205:
213:
30:
22:
167:, and Lewis pioneered its use in clinical settings. Accordingly, Lewis is considered the "father of clinical cardiac electrophysiology". The first use of electrocardiography in clinical medicine was in 1908. In that year, Thomas Lewis and
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244:. He devised remedial exercises that allowed many soldiers suffering from the condition to return to duty and was appointed honorary consulting physician to the
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80:, the son of Henry Lewis, a mining engineer, and his wife Catherine Hannah (née Davies). He was educated at home by his mother, apart from a year at
649:
423:
325:
at the age of 45 and gave up his 70-cigarette-a-day habit, being one of the first to realise that smoking damaged the blood vessels. He died from
283:
in 1927 "for his researches on the vascular system, following upon his earlier work on the mammalian heart-beat." Next, he switched his focus to
236:). He directed a study of the condition known as "soldier's heart" and, having established it was not a cardiological problem, renamed it the "
898:
84:, which he left due to ill-health, and the final two years by a tutor. Already planning to become a doctor, at the age of sixteen he began a
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in 1941 "for his clinical and experimental investigations upon the mammalian heart." He was only the second clinician to receive it, after
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216:
Electrocardiograph, used by Sir Thomas Lewis at
University College Hospital, London, by the Cambridge Instrument Co. 1930.
809:
271:
had independent contractions and he now investigated the response of the skin to injury, leading to the 1927 monograph
232:
and was appointed to the first full-time clinical research post in
Britain, at the Medical Research Committee (later
204:
824:"Clifton College Register" Muirhead, J.A.O. p180: Bristol; J.W Arrowsmith for Old Cliftonian Society; April, 1948
125:
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267:. In 1925 he switched his focus from cardiography to vascular reactions of the skin. In 1917 he had shown that
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833:”A note on the simultaneous occurrence of sinus and ventricular rhythm in man”, Lewis T, Macnalty AS,
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After the war, Lewis established the clinical research department at UCH and continued his work on
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724:"Sensing Muscle Ischemia: Coincident Detection of Acid and ATP via Interplay of Two Ion Channels"
303:, alternating vasodilation and vasoconstriction of peripheral capillaries in cold environments.
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Lewis personally disliked the term "cardiologist" and preferred to describe himself as a
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164:
109:
85:
967:
677:
Hollman, A. (1994). "Sir Thomas Lewis: Clinical scientist and cardiologist, 1881-1945".
140:
at UCH and in 1913 was promoted to assistant physician in clinical work. He was elected
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29:
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in 1902. He served as vice-president of the Royal
Society from 1943 to 1945.
276:
92:, graduating three years later with first class honours. In 1902 he entered
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Lewis married Alice Lorna
Treharne James in 1916. They had three children.
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776:"The National Library of Wales :: Dictionary of Welsh Biography"
229:
137:
291:, and finally to the mechanism of pain, summarising his findings in
802:
Sir Thomas Lewis : pioneer cardiologist and clinical scientist
508:
Pearce, J. M. S. (2006). "Sir Thomas Lewis MD, FRS. (1881–1945)".
201:(FRS) in 1918. He was promoted to full physician at UCH in 1919.
163:
concerning the latter's invention of the string galvanometer and
73:
197:, the first treaty on electrocardiography. Lewis was elected a
120:
Lewis remained at UCH for the rest of his life, beginning as a
97:
421:
Drury, A. N.; Grant, R. T. (1945). "Thomas Lewis. 1881-1945".
151:
research, carrying out fundamental research on the heart, the
654:
Sir Thomas Lewis: Pioneer
Cardiologist and Clinical Scientist
152:
77:
104:
with the gold medal in 1905. The same year he was awarded a
101:
136:(MD) degree. In 1911 he was appointed lecturer in cardiac
481:
Cygankiewicz, I. (2007). "Sir Thomas Lewis (1881-1945)".
299:
became a standard medical text. In 1930 he described the
159:. From 1906, he corresponded with the Dutch physiologist
273:
The Blood
Vessels of the Human Skin and their Responses
557:
Journal of
Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
248:in April 1919, and for this work he was appointed
913:
185:Heart: A Journal for the Study of the Circulation
1334:
424:Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society
648:
52:(26 December 1881 – 17 March 1945) was a Welsh
1393:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
899:
602:"Thomas Lewis, a father of modern cardiology"
856:(Supplement). 27 January 1920. p. 1237.
480:
250:Commander of the Order of the British Empire
60:" and is also known for the Lewis P Factor.
756:(British Medical Journal): 1. 31 March 1945
242:The Soldier's Heart and the Effort Syndrome
208:The soldier's heart and the effort syndrome
175:) employed electrocardiography to diagnose
173:Chief Medical Officer of the United Kingdom
147:While still a house physician, Lewis began
63:
1408:Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians
906:
892:
656:. Santa Clara, CA: Springer-Verlag TELOS.
420:
722:Birdsong, William T. (18 November 2010).
625:
576:
142:Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians
876:(Supplement). 4 June 1921. p. 4531.
866:
846:
721:
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193:in 1933. In 1913, he published the book
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20:
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676:
599:
469:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1335:
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462:
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456:
454:
416:
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310:. He was awarded the Royal Society's
734:(4): 739–749 – via Cell Press.
550:
13:
1378:20th-century Welsh medical doctors
1363:People educated at Clifton College
451:
411:
240:". In 1918 he wrote the monograph
124:. From 1907 he also worked at the
14:
1429:
100:to train as a doctor, graduating
1373:Alumni of the UCL Medical School
860:
840:
827:
818:
793:
768:
738:
715:
351:The Mechanism of the Heart Beat
344:
333:, on 17 March 1945, at age 63.
126:Royal Naval Hospital, Greenwich
1413:Recipients of the Copley Medal
670:
642:
593:
544:
501:
474:
387:
370:List of Welsh medical pioneers
252:(CBE) in January 1920 and was
132:and the same year he took his
16:Welsh cardiologist (1881-1945)
1:
1112:Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer
780:The National Library of Wales
375:
357:Clinical Electro-Cardiography
1403:Fellows of the Royal Society
1368:Alumni of Cardiff University
1358:Medical doctors from Cardiff
680:Journal of Medical Biography
553:"Sir Thomas Lewis 1881-1945"
404:
195:Clinical Electrocardiography
183:, Lewis founded the journal
7:
1200:Charles Thomson Rees Wilson
363:
285:peripheral vascular disease
199:Fellow of the Royal Society
94:University College Hospital
90:University College, Cardiff
10:
1434:
837:1908 Dec 15;37(5–6):445-58
693:10.1177/096777209400200201
1136:Charles Scott Sherrington
1128:Frederick Gowland Hopkins
922:
522:10.1007/s00415-006-0166-3
336:
115:
1144:Charles Algernon Parsons
800:Hollman, Arthur (1997).
569:10.1136/jnnp.2004.055269
380:
331:Loudwater, Hertfordshire
308:Medical Research Society
306:In 1930, he founded the
234:Medical Research Council
64:Early life and education
1353:People from Taff's Well
750:British Medical Journal
600:Krikler, D. M. (1997).
295:in 1942. His 1932 book
226:Military Heart Hospital
130:City of London Hospital
112:for his research work.
1272:Geoffrey Ingram Taylor
1056:Pierre Paul Émile Roux
437:10.1098/rsbm.1945.0012
395:cardiovascular disease
327:coronary heart disease
224:, Lewis worked at the
217:
209:
108:(DSc) degree from the
56:. He coined the term "
34:
26:
1388:British physiologists
1383:British cardiologists
1080:Horace Tabberer Brown
984:Alfred Russel Wallace
323:myocardial infarction
297:Diseases of the Heart
275:. He was awarded the
258:1921 Birthday Honours
215:
207:
32:
24:
1288:Edgar Douglas Adrian
928:Josiah Willard Gibbs
804:. London: Springer.
618:10.1136/hrt.77.2.102
551:Haas, L. F. (2005).
510:Journal of Neurology
246:Ministry of Pensions
1418:Royal Medal winners
1160:William Henry Bragg
992:George William Hill
976:Albert A. Michelson
187:, which he renamed
165:electrocardiography
110:University of Wales
86:Bachelor of Science
1232:Thomas Hunt Morgan
1216:Henry Hallett Dale
1192:John Scott Haldane
1176:George Ellery Hale
873:The London Gazette
853:The London Gazette
483:Cardiology Journal
265:cardiac arrhythmia
218:
210:
134:Doctor of Medicine
68:Lewis was born in
35:
27:
1330:
1329:
1096:Ernest Rutherford
915:Copley Medallists
663:978-3-540-76049-8
321:Lewis suffered a
289:Raynaud's disease
106:Doctor of Science
1425:
1398:Knights Bachelor
1323:
1315:
1312:George de Hevesy
1307:
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516:(9): 1246–1247.
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418:
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301:Hunting reaction
190:Clinical Science
179:. In 1909, with
161:Willem Einthoven
144:(FRCP) in 1913.
88:(BSc) course at
58:clinical science
38:Sir Thomas Lewis
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1264:Joseph Barcroft
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1168:Arthur Schuster
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1120:Albert Einstein
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1072:William Bayliss
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1064:Hendrik Lorentz
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952:William Crookes
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650:Hollman, Arthur
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329:at his home at
238:effort syndrome
222:First World War
181:James MacKenzie
169:Arthur MacNalty
122:house physician
118:
82:Clifton College
66:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1184:Theobald Smith
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1000:Francis Galton
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811:978-3540760498
810:
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612:(2): 102–103.
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489:(6): 605–606.
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157:blood pressure
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1240:Paul Langevin
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1088:Joseph Larmor
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1077:
1073:
1069:
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1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1032:J. J. Thomson
1029:
1025:
1024:Ray Lankester
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1008:George Darwin
1005:
1001:
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989:
985:
981:
977:
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957:
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936:Joseph Lister
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287:, especially
286:
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277:Royal Society
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149:physiological
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61:
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55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
31:
23:
19:
1280:Oswald Avery
1248:Thomas Lewis
1247:
1208:Arthur Evans
944:Eduard Suess
871:
862:
851:
842:
834:
829:
820:
801:
795:
783:. Retrieved
779:
770:
758:. Retrieved
753:
749:
740:
731:
727:
717:
687:(2): 63–70.
684:
678:
672:
653:
644:
609:
605:
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560:
556:
546:
513:
509:
503:
486:
482:
476:
467:
428:
422:
389:
356:
350:
345:Publications
340:
320:
312:Copley Medal
305:
296:
292:
272:
262:
241:
219:
194:
188:
184:
146:
119:
67:
54:cardiologist
37:
36:
33:Thomas Lewis
25:Thomas Lewis
18:
1348:1945 deaths
1343:1881 births
1296:G. H. Hardy
1104:Horace Lamb
1048:James Dewar
1040:Ivan Pavlov
1016:Felix Klein
917:(1901–1950)
868:"No. 32346"
848:"No. 31760"
835:J. Physiol.
563:(8): 1157.
466:Biography,
431:(14): 179.
397:specialist.
316:Lord Lister
281:Royal Medal
269:capillaries
220:During the
177:heart block
171:(later the
1337:Categories
1224:Niels Bohr
1152:Max Planck
746:"Obituary"
376:References
70:Taffs Well
405:Citations
230:Hampstead
138:pathology
96:(UCH) in
709:22520472
701:11639239
652:(1997).
587:16024897
538:33093678
530:16990996
495:18651531
445:72220548
364:See also
254:knighted
128:and the
785:17 June
760:17 June
636:9068389
578:1739765
256:in the
74:Cardiff
1322:(1950)
1314:(1949)
1306:(1948)
1298:(1947)
1290:(1946)
1282:(1945)
1274:(1944)
1266:(1943)
1258:(1942)
1250:(1941)
1242:(1940)
1234:(1939)
1226:(1938)
1218:(1937)
1210:(1936)
1202:(1935)
1194:(1934)
1186:(1933)
1178:(1932)
1170:(1931)
1162:(1930)
1154:(1929)
1146:(1928)
1138:(1927)
1130:(1926)
1122:(1925)
1114:(1924)
1106:(1923)
1098:(1922)
1090:(1921)
1082:(1920)
1074:(1919)
1066:(1918)
1058:(1917)
1050:(1916)
1042:(1915)
1034:(1914)
1026:(1913)
1018:(1912)
1010:(1911)
1002:(1910)
994:(1909)
986:(1908)
978:(1907)
970:(1906)
962:(1905)
954:(1904)
946:(1903)
938:(1902)
930:(1901)
808:
728:Neuron
707:
699:
660:
634:
627:484655
624:
585:
575:
536:
528:
493:
443:
359:(1913)
353:(1911)
337:Family
116:Career
98:London
705:S2CID
606:Heart
534:S2CID
441:S2CID
381:Notes
153:pulse
78:Wales
806:ISBN
787:2015
762:2015
697:PMID
658:ISBN
632:PMID
583:PMID
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