473:) with even larger territories. The king chose what he considered a solution that would be less harmful to the Polish Kingdom, that of peace. The Teutonic Order were at their peak of power and the outcome of a possible war would probably be unfavourable for Poland. In the provisions of the Kalisz treaty, King Casimir III was to give up the title and heir of Pomerelia. However, the rule of the previous supremacy of the Polish king over Pomerelia including Gdańsk, Chełmno Land and Michałów Land was recognized, King Casimir III did not confirm the rights to Pomerelia to the Teutonic Order, nor did he give it to the Teutonic Order, he merely relinquished reluctantly all rights to these lands. The formula, previously developed in 1335 at the
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493:, where King Casimir III was obliged to accept this earlier and much less favourable decision. Thus, in the Kalisz treaty, the Polish king made it clear that he was forced to renounce his rights to Pomerelia, and the formula: perpetual alms - would be a gross expropriation for the lands that really belonged to Poland (both historically and
481:) of the king of Poland to the Teutonic Order meant that on the one hand, the Teutonic Order recognized that these lands were previously Polish (which they previously denied), and at the same time could be theoretically the basis for reclamation claims, for example if the Teutonic Order were ingratitude.
497:
from time immemorial), and were illegally taken over by the
Teutonic Order in 1308. At the same time, the king of Poland would also become a benefactor and patron of the Teutonic Order, who was obliged to provide military assistance and honorary tributes in money and in kind. In the event of the
468:
sided with the
Teutonic Order, under these conditions, King Casimir III could either fight with them or make peace. Realising, however, that such a recuperation might prove impossible in his lifetime, whilst pursuing territorial recuperation and expansion south-eastward (in the
534:
of the concerned lands. Additionally, the treaty did not have Poland recognise the right of the
Teutonic Order to the lands, leaving their status in a legal limbo. Poland had relinquished its claims but without recognising those of the Teutonic Order.
417:(a pontifical arbitration court process before envoys of Pope Benedict XII, between Poland and the Teutonic Order, that ruled in Poland's favour for the return of the disputed lands and awarded compensation in the amount of 194,500
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484:
Already in the very demand of the
Teutonic Order, that the king would renounce his rights to Pomerelia, was however, to recognize him (especially after the resignation of the claim to the Polish crown of
543:
As a result, while
Pomerelia remained a subject of contention, the treaty was followed by 66 years of peace between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order, until the conflict erupted again in the
501:
The Kalisz terms of peace, despite the possibility of a delay in the recovery of the lands of
Pomerelia, were extremely important in solidifying the idea of the unification of the Polish Kingdom.
489:) as the rightful heir of these lands. A great success of Polish diplomacy was the resignation of the formula of "Pomerelia as perpetual alms" for the Teutonic Order, developed in 1335 at the
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Codex
Pomeraniae vicinarumque terrarum diplomaticus: oder Urkunden, so die Pommersch- Rügianisch- u. Caminschen, auch die benachbarten Länder, Brandenburg, Mecklenburg, Preussen und Pohlen...
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421:), commissioning a re-examination of the legitimacy of Poland's claims to the disputed lands. In 1339, the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
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Ratification of the drafted peace treaty written in Kalisz on 8 July 1343 and the formal oath-taking took place on 23 July 1343, in a
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The conclusion of the Treaty of Kalisz in 1343, was preceded by lengthy diplomatic and legal wrangling with a contentious Polish
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had submitted to the papal commission of inquiry (Papal Curia) a document that the
Teutonic Order had acquired in 1309—in the
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Scriptores rerum
Prussicarum: the historical sources of Prussian prehistory until the decline of the reigning Teutonic Order
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Map of the Crown of the
Kingdom of Poland and territorial borders during the reign of Casimir III the Great (1333–1370)
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Scriptores rerum Prussicarum: die Geschichtsquellen der Preussischen Vorzeit bis zum Untergange der Ordensherrschaft
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Scriptores rerum Prussicarum: die Geschichtsquellen der Preussischen Vorzeit bis zum Untergange der Ordensherrschaft
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Scriptores rerum Prussicarum: the historical sources of Prussian prehistory until the decline of the Teutonic Order
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453:. This enfeoffment of the Ascanians with Pomerania, that had already taken place under the Roman-German Emperor
276:. In the Treaty of Kalisz, King Casimir III, undertook in the future to raise no claims on Pomerelia as well as
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Teutonic Order taking up war against Poland, it would theoretically lose the right to receive those donations.
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had in its possession since 1308, and which it viewed as its legal property since the conclusion of the
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This peace treaty meant territorial concessions from Poland, but from the point of view of the Polish "
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However, King Casimir III (and subsequently his successors) did not stop using the title of
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between King Casimir III and Grand Master of the Teutonic Order Ludolf König von Wattzau.
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belonged to Poland, the State of the Teutonic Order did not give them away voluntarily.
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which began in 1326/1327. It put an end to the long-running diplomatic clashes over
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706:] (in German). Vol. 2. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel. p. 500.
623:] (in German). Vol. 1. Leipzig: Verlag von S. Hirzel. p. 708.
530:. This was based on a clause of the treaty that recognised he had been the
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Hirsch, Theodor; Toppen, Max; Strehlke, Ernst (1863). "Footnote No. 324".
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Hirsch, Theodor; Toppen, Max; Strehlke, Ernst (1861). "Footnote No. 91".
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between 1329 and 1332. The peace agreement also confirmed seven cities:
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For the alliance between Russia and Prussia against Napoleon I, see
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regained the Pomerelian lands, which were then incorporated into
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640:(in German and Latin). Vol. 1. Berlin. pp. 149–152.
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592:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 170-172.
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Reddaway, WF; Penson, JH; Halecki, O; Dyboski, R (1950).
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turned out to be an ally of the Teutonic Order. When the
16:
1343 peace treaty between Poland and the Teutonic Order
343:" it had to be concluded. Despite the verdict of the
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671:] (in German). Vol. 2. Gotha. p. 27.
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457:, was renewed on 8 January 1295, in Mühlhausen.
1317:14th century in the State of the Teutonic Order
514:Wierzbiczany (Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship)
1312:Treaties of the Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385)
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661:Perthes, Friedrich (1863). "Footnote No. 2".
433:. From which it emerged that the Brandenburg
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681:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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634:von Dreger, Friedrich (1768). "LXXXVII".
284:. In exchange, King Casimir III regained
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554:Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
546:Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War
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960:Franco-Polish Alliance (1524)
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811:. You can help Knowledge by
744:. You can help Knowledge by
449:by the Roman-German Emperor
147:Ceremonial exchange of deeds
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471:Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
230:State of the Teutonic Order
173:State of the Teutonic Order
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362:, stating that not only
274:Margraves of Brandenburg
237:Ludolf König von Wattzau
1203:Preobrazhenskoye (1699)
1025:Niemieża / Vilna (1656)
270:Treaty of Soldin (1309)
21:Treaty of Kalisz (1813)
1297:14th century in Poland
1250:Franco-Polish alliance
1227:Second Polish Republic
1198:Wehlau–Bromberg (1657)
945:Brześć Kujawski (1435)
807:–related article is a
423:Dietrich von Altenburg
408:Warsaw Process of 1339
402:was also called upon.
353:Warsaw Process of 1339
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550:Second Peace of Thorn
437:in December 1231, in
226:Casimir III the Great
84:Casimir III the Great
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1272:German history stubs
1035:Eternal Peace (1686)
491:Congress of Visegrád
475:Congress of Visegrád
455:Frederick Barbarossa
1162:Bila Tserkva (1651)
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254:Polish-Teutonic War
220:, concluded by the
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447:Duchy of Pomerania
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992:Commonwealth
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104:Dobrzyń Land
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1245:Riga (1921)
1181:With others
517: [
466:Papal Curia
411: [
370:, but also
356: [
345:Papal Curia
224:under King
117:8 July 1343
1266:Categories
564:References
390:Background
374:including
326:Sandomierz
260:including
1044:With the
677:cite book
445:with the
443:enfeoffed
435:Ascanians
429:from the
372:Pomerelia
330:Nowy Sącz
310:Włocławek
272:with the
258:Pomerelia
181:Languages
144:Condition
136:Effective
106:from the
88:Pomerelia
1134:Cossacks
532:suzerain
506:ceremony
228:and the
212:) was a
122:Location
1002:Muscovy
878:Polish
441:, were
439:Ravenna
419:Grzywna
396:monarch
364:Kuyavia
351:in the
349:Avignon
318:Kuyavia
286:Kuyavia
248:Context
152:Parties
100:Kuyavia
79:Context
1252:(1921)
1085:Sweden
880:truces
644:
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702:[
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508:on a
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519:pl
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336:.
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208::
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748:.
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196:(
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