liberals quickly formed the SDP–Liberal Alliance, which for a while polled as high as 50% in the opinion polls and appeared capable of winning the next general election. Indeed, Steel was so confident of an Alliance victory that he told the 1981 Liberal conference, "Go back to your constituencies, and prepare for government!". 4088:

Conservatives and Labour in crucial Commons divisions. However, instead of trying to force the opportunity to form a Liberal government, Asquith decided instead to allow Labour the chance of office in the belief that they would prove incompetent, and this would set the stage for a revival of Liberal fortunes at Labour's expense, but it was a fatal error.

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Parliament, only seven of which had been won against candidates from both parties and none of these formed a coherent area of Liberal survival. The party seemed finished, and during this period some Liberals, such as Churchill, went over to the Conservatives while others went over to Labour. Several Labour ministers of later generations, such as

3333:. In the first election after the Act was passed (1885), thirteen were elected, up from two in 1874. The Third Reform Act also facilitated the demise of the Whig old guard; in two-member constituencies, it was common to pair a Whig and a radical under the Liberal banner. After the Third Reform Act, fewer former Whigs were selected as candidates. 4225:. However, they remained sitting on the government benches supporting it in Parliament, though in the country local Liberal activists bitterly opposed the government. Finally in late 1933 the Liberals crossed the floor of the House of Commons and went into complete opposition. By this point their number of MPs was severely depleted. In the 4761:, as it was called, was repeatedly called upon by Gladstone for support for his moralistic foreign policy. In election after election, Protestant ministers rallied their congregations to the Liberal ticket. In Scotland, the Presbyterians played a similar role to the Nonconformist Methodists, Baptists and other groups in England and Wales. 6831:, p. 565, quote: "Lloyd George made a greater impact on British public life than any other 20th-century leader, thanks to his pre-war introduction of Britain's social welfare system (especially medical insurance, unemployment insurance, and old-age pensions, largely paid for by taxes on high incomes and on the land)." 3743: 3560:

grow into the welfare state after the Second World War. What was new in these reforms was the underlying assumption that the state could be a positive force, that the measure of individual freedom... was not how much the state left people alone, but whether it gave them the capacity to fill themselves as individuals.

4369:, the Liberals regained the status of a serious third force in British politics, polling up to 20% of the vote, but unable to break the duopoly of Labour and Conservative and win more than fourteen seats in the Commons. An additional problem was competition in the Liberal heartlands in Scotland and Wales from the 4669:

The political terms of "modern", "progressive" or "new" Liberalism began to appear in the mid to late 1880s and became increasingly common to denote the tendency in the Liberal Party to favour an increased role for the state as more important than the classical liberal stress on self-help and freedom

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the Conservatives were re-elected by a landslide, with Labour once again forming the opposition. While the SDP–Liberal Alliance came close to Labour in terms of votes (a share of more than 25%), it only had 23 MPs compared to Labour's 209. The Alliance's support was spread out across the country, and

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and although his government was defeated, he achieved his objective of virtually wiping the Liberals out as many more radical voters now moved to Labour whilst moderate middle-class Liberal voters concerned about socialism moved to the Conservatives. The Liberals were reduced to a mere forty seats in

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about the prospect of a Labour government and comparatively little about a Liberal government, even though it could have plausibly presented an experienced team of ministers compared to Labour's almost complete lack of experience as well as offering a middle ground that could obtain support from both

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attitudes of traditional Liberals. in 1915–16 he had insisted on conscription of young men into the Army, a position that deeply troubled his old colleagues. That brought him and a few like-minded Liberals into the new coalition on the ground long occupied by Conservatives. There was no more planning

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The middle-class business, professional and intellectual communities were generally strongholds, although some old aristocratic families played important roles as well. The working-class element was moving rapidly toward the newly emerging Labour Party. One uniting element was widespread agreement on

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If there be any party which is more pledged than another to resist a policy of restrictive legislation, having for its object social coercion, that party is the Liberal party. (Cheers.) But liberty does not consist in making others do what you think right, (Hear, hear.) The difference between a free

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The Unionists, by and large, regarded Germany as a dangerous rival, and rejoiced at the chance to destroy her. They meant to fight a hard-headed war by ruthless methods; they condemned Liberal 'softness' before the war and now. The Liberals insisted on remaining high-minded. Many of them had come to

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Notable as the Gladstonian reforms had been, they had almost all remained within the nineteenth-century Liberal tradition of gradually removing the religious, economic, and political barriers that prevented men of varied creeds and classes from exercising their individual talents in order to improve

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Share of the vote received by Conservatives (blue), Whigs/Liberals/Liberal Democrats (orange), Labour (red) and others (grey) in general elections since 1832 shows that following success as the successor to the Whig party, the party's share of the popular vote plummeted after the First World War as

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Asquith was blamed for the poor British performance in the first year. Since the Liberals ran the war without consulting the Conservatives, there were heavy partisan attacks. However, even Liberal commentators were dismayed by the lack of energy at the top. At the time, public opinion was intensely

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forming a clique dubbed the Liberal Imperialists that supported the government in the prosecution of the war. On the other side, more radical members of the party formed a Pro-Boer faction that denounced the conflict and called for an immediate end to hostilities. Quickly rising to prominence among

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A broad range of interventionist reforms were introduced by the 1892–1895 Liberal government. Amongst other measures, standards of accommodation and of teaching in schools were improved, factory inspection was made more stringent, and ministers used their powers to increase the wages and reduce the

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Historically, the aristocracy was divided between Conservatives and Liberals. However, when Gladstone committed to home rule for Ireland, Britain's upper classes largely abandoned the Liberal party, giving the Conservatives a large permanent majority in the House of Lords. Following the Queen, High

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However, the Whig-Radical amalgam could not become a true modern political party while it was dominated by aristocrats and it was not until the departure of the "Two Terrible Old Men", Russell and Palmerston, that Gladstone could become the first leader of the modern Liberal Party. This was brought

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is that the British people were so deeply divided over numerous issues, but on all sides, there was growing distrust of the Asquith government. There was no agreement whatsoever on wartime issues. The leaders of the two parties realized that embittered debates in Parliament would further undermine

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reports that after 1886, the main Liberal Party was deserted by practically the entire whig peerage and the great majority of the upper-class and upper-middle-class members. High prestige London clubs that had a Liberal base were deeply split. Ensor notes that, "London society, following the known

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The 1915 coalition fell apart at the end of 1916, when the Conservatives withdrew their support from Asquith and gave it instead to Lloyd George, who became prime minister at the head of a new coalition largely made up of Conservatives. Asquith and his followers moved to the opposition benches in

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used the natural discontent of the people with the poverty and precariousness of the means of subsistence as a motive power to win for them a better, more influential, and more honourable status in the citizenship of their native land. The new Liberalism, while pursuing this great political ideal

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Although still partially informed by older Liberal concerns for character, self-reliance, and the capitalist market, this legislation nevertheless, marked a significant shift in Liberal approaches to the state and social reform, approaches that later governments would slowly expand and that would

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The political strength of Dissent faded sharply after 1920 with the secularisation of British society in the 20th century. The rise of the Labour Party reduced the Liberal Party strongholds into the nonconformist and remote "Celtic Fringe", where the party survived by an emphasis on localism and

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the Liberals won barely a third of the vote and only a quarter of the seats in the House of Commons as many radical voters abandoned the divided Liberals and went over to Labour. In 1922, Labour became the official opposition. A reunion of the two warring factions took place in 1923 when the new

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revealed English radicals to be against the bill also. Among the Liberal rank and file, several Gladstonian candidates disowned the bill, reflecting fears at the constituency level that the interests of the working people were being sacrificed to finance a costly rescue operation for the landed

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was increasingly dominated by the Conservative Party, which finally ousted him as prime minister in 1922. The subsequent Liberal collapse was quick and catastrophic. With 400 MPs elected in the 1906 election; they had only 40 in 1924. Their share of the popular vote plunged from 49% to 18%. The

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in most of these governments. The formal foundation of the Liberal Party is traditionally traced to 1859 when the remaining Peelites, Radicals and Whigs agreed to vote down the incumbent Conservative government. This meeting was held at the Willis' rooms in London on 6 June 1859. This led to

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The 1906 general election also represented a shift to the left by the Liberal Party. According to Rosemary Rees, almost half of the Liberal MPs elected in 1906 were supportive of the 'New Liberalism' (which advocated government action to improve people's lives),) while claims were made that

4233:. Immediately after the election the two groups reunited, though Lloyd George declined to play much of a formal role in his old party. Over the next ten years there would be further defections as MPs deserted to either the Liberal Nationals or Labour. Yet there were a few recruits, such as 4140:, which might have been expected to respond the most to the radical economic policies of the Liberals, instead gave the party its worst results. By contrast, most of the party's seats were won either due to the absence of a candidate from one of the other parties or in rural areas on the 3446:

in terms of education and taxation. However, the non-conformists were losing support amid society at large and played a lesser role in party affairs after 1900. The party, furthermore, also included Irish Catholics, and secularists from the labour movement. Many Conservatives (including

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The last majority Liberal Government in Britain was elected in 1906. The years preceding the First World War were marked by worker strikes and civil unrest and saw many violent confrontations between civilians and the police and armed forces. Other issues of the period included

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but made most of its gains from Conservatives whilst losing ground to Labour—a sign of the party's direction for many years to come. The party remained the third largest in the House of Commons, but the Conservatives had lost their majority. There was much speculation and fear

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The late nineteenth century saw the emergence of New Liberalism within the Liberal Party, which advocated state intervention as a means of guaranteeing freedom and removing obstacles to it such as poverty and unemployment. The policies of the New Liberalism are now known as

4749:. However the Dissenters were a major voting bloc in many areas, such as the East Midlands. They were very well organised and highly motivated and largely won over the Whigs and Liberals to their cause. Down to the 1830s, Dissenters demanded removal of 3232:, along with the last of the Whigs, Hartington, opposed it. The Irish Home Rule bill proposed to offer all owners of Irish land a chance to sell to the state at a price equal to 20 years' purchase of the rents and allowing tenants to purchase the land. 3712:

at the Board of Trade. Campbell-Bannerman retired in 1908 and died soon after. He was succeeded by Asquith, who stepped up the government's radicalism. Lloyd George succeeded Asquith at the Exchequer and was in turn succeeded at the Board of Trade by

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One government that is often seen as an example of 'reforming' by introducing positive changes that really improve peoples' lives is the Liberal government in Britain of 1906–1914. Many historians label this period the beginning of the welfare state

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of all parties, which passed a budget to deal with the financial crisis. When few Labour MPs backed the National government, it became clear that the Conservatives had the clear majority of government supporters. They then forced MacDonald to call a

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The Liberal Party might have survived a short war, but the totality of the Great War called for measures that the Party had long rejected. The result was the permanent destruction of the ability of the Liberal Party to lead a government. Historian

3072:, were suited to a developing capitalist society, but they could not respond effectively as economic and social conditions changed. Called the "Grand Old Man" later in life, Gladstone was always a dynamic popular orator who appealed strongly to the 2934:

led eventually to the development of a systematic middle-class liberalism and the end of Whiggery, although for many years reforming aristocrats held senior positions in the party. In the years after Grey's retirement, the party was led first by

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still held firm: respectability; a government of aristocrats and gentlemen now influenced not only by middle-class merchants and manufacturers but also by industrious working people; a prosperity that seemed to rest largely on the tenets of

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was passed by agreement between the parties), Gladstone won a huge victory at the 1868 election and formed the first Liberal government. The establishment of the party as a national membership organisation came with the foundation of the

3656:. This intrigue finally led Harcourt and Morley to resign their positions in 1898 as they continued to be at loggerheads with Rosebery over Irish home rule and issues relating to imperialism. Replacing Harcourt as party leader was Sir 4148:, but this support was to prove bitterly divisive as the Liberals increasingly divided between those seeking to gain what Liberal goals they could achieve, those who preferred a Conservative government to a Labour one and vice versa. 4136:, gaining 17% of the vote, but won no seats. Nationally the Liberals gained ground, but once again it was at the Conservatives' expense whilst also losing seats to Labour. Indeed, the urban areas of the country suffering heavily from 3374:

Gladstone finally retired in 1894. Gladstone's support for Home Rule deeply divided the party, and it lost its upper and upper-middle-class base, while keeping support among Protestant nonconformists and the Celtic fringe. Historian

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he Liberals were traditionally the party of freedom of speech, conscience and trade. They were against jingoism, heavy armaments and compulsion. Liberals were neither wholehearted nor unanimous about conscription, censorship, the

3451:) had recently protested against high tariff moves by the Conservatives by switching to the anti-tariff Liberal camp, but it was unclear how many old Conservative traits they brought along, especially on military and naval issues. 3076:

and to the lower middle class. Deeply religious, Gladstone brought a new moral tone to politics, with his evangelical sensibility and his opposition to aristocracy. His moralism often angered his upper-class opponents (including

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Blake further notes that it was the Liberals, not the Conservatives who needed the moral outrage of Belgium to justify going to war, while the Conservatives called for intervention from the start of the crisis on the grounds of

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support the war only when the Germans invaded Belgium. Entering the war for idealistic motives, the Liberals wished to fight it by noble means and found it harder to abandon their principles than to endure defeat in the field.

3295:, major extension of factory regulation and various democratic political reforms. The Programme had a strong appeal to the nonconformist middle-class Liberal element, which felt liberated by the departure of the aristocracy. 3911:

The fact that the Government has not dared to challenge the nation to rise above itself, is one among many signs. The war is, in fact, not being taken seriously. How can any slacker be blamed when the Government itself is

3792:(whose result was little changed from that in January) before he agreed, if necessary, to create hundreds of Liberals peers. Faced with that threat, the Lords voted to give up their veto power and allowed the passage of the 3107:

As prime minister from 1868 to 1874, Gladstone headed a Liberal Party which was a coalition of Peelites like himself, Whigs and Radicals. He was now a spokesman for "peace, economy and reform". One major achievement was the

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with unflinching energy, devotes a part of its endeavour also to the removing of the immediate causes of discontent. It is true that man cannot live by bread alone. It is equally true that a man cannot live without bread.

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Lloyd George remained a Liberal all his life, but he abandoned many standard Liberal principles in his crusade to win the war at all costs. He insisted on strong government controls over business as opposed to the

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The Liberals languished in opposition for a decade while the coalition of Salisbury and Chamberlain held power. The 1890s were marred by infighting between the three principal successors to Gladstone, party leader

4546:, the Alliance's share of the votes fell slightly and it now had 22 MPs. In the election's aftermath Steel proposed a merger of the two parties. Most SDP members voted in favour of the merger, but SDP leader 3061:

For the next thirty years Gladstone and Liberalism were synonymous. William Gladstone served as prime minister four times (1868–74, 1880–85, 1886, and 1892–94). His financial policies, based on the notion of

3241:élite. Further, Home Rule had not been promised in the Liberals' election manifesto, and so the impression was given that Gladstone was buying Irish support in a rather desperate manner to hold on to power. 4180:

opposed the Liberal Party's support for the minority Labour government. They preferred to reach an accommodation with the Conservatives. In 1931 MacDonald's Labour government fell apart in response to the

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The Liberal Party lacked a unified ideological base in 1906. It contained numerous contradictory and hostile factions, such as imperialists and supporters of the Boers; near-socialists and laissez-faire

4440:(PR) and a change of prime minister. The former was unacceptable to Heath's cabinet and the latter to Heath personally, so the talks collapsed. Instead, a minority Labour government was formed under 4296:, Sinclair and many of his colleagues lost their seats to both Conservatives and Labour and the party returned just 12 MPs to Westminster, but this was just the beginning of the decline. In 4436:

if he would join a coalition government with Heath. Thorpe was personally in favour of it, but the party insisted it would only agree pending a clear government commitment to introducing

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against Turkey. Reluctant to face doom in an election, Asquith formed a new coalition government on 25 May, with the majority of the new cabinet coming from his own Liberal party and the

3788:. Although the Lords now passed the budget, the government wished to curtail their power to block legislation. Asquith was required by King George V to fight a second general election in 2207: 3997:

instantly tripled the number of people entitled to vote in Britain from seven to twenty-one million. The Labour Party benefited most from this huge change in the electorate, forming its

2970:, who represented the manufacturing towns which had gained representation under the Reform Act. They favoured social reform, personal liberty, reducing the powers of the Crown and the 10446: 6715: 4120:

Asquith finally resigned as Liberal leader in 1926 (he died in 1928). Lloyd George, now party leader, began a drive to produce coherent policies on many key issues of the day. In the

278: 4269:, arguing that intervention was needed, in contrast to the Labour calls for pacifism. Despite the party's weaknesses, Sinclair gained a high profile as he sought to recall the 2874: 11364: 4307:

In 1957, this total fell to five when one of the Liberal MPs died and the subsequent by-election was lost to the Labour Party, which selected the former Liberal Deputy Leader

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and the Liberals were left with just six MPs and all but one of them were aided by the fact that the Conservatives refrained from fielding candidates in those constituencies.

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as its own candidate. The Liberal Party seemed close to extinction. During this low period, it was often joked that Liberal MPs could hold meetings in the back of one taxi.

3936:, along with a token Labour representation. The new government lasted a year and a half and was the last time Liberals controlled the government. The analysis of historian 3842:) an opt out from Home Rule for six years (i.e., until after two more general elections were likely to have taken place) but the Nationalists refused to agree to permanent 10503: 2797:, its share of the vote fell below 23% and the Liberals and the SDP merged in 1988 to form the Social and Liberal Democrats (SLD), who the following year were renamed the 2808:

The Liberals were a coalition with diverse positions on major issues and no unified national policy. This made them repeatedly liable to deep splits, such as that of the

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Lloyd George was increasingly under the influence of the rejuvenated Conservative party who numerically dominated the coalition. In 1922, the Conservative backbenchers

3005:(but not Peel himself, who died soon after) aligned to the Liberal side on the issue of free trade. This allowed ministries led by Russell, Palmerston and the Peelite 4280:, the last British Liberal to hold Cabinet rank office for seventy years. However, it was a sign of the party's lack of importance that they were not included in the 3827:

descent. Government plans to deploy troops into Ulster had to be cancelled after the threat of mass resignation of their commissions by army officers in March 1914 (

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has argued that the multiplicity of crises in 1910 to 1914, political and industrial, so weakened the Liberal coalition before the war broke out that it marked the

11851: 4133: 3865: 4359: 4137: 3544:. The new money was to be made available for new welfare programmes as well as new battleships. In 1911 Lloyd George succeeded in putting through Parliament his 929: 3803:

in 1912. Since the House of Lords no longer had the power to block the bill, but only to delay it for two years, it was due to become law in 1914. The Unionist

4432:. The Liberals obtained 6.1 million votes, the most it would ever achieve, and now held the balance of power in the Commons. Conservatives offered Thorpe the 3897:

and the balance of power. However, Lloyd George and Churchill were zealous supporters of the war, and gradually forced the old peace-orientated Liberals out.

3256:. There was a final weak Gladstone ministry in 1892, but it also was dependent on Irish support and failed to get Irish Home Rule through the House of Lords. 11876: 11776: 11204: 11035: 9245: 7558: 6730: 4800:

formed the National Passive Resistance Committee and by 1906 over 170 Nonconformists had gone to prison for refusing to pay school taxes. They included 60

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In foreign policy, Gladstone was in general against foreign entanglements, but he did not resist the realities of imperialism. For example, he ordered the

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Häusermann, Silja, Georg Picot, and Dominik Geering. "Review article: Rethinking party politics and the welfare state–recent advances in the literature".

7435: 1971: 238: 9251: 2903:. Although their motives in this were originally to gain more power for themselves, the more idealistic Whigs gradually came to support an expansion of 11871: 4838: 4826: 4365:

The new middle-class suburban generation began to find the Liberals' policies attractive again. Under Grimond (who retired in 1967) and his successor,

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to allow the Liberals to oppose the introduction of tariffs. Later in 1932 the Liberals resigned their ministerial posts over the introduction of the

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Acts. These Acts excluded Nonconformists from holding civil or military office or attending Oxford or Cambridge, compelling them to set up their own

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hostile, both in the media and in the street, against any young man in civilian garb and labeled as a slacker. The leading Liberal newspaper, the

4850: 4124:, he made a final bid to return the Liberals to the political mainstream, with an ambitious programme of state stimulation of the economy called 2692: 361: 9198:

Proceedings in Connection with the Annual Meeting of the National Liberal Federation with the Annual Report By National Liberal Federation, 1881

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won a plurality of votes cast, but the Labour Party gained a plurality of seats. The Conservatives were unable to form a government due to the

3092:. His goal was to create a European order based on co-operation rather than conflict and on mutual trust instead of rivalry and suspicion; the 6638:. The Independent Liberals rejoined the Liberals after 1935. The National Liberals became allied with and eventually joined the Conservatives. 4448:, the Liberals total vote slipped back slightly (and declined in each of the next three) and the Labour government won a wafer-thin majority. 3692:

in their history. This would prove the last time the Liberals won a majority in their own right. Although he presided over a large majority,

9203: 6344: 5674: 4417: 3789: 3304: 1996: 1966: 9240:

The Government's record, 1906–1913 : seven years of Liberal legislation and administration By Liberal Publication Dept. (Great Britain)

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Michael Fry, "Political Change in Britain, August 1914 to December 1916: Lloyd George Replaces Asquith: The Issues Underlying the Drama".

6710: 6383: 5630: 5152: 5147: 5142: 4580:. Only one of the twelve Liberal candidates in 2024 achieved 5% or more of the votes, resulting in all bar that one losing their deposits. 4445: 3777: 2671: 2048: 11122: 10906: 9418: 9402: 9169: 3117: 247: 8612: 11856: 11329: 11239: 11234: 11229: 11224: 11219: 11214: 11209: 11067: 9714: 9690: 9682: 9466: 9327: 4935: 4898: 4880: 4874: 3701: 3669: 2877: 2761:

and Lloyd George led a coalition that replaced him in late 1916. However, Asquith remained as Liberal Party leader. The split between

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collectivists," and much legislation was pushed through by the Liberals in government. This included the regulation of working hours,

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c. 75), which provided England with an adequate system of elementary schools for the first time. He also secured the abolition of the

10788: 9343: 4947: 4765: 4577: 4257:. With many traditional domestic Liberal policies now regarded as irrelevant, he focused the party on opposition to both the rise of 4033: 3688:

Campbell-Bannerman was able to rally the party around the traditional liberal platform of free trade and land reform and led them to

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on the Irish issue. It collaborated with and eventually merged into the Conservative party. The Gladstonian liberals in 1891 adopted

3048: 2001: 1121: 381: 7681: 7620: 7552: 4079:

committed his party to protective tariffs, causing the Liberals to reunite in support of free trade. The party gained ground in the

4036:. Asquith, who had appointed MacLean, remained as overall Leader of the Liberal Party even though he lost his seat in 1918. Asquith 3325:

not to come till 1906, many trade unions allied themselves with the Liberals. In areas with working class majorities, in particular

11085: 10159: 10135: 9434: 9359: 5508: 4400:

to the new Liverpool Metropolitan Borough Council in 1973. On 26 July 1973, the party won two by-elections on the same day, in the

3419: 2391: 4721:

After nearly becoming extinct in the 1940s and the 1950s, the Liberal Party revived its fortunes somewhat under the leadership of

3620: 9591: 9520: 3040: 1981: 994: 11324: 11319: 10968: 10254: 10249: 9458: 8937:

Rossi, John P. “The Transformation of the British Liberal Party: A Study of the Tactics of the Liberal Opposition, 1874–1880.”

4868: 4182: 2931: 2470: 9221: 9173: 4636:

Liberal Prime Minister William Gladstone). The Liberal Party favoured social reform, personal liberty, reducing the powers of

4557:

in October 1989. Over two-thirds of Liberal members joined the merged party, along with all sitting MPs. Steel and SDP leader

3018:

about by Palmerston's death in 1865 and Russell's retirement in 1868. After a brief Conservative government (during which the

2958:

As early as 1839, Russell had adopted the name of "Liberals", but in reality, his party was a loose coalition of Whigs in the

11426: 10191: 10031: 9706: 9442: 9426: 8282: 8004: 7575: 6809: 6775: 6648: 6597: 6580: 4892: 4856: 4844: 4796:, which integrated Church of England denominational schools into the state system and provided for their support from taxes. 3994: 2515: 2309: 2088: 9057: 4553:

In March 1988, the Liberal Party and Social Democratic Party merged to create the Social and Liberal Democrats, renamed the

11721: 11408: 10848: 10669: 10103: 9823: 8100: 8082: 8064: 6509: 6466: 6422: 6300: 6261: 6222: 6178: 6139: 6097: 6053: 6009: 5966: 5919: 5875: 5836: 5794: 5755: 5713: 5591: 5547: 5503: 5464: 5422: 5378: 5334: 5293: 5249: 5205: 4701: 4653: 4603: 4543: 4535: 4505: 4301: 4297: 4293: 4250: 4226: 4191: 4186: 4161: 4121: 4105: 4080: 4071: 4067: 4045: 4013: 3964: 3689: 3645: 3593: 3388: 3245: 3237: 3213: 3187: 3167: 2994: 2794: 2790: 2728: 2724: 2341: 2202: 2150: 2145: 919: 426: 8307: 11649: 11402: 11374: 10451: 10392: 10175: 10007: 9863: 9722: 9583: 9512: 9493: 4987: 4904: 4397: 4266: 4213:. Slowly they found this issue to be one they could not support. In early 1932 it was agreed to suspend the principle of 4170: 4029: 3435: 2458: 2170: 2021: 1623: 621: 11841: 11606: 11601: 11586: 11486: 11396: 11102: 9943: 9831: 8519: 8464: 7399: 4024:

wrote a joint letter of support to candidates to indicate they were considered the official Coalition candidates—this "

3664:

soon nearly broke the party apart, with Rosebery and a circle of supporters including important future Liberal figures

3133: 3085: 2381: 2279: 2227: 2165: 2160: 2098: 907: 794: 4202:, decided to contest the elections as part of the government. The bulk of Liberal MPs supported the government, – the 11736: 11726: 11528: 11518: 10803: 10795: 10547: 10539: 10095: 9799: 9698: 8893: 8563: 8423: 8253: 8208: 7944: 7875: 7805: 7736: 7709: 7657: 7630: 7324: 7109: 6623: 6132: 6001: 5114: 4886: 4214: 4203: 4157: 3968: 3583: 3369: 3326: 3137: 2868: 2817: 2762: 2386: 2011: 1766: 3888:, severity toward aliens and pacifists, direction of labour and industry. The Conservatives had no such misgivings. 11596: 11390: 11369: 11303: 9847: 9791: 9311: 9272: 9197: 9007:

Tregidga, Garry. “Turning of the Tide? A Case Study of the Liberal Party in Provincial Britain in the Late 1930s.”

8698:

Hughes, K. M. “A Political Party and Education: Reflections on the Liberal Party's Educational Policy, 1867–1902.”

6700: 6584: 5164: 4781: 4750: 4673:

By the early 20th century, the Liberals stance began to shift towards "New Liberalism", what would today be called

4589: 4340: 3852: 3224:

as the price of support for a continued Gladstone ministry. Gladstone personally supported Home Rule, but a strong

2747: 2664: 2421: 389: 193: 17: 30:

This article is about the former British Liberal Party. For the party formed by the 1988 merger with the SDP, see

11846: 11731: 11696: 11314: 11134: 11128: 10889: 10841: 10748: 10682: 10183: 8481: 6690: 6631: 5120: 4785: 4230: 4195: 4055:

against the continuation of the coalition, citing, in particular, Lloyd George's plan for war with Turkey in the

3811:, launched a campaign of opposition that included the threat of a provisional government and armed resistance in 3549: 3400: 2884: 2858: 2812:

in 1886 (they eventually joined the Conservative Party); the faction of labour union members that joined the new

2700: 2448: 1353: 829: 366: 8899:

Poe, William A. “Conservative Nonconformists: Religious Leaders and the Liberal Party in Yorkshire/Lancashire.”

470: 11611: 10698: 10441: 10055: 9983: 9895: 9758: 9450: 9410: 8856: 7980: 6725: 6695: 6627: 4862: 4832: 4769: 4040:

and resumed leadership. Between 1919 and 1923, the anti-Lloyd George Liberals were called Asquithian Liberals,

3512:

After the historic 1906 victory, the Liberal Party introduced multiple reforms on a range of issues, including

2820:; and a three-way split in 1931. Many prominent intellectuals were active in the party, including philosopher 1816: 1385: 924: 356: 116: 67: 7431: 3528:. Some proposals failed, such as licensing fewer pubs, or rolling back Conservative educational policies. The 11432: 11420: 11414: 10557: 9839: 9599: 9367: 6600:

in which all men over 21 and most women over the age of 30 could vote and therefore a much larger electorate.

4742: 4645: 4319:

Through the 1950s and into the 1960s the Liberals survived only because a handful of constituencies in rural

3431: 3350:

themselves and their society. As the third quarter of the century drew to a close, the essential bastions of

3109: 3009:

to hold office for most of the 1850s and 1860s. A leading Peelite was William Gladstone, who was a reforming

2975: 2926:

The Reform Act was the climax of Whiggism, but it also brought about the Whigs' demise. The admission of the

2294: 2274: 9239: 8774:

Lubenow, W. C. “Irish Home Rule and the Social Basis of the Great Separation in the Liberal Party in 1886.”

8245:

Encyclopedia of British and Irish Political Organizations: Parties, Groups and Movements of the 20th Century

2329: 11756: 11654: 10605: 8741: 5959: 4962: 4708:, although by this stage the Liberals had declined to third-party status. The Liberals as expressed in the 4524: 4401: 4096:

it lost votes to the new Labour party and fractured into groups such as the National and Coalition Liberals

3998: 3693: 3318: 2786: 824: 460: 184: 7084:

Peter Fraser, "The Liberal Unionist Alliance: Chamberlain, Hartington, and the Conservatives, 1886–1904."

3182:

foreign policy and in 1880 he conducted the first outdoor mass-election campaign in Britain, known as the

3178:, but he soon changed his mind and returned to active politics. He strongly disagreed with Disraeli's pro- 11881: 11836: 11502: 11438: 11052: 11043: 10498: 10330: 10047: 9746: 9265: 9132: 7391: 4922: 4472: 4437: 3024: 3010: 2916: 2657: 2319: 1896: 1363: 1257: 987: 416: 401: 8662: 7649:

Britain And the Iranian Constitutional Revolution of 1906–1911: Foreign Policy, Imperialism, And Dissent

6902: 4508:, placing the Labour Party back in opposition, which served to push the Liberals back into the margins. 3941:

popular morale and so the House of Commons did not once discuss the war before May 1915. Taylor argues:

1786: 11460: 11091: 11079: 10384: 10357: 8792:

MacAllister, Iain, et al., "Yellow fever? The political geography of Liberal voting in Great Britain,"

8534: 4348: 4277: 3869: 3288: 2758: 2371: 2036: 1821: 1503: 1348: 819: 498: 8398:

David L. Wykes, "Introduction: Parliament and Dissent from the Restoration to the Twentieth Century",

3764:, I smell the blood of a plutocrat. Be he alive or be he dead, I'll grind his bones to make my bread," 11455: 10552: 10298: 9999: 9967: 9959: 9730: 8441:

Iain MacAllister et al., "Yellow fever? The political geography of Liberal voting in Great Britain",

5065: 4910: 4809: 4789: 4754: 4569: 4037: 3876: 3785: 3619:

threatens duties on consumer items which had been removed by Gladstone (in the picture on the wall);

3217: 2864: 2793:, the Alliance won over a quarter of the vote, but won only 23 of the 650 seats it contested. At the 2482: 2376: 1986: 1776: 1456: 1442: 726: 9252:

The Age of Lloyd George The Liberal Party and British Politics, 1890–1929 By Kenneth O. Morgan, 2021

8485: 4576:'. Meadowcroft joined the Liberal Democrats in 2007, but the Liberal Party as reconstituted in 1989 475: 11811: 11761: 11536: 11481: 10811: 10611: 10306: 10290: 10111: 9375: 9186:

Liberal Magazine A Periodical for the Use of Liberal Speakers, Writers and Canvassers Volume 1 1893

8351: 6518: 6475: 5552: 4916: 4797: 4758: 4677:, namely a belief in personal liberty with a support for government intervention to provide social 4573: 4495: 4487: 3885: 3657: 3284: 3199: 3174:

during a sharp economic recession. He formally resigned as Liberal leader and was succeeded by the

2802: 2782: 2777:

By the 1950s, the party had won as few as six seats at general elections. Apart from a few notable

2731: 2269: 2254: 2120: 2016: 1267: 1074: 233: 224: 149: 35: 1871: 1756: 11676: 11549: 11465: 10704: 10063: 9631: 9351: 9335: 5327: 4792:, all the Nonconformists elected to Parliament were Liberals. Nonconformists were angered by the 4370: 4289: 3933: 3464: 3356: 3280: 3125: 2986: 2739: 2696: 2574: 2453: 2396: 2284: 2249: 2108: 2063: 1976: 1811: 1201: 1166: 1047: 701: 681: 523: 443: 131: 9111: 9103: 7467:

Gilbert, Bentley Brinkerhoff (1976). "David Lloyd George: Land, the Budget, and Social Reform".

4511:

In 1981, defectors from a moderate faction of the Labour Party, led by former Cabinet ministers

3152: 1653: 11711: 11545: 10864: 10783: 10624: 10508: 10400: 10338: 9228:

Leaflets published by the Liberal Publication Department for the General Election of 1906, 1906

7968: 6705: 5007: 4629: 4610:

During the 19th century, the Liberal Party was broadly in favour of what would today be called

4554: 4491: 4409: 4254: 3747: 3705: 3673: 3545: 3517: 3276: 3253: 3096:

was to supplant the reign of force and self-interest. This Gladstonian concept of a harmonious

3044: 2809: 2798: 2487: 2463: 2431: 2401: 2366: 2361: 2336: 2197: 2115: 1991: 1961: 1186: 980: 799: 421: 210: 144: 31: 8243: 8198: 6799: 6765: 4784:

tended to be in favour of these Acts and so the Nonconformist cause was linked closely to the

3275:

took a major element of upper-class supporters out of the Party and into a third party called

2919:. After decades in opposition, the Whigs returned to power under Grey in 1830 and carried the 11691: 11669: 10594: 10365: 8709:

Jenkins, Roy. "From Gladstone to Asquith: The Late Victorian Pattern of Liberal Leadership,"

8413: 8129:"The strange death of Tory Liverpool: Conservative electoral decline in Liverpool, 1945–1996" 7865: 7795: 7314: 7195:

Paul A. Readman, "The 1895 general election and political change in late Victorian Britain."

7099: 6998: 4429: 4385:

death in 1962, the party lost five Welsh seats between 1950 and 1966. In September 1966, the

3960: 3314: 3160: 2900: 2892: 2766: 2608: 2530: 2505: 2477: 2436: 2416: 2406: 2351: 2289: 2264: 2180: 2175: 2140: 2125: 2078: 2073: 2068: 2058: 2053: 2006: 1901: 1876: 1866: 1771: 1603: 1588: 1488: 1430: 968: 900: 431: 285: 161: 9070: 7533: 7260:

G. I. T. Machin, "Gladstone and Nonconformity in the 1860s: The Formation of an Alliance."

6681: 4594: 4335:, local Liberals and Conservatives agreed to each contest only one of the town's two seats. 1746: 465: 11766: 11686: 11621: 11553: 10743: 10722: 10653: 10617: 9903: 9807: 8821:

Machin, G. I. T. "Gladstone and Nonconformity in the 1860s: The Formation of an Alliance."

7026:

Goodlad, Graham D. (1989). "The Liberal Party and Gladstone's Land Purchase Bill of 1886".

6824: 4956: 4801: 4777: 4773: 4611: 4578:

continues to hold council seats and field candidates in Westminster Parliamentary elections

4531: 4052: 4025: 3921: 3843: 3404: 3329:

areas, Lib-Lab candidates were popular, and they received sponsorship and endorsement from

3121: 2596: 2411: 2356: 2346: 2324: 2304: 2299: 2259: 2244: 2222: 2185: 2135: 2093: 2083: 2043: 1563: 1528: 1437: 1390: 1235: 1109: 1104: 1099: 1042: 912: 895: 593: 528: 300: 206: 8723:

Jenkins, T. A. “Gladstone, the Whigs and the Leadership of the Liberal Party, 1879–1880.”

7890:

Kenneth O. Morgan, "7 December 1916: Asquith, Lloyd George and the Crisis of Liberalism."

7674: 3660:. Harcourt's resignation briefly muted the turmoil in the party, but the beginning of the 2899:. The Whigs were in favour of reducing the power of the Crown and increasing the power of 1553: 1027: 8: 11541: 10816: 10513: 9222:

Five Years of Liberal Policy and Conservative Opposition By George Charles Brodrick, 1874

8948:

Rossi, John P. “English Catholics, the Liberal Party, and the General Election of 1880.”

8864: 6890:

Liberal intellectuals and public culture in modern Britain, 1815-1914: making words flesh

4710: 4565: 4451:

Thorpe was subsequently forced to resign after allegations that he attempted to have his

4386: 4270: 4237:, who had deserted to the National Liberals in 1931 but now returned to the party during 4222: 4129: 3986: 3903: 3824: 3800: 3793: 3265: 3183: 2888: 2825: 2591: 2239: 2212: 2155: 2103: 1886: 1658: 1598: 1548: 1321: 1240: 1181: 1114: 1084: 1079: 1052: 1011: 776: 771: 711: 588: 533: 513: 455: 448: 177: 9233: 9210:

Annual Report Presented at a Meeting of the Council By National Liberal Federation, 1887

9150: 9141: 8283:"Education Scotland – Higher Bitesize Revision – History – Liberal – Impact: Revision 1" 4276:

In 1940, they joined Churchill's wartime coalition government, with Sinclair serving as

4209:

The official Liberals found themselves a tiny minority within a government committed to

3611:) abandons his commitment to old age pensions after failing to reach agreement with the 3236:

reaction was mixed, Unionist opinion was hostile, and the election addresses during the

2774:

absorbed most of the ex-Liberal voters and now became the Conservatives' main rival.

11664: 10119: 9991: 9767: 9615: 9504: 9123: 9023: 8799:

McEwen, John M. “The Liberal Party and the Irish Question during the First World War.”

8669: 8601: 8034: 8017: 7846: 7838: 7484: 7384: 7295: 7134: 7051: 7043: 7006: 6720: 6610: 6014: 5880: 5074: 5056: 5001: 4995: 4793: 4746: 4686: 4625: 4530:

However, the Alliance was overtaken in the polls by the Tories in the aftermath of the

4389:

formed their own state party, moving the Liberal Party into a fully federal structure.

4308: 4199: 3929: 3847: 3816: 3769: 3751: 3736: 3709: 3682: 3636: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3604: 3588: 3565: 3533: 3529: 3494: 3486: 3468: 3443: 3411: 3272: 3229: 3089: 2751: 2314: 2217: 2130: 1926: 1861: 1761: 1316: 1296: 1133: 721: 9227: 4788:, who advocated civil and religious liberty. After the Test and Corporation Acts were 4355:. There, the Liberals won a seat in the London suburbs for the first time since 1935. 4059:, and his corrupt sale of honours. He resigned as prime minister and was succeeded by 2978:), avoidance of war and foreign alliances (which were bad for business) and above all 1578: 11110: 10322: 9935: 9815: 9216:

Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Council By National Liberal Federation, 1895

8889: 8872: 8852: 8844: 8559: 8543:

Clarke, P. F. "The Electoral Position of the Liberal and Labour Parties, 1910–1914."

8515: 8460: 8419: 8249: 8224: 8204: 8169: 8150: 8000: 7976: 7871: 7850: 7801: 7732: 7705: 7653: 7626: 7571: 7395: 7320: 7208:

Ian Packer, "The great Liberal landslide: the 1906 General Election in perspective."

7153: 7105: 7055: 6805: 6771: 5828: 5747: 5383: 5339: 5254: 5210: 4941: 4674: 4641: 4501: 4258: 4218: 4100:

Labour was determined to destroy the Liberals and become the sole party of the left.

3804: 3714: 3537: 3490: 3475: 3448: 3423: 3322: 3271:

Society in London largely ostracized home rulers and Liberal clubs were badly split.

3233: 3171: 3156: 3097: 3019: 2971: 2940: 2912: 2833: 2829: 2813: 2771: 2716: 2633: 1906: 1663: 1593: 1568: 1558: 1538: 1358: 1245: 1176: 1138: 956: 934: 676: 671: 646: 583: 538: 214: 8621:(Jan 1960) 10#1 pp 3–13. A survey of political oratory in Britain from 1730 to 1960. 8504:

The Climax of Liberal Politics: British Liberalism in Theory and Practice, 1868–1918

7247:

Nabil M. Kaylani, "Liberal Politics and British-Foreign-Office 1906-1912-Overview."

3750:

depicts Lloyd George as a giant with a cudgel labelled "Budget" in reference to his

11741: 11716: 11073: 10988: 10976: 10927: 10753: 10716: 10661: 10529: 10199: 9927: 9879: 9783: 8646:

Goodlad, Graham D. “The Liberal Party and Gladstone's Land Purchase Bill of 1886.”

8140: 7830: 7563: 7547: 7476: 7287: 7035: 5457: 4726: 4558: 4520: 4396:

remained a Liberal stronghold, with the party taking the plurality of seats on the

4229:, just 17 Liberal MPs were elected, along with Lloyd George and three followers as 4145: 4101: 3856:. However, most historians date the collapse to the crisis of the First World War. 3839: 3830: 3812: 3756: 3513: 3427: 3225: 3205: 3113: 3028: 2982:. For a century, free trade remained the one cause which could unite all Liberals. 2920: 2821: 2715:

in the 1850s, by the end of the 19th century, it had formed four governments under

2549: 2542: 1881: 1831: 1796: 1741: 1648: 1633: 1608: 1543: 1513: 1380: 1331: 1306: 1289: 1284: 1218: 1143: 1069: 1057: 867: 751: 741: 736: 696: 661: 518: 508: 346: 8687:

Heyck, Thomas William. “Home Rule, Radicalism, and the Liberal Party, 1886–1895.”

7592: 6622:

Liberal Party split into three prior to the 1931 election. Results do not include

4745:

Protestants have played a major role in English politics. Relatively few MPs were

3244:

The result was a catastrophic split in the Liberal Party, and heavy defeat in the

1801: 11782: 11771: 11681: 11591: 11116: 10921: 10710: 10127: 10087: 10015: 9975: 9951: 9887: 9855: 9215: 9209: 9185: 9179: 8930:

Roberts, Matthew. "The Decline of Liberalism and the Rise of Labour" in Roberts,

8761: 7726: 7699: 7439: 7365: 6567: 4690: 4599: 4464: 4425: 4358:

The Liberals became the first of the major British political parties to advocate

4132:. The Liberal Party stood in Northern Ireland for the first and only time in the 4076: 3990: 3937: 3835: 3781: 3661: 3541: 3221: 3209: 3148: 3141: 3063: 2990: 2944: 2720: 2645: 1941: 1931: 1916: 1836: 1826: 1806: 1698: 1678: 1638: 1613: 1523: 1417: 1405: 1395: 1336: 1196: 1191: 1062: 862: 852: 766: 691: 335: 8117:

Russell Deacon (2011), History of the Welsh Liberal party, Welsh Academic Press.

6853:

Keith Labourn, "The Rise of Labour and the Decline of Liberalism" (1995) p. 207.

4564:

A group of Liberal opponents of the merger with the Social Democrats, including

3838:

broke out in August 1914. Asquith had offered the Six Counties (later to become

11751: 11616: 10738: 10728: 9775: 9528: 8764:. "The rise of Labour and the decline of Liberalism: the state of the debate." 8624:

Fahey, David M. “Temperance and the Liberal Party – Lord Peel's Report, 1899.”

8194: 7567: 7278:

Glaser, John F. (1958). "English Nonconformity and the Decline of Liberalism".

7068: 6058: 5924: 5050: 5013: 4382: 4285: 4273:

and once more revitalise the Liberals as the party of a strong foreign policy.

4234: 4177: 4017: 3925: 3773: 3732: 3678: 3628: 3506: 3502: 3376: 3249: 3179: 3078: 2967: 2959: 2936: 2613: 2586: 2581: 2554: 2510: 1856: 1791: 1643: 1618: 1583: 1533: 1473: 1400: 1301: 1262: 1252: 1126: 1094: 666: 636: 626: 560: 56: 8145: 8128: 7039: 5044: 4572:

as a Liberal), continued with a new party organisation under the name of the '

4481: 4016:, Lloyd George, hailed as "the Man Who Won the War", led his coalition into a 3742: 2723:, the party returned to government in 1905 and won a landslide victory in the 1846: 1668: 11830: 11006: 10915: 10143: 10039: 10023: 9919: 9871: 9544: 9485: 9383: 8492: 8154: 6305: 5635: 5025: 4981: 4968: 4694: 4682: 4633: 4616: 4441: 4413: 4405: 4366: 4210: 4141: 4056: 3976: 3954: 3808: 3761: 3724: 3697: 3665: 3649: 3548:, making provision for sickness and invalidism, and this was followed by his 3525: 3384: 3351: 3147:

Regarding Ireland, the major Liberal achievements were land reform, where he

3129: 3073: 3068: 3006: 2896: 2743: 2735: 2712: 2569: 1891: 1851: 1781: 1751: 1718: 1713: 1693: 1573: 1498: 1410: 1273: 1089: 847: 814: 756: 641: 631: 598: 565: 544: 121: 6962:

R. C. Mowat, "From Liberalism to Imperialism: The Case of Egypt 1875–1887",

5108: 11140: 11024: 11000: 10215: 10071: 6635: 5129: 4714:

now regarded opposition to state intervention as being a characteristic of

4475: 4460: 4421: 4378: 4352: 4332: 4238: 4110: 3321:, roughly corresponding to population patterns. With the foundation of the 2952: 2927: 2603: 1936: 1911: 1841: 1688: 1518: 1508: 1311: 857: 746: 656: 6669:

Popular vote is for SDP-Liberal Alliance, seat total is Liberal component.

6660:

Popular vote is for SDP-Liberal Alliance, seat total is Liberal component.

4733:

alternative to the Conservative and Labour Party governments of the time.

3524:

for elderly workers, thereby laying the groundwork for the future British

2781:

victories, its fortunes did not improve significantly until it formed the

11158: 11061: 10994: 10945: 10897: 10599: 10589: 10167: 9738: 9647: 9560: 7454: 6427: 5092: 5083: 5037: 4512: 4468: 4456: 4433: 4374: 4281: 4262: 4194:. Lloyd George called for the party to leave the National Government but 3685:

and Joseph Chamberlain called for a new system of protectionist tariffs.

3653: 3415: 3330: 3292: 3101: 3093: 2963: 2778: 2689: 1921: 1723: 1708: 1683: 1478: 1463: 1370: 1223: 1171: 706: 686: 651: 555: 550: 503: 9001: 8769: 6966:

16#1 (1973), pp. 109–124 focus on Lord Cromer as a Liberal imperialist.

3993:

movement. After the carnage of 1914–1918, the democratic reforms of the

2948: 2640: 34:. For the Liberal Party formed by those opposed to the 1988 merger, see 11152: 11012: 10982: 10951: 10939: 10933: 10207: 10151: 9911: 9663: 9552: 9536: 9076:

Thompson, J. A. “The Historians and the Decline of the Liberal Party.”

9012: 8953: 8904: 8837: 8826: 8787:

The Liberal Party in Rural England, 1885–1910: Radicalism and Community

8756: 8637:

David Lloyd George: A Political Life: The Architect of Change 1863–1912

8574: 7842: 7675:"The identification of ʻradicalsʼ in the British Parliament, 1906–1914" 7488: 7299: 7265: 7047: 6967: 6183: 5101: 5031: 5019: 4722: 4715: 4657: 4656:, a prominent Liberal politician in the Victorian era, said this about 4621: 4547: 4516: 4452: 4336: 3632: 3599: 2979: 2704: 2559: 2525: 2520: 2190: 1703: 1493: 1468: 1375: 1228: 1208: 1019: 761: 731: 716: 493: 198: 189: 172: 8922: 8815: 8779: 8728: 8681: 8651: 8591: 8548: 7158:

The Age of Lloyd George: Liberal Party and British Politics, 1890–1929

4568:(the former Liberal MP for Leeds West) and Paul Wiggin (who served on 4300:, the general election saw the Liberals return just nine MPs. Another 3481: 3342:

working hours of large numbers of male workers employed by the state.

3309:

A major long-term consequence of the Third Reform Act was the rise of

11164: 9032:

The New Liberalism: Liberal Social Theory in Great Britain, 1889–1914

8971: 8810:

McGill, Barry. “Francis Schnadhorst and Liberal Party Organization.”

8804: 8692: 8641:

David Lloyd George: A Political Life: Organizer of Victory, 1912–1916

8629: 7949:(first ed.). New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce. pp. 290–291 7519:

The New Liberalism: Liberal Social Theory in Great Britain, 1889–1914

4730: 4637: 4428:

MPs refusing to support the Conservatives after the Northern Ireland

4393: 4347:

islands. Under his leadership a Liberal revival began, marked by the

4114: 4060: 4021: 4004: 3820: 3799:

As the price of Irish support, Asquith was now forced to introduce a

3624: 2998: 2904: 2765:

and Asquith's official Liberal faction badly weakened the party. The

2628: 2426: 1628: 1148: 951: 872: 10833: 9163: 8270:

The British Political Tradition. Volume II: The Ideological Heritage

7480: 7291: 2699:, in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Beginning as an alliance of 11018: 10957: 8193: 7834: 4649: 4377:

who both grew as electoral forces from the 1960s onwards. Although

4320: 4041: 3439: 2908: 2564: 2537: 2441: 2232: 1483: 1326: 890: 603: 436: 9081: 8942: 8703: 7995:

Table 2.01 "Summary Results of General Elections 1832–2005 (UK)",

6925:

Democracy and Religion: Gladstone and the Liberal Party, 1867–1875

4091: 3776:

and for which the government obtained an electoral mandate at the

3720: 3631:(who favoured retaliatory tariffs) wearing top hats. The heading " 3359:; and a Britannia that ruled the waves and many a dominion beyond. 11701: 10733: 7418: 4804:, 48 Baptists, 40 Congregationalists and 15 Wesleyan Methodists. 4678: 3521: 3310: 3002: 2997:

was short because the Conservatives split over the repeal of the

2708: 1673: 1279: 1213: 809: 126: 9257: 4327:

clung to their Liberal traditions, whilst in two English towns,

4166: 9172:

of the Liberal Party papers (mostly dating from after 1945) at

4681:. This shift was best exemplified by the Liberal government of 4328: 3220:

held the balance of power in the House of Commons and demanded

3053: 1343: 279:

International Entente of Radical and Similar Democratic Parties

165: 8996:

Thorpe, Andrew. "Labour Leaders and the Liberals, 1906–1924",

8910:

Pugh, Martin D. "Asquith, Bonar Law and the First Coalition."

8832:

McCready, H. W. “Home Rule and the Liberal Party, 1899–1906.”

6716:

List of United Kingdom Whig and allied party leaders (1801–59)

4768:, Baptists, Congregationalists and Unitarians, had formed the 4539:

was not concentrated in enough areas to translate into seats.

3951:

Parliament and the Liberal Party was deeply split once again.

8676:

Hazlehurst, Cameron. "Asquith as Prime Minister, 1908–1916,"

7999:, by Colin Rallings and Michael Thrasher, 7th edition, 2007, 6797: 4324: 2873: 27:

Major political party in the United Kingdom from 1859 to 1988

8886:

The Rise and Fall of Liberal Government in Victorian Britain

8851:, British Prime Ministers, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 8751:

Kellas, James G. “The Liberal Party in Scotland 1876–1895.”

8387:

The Nonconformist Conscience: Chapel and Politics, 1870–1914

7316:

The Conservative Party and Anglo-German Relations, 1905–1914

7101:

A Short History of the Liberal Party: The Road Back to Power

8569:

Cregier, Don M. "The Murder of the British Liberal Party,"

7127:

Access to History, Government and Reform: Britain 1815–1918

6995:

Access to History, Government and Reform: Britain 1815–1918

5045:

Deputy Leaders of the Liberal Party in the House of Commons

4772:

and agitated for repeal of the highly restrictive Test and

4482:

Alliance, Liberal Democrats and reconstituted Liberal Party

4288:, a group which called for liberal candidates to break the 3834:). Ireland seemed to be on the brink of civil war when the 3190:. Hartington ceded his place and Gladstone resumed office. 8966:

Searle, G. R. “The Edwardian Liberal Party and Business.”

7821:

McGill, Barry (1967). "Asquith's Predicament, 1914–1918".

6936:

H. C. G. Matthew, "Gladstone, William Ewart (1809–1898)",

4929: 3955:

Lloyd George as a Liberal heading a Conservative coalition

3442:

fold – were a powerful element, dedicated to opposing the

8917:

Pugh, Martin. “The Liberal Party and the Popular Front.”

5136: 5109:

Deputy Leaders of the Liberal Party in the House of Lords

3819:

had the full support of the Conservatives, whose leader,

3497:

which specifically aimed at the redistribution of wealth.

3380:

views of the Queen, practically ostracized home rulers."

3081:), and his heavy-handed control split the Liberal Party. 6647:

Franchise extended to all 18- to 20-year-olds under the

4820: 3866:

History of the United Kingdom during the First World War

3607:(satirised as an unmarried mother leaving her baby at a 8415:

Victorian Political Culture: 'Habits of Heart and Mind'

6801:

Legitimacy and the European Union: The Contested Polity

4602:

to see them elect a Liberal Party candidate during the

4561:

served briefly as interim leaders of the merged party.

3681:, pushed a series of unpopular initiatives such as the 2962:

and Radicals in the Commons. The leading Radicals were

8586:

David, Edward. “The Liberal Party Divided 1916–1918.”

4764:

By the 1820s, the different Nonconformists, including

4151: 3603:

Liberal poster c. 1905–1910, clockwise from the left:

8659:

Liberal Politics in the Age of Gladstone and Rosebery

7607:

Liberal landslide : the general election of 1906

7249:

International Review of History and Political Science

6864:

Liberal Politics in the Age of Gladstone and Rosebery

6747: 6745: 4360:

British membership of the European Economic Community

6731:

List of UK Liberal Party general election manifestos

4455:

lover murdered by a hitman. The party's new leader,

2943:, the son of a Duke but a crusading radical, and by 9204:

Election Address and Speeches By Samuel Smith, 1882

4984:, 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith, 1925 (1916–1926) 4128:, largely written for him by the Liberal economist 1972:

Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party

8988:The Rise and Fall of British Liberalism, 1776-1988 8939:Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 8527:Brack, Duncan; Ingham, Robert; Little, Tony, eds. 7551: 7383: 6742: 4839:Granville George Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville 4827:Granville George Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville 3627:contemplates his vote; and Joseph Chamberlain and 3170:Gladstone was defeated by the Conservatives under 11777:Conservative–Liberal Democrat coalition agreement 8538:Lloyd George, The Goat in the Wilderness, 1922–31 8052:A Short History of the Liberal Party: 1900 – 2001 7129:(2 ed.). Hodder & Stoughton. p. 74. 4628:in the economy (this doctrine was usually termed 3916:Asquith's Liberal government was brought down in 3104:system of manipulated alliances and antagonisms. 3001:, a free trade issue; and a faction known as the 2907:for its own sake. The great figures of reformist 11828: 9192:Facts for Liberal Politicians By John Noble 1879 8981:(Oxford UP, 2004), wide-ranging scholarly survey 8459:, London: Taylor & Francis Ltd, p. 66, 8374:Social Geography of British Elections, 1885–1910 7701:Evolution of the British Party System: 1885–1940 7370:The New Liberalism: An Ideology of Social Reform 6827:, "Lloyd George, David, 1st Earl Lloyd-George", 6791: 3696:was overshadowed by his ministers, most notably 3564:Contrasting Old Liberalism with New Liberalism, 2816:; the split between factions led by Asquith and 11852:Defunct political parties in the United Kingdom 10699:Britain's Industrial Future ("The Yellow Book") 8961:Liberal Landslide: The General Election of 1906 8932:Political Movements in Urban England, 1832–1914 8556:A Short History of the Liberal Party, 1900–2001 7975:. London: Sidgwick & Jackson. p. 133. 7762:The Strange Death of Liberal England: 1910–1914 7728:Political Change and the Labour Party 1900–1918 4975: 4851:Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery 4500:The Conservative Party under the leadership of 4444:but with no formal support from Thorpe. In the 3922:crisis in inadequate artillery shell production 2757:Asquith was overwhelmed by his wartime role as 11639: 10643: 8617:Fairlie, Henry. "Oratory in Political Life," 8482:William Ewart Gladstone § Further reading 8241: 6981:British foreign and imperial policy, 1865–1919 6763: 4753:that applied to them (especially those in the 4700:David Lloyd George adopted a programme at the 3760:28 April 1909. The caption, not shown, reads " 3754:while "a plutocrat" cowers beneath the table, 3317:(which were represented by multiple MPs) into 3298: 10849: 9273: 9153:, Biographies and voting returns since 1880s. 9020:The Formation of the Liberal Party, 1857–1868 8411: 7863: 7793: 7171:Britain Yesterday and Today: 1832 the Present 4550:objected and continued to lead a "rump" SDP. 4381:held on to the seat of Montgomeryshire, upon 3501:The New Liberals included intellectuals like 3305:History of trade unions in the United Kingdom 2665: 1997:International Alliance of Libertarian Parties 1967:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe 988: 11877:1988 disestablishments in the United Kingdom 11554:Welsh Young Liberals/Rhyddfrydwr Ifanc Cymru 9096:British General Election Manifestos, 1900–74 9067:The Historiography of Gladstone and Disraeli 9039:The Downfall of the Liberal Party: 1914–1935 8558:(6th edition). Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2002. 8509: 7918:The Downfall of the Liberal Party: 1914–1935 7905:The Downfall of the Liberal Party: 1914–1935 7797:The Downfall of the Liberal Party, 1914–1935 7562:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 7540: 7356:(1984) pp 113 for quote, 121; Ensor. p. 430. 7312: 7139:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 7011:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 6711:List of United Kingdom Liberal Party Leaders 3784:, with the government left dependent on the 3717:, a recent defector from the Conservatives. 3387:. He led the party to a heavy defeat in the 3100:was opposed to and ultimately defeated by a 9320:Leaders in the House of Commons (1859–1916) 9094:Craig, Frederick Walter Scott, ed. (1975). 7973:The History of the Liberal Party, 1895–1970 7942: 7645: 7432:"The People's Budget: An Edwardian Tragedy" 6613:in which all women aged over 21 could vote. 4463:with Wilson's successor as prime minister, 4020:. Lloyd George and the Conservative leader 3635:money for sectarian schools" refers to the 3383:The new Liberal leader was the ineffectual 3186:. The Liberals won a large majority in the 3118:purchase of commissions in the British Army 2915:(died 1806) and his disciple and successor 11330:Liberal Democrat Home Affairs spokesperson 10856: 10842: 9280: 9266: 8497:The decline of the Liberal Party 1910–1931 7504:Twentieth-century Britain: an encyclopedia 7097: 6626:(later known as National Liberals) led by 4936:Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston 4899:Robert Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe 4881:Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon 4875:Robert Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe 3208:(1884) was the giving of the vote to many 2719:. Despite being divided over the issue of 2672: 2658: 995: 981: 55: 11872:1859 establishments in the United Kingdom 11576: 10579: 9395:Leaders in the House of Lords (1859–1916) 8609:A History of the Liberal Party Since 1900 8510:Brack, Duncan; Randall, Ed, eds. (2007), 8167: 8144: 8065:"1945: Labour landslide buries Churchill" 7415:The Routledge encyclopaedia of philosophy 7386:Political Ideology Today (Politics Today) 7125:Pearce, Robert and Stearn, Roger (2000). 7104:. Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 24–26. 6993:Pearce, Robert and Stearn, Roger (2000). 6757: 6685:Leeds and County Liberal Club blue plaque 4948:Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire 3621:Chinese indentured labour in South Africa 3458: 3049:Foreign policy of William Ewart Gladstone 3031:was also a Liberal MP from 1865 to 1868. 2985:In 1841, the Liberals lost office to the 2939:, a fairly traditional Whig, and then by 2002:International Federation of Liberal Youth 11867:Political parties disestablished in 1988 11187: 10483:Liberal Party Frontbench Team, 1976–1988 10478:Liberal Party Frontbench Team, 1967–1976 10473:Liberal Party Frontbench Team, 1956–1967 10468:Liberal Party Frontbench Team, 1945–1956 10239: 8879:Liberal government and politics, 1905–15 8454: 7772: 7770: 7502:Weiler, Peter (1995). "New Liberalism". 6798:Thomas Banchoff; Mitchell Smith (1999). 6680: 5158: 4725:in the 1960s by positioning itself as a 4593: 4253:and the leadership of the party fell to 4165: 4090: 4003: 3741: 3719: 3598: 3587: 3480: 3345:Historian Walter L. Arnstein concludes: 3193: 3120:and of religious tests for admission to 3052: 2955:, although capable of radical gestures. 2872: 239:Federation of European Liberal Democrats 8979:A New England? Peace and war, 1886–1918 8437: 8435: 8352:"1964 Liberal Party Election Manifesto" 8126: 7967: 7646:Bonakdarian, Mansour (1 January 2006). 7559:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 7546: 7466: 7221:John W. Auld, "The Liberal Pro-Boers." 7025: 6938:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 6829:The Oxford Companion to British History 4930:Liberal Leaders in the House of Commons 3041:Premierships of William Ewart Gladstone 1982:Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats 14: 11829: 11325:Liberal Democrat Treasury spokesperson 11320:Deputy Leader of the Liberal Democrats 8843: 8700:British Journal of Educational Studies 8486:David Lloyd George § Bibliography 8197:; Christine F. Collette, eds. (2003). 8168:Stone-Lee, Ollie (10 September 2003). 7820: 7724: 7534:"The New Liberalism · Liberal History" 7516: 7501: 7277: 7124: 6992: 6382: 6343: 5673: 5629: 5137:Liberal Party front bench team members 4869:George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon 4736: 4196:only a few MPs and candidates followed 3652:, and Gladstone's personal secretary, 3568:noted in a 1908 speech the following: 3542:taxation that fell heavily on the rich 3293:tighter controls on the sale of liquor 3259: 3149:ended centuries of landlord oppression 2738:(1908–1916), the Liberal Party passed 2695:in the United Kingdom, along with the 11862:Political parties established in 1859 11801: 11800: 11727:National Liberal Party (Lloyd George) 11638: 11575: 11427:Second Frontbench Team of Vince Cable 11346: 11301: 11186: 10877: 10863: 10837: 10773: 10772: 10642: 10578: 10423: 10271: 10238: 9299: 9261: 8718:Asquith: portrait of a man and an era 7767: 7381: 7375: 6649:Representation of the People Act 1969 6598:Representation of the People Act 1918 6581:Representation of the People Act 1884 4893:Rufus Isaacs, 1st Marquess of Reading 4857:John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley 4845:John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley 4821:Liberal Leaders in the House of Lords 4284:; some leading party members founded 4241:and who would lead it after the war. 3995:Representation of the People Act 1918 3283:that included home rule for Ireland, 3252:, who was supported by the breakaway 2818:that led by Lloyd George in 1918–1922 2801:. A splinter group reconstituted the 11737:National Liberal Party ("Simonites") 11409:First Frontbench Team of Vince Cable 10670:Independent Liberal Party (UK, 1918) 9054:British Journal of Political Science 8611:(2nd ed. Palgrave Macmillan, 2013). 8598:The Strange Death of Liberal England 8432: 8341:(London: Ernest Benn, 1928), p. 453. 8242:Peter Barberis; et al. (2000). 7946:The Decline and Fall of Lloyd George 7697: 7687:from the original on 9 October 2022. 7618: 7236:Votes for women in Britain 1867–1928 6877:A Short History of the Liberal Party 6767:Understanding British Party Politics 6013: 5507: 5338: 4648:) and an extension of the electoral 4162:National Government (United Kingdom) 3965:Independent Liberal Party (UK, 1918) 3768:A political battle erupted over the 2767:coalition government of Lloyd George 920:Libertarianism in the United Kingdom 11732:Independent Liberals (Lloyd George) 11722:Independent Liberal Party (Asquith) 11650:Liberal Democrats headquarters (UK) 11403:Frontbench Team of Menzies Campbell 11302: 8921:121#494, (2006), pp. 1327–50, 8869:Britain between the Wars, 1918–1940 8354:. Liberal / SDP / Libdem Manifestos 8200:Modern Britain Since 1979: A Reader 8170:"Conference season's greatest hits" 8039:Britain Between the Wars, 1918–1940 7725:Tanner, Duncan (13 February 2003). 7531: 5879: 5209: 4905:Herbert Samuel, 1st Viscount Samuel 4693:in the early 1900s created a basic 4302:general election was called in 1951 4152:Splits over the National Government 3394: 2022:Liberal South East European Network 24: 11587:Alliance Party of Northern Ireland 11487:Northern Ireland Liberal Democrats 11397:Frontbench Team of Charles Kennedy 9180:The Liberal Magazine Volume 2 1895 9088: 8903:, vol. 2, (1988), pp. 63–72, 8667:Hammond, J. L. and M. R. D. Foot. 8475: 7997:British electoral facts, 1832–2006 7672: 6596:The first election held under the 6579:The first election held under the 6566:The first election held under the 4815: 4478:, who were mutually antagonistic. 4314: 4244: 3363: 3336: 3132:in elections; the legalization of 2883:The Liberal Party grew out of the 2838:his years as a Liberal (1904–1924) 908:Conservatism in the United Kingdom 795:Alliance Party of Northern Ireland 25: 11893: 11857:Defunct liberal political parties 10804:National Liberal Party (UK, 1931) 10796:National Liberal Party (UK, 1922) 10548:National League of Young Liberals 10377:Coalitions with Liberal ministers 9287: 9157: 9046: 8736:The Liberal Ascendancy, 1830–1886 8457:Victorian Britain An Encyclopedia 8389:(George Allen & Unwin, 1982). 7971:(1971). "8: The Hard-Faced Men". 7800:. Faber & Faber. p. 51. 7619:Rees, Rosemary (1 January 2003). 6949:J. L. Hammond and M. R. D. Foot, 5115:Eric Drummond, 16th Earl of Perth 4887:William Lygon, 7th Earl Beauchamp 4420:, the Conservative government of 4158:National Liberal Party (UK, 1931) 3999:first minority government in 1924 3969:National Liberal Party (UK, 1922) 3577: 2842:Liberalism and the Social Problem 2012:Liberal Network for Latin America 1445:(contributions to liberal theory) 11391:Frontbench Team of Paddy Ashdown 10283:Single party Liberal governments 8970:98#386, (1983), pp. 28–60, 8871:(1955) 694 pp. scholarly survey 8836:13#52, (1963), pp. 316–48, 8680:85#336 (1970), pp. 502–531 8581:The Liberals in Power, 1905–1914 8272:(London: Methuen, 1983), p. 143. 8203:. I.B.Tauris. pp. 125–128. 8127:Jeffery, David (1 August 2017). 7698:Self, Robert C. (30 July 2014). 6701:Liberalism in the United Kingdom 6585:Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 6539: 6531: 6496: 6489: 6488: 6453: 6446: 6445: 6409: 6402: 6401: 6370: 6363: 6362: 6331: 6324: 6323: 6287: 6280: 6279: 6248: 6241: 6240: 6209: 6201: 6166: 6165: 6157: 6124: 6123: 6116: 6115: 6085: 6084: 6077: 6076: 6041: 6040: 6033: 6032: 5992: 5985: 5984: 5951: 5950: 5943: 5942: 5906: 5899: 5898: 5862: 5855: 5854: 5820: 5813: 5812: 5782: 5781: 5774: 5773: 5740: 5739: 5732: 5731: 5700: 5693: 5692: 5661: 5654: 5653: 5618: 5617: 5610: 5609: 5578: 5571: 5570: 5535: 5534: 5527: 5526: 5491: 5490: 5483: 5482: 5449: 5448: 5441: 5440: 5409: 5402: 5401: 5366: 5365: 5358: 5357: 5320: 5319: 5312: 5311: 5280: 5273: 5272: 5236: 5229: 5228: 5165:Parliament of the United Kingdom 4770:Committee of Dissenting Deputies 4751:political and civil disabilities 4590:Liberalism in the United Kingdom 4249:Samuel had lost his seat in the 4117:, were the sons of Liberal MPs. 3853:Strange Death of Liberal England 3136:; and the reorganization of the 3034: 3014:Palmerston's second government. 2763:Lloyd George's breakaway faction 2639: 2627: 1026: 962: 950: 400: 11315:Leader of the Liberal Democrats 10683:Independent Liberals (UK, 1931) 10272: 8952:63#3, (1977), pp. 411–27, 8803:12#1, (1972), pp. 109–31, 8755:44#137, (1965), pp. 1–16, 8448: 8405: 8392: 8379: 8366: 8344: 8331: 8308:"The Liberal reforms 1906–1914" 8300: 8275: 8262: 8235: 8217: 8187: 8161: 8120: 8111: 8093: 8075: 8057: 8044: 8028: 8010: 7989: 7961: 7936: 7923: 7910: 7897: 7884: 7870:. Clarendon Press. p. 17. 7857: 7814: 7783: 7778:The Decline of Power: 1915–1964 7754: 7745: 7718: 7691: 7666: 7639: 7612: 7599: 7525: 7510: 7495: 7460: 7444: 7424: 7408: 7359: 7346: 7333: 7306: 7271: 7254: 7241: 7228: 7215: 7202: 7189: 7176: 7163: 7147: 7118: 7091: 7078: 7062: 7019: 6986: 6973: 6956: 6943: 6930: 6917: 6895: 6691:Category:Liberal Party (UK) MPs 6663: 6654: 6641: 6616: 6603: 6590: 6573: 6560: 5132:, 1st Baron Gladwyn (1965–1988) 5121:Walter Layton, 1st Baron Layton 4626:minimal government interference 4351:of March 1962 which was won by 4343:in 1956, was MP for the remote 3924:and the protest resignation of 3555:Historian Peter Weiler argues: 3401:Liberal League (United Kingdom) 2859:Whigs (British political party) 930:Socialism in the United Kingdom 11655:List of MPs (past and present) 10878: 9675:Leaders in the Lords (1916–88) 9300: 9234:The Liberal year book for 1908 9164:Liberal Democrat History Group 9080:22#1, (1990), pp. 65–83, 9011:92#3 (2007), pp. 347–66, 8941:68#8, (1978), pp. 1–133, 8778:28#1 (1985), pp. 125–42, 8727:27#2 (1984), pp. 337–60, 8702:8#2, (1960), pp. 112–26, 8650:32#3 (1989), pp. 627–41, 8635:Gilbert, Bentley Brinkerhoff. 8628:20#3 (1971), pp. 132–59, 8105:The election battles 1945–1997 8087:The election battles 1945–1997 8069:The election battles 1945–1997 7731:. Cambridge University Press. 7553:"The general election of 1906" 7469:The American Historical Review 7280:The American Historical Review 6903:"John Stuart Mill (1806–1873)" 6882: 6869: 6856: 6847: 6834: 6818: 6726:President of the Liberal Party 6696:List of Liberal Party (UK) MPs 6540: 6532: 6497: 6454: 6410: 6371: 6332: 6288: 6249: 6217:Conservative–National Liberal 6210: 6202: 6173:Conservative–National Liberal 6158: 5993: 5907: 5863: 5821: 5701: 5662: 5586:Conservative–Liberal Unionist 5579: 5542:Conservative–Liberal Unionist 5410: 5281: 5237: 4863:John Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer 4833:John Russell, 1st Earl Russell 4418:February 1974 general election 4176:A group of Liberal MPs led by 4038:returned to Parliament in 1920 3313:candidates. The Act split all 3204:Among the consequences of the 3088:by British forces in the 1882 2887:, who had their origins in an 1386:Separation of church and state 925:Politics of the United Kingdom 357:Politics of the United Kingdom 68:John Russell, 1st Earl Russell 13: 1: 11433:Frontbench Team of Jo Swinson 11421:Frontbench Team of Tim Farron 11415:Frontbench Team of Nick Clegg 11365:Current members of Parliament 11347: 10447:Members of the House of Lords 10424: 9246:The Yale Review Volume 4 1895 9069:(Anthem Press, 2016) 402 pp. 8814:34#1 (1962), pp. 19–39, 8796:(2002) 21#4 pp. 421–447. 8691:13#2 (1974), pp. 66–91, 8678:The English Historical Review 8590:13#3 (1970, pp. 509–32, 8512:Dictionary of Liberal Thought 8248:. Continuum. pp. 301–3. 7823:The Journal of Modern History 7652:. Syracuse University Press. 6892:(Boydell & Brewer, 2010). 6736: 4953:William Gladstone (1880–1894) 4446:October 1974 general election 4185:. Macdonald agreed to lead a 3934:Unionist (Conservative) party 3780:. The election resulted in a 3690:the greatest election victory 3584:Liberal government, 1905–1915 3428:military alliance with France 3370:Liberal government, 1892–1895 3110:Elementary Education Act 1870 2869:Liberal government, 1859–1866 8963:(David & Charles, 1973). 8713:(July 1964) 14#7 pp 445–452. 8337:Liberal Industrial Inquiry, 7593:UK public library membership 4976:Leaders of the Liberal Party 4963:Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman 4812:until its collapse in 1918. 4706:We Can Conquer Unemployment! 4126:We Can Conquer Unemployment! 4075:Conservative prime minister 3772:, which was rejected by the 3694:Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman 3319:single-member constituencies 2930:to the franchise and to the 2746:. Although Asquith was the 262:Liberal and Democratic Group 7: 11660:General election manifestos 11503:Liberal Democrat Conference 11439:Frontbench Team of Ed Davey 10693:General election manifestos 10499:National Liberal Federation 10331:Campbell-Bannerman ministry 9147:The Liberal Year Book: 1908 9138:The Liberal year book: 1907 9129:The Liberal year book: 1906 9120:The Liberal year book. 1887 9000:21 (2011), pp. 39–54. 8950:Catholic Historical Review, 8801:Journal of British Studies, 8573:3#4 (1970), pp. 27–36 8376:(London, 1967), 89–90, 206. 8339:Britain's Industrial Future 7506:. Garland. pp. 564–65. 7392:Manchester University Press 6721:List of Liberal Chief Whips 6676: 4990:, Acting Leader (1919–1920) 4923:Nancy Seear, Baroness Seear 4583: 4473:Chancellor of the Exchequer 4438:proportional representation 4341:Leader of the Liberal Party 3299:Relations with trade unions 3025:National Liberal Federation 3011:Chancellor of the Exchequer 2895:and the early 19th century 10: 11898: 11640:History and related topics 11461:Scottish Liberal Democrats 10644:History and related topics 10558:Women's Liberal Federation 10504:Liberal Party Organisation 10393:Second National Government 10358:Asquith coalition ministry 9116:in-depth coverage of 1899. 9108:in-depth coverage of 1900. 8901:Nineteenth Century Studies 8825:17, no. 2 (1974): 347–64. 8753:Scottish Historical Review 8689:Journal of British Studies 8626:Journal of British Studies 8499:(2nd ed. Routledge, 2014). 8479: 8101:"1951: Churchill's return" 7943:Beaverbrook, Lord (1963). 7931:English History, 1914–1945 7867:English History, 1914–1945 7792:1 May 1915, editorial, in 7264:17, no. 2 (1974): 347–64. 7223:Journal of British Studies 6804:. Routledge. p. 123. 4620:economic policies such as 4587: 4485: 4339:, for example, who became 4278:Secretary of State for Air 4155: 3958: 3870:Asquith coalition ministry 3863: 3859: 3581: 3550:Unemployment Insurance Act 3462: 3398: 3367: 3302: 3289:Church of England in Wales 3263: 3197: 3128:; the introduction of the 3038: 2862: 2856: 2852: 2847: 2750:, its dominant figure was 820:Scottish Liberal Democrats 499:Civil and political rights 29: 11842:Classical liberal parties 11807: 11796: 11645: 11634: 11582: 11571: 11527: 11511: 11495: 11474: 11456:English Liberal Democrats 11448: 11383: 11357: 11353: 11342: 11310: 11297: 11248: 11197: 11193: 11182: 11101: 11034: 10967: 10888: 10884: 10873: 10779: 10768: 10649: 10638: 10585: 10574: 10553:Union of Liberal Students 10538: 10522: 10491: 10460: 10434: 10430: 10419: 10385:First National Government 10376: 10349: 10315:Fourth Gladstone ministry 10299:Second Gladstone ministry 10282: 10278: 10267: 10245: 10234: 9757: 9674: 9575: 9478:Overall Leaders (1916–88) 9477: 9394: 9319: 9310: 9306: 9295: 8968:English Historical Review 8919:English Historical Review 8812:Journal of Modern History 8600:(1935), a famous classic 8545:English Historical Review 8445:(2002) 21#4, pp. 421–447. 8418:. Oxford UP. p. 84. 8225:"SDP: Breaking the mould" 8146:10.1057/s41293-016-0032-6 8083:"1950: Labour limps home" 7086:English Historical Review 7040:10.1017/S0018246X00012450 6754:(31 December 1872), p. 5. 6609:The first election under 6426: 6304: 6182: 6057: 5923: 5634: 5551: 5382: 5253: 5185: 5182: 5179: 5176: 5173: 5170: 4911:Philip Rea, 2nd Baron Rea 4810:Irish Parliamentary Party 4755:Test and Corporation Acts 4570:Peterborough City Council 4215:collective responsibility 3920:, due in particular to a 3218:Irish Parliamentary Party 3027:in 1877. The philosopher 2865:First Palmerston ministry 2609:Sexually liberal feminism 2516:Bias in American academia 1987:European Democratic Party 1443:List of liberal theorists 969:United Kingdom portal 352: 342: 330: 307: 296: 272:International affiliation 271: 256:Liberals and Allies Group 248:European Parliament group 246: 232: 220: 183: 171: 156: 140: 109: 91: 73: 63: 54: 45: 11812:Liberal Party (UK, 1989) 11482:London Liberal Democrats 11384:Frontbench in opposition 10812:Liberal Party (UK, 1989) 10307:Third Gladstone ministry 10291:First Gladstone ministry 8834:Irish Historical Studies 8768:80.259 (1995): 207–226, 8670:Gladstone and Liberalism 8547:90.357 (1975): 828–836. 8455:Mitchell, Sally (2011), 7319:. Springer. p. 89. 6951:Gladstone and Liberalism 5553:Henry Campbell-Bannerman 4917:Frank Byers, Baron Byers 4759:nonconformist conscience 4496:Liberal Party (UK, 1989) 4034:Leader of the Opposition 3886:Defence of the Realm Act 3658:Henry Campbell-Bannerman 3648:, former prime minister 3200:Irish Home Rule movement 2891:faction in the reign of 2732:Henry Campbell-Bannerman 1268:Labor theory of property 380:This article is part of 297:Northern Irish affiliate 150:Liberal Party (UK, 1989) 36:Liberal Party (UK, 1989) 11757:Social Democratic Party 11677:Glee Club (UK politics) 11550:Scottish Young Liberals 11537:LGBT+ Liberal Democrats 11466:Welsh Liberal Democrats 10606:Social Democratic Party 8748:(1951), short biography 8529:British Liberal Leaders 8018:"Election 2010 Results" 7173:(6th ed. 1992), p. 125. 6770:. Polity. p. 117. 6764:Stephen Driver (2011). 5126:Post vacant (1955–1965) 5098:Post vacant (1979–1985) 5089:Post vacant (1964–1976) 5080:Post vacant (1951–1962) 5071:Post vacant (1945–1949) 5062:Post vacant (1935–1940) 5034:, Interim Leader (1976) 4525:Social Democratic Party 4371:Scottish National Party 4290:war-time electoral pact 4198:. The majority, led by 3704:at the Foreign Office, 3532:of 1909, championed by 3465:Liberal welfare reforms 3357:laissez-faire economics 3281:The Newcastle Programme 2787:Social Democratic Party 1977:Arab Liberal Federation 1167:Consent of the governed 825:Social Democratic Party 524:Equality before the law 132:Independent Irish Party 79:; 165 years ago 11847:Social liberal parties 11712:Scottish Liberal Party 11546:English Young Liberals 10784:Liberal Unionist Party 10658:Coalition Government: 10509:Scottish Liberal Party 10401:Churchill war ministry 10350:Liberal-led coalitions 10339:First Asquith ministry 10056:Henley and Northington 8514:, London: Politico's, 8412:Angus Hawkins (2015). 8402:(2005) 24#1, pp. 1–26. 7864:A.J.P. Taylor (1965). 7794:Trevor Wilson (1966). 7568:10.1093/ref:odnb/95348 7517:Weiler, Peter (2016). 7199:42.02 (1999): 467–493. 7028:The Historical Journal 6999:Hodder & Stoughton 6686: 5008:Sir Archibald Sinclair 4667: 4630:Gladstonian liberalism 4607: 4604:1880 general elections 4598:A crowd waits outside 4492:Liberal Democrats (UK) 4265:foreign policy of the 4255:Sir Archibald Sinclair 4173: 4097: 4009: 3948: 3914: 3890: 3879:explains the dilemma: 3765: 3748:John Bernard Partridge 3727: 3708:at the War Office and 3706:Richard Burdon Haldane 3674:Richard Burdon Haldane 3640: 3596: 3575: 3562: 3546:National Insurance Act 3518:unemployment insurance 3498: 3459:Rise of New Liberalism 3426:and supporters of the 3361: 3254:Liberal Unionist Party 3176:Marquess of Hartington 3058: 3045:Gladstonian liberalism 2993:, but their period in 2880: 2789:(SDP) in 1981. At the 2785:with the newly formed 1992:European Liberal Youth 1962:Africa Liberal Network 1187:Economic globalization 211:Gladstonian liberalism 97:; 36 years ago 32:Liberal Democrats (UK) 11692:National Liberal Club 11670:Limehouse Declaration 11577:Related organisations 10679:National Government: 10595:National Liberal Club 10580:Related organisations 10442:Members of Parliament 10366:Lloyd George ministry 9113:Liberal Magazine 1900 9105:Liberal Magazine 1901 9056:43#1 (2013): 221–240. 8914:17.4 (1974): 813–836. 8596:Dangerfield, George. 8480:Further information: 8400:Parliamentary History 7894:36.3 (2017): 361–371. 7892:Parliamentary History 7313:F. McDonough (2007). 7088:77#302 (1962): 53–78. 6844:(1988) 31#3: 609–627. 6684: 5958:Conservative–Liberal– 5159:Electoral performance 4702:1929 general election 4662: 4597: 4544:1987 general election 4536:1983 general election 4506:1979 general election 4430:Sunningdale Agreement 4349:Orpington by-election 4294:1945 general election 4227:1935 general election 4169: 4134:1929 general election 4122:1929 general election 4106:snap election in 1924 4094: 4081:1923 general election 4014:1918 general election 4007: 3961:Lloyd George ministry 3943: 3909: 3881: 3864:Further information: 3778:January 1910 election 3745: 3723: 3602: 3591: 3570: 3557: 3484: 3389:1895 general election 3347: 3315:county constituencies 3214:1885 general election 3194:Ireland and Home Rule 3168:1874 general election 3161:Irish Church Act 1869 3056: 2876: 2828:, and social planner 2795:1987 general election 2791:1983 general election 2742:that created a basic 2725:1906 general election 2634:Liberalism portal 2506:Anti-authoritarianism 2007:Liberal International 957:Liberalism portal 393:in the United Kingdom 286:Liberal International 164:, 1 Whitehall Place, 162:National Liberal Club 11767:Southport Resolution 11762:SDP–Liberal Alliance 11687:Liberator (magazine) 11622:Social Liberal Forum 11188:Leadership elections 11036:Leaders in the Lords 10799:(David Lloyd George) 10744:Radical Reform Group 10654:Liberal Imperialists 10618:Ulster Liberal Party 10612:SDP–Liberal Alliance 10240:Leadership elections 7760:George Dangerfield, 7438:5 March 2012 at the 7343:(1936), pp. 384–420. 7225:14#2 (1975): 78–101. 7169:Walter L. Arnstein, 7075:(1936), pp. 206–207. 6888:William C. Lubenow, 6632:Independent Liberals 4957:Sir William Harcourt 4802:Primitive Methodists 4778:Dissenting Academies 4612:classical liberalism 4532:Falkland Islands War 4488:SDP–Liberal Alliance 4392:In local elections, 4231:independent Liberals 4046:Independent Liberals 3928:over the disastrous 3844:Partition of Ireland 3801:third Home Rule bill 3485:Liberal politicians 3405:Liberal Imperialists 2974:(many Liberals were 2783:SDP–Liberal Alliance 1438:Age of Enlightenment 1391:Separation of powers 913:Liberal conservatism 594:Anti-Corn Law League 529:Freedom of the press 301:Ulster Liberal Party 234:European affiliation 225:SDP–Liberal Alliance 221:National affiliation 207:Classical liberalism 10817:Michael Meadowcroft 10514:Welsh Liberal Party 8865:Mowat, Charles Loch 8794:Political Geography 8738:(Bloomsbury, 1994). 8571:The History Teacher 8443:Political Geography 7907:(1966), pp. 90–131. 7790:Manchester Guardian 7451:Mr Balfour's Poodle 7382:Adams, Ian (2001). 7251:12.3 (1975): 17–48. 7098:Chris Cook (2010). 6979:Graham D. Goodlad, 5167: 4766:Wesleyan Methodists 4737:Religious alignment 4711:Liberal Yellow Book 4685:and his Chancellor 4644:(many of them were 4566:Michael Meadowcroft 4387:Welsh Liberal Party 4345:Orkney and Shetland 4271:Midlothian Campaign 4267:National Government 4223:Imperial Preference 4187:National Government 4130:John Maynard Keynes 3904:Manchester Guardian 3794:Parliament Act 1911 3592:The results of the 3536:and fellow Liberal 3266:Newcastle Programme 3260:Newcastle Programme 3184:Midlothian campaign 3086:occupation of Egypt 2947:, a renegade Irish 2878:Viscount Palmerston 2826:John Maynard Keynes 2688:was one of the two 2646:Politics portal 1349:Civil and political 1322:Popular sovereignty 1182:Economic liberalism 589:Glorious Revolution 534:Freedom of religion 514:Economic liberalism 11882:Leeds Blue Plaques 11837:Liberal Party (UK) 11358:MPs and Frontbench 9376:Campbell-Bannerman 9034:(Routledge, 2016). 9022:(Constable, 1966) 8934:(2009) pp 128–144. 8912:Historical Journal 8845:Morgan, Kenneth O. 8823:Historical Journal 8776:Historical Journal 8725:Historical Journal 8648:Historical Journal 8588:Historical Journal 8385:D. W. Bebbington, 8231:. 25 January 2001. 8035:Charles Loch Mowat 7920:(1966), pp. 23–48. 7622:Britain, 1890–1939 7532:History, Liberal. 7372:(Oxford UP, 1978). 7262:Historical Journal 7212:89#1 (2006): 8–16. 7197:Historical Journal 6964:Historical Journal 6842:Historical Journal 6687: 6611:universal suffrage 6015:Archibald Sinclair 5881:David Lloyd George 5509:Archibald Primrose 5163: 5075:Megan Lloyd George 5057:Archibald Sinclair 5002:Sir Herbert Samuel 4996:David Lloyd George 4794:Education Act 1902 4687:David Lloyd George 4608: 4309:Megan Lloyd George 4200:Sir Herbert Samuel 4174: 4104:was forced into a 4098: 4030:Sir Donald MacLean 4010: 4008:David Lloyd George 3930:Gallipoli Campaign 3848:George Dangerfield 3817:Ulster Protestants 3786:Irish Nationalists 3766: 3737:National Insurance 3728: 3710:David Lloyd George 3700:at the Exchequer, 3683:Education Act 1902 3641: 3637:Education Act 1902 3617:Austen Chamberlain 3613:Friendly Societies 3609:Foundling hospital 3605:Joseph Chamberlain 3597: 3566:David Lloyd George 3534:David Lloyd George 3499: 3487:David Lloyd George 3444:established church 3412:classical liberals 3273:Joseph Chamberlain 3230:Joseph Chamberlain 3155:of the (Anglican) 3090:Anglo-Egyptian War 3059: 2951:and essentially a 2881: 2752:David Lloyd George 2697:Conservative Party 1317:Permissive society 1297:Limited government 737:Mill (John Stuart) 323:Yellow (customary) 11824: 11823: 11820: 11819: 11802:Breakaway parties 11792: 11791: 11630: 11629: 11607:Friends of Turkey 11602:Friends of Israel 11567: 11566: 11563: 11562: 11338: 11337: 11293: 11292: 11289: 11288: 11249:Deputy Leadership 11178: 11177: 11174: 11173: 10866:Liberal Democrats 10831: 10830: 10827: 10826: 10820: 10808: 10800: 10792: 10789:Spencer Cavendish 10774:Breakaway parties 10764: 10763: 10634: 10633: 10625:Liberal Democrats 10570: 10569: 10566: 10565: 10415: 10414: 10411: 10410: 10323:Rosebery ministry 10263: 10262: 10230: 10229: 10226: 10225: 9571: 9570: 9498: 8884:Parry, Jonathan. 8881:(Springer, 2006). 8785:Lynch, Patricia. 8502:Bentley, Michael 8268:W. H. Greenleaf, 8005:978-0-7546-2712-8 7929:A. J. P. Taylor, 7751:Morgan 1974, p.69 7591:(Subscription or 7577:978-0-19-861412-8 7548:Goldman, Lawrence 7341:England 1870–1914 7184:England 1870–1914 7154:Kenneth O. Morgan 7073:England 1870–1914 7001:. pp. 56–57. 6811:978-0-415-18188-4 6777:978-0-7456-4077-8 6706:Liberal Democrats 6624:Liberal Nationals 6551: 6550: 6004:–National Labour 5748:Coalition Liberal 5708:Liberal minority 5669:Liberal minority 5498:Liberal minority 5417:Liberal minority 5384:William Gladstone 5340:Spencer Cavendish 5255:William Gladstone 5211:Henry John Temple 4942:William Gladstone 4675:social liberalism 4642:Church of England 4555:Liberal Democrats 4502:Margaret Thatcher 4459:, negotiated the 4259:Fascism in Europe 4204:Liberal Nationals 3805:Ulster Volunteers 3715:Winston Churchill 3538:Winston Churchill 3493:enacted the 1909 3491:Winston Churchill 3476:social liberalism 3449:Winston Churchill 3418:and opponents of 3234:Irish nationalist 3172:Benjamin Disraeli 3157:Church of Ireland 3114:33 & 34 Vict. 3098:Concert of Europe 3057:William Gladstone 3020:Second Reform Act 2972:Church of England 2941:Lord John Russell 2913:Charles James Fox 2834:Winston Churchill 2830:William Beveridge 2810:Liberal Unionists 2799:Liberal Democrats 2717:William Gladstone 2693:political parties 2682: 2681: 2521:Bias in the media 2037:Regional variants 1354:Natural and legal 1005: 1004: 935:Liberal socialism 800:Liberal Democrats 584:English Civil War 539:Freedom of speech 375: 374: 362:Political parties 317:Orange (official) 215:Social liberalism 145:Liberal Democrats 141:Succeeded by 95:2 March 1988 16:(Redirected from 11889: 11798: 11797: 11717:Coalition Coupon 11636: 11635: 11573: 11572: 11475:Regional parties 11355: 11354: 11344: 11343: 11299: 11298: 11195: 11194: 11184: 11183: 10886: 10885: 10875: 10874: 10867: 10858: 10851: 10844: 10835: 10834: 10814: 10806: 10798: 10786: 10770: 10769: 10754:Rockingham Whigs 10662:Coalition Coupon 10640: 10639: 10576: 10575: 10530:Liberal Assembly 10435:Parliamentarians 10432: 10431: 10421: 10420: 10404: 10396: 10388: 10369: 10361: 10342: 10334: 10326: 10318: 10310: 10302: 10294: 10280: 10279: 10269: 10268: 10236: 10235: 10219: 10211: 10203: 10195: 10187: 10179: 10171: 10163: 10155: 10147: 10139: 10131: 10123: 10115: 10107: 10099: 10091: 10083: 10075: 10067: 10059: 10051: 10043: 10035: 10027: 10019: 10011: 10003: 9995: 9987: 9979: 9971: 9963: 9955: 9947: 9939: 9931: 9923: 9915: 9907: 9899: 9891: 9883: 9875: 9867: 9859: 9851: 9843: 9835: 9827: 9819: 9811: 9803: 9795: 9787: 9779: 9771: 9750: 9742: 9734: 9726: 9718: 9710: 9702: 9694: 9686: 9667: 9659: 9651: 9643: 9635: 9627: 9619: 9611: 9603: 9595: 9587: 9564: 9556: 9548: 9540: 9532: 9524: 9516: 9508: 9500: 9496: 9489: 9470: 9462: 9454: 9446: 9438: 9430: 9422: 9414: 9406: 9387: 9379: 9371: 9363: 9355: 9347: 9339: 9331: 9317: 9316: 9308: 9307: 9297: 9296: 9282: 9275: 9268: 9259: 9258: 9037:Wilson, Trevor. 8861: 8734:Jenkins, Terry. 8524: 8470: 8469: 8452: 8446: 8439: 8430: 8429: 8409: 8403: 8396: 8390: 8383: 8377: 8370: 8364: 8363: 8361: 8359: 8348: 8342: 8335: 8329: 8327: 8321: 8319: 8304: 8298: 8297: 8295: 8293: 8279: 8273: 8266: 8260: 8259: 8239: 8233: 8232: 8221: 8215: 8214: 8191: 8185: 8184: 8182: 8180: 8165: 8159: 8158: 8148: 8133:British Politics 8124: 8118: 8115: 8109: 8108: 8097: 8091: 8090: 8079: 8073: 8072: 8061: 8055: 8048: 8042: 8032: 8026: 8025: 8014: 8008: 7993: 7987: 7986: 7965: 7959: 7958: 7956: 7954: 7940: 7934: 7927: 7921: 7914: 7908: 7901: 7895: 7888: 7882: 7881: 7861: 7855: 7854: 7818: 7812: 7811: 7787: 7781: 7774: 7765: 7758: 7752: 7749: 7743: 7742: 7722: 7716: 7715: 7695: 7689: 7688: 7686: 7679: 7670: 7664: 7663: 7643: 7637: 7636: 7616: 7610: 7603: 7597: 7596: 7588: 7586: 7584: 7555: 7544: 7538: 7537: 7529: 7523: 7522: 7514: 7508: 7507: 7499: 7493: 7492: 7475:(5): 1058–1066. 7464: 7458: 7448: 7442: 7428: 7422: 7412: 7406: 7405: 7389: 7379: 7373: 7363: 7357: 7350: 7344: 7339:R. C. K. Ensor, 7337: 7331: 7330: 7310: 7304: 7303: 7275: 7269: 7258: 7252: 7245: 7239: 7232: 7226: 7219: 7213: 7206: 7200: 7193: 7187: 7182:R. C. K. Ensor, 7180: 7174: 7167: 7161: 7151: 7145: 7144: 7138: 7130: 7122: 7116: 7115: 7095: 7089: 7082: 7076: 7066: 7060: 7059: 7023: 7017: 7016: 7010: 7002: 6990: 6984: 6977: 6971: 6960: 6954: 6947: 6941: 6934: 6928: 6921: 6915: 6914: 6912: 6910: 6899: 6893: 6886: 6880: 6873: 6867: 6866:(1972) pp. 1–27. 6860: 6854: 6851: 6845: 6838: 6832: 6822: 6816: 6815: 6795: 6789: 6788: 6786: 6784: 6761: 6755: 6749: 6670: 6667: 6661: 6658: 6652: 6645: 6639: 6620: 6614: 6607: 6601: 6594: 6588: 6577: 6571: 6564: 6543: 6542: 6535: 6534: 6527: 6500: 6499: 6492: 6491: 6484: 6457: 6456: 6449: 6448: 6441: 6413: 6412: 6405: 6404: 6397: 6378:Labour minority 6374: 6373: 6366: 6365: 6358: 6335: 6334: 6327: 6326: 6319: 6291: 6290: 6283: 6282: 6275: 6252: 6251: 6244: 6243: 6236: 6213: 6212: 6205: 6204: 6197: 6169: 6168: 6161: 6160: 6153: 6133:National Liberal 6127: 6126: 6119: 6118: 6111: 6088: 6087: 6080: 6079: 6072: 6044: 6043: 6036: 6035: 6028: 6002:Liberal National 5996: 5995: 5988: 5987: 5980: 5954: 5953: 5946: 5945: 5938: 5914:Labour minority 5910: 5909: 5902: 5901: 5894: 5866: 5865: 5858: 5857: 5850: 5824: 5823: 5816: 5815: 5808: 5785: 5784: 5777: 5776: 5769: 5743: 5742: 5735: 5734: 5727: 5704: 5703: 5696: 5695: 5688: 5665: 5664: 5657: 5656: 5649: 5621: 5620: 5613: 5612: 5605: 5582: 5581: 5574: 5573: 5566: 5538: 5537: 5530: 5529: 5522: 5494: 5493: 5486: 5485: 5478: 5458:Liberal Unionist 5452: 5451: 5444: 5443: 5436: 5413: 5412: 5405: 5404: 5397: 5369: 5368: 5361: 5360: 5353: 5323: 5322: 5315: 5314: 5307: 5284: 5283: 5276: 5275: 5268: 5240: 5239: 5232: 5231: 5224: 5168: 5162: 4790:repealed in 1828 4727:radical centrist 4654:William Harcourt 4559:Robert Maclennan 4521:Shirley Williams 4219:Ottawa Agreement 4192:general election 4183:Great Depression 4146:alternative vote 4102:Ramsay MacDonald 4032:who also became 3987:women's suffrage 3919: 3840:Northern Ireland 3831:Curragh Incident 3646:William Harcourt 3514:health insurance 3424:antiwar elements 3420:women's suffrage 3395:Liberal factions 3285:disestablishment 3277:Liberal Unionism 3248:at the hands of 3226:Liberal Unionist 3206:Third Reform Act 3153:disestablishment 3066:, low taxes and 3064:balanced budgets 3029:John Stuart Mill 2932:House of Commons 2921:First Reform Act 2822:John Stuart Mill 2734:(1905–1908) and 2711:, and reformist 2674: 2667: 2660: 2644: 2643: 2632: 2631: 2550:Economic freedom 2543:Radical centrism 1381:Secular humanism 1307:Natural monopoly 1258:Internationalism 1075:Internationalist 1030: 1007: 1006: 997: 990: 983: 967: 966: 965: 955: 954: 868:The Sunday Times 519:Environmentalism 509:Economic freedom 404: 394: 377: 376: 347:Liberal Assembly 322: 316: 105: 103: 98: 87: 85: 80: 77:9 June 1859 59: 43: 42: 21: 18:UK Liberal Party 11897: 11896: 11892: 11891: 11890: 11888: 11887: 11886: 11827: 11826: 11825: 11816: 11803: 11788: 11783:For a Fair Deal 11772:The Orange Book 11682:The Land (song) 11641: 11626: 11597:Christian Forum 11592:Beveridge Group 11578: 11559: 11523: 11507: 11491: 11470: 11444: 11379: 11370:Frontbench team 11349: 11334: 11306: 11304:Frontbench team 11285: 11256:2003 (Campbell) 11244: 11215:2006 (Campbell) 11189: 11170: 11097: 11030: 10963: 10880: 10869: 10865: 10862: 10832: 10823: 10775: 10760: 10645: 10630: 10621: 10602: 10581: 10562: 10534: 10518: 10487: 10456: 10426: 10407: 10399: 10391: 10383: 10372: 10364: 10356: 10345: 10337: 10329: 10321: 10313: 10305: 10297: 10289: 10274: 10259: 10241: 10222: 10214: 10206: 10198: 10190: 10182: 10174: 10166: 10158: 10150: 10142: 10134: 10126: 10118: 10110: 10102: 10094: 10086: 10078: 10070: 10062: 10054: 10046: 10038: 10030: 10022: 10014: 10006: 9998: 9990: 9982: 9974: 9966: 9958: 9950: 9942: 9934: 9926: 9918: 9910: 9902: 9894: 9886: 9878: 9870: 9862: 9854: 9846: 9838: 9830: 9822: 9814: 9806: 9798: 9790: 9782: 9774: 9766: 9753: 9745: 9737: 9729: 9721: 9713: 9705: 9697: 9689: 9681: 9670: 9662: 9654: 9646: 9638: 9630: 9622: 9614: 9606: 9598: 9590: 9582: 9567: 9559: 9551: 9543: 9535: 9527: 9519: 9511: 9503: 9492: 9484: 9473: 9465: 9457: 9449: 9441: 9433: 9425: 9417: 9409: 9401: 9390: 9382: 9374: 9366: 9358: 9350: 9342: 9334: 9326: 9302: 9291: 9286: 9160: 9091: 9089:Primary sources 9065:St. John, Ian. 9049: 9044: 9030:Weiler, Peter. 9018:Vincent, John. 8859: 8762:Laybourn, Keith 8607:Dutton, David. 8522: 8488: 8478: 8476:Further reading 8473: 8467: 8453: 8449: 8440: 8433: 8426: 8410: 8406: 8397: 8393: 8384: 8380: 8372:Henry Pelling, 8371: 8367: 8357: 8355: 8350: 8349: 8345: 8336: 8332: 8317: 8315: 8306: 8305: 8301: 8291: 8289: 8281: 8280: 8276: 8267: 8263: 8256: 8240: 8236: 8223: 8222: 8218: 8211: 8192: 8188: 8178: 8176: 8166: 8162: 8125: 8121: 8116: 8112: 8099: 8098: 8094: 8081: 8080: 8076: 8063: 8062: 8058: 8049: 8045: 8033: 8029: 8016: 8015: 8011: 7994: 7990: 7983: 7966: 7962: 7952: 7950: 7941: 7937: 7928: 7924: 7916:Trevor Wilson, 7915: 7911: 7903:Trevor Wilson, 7902: 7898: 7889: 7885: 7878: 7862: 7858: 7819: 7815: 7808: 7788: 7784: 7775: 7768: 7759: 7755: 7750: 7746: 7739: 7723: 7719: 7712: 7696: 7692: 7684: 7677: 7671: 7667: 7660: 7644: 7640: 7633: 7617: 7613: 7605:A. K. Russell, 7604: 7600: 7590: 7582: 7580: 7578: 7550:(25 May 2006). 7545: 7541: 7530: 7526: 7515: 7511: 7500: 7496: 7481:10.2307/1852870 7465: 7461: 7449: 7445: 7440:Wayback Machine 7430:Geoffrey Lee – 7429: 7425: 7417:(2016), p. 599 7413: 7409: 7402: 7380: 7376: 7366:Michael Freeden 7364: 7360: 7351: 7347: 7338: 7334: 7327: 7311: 7307: 7292:10.2307/1849549 7276: 7272: 7259: 7255: 7246: 7242: 7233: 7229: 7220: 7216: 7207: 7203: 7194: 7190: 7186:(1936), p. 207. 7181: 7177: 7168: 7164: 7152: 7148: 7132: 7131: 7123: 7119: 7112: 7096: 7092: 7083: 7079: 7067: 7063: 7024: 7020: 7004: 7003: 6991: 6987: 6978: 6974: 6961: 6957: 6948: 6944: 6935: 6931: 6927:(1989), p. 174. 6922: 6918: 6908: 6906: 6901: 6900: 6896: 6887: 6883: 6874: 6870: 6861: 6857: 6852: 6848: 6839: 6835: 6823: 6819: 6812: 6796: 6792: 6782: 6780: 6778: 6762: 6758: 6750: 6743: 6739: 6679: 6674: 6673: 6668: 6664: 6659: 6655: 6646: 6642: 6621: 6617: 6608: 6604: 6595: 6591: 6578: 6574: 6568:Reform Act 1867 6565: 6561: 6528: 6525: 6485: 6482: 6442: 6439: 6398: 6395: 6359: 6356: 6320: 6317: 6276: 6273: 6237: 6234: 6198: 6195: 6154: 6151: 6112: 6109: 6073: 6070: 6029: 6026: 5981: 5978: 5960:National Labour 5939: 5936: 5895: 5892: 5851: 5848: 5809: 5806: 5770: 5767: 5728: 5725: 5689: 5686: 5650: 5647: 5606: 5603: 5567: 5564: 5523: 5520: 5479: 5476: 5437: 5434: 5398: 5395: 5354: 5351: 5308: 5305: 5269: 5266: 5225: 5222: 5161: 5139: 5111: 5047: 4978: 4932: 4823: 4818: 4816:Liberal leaders 4780:privately. The 4739: 4691:Liberal reforms 4600:Leeds Town Hall 4592: 4586: 4498: 4486:Main articles: 4484: 4465:James Callaghan 4426:Ulster Unionist 4317: 4315:Liberal revival 4247: 4245:Near extinction 4164: 4156:Main articles: 4154: 4077:Stanley Baldwin 3991:Irish Home Rule 3971: 3959:Main articles: 3957: 3938:A. J. P. Taylor 3917: 3872: 3862: 3836:First World War 3782:hung parliament 3770:People's Budget 3752:People's Budget 3662:Second Boer War 3586: 3580: 3530:People's Budget 3495:People's Budget 3471: 3469:People's Budget 3463:Main articles: 3461: 3407: 3399:Main articles: 3397: 3372: 3366: 3364:After Gladstone 3339: 3337:Reform policies 3307: 3301: 3268: 3262: 3228:faction led by 3222:Irish Home Rule 3210:Irish Catholics 3202: 3196: 3051: 3039:Main articles: 3037: 2991:Sir Robert Peel 2945:Lord Palmerston 2871: 2861: 2855: 2850: 2729:prime ministers 2721:Irish Home Rule 2678: 2638: 2626: 2619: 2618: 2501: 2493: 2492: 2295:North Macedonia 2039: 2029: 2028: 2027: 2026: 2017:Liberal parties 1955: 1947: 1946: 1737: 1729: 1728: 1459: 1449: 1448: 1433: 1423: 1422: 1418:State of nature 1406:Social services 1396:Social contract 1359:To own property 1162: 1154: 1153: 1038: 1001: 963: 961: 949: 942: 941: 886: 878: 877: 863:The Independent 853:Financial Times 843: 835: 834: 790: 782: 781: 617: 609: 608: 579: 571: 570: 489: 481: 480: 412: 392: 390: 371: 326: 320: 314: 292: 288: 281: 267: 241: 227: 213: 209: 205: 201: 197: 160:Offices at the 148: 136: 101: 99: 96: 83: 81: 78: 50: 49: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11895: 11885: 11884: 11879: 11874: 11869: 11864: 11859: 11854: 11849: 11844: 11839: 11822: 11821: 11818: 11817: 11815: 11814: 11808: 11805: 11804: 11794: 11793: 11790: 11789: 11787: 11786: 11779: 11774: 11769: 11764: 11759: 11754: 11752:One more heave 11749: 11744: 11739: 11734: 11729: 11724: 11719: 11714: 11709: 11704: 11699: 11694: 11689: 11684: 11679: 11674: 11673: 11672: 11662: 11657: 11652: 11646: 11643: 11642: 11632: 11631: 11628: 11627: 11625: 11624: 11619: 11617:Liberal Reform 11614: 11609: 11604: 11599: 11594: 11589: 11583: 11580: 11579: 11569: 11568: 11565: 11564: 11561: 11560: 11558: 11557: 11542:Young Liberals 11539: 11533: 11531: 11525: 11524: 11522: 11521: 11515: 11513: 11509: 11508: 11506: 11505: 11499: 11497: 11493: 11492: 11490: 11489: 11484: 11478: 11476: 11472: 11471: 11469: 11468: 11463: 11458: 11452: 11450: 11446: 11445: 11443: 11442: 11441:(2020-present) 11436: 11430: 11424: 11418: 11412: 11406: 11400: 11394: 11387: 11385: 11381: 11380: 11378: 11377: 11372: 11367: 11361: 11359: 11351: 11350: 11340: 11339: 11336: 11335: 11333: 11332: 11327: 11322: 11317: 11311: 11308: 11307: 11295: 11294: 11291: 11290: 11287: 11286: 11284: 11283: 11278: 11276:2017 (Swinson) 11273: 11268: 11263: 11258: 11252: 11250: 11246: 11245: 11243: 11242: 11237: 11235:2019 (Swinson) 11232: 11227: 11222: 11217: 11212: 11210:1999 (Kennedy) 11207: 11205:1988 (Ashdown) 11201: 11199: 11191: 11190: 11180: 11179: 11176: 11175: 11172: 11171: 11169: 11168: 11162: 11156: 11150: 11144: 11138: 11132: 11126: 11120: 11114: 11107: 11105: 11099: 11098: 11096: 11095: 11089: 11083: 11077: 11071: 11065: 11059: 11050: 11040: 11038: 11032: 11031: 11029: 11028: 11022: 11016: 11010: 11004: 10998: 10992: 10986: 10980: 10973: 10971: 10969:Deputy Leaders 10965: 10964: 10962: 10961: 10955: 10949: 10943: 10937: 10931: 10925: 10919: 10913: 10904: 10894: 10892: 10882: 10881: 10871: 10870: 10861: 10860: 10853: 10846: 10838: 10829: 10828: 10825: 10824: 10822: 10821: 10809: 10801: 10793: 10780: 10777: 10776: 10766: 10765: 10762: 10761: 10759: 10758: 10757: 10756: 10746: 10741: 10739:Radical Action 10736: 10731: 10729:One more heave 10726: 10719: 10714: 10707: 10702: 10695: 10690: 10689: 10688: 10677: 10676: 10675: 10667: 10656: 10650: 10647: 10646: 10636: 10635: 10632: 10631: 10629: 10628: 10627:(1988-present) 10622: 10615: 10609: 10603: 10597: 10592: 10586: 10583: 10582: 10572: 10571: 10568: 10567: 10564: 10563: 10561: 10560: 10555: 10550: 10544: 10542: 10536: 10535: 10533: 10532: 10526: 10524: 10520: 10519: 10517: 10516: 10511: 10506: 10501: 10495: 10493: 10489: 10488: 10486: 10485: 10480: 10475: 10470: 10464: 10462: 10458: 10457: 10455: 10454: 10449: 10444: 10438: 10436: 10428: 10427: 10417: 10416: 10413: 10412: 10409: 10408: 10406: 10405: 10397: 10389: 10380: 10378: 10374: 10373: 10371: 10370: 10362: 10353: 10351: 10347: 10346: 10344: 10343: 10335: 10327: 10319: 10311: 10303: 10295: 10286: 10284: 10276: 10275: 10265: 10264: 10261: 10260: 10258: 10257: 10252: 10246: 10243: 10242: 10232: 10231: 10228: 10227: 10224: 10223: 10221: 10220: 10212: 10204: 10196: 10188: 10180: 10172: 10164: 10156: 10148: 10140: 10132: 10124: 10116: 10108: 10100: 10092: 10084: 10076: 10068: 10060: 10052: 10044: 10036: 10028: 10020: 10012: 10004: 9996: 9988: 9980: 9972: 9964: 9956: 9948: 9940: 9932: 9924: 9916: 9908: 9900: 9892: 9884: 9876: 9868: 9860: 9852: 9844: 9836: 9828: 9820: 9812: 9804: 9796: 9788: 9780: 9772: 9763: 9761: 9755: 9754: 9752: 9751: 9743: 9735: 9727: 9719: 9711: 9703: 9695: 9687: 9678: 9676: 9672: 9671: 9669: 9668: 9660: 9652: 9644: 9636: 9628: 9620: 9616:M Lloyd George 9612: 9604: 9596: 9588: 9579: 9577: 9576:Deputy Leaders 9573: 9572: 9569: 9568: 9566: 9565: 9557: 9549: 9541: 9533: 9525: 9517: 9509: 9501: 9490: 9481: 9479: 9475: 9474: 9472: 9471: 9463: 9455: 9447: 9439: 9431: 9423: 9415: 9407: 9398: 9396: 9392: 9391: 9389: 9388: 9380: 9372: 9364: 9356: 9348: 9340: 9332: 9323: 9321: 9314: 9304: 9303: 9293: 9292: 9285: 9284: 9277: 9270: 9262: 9256: 9255: 9249: 9243: 9237: 9231: 9225: 9219: 9213: 9207: 9201: 9195: 9189: 9183: 9177: 9167: 9159: 9158:External links 9156: 9155: 9154: 9144: 9135: 9126: 9117: 9109: 9100: 9099: 9090: 9087: 9086: 9085: 9074: 9062: 9061: 9048: 9047:Historiography 9045: 9043: 9042: 9035: 9027: 9026: 9016: 9005: 8994: 8983: 8982: 8977:Searle, G. R. 8975: 8964: 8959:Russell, A.K. 8957: 8946: 8935: 8927: 8926: 8915: 8908: 8897: 8882: 8875: 8862: 8857: 8841: 8830: 8819: 8808: 8797: 8790: 8783: 8772: 8759: 8749: 8739: 8732: 8721: 8716:Jenkins, Roy. 8714: 8707: 8696: 8685: 8674: 8665: 8655: 8644: 8633: 8622: 8615: 8605: 8594: 8584: 8579:Cross, Colin. 8577: 8575:online edition 8567: 8552: 8541: 8535:Campbell, John 8532: 8525: 8521:978-1842751671 8520: 8507: 8500: 8489: 8477: 8474: 8472: 8471: 8466:978-0415668514 8465: 8447: 8431: 8424: 8404: 8391: 8378: 8365: 8343: 8330: 8299: 8274: 8261: 8254: 8234: 8216: 8209: 8195:Keith Laybourn 8186: 8160: 8139:(3): 386–407. 8119: 8110: 8092: 8074: 8056: 8054:, pp. 268–269. 8043: 8027: 8009: 7988: 7981: 7960: 7935: 7922: 7909: 7896: 7883: 7876: 7856: 7835:10.1086/240083 7829:(3): 283–303. 7813: 7806: 7782: 7776:Robert Blake, 7766: 7753: 7744: 7737: 7717: 7710: 7690: 7665: 7658: 7638: 7631: 7611: 7598: 7576: 7539: 7524: 7509: 7494: 7459: 7443: 7423: 7407: 7401:978-0719060205 7400: 7390:. Manchester: 7374: 7358: 7352:Kenneth Rose, 7345: 7332: 7325: 7305: 7286:(2): 352–363. 7270: 7253: 7240: 7227: 7214: 7201: 7188: 7175: 7162: 7146: 7117: 7110: 7090: 7077: 7069:R. C. K. Ensor 7061: 7034:(3): 627–641. 7018: 6997:(2 ed.). 6985: 6983:(2000), p. 21. 6972: 6955: 6942: 6929: 6916: 6894: 6881: 6879:(7th ed. 2010) 6868: 6855: 6846: 6833: 6817: 6810: 6790: 6776: 6756: 6740: 6738: 6735: 6734: 6733: 6728: 6723: 6718: 6713: 6708: 6703: 6698: 6693: 6678: 6675: 6672: 6671: 6662: 6653: 6640: 6615: 6602: 6589: 6572: 6558: 6557: 6556: 6555: 6549: 6548: 6545: 6537: 6529: 6524: 6522: 6515: 6512: 6506: 6505: 6502: 6494: 6486: 6481: 6479: 6472: 6469: 6463: 6462: 6459: 6451: 6443: 6438: 6436: 6433: 6430: 6425: 6419: 6418: 6415: 6407: 6399: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6386: 6380: 6379: 6376: 6368: 6360: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6347: 6341: 6340: 6337: 6329: 6321: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6308: 6303: 6297: 6296: 6293: 6285: 6277: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6264: 6258: 6257: 6254: 6246: 6238: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6225: 6219: 6218: 6215: 6207: 6199: 6194: 6192: 6189: 6186: 6181: 6175: 6174: 6171: 6163: 6155: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6142: 6136: 6135: 6129: 6121: 6113: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6100: 6094: 6093: 6090: 6082: 6074: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6061: 6059:Clement Davies 6056: 6050: 6049: 6046: 6038: 6030: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6017: 6012: 6006: 6005: 5998: 5990: 5982: 5977: 5975: 5972: 5969: 5963: 5962: 5956: 5948: 5940: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5927: 5925:Herbert Samuel 5922: 5916: 5915: 5912: 5904: 5896: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5883: 5878: 5872: 5871: 5868: 5860: 5852: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5839: 5833: 5832: 5826: 5818: 5810: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5797: 5791: 5790: 5787: 5779: 5771: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5758: 5752: 5751: 5750:–Conservative 5745: 5737: 5729: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5716: 5710: 5709: 5706: 5698: 5690: 5685: 5683: 5680: 5677: 5671: 5670: 5667: 5659: 5651: 5646: 5644: 5641: 5638: 5633: 5627: 5626: 5623: 5615: 5607: 5602: 5600: 5597: 5594: 5588: 5587: 5584: 5576: 5568: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5555: 5550: 5544: 5543: 5540: 5532: 5524: 5519: 5517: 5514: 5511: 5506: 5500: 5499: 5496: 5488: 5480: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5467: 5461: 5460: 5454: 5446: 5438: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5425: 5419: 5418: 5415: 5407: 5399: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5386: 5381: 5375: 5374: 5371: 5363: 5355: 5350: 5348: 5345: 5342: 5337: 5331: 5330: 5325: 5317: 5309: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5296: 5290: 5289: 5286: 5278: 5270: 5265: 5263: 5260: 5257: 5252: 5246: 5245: 5242: 5234: 5226: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5213: 5208: 5202: 5201: 5198: 5195: 5192: 5188: 5187: 5184: 5181: 5178: 5175: 5172: 5160: 5157: 5156: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5138: 5135: 5134: 5133: 5127: 5124: 5118: 5110: 5107: 5106: 5105: 5099: 5096: 5090: 5087: 5081: 5078: 5072: 5069: 5063: 5060: 5054: 5051:Herbert Samuel 5046: 5043: 5042: 5041: 5035: 5029: 5023: 5017: 5014:Clement Davies 5011: 5005: 4999: 4993: 4992: 4991: 4988:Donald Maclean 4977: 4974: 4973: 4972: 4966: 4960: 4954: 4951: 4945: 4939: 4931: 4928: 4927: 4926: 4920: 4914: 4908: 4902: 4896: 4890: 4884: 4878: 4872: 4866: 4860: 4854: 4848: 4842: 4836: 4830: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4738: 4735: 4646:nonconformists 4588:Main article: 4585: 4582: 4523:, founded the 4483: 4480: 4383:Clement Davies 4316: 4313: 4286:Radical Action 4246: 4243: 4235:Clement Davies 4178:Sir John Simon 4171:Herbert Samuel 4153: 4150: 4072:1923 elections 4018:khaki election 3956: 3953: 3926:Admiral Fisher 3861: 3858: 3774:House of Lords 3762:Fee Fi Fo Phat 3679:Arthur Balfour 3629:Arthur Balfour 3582:Main article: 3579: 3578:Liberal zenith 3576: 3507:John A. Hobson 3503:L. T. Hobhouse 3460: 3457: 3432:Nonconformists 3396: 3393: 3377:R. C. K. Ensor 3368:Main article: 3365: 3362: 3338: 3335: 3303:Main article: 3300: 3297: 3264:Main article: 3261: 3258: 3250:Lord Salisbury 3198:Main article: 3195: 3192: 3142:Judicature Act 3079:Queen Victoria 3036: 3033: 2976:Nonconformists 2968:Richard Cobden 2960:House of Lords 2937:Lord Melbourne 2928:middle classes 2857:Main article: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2759:prime minister 2680: 2679: 2677: 2676: 2669: 2662: 2654: 2651: 2650: 2649: 2648: 2636: 2621: 2620: 2617: 2616: 2614:Utilitarianism 2611: 2606: 2601: 2600: 2599: 2594: 2587:Libertarianism 2584: 2582:Land value tax 2579: 2578: 2577: 2567: 2562: 2557: 2555:Egalitarianism 2552: 2547: 2546: 2545: 2535: 2534: 2533: 2523: 2518: 2513: 2511:Anti-communism 2508: 2502: 2500:Related topics 2499: 2498: 2495: 2494: 2491: 2490: 2485: 2480: 2475: 2474: 2473: 2468: 2467: 2466: 2456: 2454:Arizona School 2446: 2445: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2429: 2422:United Kingdom 2419: 2414: 2409: 2404: 2399: 2394: 2389: 2384: 2379: 2374: 2369: 2364: 2359: 2354: 2349: 2344: 2339: 2334: 2333: 2332: 2322: 2317: 2312: 2307: 2302: 2297: 2292: 2287: 2282: 2277: 2272: 2267: 2262: 2257: 2252: 2247: 2242: 2237: 2236: 2235: 2225: 2220: 2215: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2195: 2194: 2193: 2183: 2178: 2173: 2168: 2163: 2158: 2153: 2148: 2143: 2138: 2133: 2128: 2123: 2118: 2113: 2112: 2111: 2101: 2096: 2091: 2086: 2081: 2076: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2051: 2046: 2040: 2035: 2034: 2031: 2030: 2025: 2024: 2019: 2014: 2009: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1989: 1984: 1979: 1974: 1969: 1964: 1958: 1957: 1956: 1953: 1952: 1949: 1948: 1945: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1884: 1879: 1874: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1829: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1809: 1804: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1738: 1735: 1734: 1731: 1730: 1727: 1726: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1701: 1696: 1691: 1686: 1681: 1676: 1671: 1666: 1661: 1656: 1651: 1646: 1641: 1636: 1631: 1626: 1621: 1616: 1611: 1606: 1601: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1581: 1576: 1571: 1566: 1561: 1556: 1551: 1549:Wollstonecraft 1546: 1541: 1536: 1531: 1526: 1521: 1516: 1511: 1506: 1501: 1496: 1491: 1486: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1466: 1460: 1455: 1454: 1451: 1450: 1447: 1446: 1440: 1434: 1429: 1428: 1425: 1424: 1421: 1420: 1415: 1414: 1413: 1408: 1401:Social justice 1398: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1367: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1351: 1341: 1340: 1339: 1334: 1324: 1319: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1302:Market economy 1299: 1294: 1293: 1292: 1287: 1277: 1270: 1265: 1263:Invisible hand 1260: 1255: 1253:Harm principle 1250: 1249: 1248: 1243: 1238: 1233: 1232: 1231: 1226: 1211: 1206: 1205: 1204: 1199: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1169: 1163: 1160: 1159: 1156: 1155: 1152: 1151: 1146: 1141: 1136: 1131: 1130: 1129: 1124: 1119: 1118: 1117: 1102: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1067: 1066: 1065: 1055: 1050: 1045: 1039: 1036: 1035: 1032: 1031: 1023: 1022: 1016: 1015: 1003: 1002: 1000: 999: 992: 985: 977: 974: 973: 972: 971: 959: 944: 943: 940: 939: 938: 937: 927: 922: 917: 916: 915: 905: 904: 903: 898: 887: 885:Related topics 884: 883: 880: 879: 876: 875: 870: 865: 860: 855: 850: 844: 841: 840: 837: 836: 833: 832: 827: 822: 817: 812: 807: 802: 797: 791: 788: 787: 784: 783: 780: 779: 777:Wollstonecraft 774: 769: 764: 759: 754: 749: 744: 739: 734: 729: 724: 719: 714: 709: 704: 699: 694: 689: 684: 679: 674: 669: 664: 659: 654: 649: 644: 639: 634: 629: 624: 618: 615: 614: 611: 610: 607: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 580: 577: 576: 573: 572: 569: 568: 563: 561:Social justice 558: 553: 548: 541: 536: 531: 526: 521: 516: 511: 506: 501: 496: 490: 487: 486: 483: 482: 479: 478: 473: 468: 463: 458: 453: 452: 451: 441: 440: 439: 434: 429: 424: 413: 410: 409: 406: 405: 397: 396: 386: 385: 373: 372: 370: 369: 364: 359: 353: 350: 349: 344: 340: 339: 332: 328: 327: 325: 324: 318: 311: 309: 305: 304: 298: 294: 293: 291: 290: 283: 275: 273: 269: 268: 266: 265: 259: 252: 250: 244: 243: 236: 230: 229: 222: 218: 217: 187: 181: 180: 178:Young Liberals 175: 169: 168: 158: 154: 153: 142: 138: 137: 135: 134: 129: 124: 119: 113: 111: 110:Merger of 107: 106: 93: 89: 88: 75: 71: 70: 65: 61: 60: 52: 51: 47: 46: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11894: 11883: 11880: 11878: 11875: 11873: 11870: 11868: 11865: 11863: 11860: 11858: 11855: 11853: 11850: 11848: 11845: 11843: 11840: 11838: 11835: 11834: 11832: 11813: 11810: 11809: 11806: 11799: 11795: 11785: 11784: 11780: 11778: 11775: 11773: 11770: 11768: 11765: 11763: 11760: 11758: 11755: 11753: 11750: 11748: 11747:Liberal Leave 11745: 11743: 11740: 11738: 11735: 11733: 11730: 11728: 11725: 11723: 11720: 11718: 11715: 11713: 11710: 11708: 11707:Liberal Party 11705: 11703: 11700: 11698: 11695: 11693: 11690: 11688: 11685: 11683: 11680: 11678: 11675: 11671: 11668: 11667: 11666: 11663: 11661: 11658: 11656: 11653: 11651: 11648: 11647: 11644: 11637: 11633: 11623: 11620: 11618: 11615: 11613: 11612:History Group 11610: 11608: 11605: 11603: 11600: 11598: 11595: 11593: 11590: 11588: 11585: 11584: 11581: 11574: 11570: 11555: 11551: 11547: 11543: 11540: 11538: 11535: 11534: 11532: 11530: 11526: 11520: 11519:Federal Board 11517: 11516: 11514: 11510: 11504: 11501: 11500: 11498: 11494: 11488: 11485: 11483: 11480: 11479: 11477: 11473: 11467: 11464: 11462: 11459: 11457: 11454: 11453: 11451: 11449:State parties 11447: 11440: 11437: 11434: 11431: 11428: 11425: 11422: 11419: 11416: 11413: 11410: 11407: 11404: 11401: 11398: 11395: 11392: 11389: 11388: 11386: 11382: 11376: 11373: 11371: 11368: 11366: 11363: 11362: 11360: 11356: 11352: 11345: 11341: 11331: 11328: 11326: 11323: 11321: 11318: 11316: 11313: 11312: 11309: 11305: 11300: 11296: 11282: 11279: 11277: 11274: 11272: 11269: 11267: 11266:2010 (Hughes) 11264: 11262: 11259: 11257: 11254: 11253: 11251: 11247: 11241: 11238: 11236: 11233: 11231: 11228: 11226: 11225:2015 (Farron) 11223: 11221: 11218: 11216: 11213: 11211: 11208: 11206: 11203: 11202: 11200: 11196: 11192: 11185: 11181: 11166: 11163: 11160: 11157: 11154: 11151: 11148: 11145: 11142: 11139: 11136: 11133: 11130: 11127: 11124: 11121: 11118: 11115: 11112: 11111:Wrigglesworth 11109: 11108: 11106: 11104: 11100: 11093: 11090: 11087: 11084: 11081: 11078: 11075: 11072: 11069: 11066: 11063: 11060: 11057: 11054: 11051: 11048: 11045: 11042: 11041: 11039: 11037: 11033: 11026: 11023: 11020: 11017: 11014: 11011: 11008: 11005: 11002: 10999: 10996: 10993: 10990: 10987: 10984: 10981: 10978: 10975: 10974: 10972: 10970: 10966: 10959: 10956: 10953: 10950: 10947: 10944: 10941: 10938: 10935: 10932: 10929: 10926: 10923: 10920: 10917: 10914: 10911: 10908: 10905: 10902: 10899: 10896: 10895: 10893: 10891: 10887: 10883: 10876: 10872: 10868: 10859: 10854: 10852: 10847: 10845: 10840: 10839: 10836: 10818: 10813: 10810: 10807:("Simonites") 10805: 10802: 10797: 10794: 10790: 10785: 10782: 10781: 10778: 10771: 10767: 10755: 10752: 10751: 10750: 10747: 10745: 10742: 10740: 10737: 10735: 10732: 10730: 10727: 10725: 10724: 10720: 10718: 10715: 10713: 10712: 10708: 10706: 10703: 10701: 10700: 10696: 10694: 10691: 10687: 10686:in Opposition 10684: 10681: 10680: 10678: 10674: 10673:in Opposition 10671: 10668: 10666: 10665:in Government 10663: 10660: 10659: 10657: 10655: 10652: 10651: 10648: 10641: 10637: 10626: 10623: 10619: 10616: 10613: 10610: 10607: 10604: 10601: 10598: 10596: 10593: 10591: 10588: 10587: 10584: 10577: 10573: 10559: 10556: 10554: 10551: 10549: 10546: 10545: 10543: 10541: 10537: 10531: 10528: 10527: 10525: 10521: 10515: 10512: 10510: 10507: 10505: 10502: 10500: 10497: 10496: 10494: 10492:State parties 10490: 10484: 10481: 10479: 10476: 10474: 10471: 10469: 10466: 10465: 10463: 10459: 10453: 10450: 10448: 10445: 10443: 10440: 10439: 10437: 10433: 10429: 10422: 10418: 10402: 10398: 10394: 10390: 10386: 10382: 10381: 10379: 10375: 10367: 10363: 10359: 10355: 10354: 10352: 10348: 10340: 10336: 10332: 10328: 10324: 10320: 10316: 10312: 10308: 10304: 10300: 10296: 10292: 10288: 10287: 10285: 10281: 10277: 10270: 10266: 10256: 10253: 10251: 10250:1967 (Thorpe) 10248: 10247: 10244: 10237: 10233: 10217: 10213: 10209: 10205: 10201: 10197: 10193: 10189: 10185: 10181: 10177: 10173: 10169: 10165: 10161: 10157: 10153: 10149: 10145: 10141: 10137: 10133: 10129: 10125: 10121: 10117: 10113: 10109: 10105: 10101: 10097: 10093: 10089: 10085: 10081: 10077: 10073: 10069: 10065: 10061: 10057: 10053: 10049: 10045: 10041: 10037: 10033: 10032:Rees-Williams 10029: 10025: 10021: 10017: 10013: 10009: 10005: 10001: 9997: 9993: 9989: 9985: 9981: 9977: 9973: 9969: 9965: 9961: 9957: 9953: 9949: 9945: 9941: 9937: 9933: 9929: 9925: 9921: 9917: 9913: 9909: 9905: 9904:Bonham Carter 9901: 9897: 9893: 9889: 9885: 9881: 9877: 9873: 9869: 9865: 9861: 9857: 9853: 9849: 9845: 9841: 9837: 9833: 9829: 9825: 9821: 9817: 9813: 9809: 9808:Spence Watson 9805: 9801: 9797: 9793: 9789: 9785: 9781: 9777: 9773: 9769: 9765: 9764: 9762: 9760: 9756: 9748: 9744: 9740: 9736: 9732: 9728: 9724: 9720: 9716: 9712: 9708: 9704: 9700: 9696: 9692: 9688: 9684: 9680: 9679: 9677: 9673: 9665: 9661: 9657: 9653: 9649: 9645: 9641: 9637: 9633: 9629: 9625: 9621: 9617: 9613: 9609: 9605: 9601: 9597: 9593: 9589: 9585: 9581: 9580: 9578: 9574: 9562: 9558: 9554: 9550: 9546: 9542: 9538: 9534: 9530: 9526: 9522: 9518: 9514: 9510: 9506: 9502: 9495: 9491: 9487: 9483: 9482: 9480: 9476: 9468: 9464: 9460: 9456: 9452: 9448: 9444: 9440: 9436: 9432: 9428: 9424: 9420: 9416: 9412: 9408: 9404: 9400: 9399: 9397: 9393: 9385: 9381: 9377: 9373: 9369: 9365: 9361: 9357: 9353: 9349: 9345: 9341: 9337: 9333: 9329: 9325: 9324: 9322: 9318: 9315: 9313: 9309: 9305: 9298: 9294: 9290: 9289:Liberal Party 9283: 9278: 9276: 9271: 9269: 9264: 9263: 9260: 9253: 9250: 9247: 9244: 9241: 9238: 9235: 9232: 9229: 9226: 9223: 9220: 9217: 9214: 9211: 9208: 9205: 9202: 9199: 9196: 9193: 9190: 9187: 9184: 9181: 9178: 9175: 9171: 9168: 9165: 9162: 9161: 9152: 9148: 9145: 9143: 9139: 9136: 9134: 9130: 9127: 9125: 9121: 9118: 9115: 9114: 9110: 9107: 9106: 9102: 9101: 9097: 9093: 9092: 9083: 9079: 9075: 9072: 9068: 9064: 9063: 9059: 9055: 9051: 9050: 9040: 9036: 9033: 9029: 9028: 9025: 9021: 9017: 9014: 9010: 9006: 9003: 8999: 8995: 8993: 8989: 8986:Sykes, Alan, 8985: 8984: 8980: 8976: 8973: 8969: 8965: 8962: 8958: 8955: 8951: 8947: 8944: 8940: 8936: 8933: 8929: 8928: 8924: 8920: 8916: 8913: 8909: 8906: 8902: 8898: 8895: 8894:0-300-06718-6 8891: 8888:(Yale, 1993) 8887: 8883: 8880: 8877:Packer, Ian. 8876: 8874: 8870: 8866: 8863: 8860: 8854: 8850: 8846: 8842: 8839: 8835: 8831: 8828: 8824: 8820: 8817: 8813: 8809: 8806: 8802: 8798: 8795: 8791: 8788: 8784: 8781: 8777: 8773: 8771: 8767: 8763: 8760: 8758: 8754: 8750: 8747: 8743: 8742:Jones, Thomas 8740: 8737: 8733: 8730: 8726: 8722: 8719: 8715: 8712: 8711:History Today 8708: 8705: 8701: 8697: 8694: 8690: 8686: 8683: 8679: 8675: 8672: 8671: 8666: 8664: 8660: 8657:Hamer, D. A. 8656: 8653: 8649: 8645: 8642: 8638: 8634: 8631: 8627: 8623: 8620: 8619:History Today 8616: 8614: 8610: 8606: 8603: 8599: 8595: 8593: 8589: 8585: 8582: 8578: 8576: 8572: 8568: 8565: 8564:0-333-91838-X 8561: 8557: 8554:Cook, Chris. 8553: 8550: 8546: 8542: 8539: 8536: 8533: 8530: 8526: 8523: 8517: 8513: 8508: 8505: 8501: 8498: 8494: 8493:Adelman, Paul 8491: 8490: 8487: 8483: 8468: 8462: 8458: 8451: 8444: 8438: 8436: 8427: 8425:9780191044144 8421: 8417: 8416: 8408: 8401: 8395: 8388: 8382: 8375: 8369: 8353: 8347: 8340: 8334: 8326: 8313: 8312:GCSE Bitesize 8309: 8303: 8288: 8284: 8278: 8271: 8265: 8257: 8255:9780826458148 8251: 8247: 8246: 8238: 8230: 8226: 8220: 8212: 8210:9781860645969 8206: 8202: 8201: 8196: 8190: 8175: 8171: 8164: 8156: 8152: 8147: 8142: 8138: 8134: 8130: 8123: 8114: 8106: 8102: 8096: 8088: 8084: 8078: 8070: 8066: 8060: 8053: 8047: 8040: 8036: 8031: 8023: 8019: 8013: 8006: 8002: 7998: 7992: 7984: 7978: 7974: 7970: 7964: 7948: 7947: 7939: 7932: 7926: 7919: 7913: 7906: 7900: 7893: 7887: 7879: 7877:9780198217152 7873: 7869: 7868: 7860: 7852: 7848: 7844: 7840: 7836: 7832: 7828: 7824: 7817: 7809: 7807:9780571280223 7803: 7799: 7798: 7791: 7786: 7780:(1985), p. 3. 7779: 7773: 7771: 7763: 7757: 7748: 7740: 7738:9780521530538 7734: 7730: 7729: 7721: 7713: 7711:9781317877820 7707: 7704:. Routledge. 7703: 7702: 7694: 7683: 7676: 7669: 7661: 7659:9780815630425 7655: 7651: 7650: 7642: 7634: 7632:9780435327576 7628: 7625:. Heinemann. 7624: 7623: 7615: 7608: 7602: 7594: 7579: 7573: 7569: 7565: 7561: 7560: 7554: 7549: 7543: 7535: 7528: 7520: 7513: 7505: 7498: 7490: 7486: 7482: 7478: 7474: 7470: 7463: 7456: 7452: 7447: 7441: 7437: 7433: 7427: 7420: 7416: 7411: 7403: 7397: 7393: 7388: 7387: 7378: 7371: 7367: 7362: 7355: 7354:King George V 7349: 7342: 7336: 7328: 7326:9780230210912 7322: 7318: 7317: 7309: 7301: 7297: 7293: 7289: 7285: 7281: 7274: 7267: 7263: 7257: 7250: 7244: 7237: 7234:Martin Pugh, 7231: 7224: 7218: 7211: 7205: 7198: 7192: 7185: 7179: 7172: 7166: 7159: 7155: 7150: 7142: 7136: 7128: 7121: 7113: 7111:9781137056078 7107: 7103: 7102: 7094: 7087: 7081: 7074: 7070: 7065: 7057: 7053: 7049: 7045: 7041: 7037: 7033: 7029: 7022: 7014: 7008: 7000: 6996: 6989: 6982: 6976: 6969: 6965: 6959: 6952: 6946: 6939: 6933: 6926: 6923:J. P. Parry, 6920: 6904: 6898: 6891: 6885: 6878: 6872: 6865: 6859: 6850: 6843: 6837: 6830: 6826: 6821: 6813: 6807: 6803: 6802: 6794: 6779: 6773: 6769: 6768: 6760: 6753: 6748: 6746: 6741: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6697: 6694: 6692: 6689: 6688: 6683: 6666: 6657: 6650: 6644: 6637: 6633: 6629: 6625: 6619: 6612: 6606: 6599: 6593: 6586: 6582: 6576: 6569: 6563: 6559: 6553: 6552: 6547:Conservative 6546: 6538: 6530: 6523: 6520: 6516: 6513: 6511: 6508: 6507: 6504:Conservative 6503: 6495: 6487: 6480: 6477: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6464: 6461:Conservative 6460: 6452: 6444: 6437: 6434: 6431: 6429: 6424: 6421: 6420: 6416: 6408: 6400: 6393: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6381: 6377: 6369: 6361: 6354: 6351: 6348: 6346: 6345:February 1974 6342: 6339:Conservative 6338: 6330: 6322: 6315: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6306:Jeremy Thorpe 6302: 6299: 6298: 6294: 6286: 6278: 6271: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6259: 6255: 6247: 6239: 6232: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6220: 6216: 6208: 6200: 6193: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6180: 6177: 6176: 6172: 6164: 6156: 6149: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6137: 6134: 6131:Conservative– 6130: 6122: 6114: 6107: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6096: 6095: 6091: 6083: 6075: 6068: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6055: 6052: 6051: 6047: 6039: 6031: 6024: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6011: 6008: 6007: 6003: 6000:Conservative– 5999: 5991: 5983: 5976: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5964: 5961: 5957: 5949: 5941: 5934: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5921: 5918: 5917: 5913: 5905: 5897: 5890: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5877: 5874: 5873: 5870:Conservative 5869: 5861: 5853: 5846: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5834: 5830: 5827: 5819: 5811: 5804: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5792: 5789:Conservative 5788: 5780: 5772: 5765: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5753: 5749: 5746: 5738: 5730: 5723: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5711: 5707: 5699: 5691: 5684: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5675:December 1910 5672: 5668: 5660: 5652: 5645: 5642: 5639: 5637: 5636:H. H. Asquith 5632: 5628: 5624: 5616: 5608: 5601: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5589: 5585: 5577: 5569: 5562: 5559: 5556: 5554: 5549: 5546: 5545: 5541: 5533: 5525: 5518: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5505: 5502: 5501: 5497: 5489: 5481: 5474: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5463: 5462: 5459: 5456:Conservative– 5455: 5447: 5439: 5432: 5429: 5426: 5424: 5421: 5420: 5416: 5408: 5400: 5393: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5380: 5377: 5376: 5372: 5364: 5356: 5349: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5336: 5333: 5332: 5329: 5326: 5318: 5310: 5303: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5291: 5287: 5279: 5271: 5264: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5251: 5248: 5247: 5243: 5235: 5227: 5220: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5207: 5204: 5203: 5199: 5196: 5193: 5190: 5189: 5169: 5166: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5140: 5131: 5128: 5125: 5122: 5119: 5116: 5113: 5112: 5103: 5100: 5097: 5094: 5091: 5088: 5085: 5082: 5079: 5076: 5073: 5070: 5067: 5064: 5061: 5058: 5055: 5052: 5049: 5048: 5039: 5036: 5033: 5030: 5027: 5026:Jeremy Thorpe 5024: 5021: 5018: 5015: 5012: 5009: 5006: 5003: 5000: 4997: 4994: 4989: 4986: 4985: 4983: 4982:H. H. Asquith 4980: 4979: 4970: 4969:H. H. Asquith 4967: 4964: 4961: 4958: 4955: 4952: 4949: 4946: 4943: 4940: 4937: 4934: 4933: 4924: 4921: 4918: 4915: 4912: 4909: 4906: 4903: 4900: 4897: 4894: 4891: 4888: 4885: 4882: 4879: 4876: 4873: 4870: 4867: 4864: 4861: 4858: 4855: 4852: 4849: 4846: 4843: 4840: 4837: 4834: 4831: 4828: 4825: 4824: 4813: 4811: 4805: 4803: 4799: 4798:John Clifford 4795: 4791: 4787: 4783: 4779: 4775: 4771: 4767: 4762: 4760: 4756: 4752: 4748: 4744: 4743:nonconformist 4734: 4732: 4728: 4724: 4719: 4717: 4713: 4712: 4707: 4703: 4698: 4696: 4695:welfare state 4692: 4688: 4684: 4683:H. H. Asquith 4680: 4676: 4671: 4666: 4661: 4659: 4655: 4651: 4647: 4643: 4639: 4635: 4634:Victorian era 4631: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4618: 4617:laissez-faire 4614:, supporting 4613: 4605: 4601: 4596: 4591: 4581: 4579: 4575: 4574:Liberal Party 4571: 4567: 4562: 4560: 4556: 4551: 4549: 4545: 4540: 4537: 4533: 4528: 4526: 4522: 4518: 4514: 4509: 4507: 4503: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4479: 4477: 4474: 4470: 4466: 4462: 4458: 4454: 4449: 4447: 4443: 4442:Harold Wilson 4439: 4435: 4431: 4427: 4423: 4419: 4415: 4414:David Austick 4411: 4407: 4406:Clement Freud 4403: 4399: 4395: 4390: 4388: 4384: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4368: 4367:Jeremy Thorpe 4363: 4361: 4356: 4354: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4338: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4312: 4310: 4305: 4303: 4299: 4295: 4291: 4287: 4283: 4279: 4274: 4272: 4268: 4264: 4260: 4256: 4252: 4251:1935 election 4242: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4216: 4212: 4211:protectionism 4207: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4193: 4188: 4184: 4179: 4172: 4168: 4163: 4159: 4149: 4147: 4143: 4142:Celtic fringe 4139: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4118: 4116: 4112: 4107: 4103: 4093: 4089: 4086: 4082: 4078: 4073: 4069: 4064: 4062: 4058: 4057:Chanak Crisis 4054: 4049: 4047: 4043: 4039: 4035: 4031: 4027: 4023: 4019: 4015: 4006: 4002: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3982: 3979: 3978: 3977:laissez-faire 3970: 3966: 3962: 3952: 3947: 3942: 3939: 3935: 3931: 3927: 3923: 3913: 3908: 3906: 3905: 3898: 3896: 3889: 3887: 3880: 3878: 3871: 3867: 3857: 3855: 3854: 3849: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3833: 3832: 3826: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3810: 3809:Edward Carson 3807:, led by Sir 3806: 3802: 3797: 3795: 3791: 3790:December 1910 3787: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3763: 3759: 3758: 3753: 3749: 3744: 3740: 3739:and welfare. 3738: 3734: 3726: 3725:H. H. Asquith 3722: 3718: 3716: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3698:H. H. Asquith 3695: 3691: 3686: 3684: 3680: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3666:H. H. Asquith 3663: 3659: 3655: 3651: 3650:Lord Rosebery 3647: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3615:; Chancellor 3614: 3610: 3606: 3601: 3595: 3594:1906 election 3590: 3585: 3574: 3569: 3567: 3561: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3547: 3543: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3526:welfare state 3523: 3519: 3515: 3510: 3508: 3504: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3483: 3479: 3477: 3470: 3466: 3456: 3452: 3450: 3445: 3441: 3437: 3433: 3429: 3425: 3421: 3417: 3413: 3406: 3402: 3392: 3390: 3386: 3385:Lord Rosebery 3381: 3378: 3371: 3360: 3358: 3353: 3346: 3343: 3334: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3306: 3296: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3267: 3257: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3246:1886 election 3242: 3239: 3238:1886 election 3235: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3201: 3191: 3189: 3188:1880 election 3185: 3181: 3177: 3173: 3169: 3164: 3162: 3158: 3154: 3150: 3145: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3130:secret ballot 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3105: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3082: 3080: 3075: 3074:working class 3071: 3070: 3069:laissez-faire 3065: 3055: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3035:Gladstone era 3032: 3030: 3026: 3021: 3015: 3012: 3008: 3007:Lord Aberdeen 3004: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2987:Conservatives 2983: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2956: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2933: 2929: 2924: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2879: 2875: 2870: 2866: 2860: 2845: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2824:, economist 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2806: 2804: 2803:Liberal Party 2800: 2796: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2780: 2775: 2773: 2768: 2764: 2760: 2755: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2744:welfare state 2741: 2737: 2736:H. H. Asquith 2733: 2730: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2691: 2687: 2686:Liberal Party 2675: 2670: 2668: 2663: 2661: 2656: 2655: 2653: 2652: 2647: 2642: 2637: 2635: 2630: 2625: 2624: 2623: 2622: 2615: 2612: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2598: 2595: 2593: 2590: 2589: 2588: 2585: 2583: 2580: 2576: 2573: 2572: 2571: 2570:Individualism 2568: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2551: 2548: 2544: 2541: 2540: 2539: 2536: 2532: 2529: 2528: 2527: 2524: 2522: 2519: 2517: 2514: 2512: 2509: 2507: 2504: 2503: 2497: 2496: 2489: 2486: 2484: 2481: 2479: 2476: 2472: 2469: 2465: 2462: 2461: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2452: 2451: 2450: 2449:United States 2447: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2424: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2403: 2400: 2398: 2395: 2393: 2390: 2388: 2385: 2383: 2380: 2378: 2375: 2373: 2370: 2368: 2365: 2363: 2360: 2358: 2355: 2353: 2350: 2348: 2345: 2343: 2340: 2338: 2335: 2331: 2328: 2327: 2326: 2323: 2321: 2318: 2316: 2313: 2311: 2308: 2306: 2303: 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1467: 1465: 1462: 1461: 1458: 1453: 1452: 1444: 1441: 1439: 1436: 1435: 1432: 1427: 1426: 1419: 1416: 1412: 1411:Welfare state 1409: 1407: 1404: 1403: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1347: 1346: 1345: 1342: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1330: 1329: 1328: 1325: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1291: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1282: 1281: 1278: 1276: 1275: 1274:Laissez-faire 1271: 1269: 1266: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1230: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1221: 1220: 1217: 1216: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1194: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1164: 1158: 1157: 1150: 1147: 1145: 1142: 1140: 1137: 1135: 1132: 1128: 1125: 1123: 1120: 1116: 1113: 1112: 1111: 1108: 1107: 1106: 1103: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1088: 1086: 1083: 1081: 1078: 1076: 1073: 1071: 1068: 1064: 1061: 1060: 1059: 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10717:Lib–Lab pact 10709: 10697: 10685: 10672: 10664: 10255:1976 (Steel) 9655: 9639: 9623: 9607: 9505:Lloyd George 9288: 9174:LSE Archives 9146: 9137: 9128: 9119: 9112: 9104: 9095: 9077: 9066: 9053: 9038: 9031: 9019: 9008: 8997: 8987: 8978: 8967: 8960: 8949: 8938: 8931: 8918: 8911: 8900: 8885: 8878: 8868: 8849:Lloyd George 8848: 8833: 8822: 8811: 8800: 8793: 8786: 8775: 8765: 8752: 8746:Lloyd George 8745: 8735: 8724: 8717: 8710: 8699: 8688: 8677: 8668: 8658: 8647: 8640: 8636: 8625: 8618: 8608: 8597: 8587: 8580: 8570: 8555: 8544: 8537: 8528: 8511: 8503: 8496: 8456: 8450: 8442: 8414: 8407: 8399: 8394: 8386: 8381: 8373: 8368: 8356:. 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Retrieved 6897: 6889: 6884: 6876: 6875:Chris Cook, 6871: 6863: 6862:D.A. Hamer, 6858: 6849: 6841: 6836: 6828: 6820: 6800: 6793: 6781:. Retrieved 6766: 6759: 6751: 6665: 6656: 6643: 6636:Lloyd George 6618: 6605: 6592: 6575: 6562: 6384:October 1974 5631:January 1910 5328:Conservative 5130:Gladwyn Jebb 5066:Percy Harris 4806: 4763: 4741:Since 1660, 4740: 4720: 4718:extremists. 4709: 4705: 4699: 4672: 4668: 4663: 4615: 4609: 4563: 4552: 4541: 4529: 4510: 4499: 4476:Denis Healey 4461:Lib-Lab pact 4450: 4422:Edward Heath 4391: 4379:Emlyn Hooson 4364: 4357: 4353:Eric Lubbock 4333:Huddersfield 4318: 4306: 4275: 4248: 4239:World War II 4208: 4175: 4138:unemployment 4125: 4119: 4111:Michael Foot 4099: 4085: 4065: 4050: 4044:Liberals or 4011: 3983: 3975: 3972: 3949: 3944: 3915: 3910: 3907:complained: 3902: 3899: 3894: 3891: 3882: 3877:Robert Blake 3873: 3851: 3846:. Historian 3828: 3825:Ulster-Scots 3798: 3767: 3755: 3729: 3687: 3642: 3571: 3563: 3558: 3554: 3511: 3500: 3472: 3453: 3438:outside the 3416:suffragettes 3408: 3382: 3373: 3352:Victorianism 3348: 3344: 3340: 3331:trade unions 3323:Labour Party 3308: 3269: 3243: 3203: 3165: 3159:through the 3146: 3134:trade unions 3106: 3083: 3067: 3060: 3016: 2984: 2957: 2953:conservative 2925: 2889:aristocratic 2882: 2841: 2814:Labour Party 2807: 2776: 2772:Labour Party 2756: 2748:party leader 2707:–supporting 2685: 2683: 2604:Pirate Party 2464:Jeffersonian 2372:South Africa 1862:Lloyd George 1457:Philosophers 1364:To bear arms 1312:Open society 1272: 1048:Conservative 901:Centre-right 858:The Guardian 804: 732:Mill (James) 722:Lloyd George 543: 444:Conservative 202: 157:Headquarters 40: 11429:(2017–2019) 11423:(2015–2017) 11417:(2007–2010) 11405:(2006–2007) 11399:(1999–2006) 11393:(1997–1999) 11167:(from 2020) 11161:(2015–2019) 11155:(2011–2014) 11149:(2009–2010) 11143:(2005–2008) 11137:(2001–2004) 11131:(1999–2000) 11125:(1995–1998) 11119:(1991–1994) 11113:(1989–1990) 11094:(from 2016) 11088:(2013–2016) 11082:(2004–2013) 11076:(2001–2004) 11070:(1997–2001) 11064:(1988–1997) 11027:(from 2020) 11021:(2019–2020) 11015:(2017–2019) 11009:(2014–2015) 11003:(2010–2014) 10997:(2006–2010) 10991:(2003–2006) 10985:(1992–2003) 10979:(1988–1992) 10960:(from 2020) 10948:(2017–2019) 10942:(2015–2017) 10936:(2007–2015) 10930:(2006–2007) 10924:(1999–2006) 10918:(1988–1999) 10620:(1956–1987) 10614:(1981–1988) 10608:(1981-1988) 10600:Reform Club 10395:(1931-1932) 10273:Governments 9992:Comyns Carr 9824:Dyke Acland 9810:(1890–1902) 9768:Chamberlain 9445:(1896–1902) 9378:(1899–1908) 9098:. Springer. 8602:online free 8318:28 February 8107:. BBC News. 8089:. BBC News. 8071:. BBC News. 7953:30 December 7673:Hansen, P. 7455:Roy Jenkins 6825:Martin Pugh 6428:David Steel 5186:Government 5123:(1952–1955) 5117:(1946–1951) 5104:(1985–1988) 5095:(1976–1979) 5093:John Pardoe 5086:(1962–1964) 5084:Donald Wade 5077:(1949–1951) 5068:(1940–1945) 5059:(1931–1935) 5053:(1929–1931) 5040:(1976–1988) 5038:David Steel 5028:(1967–1976) 5022:(1956–1967) 5016:(1945–1956) 5010:(1935–1945) 5004:(1931–1935) 4998:(1926–1931) 4971:(1908–1916) 4965:(1899–1908) 4959:(1894–1898) 4950:(1875–1880) 4944:(1865–1875) 4938:(1859–1865) 4925:(1984–1989) 4919:(1967–1984) 4913:(1955–1967) 4907:(1944–1955) 4901:(1936–1944) 4895:(1931–1936) 4889:(1924–1931) 4883:(1923–1924) 4877:(1908–1923) 4871:(1905–1908) 4865:(1902–1905) 4859:(1896–1902) 4853:(1894–1896) 4847:(1891–1894) 4841:(1868–1891) 4835:(1865–1868) 4829:(1859–1865) 4774:Corporation 4670:of choice. 4534:and at the 4513:Roy Jenkins 4469:John Pardoe 4457:David Steel 4434:Home Office 4402:Isle of Ely 4375:Plaid Cymru 4282:War Cabinet 4263:appeasement 3895:realpolitik 3746:Cartoonist 3702:Edward Grey 3670:Edward Grey 3654:John Morley 3436:Protestants 3327:coal-mining 3102:Bismarckian 3094:rule of law 2964:John Bright 2779:by-election 2432:Gladstonian 2392:Switzerland 2377:South Korea 2320:Philippines 2280:New Zealand 2275:Netherlands 1932:Verhofstadt 1927:Balcerowicz 1736:Politicians 1664:Collingwood 1604:Tocqueville 1479:Montesquieu 1371:Rule of law 1172:Due process 896:Centre-left 772:Taylor Mill 672:Collingwood 556:Rule of law 551:Natural law 504:Due process 427:Libertarian 422:Gladstonian 303:(1956–1987) 289:(1947–1988) 282:(1923–1936) 264:(1976–1979) 258:(1973–1976) 242:(1976–1988) 228:(1981–1988) 11831:Categories 11697:Whig Party 11512:Committees 11496:Conference 11375:Chief whip 11198:Leadership 11103:Presidents 10879:Leadership 10749:Whig Party 10523:Conference 10461:Frontbench 10452:Chief Whip 10200:Penhaligon 9936:Fothergill 9784:Fell Pease 9759:Presidents 9344:Hartington 9328:Palmerston 9301:Leadership 8858:0297767054 8314:. BBC News 7982:0283484772 7595:required.) 6737:References 6628:John Simon 6514:4,170,849 6471:4,273,146 6432:4,313,804 6388:5,346,704 6349:6,059,519 6310:2,117,035 6266:2,327,533 6227:3,099,283 6188:1,640,760 6184:Jo Grimond 6063:2,621,487 6019:2,177,938 5971:1,414,010 5929:1,346,571 5885:5,104,638 5841:2,818,717 5799:4,129,922 5760:2,601,486 5718:1,355,398 5679:2,157,256 5640:2,712,511 5596:2,565,644 5557:1,572,323 5513:1,765,266 5469:2,088,019 5427:1,353,581 5388:2,199,198 5344:1,836,423 5298:1,281,159 5259:1,428,776 5102:Alan Beith 5032:Jo Grimond 5020:Jo Grimond 4747:Dissenters 4723:Jo Grimond 4716:right-wing 4658:liberalism 4632:after the 4622:free trade 4548:David Owen 4517:David Owen 4453:homosexual 4416:). In the 4337:Jo Grimond 3633:ratepayers 3151:, and the 2995:opposition 2980:free trade 2901:Parliament 2893:Charles II 2863:See also: 2705:free trade 2560:Empiricism 2531:Democratic 2526:Capitalism 2437:Manchester 2270:Montenegro 2255:Luxembourg 2191:Venizelism 2121:Costa Rica 1376:Secularism 1209:Federalism 1161:Principles 1020:Liberalism 662:Chesterton 494:Capitalism 488:Principles 432:Manchester 391:Liberalism 343:Conference 199:Free trade 190:Liberalism 173:Youth wing 152:(minority) 147:(majority) 102:1988-03-02 84:1859-06-09 11348:Structure 11123:Maclennan 11047:(Liberal) 10907:Maclennan 10901:(Liberal) 10723:Liberator 10705:Glee Club 10425:Structure 10403:(1940–45) 10368:(1916–22) 10360:(1915–16) 10341:(1908–15) 10333:(1905–08) 10325:(1894–95) 10317:(1892–94) 10301:(1880–85) 10293:(1868–74) 10218:(1987–88) 10210:(1986–87) 10202:(1985–86) 10194:(1984–85) 10186:(1983–84) 10178:(1982–83) 10176:Griffiths 10170:(1981–82) 10162:(1980–81) 10154:(1979-80) 10146:(1978–79) 10138:(1977–78) 10130:(1976–77) 10128:Goldstone 10122:(1975–76) 10120:Wingfield 10114:(1974–75) 10106:(1973–74) 10098:(1972–73) 10090:(1971–72) 10082:(1969–70) 10074:(1968–69) 10066:(1967–68) 10058:(1966–67) 10050:(1965–66) 10042:(1964–65) 10034:(1963–64) 10026:(1962–63) 10024:F Brunner 10018:(1961–62) 10016:Malindine 10010:(1960–61) 10002:(1959–60) 10000:Glanville 9994:(1958–59) 9986:(1957–58) 9978:(1956–57) 9970:(1955–56) 9962:(1954–55) 9954:(1953–54) 9946:(1952–53) 9938:(1950–52) 9930:(1949–50) 9928:McFadyean 9922:(1948–49) 9914:(1947–48) 9906:(1945–47) 9898:(1936–43) 9890:(1930–33) 9882:(1927–30) 9874:(1926–27) 9866:(1923–26) 9858:(1920–23) 9856:Robertson 9850:(1918–20) 9842:(1911–18) 9840:J Brunner 9834:(1908–11) 9826:(1906–07) 9818:(1902–06) 9802:(1886–90) 9794:(1883–90) 9786:(1881–82) 9778:(1880–81) 9770:(1877–80) 9749:(1984–88) 9741:(1967–84) 9733:(1955–67) 9725:(1944–55) 9717:(1936–44) 9709:(1931–36) 9701:(1924–31) 9699:Beauchamp 9693:(1923–24) 9685:(1908–23) 9666:(1985–88) 9658:(1979-85) 9650:(1976-79) 9642:(1964–76) 9634:(1962–64) 9626:(1951–62) 9618:(1949–51) 9610:(1945–49) 9602:(1940–45) 9594:(1931–35) 9586:(1929–31) 9563:(1976–88) 9547:(1967–76) 9539:(1956–67) 9531:(1945–56) 9523:(1935–45) 9515:(1931–35) 9507:(1926–31) 9499:(1918–20) 9497:(interim) 9488:(1916–26) 9469:(1908–23) 9461:(1905–08) 9453:(1902–05) 9443:Kimberley 9437:(1894–96) 9429:(1891–94) 9427:Kimberley 9421:(1868–91) 9419:Granville 9413:(1865–68) 9405:(1859–65) 9403:Granville 9386:(1908–16) 9370:(1896–98) 9362:(1894–96) 9354:(1880–94) 9352:Gladstone 9346:(1875–80) 9338:(1865–75) 9336:Gladstone 9330:(1859–65) 9170:Catalogue 8639:(1987)' 8155:1746-918X 7851:144038154 7210:Historian 7135:cite book 7056:154679807 7007:cite book 6909:30 August 6752:The Times 5831:minority 5807:158 / 615 5687:272 / 670 5648:274 / 670 5604:398 / 670 5565:183 / 670 5521:177 / 670 5477:272 / 670 5435:191 / 670 5396:319 / 670 5352:352 / 652 5306:242 / 652 5267:387 / 658 5223:369 / 658 5183:Position 5171:Election 5153:1967–1976 5148:1956–1967 5143:1945–1956 4731:socialist 4704:entitled 4660:in 1872: 4650:franchise 4638:the Crown 4398:elections 4394:Liverpool 4292:. At the 4115:Tony Benn 4061:Bonar Law 4022:Bonar Law 3823:, was of 3821:Bonar Law 3625:John Bull 3212:. In the 3138:judiciary 3126:Cambridge 2999:Corn Laws 2923:in 1832. 2917:Earl Grey 2905:democracy 2840:authored 2805:in 1989. 2575:Anarchist 2483:Venezuela 2459:Classical 2427:Cobdenism 2330:Cracovian 2285:Nicaragua 2250:Lithuania 2109:Hong Kong 2064:Australia 1902:Roosevelt 1872:Ståhlberg 1867:Venizelos 1822:Sarmiento 1812:Gladstone 1772:Lamartine 1742:Jefferson 1594:Martineau 1544:De Gouges 1529:Condorcet 1514:Priestley 1177:Democracy 1149:Third Way 1110:Christian 1105:Religious 1043:Classical 873:The Times 752:Priestley 682:Gladstone 647:Beveridge 417:Classical 367:Elections 203:Factions: 92:Dissolved 11702:Peelites 11135:Dholakia 11074:Williams 10989:Campbell 10977:Johnston 10928:Campbell 10734:Peelites 10711:The Land 10590:Brooks's 10080:S Robson 10072:Beaumont 9952:L Robson 9888:Brampton 9880:Hobhouse 9776:Collings 9592:Sinclair 9521:Sinclair 9435:Rosebery 9368:Harcourt 9360:Rosebery 9149:(1908); 9140:(1907); 9131:(1906); 8847:(1974), 8682:in JSTOR 8549:in JSTOR 8358:25 April 8292:25 April 8287:BBC News 8229:BBC News 8174:BBC News 8022:BBC News 8007:, p. 59. 7682:Archived 7436:Archived 6677:See also 6583:and the 6526:17 / 650 6519:Alliance 6483:17 / 650 6476:Alliance 6440:11 / 635 6396:13 / 635 6357:14 / 635 6274:12 / 630 6144:722,402 6102:730,546 6027:12 / 640 5979:21 / 615 5937:33 / 615 5893:59 / 615 5849:40 / 615 5768:62 / 615 5726:36 / 707 5625:Liberal 5373:Liberal 5288:Liberal 5244:Liberal 5215:508,821 4689:, whose 4640:and the 4584:Ideology 4504:won the 4321:Scotland 4261:and the 4053:rebelled 4042:Wee Free 3989:and the 3918:May 1915 3522:pensions 3440:Anglican 3003:Peelites 2909:Whiggery 2897:Radicals 2844:(1909). 2727:. 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