217:, fresh produce processing), the term traceability refers to the recording through means of barcodes or RFID tags and other tracking media, all movement of product and steps within the production process. One of the key reasons this is such a critical point is in instances where an issue of contamination arises, and a recall is required. Where traceability has been closely adhered to, it is possible to identify, by precise date/time and exact location which goods must be recalled, and which are safe, potentially saving millions of dollars in the recall process. Traceability within the food processing industry is also utilised to identify key high production and quality areas of a business, versus those of low return, and where points in the production process may be improved.
131:, traceability may be both a regulatory and an ethical or environmental issue. Traceability is increasingly becoming a core criterion for sustainability efforts related to supply chains wherein knowing the producer, workers and other links stands as a necessary factor that underlies credible claims of social, economic, or environmental impacts. Environmentally friendly retailers may choose to make information regarding their supply chain freely available to customers, illustrating the fact that the products they sell are manufactured in factories with safe working conditions, by workers that earn a fair wage, using methods that do not damage the environment.
420:
269:
an internet based traceability software system for monitoring fresh grapes exported from India to the
European Union. GrapeNet is a first of its kind initiative in India that has put in place an end-to-end system for monitoring pesticide residue, achieve product standardization and facilitate tracing back from pallets to the farm of the Indian grower, through the various stages of sampling, testing, certification and packing. Grapenet won the National Award (Gold), in the winners announced for the best e-Governance initiatives undertaken in India in 2007.
435:
143:, traceability refers to the capability to associate a finished part with destructive test results performed on material from the same ingot with the same heat treatment, or to associate a finished part with results of a test performed on a sample from the same melt identified by the unique lot number of the material. Destructive tests typically include chemical composition and mechanical strength tests. A
999:
232:) which can be traced through the entire production flow, linking all sections of the business, including suppliers and future sales through the supply chain. Messages and files at any point in the system can then be audited for correctness and completeness, using the traceability software to find the particular transaction and/or product within the supply chain.
200:
standard) which codify the syntax and semantics for supply chain events and the secure method for selectively sharing supply chain events with trading partners. These standards for traceability have been used in successful deployments in many industries and there are now a wide range of products that
268:
India has started taking initiatives for setting up traceability systems at
Government and Corporate levels. Grapenet, an initiative by Agriculture and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA), Ministry of Commerce, Government of India is an example in this direction. GrapeNet is
389:
In transaction processing software, traceability implies use of a unique piece of data (e.g., order date/time or a serialized sequence number) which can be traced through the entire software flow of all relevant application programs. Messages and files at any point in the system can then be audited
147:
is usually marked on the part or raw material which identifies the ingot it came from, and a lot number may identify the group of parts that experienced the same heat treatment (i.e., were in the same oven at the same time). Material traceability is important to the aerospace, nuclear, and process
471:
To prevent theft, and assist in locating stolen objects, goods may be marked indelibly or undetectably so that they may be determined to be stolen, and in some cases identified. For example, it is sometimes arranged that stolen banknotes are marked with indelible dye to show that they are stolen;
398:
Patient safety during healthcare service plays an important role in preventing delayed recovery or even mortality, by increasing and improving the quality of life of citizens, and is considered an indicator of the quality status of health services
Maintaining patient safety is a complex task and
402:
Recent research in the healthcare industry emphasizes the significant impact of
Blockchain Technology (BCT) on improving the performance of healthcare supply chain management. It highlights BCT's role in enhancing transparency, data immutability, and efficient management, leading to better
247:, has been developed to define the principles for food traceability and specifies the basic requirements for the design and implementation of a feed and food traceability system. It can be applied by an organization operating at any step in the feed and food chain.
25:
Other common definitions include the capability (and implementation) of keeping track of a given set or type of information to a given degree, or the ability to chronologically interrelate uniquely identifiable entities in a way that is verifiable.
148:
industry because they frequently make use of high strength materials that look identical to commercial low strength versions. In these industries, a part made of the wrong material is called "counterfeit", even if the substitution was accidental.
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has recognized the importance of traceability for medical products of human origin (MPHO) and urged member states "to encourage the implementation of globally consistent coding systems to facilitate national and international traceability".
341:
Enhanced traceability ensures that the supply chain data is 100% accurate from the forest to the point of export. Nowadays, there are techniques to predict geographical provenance of wood and contribute to the fight against illegal logging.
254:'s General Food Law came into force in 2002, making traceability compulsory for food and feed operators and requiring those businesses to implement traceability systems. The EU introduced its Trade Control and Expert System, or
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involves factors inherent to the environment and human actions. New technologies facilitate the traceability tools of patients and medications. This is particularly relevant for drugs that are considered high risk and cost.
302:
countries), timber tracking is now part of daily business for many enterprises and jurisdictions. Full traceability offers advantages for multiple partners along the supply chain beyond certification systems, including:
949:"Safety and Traceability in Patient Healthcare through the Integration of RFID Technology for Intravenous Mixtures in the Prescription-Validation-Elaboration-Dispensation-Administration Circuit to Day Hospital Patients"
775:
272:
The
Directorate Generate Foreign Trade (DGFT), Government of India, through its notification dated 04.02.2009 relating to Amendment in Foreign Trade Policy (RE2008)has mandated that Export to the
22:
is the capability to trace something. In some cases, it is interpreted as the ability to verify the history, location, or application of an item by means of documented recorded identification.
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561:
294:, traceability has emerged in the last decade as a new tool to verify claims and assure buyers about the source of their materials. Mostly led out of Europe, and targeting countries where
177:
number or series number basis. Traceability is an important aspect for example in the automotive industry, where it makes recalls possible, or in the food industry where it contributes to
480:, an invisible gel detectable for years, to mark thieves and their clothing when breaking into or tampering with the machine was found in a 2016 pilot scheme to reduce theft by 90%.
382:(RTM) can be very arduous and over time the traces tend to erode into an inaccurate state unless date/time stamped. Alternate automated approaches for generating traces using
76:
In many countries, national standards for weights and measures are maintained by a
National Metrological Institute (NMI) which provides the highest level of standards for the
96:(NRC). As defined by NIST, "Traceability of measurement requires the establishment of an unbroken chain of comparisons to stated references each with a stated uncertainty."
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for correctness and completeness, using the traceability key to find the particular transaction. This is also sometimes referred to as the transaction footprint.
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224:, traceability systems imply the use of a unique piece of data (e.g., order date/time or a serialized sequence number, generally through the use of a
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358:) refers to the ability to link product requirements back to stakeholders' rationales and forward to corresponding design artifacts, code, and
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is permitted subject to registration with APEDA, thereby making
Grapenet mandatory for all exports of fresh grapes from India to Europe.
262:
1164:
557:
Moyer-Lee, J. and M. Prowse (2015), 'How
Traceability is Restructuring Malawi’s Tobacco Industry', Development Policy Review 33:2
1190:
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Majcen N., Taylor P. (Editors), Practical examples on traceability, measurement uncertainty and validation in chemistry, Vol 1;
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73:- from current interpretation of evidence to the actual evidence in a legal context, or history of handling of any information.
1049:"Adoption of blockchain technology enabled healthcare sustainable supply chain to improve healthcare supply chain performance"
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258:, in April 2004. The system provides a central database to track movement of animals within the EU and from third countries.
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Video which explains the relationship between
Calibration - Traceability - Accreditation with flow measuring devices
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http://web.unitn.it/files/download/34693/moyer-leeandprowse2012iobworkingpaper-traceabilityandtobaccoinmalawi.pdf
578:"Three Guidelines to Reveal What's Hiding in Your Supply Chain – COSA | Committee on Sustainability Assessment"
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selection, and requirements validation. It is usually accomplished in the form of a matrix created for the
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has also designed a system called "Traceability & Electronic
Information System of the Beef Industry".
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29:
Traceability is applicable to measurement, supply chain, software development, healthcare and security.
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technology tools in the health sector to control and improve the efficiency of their critical processes
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80:/ measurement traceability infrastructure in that country. Examples of government agencies include the
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Vries, E. N. de; Ramrattan, M. A.; Smorenburg, S. M.; Gouma, D. J.; Boermeester, M. A. (2008-06-01).
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607:"A Guide to Traceability: A Practical Approach to Advance Sustainability in Global Supply Chains"
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Kaelber, David C.; Bates, David W. (2007). "Health information exchange and patient safety".
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477:
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173:, traceability refers to the capability for tracing goods along the distribution chain on a
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Vishwakarma, Amit; Dangayach, G.S.; Meena, M.L.; Gupta, Sumit; Luthra, Sunil (2022-01-01).
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92:(PTB) in Germany, the Instituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRiM) in Italy, and the
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This same practice extends throughout industries using military hardware, including the
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cooperation among stakeholders and effective risk mitigation in healthcare services.
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MartĂnez PĂ©rez, MarĂa; Vázquez González, Guillermo; Dafonte, Carlos (2016-07-28).
721:"Case Study - HortiNet – Traceability System for Horticulture Products from India"
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Reducing the risk of illegal or non-compliant material entering the supply chains.
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A number of timber tracking companies are in operation to service global demand.
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of the project. Unfortunately, the practice of constructing and maintaining a
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892:"The incidence and nature of in-hospital adverse events: a systematic review"
1160:"Traceability" from the Global Legal Information Network Subject Term Index
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Mechanism to comply with local and international policies and regulations.
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798:"Timber isoscapes. A case study in a mountain area in the Italian Alps"
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they can be identified by their unique serial numbers. Announcing that
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to a traceable standard can be used to determine an instrument's bias,
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Allowing automatic reconciliation of batches and volumes available.
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1018:"Lug Healthcare: un guĂa digital para evitar errores en oncologĂa"
1102:"Co-op ATM thieves to be sprayed with long-lasting traceable gel"
279:
225:
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is used to refer to an unbroken chain of comparisons relating an
746:"Welcome to nginx eaa1a9e1db47ffcca16305566a6efba4!185.15.56.1"
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Providing coordination between authorities and relevant bodies.
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Within the context of supporting legal and sustainable forest
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Hospital Traceability Solutions|LĹ«g Healthcare Technology
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to keep track of livestock from birth to slaughterhouse.
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are certified as being compatible with these standards.
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Yuri, Gori; Ana, Stradiotti; Federica, Camin (2018).
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196:standards (especially the EPC Information Services
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319:Offering a method of stock control and monitoring.
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370:, compliance verification or traceback of code,
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1150:National Institute of Standards and Technology
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322:Triggering real-time alerts of non-compliance.
86:National Institute of Standards and Technology
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854:
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184:The international standards organization
1004:Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
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325:Reducing likelihood of recording errors.
263:National Livestock Identification System
107:is traceable to a time standard such as
328:Improving effectiveness and efficiency.
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1028:from the original on 16 November 2018
1015:
665:"General Food Law | Food Safety"
90:Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt
1016:Fraga, Alberto (22 September 2016).
1002:This content is available under the
545:ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
530:participating institution membership
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1053:Management of Environmental Quality
94:National Research Council of Canada
13:
1112:from the original on 13 March 2020
285:
204:
14:
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896:Quality and Safety in Health Care
857:Journal of Biomedical Informatics
772:"Uruguay, cattle-raising country"
613:. United Nations Global Compact.
362:. Traceability supports numerous
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346:Systems and software development
82:National Physical Laboratory, UK
69:. It may also be used to show a
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778:from the original on 2016-12-02
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727:from the original on 2012-11-22
677:from the original on 2016-03-04
646:from the original on 2019-04-14
617:from the original on 2020-07-23
588:from the original on 2021-09-01
548:, Section III, Article NCA-9000
467:Geolocation § Applications
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119:is a source of traceable time.
1191:Radio-frequency identification
1100:Rupert Jones (3 August 2017).
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476:were fitted with sprayers of
386:methods have been developed.
16:Capability to trace something
823:10.1371/journal.pone.0192970
354:, the term traceability (or
334:Promoting company integrity.
239:, ISO 22005, as part of the
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134:
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1155:NIST Policy on Traceability
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415:Security and crime-fighting
376:verification and validation
10:
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640:B&B Electro-Mechanical
636:"Why Traceability Matters"
464:
162:
109:Coordinated Universal Time
869:10.1016/j.jbi.2007.08.011
517:Oxford English Dictionary
424:Greater Manchester Police
408:World Health Organization
380:requirements trace matrix
356:requirements traceability
117:Global Positioning System
113:International Atomic Time
43:metrological traceability
1065:10.1108/MEQ-02-2022-0025
908:10.1136/qshc.2007.023622
761:No.84(RE-2008)/2004-2009
331:Increasing transparency.
298:has been a key problem (
222:food processing software
39:measurement traceability
611:www.unglobalcompact.org
522:Oxford University Press
426:SmartWater warning sign
88:(NIST) in the USA, the
1216:Pharmaceuticals policy
427:
368:change impact analysis
422:
384:information retrieval
1211:Forest certification
1201:Software engineering
364:software engineering
352:software development
1206:Systems engineering
965:2016Senso..16.1188M
814:2018PLoSO..1392970G
520:(Online ed.).
366:activities such as
127:Within a product's
584:. 4 January 2019.
564:2017-08-09 at the
445:. You can help by
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261:Australia has its
99:A clock providing
1196:Wireless locating
1136:978-92-79-12021-3
974:10.3390/s16081188
528:(Subscription or
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194:EPCglobal Network
192:has ratified the
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959:(8): 1188.
582:thecosa.org
511:"traceable"
454:August 2017
394:Health care
179:food safety
145:heat number
78:calibration
59:Calibration
53:to a known
33:Measurement
1180:Categories
1032:10 October
782:2009-09-16
756:2013-02-16
731:2008-12-17
706:2013-02-21
681:2009-03-13
650:2016-12-30
621:2016-12-30
592:2021-09-01
532:required.)
496:References
490:Provenance
478:SmartWater
465:See also:
360:test cases
243:family of
163:See also:
155:industry.
84:(NPL) the
47:instrument
1081:252095654
1073:1477-7835
916:2044-5415
245:standards
241:ISO 22000
186:EPCglobal
171:logistics
159:Logistics
141:materials
135:Materials
63:precision
37:The term
1186:Barcodes
1116:3 August
1110:Archived
1026:Archived
1022:El Mundo
993:27483269
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