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following issue and attempted to say the same thing in even stronger form. But this time the party line caught up with me as a result of word from Moscow. The Soviet press let it be known that nothing had changed, there were no new problems or new conditions, no "new moment in Europe."... My second article was never published. It was the first time that any article of mine had been rejected. I was suddenly faced with the kind of personal political crisis that so many had confronted before and were to confront afterwards.
384:, the subject of communism in America began to loom large in the public consciousness. Draper began to think of writing a "traditional" history of the American Communist Party based upon documentary sources and meeting scholarly standards and slowly began work on the project in his spare time. He was set free to work on the task full-time in 1952 by a grant from the newly established
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A third volume was planned, for which Draper began assembling research material. Unfortunately, by this time the Fund for the
Republic had run out of money and the story of the American Communist Party during the decade of the 1930s was left to be told by another writer at a later date. After several
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The article was delivered just before the deadline and must have gone in without much editorial deliberation. With everyone stunned by the French debacle, and no party line on it immediately established, my article had squeaked through. I was asked to write another article on the same subject for the
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book.... I woke up one day to realize that I had written a book which ended in 1923, a turning-point in the story.... I was faced with a problem; 1923 was too far from 1945 to make up a plausible alibi. I could not expect anyone else to know what the significance of 1923 was and why it had become my
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in the summer of 1940, Draper was urgently requested to contribute an article for publication on the significance of the event. An article entitled "New Moment in France" was produced and published in the July 9, 1940 issue, in which Draper argued that the French collapse had altered the balance of
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Draper noted that his non-party status "may even have helped me, because it could show that one did not have to be a card-carrying
Communist to hold a leading position in the NSL." Membership did come at a cost, however, as a decision was made by the Communist Party to distribute NSL members from
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and he headed for Paris to conduct further research. Draper returned to the United States in
November 1939, but the changing political situation — and the changing political line of the Communist Party in response to this — ultimately scrapped Draper's book project despite multiple re-writes.
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Draper turned in the manuscript to
Clinton Rossiter, who was irate about the truncation of the narrative but was in great need of a publication to show that the Fund for the Republic project was alive and functioning. The manuscript thus found print without revision as
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The editor asked Ted whether he would be willing to put his prospective academic career aside and to instead come to work at the paper as his assistant. After giving the matter careful consideration, Draper decided to accept the offer and went to work at the
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Upon returning from Europe in 1939, Draper was approached by a new fellow-traveling publishing house called Modern Age
Publishers with an offer to write a book on the European political situation. Draper used the book advance as an excuse to quit
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at the end of World War II. Draper set to work, mustering sources and conducting interviews with living participants of the formative period of the
American Communist Party. One of those with whom he conducted an extensive correspondence was
514:. Draper accepted a Hoover Institution fellowship and remained there until 1968, at which time he departed, ill at ease with the growing conservatism of the institution. Draper moved across country to accept a similar post at the
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movement was capable of making the "Revolution"; a revolutionary, therefore, had to be close to it. Nevertheless, I was unwilling to give up a measure of freedom or absence of discipline, such as I could enjoy as a
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after that date, limiting himself to a few book reviews so as to avoid a total severing of connections with the
Communist movement. He also spent a six-month stint as correspondent for the Soviet news agency
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stopping-point. Yet, somehow, without intending it, I had produced a book on the formative period of the formative period; it had a beginning, a middle, and an end; it was a book I knew, if the wrong one.
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where he took a position as foreign editor and wrote for publication under his real name. The magazine sent Draper to Europe in 1938 to cover the tense geopolitical situation there. Draper spent time in
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City
College, where the organization was strong, to other campuses where the fledgling organization had no presence. Draper was instructed to enroll at the Brooklyn branch of City College, forerunner of
436:." Draper noted that Cannon's letters soon became "more formal, better organized, each a little gem of its kind." These letters of Jim Cannon to Ted Draper were ultimately published in book form as
83:. His father, Samuel Dubinsky, was the manager of a shirt factory who died in 1924. His mother, Annie Kornblatt Dubinsky, ran a candy store to make ends meet following her husband's death.
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targeted at organizing and mobilizing college students. This marked the start of a decade during which Draper chose to remain reliably within the
Communist Party's orbit.
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and was thereby "saved from thinking any more about
American Communism, at least for the next three years." Draper was put to work in the Historical Section of the
301:, before joining the staff of a short-lived French language weekly newspaper based in New York City. Despite being invited back into the fold after the June 1941
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Rossiter allowed Draper two years to complete the entire project, the history of American communism from its origins in 1919 until the sacking of party leader
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and political writer. Draper is best known for the 14 books he completed during his life, including work regarded as seminal on the formative period of the
571:
Draper's papers are housed in two locations. Materials relating to his two published books on American Communism and the Cuban Revolution are held by the
484:. Klehr's book, which made use of Draper's research material but to which Draper did not himself personally contribute, was ultimately published in 1984.
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332:, and stayed in friendly contact with the latter. In 1944 Draper also saw the publication at last of a book on French affairs, when mainstream publisher
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in 1933; by this time, the College's National Student League organization "was so large and influential that it could virtually close down the school on
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was tapped to write the history of the CPUSA during the post-war period, while Draper was chosen to produce a monograph on the party's early years.
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correspondent there. He was ready to travel to Russia when he was suddenly told he couldn't leave because the party had learned that his brother,
94:. His mother insisted they change the family name to the "American-sounding" surname "Draper" when Draper was 20 so that the children could avoid
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137:," which was how I came to be around it. I was enough of a true believer to be convinced that whatever its faults or shortcomings, only the
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validated his earlier prognostications, Draper felt this impossible and instead worked at a series of temporary jobs to make ends meet.
208:, causing Soviet authorities to regard Ted as a security risk. The position of Moscow correspondent was subsequently offered to another
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tries and failures to complete the task, Draper turned his research material over to a young scholar whose work he appreciated,
373:. Such writing tasks did not constitute full-time work, however, leaving time for Draper to engage in other literary pursuits.
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579:. An additional 63 boxes of material collected for his unpublished third book on American Communism, plus over 120 reels of
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189:, where he remained for two years as assistant foreign editor, writing for publication under the name Theodore Repard.
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would be a likely next target of the Nazis in their pursuit of "an ever widening circle of expansion for easy booty."
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My initiation came in the National Student League, which I joined in 1930... Most of its leaders were members of the
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To his own dismay, Draper repeated the stunt, terminating the second volume with the 1929 expulsion of party leader
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and his co-thinkers. Again Clinton Rossiter protested and published, with the Viking Press releasing the volume as
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in 1957 and Rossiter set Draper back to work for two more years to complete the rest of the assigned time period.
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With his scholarly funding dried up and his interests shifting, Draper next moved to the hot-button topic of the
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Theodore Draper was born Theodore Dubinsky on September 11, 1912, one of four children. His younger brother was
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as a focus for his scholarship. A series of articles, books, and pamphlets ensued, marked by the 1962 tome
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On Nuclear War: An Exchange with the Secretary of Defense: Caspar Weinberger vs. Theodore Draper.
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1329:, World Socialist Web Site, International Committee of the Fourth International, March 3, 2006.
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The 84th Infantry Division in the Battle of the Ardennes, December 1944 – January 1945
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Draper's work as a historian of the Cuban Revolution brought him to the attention of the
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In the meantime, Draper finished his book for Rossiter and the Fund for the Republic:
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The 84th Infantry Division in the Battle of the Ardennes, December 1944–January 1945,
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Draper's transition from a political journalist to a historian had begun.
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In 1937, Draper moved to the Communist Party's literary-artistic weekly,
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Throughout 1939 and 1940 Draper continued to periodically write for the
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Liege, Belgium: Historical Section, 84th Infantry Division, April 1945.
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67:, who became a noted Marxist historian. Theodore's parents were ethnic
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166:." Upon graduation he enrolled in the graduate program in history at
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While attending a social function in 1935, Draper was approached by
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a monograph on the economic and political circumstances behind the
110:, better known as "City College". It was there that he joined the
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Present History: On Nuclear War, Detente and Other Controversies.
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Ordeal of the UN: Khrushchev, Hammarskjöld, and the Congo Crisis.
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1334:"Preliminary Inventory to the Theodore Draper Papers, 1912–1966"
1327:"Obituary: Theodore Draper—American Historian and Social Critic"
1059:"Preliminary Inventory to the Theodore Draper Papers, 1912–1966"
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Israel and World Politics: Roots of the Third Arab–Israeli War.
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324:. During his time with the 84th Infantry Division he met with
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American Communism and Soviet Russia: The Formative Period.
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Theodore Draper died on February 21, 2006, at his home in
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Draper was a long-time contributor first to the magazine
177:, the foreign editor of the Communist Party's newspaper,
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Award for Nonacademically Affiliated Historians from the
22:(September 11, 1912 – February 21, 2006) was an American
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The Six Weeks' War: France, May 10 – June 25, 1940
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The Heyday of American Communism: The Depression Decade
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Theodore Draper, "Preface" to the paperback edition of
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The United States and Israel: Tilt in the Middle East?
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The Dominican Revolt: A Case Study in American Policy.
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on various topics at the request of the editors. With
623:"Theodore Draper, Freelance Historian, Is Dead at 93"
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and other research materials, are to be found at the
866:The Six Weeks' War: France, May 10 – June 25, 1940
292:Draper refused to write any more articles for the
725:Note that "Repard" is "Draper" spelled backwards.
192:In the summer of 1936 Draper was tapped to go to
16:American historian, socialist activist and writer
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568:. He was 93 years old at the time of his death.
504:Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace
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1309:A Struggle for Power: The American Revolution.
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154:Draper graduated from Brooklyn College with a
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447:Two years later, I finished a book, but not
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1071:"Theodore Draper research files, 1919-1970"
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348:Following World War II, Draper worked as a
1303:A Very Thin Line: The Iran–Contra Affairs.
1293:A Present of Things Past: Selected Essays.
1255:New York: American Jewish Committee, 1975.
1010:Draper, "Preface" to paperback edition of
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992:Draper, "Preface" to paperback edition of
974:Draper, "Preface" to paperback edition of
947:The First Ten Years of American Communism.
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807:Draper, "Preface" to paperback edition of
794:Draper, "Preface" to paperback edition of
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778:Draper, "Preface" to paperback edition of
765:Draper, "Preface" to paperback edition of
752:Draper, "Preface" to paperback edition of
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1038:"Introduction to the Transaction edition"
960:The First Ten Years of American Communism
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493:Castro's Revolution: Myths and Realities,
438:The First Ten Years of American Communism
1243:The Dominican Intervention Reconsidered.
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1269:The Atlantic Alliance and Its Critics.
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308:In 1943, Draper was inducted into the
231:covering the crisis which led to the "
133:, but I was not. I preferred being a "
1237:The Rediscovery of Black Nationalism.
1150:Castro's Cuba: A Revolution Betrayed?
670:New York: Vintage Books, 1986; p. ix.
668:American Communism and Soviet Russia.
647:"Scholar, Historian Theodore Draper,"
540:Some of Draper's later works include
40:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1117:Liege, Belgium: Historical Section,
1012:American Communism and Soviet Russia
994:American Communism and Soviet Russia
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884:American Communism and Soviet Russia
809:American Communism and Soviet Russia
796:American Communism and Soviet Russia
780:American Communism and Soviet Russia
767:American Communism and Soviet Russia
754:American Communism and Soviet Russia
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714:American Communism and Soviet Russia
688:American Communism and Soviet Russia
470:American Communism and Soviet Russia
276:power in Europe and hinted that the
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1376:American male non-fiction writers
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1198:The Roots of the Dominican Crisis
336:released a book by Draper called
303:Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union
98:during pursuit of their careers.
90:and graduated from the borough's
1401:Historians from New York (state)
1371:20th-century American historians
1125:The Roots of American Communism.
106:In 1930, Draper enrolled at the
1411:Historians of the United States
1209:Castroism, Theory and Practice.
1203:League for Industrial Democracy
1161:New York: The New Leader, 1961.
1153:New York: The New Leader, 1961.
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1042:The Roots of American Communism
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459:The Roots of American Communism
108:College of the City of New York
48:American Historical Association
1346:Author Archive Theodore Draper
1305:New York: Hill and Wang, 1991.
1158:Cuba and United States Policy.
1027:. New York: Basic Books, 1984.
962:. New York: Lyle Stuart, 1962.
945:Theodore Draper, "Preface" to
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414:The Communists and the Schools
247:covering the last days of the
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42:and the 1990 recipient of the
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1239:New York: Viking Press, 1970.
1223:New York: Viking Press, 1968.
1217:New York: Viking Press, 1967.
1135:New York: Viking Press, 1960.
1127:New York: Viking Press, 1957.
38:. Draper was a fellow of the
949:New York: Lyle Stuart, 1962.
839:"Little Heinz And Big Henry"
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516:Institute for Advanced Study
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1263:Council for a Livable World
1186:Five Years of Castro's Cuba
1090:. As Theodore Repard, with
887:. Routledge. pp. xvi.
621:Christopher Lehmann-Haupt,
573:Hoover Institution Archives
10:
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1416:Jewish American historians
1391:Columbia University alumni
1279:. New York: Praeger, 1983.
352:, writing extensively for
1191:American Jewish Committee
360:American Jewish Committee
1211:New York: Praeger, 1965.
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534:New York Review of Books
28:American Communist Party
1406:Historians of communism
1396:Contemporary historians
1386:Brooklyn College alumni
575:, Stanford University,
416:(1959) in that series.
406:University of Wisconsin
125:Draper later recalled:
112:National Student League
1119:84th Infantry Division
1046:Transaction Publishers
820:Sgt. Theodore Draper,
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318:Battle of the Ardennes
314:84th Infantry Division
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131:Young Communist League
1431:Writers from Brooklyn
837:(September 6, 1992).
577:Palo Alto, California
566:Princeton, New Jersey
550:A Struggle for Power,
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426:James P. "Jim" Cannon
386:Fund for the Republic
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520:Princeton University
506:, an anti-communist
497:Frederick A. Praeger
350:freelance journalist
1175:Castro's Communism.
627:The New York Times,
554:American Revolution
512:Stanford University
376:With the growth of
338:The Six Weeks' War.
283:Draper remembered:
241:Neville Chamberlain
168:Columbia University
120:Communist Party USA
79:, then part of the
844:The New York Times
652:February 23, 2006.
629:February 22, 2006.
546:Iran-Contra Affair
398:Cornell University
88:Brooklyn, New York
36:Iran–Contra Affair
20:Theodore H. Draper
1421:Jewish socialists
1036:Theodore Draper,
958:James P. Cannon,
864:Theodore Draper,
544:a history of the
542:A Very Thin Line,
531:and later to the
432:and the Russian "
410:Robert W. Iverson
249:Spanish Civil War
116:mass organization
86:He was raised in
71:who emigrated to
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382:Second Red Scare
334:The Viking Press
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1104:. New York:
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1092:Harry Gannes
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898:. Retrieved
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492:
486:
478:Harvey Klehr
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469:
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430:Leon Trotsky
421:Earl Browder
418:
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375:
365:The Reporter
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322:World War II
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278:Soviet Union
273:Nazi Germany
264:
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237:Adolf Hitler
216:
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212:journalist.
210:Daily Worker
209:
197:
191:
187:Daily Worker
186:
178:
175:Harry Gannes
172:
153:
145:
128:
124:
105:
96:antisemitism
85:
62:
44:Herbert Feis
19:
18:
1366:2006 deaths
1361:1912 births
1313:Times Books
996:, p. xviii.
518:located at
510:located at
378:McCarthyism
369:founded by
59:Early years
1355:Categories
1311:New York:
1295:New York:
1285:New York:
1231:Commentary
1229:New York:
1167:New York:
1141:New York:
978:, p. xvii.
782:, p. xiii.
528:Commentary
508:think tank
371:Max Ascoli
355:Commentary
294:New Masses
265:New Masses
235:" between
206:Trotskyist
202:Hal Draper
160:philosophy
65:Hal Draper
34:, and the
1179:Encounter
1014:, p. xix.
936:, p. xvi.
798:, p. xiv.
756:, p. xii.
595:Footnotes
581:microfilm
556:of 1776.
472:in 1960.
440:in 1962.
344:Historian
310:U.S. Army
243:, and in
139:Communist
114:(NSL), a
54:Biography
24:historian
1261:Boston:
1177:London,
918:, p. xv.
850:June 19,
716:, p. xi.
380:and the
204:, was a
1315:, 1996.
1299:, 1990.
1289:, 1983.
1249:, 1971.
1233:, 1968.
1205:, 1965.
1193:, 1964.
1181:, 1962.
1171:, 1962.
1169:Praeger
1145:, 1960.
1108:, 1944.
1098:, 1936.
1048:, 2003.
690:, p. x.
404:of the
196:as the
164:May Day
118:of the
77:Ukraine
891:
548:, and
412:wrote
194:Moscow
30:, the
1271:With
1080:Works
245:Spain
227:, in
225:Paris
75:from
1275:and
902:2018
889:ISBN
852:2022
328:and
299:TASS
239:and
156:B.S.
69:Jews
1040:in
480:of
449:the
396:of
320:in
271:to
158:in
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182:.
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