75:
31:
50:
262:
native to the eastern
Himalayas. It occurs in parts of Nepal, India, Bhutan, Myanmar, Vietnam and Tibet. Within its native range the tree is used for construction as well as for furniture. In Europe and North America, it is occasionally encountered as an ornamental species and was first brought to
313:. They are linear in shape, and 10 to 25 mm (0.5 to 1 inch) long by 2 to 2.5 mm (0.08 to 0.10 inches) wide. The ends are obtuse or rounded, and very occasionally emarginate. The upper surface of the leaves is green and shiny, while the undersides have 2 wide silvery
278:
at breast height is typically 40 to 50 cm (16 to 20 inches), but can be beyond 100 cm (40 inches). The crown on small trees is ovoid and their form is like that of pendulous bushes. Older trees tend to have multiple stems from one or two sinuous
295:
are oblique or horizontal. The twigs are reddish brown or greyish yellow in their first year and are pubescent, i.e. covered with short hairs. Branches that are 2 to 3 years old are greyish brown or dark grey with leaf scars. The
332:
are a green-yellow in colour and they lack an air sac. The pistillate flowers are round-ovate in shape, also solitarily arranged, terminal and slightly down-curved. They have many spiral scales with 2
340:
are about 9 mm (0.4 inches) long, ovate in shape, brown in colour and have thin wings in their upper parts. Flowering occurs from April to May and fruiting from
October to November.
359:
in the east. It is evident in the
Himalayan region of Nepal. The range continues southeast to northern Myanmar and Vietnam, and northeast to southeastern Tibet, northwestern
1015:
367:. In Vietnam it is only found at altitudes above 1,500 m (5,000 feet) on Hoang Lien Son Mountain. In that country it is usually mixed with
733:
955:
307:
are spirally arranged, pointing forward on the branches and placed distantly from one another compared to other species in the genus
862:
668:
875:
681:
465:
456:
407:
380:, though it can sometimes form a pure stand. It is adapted to areas with a cold climate and high rainfall and high humidity.
538:
317:
bands. The upper half of the leaves usually have small dents on the margins, i.e. the margins are rarely entire. The
985:
975:
738:
980:
888:
707:
241:
906:
787:
461:
233:
660:
647:
901:
880:
782:
686:
447:
274:
is a tree growing 20 to 25 m (65 to 80 feet) high and exceptionally to 40 m (130 feet). The
1000:
995:
965:
748:
1010:
526:
283:, especially in cultivation. The crown of mature trees is broad, irregular-pyramidal and open. The
425:
74:
1005:
990:
970:
655:
642:
594:
556:
291:: somewhat pinkish to grey-brown and heavily ridged with broad, shallow, flaky fissures. The
185:
761:
725:
616:
8:
39:
774:
927:
808:
225:
69:
849:
756:
603:
534:
356:
206:
932:
854:
813:
608:
420:
840:
960:
769:
280:
99:
498:
949:
720:
579:
398:
376:
300:
from the tree is a brownish yellow with a fine structure and straight veins.
284:
59:
54:
919:
800:
369:
694:
588:
352:
867:
673:
112:
30:
699:
629:
351:
is generally associated with the
Himalayas. In India, it occurs from
550:
914:
834:
795:
573:
275:
152:
893:
712:
634:
364:
314:
259:
142:
132:
122:
621:
360:
329:
325:
318:
304:
292:
249:
202:
333:
309:
288:
162:
86:
328:
are globose in shape, solitarily arranged and axillary. The
416:
337:
297:
533:. London: Harper Collins Publishers. pp. 146–147.
396:
1016:
Flora of the
Northern Indochina subtropical forests
397:Yang, Y.; Luscombe, D. & Rushforth, K. (2013).
947:
426:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42434A2979998.en
521:
519:
48:
29:
424:
525:
516:
466:United States Department of Agriculture
457:Germplasm Resources Information Network
408:The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
948:
531:Trees of Britain & Northern Europe
492:
490:
488:
486:
484:
482:
555:
554:
496:
749:16cb552f-a09e-47c4-8206-3cdb7c81b5e2
343:
956:IUCN Red List least concern species
479:
440:
390:
13:
14:
1027:
336:contained within each scale. The
321:is concave on the upper surface.
907:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:262910-1
788:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:264009-1
73:
287:is a similar to that of an old
497:Earle, Christopher J. (2006).
266:
254:
245:
237:
1:
462:Agricultural Research Service
383:
263:the United Kingdom in 1838.
7:
10:
1032:
824:
563:
505:. The Gymnosperm Database
191:
184:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
986:Flora of Assam (region)
976:Flora of India (region)
981:Flora of East Himalaya
220:, commonly called the
419:: e.T42434A2979998.
258:), is a species of
242:traditional Chinese
40:Conservation status
234:simplified Chinese
24:Himalayan hemlock
16:Species of conifer
943:
942:
757:Open Tree of Life
557:Taxon identifiers
363:and southwestern
357:Arunachal Pradesh
344:Range and habitat
222:Himalayan hemlock
213:
212:
63:
1023:
1001:Flora of Sichuan
996:Trees of Vietnam
966:Trees of Myanmar
936:
935:
923:
922:
910:
909:
897:
896:
884:
883:
871:
870:
858:
857:
845:
844:
843:
817:
816:
804:
803:
791:
790:
778:
777:
765:
764:
752:
751:
742:
741:
729:
728:
716:
715:
703:
702:
690:
689:
677:
676:
664:
663:
651:
650:
638:
637:
625:
624:
612:
611:
599:
598:
597:
584:
583:
582:
552:
551:
545:
544:
523:
514:
513:
511:
510:
494:
477:
476:
474:
472:
444:
438:
437:
435:
433:
428:
394:
355:in the west and
256:
247:
239:
197:
78:
77:
57:
52:
51:
33:
21:
20:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1011:Flora of Yunnan
946:
945:
944:
939:
931:
926:
918:
913:
905:
900:
892:
887:
879:
874:
866:
861:
853:
848:
839:
838:
833:
820:
812:
807:
799:
794:
786:
781:
773:
768:
760:
755:
747:
745:
737:
732:
724:
719:
711:
706:
698:
693:
685:
680:
672:
667:
659:
654:
646:
641:
633:
628:
620:
615:
607:
602:
593:
592:
587:
578:
577:
572:
559:
549:
548:
541:
524:
517:
508:
506:
495:
480:
470:
468:
446:
445:
441:
431:
429:
395:
391:
386:
346:
269:
209:
199:
193:
180:
72:
64:
53:
49:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1029:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1006:Flora of Tibet
1003:
998:
993:
991:Trees of Nepal
988:
983:
978:
973:
971:Trees of China
968:
963:
958:
941:
940:
938:
937:
933:wfo-0000481279
924:
911:
898:
885:
872:
859:
846:
830:
828:
822:
821:
819:
818:
814:wfo-0000456385
805:
792:
779:
766:
753:
743:
730:
717:
704:
691:
678:
665:
652:
639:
626:
613:
600:
585:
569:
567:
561:
560:
547:
546:
539:
527:Mitchell, Alan
515:
478:
439:
388:
387:
385:
382:
345:
342:
324:The staminate
268:
265:
255:Yúnnán tiěshān
230:Yunnan tieshan
211:
210:
200:
189:
188:
182:
181:
177:T. dumosa
174:
172:
168:
167:
160:
156:
155:
150:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
110:
103:
102:
97:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
47:
44:
43:
38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1028:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
953:
951:
934:
929:
925:
921:
916:
912:
908:
903:
899:
895:
890:
886:
882:
877:
873:
869:
864:
860:
856:
851:
847:
842:
836:
832:
831:
829:
827:
823:
815:
810:
806:
802:
797:
793:
789:
784:
780:
776:
771:
767:
763:
758:
754:
750:
744:
740:
735:
731:
727:
722:
718:
714:
709:
705:
701:
696:
692:
688:
683:
679:
675:
670:
666:
662:
657:
653:
649:
644:
640:
636:
631:
627:
623:
618:
614:
610:
605:
601:
596:
590:
586:
581:
575:
571:
570:
568:
566:
562:
558:
553:
542:
540:0-00-219213-6
536:
532:
528:
522:
520:
504:
502:
493:
491:
489:
487:
485:
483:
467:
463:
459:
458:
453:
451:
443:
427:
422:
418:
414:
410:
409:
404:
402:
393:
389:
381:
379:
378:
377:Abies pindrow
373:
371:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
322:
320:
316:
312:
311:
306:
301:
299:
294:
290:
286:
282:
277:
273:
264:
261:
257:
251:
243:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
218:
208:
204:
198:
196:
190:
187:
186:Binomial name
183:
179:
178:
173:
170:
169:
166:
165:
161:
158:
157:
154:
151:
148:
147:
144:
141:
138:
137:
134:
131:
128:
127:
124:
121:
118:
117:
114:
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
100:Tracheophytes
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
61:
56:
55:Least Concern
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
826:Pinus dumosa
825:
595:Tsuga dumosa
565:Tsuga dumosa
564:
530:
507:. Retrieved
501:Tsuga dumosa
500:
469:. Retrieved
455:
450:Tsuga dumosa
449:
442:
430:. Retrieved
412:
406:
401:Tsuga dumosa
400:
392:
375:
370:Rhododendron
368:
349:Tsuga dumosa
348:
347:
323:
308:
302:
272:Tsuga dumosa
271:
270:
253:
229:
221:
217:Tsuga dumosa
216:
215:
214:
195:Tsuga dumosa
194:
192:
176:
175:
163:
113:Gymnospermae
106:
93:
18:
775:kew-2516634
695:iNaturalist
589:Wikispecies
432:14 December
353:Uttarakhand
267:Description
950:Categories
770:Plant List
509:2007-05-13
384:References
119:Division:
841:Q17359355
661:200005387
648:200005387
171:Species:
133:Pinopsida
123:Pinophyta
83:Kingdom:
920:24901341
915:Tropicos
894:262910-1
835:Wikidata
801:24901644
796:Tropicos
713:264009-1
574:Wikidata
529:(1974).
315:stomatal
293:branches
276:diameter
153:Pinaceae
149:Family:
60:IUCN 3.1
868:5285854
674:2687227
622:1033657
580:Q476189
471:3 April
365:Sichuan
330:anthers
326:flowers
260:conifer
226:Chinese
207:Eichler
159:Genus:
143:Pinales
139:Order:
129:Class:
87:Plantae
58: (
762:608044
746:NZOR:
739:126280
700:135557
537:
361:Yunnan
334:ovules
319:midrib
305:leaves
252::
250:pinyin
244::
236::
224:or in
203:D. Don
961:Tsuga
881:28443
855:4J265
726:42434
687:40703
635:TSUDU
609:59HMC
338:seeds
310:Tsuga
289:larch
281:boles
164:Tsuga
107:Clade
94:Clade
902:POWO
889:IPNI
876:GRIN
863:GBIF
783:POWO
734:NCBI
721:IUCN
708:IPNI
682:GRIN
669:GBIF
630:EPPO
535:ISBN
473:2021
434:2017
417:IUCN
413:2013
374:and
372:spp.
303:The
298:wood
285:bark
246:雲南鐵杉
238:云南铁杉
928:WFO
850:CoL
809:WFO
656:FoC
643:FNA
617:EoL
604:CoL
421:doi
952::
930::
917::
904::
891::
878::
865::
852::
837::
811::
798::
785::
772::
759::
736::
723::
710::
697::
684::
671::
658::
645::
632::
619::
606::
591::
576::
518:^
481:^
464:,
460:.
454:.
415:.
411:.
405:.
248:;
240:;
228:,
205:)
109::
96::
543:.
512:.
503:"
499:"
475:.
452:"
448:"
436:.
423::
403:"
399:"
232:(
201:(
62:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
