33:
487:
340:
386:
299:
287:
398:
449:
374:
275:
422:
475:
463:
499:
410:
523:
439:
362:
263:
511:
311:
87:
Other definitions include the surface of the ballast on which the track is laid, the area left after a track has been dismantled and the ballast removed or the track formation beneath the ballast and above the natural ground.
290:
401:
377:
425:
211:
478:
365:
1176:
1221:
204:
151:
631:
229:
197:
177:
879:
760:
302:
1342:
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104:
792:
237:
1095:
490:
1171:
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1033:
1023:
853:
591:
389:
220:
17:
1011:
986:
926:
606:
547:
1347:
1274:
1085:
899:
735:
710:
561:
540:
432:
32:
961:
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1314:
1166:
1123:
1016:
941:
324:
8:
1090:
1080:
636:
621:
581:
554:
329:
319:
84:/formation (see diagram). It is designed primarily to reduce the stress on the subgrade.
1041:
750:
533:
452:
1138:
884:
775:
745:
596:
173:
147:
36:
Section through railway track and foundation showing the ballast and formation layers
1188:
1075:
966:
931:
906:
765:
586:
413:
91:
The trackbed can significantly influence the performance of the track, especially
1304:
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981:
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874:
740:
611:
466:
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1143:
1060:
864:
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616:
502:
1181:
1336:
1279:
1118:
996:
991:
946:
715:
73:
486:
339:
1299:
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1284:
1264:
951:
894:
725:
442:
385:
298:
189:
92:
69:
351:
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1309:
1006:
889:
828:
397:
109:
77:
49:
448:
373:
274:
1133:
1113:
1001:
813:
808:
730:
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601:
346:
266:
57:
53:
1289:
1269:
1155:
956:
572:
514:
314:
1319:
1206:
936:
911:
838:
755:
421:
119:
81:
474:
462:
1259:
1231:
916:
843:
833:
823:
818:
526:
498:
114:
409:
1241:
1236:
1226:
1216:
1148:
921:
869:
679:
522:
438:
361:
262:
52:
is laid. Trackbeds of disused railways are sometimes used for
694:
510:
310:
689:
684:
674:
669:
664:
649:
172:(4th ed.). Sutton Publishing Ltd. p. 297.
1334:
144:Ellis' British Railway Engineering Encyclopaedia
27:Base portion of a railway-supporting structure
205:
219:
212:
198:
31:
167:
137:
135:
14:
1335:
193:
141:
132:
24:
25:
1359:
230:Offshore geotechnical engineering
521:
509:
497:
485:
473:
461:
447:
437:
420:
408:
396:
384:
372:
360:
338:
309:
297:
285:
273:
261:
72:, the trackbed is the layers of
48:is the groundwork onto which a
161:
13:
1:
880:Mechanically stabilized earth
125:
63:
632:Hydraulic conductivity tests
7:
1193:Stress distribution in soil
105:Embankment (transportation)
98:
10:
1364:
343:Pore pressure measurement
1250:
1205:
1104:
1096:Preconsolidation pressure
1068:
1059:
1032:
852:
801:
788:
703:
657:
648:
571:
491:Standard penetration test
249:
236:
227:
168:Jackson, Alan A. (2006).
592:California bearing ratio
390:Rotary-pressure sounding
221:Geotechnical engineering
1012:Geosynthetic clay liner
987:Expanded clay aggregate
607:Proctor compaction test
548:Crosshole sonic logging
534:Nuclear densometer test
291:Geo-electrical sounding
95:of passenger services.
1275:Earthquake engineering
1086:Lateral earth pressure
711:Hydraulic conductivity
562:Wave equation analysis
541:Exploration geophysics
433:Deformation monitoring
402:Rotary weight sounding
170:The Railway Dictionary
37:
453:Settlement recordings
378:Rock control drilling
279:Cone penetration test
35:
1315:Agricultural science
1017:Cellular confinement
142:Ellis, Iain (2006).
1207:Numerical analysis
1091:Overburden pressure
1081:Pore water pressure
861:Shoring structures
736:Reynolds' dilatancy
637:Water content tests
622:Triaxial shear test
582:Soil classification
555:Pile integrity test
1343:Fills (earthworks)
1182:Slab stabilisation
1162:Stability analysis
54:recreational paths
38:
1330:
1329:
1201:
1200:
1177:Sliding criterion
1139:Response spectrum
1055:
1054:
885:Pressure grouting
784:
783:
644:
643:
597:Direct shear test
303:Permeability test
153:978-1-8472-8643-7
80:above a prepared
16:(Redirected from
1355:
1189:Bearing capacity
1076:Effective stress
1066:
1065:
967:Land reclamation
907:Land development
802:Natural features
799:
798:
766:Specific storage
655:
654:
587:Atterberg limits
525:
513:
501:
489:
477:
465:
451:
441:
426:Screw plate test
424:
412:
400:
388:
376:
364:
342:
313:
301:
289:
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265:
247:
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214:
207:
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191:
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184:
183:
165:
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157:
139:
21:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1357:
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1353:
1352:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1305:Earth materials
1246:
1208:
1197:
1106:
1100:
1051:
1028:
982:Earth structure
977:Erosion control
875:Ground freezing
865:Retaining walls
848:
790:
780:
741:Angle of repose
699:
640:
574:
567:
566:
527:Visible bedrock
479:Simple sounding
467:Shear vane test
243:instrumentation
242:
240:
232:
223:
218:
188:
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180:
166:
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154:
140:
133:
128:
101:
66:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
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1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1256:
1254:
1252:Related fields
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1234:
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1213:
1211:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1198:
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1195:
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1185:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1172:Classification
1169:
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1146:
1144:Seismic hazard
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1049:
1044:
1038:
1036:
1030:
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1027:
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1021:
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1019:
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1009:
1004:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
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964:
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944:
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929:
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919:
914:
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867:
858:
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849:
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836:
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826:
821:
816:
811:
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796:
786:
785:
782:
781:
779:
778:
773:
771:Shear strength
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
746:Friction angle
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
707:
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682:
677:
672:
667:
661:
659:
652:
646:
645:
642:
641:
639:
634:
629:
627:Oedometer test
624:
619:
617:Sieve analysis
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
577:
569:
568:
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564:
558:
557:
551:
550:
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543:
537:
536:
530:
529:
518:
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506:
505:
503:Total sounding
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217:
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209:
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130:
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117:
112:
107:
100:
97:
65:
62:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1360:
1349:
1348:Permanent way
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1321:
1318:
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1316:
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1308:
1306:
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1283:
1281:
1280:Geomorphology
1278:
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1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1124:Consolidation
1122:
1120:
1119:Frost heaving
1117:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1103:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
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1084:
1082:
1079:
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1064:
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1058:
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1045:
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1040:
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1037:
1035:
1031:
1025:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
999:
998:
997:Geosynthetics
995:
993:
992:Crushed stone
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
947:Cut-and-cover
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
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908:
905:
901:
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893:
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886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
862:
860:
859:
857:
855:
851:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
806:
804:
800:
797:
794:
787:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
716:Water content
714:
712:
709:
708:
706:
702:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
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610:
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563:
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556:
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532:
531:
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524:
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519:
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512:
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507:
504:
500:
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495:
492:
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484:
483:
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476:
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471:
468:
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460:
459:
454:
450:
446:
444:
440:
436:
435:
434:
431:
430:
427:
423:
419:
418:
415:
414:Sample series
411:
407:
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403:
399:
395:
394:
391:
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382:
379:
375:
371:
370:
367:
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358:
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350:
348:
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341:
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331:
328:
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323:
321:
318:
317:
316:
312:
308:
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304:
300:
296:
295:
292:
288:
284:
283:
280:
276:
272:
271:
268:
264:
260:
259:
256:
253:
248:
245:
239:
238:Investigation
235:
231:
226:
222:
215:
210:
208:
203:
201:
196:
195:
192:
181:
179:0-7509-4218-5
175:
171:
164:
155:
149:
145:
138:
136:
131:
121:
118:
116:
113:
111:
108:
106:
103:
102:
96:
94:
89:
85:
83:
79:
75:
71:
68:According to
61:
59:
55:
51:
50:railway track
47:
43:
34:
30:
19:
1300:Biogeography
1295:Hydrogeology
1285:Soil science
1265:Geochemistry
1024:Infiltration
971:
952:Cut and fill
895:Soil nailing
761:Permeability
726:Bulk density
443:Inclinometer
366:Ram sounding
251:
169:
163:
146:. Lulu.com.
143:
93:ride quality
90:
86:
70:Network Rail
67:
45:
41:
39:
29:
1310:Archaeology
1034:Foundations
1007:Geomembrane
890:Slurry wall
829:Water table
793:Interaction
789:Structures
776:Sensitivity
573:Laboratory
110:Green track
78:sub-ballast
1337:Categories
1167:Mitigation
1149:Shear wave
1134:Earthquake
1129:Compaction
1114:Permafrost
1105:Phenomena/
1002:Geotextile
927:Embankment
917:Excavation
854:Earthworks
814:Vegetation
809:Topography
731:Thixotropy
721:Void ratio
704:Properties
602:Hydrometer
347:Piezometer
267:Core drill
126:References
64:Background
58:light rail
1290:Hydrology
1270:Petrology
1158:analysis
1156:Landslide
1061:Mechanics
972:Track bed
957:Fill dirt
942:Terracing
515:Trial pit
330:Statnamic
315:Load test
158:, p. 386.
42:track bed
1320:Agrology
1209:software
1107:problems
937:Causeway
912:Landfill
839:Subgrade
756:Porosity
751:Cohesion
120:Subgrade
99:See also
82:subgrade
46:trackbed
18:Trackbed
1260:Geology
1232:SVSlope
1042:Shallow
962:Grading
900:Tieback
844:Subsoil
834:Bedrock
824:Topsoil
819:Terrain
612:R-value
575:testing
325:Dynamic
252:in situ
250:Field (
115:Roadbed
74:ballast
60:links.
56:or new
1242:Plaxis
1237:UTEXAS
1227:SVFlux
1217:SEEP2D
1069:Forces
922:Trench
870:Gabion
680:Gravel
320:Static
176:
150:
1222:STABL
695:Loess
658:Types
1047:Deep
690:Loam
685:Peat
675:Sand
670:Silt
665:Clay
650:Soil
352:Well
174:ISBN
148:ISBN
76:and
40:The
932:Cut
241:and
44:or
1339::
1191:*
134:^
795:)
791:(
254:)
213:e
206:t
199:v
182:.
156:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
