568:
Organizations
Receiving Subsidies from the United States of America". This conference led to the formation of the Preparatory Committee for the Oppose-America, Assist-Korea Three-Self Reform Movement of the Christian Church (TSRM) under China's United Work Front policy. Those who attended the conference issued a "United Declaration" calling churches and other Christian organizations “to thoroughly, permanently and completely sever all relationships with the American missions and all other missions, thus realizing self-government, self-support and self-propagation in the Chinese church." The declaration had the unexpected effect of swelling the membership of congregations that identified themselves as “self-run.”
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182:
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537:, to make known the clear political stand of Christians in New China, to hasten the building of a Chinese church whose affairs are managed by the Chinese themselves, and to indicate the responsibilities that should be taken up by Christians throughout the whole country in national reconstruction in New China.
858:
The Bible has been revealed by God and written down by human beings through the inspiration of the Holy Spirit. The Bible is the highest authority in matters of faith and the standard of life for believers. Through the leading of the Holy Spirit, people in different times have gained new light in the
727:
that "Anti-China forces in the West are attempting to continue to influence the social stability of our country through
Christianity, and even subvert the political power of our country". He also called for continued state action against independent Christians stating "For individual black sheep who,
866:
Human beings are made in the image of God, but cannot become gods. God has given humanity dominion over all God's creation. Because of sin, human beings have diminished God's glory, yet through faith and the grace of Jesus Christ, human beings are redeemed and saved, and are granted resurrection and
759:
hymnal associated with the house churches is also used in TSPM churches. Through its official channels, TSPM has criticized the hymn for supposedly questioning the
Movement's view of Christianity in service of Chinese socialism. TSPM church services also feature non-Christian Communist Party songs.
621:
The work towards establishing the
Protestant TSPM was seen to have potential also for Chinese Catholics to create a "three-self" (or, in English sources, often translated "three-autonomies") patriotic organization, even though this language was never used in earlier Catholic missiological discourse
567:
In March 1951, after China's entry into the Korean War, the
Religious Affairs Bureau directed religious groups to make elimination of imperialist influences a priority. In mid-April the State Administrative Council called together a conference in Beijing on the subject of "Handling of Christian
677:
The TSPM is not a denomination, and denominational distinctions do not exist within the organization. Pastors are trained at one of thirteen officially sanctioned seminaries. Current theological emphasis is on "a protection and promotion of the five basic tenets of
Christian faith—the
1600:
647:(CCC) was formed. However, many Christians in China were skeptical of the government's intention in reinstituting the TSPM, partly because those entrusted in its local administration were often ones who had participated in repressive actions in the past.
839:
is the
Comforter, who enables people to know their sinfulness and to repent, who bestows wisdom and ability and every grace, leading us to know God and to enter into the truth, enabling people to live holy lives, and to give beautiful witness to Christ.
698:. Authorities tightly monitor registered and unregistered religious groups, and the TSPM is often charged with being an instrument for the secular Chinese government, which persecutes Christians outside of it. Independent congregations are known as
642:
movement during this period was a result of all
Chinese Christian worship being driven underground for fear of persecution. In 1979 the government officially restored the TSPM after thirteen years of non-existence, and in 1980 the
526:" was published in July 1950 and its original title was "Direction of Endeavor for Chinese Christianity in the Construction of New China". During the 1950s, 400,000 Protestant Christians publicly endorsed and signed this document.
1596:
588:
strategy in order to remove foreign influences from the
Chinese churches and to assure the government that the churches would be patriotic to the newly established People's Republic of China. Other Protestant leaders included
851:. The visible church is called by God to be a fellowship of those who believe in Jesus Christ. It was established by the apostles as Jesus instructed them. The mission of the church is to preach the gospel, to administer the
1014:
2059:
1719:
693:
Oversight of religion flows from recognition by the
Chinese Communist Party of five religions: Buddhism, Catholicism, Taoism, Islam, and Protestantism, although the CCP's nearly 100 million members are required to be
855:, to teach and nurture believers, to do good works, and to bear witness to the Lord. The church is both universal and particular. The Chinese Church must build itself up in love and be one in Christ.
480:
of Christian missions reflecting an almost universal agreement that the future of the Chinese church depended on the indigenization of the leadership, and the finding of sufficiently Chinese modes of
690:." The primary role of the TSPM was then delegated to liaison with the Government whereas the CCC serves as an ecclesial organization focusing on the internal management and affairs of the Church.
473:. The "Nevius Method," named for John Livingstone Nevius, a missionary to China and Korea, developed the three-self principle of Venn and Anderson into a plan for establishing indigenous churches.
1573:
2052:
618:, anti-feudalism, and anti-bureaucratic capitalism efforts. The movement, in the eyes of critics, allowed the government to infiltrate, subvert, and control much of organized Christianity.
457:
The three principles of self-governance, self-support (i.e., financial independence from foreigners), and self-propagation (i.e., indigenous missionary work) were first articulated by
3965:
2045:
2584:
1752:
1004:
1709:
874:. According to the teachings of the Bible, no one knows the day of his coming, and any method to determine when Christ will come again violates the teachings of the Bible.
2874:
2851:
2816:
2740:
2879:
824:, born of the Holy Spirit, the Word made flesh, wholly God and wholly human. He came into the world to save humankind, to witness to God the Father, to preach the
719:, the chairman of the National Three-Self Patriotic Movement Committee, gave a speech about the use of Christianity by western powers to destabilize China and the
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724:
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470:
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712:
In 2018, the TSPM's parent organization, the State Administration for Religious Affairs, was absorbed into the CCP's United Front Work Department.
703:
651:
622:
like it was by Protestant missionaries. Those who resisted were arrested or killed. But by 1957, some Chinese Catholics eventually established the
436:
161:
2272:
598:
476:
By 1877 three-self principles were much discussed among missionaries to China. The principles were drafted formally during an 1892 conference in
2002:(New York, National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Division of Foreign Missions. Far Eastern Office, 1963).
3539:
1923:. National Committee of Three-Self Patriotic Movement of the Protestant Churches in China/China Christian Council. May 15, 2008. Archived from
1691:
942:
702:. The attempt to bring house church Christians into the fold of "registered" meeting places has met with mixed results. Since the ascension of
716:
78:
1542:
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68:
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1916:
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1279:
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728:
under the banner of Christianity, participate in subverting national security, we firmly support the country to bring them to justice".
3439:
1340:
Leung, Philip Yuen-sang (2004). "Conversion, Commitment, Culture: Christian Experiences in China, 1949–99". In Lewis, Donald M. (ed.).
440:
119:
863:
in accordance with the principle of rightly explaining the word of truth. It should not be interpreted arbitrarily or out of context.
2475:
3600:
2644:
3935:
907:
709:, the Chinese government has cracked down on house churches and oppressed their members, actions which the TSPM has supported.
623:
458:
658:
to create a national conference for religious groups. The TSPM was one of five such religious groups, which also included the
3960:
3432:
1888:
1847:
1820:
1783:
1630:
1519:
1409:
1312:
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877:
A Christian's faith and works are one. Christians must live out Christ in the world, glorifying God and benefiting people.
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147:
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2151:
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2972:
2501:
1961:
1663:
1382:
981:
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1005:"Reorganizing the United Front Work Department: New Structures for a New Era of Diaspora and Religious Affairs Work"
3914:
3506:
1973:"The Chinese Church's Delicate Dance: A conversation with the head of the Protestant Three-Self Patriotic Movement"
3945:
3745:
3615:
3309:
2377:
2000:
Documents of the Three-Self Movement: Source Materials for the Study of the Protestant Church in Communist China.
3669:
3214:
2831:
2511:
2258:
1992:
902:
814:, the Lord who creates and sustains the cosmos and all that is in it, who keeps and cares for the whole world.
667:
303:
202:
2357:
2141:
2124:
671:
542:
396:
375:
349:
282:
224:
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2037:
1985:
Seeking the Common Ground : Protestant Christianity, the Three-Self Movement, and China's United Front.
1116:
Records of the General Conference of the Protestant Missionaries of China: Held at Shanghai, May 10-24, 1977
3975:
3970:
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3455:
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2826:
2594:
2576:
2566:
912:
659:
655:
432:
157:
638:, the expression of religious life in China was effectively banned, including the TSPM. The growth of the
3856:
2551:
2452:
2295:
1774:
Chen, Ruiwen (2017). "Sinicizing Christian Music at Shanghai Community Church". In Zheng, Yangwen (ed.).
1956:(Chichester, West Sussex; Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, Blackwell Guides to Global Christianity, 2012).
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1972:
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2884:
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2589:
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2423:
1265:
Seeking the Common Ground: Protestant Christianity, the Three-Self Movement, and China's United Front
973:
The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church$ The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (4 ed.)
462:
96:
1490:
Søvik, Arne (Spring 1979). "Religion, Religious Institutions and Religious Possibilities in China".
948:
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It further stated the movement promoted the "self-governance, self-support, and self-propagation" (
419:
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3723:
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2068:
1839:
Jesus in Beijing: How Christianity Is Transforming China And Changing the Global Balance of Power
1536:
720:
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605:
523:
493:
414:
395:
The National Committee of the Three-Self Patriotic Movement of the Protestant Churches in China (
91:
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897:
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2506:
2390:
2385:
2281:
1399:
1114:
917:
892:
860:
829:
742:, first published in the 1980s, is the official hymnal of the TSPM churches. Editors include
683:
55:
3574:
3564:
3529:
3501:
3251:
3065:
2516:
2238:
1514:. Translated by Sun, Li; Bryant, Shelly. Montreal, Quebec: Royal Collins Publishing Group.
1009:
765:
639:
1163:. New York: National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A. 1963. pp. 19–20.
8:
3892:
3820:
3800:
3569:
3329:
3130:
3030:
2521:
2400:
1199:
Failing to Contain Religion: The Emergence of a Protestant Movement in Contemporary China
922:
804:
778:
635:
2028:
181:
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3219:
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2003:
1988:
1957:
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1515:
1405:
1378:
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1269:
1230:
1202:
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977:
610:
1342:
Christianity Reborn: The Global Expansion of Evangelicalism in the Twentieth Century
3825:
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615:
247:
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971:
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3334:
3304:
3292:
3100:
3080:
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2629:
2619:
1456:
Bays, Daniel H. (Fall 2009). "American Public Discourse on the Church in China".
1437:
Bays, Daniel H. (Fall 2009). "American Public Discourse on the Church in China".
1302:
215:
212:
209:
3730:
3424:
2639:
2546:
2541:
2531:
2460:
2114:
1949:
1220:
1178:. Montgomery, AL: Air Force Personnel and Training Research Center. p. 8.
811:
699:
466:
428:
268:
1119:, Shanghai, China: Presbyterian Mission Press, pp. 39, 264, 289, 330, 477
3929:
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1206:
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871:
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367:
40:
1304:
Three of China's Mighty Men: Leaders of the Chinese Church Under Persecution
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3000:
2990:
2952:
2944:
2934:
2916:
2634:
2536:
2433:
2300:
2177:
1183:
817:
810:
God is Spirit. God is loving, just, holy, and trustworthy. God is almighty
794:
755:
743:
594:
254:
2007:
1401:
Church Militant: Bishop Kung and Catholic Resistance in Communist Shanghai
828:; he was crucified, died, and was buried. He rose again and ascended into
3170:
3160:
3140:
3095:
3070:
3045:
3040:
3005:
2861:
2808:
2614:
2485:
2202:
1655:
Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 1997: Congressional Hearing
1201:(PhD). Berkeley, CA: University of California, Berkeley. pp. 42–43.
821:
797:
as the foundation of our faith, the main points of which are as follows:
534:
2250:
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3185:
3165:
3155:
3125:
3075:
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3010:
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2929:
2924:
2669:
2207:
2192:
2182:
2172:
1968:
1000:
706:
590:
515:
503:
1566:"Rise in Christians has China's churches, government looking for help"
3780:
3765:
3120:
3035:
2187:
852:
511:
296:
3180:
3060:
2957:
2197:
1572:. Domestic & Foreign Missionary Society, The Episcopal Church.
747:
499:
477:
317:
3770:
3090:
2367:
1714:
801:
695:
679:
518:
to discuss Protestant Christianity's relationship with the young
481:
1710:"China official says West using Christianity to 'subvert' power"
3681:
2480:
825:
550:
404:
383:
357:
423:(two organizations). Together, they form the state-sanctioned
3633:
3110:
1037:
786:
519:
371:
109:
1745:"West using Christianity to subvert Chinese state: Official"
847:
is the body of Christ and Christ is its Head. The church is
2022:
1964:), esp. Ch. 7, "Christianity and the New China, 1950–1966.
576:
172:
3966:
Organizations associated with the Chinese Communist Party
3775:
322:
308:
1036:
Trammel, Madison, "Marking Time in the Middle Kingdom",
1229:. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 160–166.
1651:
1511:
An Ideological History of the Communist Party of China
1080:(3rd ed.), New York: Foreign Missionary Library,
1479:(MA). The University of British Columbia. p. 36.
1062:
To Apply the Gospel: Selections from the Writings of…
584:
When the TSPM was established in 1954, it promoted a
374:. It is colloquially known as the Three-Self Church (
287:
273:
259:
1508:
Guoyou, Wu; Xuemei, Ding (2020). Zheng, Qian (ed.).
785:
The Chinese Church takes the contents of the entire
471:
American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
1078:
The Planting and Development of Missionary Churches
366:) is the official government supervisory organ for
1366:
1102:, Seoul, South Korea: Christian Literature Society
725:Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
614:in 1954, it pledged the support of Christians for
3927:
3454:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1307:. Christian Focus Publications. pp. 38–43.
1176:The Christian Church in Communist China, to 1952
723:(CCP). In addition he stated in a speech at the
629:
437:Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
410:Zhōngguó Jīdūjiào Sānzì Àiguó Yùndòng Wěiyuánhuì
162:Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
16:State-regulated Protestant organization in China
1842:. Washington: Regnery Publishing. p. 110.
1703:
1701:
502:and other prominent Protestant leaders such as
3540:Shangdong Chinese Independent Christian Church
580:CCC&TSPM office on Jiujiang Road, Shanghai
3616:
3440:
2266:
2053:
1998:Wallace C. Merwin and Francis P. Jones, ed.,
1348:
562:
529:The purpose of publishing this document was:
229:
207:
1921:Church Order of Protestant Churches in China
1881:Encyclopedia of Contemporary Chinese Culture
1698:
1507:
1155:
1153:
1151:
888:List of the largest Protestant denominations
3951:Christian organizations established in 1951
1883:. Oxon: Taylor & Francis. p. 832.
1868:
1739:
1737:
1597:"Chinese Churches on the Way Towards Unity"
1535:"TSPM – A Young Evangelist's Perspective",
1477:Protestants and the State in Post-Mao China
1255:
781:was adopted by the TSPM on 8 January 2008:
3623:
3609:
3447:
3433:
2273:
2259:
2060:
2046:
2027:
1690:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1268:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 166.
441:State Administration for Religious Affairs
180:
120:State Administration for Religious Affairs
2476:Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho
2280:
1707:
1361:
1294:
1148:
832:. He will come again to judge the world.
3941:Members of the World Council of Churches
1734:
1404:. Harvard University Press. p. 88.
575:
1954:A New History of Christianity in China.
1874:
1755:from the original on September 21, 2019
1722:from the original on September 21, 2019
1652:United States Congress (October 2000).
1397:
1261:
682:, Christ being both human and God, the
3928:
1835:
1806:
1658:. Washington, D. C. pp. 156–157.
1603:from the original on September 6, 2012
1563:
1226:A New History of Christianity in China
1173:
1075:
947:(in Chinese). CCC TSPM. Archived from
624:Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association
487:
3604:
3428:
2254:
2041:
1987:(Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1988).
1967:
1633:from the original on October 14, 2018
1503:
1501:
1489:
1474:
1339:
1300:
1129:
1112:
1097:
1060:Venn, Henry (1971), Warren, M (ed.),
999:
969:
772:
1897:from the original on August 27, 2023
1856:from the original on August 27, 2023
1813:Dictionary of Christian Spirituality
1773:
1672:from the original on August 27, 2023
1455:
1436:
1418:from the original on August 27, 2023
1243:from the original on August 27, 2023
1219:
1196:
1161:Documents of the Three-Self Movement
1059:
995:
993:
514:met in Beijing with Chinese premier
443:' absorption into the UFWD in 2018.
3414:National Christian Council of China
1778:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 290–318.
1594:
1576:from the original on March 19, 2012
1035:
148:National Christian Council of China
13:
3482:China Christian Independent Church
2152:Nanjing Union Theological Seminary
1943:
1564:Wilson, Lynette (March 14, 2012).
1545:from the original on July 21, 2011
1498:
1344:. William B. Eerdmans. p. 90.
1113:Yates, Matthew Tyson, ed. (1878),
1017:from the original on July 21, 2019
849:apostolic, one, holy, and catholic
533:to heighten our vigilance against
14:
3987:
3888:Heterodox teachings (Chinese law)
2014:
1751:. Straits Times. March 12, 2019.
1708:Blanchard, Ben (March 12, 2019).
1321:from the original on June 5, 2023
1282:from the original on June 5, 2023
1076:Nevius, John Livingstone (1899),
990:
686:, Death and Resurrection and the
3915:Huichang Persecution of Buddhism
3744:
3632:
3507:Evangelical Free Church of China
1629:. Council on Foreign Relations.
1100:The Nevius Plan for Mission Work
571:
417:(CCC) are known in China as the
1909:
1829:
1800:
1767:
1645:
1615:
1588:
1557:
1528:
1483:
1468:
1449:
1430:
1391:
1373:. London: Paternoster. p.
1333:
1213:
1190:
1167:
1130:Grant, Paul (January 1, 2007),
763:The main periodical of TSPM is
731:
323:
309:
3670:Chinese salvationist religions
3215:Catholic Patriotic Association
2832:Christianity in Inner Mongolia
1197:Vala, Carsten Timothy (2008).
1123:
1106:
1091:
1069:
1053:
1029:
963:
935:
903:Catholic Patriotic Association
746:, a renowned hymn composer in
668:Catholic Patriotic Association
555:
546:
409:
400:
388:
379:
362:
353:
324:saam1 zi6 oi3 gwok3 wan6 dung6
288:
274:
260:
230:
208:
1:
3936:Three-Self Patriotic Movement
3560:Three-Self Patriotic Movement
3235:Three-Self Patriotic Movement
2125:Holy Trinity Church, Shanghai
2073:Three-Self Patriotic Movement
1879:. In Davis, Edward L. (ed.).
1811:. In Scorgie, Glen G. (ed.).
1599:. World Council of Churches.
1494:. Vol. XVII, no. 2.
1098:Clark, Charles Allen (1937),
944:中国基督教三自爱国运动委员会第八届主席、副主席、秘书长名单
928:
672:Buddhist Association of China
634:From 1966 to 1976 during the
630:After the Cultural Revolution
342:Three-Self Patriotic Movement
193:Three-Self Patriotic Movement
24:Three-Self Patriotic Movement
3961:1951 establishments in China
3883:Freedom of religion in China
3456:Chinese Independent Churches
2827:Christianity in Heilongjiang
1627:Council on Foreign Relations
913:Chinese Independent Churches
660:Islamic Association of China
656:United Front Work Department
433:United Front Work Department
158:United Front Work Department
7:
3956:United and uniting churches
3356:Anti-sex-selective abortion
2296:Timeline of Chinese history
1262:Wickeri, Philip L. (2011).
976:. Oxford University Press.
881:
859:Bible. The Bible should be
807:, everlasting and eternal.
469:, foreign secretary of the
461:, General Secretary of the
431:. They are overseen by the
310:sāam jih oi gwok wahn duhng
131:; 70 years ago
10:
3992:
3585:Back to Jerusalem movement
3381:Chinese Christian Colleges
2502:Franciscan missions (Yuan)
2316:Catholic Church in Shaanxi
2311:Catholic Church in Sichuan
2232:Nanjing Theological Review
2225:Chinese Theological Review
2142:St. Paul's Church, Nanjing
1875:Fällman, Frederik (2009).
1815:. Zondervan. p. 591.
1039:Christianity Today Library
664:Chinese Taoist Association
654:approved a request by the
563:Three-Self Reform Movement
520:People's Republic of China
491:
450:
446:
372:People's Republic of China
3903:Ghosts in Chinese culture
3898:Regional Religious System
3875:
3839:
3753:
3742:
3645:
3552:
3522:
3477:Church of Christ in China
3469:
3462:
3399:
3361:Anti-footbinding campaign
3343:
3260:
3203:
3109:
2971:
2943:
2915:
2902:
2885:Christianity in Hong Kong
2870:Christianity in Guangdong
2860:
2807:
2779:
2726:Christianity in Chongqing
2716:
2668:
2659:
2590:Medical missions in China
2575:
2567:St. Paul's College, Macau
2557:Chinese Rites controversy
2494:
2451:
2442:
2424:Hymns of Universal Praise
2414:
2376:
2348:
2288:
2216:
2165:
2107:
2079:
1398:Mariani, Paul P. (2011).
559:) of the Chinese church.
463:Church Missionary Society
334:
316:
302:
295:
281:
267:
253:
246:
241:
237:
223:
201:
197:
192:
167:
153:
143:
125:
115:
105:
97:World Council of Churches
84:
74:
64:
54:
46:
36:
28:
23:
3647:Major religions in China
3513:Lutheran Church of China
3325:Second Sino-Japanese War
2842:Christianity in Liaoning
2766:Christianity in Xinjiang
2708:Christianity in Zhejiang
2703:Christianity in Shanghai
2698:Christianity in Shandong
2512:Foreign Missions Society
2471:Mogao Christian painting
2396:Studium Biblicum Version
2333:Protestantism in Sichuan
2321:Catholic Church in Tibet
2306:Catholic Church in China
2120:Haidian Christian Church
1807:Neeley, Paul L. (2016).
1064:, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans
943:
203:Traditional Chinese
3909:Three Persian religions
3816:Mongolian folk religion
3580:China Gospel Fellowship
3409:China Christian Council
3391:Sino-Christian theology
3310:Anti-Christian Movement
3240:China Christian Council
3225:The Christian Manifesto
2875:Christianity in Guangxi
2852:Christianity in Tianjin
2817:Christianity in Beijing
2756:Christianity in Sichuan
2751:Christianity in Shaanxi
2746:Christianity in Qinghai
2741:Christianity in Ningxia
2736:Christianity in Guizhou
2693:Christianity in Jiangxi
2688:Christianity in Jiangsu
2527:Giovanni de' Marignolli
2406:Today's Chinese Version
2340:Chinese Orthodox Church
2108:Churches and seminaries
2088:The Christian Manifesto
2069:China Christian Council
1776:Sinicizing Christianity
721:Chinese Communist Party
645:China Christian Council
608:" was published in the
606:The Christian Manifesto
524:The Christian Manifesto
494:The Christian Manifesto
465:from 1841 to 1873, and
415:China Christian Council
225:Simplified Chinese
92:China Christian Council
3946:Protestantism in China
3665:Folk ritual ministries
3535:Gospel of Grace Church
3351:Science and technology
3273:Century of humiliation
3205:Church-state relations
3031:Mary Stone (Shi Meiyu)
2996:Deng Yuzhi (Cora Deng)
2880:Christianity in Hainan
2847:Christianity in Shanxi
2771:Christianity in Yunnan
2683:Christianity in Fujian
2605:Divie Bethune McCartee
2562:Martyr Saints of China
2552:Frédéric-Vincent Lebbe
2507:Jesuit missions (Ming)
2328:Protestantism in China
1836:Aikman, David (2012).
1570:Episcopal News Service
1301:Lyall, Leslie (2006).
1174:Ferris, Helen (1956).
970:Louth, Andrew (2022).
898:Protestantism in China
879:
581:
556:zìzhì, zìyǎng, zìchuán
539:
3655:Chinese folk religion
3565:House church movement
3553:Established post-1949
3136:Ignatius Kung Pin-Mei
2890:Christianity in Macau
2837:Christianity in Jilin
2822:Christianity in Hebei
2799:Christianity in Hunan
2794:Christianity in Hubei
2789:Christianity in Henan
2761:Christianity in Tibet
2731:Christianity in Gansu
2678:Christianity in Anhui
2391:Chinese Union Version
2282:Christianity in China
2130:Moore Memorial Church
1133:The Three Self Church
918:Positive Christianity
893:Christianity in China
783:
704:CCP general secretary
579:
531:
3575:Fangcheng Fellowship
3530:Christian Tabernacle
3502:Bread of Life Church
3463:Established pre-1949
3376:Cantonese Roman Type
3207:in People's Republic
3066:John Ching Hsiung Wu
2517:John of Montecorvino
1917:"Chapter Two: Faith"
1749:www.straitstimes.com
1475:Dunch, Ryan (1991).
1010:Jamestown Foundation
640:Chinese house church
439:(CCP) following the
275:Santzu Aikuo Yüntung
3976:Christian socialism
3971:Christian communism
3893:Irreligion in China
3821:Qiang folk religion
3660:Ancestor veneration
3570:Born Again Movement
3400:Interdenominational
3366:Anti-opium campaign
3330:Cultural Revolution
3230:Protestant Lianghui
3131:Aloysius Jin Luxian
2903:Chinese Christians
2522:Odoric of Pordenone
2401:Chinese New Version
1983:Philip L. Wickeri.
1623:"Religion in China"
923:Christian communism
779:confession of faith
636:Cultural Revolution
488:Christian Manifesto
363:Sānzì Àiguó Yùndòng
289:Sandz Aigwo Yundung
261:Sānzì Àiguó Yùndòng
3806:Miao folk religion
3702:Theravada Buddhism
3386:Manchurian revival
3371:Chinese Roman Type
3220:Underground church
2466:Jingjiao Documents
2453:Church of the East
2429:Chinese New Hymnal
2386:Delegates' Version
2378:Bible translations
1977:Christianity Today
1927:on August 26, 2014
1538:Amity News Service
1363:Johnstone, Patrick
951:on August 21, 2017
867:everlasting life.
773:Statement of faith
739:Chinese New Hymnal
582:
453:Three-self formula
60:National Committee
3923:
3922:
3831:Yao folk religion
3639:Religion in China
3598:
3597:
3548:
3547:
3497:True Jesus Church
3422:
3421:
3320:Chinese Civil War
3305:Xinhai Revolution
3283:Taiping Rebellion
3268:Rites controversy
3199:
3198:
3056:Francis C. M. Wei
2909:
2898:
2897:
2655:
2654:
2248:
2247:
1971:(November 2004).
1890:978-0-415-77716-2
1849:978-1-59698-652-7
1822:978-0-310-53103-6
1785:978-90-04-33037-5
1521:978-1-4878-0392-6
1411:978-0-674-06317-4
1314:978-1-85792-493-0
1275:978-1-61097-529-2
1236:978-1-4443-4284-0
652:Central Committee
650:In 1980, the CCP
338:
337:
330:
329:
304:Yale Romanization
283:Yale Romanization
248:Standard Mandarin
188:
187:
75:Secretary General
3983:
3796:Manchu shamanism
3748:
3697:Tibetan Buddhism
3692:Chinese Buddhism
3637:
3636:
3625:
3618:
3611:
3602:
3601:
3467:
3466:
3449:
3442:
3435:
3426:
3425:
3315:Nanjing incident
3300:Tianjin Massacre
2913:
2912:
2905:
2666:
2665:
2625:Jonathan Goforth
2449:
2448:
2275:
2268:
2261:
2252:
2251:
2157:Other seminaries
2138:
2099:Amity Foundation
2062:
2055:
2048:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2026:
2025:
2023:Official website
1980:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1872:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1741:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1705:
1696:
1695:
1689:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1592:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1561:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1505:
1496:
1495:
1487:
1481:
1480:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1458:The China Review
1453:
1447:
1446:
1439:The China Review
1434:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1395:
1389:
1388:
1372:
1359:
1346:
1345:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1157:
1146:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1073:
1067:
1065:
1057:
1051:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1022:
997:
988:
987:
967:
961:
960:
958:
956:
939:
616:anti-imperialism
557:
548:
411:
402:
390:
381:
364:
355:
326:
325:
312:
311:
291:
290:
277:
276:
263:
262:
239:
238:
233:
232:
219:
218:
190:
189:
184:
179:
176:
174:
168:Official website
139:
137:
132:
21:
20:
3991:
3990:
3986:
3985:
3984:
3982:
3981:
3980:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3919:
3871:
3835:
3754:Other religions
3749:
3740:
3641:
3631:
3629:
3599:
3594:
3590:Shouwang Church
3544:
3518:
3458:
3453:
3423:
3418:
3401:
3395:
3339:
3335:Boluan Fanzheng
3293:Boxer Rebellion
3256:
3206:
3195:
3112:
3105:
3101:David Z. T. Yui
3081:Y. C. James Yen
2986:Chiang Kai-shek
2967:
2939:
2907:
2904:
2894:
2856:
2803:
2775:
2712:
2661:
2651:
2630:Cambridge Seven
2620:Timothy Richard
2595:Robert Morrison
2571:
2490:
2444:Mission history
2438:
2410:
2372:
2344:
2284:
2279:
2249:
2244:
2212:
2161:
2132:
2103:
2075:
2066:
2032:
2021:
2020:
2017:
1946:
1944:Further reading
1941:
1940:
1930:
1928:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1900:
1898:
1891:
1873:
1869:
1859:
1857:
1850:
1834:
1830:
1823:
1805:
1801:
1786:
1772:
1768:
1758:
1756:
1743:
1742:
1735:
1725:
1723:
1706:
1699:
1683:
1682:
1675:
1673:
1666:
1650:
1646:
1636:
1634:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1606:
1604:
1593:
1589:
1579:
1577:
1562:
1558:
1548:
1546:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1522:
1506:
1499:
1488:
1484:
1473:
1469:
1454:
1450:
1435:
1431:
1421:
1419:
1412:
1396:
1392:
1385:
1369:Operation World
1360:
1349:
1338:
1334:
1324:
1322:
1315:
1299:
1295:
1285:
1283:
1276:
1260:
1256:
1246:
1244:
1237:
1221:Bays, Daniel H.
1218:
1214:
1195:
1191:
1172:
1168:
1159:
1158:
1149:
1139:
1137:
1128:
1124:
1111:
1107:
1096:
1092:
1074:
1070:
1058:
1054:
1044:
1042:
1034:
1030:
1020:
1018:
1003:(May 9, 2019).
998:
991:
984:
968:
964:
954:
952:
945:
941:
940:
936:
931:
884:
791:Apostles' Creed
775:
734:
715:In March 2019,
632:
574:
565:
496:
490:
455:
449:
171:
135:
133:
130:
101:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3989:
3979:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3912:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3879:
3877:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3869:
3864:
3862:Inner Mongolia
3859:
3854:
3849:
3843:
3841:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3757:
3755:
3751:
3750:
3743:
3741:
3739:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3727:
3726:
3721:
3719:Roman Catholic
3716:
3706:
3705:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3651:
3649:
3643:
3642:
3628:
3627:
3620:
3613:
3605:
3596:
3595:
3593:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3556:
3554:
3550:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3526:
3524:
3520:
3519:
3517:
3516:
3510:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3473:
3471:
3464:
3460:
3459:
3452:
3451:
3444:
3437:
3429:
3420:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3411:
3405:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3270:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3248:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3211:
3209:
3201:
3200:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3117:
3115:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2977:
2975:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2949:
2947:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2921:
2919:
2910:
2906:(by period of
2900:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2866:
2864:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2813:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2785:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2722:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2674:
2672:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2642:
2640:Gladys Aylward
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2581:
2579:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2547:Angelo Zottoli
2544:
2542:Joachim Bouvet
2539:
2534:
2532:Francis Xavier
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2457:
2455:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2420:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2382:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2354:
2352:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2336:
2335:
2325:
2324:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2303:
2298:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2285:
2278:
2277:
2270:
2263:
2255:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2220:
2218:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2115:Chongyi Church
2111:
2109:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2076:
2065:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2016:
2015:External links
2013:
2012:
2011:
1996:
1981:
1965:
1950:Daniel H. Bays
1945:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1908:
1889:
1867:
1848:
1828:
1821:
1809:"Canaan Hymns"
1799:
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1766:
1733:
1697:
1664:
1644:
1614:
1587:
1556:
1527:
1520:
1497:
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1212:
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989:
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915:
910:
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900:
895:
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880:
777:The following
774:
771:
733:
730:
700:house churches
631:
628:
611:People's Daily
573:
570:
564:
561:
492:Main article:
489:
486:
467:Rufus Anderson
451:Main article:
448:
445:
435:(UFWD) of the
429:mainland China
401:中国基督教三自爱国运动委员会
336:
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332:
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320:
314:
313:
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297:Yue: Cantonese
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242:Transcriptions
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37:Classification
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3988:
3977:
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3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
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3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
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3288:Yangzhou riot
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3051:Wang Ming-Dao
3049:
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3046:Tseng Pao-sun
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
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3027:
3024:
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3019:
3017:
3016:Lu Zhengxiang
3014:
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3009:
3007:
3004:
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2999:
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2953:Hong Xiuchuan
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2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2610:Hudson Taylor
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2600:Karl Gützlaff
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
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2580:
2578:
2574:
2568:
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2359:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2350:Terms for God
2347:
2341:
2338:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2329:
2326:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
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2240:
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2186:
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2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2147:Tianhe Church
2145:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2100:
2097:
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2089:
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2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2063:
2058:
2056:
2051:
2049:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2030:
2024:
2019:
2018:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1962:9781405159548
1959:
1955:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1912:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1882:
1878:
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1855:
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1832:
1824:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1803:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1781:
1777:
1770:
1759:September 21,
1754:
1750:
1746:
1740:
1738:
1726:September 21,
1721:
1717:
1716:
1711:
1704:
1702:
1693:
1687:
1671:
1667:
1665:9780788185427
1661:
1657:
1656:
1648:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1618:
1602:
1598:
1595:Mengfei, Gu.
1591:
1575:
1571:
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1560:
1544:
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1531:
1523:
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1513:
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1471:
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1459:
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1444:
1440:
1433:
1417:
1413:
1407:
1403:
1402:
1394:
1386:
1384:9781850783572
1380:
1376:
1371:
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1185:
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1177:
1170:
1162:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1135:
1134:
1126:
1118:
1117:
1109:
1101:
1094:
1087:
1083:
1079:
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1063:
1056:
1041:
1040:
1032:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1002:
996:
994:
985:
983:9780199642465
979:
975:
974:
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950:
946:
938:
934:
924:
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916:
914:
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891:
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885:
878:
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873:
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838:
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831:
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813:
808:
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803:
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792:
788:
782:
780:
770:
768:
767:
761:
758:
757:
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749:
745:
741:
740:
729:
726:
722:
718:
713:
710:
708:
705:
701:
697:
691:
689:
688:Second Coming
685:
681:
675:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
648:
646:
641:
637:
627:
625:
619:
617:
613:
612:
607:
602:
600:
599:Yang Shaotang
596:
592:
587:
578:
572:Establishment
569:
560:
558:
552:
544:
538:
536:
530:
527:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
508:Chen Chonggui
505:
501:
498:In May 1950,
495:
485:
483:
479:
474:
472:
468:
464:
460:
454:
444:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
421:
416:
412:
406:
398:
393:
391:
389:Sānzì Jiàohuì
385:
377:
373:
369:
368:Protestantism
365:
359:
351:
347:
343:
333:
321:
319:
315:
307:
305:
301:
298:
294:
286:
284:
280:
272:
270:
266:
258:
256:
252:
249:
245:
240:
236:
228:
226:
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217:
214:
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206:
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200:
196:
191:
183:
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166:
163:
159:
156:
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149:
146:
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128:
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118:
114:
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108:
104:
98:
95:
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90:
89:
87:
83:
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77:
73:
70:
67:
63:
59:
57:
53:
49:
45:
42:
39:
35:
31:
27:
22:
19:
3907:
3761:Baháʼí Faith
3709:Christianity
3677:Confucianism
3559:
3515:(since 1951)
3509:(since 1949)
3492:Jesus Family
3487:Local church
3252:House church
3234:
3151:Liu Xiaofeng
3146:Lin Shengben
3086:Ying Lianzhi
3026:Watchman Nee
3001:Feng Yuxiang
2991:Cheng Jingyi
2935:Yang Tingyun
2645:
2635:Eric Liddell
2537:Matteo Ricci
2434:Canaan Hymns
2301:Christianity
2237:
2230:
2223:
2217:Publications
2178:Marcus Cheng
2086:
2072:
2033:(in Chinese)
1999:
1984:
1976:
1953:
1929:. Retrieved
1925:the original
1920:
1911:
1899:. Retrieved
1880:
1870:
1860:February 14,
1858:. Retrieved
1838:
1831:
1812:
1802:
1775:
1769:
1757:. Retrieved
1748:
1724:. Retrieved
1713:
1674:. Retrieved
1654:
1647:
1635:. Retrieved
1626:
1617:
1605:. Retrieved
1590:
1578:. Retrieved
1569:
1559:
1547:, retrieved
1537:
1530:
1510:
1491:
1485:
1476:
1470:
1461:
1457:
1451:
1442:
1438:
1432:
1420:. Retrieved
1400:
1393:
1368:
1341:
1335:
1323:. Retrieved
1303:
1296:
1284:. Retrieved
1264:
1257:
1245:. Retrieved
1225:
1215:
1198:
1192:
1175:
1169:
1160:
1138:, retrieved
1132:
1125:
1115:
1108:
1099:
1093:
1077:
1071:
1061:
1055:
1043:, retrieved
1038:
1031:
1021:November 18,
1019:. Retrieved
1008:
972:
965:
955:September 4,
953:. Retrieved
949:the original
937:
876:
870:Christ will
869:
865:
857:
842:
834:
820:is the only
818:Jesus Christ
816:
809:
799:
795:Nicene Creed
784:
776:
764:
762:
756:Canaan Hymns
754:
752:
744:Lin Shengben
737:
735:
732:Publications
714:
711:
692:
684:Virgin Birth
676:
649:
633:
620:
609:
603:
595:Marcus Cheng
583:
566:
554:
540:
532:
528:
497:
475:
456:
418:
408:
394:
387:
361:
345:
341:
339:
255:Hanyu Pinyin
85:Associations
29:Abbreviation
18:
3801:Manichaeism
3171:Wang Weifan
3161:Matthias Lu
3141:Samuel Lamb
3096:Paul Yu Pin
3071:Wu Leichuan
3006:Francis Hsu
2908:prominence)
2660:By province
2615:Lottie Moon
2461:Xi'an Stele
2289:Foundations
2203:Wang Weifan
2133: [
2080:Foundations
1969:Galli, Mark
1718:. Reuters.
1676:October 26,
1492:China Notes
1325:October 10,
1286:October 10,
1001:Joske, Alex
861:interpreted
837:Holy Spirit
717:Xu Xiaohong
535:imperialism
154:Merged into
79:Xu Xiaohong
65:Chairperson
47:Orientation
3930:Categories
3736:Falun Gong
3714:Protestant
3278:Opium Wars
3245:Seminaries
3191:Zhao Fusan
3186:Allen Yuan
3166:K. H. Ting
3156:Lü Xiaomin
3126:He Guanghu
3076:Wu Yi-fang
3041:Sun Yatsen
3021:Ma Xiangbo
3011:Jia Yuming
2981:T. C. Chao
2963:Xi Shengmo
2930:Xu Guangqi
2925:Candida Xu
2662:and region
2577:Protestant
2208:Zhao Fusan
2193:Jia Yuming
2183:K. H. Ting
2173:T. C. Chao
1993:0883444410
1877:"Tianfeng"
929:References
908:Henry Venn
872:come again
853:Sacraments
822:Son of God
800:Ours is a
707:Xi Jinping
670:, and the
591:Jia Yuming
586:three-self
516:Zhou Enlai
504:T. C. Chao
459:Henry Venn
427:church in
425:Protestant
413:) and the
269:Wade–Giles
69:Fu Xianwei
56:Governance
41:Protestant
3857:Northeast
3847:Hong Kong
3840:By region
3781:Dongbaism
3766:Benzhuism
3121:Joseph Gu
3036:John Sung
2646:(more...)
2239:Tian Feng
2188:Joseph Gu
2008:471718935
1794:961004413
1686:cite book
1637:August 8,
1464:(2): 4–5.
1207:547151833
1086:601015072
766:Tian Feng
512:Cora Deng
3786:Hinduism
3724:Orthodox
3687:Buddhism
3523:Regional
3470:National
3181:Y. T. Wu
3113:Republic
3111:People's
3061:Paul Wei
2973:Republic
2958:Liang Fa
2585:Agencies
2495:Catholic
2198:Y. T. Wu
2094:Lianghui
1901:July 29,
1895:Archived
1854:Archived
1753:Archived
1720:Archived
1670:Archived
1631:Archived
1601:Archived
1574:Archived
1549:March 5,
1543:archived
1416:Archived
1365:(2001).
1319:Archived
1280:Archived
1247:March 5,
1241:Archived
1223:(2011).
1015:Archived
882:See also
793:and the
748:Shanghai
547:自治、自养、自传
500:Y. T. Wu
478:Shanghai
420:lianghui
318:Jyutping
175:.ccctspm
144:Absorbed
3876:Related
3826:Sikhism
3791:Judaism
3771:Bimoism
3176:Wang Yi
3091:Dora Yu
2781:Central
2368:Shangdi
2358:Tianzhu
1931:May 31,
1715:Reuters
1607:May 31,
1580:May 31,
1445:(2): 4.
1422:July 4,
1184:5542137
696:atheist
680:Trinity
543:Chinese
482:worship
447:History
397:Chinese
376:Chinese
370:in the
350:Chinese
160:of the
134: (
116:Founder
50:Various
3682:Taoism
3344:Impact
3261:Events
2481:Alopen
2166:People
2006:
1991:
1960:
1887:
1846:
1819:
1792:
1782:
1662:
1518:
1408:
1381:
1311:
1272:
1233:
1205:
1182:
1140:May 1,
1084:
1045:May 1,
980:
845:church
830:heaven
826:gospel
812:Father
802:Triune
789:, the
666:, the
662:, the
604:When "
597:, and
553::
551:pinyin
545::
510:, and
407::
405:pinyin
399::
386::
384:pinyin
378::
360::
358:pinyin
354:三自爱国运动
352::
231:三自爱国运动
126:Origin
106:Region
3867:Tibet
3852:Macau
3731:Islam
2862:South
2809:North
2416:Hymns
2137:]
1136:, NSM
787:Bible
110:China
2945:Qing
2917:Ming
2718:West
2670:East
2486:Adam
2363:Shen
2071:and
2004:OCLC
1989:ISBN
1958:ISBN
1933:2012
1903:2017
1885:ISBN
1862:2017
1844:ISBN
1817:ISBN
1790:OCLC
1780:ISBN
1761:2019
1728:2019
1692:link
1678:2016
1660:ISBN
1639:2024
1609:2012
1582:2012
1551:2009
1516:ISBN
1424:2022
1406:ISBN
1379:ISBN
1327:2019
1309:ISBN
1288:2019
1270:ISBN
1249:2018
1231:ISBN
1203:OCLC
1180:OCLC
1142:2007
1082:OCLC
1047:2007
1023:2019
978:ISBN
957:2010
843:The
835:The
753:The
736:The
380:三自教会
346:TSPM
340:The
177:.org
136:1954
129:1954
32:TSPM
3776:Bon
1375:164
805:God
522:. "
392:).
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