1227:
494:, even though sunlight never shined there. This caused him to believe that escape by tunneling down was possible. After discovering an air chamber underneath them, which he had deduced, Hines began the tunneling effort. The tunnel was only eighteen inches wide, just large enough for him to enter the four-foot by four-foot air chamber surrounded by heavy masonry. As Hines and the six others who accompanied Hines and John Hunt Morgan worked on the tunnel, a thin crust of dirt was used to hide the tunnel from the prison officials. They tunneled for six weeks, with the tunnel's exit coming between the inner and the 25-foot (7.6 m) outer prison walls, near a
109:
615:, who was a native of Canada. On his last day in Chicago, Hines had to avoid discovery by U.S. soldiers inspecting the home he was hiding in by crawling into a mattress upon which the homeowner's wife lay ill with delirium. The soldiers inspected the house he was in and even checked to see if Hines was lying on the bed, but they did not discover Hines in the mattress. The soldiers established a guard by the door of the house. Visitors were encouraged to visit the sick woman as it rained the next day. The soldiers never looked at the faces under the umbrellas, so Hines sneaked out of the house and left Chicago.
89:
1321:
134:
38:
744:
159:
150:
285:. While his education was largely informal, he spent some time in common schools. He was 5 feet 9 inches (1.75 m) tall, and weighed a mere 140 pounds (64 kg). With his slender build, Hines was described as rather benign in appearance, and a friend observed that he had a voice resembling a "refined woman". He was said to love women, music, and horses fondly.
527:. In Tennessee, Hines diverted the Union troops' attention away from Morgan and was himself recaptured and sentenced to death by hanging. He escaped that night by telling stories to the soldier in charge of him and subdued him when given the chance. A few days later, he again escaped U.S. soldiers who intended to hang him.
499:
Morgan, and five captains under Morgan's command used the tunnel to escape. Aided by the fact that the prison sentries sought shelter from the raging storm occurring at the time, the
Confederate officers climbed the 25-foot-tall (7.6 m) wall effortlessly, using metal hooks to effect their escape.
498:
pile. On the day of escape, November 26, 1863, Morgan switched cells with his brother, Richard Morgan. The day was chosen as a new Union military commander was coming to
Columbus, and Morgan knew the prison cells would be inspected then. Together, after the daily midnight inspection, Hines, John Hunt
455:
were captured to transport Morgan's 2000+ men force across the Ohio River. Hines' reports encouraged Morgan to be rough with anyone posing as a
Confederate sympathizer in Indiana, as Morgan had been relying on support from sympathizers in Indiana to be successful in his raid. Hines stayed with Morgan
800:
Historical markers concerning Hines' deeds have occasionally included mistaken information. The historical marker placed by the
Indiana Civil War Centennial Commission in 1963 in the vicinity of Derby, Perry County, Indiana, to memorialize Hines' entry into Indiana states that Hines invaded Indiana
623:
In
October 1864, Hines again went to Cincinnati after crossing covertly through Indiana, where U.S. troops sought him again. This time, with the help of friends whose home he hid in, Hines concealed himself in an old closet obscured by mortar and red bricks, where he avoided detection by the troops
439:
made a disparaging comment in his memoirs about how Hines appeared on the
Brandenburg riverfront, saying Hines was "apparently the most listless inoffensive youth that was ever imposed upon"; despite being Morgan's second-in-command, Duke was usually not told of all the espionage Hines was carrying
381:
350:
in the 9th
Kentucky Cavalry in May 1862. Morgan commissioned Hines as a captain on June 10, 1862. Afterward, Hines spent most of his time conducting espionage in Kentucky. Dressed in civilian clothes, he usually operated alone to avoid drawing attention to himself, not wanting to be executed as a
600:
in
Chicago that year. The Copperheads had told Hines to wait until that time, as they said that 50,000 Copperheads would be there for the event. However, encountering Copperhead hesitation to assist Hines and his force, and with U.S. authorities knowledgeable of the plot, Hines and his men were
683:
declared a pardon for most former
Confederates, Hines returned to Detroit to sign a loyalty oath to the United States on July 20, 1865. However, knowing that U.S. officials in Kentucky would consider him an exception to the pardon, he remained in Canada until May 1866.
507:
By order of my six honorable confederates." Those left behind were strip searched and moved to different cells in the Ohio State
Penitentiary. Two of the officers who escaped with Hines and Morgan, Ralph Sheldon and Samuel Taylor, were captured four days later in
774:, Hines did not name anybody on the Northern side who assisted in the conspiracy. After writing the first article, Hines was attacked for not being more forthcoming regarding all the participants from both newspapers' reviewers (particularly from the
502:
Hines left a note for "Warden N. Merion, the Faithful, the Vigilant" that read, "Castle Merion, Cell No. 20. November 27, 1863. Commencement, November 4, 1863. Conclusion, November 20, 1863. Hours for labor per day, three. Tools, two small knives.
241:
Hines made narrow, unlikely escapes on several occasions during the war. At one point, he concealed himself in a mattress that was being used at the time; on another occasion, he was confused for the actor and assassin
601:
forced to flee Chicago on August 30, 1864. Many men thought Anderson may have been a double agent, forcing him to leave the group. A second attempt to free the Camp Douglas Confederate prisoners occurred during the
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magazines, gaining a larger Northern readership than similar journals. The first of the articles was printed in the December 1886 issue. However, after consulting with Jefferson Davis at Davis' home in
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558:
his plan. Both men agreed to the project and encouraged Hines to proceed, with the only hesitation by Davis, Benjamin, and Sheldon being the effect on public opinion on such a plan, including what
1497:
805:
in Bowling Green's Fairview Cemetery says that Hines died before he could go to the dedication ceremony in 1876 when, in reality, he died in 1898 and is buried a few hundred feet away.
671:, where several other former Confederates lived. He did not expect to return to the United States, so he sent for his wife, Nancy. In Toronto, he studied law with General
321:
702:
608:
In the same year, he tried to free Confederate prisoners of war by recruiting former members of Morgan's Raiders who had escaped to Canada, including John Hunt Morgan's
396:
would support the invasion that John Hunt Morgan planned for July 1863. Traveling through Kentucky for eight days to obtain supplies for their mission, they crossed the
355:
725:
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740:
after Hines had turned and walked away from Elliott. Hines inspected the body as Buford surrendered to a deputy sheriff who had come to investigate the turmoil.
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to Canada. On arrival, Hines apologized to the captain and gave him five dollars. Hines' exploit led to the mistaken rumor that Booth had escaped into Canada.
362:. In both places, U.S. authorities attempted to capture Hines, but he always escaped, even after his father had been captured and his mother was sick in bed.
254:
agents viewed Hines as the man they most needed to apprehend, but apart from the time he served at the Ohio Penitentiary in late 1863, he was never captured.
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573:
was involved in the plot, along with other Confederate soldiers. It was hoped that Hines and his men would be able to free the Confederate prisoners held at
295:
for teaching the orphans of Kentucky Masons in La Grange in 1859. He was the principal of its grammar school, but with the advent of the war, he joined the
519:. The duo jumped off the train before it entered the Cincinnati train station. They continued to evade capture in Cincinnati, staying for one night at the
425:
354:
Hines made special trips to see loved ones on his forays in Kentucky. Often, it was to visit Nancy Sproule, his childhood sweetheart and future bride, in
451:
1517:
732:. Buford, enraged by Elliott's failure to rule in favor of his late sister in a property dispute, shot Elliott with a double-barreled twelve-gauge
515:
Hines led John Hunt Morgan back to Confederate lines. First, they arrived at the train station in downtown Columbus, where they bought tickets to
540:
512:. Still, the other three (Captain Jacob Bennett, Captain L. D. Hockersmith, and Captain Augustus Magee) escaped to Canada and the Confederacy.
1264:
647:, who was then the subject of a massive search. After finding himself in a fight, Hines jumped several fences and made his way to Detroit's
1527:
1522:
238:. He was later involved in espionage and tried to stir up insurrections against the United States government in selected Northern locales.
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632:, they were married, despite her father's wishes to wait until the war was over due to Hines' wartime activities. They spent a week's
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602:
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Hines joined the Confederate army, as did at least eleven cousins. Hines initially led "Buckner's Guides", which were attached to
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520:
1236:
20:
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802:
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in the larger U.S. cities. Impressed by Hines' plan, Davis agreed to back him. Davis urged Hines to tell Secretary of State
720:. He was said to be "exceptionally free from all judicial bias." Hines was a witness to the assassination of fellow judge
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597:
328:
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1373:
1257:
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1125:
257:
After the war, once it was safe for him to return to his native Kentucky, he settled down with much of his family in
788:
in Bowling Green, Kentucky, in the Hines series of plots. Also among the Hines family plots is the grave site of
565:
Hines thought entering the Union from Canada would be easier and traveled there during the winter. Hines led the
234:
through the states of Indiana and Ohio, and after being captured with Morgan, organized their escape from the
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781:
and Southern readers, which discouraged Hines from publishing any more accounts of the Northwest Conspiracy.
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640:
222:. During the first year of the war, he was a field officer, initiating several raids. He was an assistant to
203:
94:
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701:, in 1867, where many of his family lived and practiced law. Basil W. Duke appointed Hines a colonel in the
316:'s command, as his fellow guides recognized his "coolness and leadership". In November 1861, he was given a
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1487:
1399:
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570:
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with 25 Confederates posing as a U.S. unit in pursuit of deserters. Their goal was to see if the local
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755:. In 1886, Hines began writing four articles discussing the Northwest Conspiracy for Basil W. Duke's
713:
691:, passing the bar exam on June 12, 1866, with high honors. During his stay in Memphis, he edited the
269:, until he died in 1898, keeping many of the secrets of Confederate espionage from public knowledge.
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out, causing some to believe that Hines and Duke did not like each other, which was not the case.
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628:. He decided to "spirit" her from it. On November 10, 1864, at St. Mary's Catholic Church in
432:
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After sending his wife to Kentucky, where their first child was born, Hines began living in
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fled Bowling Green; Hines did not want to fight anywhere except in Kentucky. He traveled to
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who inspected the house. Hines learned there that his beloved Nancy Sproule was in an Ohio
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546:
of a plan to instill mass panic in the northern states by freeing prisoners and systematic
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Hines discovered a way to escape from the Ohio Penitentiary. He had been reading the novel
421:
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8:
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Reports of Selected Civil and Criminal Cases Decided in the Court of Appeals of Kentucky
133:
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to empty its passengers and then forced the captain at gunpoint to take him across the
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He became an adjunct professor at the Masonic University, a school established by the
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After his time on the Kentucky Court of Appeals, Hines returned to practicing law in
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until the end of the raid and was with John Hunt Morgan during their imprisonment as
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243:
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cavalryman who was known for his spying activities during the last two years of the
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on March 26, 1879, while the two were leaving the Kentucky State House, by Colonel
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281:, on October 8, 1838, to Judge Warren W. and Sarah Carson Hines and was raised in
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in Kentucky, after which Hines returned to his clandestine activities in Canada.
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490:. Hines noticed how dry the lower prison cells felt and how they were lacking in
457:
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184:
643:, on April 16, 1865, Hines was in Detroit, Michigan, when he was mistaken for
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428:. Hines abandoned his men, swimming across the Ohio River under gunfire.
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317:
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in 1878 and served there until 1886. From 1884 to 1886, he served as
652:
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609:
431:
After wandering around Kentucky for a week, Hines rejoined Morgan at
416:. On his way back to Kentucky, Hines and his men were discovered in
380:
358:, near Bowling Green. On other occasions, he visited his parents in
320:'s commission. On December 31, 1861, he led a successful mission to
265:, eventually becoming its chief justice. Later, he practiced law in
737:
582:
404:, on June 18, 1863. Hines visited the local Copperhead leader, Dr.
158:
149:
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in 1862, although he did so in 1863. In addition, a marker by the
733:
668:
625:
593:
589:
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247:
246:, a dangerous case of mistaken identity that forced him to flee
37:
1498:
American Civil War prisoners of war held by the United States
648:
547:
487:
214:, he initially worked as a grammar instructor, mainly at the
1186:
The Dahlgren Affair: Terror and Conspiracy in the Civil War
850:
Horan, p.8, Johnson, p. 1444, Kerr, p. 625, Schultz, p. 33.
495:
464:, and later at the Ohio Penitentiary just outside downtown
261:. He started practicing law, which led him to serve on the
1175:. The Register of the Kentucky State Historical Society,
1154:
Basil Wilson Duke, CSA: the right man in the right place
412:, and learned that there would be no formal support for
486:
and Valjean's escapes through the passages underneath
250:
in April 1865 by holding a ferry captain at gunpoint.
939:
937:
327:
The Guides were disbanded in January 1862 after the
952:
Kleber, p. 34, Matthews, p. 252, Horan, pp. 192-93.
19:For the professor of history and architecture, see
1202:
784:Hines died in 1898 in Frankfort and was buried in
1183:
1170:
1151:
1089:
934:
539:, after his escape in January 1864. He convinced
202:(October 8, 1838 – January 23, 1898) was a
1464:
1048:Confederate Monument marker at Fairview Cemetery
1115:
1070:
505:La patience est amere, mais son fruit est doux.
1508:Escapees from United States military detention
1106:
1061:
596:, on August 25, 1864. They arrived during the
1272:
1258:
1037:. Indiana Historical Bureau. 7 December 2020.
1024:Johnson, p. 1445, Bush, p. xvi, Kerr, p. 625.
837:
835:
339:as a result. In April, Hines decided to join
1533:People of Kentucky in the American Civil War
1156:. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
1120:. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
603:United States Presidential Election of 1864
1265:
1251:
832:
705:. Hines later became the County Judge for
562:and France would think of Hines' actions.
36:
1134:
1074:Confederate Agent: A Discovery in History
569:from Canada in the fall of 1864. Colonel
1239:- Historical Article about Thomas Hines.
742:
443:It was due to Hines that the riverboats
379:
307:
1518:Judges of the Kentucky Court of Appeals
904:Johnson, p. 1445, Matthews, pp. 156-58.
530:
1465:
765:but was less adversarial than similar
400:to enter Indiana, near the village of
346:, and he re-enlisted in the army as a
21:Thomas Hines (architectural historian)
1246:
1137:The Lawyers and Lawmakers of Kentucky
1092:A History of Kentucky and Kentuckians
803:Confederate Monument of Bowling Green
667:After he fled Detroit, Hines went to
302:
1207:. The Baldwin Law Book Company, Inc.
1205:Famous Kentucky Tragedies and Trials
761:magazine. The magazine espoused the
598:Democratic Party National Convention
1528:People from Warren County, Kentucky
1523:People from Butler County, Kentucky
1035:"Hines Raid 1862 historical marker"
1006:Smith, p. 205, Horan, pp. 285, 288.
677:Vice President of the United States
420:, leading to a minor skirmish near
324:, to attack a Union outpost there.
13:
1111:. The American Historical Society.
886:Johnson, p. 360, Matthews, p. 133.
329:Confederate government of Kentucky
14:
1544:
1212:
922:Johnson, p. 1445, Schultz, p. 37.
795:
792:, a second cousin twice removed.
605:, but that plan was also foiled.
1513:Confederate States Army officers
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877:Horan, p. 28, Matthews, p. 255.
482:and was said to be inspired by
384:Map of Hines' Raid into Indiana
1374:Battle of Tebb's Bend Monument
1228:Works by or about Thomas Hines
1188:. W. W. Norton & Company.
1118:The Encyclopedia of Louisville
889:
880:
871:
862:
853:
844:
829:Kleber, p. 593, Levin, p. 101.
823:
814:
1:
1384:John H. Morgan Surrender Site
1055:
763:Lost Cause of the Confederacy
662:
272:
95:Confederate States of America
1483:19th-century American judges
1139:. Lewis Publishing Company.
613:George "Lightning" Ellsworth
390:led an invasion into Indiana
226:, doing a preparatory raid (
7:
1400:Battle of Buffington Island
1219:Works by Thomas Henry Hines
1203:Smith, Green Clay. (1916).
1177:Kentucky Historical Society
1066:. Geo. G. Fetter Print. Co.
618:
10:
1549:
1450:New Haven Battlefield Site
1184:Schultz, Duane P. (1999).
1171:Quisenberry, A.C. (1917).
1152:Matthews, Gary G. (2005).
1090:Johnson, E. Polk. (1912).
747:Gravestone of Thomas Hines
369:
18:
1392:
1364:Corydon Historic District
1341:John Hunt Morgan Memorial
1328:
1317:
1278:
714:Kentucky Court of Appeals
712:Hines was elected to the
703:Soldiers of the Red Cross
588:Hines led sixty men from
471:
263:Kentucky Court of Appeals
175:
167:
143:
128:
120:
100:
82:
66:
47:
35:
28:
1503:American Civil War spies
1420:Battle of Mount Sterling
1379:Midway Historic District
1116:Kleber, John E. (2000).
1071:Horan, James D. (1954).
808:
16:Confederate Army officer
1440:Morgan's Christmas Raid
1173:History of Morgan's Men
1107:Kerr, Charles. (1922).
1062:Bush, William. (1879).
707:Warren County, Kentucky
699:Bowling Green, Kentucky
641:Lincoln's assassination
365:
322:Borah's Ferry, Kentucky
297:Confederate States Army
290:Grand Lodge of Kentucky
283:Warren County, Kentucky
279:Butler County, Kentucky
212:Butler County, Kentucky
115:Confederate States Army
61:Butler County, Kentucky
988:Matthews, pp. 215, 222
748:
730:Henry County, Kentucky
679:. Once U.S. President
385:
314:Albert Sidney Johnston
1425:Battle of Salineville
746:
554:and Secretary of War
541:Confederate President
433:Brandenburg, Kentucky
383:
308:Early war experiences
121:Years of service
1430:Battle of Tebbs Bend
1077:. Crown Publishers.
673:John C. Breckinridge
567:Northwest Conspiracy
531:Northwest Conspiracy
510:Louisville, Kentucky
422:Leavenworth, Indiana
388:In June 1863, Hines
163:9th Kentucky Cavalry
154:2nd Kentucky Cavalry
1410:Battle of Cynthiana
1109:History of Kentucky
961:Horan, pp. 200-206.
931:Schultz, pp. 42-47.
913:Quisenberry, p. 41.
753:Frankfort, Kentucky
722:John Milton Elliott
630:Covington, Kentucky
525:Bardstown, Kentucky
360:Lexington, Kentucky
299:in September 1861.
267:Frankfort, Kentucky
220:La Grange, Kentucky
124:1861–65 (CSA)
77:Frankfort, Kentucky
1488:American arsonists
1237:The Hines Identity
1135:Levin, H. (1897).
979:Horan, pp. 262-72.
970:Horan, pp. 261-62.
943:Horan, pp. 192-93.
749:
689:Memphis, Tennessee
651:. He waited for a
537:Richmond, Virginia
535:Hines traveled to
426:Little Blue Island
386:
333:Richmond, Virginia
303:American Civil War
277:Hines was born in
216:Masonic University
208:American Civil War
200:Thomas Henry Hines
180:American Civil War
171:"Buckner's Guides"
1493:American escapees
1458:
1457:
1415:Battle of Lebanon
1405:Battle of Corydon
1369:Stream Cliff Farm
1351:Hunt–Morgan House
1346:Ohio Penitentiary
1336:Ben Johnson House
1306:Stovepipe Johnson
1223:Project Gutenberg
1094:. Lewis Pub. Co.
895:Matthews, p. 156.
868:Horan, pp. 24-28.
786:Fairview Cemetery
697:. Hines moved to
645:John Wilkes Booth
571:Benjamin Anderson
552:Judah P. Benjamin
521:Ben Johnson House
406:William A. Bowles
335:, and missed the
244:John Wilkes Booth
236:Ohio Penitentiary
197:
196:
1540:
1323:
1311:Bennett H. Young
1296:George Ellsworth
1286:John Hunt Morgan
1273:Morgan's Raiders
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1232:Internet Archive
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1015:Matthews, p.254.
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777:Louisville Times
758:Southern Bivouac
517:Cincinnati, Ohio
462:Johnson's Island
458:prisoners of war
418:Valeene, Indiana
344:John Hunt Morgan
337:Battle of Shiloh
230:) in advance of
224:John Hunt Morgan
162:
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70:January 23, 1898
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859:Schultz, p. 34.
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820:Schultz, p. 33.
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798:
767:Neo-Confederate
728:, a judge from
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639:Two days after
621:
544:Jefferson Davis
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452:John T. McCombs
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58:October 8, 1838
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42:Thomas Hines
30:Thomas Hines
1478:1898 deaths
1473:1838 births
1435:Hines' Raid
772:Mississippi
675:, a former
610:telegrapher
460:, first at
410:French Lick
394:Copperheads
372:Hines' Raid
228:Hines' Raid
204:Confederate
185:Hines' Raid
1467:Categories
1358:Alice Dean
1056:References
663:Later life
446:Alice Dean
435:. Colonel
398:Ohio River
370:See also:
341:Brig. Gen.
318:lieutenant
293:Freemasons
273:Early life
83:Allegiance
54:1838-10-08
653:ferryboat
634:honeymoon
1356:PS
738:buckshot
619:Late war
583:Illinois
449:and the
168:Commands
101:Service/
1230:at the
1145:4627838
1100:3791914
734:shotgun
669:Toronto
626:convent
594:Ontario
590:Toronto
579:Chicago
348:private
248:Detroit
138:Captain
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1279:People
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472:Escape
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809:Notes
649:wharf
548:arson
488:Paris
424:, on
408:, in
402:Derby
351:spy.
252:Union
1190:ISBN
1158:ISBN
1141:OCLC
1122:ISBN
1096:OCLC
1079:OCLC
496:coal
492:mold
374:and
366:1863
144:Unit
129:Rank
67:Died
48:Born
1221:at
577:in
523:in
218:of
1469::
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52:(
23:.
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