817:, a ship registered in Panama and chartered by Trafigura, hired a local contractor to offload waste in Abidjan after refusing to pay a €1,000 per cubic metre surcharge imposed by Amsterdam Port Services to discourage waste disposal in the Netherlands. The local contractor, Tommy, improperly dumped the waste materials at as many as 12 sites in and around the city of Abidjan in August 2006. The gas caused by the release of these chemicals is blamed by the UN and the government of Ivory Coast for the deaths of 17 and the injury of over 30,000 Ivorians, with injuries that ranged from mild headaches to severe burns of skin and lungs. Almost 100,000 Ivorians sought medical attention after prime minister Charles Konan Banny offered free medical care in Abidjan’s hospitals to the city’s residents.
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regional director, traveled to
Abidjan to assist in the cleanup effort but were arrested and imprisoned by the Ivorian government. While its executives were being held, the company agreed to pay US$ 198 million for cleanup to the Ivorian government without admitting wrongdoing, and the Ivorian government pledged not to prosecute the company. Dauphin and his fellow executives were released following the settlement.
29:
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In
December 2023, Trafigura and its former chief operating officer Mike Wainwright were accused by Swiss investigators of arranging roughly €5 million of bribes to an Angolan government official representing Sonagol, Angola's state oil company, between 2009 and 2011. Prosecutors allege that the funds
784:
relating to oil trading. Subpoenas demand information going back at least four years relating to "manipulation and corruption involving oil products and trading". It was unclear if the CFTC investigation was related to
Operation Car Wash. In March 2024, Trafigura agreed to plead guilty and pay a fine
304:
Initially focused on three regional markets – South
America (oil and minerals), Eastern Europe (metals) and Africa (oil) – Trafigura has since diversified and expanded globally. In 1999, the Trafigura unit Trafigura Beheer BV, based in the Netherlands, became the first company to
849:
obtained and published internal
Trafigura emails showing that the traders responsible knew how dangerous the chemicals were. Shortly afterwards Trafigura agreed to a settlement of £30 million (US$ 42.4 million) to settle the suit. In 2010 a Dutch court found Trafigura guilty of illegally exporting
835:
Trafigura denied any waste was transported from the
Netherlands, saying that the substances contained only tiny amounts of hydrogen sulfide, and that the company did not know the substance was to be disposed of improperly. Trafigura officials, including Claude Dauphin and the company’s West Africa
440:'s newly established 400,000 tonnes-per-year copper smelter in Fangchengang, China. In July, Trafigura launched Lykos, an online platform in India to sell metals to small and medium-sized manufacturers in the country. In September, Trafigura completed the $ 860 million sale of an 80% stake in a
768:
scandal and three oil trading companies, one of which was
Trafigura. Trafigura is keeping the allegations "under review" and affirms that it "is taking the allegations ... seriously", but has denied that its management knew that payments would be used to make improper payments to employees of
722:
crude oil from Russia despite sanctions. The company has seen a surge for such exports, almost 9 million barrels of crude in April 2015, mostly for Asian markets, financed by pre-pay oil deals in form of short term loans that are not subject to sanctions. While some commodity traders have been
647:
Trade in non-ferrous and bulk commodities – mainly copper, lead and zinc concentrate, alumina, refined metals of copper, lead, zinc and aluminium as well as the iron ore and coal trading books – made up 13% of
Trafigura’s overall trading turnover in 2016. The group traded 8.2 million tonnes of
539:
in attendance. The concession encompassed the 1,300 kilometre
Benguela railway corridor in Angola, extending it 400 kilometres into the DRC, and any potential service extensions in Zambia. The three countries signed an agreement to accelerate growth in domestic and cross-border trade along the
380:, Vest Tank was trying to neutralize chemical waste when the explosion occurred, and the owner of the waste was Trafigura, on whose behalf Vest Tank was working. Trafigura was not accused of direct responsibility, and refused requests by the Norwegian police to interview employees.
337:
Trafigura operated in 65 offices in 36 countries in 2015. In 2023, revenue was $ 244.3 billion, net income was $ 7.4 billion, assets were $ 90.5 billion, and equity was $ 16.5 billion. In 2024, the company had around 12,000 employees. It also operated in 150 countries and had 50 offices.
799:$ 55 million to settle allegations of fraud, manipulation and impeding whistleblowers. As part of the agreement, Trafigura neither admitted nor denied the CFTC's charges, which dated back to 2014. Two CFTC commissioners took issue with the whistleblower component of the settlement.
477:
In August 2015, it was reported that
Trafigura subsidiary Impala Terminals is investing USD1 billion in Colombia to develop a new inland road, rail and river network connecting major coastal ports with Colombia's industrial heartland. The Magdalena River, which runs between
691:. The tanker was chartered by Trafigura Beheer BV. According to her captain, Theofanis Chiladakis, the Essex was 'topped off' at least twice, with a total of 272,000 barrels of crude, after UN monitors had signed off the cargo. This was on 13 May and 27 August 2001.
388:. At the time, there was interest in Australia among energy traders due to a combination of rising demand and the closure of outdated, high-cost refineries. The same month, Trafigura joint venture DT Group partnered with Angola’s state oil firm
621:
In 2013, as a consequence of the Singapore listing, Trafigura released financial statements for the first time, reporting Q1 profits of $ 216.1 million – up 3.2 per cent on the previous year. Revenue grew 7.9 per cent to USD 31.2 billion.
2525:
644:. Trafigura sources, stores, blends and transports raw materials including oil, refined petroleum products and non-ferrous metals, iron ore, and coal. It more recently added a third division, focused on gas, power, and renewables.
407:. The agreement with South Sudan was a continuation of Trafigura's longtime presence in the Sudanese oil market and followed the resolution of a legal dispute between Sudan and South Sudan over transit fees and oil revenues.
3685:
880:, which operates in more than 20 countries, mainly in Central America and Africa, and supplies a network of just over 600 service stations. On 7 May 2012, Puma entered into an agreement to buy out the key shareholders in
383:
In February 2013, Trafigura invested $ 800 million in the Australian energy market, acquiring more than 250 petrol stations, two oil import terminals and five fuel depots in three separate acquisitions by its subsidiary
1036:
2167:
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470:(Matsa) mining operation, which owns three mines in southern Spain that produce copper, zinc and lead concentrate ores. This followed a doubling of processing capacity at the company's MATSA mining operation in
1427:
832:, known as caustic soda. After the start of the health crisis in Abidjan, the Probo Koala arrived at the port of Paldiski in Estonia where Trafigura permitted Dutch police onboard to conduct an investigation.
753:, from March 2017 (the European limit is 10 parts per million). Trafigura stated that the report was "misconceived" as they only supply legal fuel and that it is up to governments to set fuel specifications.
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of about $ 127 million to resolve charges of bribery of government officials in Brazil by former employees or agents during previous decades, subsequent to a series of DOJ probes into oil industry practices.
1394:
2018:
698:
In February 2013, Trafigura Maritime Ventures Limited—the Malta based subsidiary of Trafigura Maritime Logistics PTE Limited based in Singapore—and the oil trading arm of Total became involved in an oil
301:
Trafigura Beheer BV was established as a private group of companies in 1993 by six founding partners: Claude Dauphin, Eric de Turckheim, Graham Sharp, Antonio Cometti, Daniel Posen and Mark Crandall.
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2638:
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884:, the largest independent oil marketing company in east and central Africa, which could add 400 stations to its network. However, Puma Energy later terminated its bid to acquire the oil marketer.
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and the last remaining founder in an executive position, owned less than 20 per cent of the group’s equity at his death in September 2015, while more than 700 senior managers control the rest.
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non-ferrous metal concentrates and 6.6 million tonnes of non-ferrous refined metal during the year. Overall volume across metals and minerals increased by 13% from 2015 to 59 million tonnes.
2871:
3068:
2702:
1963:
3157:
2227:
1679:
2458:
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and energy. It is the world's largest private metals trader and second-largest oil trader having built or purchased stakes in pipelines, mines, smelters, ports and storage terminals.
2904:
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cautious dealing with sanctioned companies, Trafigura, which works with a number of global banks financing the oil deals, has found a reliable partner in Rosneft for global business.
414:. The prepayment facility, which provided a loan for advance payment for more than 10 million tons of products over five years, was the largest such deal ever completed by Trafigura.
1901:
1860:
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would each take a 24 per cent stake in Essar Oil, which owns India’s second-biggest private refinery in the western state of Gujarat as well as a network of 2,700 filling stations.
3693:
496:
Trafigura was criticised in December 2022 for handing out "more than $ 1.7bn (£1.4bn) to its top traders and shareholders after the energy crisis, fuelled by the war in Ukraine".
2669:
3124:
1243:
1616:
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1712:
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oil purchasing board. Between 1999 and 2012, Enemalta paid the two companies $ 3.2 billion for oil, accounting for 70% of the oil purchased by Enemalta in that time period.
3423:
1638:
1472:
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2596:
267:
is a multinational commodities company domiciled in Singapore with major regional hubs in Geneva, Houston, Montevideo and Mumbai, founded in 1993. The company trades in
3302:
3251:
2057:
1278:
460:
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2193:
1416:
1384:
839:
In 2008 a civil lawsuit in London was launched by almost 30,000 Ivorians against Trafigura. In May 2009 Trafigura announced it would sue the BBC for libel after its
2205:
1160:
1778:
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3279:
2026:
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Impala Group of Companies, which operate the group’s worldwide oil storage and distribution assets and investments has been a wholly owned subsidiary since 2001.
1933:
824:
from washing the Probo Koala's tanks. An inquiry in the Netherlands, in late 2006, confirmed the substance to consist of more than 500 tonnes of a mix of fuel,
577:. The share was bought by Hara Capital Sarl, a subsidiary of Mareterra Group Holding. In May 2024, it was announced that Trafigura was investing in the company
2262:
1986:
1361:
654:
In October 2016 Trafigura sold five medium-range tankers to China’s Bank of Communications Financial Leasing Co, marking its exit from owning product tankers.
3461:
2305:
733:
published the results of its investigation showing how traders – especially Trafigura – prepare and sell "African quality" toxic fuel to Africa, containing
486:
on the Atlantic coast, will allow transportation of crude oil and petroleum products, dry bulk, containerised and general cargo to and from inland Colombia.
3632:
2628:
547:
2926:
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corridor. The new company committed to upgrading infrastructure and services, investing US$ 455,000,000 in Angola and up to US$ 100,000,000 in the DRC.
1183:
1120:
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2766:
1800:
3494:
1001:
2861:
2141:
3205:
2692:
665:, Trafigura ensures a degree of control over supply, storage and logistics through industrial subsidiaries: oil storage and distribution business
3078:
2816:
Permanent Mission of the Netherlands to take the same measure with regard to the company Trafigura Beheer B.V. On 23 November, the Office of the
1955:
894:
Galena Asset Management, based in Switzerland, is the subsidiary through which Trafigura has established and manages a fund management business.
3147:
2168:"Transfer Commences Of The Concession Of Railway Services And Support Logistics Of The Lobito Corridor In Angola To The Lobito Atlantic Railway"
1669:
1504:
3758:
2448:
2219:
3592:
672:
Trafigura is involved in paper trading through its subsidiary Galena Asset Management, which was set up in 2003 to invest in commodity funds.
3924:
3728:
2735:
2090:
3327:
2894:
2492:
3939:
1893:
1251:
969:
1870:
3919:
366:
1328:
2800:
2661:
2113:
859:
allowed the official to secure eight ship-chartering contracts and one bunkering contract that resulted in profits of $ 143.7 million.
651:
Trading volumes in oil and petroleum products totalled 4.3 million barrels a day in 2016, up 42% from 3 million barrels a day in 2015.
3232:
3116:
1837:
936:
3929:
2388:
1608:
2415:
2361:
1702:
1482:
324:
286:
2248:
3358:
1534:
289:, which left up to 100,000 people with skin rashes, headaches and respiratory problems. The company was also involved in the Iraq
895:
316:
3400:
2960:
589:
In 2008, the company had equity of more than $ 2 billion and a turnover of $ 73 billion that generated $ 440 million of profit.
1646:
1586:
1560:
625:
In March 2016, Trafigura closed a 46 million yen ($ 413 million) three-year loan, doubling the size of its 2014 Samurai loan.
3771:
2049:
1322:
1282:
761:
3686:"Mawson West Announces Notice of Compulsory Acquisition by Galena Private Equity Resources Fund and Notice of TSX Delisting"
3655:
3518:
796:
777:
2790:"Letter from the Acting Chairman of the Security Council Committee (sic) concerning the situation between Iraq and Kuwait"
515:
rail operator Vecturis, secured a 30-year concession to operate the Lobito rail corridor, which runs across Angola to the
1150:
792:
claimed that American government is enabling the commodity trader to funnel money back to Vladimir Putin's inner circle.
592:
In March 2010, Trafigura made its first venture into capital markets, issuing Euro 400m ($ 539m) in five-year Eurobonds.
346:
In 2003, the group established its fund management subsidiary, Galena Asset Management. In 2010, Trafigura bought 8% of
3830:
377:
2968:
1038:
Trafigura publishes 2023 interim results showing a strong performance as demand remained high for the group's services
730:
2272:
1351:
1216:
808:
3451:
3182:
3020:
2295:
516:
319:
would be joining Trafigura as a non-executive director. He had previously stood down from the board of the group’s
3566:
2796:
3004:
2975:(page visited on 25 October 2016). The results of the investigation of Public Eye was relayed by media such as
2328:
410:
In October 2013 Trafigura secured USD 1.5 billion in financing for an upfront loan to Russian oil producer OAO
2820:
Programme provided the Committee with proposals for additional operating procedures for crude oil monitoring.
1768:
727:
519:(DRC). To mark the transfer of the concession, a ceremony was held on 4 July 2023 in Lobito, with Presidents
3822:
1923:
1804:
1508:
559:
452:
331:
275:
3484:
2758:
465:
1996:
993:
845:
program alleged the company had knowingly sought to cover up its role in the incident. In September 2009
1100:
3841:
3596:
2633:
734:
2833:
290:
1735:
688:
3000:
1015:
558:
on July 12, 2024, with sulphur on board to be transferred to LAR cargo trains for shipment to the
418:
3717:
3335:
2725:
2548:
2481:
2080:
1061:
916:
899:
500:
490:
107:
3763:
1865:
1121:"Singapore-based Trafigura faces $ 766m loss after uncovering nickel fraud | The Straits Times"
426:
77:
39:
1312:
3810:
2789:
441:
393:
1827:
376:
had severe environmental and health consequences for people living nearby. According to the
3934:
3801:
2392:
371:
354:
137:
451:
In June 2015, Trafigura announced a 50:50 joint venture with Abu Dhabi investment company
421:
to transport crude oil and condensate via a partially converted 82-mile pipeline from the
278:
and Eric de Turckheim in 1993, but quickly split off from a group of companies managed by
8:
3285:
3256:
2300:
1832:
1674:
781:
604:
3831:
Internal Trafigura emails and letters regarding the Côte d'Ivoire waste dumping incident
3281:
Trafigura Subsidiary Settles With CFTC in First-Ever Action Over Impeding Whistleblowers
2597:"Trafigura's metals trading volume up 13%, but gross profit down in 2016 financial year"
528:
3879:
3867:
3816:
3795:
3628:
3069:"Dans certains pays d'Afrique, la pollution tue davantage que les principales maladies"
3009:
2983:
765:
738:
704:
615:
600:
532:
520:
430:
2327:
Pierre Lorinet, CFO Trafigura and Javier Blas, FT commodities editor (16 April 2013).
813:
The 2006 Ivory Coast toxic waste dump was a health crisis in Ivory Coast in which the
636:
Trafigura is the third-largest physical commodities trading group in the world behind
3767:
3390:
3252:"Why is the Biden administration helping Trafigura make money for a Kremlin kingpin?"
2957:
1318:
750:
596:
436:
In February 2014, Trafigura signed an agreement to acquire a 30% equity stake in the
312:
3891:
3855:
1582:
1556:
1530:
829:
825:
608:
563:
445:
422:
358:
201:
118:
1455:
3723:
3623:
3508:
3036:
3015:
2964:
2838:
2730:
2575:
2553:
2420:
2366:
2334:
2267:
2194:
China has Belt and Road, now the US has the Lobito Corridor from Angola to Zambia
2085:
1707:
1477:
1356:
1317:. International African Institute in association with James Currey. p. 163.
1221:
1188:
1067:
715:
479:
417:
A month later Trafigura signed an agreement with Dallas-based pipeline operator
3805:
3233:"Trafigura pleads guilty, agrees to pay about $ 127 million to settle US probe"
3071:[In some African countries, pollution kills more than major diseases].
2866:
2697:
2601:
2520:
2453:
903:
757:
662:
551:
544:
437:
389:
347:
309:
489:
In October 2016, it was announced that Trafigura and Russian investment group
3913:
3903:
3753:
2206:
Consortium receives maiden vessel at Port of Lobito as concession takes shape
2142:"Presidents of Angola, Zambia and DRC get together to launch Lobito corridor"
1385:"Riding Glencore Wave, Commodity Trader Claude Dauphin Becomes a Billionaire"
692:
687:, that had UN approval to load Iraqi crude at Iraq’s main export terminal at
570:
2114:"Trafigura hands out $ 1.7bn in dividends on profits fuelled by Ukraine war"
611:
by international accounting rules, leaving existing shareholders undiluted.
569:
On January 11, 2023, the company sold its 24.5% stake in the Indian company
3811:
Trafigura press releases regarding the Côte d'Ivoire waste dumping incident
3489:
3485:"How UK oil company Trafigura tried to cover up African pollution disaster"
3363:
3301:
Knauer, Sebastian; Thielke, Thilo; Traufetter, Gerald (18 September 2016).
3210:
3152:
2977:
2927:"Swiss Trafigura now largest exporter of Russian oil amid sanctions regime"
2118:
1184:"UK authorities 'lack resources' to investigate Trafigura over toxic waste"
1155:
888:
700:
483:
459:
mining. As part of the agreement Mubadala also acquired 50% of Trafigura's
308:
In November 2013, it was announced that Tory peer and former leader of the
285:
Trafigura has been named or involved in several scandals, particularly the
2899:
2629:"Commodities trader Trafigura earnings fall, sees challenging conditions"
891:
until 2010. Dedicated to consulting and mineral logistics administration.
877:
821:
764:
and the US authorities to investigate alleged ties between the Brazilian
746:
666:
603:(SGX) at a fixed rate of 7.625%. The issuance raised $ 500m in long-term
554:
launched the venture's port operations in Angola with the docking of the
456:
400:
385:
239:
215:
191:
167:
143:
103:
1084:
3542:"Switzerland Charges Trafigura and a Former Top Executive With Bribery"
881:
820:
Trafigura maintains that the substance dumped consisted of "slops", or
680:
504:
404:
320:
268:
234:
153:
1987:"Abu Dhabi buys into Trafigura's Spanish mines as part of new venture"
1894:"New crude pipeline provides more access to Gulf Coast for Eagle Ford"
1151:"Inside Trafigura: Accusations, sour deals and friends in high places"
1105:
841:
658:
578:
471:
279:
122:
81:
49:
3206:"Trafigura investigated for alleged corruption, market manipulation"
3513:
3395:
3073:
3041:
2995:
2989:
2220:"Trafigura sells out of Russia-backed Indian refiner Nayara Energy"
2019:"Trafigura announces strong 2014 results; confident future outlook"
708:
641:
550:(PGI) flagship investment in Africa. LAR’s mineral terminal at the
508:
3148:"Oil trading firms linked to Brazil's Car Wash corruption scandal"
853:
3898:
3456:
3428:
2581:
2487:
2223:
1991:
1956:"Trafigura targets $ 8 bln India metals market with online store"
1928:
1773:
1740:
1101:"Biofuels supplier powers up Trafigura's shift to greener future"
975:
719:
633:
In 2024, Trafigura operated in 150 countries and had 50 offices.
574:
512:
474:, Spain, where two new satellite mines are also being developed.
411:
392:
to form a new company, Sonaci DT Pte Ltd, to market Angola’s new
243:
1246:[U.S. Rare Earth : co-creator of Trafigura board].
28:
3359:"Papers prove Trafigura ship dumped toxic waste in Ivory Coast"
2449:"Trafigura Profit Rises as Increased Oil Volumes Boost Revenue"
2249:
Trafigura to buy more of Greenergy in renewable portfolio boost
1639:"Trafigura to Spend $ 68 Million on Australian Import Terminal"
1389:
695:
employees had first talked about this scheme in February 1998.
676:
536:
524:
362:
2973:
Dirty Diesel - How Swiss Traders Flood Africa with Toxic Fuels
2895:"Trafigura, TOTSA paid $ 3.2 billion for fuel oil in 13 years"
2693:"Commodity Trader Trafigura Sells Oil Tankers to Chinese Bank"
614:
By 2011, its revenue had increased to $ 121.5 billion and its
3789:
2931:
2577:
Trafigura opens renewables division in energy transition push
1924:"Trafigura to buy 30 pct of Jinchuan copper smelter in China"
1861:"Energy Transfer to Covert Texas Gas Pipeline to Carry Crude"
994:"Trafigura more than doubles profit to new record in FY 2022"
971:
Trafigura predicts slower 2024 after record $ 7.4 bln profits
950:
941:
Handelszeitung, 21 December 2021, Retrieved 26 December 2021.
742:
637:
255:
177:
3328:"Ivory Coast Government Panel Releases Toxic Waste Findings"
246:, Galena Asset Management, Impala Terminals, Nala Renewables
2817:
1828:"Trafigura Signs $ 1.5B Prepayment Deal For Rosneft Supply"
1801:"UPDATE 2-Trafigura signs oil export deal with South Sudan"
938:
Wie sich die grösste Rohstoff-Firma der Welt neu erfindet.
3102:
Marc Guéniat, "Marée noire sur le négoce de carburants",
1670:"Trafigura's Puma Energy Snaps Up Central Combined Group"
595:
The following month Trafigura listed its first perpetual
2482:"Trafigura clinches $ 5.1 billion loan as trading grows"
1310:
718:
reported that Trafigura has become a major exporter for
305:
obtain a contract to sell Sudan's oil internationally.
3300:
867:
Some of Trafigura's major international units include:
584:
16:
Singapore-based multinational commodity trading company
3424:"Trafigura to pay $ 198 mln settlement to Ivory Coast"
2726:"Trafigura hands $ 885m to Top Executives via buyback"
1505:"Mining Journal - Trader Trafigura buys 8% of Norilsk"
1244:"U.S. Rare Earth: co-créateur de Trafigura au conseil"
3839:
1473:"Big traders emerge from the shadows as demand grows"
776:
reported Trafigura was under investigation by the US
703:
controversy that led them to both be barred from the
618:
to $ 1.11 billion, with profits falling 11% in 2012.
3945:
Non-renewable resource companies established in 1993
3567:"Trafigura targeted by US and Swiss over corruption"
1063:
Trafigura triples payouts to staff to record $ 5.9bn
548:
Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment
3183:"Updated Trafigura statement on Operation Car Wash"
3119:[Polluted air delivered to a fuel trader].
3117:"De l'air pollué livré à un négociant en carburant"
2834:"Big oil groups implicated in oil-for-food scandal"
1250:(in French). Geneva. 7 January 2013. Archived from
3955:Multinational companies headquartered in Singapore
3716:
2862:"Trafigura and Total are barred from fuel tenders"
2480:
2166:
1769:"Trafigura signs oil export deal with South Sudan"
1273:
1271:
1269:
679:in connection with a Liberian-registered turbine
3619:"$ 800m KenolKobil price tag 'too high for Puma'"
3509:"Trafigura found guilty of exporting toxic waste"
3452:"Trafigura execs released after Ivory Coast deal"
2662:"Trafigura's Profit Dips, Oil Trade Volumes Jump"
2261:Blas, Javier; Pearson, Samantha (31 March 2010).
745:reduced the maximum limit of sulphur in imported
3911:
3692:(Press release). 20 October 2016. Archived from
3303:"Profits for Europe, Industrial Slop for Africa"
3197:
741:pollution, damaging human health. Subsequently,
3296:
3294:
1450:
1448:
1266:
1217:"Publicity-shy Trafigura pushes for bond issue"
1215:Blas, Javier; Sakoui, Anousha (11 March 2010).
854:Alleged bribery of Angolan government officials
802:
399:In March 2013, Trafigura announced a deal with
3759:The King of Oil: The Secret Lives of Marc Rich
3752:
3320:
2759:"Galena Closes First Tranche of Resource Fund"
1306:
1304:
871:Trafigura Beheer BV, based in the Netherlands.
2416:"Trafigura earns nearly $ 1bn twice in a row"
2362:"Trafigura raises $ 500m with perpetual bond"
1736:"Angola, Trafigura JV form LNG trading group"
1182:Ball, James; Davies, Harries (23 July 2015).
1144:
1142:
795:In June 2024, Trafigura agreed to pay the US
3715:Farchy, Jack; Blas, Javier (14 April 2013).
3291:
3037:"Fuel 'too dirty' for Europe sold to Africa"
2360:Blas, Javier; Farchy, Jack (10 April 2013).
2081:"Rosneft leads $ 13bn purchase of Essar Oil"
1445:
1350:Blas, Javier; Farchy, Jack (14 April 2013).
1311:Douglas Hamilton Johnson (16 January 2003).
562:for use in refined copper production in the
543:The Lobito Corridor project is considered a
323:arm following the 2009 controversy over the
3595:(Press release). KenolKobil. Archived from
3356:
3177:
3175:
2260:
1703:"Trafigura bets $ 800m on Australia energy"
1301:
906:, is a non-executive director on the board.
669:, in which Trafigura holds a 49% interest.
3794:
3718:"Trafigura adds Lord Strathclyde to board"
3714:
3357:Leigh, David; Hirsch, Afua (13 May 2009).
2359:
1984:
1352:"Trafigura adds Lord Strathclyde to board"
1349:
1214:
1181:
1139:
503:(LAR), a joint venture between Trafigura,
3950:Singaporean companies established in 1993
3185:(Press release). Brazil. 21 November 2019
2787:
2659:
2516:"Global commodity traders get deal fever"
2446:
988:
986:
984:
3823:The Trafigura files and how to read them
3277:
3172:
3062:
3060:
3031:
3029:
2859:
2296:"Trafigura Bond Opens Up Traders' World"
1891:
1858:
429:, to Trafigura’s deep-water terminal at
3106:, number 2, November 2016, pages 15-17.
3093:
2756:
2690:
2660:Paraskova, Tsvetana (7 December 2016).
2139:
1667:
1609:"Trafigura refuses to aid fire inquiry"
1382:
772:Some 18 months later, in May 2020, the
3912:
3666:from the original on 23 September 2015
3656:"Puma drops bid to acquire KenolKobil"
3590:
3449:
3421:
3203:
3145:
2892:
2788:Kuchinsky, Valery (31 December 2001).
2738:from the original on 30 September 2015
2461:from the original on 18 September 2013
2428:from the original on 24 September 2015
2381:
2293:
2263:"Trafigura to sell €400m in Eurobonds"
2208:Mining Weekly. Access date: 2024-08-23
2111:
1936:from the original on 30 September 2015
1433:from the original on 30 September 2015
981:
967:
862:
3497:from the original on 2 February 2017.
3482:
3249:
3127:from the original on 10 November 2016
3066:
3057:
3026:
2874:from the original on 24 February 2013
2831:
2641:from the original on 21 December 2016
2513:
2341:from the original on 22 February 2014
2308:from the original on 22 February 2014
2217:
2078:
2047:
1781:from the original on 22 February 2014
1766:
1748:from the original on 22 February 2014
1733:
1715:from the original on 24 December 2013
1668:Shumsky, Tatyana (28 February 2013).
1589:from the original on 18 February 2009
1314:The root causes of Sudan's civil wars
1196:from the original on 10 December 2016
1163:from the original on 7 September 2013
1148:
1079:
1077:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1031:
1029:
963:
961:
959:
919:, a joint venture including Trafigura
3925:Oil and gas companies of Switzerland
3829:16 September 2009. This introduces:
3653:
3464:from the original on 2 December 2016
3371:from the original on 4 December 2016
3160:from the original on 8 November 2018
2907:from the original on 2 December 2016
2806:from the original on 4 November 2013
2723:
2705:from the original on 10 October 2016
2672:from the original on 3 February 2017
2609:from the original on 2 February 2017
2546:
2528:from the original on 11 October 2014
2447:Narayanan, Pratish (23 April 2013).
2413:
2230:from the original on 11 January 2023
2093:from the original on 30 January 2017
1904:from the original on 4 December 2013
1825:
1700:
1619:from the original on 2 December 2016
1563:from the original on 26 October 2008
1537:from the original on 27 October 2008
1531:"Vest Tank sweetened coker gasoline"
1470:
944:
797:Commodity Futures Trading Commission
778:Commodity Futures Trading Commission
585:Bond issuances and reported earnings
3940:Swiss companies established in 1993
3593:"KenolKobil - Cautionary Statement"
3539:
3403:from the original on 6 October 2014
3067:Dubas, Sébastie (7 November 2016).
2860:Micallef, Mark (21 February 2013).
2769:from the original on 8 October 2014
2757:Sormani, Angela (10 January 2013).
2594:
2060:from the original on 23 August 2015
1985:Zhdannikov, Dmitry (29 June 2015).
1966:from the original on 1 October 2015
1892:Pickrell, Emily (7 November 2013).
1840:from the original on 7 October 2013
968:Grover, Natalie (8 December 2023),
403:to export Dar Blend crude oil from
13:
3920:Oil and gas companies of Singapore
3521:from the original on 17 April 2016
3483:Leigh, David (16 September 2009).
3391:"In pictures: Ivorian toxic waste"
3334:. 23 November 2006. Archived from
2549:"Rare glimpse as Trafigura debuts"
2495:from the original on 25 March 2016
2140:Boechat, Geraldine (4 July 2023).
1383:Serafin, Tatiana (2 August 2013).
1149:Leigh, David (16 September 2009).
1074:
1045:
1026:
1004:from the original on 14 July 2023.
956:
780:(CFTC) for alleged corruption and
675:The company was named in the Iraq
378:Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation
14:
3966:
3781:
3731:from the original on 28 July 2019
2939:from the original on 12 June 2018
2893:Balzan, Saviour (11 March 2015).
2832:Hoyos, Carola (28 October 2005).
2795:. United Nations, New York, USA:
2414:Blas, Javier (20 December 2012).
2048:Place, Michael (10 August 2015).
2025:. 8 December 2014. Archived from
1859:Murtaugh, Dan (7 November 2013).
1645:. 5 February 2013. Archived from
1397:from the original on 3 March 2016
1331:from the original on 18 June 2013
929:
809:2006 Ivory Coast toxic waste dump
573:, which was a joint venture with
287:2006 Ivory Coast toxic waste dump
3930:Oil companies of the Netherlands
3897:
3885:
3873:
3861:
3849:
3278:Smagalla, David (17 June 2024),
3021:British Broadcasting Corporation
2958:"Dirty Diesel: Return to Sender"
2691:Hoffman, Andy (7 October 2016).
2514:Geoff, Hiscock (14 April 2014).
2330:Bond markets lure trading houses
2294:Peaple, Andrew (12 April 2013).
2251:Reuters. Access date: 2024-08-23
2218:Verma, Nidhi (11 January 2023).
2196:News 24. Access date: 2024-08-23
2112:Lawson, Alex (8 December 2022).
2079:Mundy, Simon (16 October 2016).
1734:Farge, Emma (28 February 2013).
1701:Blas, Javier (3 February 2013).
1682:from the original on 19 May 2013
1364:from the original on 19 May 2013
517:Democratic Republic of the Congo
353:In 2007, an explosion in Sløvåg
208:
207:
184:
183:
160:
159:
133:
132:
27:
3817:Trafigura and the Minton report
3708:
3678:
3647:
3611:
3591:Segman, Jacob I. (7 May 2012).
3584:
3559:
3533:
3501:
3476:
3450:Murphy, Peter (9 August 2007).
3443:
3422:Murphy, Peter (9 August 2007).
3415:
3383:
3350:
3271:
3243:
3225:
3146:Davies, Rob (8 November 2018).
3139:
3109:
2951:
2919:
2886:
2853:
2825:
2797:United Nations Security Council
2781:
2750:
2717:
2684:
2653:
2621:
2595:Teo, Vivian (7 December 2016).
2588:
2568:
2540:
2507:
2473:
2440:
2407:
2391:(Press release). Archived from
2353:
2320:
2287:
2254:
2242:
2211:
2199:
2187:
2159:
2133:
2105:
2072:
2041:
2011:
1978:
1948:
1916:
1885:
1852:
1819:
1793:
1760:
1727:
1694:
1661:
1631:
1601:
1575:
1549:
1523:
1497:
1464:
1409:
1376:
1343:
1236:
1208:
1175:
1113:
365:in a tank owned by the company
3631:. 9 March 2013. Archived from
3123:(in French). 7 November 2016.
3005:Swiss Broadcasting Corporation
2724:Hume, Neil (8 December 2014).
2547:Blas, Javier (20 April 2010).
1826:Kent, Sarah (4 October 2013).
1583:"Coker gasoline – low quality"
1417:"Trafigura 2014 Annual Report"
1093:
1016:"2022 Trafigura Annual Report"
1008:
444:Texas oil storage terminal to
341:
1:
3746:
3654:Juma, Victor (1 March 2013).
1767:Farge, Emma (27 March 2013).
1279:"Bond Prospectus 17 Apr 2013"
923:
728:non-governmental organisation
628:
3250:Rogan, Tom (18 April 2023).
2050:"Colombia's river of dreams"
1803:. Reuters UK. Archived from
1471:Blas, Javier (3 June 2011).
850:toxic waste from Amsterdam.
803:Waste dumping in Ivory Coast
453:Mubadala Development Company
7:
3204:Davies, Rob (31 May 2020).
3077:(in French). Archived from
2389:"2014 Trafigura Financials"
910:
433:, near the Gulf of Mexico.
61:; 31 years ago
10:
3971:
3833:(PDF file, 7.9 MiB).
1557:"A small pawn in the game"
806:
296:
265:Trafigura Group Pte. Ltd.
250:
233:
223:
199:
175:
151:
128:
114:
97:
87:
73:
55:
45:
35:
26:
22:Trafigura Group Pte. Ltd.
3104:Public Eye – Le magazine
1041:, Trafigura, 7 June 2023
419:Energy Transfer Partners
274:Trafigura was formed by
2971:, including the report
2963:26 October 2016 at the
917:Lobito Atlantic Railway
501:Lobito Atlantic Railway
491:United Capital Partners
3662:. Nation Media Group.
2054:Business News Americas
1866:Bloomberg Businessweek
1643:Hellenic Shipping News
735:high levels of sulphur
461:Minas de Aguas Teñidas
427:McMullen County, Texas
325:Côte d'Ivoire incident
78:Ocean Financial Centre
3660:Business Daily Africa
3307:Spiegel International
1960:The Financial Express
1615:. 26 September 2009.
1585:. NRK. 24 June 2008.
1559:. NRK. 24 June 2008.
1533:. NRK. 24 June 2008.
394:liquefied natural gas
110:, executive chairman)
3696:on 18 September 2017
3399:. 7 September 2006.
1932:. 21 February 2014.
1807:on 15 September 2016
1424:Irish Stock Exchange
1125:www.straitstimes.com
898:, the leader of the
762:Serious Fraud Office
677:Oil-for-Food Scandal
423:Eagle Ford oil field
291:Oil-for-Food Scandal
3802:Trafigura companies
3546:Wall Street Journal
3286:Wall Street Journal
3257:Washington Examiner
3045:. 15 September 2016
2637:. 7 December 2016.
2301:Wall Street Journal
1833:Wall Street Journal
1675:Wall Street Journal
1000:. 8 December 2022.
863:Corporate structure
790:Washington Examiner
788:In April 2023, the
782:market manipulation
726:In 2016, the Swiss
607:that is treated as
330:Executive chairman
225:Number of employees
23:
3764:St. Martin‘s Press
3629:Nation Media Group
3599:on 3 November 2013
3081:on 8 November 2016
3010:Le Journal du Mali
2984:The New York Times
1873:on 9 February 2014
1511:on 28 January 2013
1485:on 6 February 2014
1254:on 6 February 2014
935:Bernhard Fischer:
900:Conservative Party
887:EMINCAR, based in
766:Operation Car Wash
739:particulate matter
657:In support of its
601:Singapore Exchange
533:Hakainde Hichilema
511:, and independent
431:Corpus Christi Bay
21:
3773:978-0-312-57074-3
3338:on 1 October 2011
2584:, 1 November 2019
2491:. 24 March 2016.
2029:on 1 October 2015
1460:, Trafigura, 2024
1324:978-0-85255-392-3
1127:. 9 February 2023
1089:, Trafigura, 2024
1070:, 8 December 2023
1020:www.trafigura.com
756:In November 2018
751:parts per million
714:In May 2015, the
597:subordinated bond
313:Baron Strathclyde
262:
261:
219:
212:US$ 16.5 billion
195:
188:US$ 90.5 billion
171:
147:
119:Commodity trading
3962:
3902:
3901:
3890:
3889:
3888:
3878:
3877:
3876:
3866:
3865:
3864:
3854:
3853:
3852:
3845:
3798:
3793:
3792:
3790:Official website
3777:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3736:
3720:
3712:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3701:
3682:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3651:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3640:
3635:on 14 March 2013
3615:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3588:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3563:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3552:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3526:
3517:. 23 July 2010.
3505:
3499:
3498:
3480:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3469:
3447:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3436:
3419:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3408:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3332:Voice of America
3324:
3318:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3298:
3289:
3288:
3275:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3264:
3247:
3241:
3240:
3239:. 28 March 2024.
3229:
3223:
3222:
3220:
3218:
3201:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3190:
3179:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3086:
3064:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3033:
3024:
2955:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2923:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2890:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2829:
2823:
2822:
2813:
2811:
2805:
2794:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2544:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2511:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2484:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2411:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2291:
2285:
2284:
2282:
2280:
2271:. Archived from
2258:
2252:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2215:
2209:
2203:
2197:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2170:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2152:
2137:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2076:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2015:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2004:
1995:. Archived from
1982:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1962:. 16 July 2014.
1952:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1869:. Archived from
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1731:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1665:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1579:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1507:. Archived from
1501:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1481:. Archived from
1468:
1462:
1461:
1452:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1432:
1421:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1308:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1281:. Archived from
1275:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1212:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1146:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1081:
1072:
1071:
1058:
1043:
1042:
1033:
1024:
1023:
1012:
1006:
1005:
990:
979:
978:
965:
954:
948:
942:
933:
896:Lord Strathclyde
830:sodium hydroxide
826:hydrogen sulfide
749:from 3000 to 50
531:of the DRC, and
529:Félix Tshisekedi
469:
446:Buckeye Partners
375:
359:Sogn og Fjordane
317:Thomas Galbraith
258:
213:
211:
210:
204:
189:
187:
186:
180:
165:
164:US$ 7.4 billion
163:
162:
141:
136:
135:
69:
67:
62:
31:
24:
20:
3970:
3969:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3960:
3959:
3910:
3909:
3908:
3896:
3886:
3884:
3874:
3872:
3862:
3860:
3850:
3848:
3840:
3821:Leigh, David. "
3815:NRK Brennpunkt
3788:
3787:
3784:
3774:
3749:
3744:
3734:
3732:
3724:Financial Times
3713:
3709:
3699:
3697:
3684:
3683:
3679:
3669:
3667:
3652:
3648:
3638:
3636:
3624:The EastAfrican
3617:
3616:
3612:
3602:
3600:
3589:
3585:
3575:
3573:
3565:
3564:
3560:
3550:
3548:
3538:
3534:
3524:
3522:
3507:
3506:
3502:
3481:
3477:
3467:
3465:
3448:
3444:
3434:
3432:
3420:
3416:
3406:
3404:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3374:
3372:
3355:
3351:
3341:
3339:
3326:
3325:
3321:
3311:
3309:
3299:
3292:
3276:
3272:
3262:
3260:
3248:
3244:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3216:
3214:
3202:
3198:
3188:
3186:
3181:
3180:
3173:
3163:
3161:
3144:
3140:
3130:
3128:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3099:
3098:
3094:
3084:
3082:
3065:
3058:
3048:
3046:
3035:
3034:
3027:
3016:Financial Times
2965:Wayback Machine
2956:
2952:
2942:
2940:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2910:
2908:
2891:
2887:
2877:
2875:
2858:
2854:
2844:
2842:
2839:Financial Times
2830:
2826:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2792:
2786:
2782:
2772:
2770:
2755:
2751:
2741:
2739:
2731:Financial Times
2722:
2718:
2708:
2706:
2689:
2685:
2675:
2673:
2658:
2654:
2644:
2642:
2627:
2626:
2622:
2612:
2610:
2593:
2589:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2559:
2557:
2554:Financial Times
2545:
2541:
2531:
2529:
2512:
2508:
2498:
2496:
2479:
2478:
2474:
2464:
2462:
2445:
2441:
2431:
2429:
2421:Financial Times
2412:
2408:
2398:
2396:
2395:on 2 April 2015
2387:
2386:
2382:
2372:
2370:
2367:Financial Times
2358:
2354:
2344:
2342:
2335:Financial Times
2326:
2325:
2321:
2311:
2309:
2292:
2288:
2278:
2276:
2268:Financial Times
2259:
2255:
2247:
2243:
2233:
2231:
2216:
2212:
2204:
2200:
2192:
2188:
2178:
2176:
2173:Railways Africa
2165:
2164:
2160:
2150:
2148:
2146:Medafrica Times
2138:
2134:
2124:
2122:
2110:
2106:
2096:
2094:
2086:Financial Times
2077:
2073:
2063:
2061:
2046:
2042:
2032:
2030:
2023:Commodities Now
2017:
2016:
2012:
2002:
2000:
1999:on 30 July 2015
1983:
1979:
1969:
1967:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1939:
1937:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1907:
1905:
1890:
1886:
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2799:. p. 26.
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2275:on 20 May 2013
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2175:. 10 July 2023
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807:Main article:
804:
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758:Global Witness
663:business model
630:
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583:
552:Port of Lobito
455:—to invest in
442:Corpus Christi
438:Jinchuan Group
348:Norilsk Nickel
343:
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332:Claude Dauphin
310:House of Lords
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276:Claude Dauphin
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3762:. New York:
3757:
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2762:
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2742:29 September
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2666:Oilprice.com
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1483:the original
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1437:29 September
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1423:
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1220:
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1187:
1177:
1167:17 September
1165:. Retrieved
1156:The Guardian
1154:
1129:. Retrieved
1124:
1115:
1104:
1095:
1085:
1062:
1037:
1019:
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846:
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834:
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814:
812:
794:
789:
787:
773:
771:
755:
737:that causes
725:
713:
701:price fixing
697:
689:Mina al-Bakr
684:
674:
671:
656:
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646:
635:
632:
624:
620:
613:
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484:Barranquilla
476:
450:
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416:
409:
398:
382:
352:
345:
336:
329:
307:
303:
300:
284:
273:
264:
263:
235:Subsidiaries
202:Total equity
178:Total assets
74:Headquarters
36:Company type
18:
3935:Oil traders
3880:Netherlands
3868:Switzerland
3804:grouped at
3435:14 February
3407:14 February
3375:14 February
3312:14 February
3263:14 February
3164:14 February
3131:17 November
3100:(in French)
3085:14 February
3049:14 February
2943:14 February
2900:Malta Today
2465:28 November
2399:14 February
2373:20 November
2312:20 November
2179:14 February
2151:14 February
1785:20 November
1752:20 November
1593:5 September
1567:5 September
1541:5 September
1515:21 December
1368:20 November
1335:21 December
1200:13 December
953:on Craft.co
878:Puma Energy
822:waste water
815:Probo Koala
769:Petrobras.
747:diesel fuel
667:Puma Energy
482:inland and
464: [
457:base metals
401:South Sudan
386:Puma Energy
370: [
342:Investments
269:base metals
240:Puma Energy
104:Jeremy Weir
89:Area served
3914:Categories
3747:Literature
3735:1 February
3700:25 January
3571:Mining.com
3468:1 December
3121:20 minutes
3001:Al Jazeera
2969:Public Eye
2911:1 December
2709:25 January
2676:25 January
2645:25 January
2613:25 January
2499:25 January
2234:11 January
2125:8 December
2097:26 January
1908:1 December
1877:1 December
1844:1 December
1811:1 December
1623:1 December
1289:6 February
1258:1 December
1159:. London.
924:References
882:KenolKobil
731:Public Eye
629:Activities
505:Mota-Engil
405:Port Sudan
321:hedge fund
154:Net income
99:Key people
3892:Companies
3856:Singapore
3670:17 August
3639:17 August
3603:17 August
3576:20 August
3551:20 August
2698:Bloomberg
2454:Bloomberg
1457:Locations
1106:The Times
951:Trafigura
842:Newsnight
705:tendering
659:arbitrage
579:Greenergy
472:Andalusia
367:Vest Tank
280:Marc Rich
123:logistics
93:Worldwide
82:Singapore
50:Commodity
3756:(2009).
3729:Archived
3664:Archived
3519:Archived
3514:BBC News
3495:Archived
3462:Archived
3401:Archived
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