344:. The Prosecutor had obtained the evidence from the United Nations and other sources on the condition of confidentiality, but the judges ruled that the Prosecutor had incorrectly applied the relevant provision of the Rome Statute and, as a consequence, "the trial process has been ruptured to such a degree that it is now impossible to piece together the constituent elements of a fair trial". On 2 July 2008, the court ordered Lubanga's release, on the grounds that "a fair trial of the accused is impossible, and the entire justification for his detention has been removed", but an Appeal Chamber agreed to keep him in custody while the Prosecutor appealed. By 18 November 2008, the Prosecutor had agreed to make all the confidential information available to the court, so the Trial Chamber reversed its decision and ordered that the trial could go ahead. The Prosecutor was widely criticised for his actions, but the court was also praised for its "determination to ensure fairness to the defence".
249:
85:
313:
that there were no factors in favor of his early release. They found no evidence that he had genuinely dissociated from his crimes and also determined that
Lubanga had not taken any significant action for the benefit of victims of his crimes. In the second review decision, judges ruled that there had been no changes in Lubanga’s cooperation with the court or in his actions to benefit victims. In December 2015, Lubanga was transferred to the DRC to serve the rest of his sentence from his home country’s
229:
Between 18 February and 3 March 2003, the UPC are reported to have destroyed 26 villages in one area, killing at least 350 people and forcing 60,000 to flee their homes. Human rights organisations claim that at one point
Lubanga had 3,000 young soldiers between the ages of 8 and 15. He reportedly ordered every family in the area under his control to help the war effort by donating something: money, a cow, or a child to join his militia.
146:
of "conscripting and enlisting minors under the age of fifteen years and using them to participate actively in hostilities," began on 26 January 2009, and he was found guilty on 14 March 2012, and faced a sentence of up to 30 years. On 10 July 2012, Trial
Chamber I of the International Criminal Court
347:
Human rights groups have expressed their concern about the narrow scope of the charges against
Lubanga, and urged the Prosecutor to add more crimes to the indictment. Several organisations wrote to the Prosecutor in 2006 arguing that "the failure to include additional charges in the case against Mr.
320:
In
November 2017, ICC judges Silvia Fernández de Gurmendi, Howard Morrison, and Piotr Hofmańsk declined to reduce Lubanga’s sentence, after determining that since the initial review of the sentence two years earlier, there had been no significant change in circumstances to warrant his early release.
228:
has accused the UPC, under
Lubanga's command, of "ethnic massacres, murder, torture, rape and mutilation, as well as the recruitment of child soldiers". Between November 2002 and June 2003, the UPC allegedly killed 800 civilians on the basis of their ethnicity in the gold mining region of Mongbwalu.
1309:
and (*) indicate that a person was convicted by the ICC and that the conviction remains valid; a name in (parentheses) indicates that charges were dropped or a conviction was overturned; †indicates a person deceased before or during trial; (x) after a name indicates that the case was closed by the
312:
During the first review in
October 2015, Lubanga pleaded with ICC judges to grant him early release, promising to promote reconciliation and offering "sincere apologies for all victims for the suffering they endured". In September 2015, judges decided not to reduce Lubanga’s sentence after finding
147:(ICC) sentenced Lubanga to a total period of 14 years of imprisonment, also ordering that the time from Lubanga's surrender to the ICC in 2006 until the sentencing day should be deducted from the 14-year term, which meant he would spend 6 fewer years in prison. He was released from prison in 2020.
348:
Lubanga could undercut the credibility of the ICC in the DRC. Moreover, the narrow scope of the current charges may result in severely limiting victims' participation in the first proceedings before the ICC. This could negatively impact on the right of victims to reparations."
992:"Decision on the consequences of non-disclosure of exculpatory materials covered by Article 54(3)(e) agreements and the application to stay the prosecution of the accused, together with certain other issues raised at the Status Conference on 10 June 2008"
199:(UPC). In early 2002, Lubanga was sidelined from the military control of the RCD-ML and he split from the group. In September 2002, he became President of the UPC and founded its military wing, the Patriotic Force for the Liberation of the Congo (FPLC).
295:
On 14 March 2012 Lubanga was found guilty of abducting boys and girls under the age of 15 and forcing them to fight in a war in the
Democratic Republic of Congo in 2002 and 2003. He faced a maximum sentence of 30 years when sentenced in July 2012.
275:
On 17 March 2006, Lubanga became the first person ever arrested under an ICC arrest warrant, when the
Congolese authorities arrested him and transferred him into ICC custody. He was flown to the Hague, where he was held in the
1361:
304:
On 10 July 2012, Lubanga was sentenced for 14 years by the ICC The sentencing was a landmark for the first permanent international criminal court, which recently celebrated its 10th anniversary. Presiding judge
351:
Lubanga's lawyer complained that the defence team was given a smaller budget than the
Prosecutor, that evidence and witness statements were slow to arrive, and that many documents were so heavily
1793:
218:, capital of the gold-rich Ituri region, in 2002, and demanded that the Congolese government recognise Ituri as an autonomous province. Lubanga was arrested on 13 June 2002 while on a mission to
973:
1803:
1783:
1778:
135:(1999–2007). Rebels under his command have been accused of massive human rights violations, including ethnic massacres, murder, torture, rape, mutilation, and forcibly conscripting
1112:
407:
236:
in March 2003. Lubanga later moved to Kinshasa and registered the UPC as a political party, but was arrested on 19 March 2005 in connection with the killing of nine Bangladeshi
1798:
272:
of "conscripting and enlisting children under the age of fifteen years and using them to participate actively in hostilities", and issued a sealed warrant for his arrest.
260:(ICC) to investigate and prosecute "crimes within the jurisdiction of the Court allegedly committed anywhere in the territory of the DRC since the entry into force of the
240:
in Ituri on 25 February 2005. He was initially detained in one of Kinshasa's most luxurious hotels but after a few months he was transferred to Kinshasa's central prison.
1297:
505:
1236:
808:
565:
136:
1704:
1469:
960:
309:
said the time Lubanga had spent in the court's detention centre in The Hague would be taken into account, meaning his sentence had only 8 more years to run.
930:
1660:
1418:
1205:
1584:
1523:
281:
264:, on 1 July 2002." On 10 February 2006, a Pre-Trial Chamber of the ICC found that there were reasonable grounds to believe that Lubanga bore individual
1626:
1808:
1288:
1144:
789:
261:
454:
941:
1019:
991:
1152:
277:
901:
868:
1046:
547:
156:
164:
1143:
Avocats Sans Frontières, Center for Justice and Reconciliation, Coalition Nationale pour la Cour Pénale Internationale – RCD,
1788:
428:
352:
1281:
1768:
754:
1156:
1196:
233:
120:
84:
1098:
1274:
142:
On 17 March 2006, Lubanga became the first person arrested under a warrant issued by the ICC. His trial, for the
489:
336:
The trial was halted on 13 June 2008 when the court ruled that the Prosecutor's refusal to disclose potentially
1737:
1266:
1216:
1062:
The Appeals Chamber gives suspensive effect to the appeal against the decision on the release of Thomas Lubanga
192:
1161:
280:
since 17 March 2006. Before embarking the plane, Lubanga wept openly. As of January 2009, he is one of four
248:
1448:
1181:
740:
692:
257:
124:
101:
1341:
774:
196:
128:
974:
Victor Tsilonis, Thomas Lubanga Dyilo: the Chronicle of a Case Foretold, 2008 (05) Intellectum, pp.27–42
1261:
1076:
1061:
1047:
Trial Chamber I ordered the release of Thomas Lubanga Dyilo – Implementation of the decision is pending
853:
838:
461:
1077:
Stay of proceedings in the Lubanga case is lifted – trial provisionally scheduled for 26 January 2009
1026:
998:
1648:
321:
The judges also stated that they saw no reason to schedule a further review of Lubanga’s sentence.
775:
In-Depth: Justice for a Lawless World? Rights and reconciliation in a new era of international law
1351:
905:
172:
1763:
1640:
1503:
265:
854:
The Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court opens its first investigation
1598:
1427:
1399:
1386:
341:
314:
289:
252:
The former seat of the International Criminal Court in The Hague, where Lubanga stood trial.
71:
1773:
1758:
1532:
1392:
1252:
1231:
955:
667:
624:
337:
1227:
629:
8:
1615:
1257:
647:
931:
Lubanga, ICC Convict No.1 and Longest-Serving Detainee, Completes His Sentence Next Week
1722:
1148:
484:
225:
67:
1323:
1248:
1127:
823:
707:
672:
424:
222:
but he was released ten weeks later in exchange for a kidnapped government minister.
1712:
1603:
1553:
1487:
1482:
887:
570:
416:
380:
188:
1717:
1592:
1370:
1329:
919:
839:
Prosecutor receives referral of the situation in the Democratic Republic of Congo
759:
612:
285:
1296:
725:
529:
1727:
1686:
1539:
1508:
1477:
1438:
1433:
1406:
1346:
306:
207:
191:, Lubanga was a military commander and "minister of defence" in the pro-Uganda
160:
132:
20:
420:
1752:
1732:
1679:
1673:
1634:
1609:
1513:
1093:
1693:
1573:
1560:
1546:
1443:
1335:
918:
Reuters, Congo warlord jailed for 14 years in landmark case (10 July 2012)"
506:
United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
324:
On 15 March 2020, Lubanga was released after serving the 14-year sentence.
1668:
1567:
1459:
1453:
284:, including two rebels who fought against Lubanga in the Ituri conflict:
203:
168:
1175:
1162:
Joint letter to the Chief Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court
942:
DRC: Former warlord Thomas Lubanga freed after serving 14-year sentence
608:
176:
583:
269:
143:
116:
113:
97:
524:
510:
Special report on the events in Ituri, January 2002 – December 2003
219:
873:
794:
24:
332:
Lubanga's trial, the ICC's first, led to several controversies:
1794:
Democratic Republic of the Congo people convicted of war crimes
693:
DRC: Chronology of key events: 2 August 1998 – 14 December 2002
1242:
1113:
Why the world's most powerful prosecutor should resign: Part 1
648:
FACTBOX —- Congo militia leader Thomas Lubanga faces ICC trial
237:
215:
211:
1298:
People publicly indicted in the International Criminal Court
415:(2 ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 211–290,
195:(RCD-ML). In July 2001, he founded another rebel group, the
1804:
People extradited from the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1145:
Fédération Internationale des Ligues des Droits de l'Homme
1784:
Democratic Republic of the Congo people imprisoned abroad
1159:, Women’s Initiatives for Gender Justice (30 July 2006).
1779:
Democratic Republic of the Congo prisoners and detainees
961:
Road cleared for start of ICC's long-delayed first trial
673:
DRC: Who's who in Ituri – militia organisations, leaders
1128:
DRC: ICC begins hearings in case against militia leader
256:
In March 2004, the Congolese government authorised the
1245: — daily coverage of the trial and legal analysis
1799:
People convicted by the International Criminal Court
1310:
ICC because of a national-level trial of the accused
413:
The Congo Trials in the International Criminal Court
1258:
Report on the opening day of Thomas Lubanga's trial
790:
Congo hands first suspect to Hague war crimes court
708:
DRC: Opinion split in Ituri over rebel's indictment
641:
639:
406:
1074:International Criminal Court (18 November 2008).
1020:"Decision on the release of Thomas Lubanga Dyilo"
888:"Profile: DR Congo militia leader Thomas Lubanga"
548:First arrest for the International Criminal Court
451:International Criminal Court (10 February 2006).
193:Congolese Rally for Democracy-Liberation Movement
123:(DRC) and the first person ever convicted by the
1750:
686:
684:
682:
566:International court begins case of Congo warlord
1224:— special edition focusing on the Lubanga trial
1139:
1137:
726:Profile: DR Congo militia leader Thomas Lubanga
636:
381:"ICC Finds Congo Warlord Thomas Lubanga Guilty"
836:International Criminal Court (19 April 2004).
545:International Criminal Court (17 March 2006).
1282:
1153:International Center for Transitional Justice
1044:International Criminal Court (16 June 2008).
988:International Criminal Court (13 June 2008).
851:International Criminal Court (23 June 2004).
679:
559:
557:
1134:
1116:. Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
1088:
1086:
1059:International Criminal Court (7 July 2008).
1016:International Criminal Court (2 July 2008).
490:D.R. Congo: ICC Arrest First Step to Justice
374:
372:
370:
368:
1208:International Criminal Court Newsletter #10
1177:Africa and the International Criminal Court
800:
1289:
1275:
1068:
719:
717:
602:
554:
1083:
447:
445:
443:
441:
439:
365:
206:UPC became one of the main actors in the
885:
869:Congo suspect to face war crimes charges
541:
539:
247:
202:Under Lubanga's leadership, the largely
179:. He is married and has seven children.
171:-Gegere ethnic group. He studied at the
155:Lubanga was born on 29 December 1960 in
150:
1809:Democratic Republic of the Congo rebels
1038:
984:
982:
912:
714:
663:
661:
659:
657:
501:
499:
404:
292:. His trial opened on 26 January 2009.
232:The UPC was forced out of Bunia by the
1751:
1198:The Prosecutor v. Thomas Lubanga Dyilo
951:
949:
860:
824:DRC: Another key Ituri leader arrested
781:
436:
1270:
1174:Stephanie Hanson (17 November 2006).
1119:
815:
766:
732:
729:. BBC News. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
699:
536:
520:
518:
480:
478:
476:
378:
979:
747:
654:
496:
214:ethnic groups. It seized control of
165:Republic of the Congo (LĂ©opoldville)
1168:
946:
763:, p. A21. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
617:
13:
1249:2003 interview with Thomas Lubanga
866:Alexandra Hudson (18 March 2006).
753:Nora Boustany (5 November 2006). "
723:Arnaud Zajtman (9 November 2006).
515:
473:
355:that they were impossible to read.
131:(UPC) and was a key player in the
14:
1820:
1190:
902:"(ICC jails Lubanga to 14 years)"
755:Tribunal to Debut With Congo Case
182:
1362:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1110:Joshua Rozenberg (3 July 2008).
530:DR Congo rebel faces Hague trial
327:
282:people being detained by the ICC
121:Democratic Republic of the Congo
100:; first person convicted by the
83:
1104:
1099:Sudanese justice begins at home
1053:
1010:
967:
935:
924:
894:
879:
845:
830:
787:Wendel Broere (17 March 2006).
741:DRC: Ituri: Views from Kinshasa
630:Lubanga charged with war crimes
563:Mike Corder (26 January 2009).
1201: — Case Information Sheet
576:
405:Gaskins, Richard, ed. (2022),
398:
127:(ICC). He founded and led the
1:
1184:. Retrieved 23 November 2006.
408:"The Trial of Thomas Lubanga"
359:
112:(born 29 December 1960) is a
31: and the post-surname is
1789:People of the Ituri conflict
1182:Council on Foreign Relations
588:International Criminal Court
573:. Retrieved 26 January 2009.
258:International Criminal Court
125:International Criminal Court
102:International Criminal Court
7:
1165:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
1131:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
1101:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
1080:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
1065:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
1035:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
964:. Retrieved 7 January 2008.
876:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
857:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
842:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
827:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
812:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
797:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
778:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
744:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
711:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
696:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
676:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
651:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
645:Reuters (29 January 2007).
632:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
551:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
533:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
493:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
470:. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
299:
238:United Nations peacekeepers
197:Union of Congolese Patriots
129:Union of Congolese Patriots
10:
1825:
1769:People from Ituri Province
1262:Radio France International
18:
1703:
1659:
1625:
1583:
1522:
1496:
1468:
1417:
1360:
1342:Patrice-Edouard NgaĂŻssona
1315:
1304:
1007:. Retrieved 17 June 2008.
921:" Retrieved 10 July 2012.
886:BBC News (10 July 2012).
614:" Retrieved 10 July 2012.
421:10.1017/9781009208772.008
93:
78:
49:
42:
1649:al-Hassan Ag Abdoul Aziz
1316:Central African Republic
1125:IRIN (9 November 2006).
1050:. Retrieved 2 July 2008.
512:, pp. 23–24. S/2004/573.
243:
1352:Mahamat Said Abdel Kani
340:had breached Lubanga's
266:criminal responsibility
173:University of Kisangani
1641:Ahmad al-Faqi al-Mahdi
821:IRIN (22 March 2005).
772:IRIN (20 April 2005).
253:
16:Congolese war criminal
1599:Saif al-Islam Gaddafi
1400:Mathieu Ngudjolo Chui
1387:Callixte Mbarushimana
1222:on 27 September 2007.
342:right to a fair trial
315:Makala Central Prison
290:Mathieu Ngudjolo Chui
251:
210:between the Hema and
151:Early life and family
1393:Sylvestre Mudacumura
1379:Thomas Lubanga Dyilo
1243:www.lubangatrial.org
1232:Hague Justice Portal
1228:Thomas Lubanga Dyilo
1097:(11 December 2008).
958:(18 November 2008).
956:Agence France-Presse
809:Thomas Lubanga Dyilo
806:Trial Watch (2008).
625:Hague Justice Portal
338:exculpatory evidence
278:ICC detention centre
175:and has a degree in
110:Thomas Lubanga Dyilo
44:Thomas Lubanga Dyilo
1616:Mahmoud al-Werfalli
1449:Abdel Rahim Hussein
1032:on 14 January 2009.
455:"Warrant of Arrest"
1723:Maria Lvova-Belova
1149:Human Rights Watch
627:(30 August 2006).
485:Human Rights Watch
254:
226:Human Rights Watch
72:Congo-LĂ©opoldville
68:Orientale Province
1746:
1745:
1504:Charles Blé Goudé
1324:Jean-Pierre Bemba
670:(20 April 2005).
527:(17 March 2006).
487:(16 March 2006).
430:978-1-009-20877-2
107:
106:
1816:
1713:Valery Gerasimov
1604:Abdullah Senussi
1554:Francis Muthaura
1488:Hamlet Guchmazov
1483:Mikhail Mindzaev
1291:
1284:
1277:
1268:
1267:
1223:
1221:
1215:. Archived from
1214:
1210:(November 2006)"
1185:
1172:
1166:
1141:
1132:
1123:
1117:
1108:
1102:
1090:
1081:
1072:
1066:
1057:
1051:
1042:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1025:. Archived from
1024:
1014:
1008:
1005:
1004:on 25 June 2008.
1003:
997:. Archived from
996:
986:
977:
971:
965:
953:
944:
939:
933:
928:
922:
916:
910:
909:
908:on 3 March 2016.
904:. Archived from
898:
892:
891:
883:
877:
864:
858:
849:
843:
834:
828:
819:
813:
804:
798:
785:
779:
770:
764:
751:
745:
736:
730:
721:
712:
703:
697:
688:
677:
665:
652:
643:
634:
621:
615:
606:
600:
599:
597:
595:
580:
574:
571:Associated Press
561:
552:
543:
534:
522:
513:
503:
494:
482:
471:
468:
466:
460:. Archived from
459:
449:
434:
433:
410:
402:
396:
395:
393:
391:
376:
189:Second Congo War
88:
87:
63:
60:29 December 1960
59:
57:
40:
39:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1814:
1813:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1718:Sergey Kobylash
1699:
1655:
1621:
1593:Muammar Gaddafi
1579:
1518:
1492:
1464:
1413:
1371:Germain Katanga
1356:
1330:Noureddine Adam
1311:
1300:
1295:
1219:
1212:
1204:
1193:
1188:
1173:
1169:
1142:
1135:
1124:
1120:
1109:
1105:
1091:
1084:
1073:
1069:
1058:
1054:
1043:
1039:
1029:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1001:
994:
990:
987:
980:
972:
968:
954:
947:
940:
936:
929:
925:
917:
913:
900:
899:
895:
884:
880:
865:
861:
850:
846:
835:
831:
820:
816:
805:
801:
786:
782:
771:
767:
760:Washington Post
752:
748:
737:
733:
722:
715:
704:
700:
689:
680:
666:
655:
644:
637:
622:
618:
611:(10 July 2012)"
607:
603:
593:
591:
582:
581:
577:
562:
555:
544:
537:
523:
516:
504:
497:
483:
474:
467:on 7 June 2007.
464:
457:
453:
450:
437:
431:
403:
399:
389:
387:
377:
366:
362:
330:
302:
286:Germain Katanga
246:
185:
167:. He is of the
153:
82:
74:
64:
61:
55:
53:
45:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1822:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1738:Viktor Sokolov
1735:
1730:
1728:Vladimir Putin
1725:
1720:
1715:
1709:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1697:
1691:
1687:Dominic Ongwen
1683:
1677:
1671:
1665:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1645:
1637:
1631:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1613:
1607:
1601:
1596:
1589:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1577:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1540:Uhuru Kenyatta
1536:
1528:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1509:Laurent Gbagbo
1506:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1478:David Sanakoev
1474:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1462:
1457:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1439:Omar al-Bashir
1436:
1434:Abdallah Banda
1431:
1428:Bahr Abu Garda
1423:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1411:
1407:Bosco Ntaganda
1403:
1396:
1390:
1383:
1375:
1366:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1347:Alfred Yekatom
1344:
1339:
1332:
1327:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1312:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1294:
1293:
1286:
1279:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1255:
1246:
1240:
1237:Thomas Lubanga
1234:
1225:
1202:
1192:
1191:External links
1189:
1187:
1186:
1167:
1133:
1118:
1103:
1082:
1067:
1052:
1037:
1009:
978:
966:
945:
934:
923:
911:
893:
878:
859:
844:
829:
814:
799:
780:
765:
746:
731:
713:
698:
678:
653:
635:
616:
601:
584:"Lubanga Case"
575:
553:
535:
514:
495:
472:
435:
429:
397:
363:
361:
358:
357:
356:
349:
345:
329:
326:
307:Adrian Fulford
301:
298:
245:
242:
208:Ituri conflict
184:
183:Ituri conflict
181:
161:Ituri Province
152:
149:
137:child soldiers
133:Ituri conflict
105:
104:
95:
94:Known for
91:
90:
80:
76:
75:
65:
51:
47:
46:
43:
21:Congolese name
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1821:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1764:Living people
1762:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1733:Sergei Shoigu
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1681:
1680:Okot Odhiambo
1678:
1675:
1674:Raska Lukwiya
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1636:
1635:Iyad Ag Ghaly
1633:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1610:Tohami Khaled
1608:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
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1575:
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1537:
1534:
1530:
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1527:
1525:
1521:
1515:
1514:Simone Gbagbo
1512:
1510:
1507:
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1502:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1489:
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1471:
1467:
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1445:
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1437:
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1432:
1429:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1419:Darfur, Sudan
1416:
1409:
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1404:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1384:
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1376:
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1273:
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1269:
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1259:
1256:
1254:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1239:— Trial Watch
1238:
1235:
1233:
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1199:
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1129:
1122:
1115:
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1107:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1094:The Economist
1089:
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1071:
1064:
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1056:
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927:
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889:
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863:
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848:
841:
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833:
826:
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811:
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803:
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791:
784:
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762:
761:
756:
750:
743:
742:
735:
728:
727:
720:
718:
710:
709:
702:
695:
694:
690:IRIN (2002).
687:
685:
683:
675:
674:
669:
664:
662:
660:
658:
650:
649:
642:
640:
633:
631:
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613:
610:
605:
589:
585:
579:
572:
568:
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560:
558:
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549:
542:
540:
532:
531:
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521:
519:
511:
507:
502:
500:
492:
491:
486:
481:
479:
477:
469:
463:
456:
448:
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432:
426:
422:
418:
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409:
401:
386:
382:
375:
373:
371:
369:
364:
354:
350:
346:
343:
339:
335:
334:
333:
328:Controversies
325:
322:
318:
316:
310:
308:
297:
293:
291:
287:
283:
279:
273:
271:
267:
263:
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126:
122:
118:
115:
111:
103:
99:
96:
92:
86:
81:
77:
73:
69:
62:(age 63)
52:
48:
41:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
1694:Vincent Otti
1685:
1647:
1639:
1574:Paul Gicheru
1561:William Ruto
1547:Henry Kosgey
1533:Mohammed Ali
1444:Ahmed Haroun
1405:
1378:
1377:
1369:
1336:Maxime Mokom
1306:
1217:the original
1207:
1197:
1176:
1170:
1160:
1126:
1121:
1111:
1106:
1092:
1075:
1070:
1060:
1055:
1045:
1040:
1027:the original
1017:
1012:
999:the original
989:
969:
959:
937:
926:
914:
906:the original
896:
881:
867:
862:
852:
847:
837:
832:
822:
817:
807:
802:
788:
783:
773:
768:
758:
749:
739:
734:
724:
706:
701:
691:
671:
646:
628:
619:
604:
592:. Retrieved
587:
578:
564:
546:
528:
509:
488:
462:the original
452:
412:
400:
388:. Retrieved
384:
331:
323:
319:
311:
303:
294:
274:
262:Rome Statute
255:
234:Ugandan army
231:
224:
201:
186:
154:
141:
117:war criminal
109:
108:
37:
32:
28:
1774:Hema people
1759:1960 births
1669:Joseph Kony
1568:Joshua Sang
1497:Ivory Coast
1460:Ali Kushayb
1454:Saleh Jerbo
890:. BBC News.
379:BBC Staff.
187:During the
79:Nationality
1753:Categories
609:All Africa
594:24 January
360:References
177:psychology
98:War crimes
56:1960-12-29
1690: (*)
1652: (*)
1644: (*)
1410: (*)
1382: (*)
1374: (*)
270:war crime
144:war crime
119:from the
114:convicted
89:Congolese
525:BBC News
508:(2004).
390:14 March
385:BBC News
353:censored
300:Sentence
268:for the
220:Kinshasa
19:In this
1705:Ukraine
1470:Georgia
1307:Italics
1157:Redress
874:Reuters
795:Reuters
163:of the
159:in the
66:Djiba,
29:Lubanga
25:surname
1661:Uganda
1230:— the
738:IRIN.
705:IRIN.
569:. The
427:
23:, the
1585:Libya
1524:Kenya
1220:(PDF)
1213:(PDF)
1030:(PDF)
1023:(PDF)
1002:(PDF)
995:(PDF)
590:. ICC
465:(PDF)
458:(PDF)
244:Trial
216:Bunia
212:Lendu
157:Djiba
33:Dyilo
1627:Mali
1253:IRIN
668:IRIN
623:The
596:2019
425:ISBN
392:2012
288:and
204:Hema
169:Hema
50:Born
1606:(x)
757:".
417:doi
27:is
1755::
1260:–
1251:—
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793:.
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