293:
255:
243:
231:
219:
156:
131:
119:
107:
387:
1569:
209:
199:
187:
83:
71:
144:
279:
29:
175:
95:
492:
478:
436:
394:
520:
464:
422:
506:
408:
450:
781:
It has been said that "the ink was not dry on the Treaty" before the
English broke it—the civil articles were not honoured by the victorious Williamite government. The few Catholic landowners who took the oath in 1691-93 remained protected, including their descendants. Those who did not were known as
816:
on 22 July 1691, but without the strict loyalty oath required under the Treaty of
Limerick. The Galway garrison had been organised by the mostly-Catholic landed gentry of counties Galway and Mayo, who benefited from their property guarantees in the following century. The Limerick treaty marked the
857:
Ultimately the total amount received by the
Commissioners was: 752,953 acres paying rents of ÂŁ135,793 p.a., worth ÂŁ1,699,343. A further ÂŁ300,000 in chattels and ÂŁ1,092,000 of forestry had been seized, along with several hundred individual
611:
saw
Ireland as a distraction, a perspective shared by many of the English and Scots exiles. For the French, it was a way to divert Williamite resources, and their approach was purely military. After the Boyne, they recommended
631:, who advocated negotiating peace while they still retained an army. In May, a French convoy reached Limerick with additional French troops, arms and provisions but lack of transport meant most of it remained in the port.
550:, largely dictated by Irish Protestants; it offered the Jacobite rank and file amnesty, but by excluding senior officers, threatened another round of land confiscations. The war continued, with French victories in the
655:
where they embarked on ships for France, many of them accompanied by their wives and children. Individual soldiers wanting to join the French, Spanish or
Austrian armies also emigrated in what became known as the
663:
The
Jacobite soldiers also had the option of joining the Williamite army. 1,000 soldiers chose this option. The Jacobite soldiers thirdly had the option of returning home which some 2,000 soldiers chose.
805:, to make it difficult for the Irish Catholic gentry who had not taken the oath by 1695 to remain Catholic. The laws were extended for political reasons by the Dublin administration during the
1604:
639:
These articles dealt with the treatment of the disbanded
Jacobite army. Under the treaty, Jacobite soldiers in formed regiments had the option to leave with their arms and flags for
1050:
Limerick; Its
History and Antiquities, Ecclesiastical, Civil, and Military: From the Earliest Ages, with Copious Historical, Archaeological, Topographical, and Genealogical Notes
592:
was divided politically, all parties broadly agreed on the need to re-establishing the pre-1685 settlement. In fact, Parliament wanted more resources dedicated to
Ireland than
854:
491 had been pardoned in accord with the treaties at Cavan and
Limerick, and 792 otherwise; Some of the remaining 2,638 persons or their families had had property restored.
546:
in July 1690 was less decisive than appeared at the time, Jacobite losses being around 2,000 out of a force of 25,000. That assumption formed the basis of the
1613:
672:
191:
703:
and merchants who chose to remain in Ireland, most of whom were Catholics. Their property was not to be confiscated so long as they swore allegiance to
812:
It is often thought that Limerick was the only treaty between the Jacobites and the Williamites. A similar treaty had been signed on the surrender of
1069:
778:, who was the actual draftsman. The treaty was signed by Porter, Coningsby, and de Ginkel, and witnessed by Scavenmoer, H. Mackay, and T. Talmash.
386:
1599:
336:. It consisted of two separate agreements, one with military terms of surrender, signed by commanders of a French expeditionary force and Irish
533:
1726:
1754:
1649:
747:
75:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1378:
1438:
786:", and their loyalty to the new regime was automatically suspect. Some managed to have outlawry specifically reversed, such as the
775:
136:
1659:
668:
628:
601:
345:
179:
99:
1761:
1448:
1363:
1106:
755:
751:
624:
371:, and retention of property for those who remained in Ireland. Many were subsequently altered or ignored, establishing the
223:
111:
87:
1798:
1788:
791:
720:
797:
The Papacy again recognized James II as the lawful king of Ireland from 1693. From 1695 this provoked a series of harsh
1808:
1731:
1498:
1038:
1019:
1000:
759:
688:
235:
123:
675:, Commanders-in-Chief of the Irish army. The articles were signed by D'Usson, Le Chevalier de Tesse, Latour Montfort,
1793:
1508:
1433:
787:
1288:
724:
1818:
1706:
1528:
585:
made resupply from France extremely difficult. By the spring of 1691, both soldiers and civilians were starving.
1669:
1483:
1453:
1136:
1711:
1664:
1428:
1393:
1388:
1373:
806:
1813:
1654:
1488:
1209:
763:
680:
259:
148:
577:
could not feed an additional 20,000 soldiers, plus refugees, while the loss of the south-western ports of
1747:
1691:
1197:
1066:
596:, who viewed it as secondary to the war in Europe. In 1691, French preparations for an offensive in the
1634:
1229:
1153:
767:
1736:
1721:
1518:
1493:
1443:
1403:
1273:
1224:
743:
329:
1783:
1639:
1398:
1338:
1099:
657:
562:
367:
The other set out conditions for those who remained, including guarantees of religious freedom for
361:
1716:
1473:
1418:
1353:
1308:
1293:
1263:
566:
1803:
1741:
1513:
1328:
1214:
1183:
830:
829:
cause, and also further pardons were granted. The Commissioners of Forfeitures reported to the
742:
This Treaty contained thirteen articles which were agreed upon, on the Williamite side, by the
704:
648:
593:
547:
349:
825:
In the following 8 years further confiscations were made from the continuing adherents to the
375:
that dominated Ireland until the Catholic emancipation in the first half of the 19th century.
1701:
1696:
1503:
1463:
1408:
1303:
1283:
1202:
1053:
802:
712:
589:
372:
368:
1458:
1243:
1239:
798:
604:
to offer whatever terms were necessary to make peace. This caused much conflict later on.
8:
1683:
1323:
1318:
1192:
1178:
1173:
1148:
1131:
1092:
1078:
903:
878:
868:
644:
608:
341:
667:
This treaty had twenty-nine articles, which were agreed upon between Lieutenant-General
1618:
1609:
1568:
1523:
1368:
1278:
1187:
1158:
1143:
736:
708:
353:
333:
284:
82:
70:
1383:
1333:
1313:
1298:
1219:
1034:
1015:
996:
676:
357:
208:
198:
186:
1823:
1254:
1168:
873:
783:
671:, Commander-in-Chief of the English army, and the Lieutenant-Generals D'Usson and
1073:
883:
543:
1644:
771:
728:
321:
174:
160:
94:
1777:
1126:
700:
597:
558:
551:
28:
754:— and the Commander-in-Chief, Baron de Ginkel; and on the Jacobite side by
623:
The Irish Jacobites were broadly divided into a pro-war faction, headed by
616:
be destroyed, and argued Limerick should not be defended; they withdrew to
574:
684:
652:
582:
247:
1163:
1115:
826:
337:
297:
716:
843:
that produced rents of ÂŁ211,623 a year, and were worth ÂŁ4,685,130 10
651:. Some 14,000 Jacobites chose this option and were marched south to
1594:
627:, who argued military victory was still possible, and those led by
570:
50:
964:
Appointed under 10 William III., c. 9; report of 16 December 1699
578:
620:
in September 1690, and many of their troops returned to France.
813:
732:
640:
617:
613:
33:
The Treaty Stone, reputedly the location of the treaty signing.
348:, leader of government forces in Ireland, signed on behalf of
1084:
699:
These articles protected the rights of the defeated Jacobite
1234:
837:
3,921 named persons had been outlawed initially, who owned
731:. William required peace in Ireland and was allied to the
910:
934:
922:
809:(1701–14), and reforms did not start until the 1770s.
607:
Jacobite strategy was impacted by internal divisions.
1081:, Corpus of Electronic Texts, University College Cork
946:
557:
The Jacobites established a defensive line along the
820:
328:), signed on 3 October 1691, ended the 1689 to 1691
729:
Chievers of Maystown commonly called Mount Leinster
554:briefly increasing hopes of a Stuart restoration.
356:. It allowed Jacobite units to be transported to
1775:
1100:
1107:
1093:
1198:"James III & VIII", The Old Pretender
332:, a conflict related to the 1688 to 1697
275:
1009:
928:
1047:
1028:
952:
916:
1776:
1067:BBC History: The Williamite Settlement
1052:, Hodges, Smith, and Company, p.
990:
975:The Williamite Confiscation in Ireland
940:
537:The 1690/1691 campaigns; key locations
1088:
1079:Text of the Treaty of Limerick, 1691
756:Patrick Sarsfield, 1st Earl of Lucan
752:Thomas Coningsby, 1st Earl Coningsby
634:
561:, and repulsed attempts to capture
13:
1203:"Charles III", The Young Pretender
1012:Divided Kingdom: Ireland 1630-1800
760:Piers Butler, 3rd Viscount Galmoye
14:
1835:
1605:Habeas Corpus Suspension Act 1715
1060:
821:Williamite settlement forfeitures
694:
491:
16:1691 treaty ending war in Ireland
1650:Heritable Jurisdictions Act 1746
1567:
518:
504:
490:
477:
476:
462:
448:
435:
434:
420:
406:
393:
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385:
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207:
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185:
173:
154:
142:
129:
117:
105:
93:
81:
69:
27:
1529:Raids on Lochaber and Shiramore
715:noblemen were to be allowed to
519:
463:
421:
1670:Old military roads of Scotland
1484:War of the Austrian Succession
1454:Capture of Eilean Donan Castle
1137:Independent Highland Companies
1114:
993:The Williamite Wars in Ireland
967:
958:
896:
725:Maurice Eustace of Yeomanstown
719:. Four were included by name:
505:
407:
1:
1665:Traitors Transported Act 1746
1429:War of the Quadruple Alliance
889:
833:in December 1699 as follows:
807:War of the Spanish Succession
378:
1220:Sophie, Electress of Hanover
764:Nicholas Purcell of Loughmoe
681:Nicholas Purcell of Loughmoe
449:
360:, the diaspora known as the
7:
1660:Treason Outlawries Act 1748
862:
10:
1840:
1799:History of Limerick (city)
1789:History of County Limerick
1154:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
984:
774:, and John Brown; and Sir
643:to continue serving under
1809:Peace treaties of Ireland
1682:
1627:
1587:
1578:
1565:
1537:
1472:
1417:
1352:
1274:Williamite War in Ireland
1262:
1253:
1122:
1048:Lenihan, Maurice (1866),
1033:. The History Press Ltd.
1031:1690; Battle of the Boyne
1029:Lenihan, Padraig (2003).
744:Lords Justices of Ireland
723:, Captain Rowland White,
679:(Earl of Lucan), Colonel
600:led William to authorise
542:William's victory at the
330:Williamite War in Ireland
306:
268:
56:
46:
38:
26:
1794:Flight of the Wild Geese
1640:Act of Proscription 1746
1439:Marquess of Tullibardine
658:Flight of the Wild Geese
362:Flight of the Wild Geese
1444:General Joseph Wightman
1309:Battle of Killiecrankie
904:"Catholic Emancipation"
1819:William III of England
1514:Battle of Falkirk Muir
1329:Declaration of Finglas
1215:Act of Settlement 1701
831:Irish House of Commons
689:Piers, Viscount Galmoy
548:Declaration of Finglas
325:
1504:Battle of Prestonpans
1464:Battle of Coille Bhan
1449:Anglo-French Alliance
1409:Battle of Sheriffmuir
1374:1715 general election
1010:Connolly, SJ (2008).
991:Childs, John (2008).
803:Parliament of Ireland
801:to be enacted by the
373:Protestant Ascendancy
1692:"James III and VIII"
1459:Battle of Glen Shiel
1244:Royal Stuart Society
1240:Neo-Jacobite Revival
1184:William III & II
1072:29 June 2006 at the
534:class=notpageimage|
340:loyal to the exiled
88:Sir Thomas Coningsby
1814:James II of England
1684:Jacobite succession
1324:Battle of the Boyne
1319:Massacre of Glencoe
1304:General Hugh Mackay
1193:Jacobite succession
1179:Glorious Revolution
1149:Union of the Crowns
943:, pp. 294–295.
919:, pp. 178–179.
879:Battle of the Boyne
869:History of Limerick
792:Earl of Clanricarde
788:8th Viscount Dillon
735:in 1691 within the
23:
1619:Indemnity Act 1717
1610:Disarming Act 1715
1524:Battle of Culloden
1519:Siege of Inverness
1499:Duke of Cumberland
1489:Lord George Murray
1404:Siege of Inverness
1344:Treaty of Limerick
1284:King William's War
1174:James II & VII
995:. Bloomsbury 3PL.
737:League of Augsburg
590:English Parliament
318:Treaty of Limerick
76:Sir Charles Porter
22:Treaty of Limerick
21:
1771:
1770:
1732:"Robert I and IV"
1678:
1677:
1655:Sheriffs Act 1747
1573:a Jacobite banner
1563:
1562:
1509:Siege of Carlisle
1399:Battle of Preston
1339:Siege of Limerick
1334:Battle of Aughrim
1314:Battle of Dunkeld
1299:Patrick Sarsfield
677:Patrick Sarsfield
635:Military articles
314:
313:
167:Military Articles
1831:
1702:"Henry IX and I"
1585:
1584:
1581:and later events
1571:
1294:Sir Ewen Cameron
1260:
1259:
1255:Jacobite risings
1169:The Killing Time
1109:
1102:
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938:
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914:
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874:List of treaties
817:end of the war.
790:in 1694, or the
721:Colonel Lutterel
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521:
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507:
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346:Baron de Ginkell
326:Conradh Luimnigh
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260:Nicholas Purcell
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236:Viscount Galmoye
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180:Baron de Ginkell
178:
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159:
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149:Nicholas Purcell
147:
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134:
133:
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124:Viscount Galmoye
122:
121:
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110:
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100:Baron de Ginkell
98:
97:
86:
85:
74:
73:
31:
24:
20:
1839:
1838:
1834:
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1832:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1784:1691 in Ireland
1774:
1773:
1772:
1767:
1674:
1635:Jurors Act 1745
1623:
1580:
1574:
1572:
1559:
1533:
1475:
1468:
1420:
1413:
1355:
1348:
1289:Viscount Dundee
1279:Nine Years' War
1265:
1249:
1118:
1113:
1074:Wayback Machine
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884:Irish of Nantes
865:
840:1,060,792 acres
823:
768:Nicholas Cusack
697:
637:
544:Battle of Boyne
540:
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334:Nine Years' War
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1645:Dress Act 1746
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1628:The Forty-Five
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1474:The Forty-Five
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1434:Earl Marischal
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1127:Scottish clans
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1111:
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1061:External links
1059:
1058:
1057:
1045:
1040:978-0752425979
1039:
1026:
1021:978-0199543472
1020:
1007:
1002:978-1847251640
1001:
986:
983:
980:
979:
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957:
955:, p. 286.
945:
933:
931:, p. 187.
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772:Garrett Dillon
748:Charles Porter
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695:Civil articles
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63:Civil Articles
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42:3 October 1691
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1804:1691 treaties
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1697:"Charles III"
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1600:Clan Act 1715
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1595:Riot Act 1714
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1536:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1471:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1416:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1394:Baronet Munro
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1351:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1245:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1144:The Highlands
1142:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1117:
1110:
1105:
1103:
1098:
1096:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1036:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1004:
998:
994:
989:
988:
977:(London 1956)
976:
970:
961:
954:
949:
942:
937:
930:
929:Connolly 2008
925:
918:
913:
905:
899:
895:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
866:
856:
853:
852:
851:
846:
842:
839:
836:
835:
834:
832:
828:
818:
815:
810:
808:
804:
800:
795:
793:
789:
785:
779:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
740:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
701:landed gentry
692:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
665:
661:
659:
654:
650:
649:Irish Brigade
646:
642:
632:
630:
626:
621:
619:
615:
610:
605:
603:
599:
598:Low Countries
595:
591:
588:Although the
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
555:
553:
552:Low Countries
549:
545:
535:
388:
376:
374:
370:
365:
363:
359:
355:
352:and his wife
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
309:
305:
299:
289:
286:
274:
273:
271:
267:
261:
251:
249:
239:
237:
227:
225:
224:Earl of Lucan
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
193:
188:
183:
181:
176:
171:
170:
168:
162:
152:
150:
140:
138:
127:
125:
115:
113:
112:Earl of Lucan
103:
101:
96:
91:
89:
84:
79:
77:
72:
67:
66:
64:
61:
55:
52:
49:
45:
41:
37:
30:
25:
19:
1760:
1753:
1746:
1742:"Francis II"
1707:"Charles IV"
1579:Consequences
1419:The Nineteen
1364:…in Cornwall
1343:
1264:First rising
1049:
1030:
1011:
992:
974:
973:Simms J.G.,
969:
960:
953:Lenihan 1866
948:
936:
924:
917:Lenihan 2003
912:
898:
849:
844:
824:
811:
796:
780:
741:
698:
666:
662:
638:
622:
606:
587:
575:County Kerry
556:
541:
366:
317:
315:
166:
62:
18:
1722:"Francis I"
1379:Earl of Mar
1369:…in England
1354:The Fifteen
1164:Covenanters
1159:Restoration
941:Childs 2008
776:Toby Butler
762:; Colonels
705:William III
685:Mark Talbot
569:. However,
350:William III
248:Mark Talbot
137:Toby Butler
59:signatories
1778:Categories
1727:"Mary III"
1389:Lord Lovat
1210:Queen Anne
1132:Clan chief
1116:Jacobitism
890:References
850:Of these,
799:penal laws
784:non-jurors
629:Tyrconnell
602:De Ginkell
379:Background
1717:"Mary II"
1230:George II
794:in 1701.
717:bear arms
625:Sarsfield
498:Waterford
369:Catholics
338:Jacobites
307:Languages
298:Jacobites
1538:Abortive
1225:George I
1070:Archived
863:See also
827:Jacobite
713:Catholic
673:de Tessé
645:James II
609:James II
571:Connacht
563:Limerick
484:Kilkenny
442:Drogheda
400:Limerick
342:James II
192:de Tessé
57:Original
51:Limerick
47:Location
1824:Mary II
1494:Lochiel
1384:Rob Roy
1235:Toryism
1188:Mary II
1014:. OUP.
985:Sources
858:houses.
709:Mary II
647:in the
594:William
579:Kinsale
567:Athlone
559:Shannon
526:Kinsale
470:Aughrim
428:Athlone
354:Mary II
310:English
285:Ireland
269:Parties
203:D'Usson
1762:Joseph
1755:Sophie
1737:Albert
1712:Victor
1476:(1745)
1421:(1719)
1356:(1715)
1266:(1689)
1037:
1018:
999:
814:Galway
746:— Sir
733:Papacy
727:, and
711:, and
687:, and
669:Ginkle
641:France
618:Galway
614:Dublin
512:Galway
414:Dublin
358:France
282:
39:Signed
1588:Early
322:Irish
1614:1725
1612:and
1555:1759
1550:1744
1545:1708
1186:and
1035:ISBN
1016:ISBN
997:ISBN
750:and
707:and
653:Cork
583:Cork
581:and
573:and
565:and
456:Cork
316:The
135:Sir
1748:Max
1054:286
1780::
770:,
766:,
758:;
739:.
691:.
683:,
660:.
364:.
344:.
324::
1246:)
1242:(
1108:e
1101:t
1094:v
1043:.
1024:.
1005:.
906:.
845:s
782:"
320:(
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