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contents of the flask and so used it to water a wild onion plant. When
Alexander died his grief-stricken sister attempted to end her life by jumping into the sea. Instead of drowning, however, she became a mermaid who passes judgment on mariners throughout the centuries and across the seven seas. To the sailors who encounter her, she always poses the same question: "Is king Alexander alive?" (Greek:
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212:(it is a composite of "Thessaly" and "nike," the Greek word for "victory"), it is unclear which victory it specifically references. Some historians cite her birth as being as early as 353 or 352 BC, but 346/5 may be more accurate. According to one narrative, to commemorate the birth of his daughter, which fell on the same day as the armies of
311:. After the death of Cassander, Thessalonike appears to have at first retained much influence over her sons in 295 BC. Her son Philip succeeded his father, but died shortly after taking the throne. Shortly after Philip's death, Antipater murdered his mother. The reason for this is unclear, but most sources say that it was due to jealousy.
332:
after the death of
Alexander. The legend states that Alexander, in his quest for the Fountain of Immortality, retrieved with great exertion a flask of immortal water. In some versions of the story, he used the water to wash his sister's hair, making her immortal; in others, he forgot to tell her the
315:
claimed that
Thessalonike demanded that Antipater, the next eldest son, share the rule with Alexander. The decision to kill his mother, rather than Alexander, may imply that Thessalonike was acting as regent for Alexander, as many of her female relatives had done previously.
280:
by marrying her, possibly by force. Historians disagree regarding whether
Cassander favoured Thessalonike over her sister Cleopatra, possibly due to a weaker connection with Alexander and stronger one with Philip II, or if Thessalonike was his second choice.
235:
Little is known about
Thessalonike's early life. Philip II did not arrange Thessalonike's marriage, as he did for her sisters, likely due to her youth at the time of his death. Thessalonike appears to have been brought up by her stepmother
252:
campaign. She was only twenty-one when
Alexander died. Alexander did not arrange a marriage for Thessalonike, likely to avoid creating political rivals. After Alexander's death, Olympias tried to arrange a marriage for her own daughter,
232:, Philip gave the baby to a woman named Nice to raise. Olympias, who may have been a friend of Nicesipolis, may have taken Thessalonike to be raised as her own daughter following her mother's death.
883:
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in 315 BC. The fall of Pydna and the execution of her stepmother threw her into the power of
Cassander, who embraced the opportunity to connect himself with the
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862:
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240:, though little is recorded about her youth. Thessalonike was, by far, the youngest child in Olympias' care. Her interaction with her older brother
341:). Given this answer, she would allow the ship and her crew to sail safely away in calm seas. Any other answer would transform her into the raging
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Thessalonike's date of birth is unknown. While there is a consensus that her name commemorates her father's victory in
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536:
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1005:
980:
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Meeus, Alexander. "Confusing aim and result? Hindsight and the disintegration of
Alexander the Great’s empire."
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in
Thessaly over the Phocians, King Philip is said to have proclaimed, "Let her be called victory in Thessaly."
257:, but did not do the same for Thessalonike (already old for a royal bride), likely also for political reasons.
895:
857:
192:. History links her to three of the most powerful men in Macedon—daughter of King Philip II, half-sister of
614:
Affective
Relations and Personal Bonds in Hellenistic Antiquity : Studies in Honor of Elizabeth D. Carney
562:
Affective Relations and Personal Bonds in Hellenistic Antiquity : Studies in Honor of Elizabeth D. Carney
296:. Thessalonice was likely the first city to be named for a Macedonian woman, though the trend continued.
181:
42:
Inscription reading "To Queen Thessalonike, (Daughter) of Philip", Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki
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560:
Monica D'Agostini. (2020) "Alexander the Great and his Sisters: Blood in the Hellenistic Palace." in
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Waldemar Heckel. (2020) "The Limits of Brotherly Love: Neoptolemus II and Molossian Dynastic ." in
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834:. Edited by Stavros Frangoulidis, Stephen J. Harrison, & Gesine Manuwald. (2016). De Gruyter.
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in "The Gardens of Midas" when she was born, and at the age of six or seven when he left on his
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821:(Order No. 10768496). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (2116951715).
732:
361:
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337:), to which the correct answer would be "He lives and reigns and conquers the world" (Greek:
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Thessalonike returned to Macedon in 317 BC with Olympias. She, along with Olympias,
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37:
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292:, and soon became, and still is, one of the most wealthy and populous cities of
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The Routledge Companion to Women and Monarchy in the Ancient Mediterranean World
345:, bent on sending the ship and every sailor on board to the bottom of the sea.
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564:. Ed. Monica D’Agostini, Edward M. Anson, & Frances Pownall. Oxbow Books.
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616:. Ed. Monica D’Agostini, Edward M. Anson, & Frances Pownall. Oxbow Books.
551:
Chantavaridou, Christina. (2020). Women and power in the court of Philip II.
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268:, and Alexander's betrothed, Deidameia, sought refuge in the fortress of
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Thessalonike became queen of Macedon and the mother of three sons,
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after his wife. Thessaloniki was founded on the site of ancient
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481:. Duckworth with the Classical Press of Wales. p. 36.
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did not live long after Thessalonike's birth. According to
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Polygamy, Prostitutes and Death: The Hellenistic Dynasties
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A popular Greek legend has it that Thessalonike became a
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would have been minimal, as he was under the tutelage of
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Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
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Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
440:"The Sisters of Alexander the Great: Royal Relicts"
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634:. Routledge Handbooks Online. pp. 321–332.
16:Macedonian princess (353/2 or 346/5 BC – 295 BC)
941:Murdered royalty of Macedonia (ancient kingdom)
830:Amy Richlin. (2016). "The Kings of Comedy." In
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339:Ζει και βασιλεύει, και τον κόσμο κυριεύει!
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890:The pedigree of Thessalonice of Macedonia
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976:Ancient Macedonian princesses
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961:Alexander the Great in legend
878:Thessalonike The Tragic Queen
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628:"Transitional royal women"
597:Epitome of Pompeius Trogus
438:Carney, Elizabeth (1988).
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981:Ancient murder victims
772:. Anansi. p. 73.
733:Stephanus of Byzantium
477:Ogden, Daniel (1999).
320:Legend of Thessalonike
230:Stephanus of Byzantium
222:battle of Crocus Field
91:Alexander V of Macedon
86:Antipater I of Macedon
51:353/2 or 346/5 BC
795:Folktales from Greece
701:Description of Greece
408:Description of Greece
366:Description of Greece
148:Philip III of Macedon
255:Cleopatra of Macedon
220:won the significant
136:Cleopatra of Macedon
81:Philip IV of Macedon
194:Alexander the Great
188:wife or concubine,
130:Alexander the Great
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750:Diodorus Siculus.
735:. "Thessalonike".
688:. p. xix. 52.
684:Diodorus Siculus.
581:. p. xix. 35.
313:Justin (historian)
272:on the advance of
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768:(1978).
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460:JSTOR
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