306:
75:
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50:
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31:
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Cupuaçu trees usually range from 5–15 m (16–49 ft) in height, though some can reach 20 m (66 ft). They have brown bark, and the leaves range from 25–35 cm (9.8–13.8 in) long and 6–10 cm (2.4–3.9 in) across, with 9 or 10 pairs of veins. As the trees mature, the
406:
Cupuaçu is generally harvested from the ground once they have naturally fallen from the tree. It can be difficult to determine peak ripeness because there is no noticeable external color change in the fruit. However studies have shown that in
Western Colombian Amazon conditions, fruits generally
853:
Silva, F.M.; Silva, C.L.M. (February 2000). "Note. Quality evaluation of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum) purée after pasteurization and during storage / Nota. Calidad del puré de cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum) después de la pasterización y durante su almacenamiento".
424:) is the most prominent disease that affects cupuaçu trees. It affects the entire tree and can result in significant loss of yields and even tree death if left untreated. Regular pruning is recommended to reduce the severity of this disease in cupuaçu plantings.
324:. The majority of cupuaçu trees are self-incompatible, which can result in decreased pollination levels, and consequently, a decrease in fruit yields. Pollination can also be negatively affected by environmental conditions. Pollinators, which include
1252:
956:
Schroth, G. (2000). "Growth, Yield and
Mineral Nutrition of Cupuacu (Theobroma grandiflorum) in Two Multi-Strata Agroforestry Systems on a Ferralitic Amazonian Upland Soil at Four Fertilization Levels".
297:
of the cupuaçu fruit is consumed throughout
Central and South America, especially in the northern states of Brazil, and is used to make ice creams, snack bars, and other products.
1099:"Parâmetros biológicos e injúrias de Macrosoma tipulata Hübner (Lepidoptera: Hedylidae), em cupuaçuzeiro [Theobroma grandiflorum (Wild ex Spreng Schum)] no Amazonas"
1138:
Yang, Hui; Protiva, Petr; Cui, Baoliang; Ma, Cuiying; Baggett, Scott; Hequet, Vanessa; Mori, Scott; Weinstein, I. Bernard; Kennelly, Edward J. (December 2003).
1064:
Alves, Rafael Moysés; Resende, Marcos Deon Vilela de; Bandeira, Bruna dos Santos; Pinheiro, Thiago
Martins; Farias, Daniella Cristina Raiol (December 2009).
1385:
3039:
3749:
2970:
1179:"Determination of Theobromine, Theophylline, and Caffeine in by-Products of Cupuacu and Cacao Seeds by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography"
385:
3909:
3788:
889:
Teixeira, Maria
Francisca Simas; Andrade, Jerusa Souza; Fernandes, Ormezinda Celeste Cristo; Durán, Nelson; Lima Filho, José Luiz de (2011).
3894:
3007:
2482:
974:"Growth and development of the cupuaçu fruit (Theobroma grandiflorum [Willd. Ex Spreng.] Schum.) in the western colombian Amazon"
1101:[Biological parameters and damage by Macrosoma tipulata Hübner (Lepidoptera: Hedylidae), in cupuaçu tree in Amazonas, Brazil].
3181:
368:
3827:
940:
732:
Prazeres, Isadora
Cordeiro dos; Domingues, Alessandra Ferraiolo Nogueira; Campos, Ana Paula Rocha; Carvalho, Ana Vânia (June 2017).
3697:
2982:
1378:
3762:
3710:
2987:
707:
891:"Quality Attributes of Cupuaçu Juice in Response to Treatment with Crude Enzyme Extract Produced by Aspergillus japonicus 586"
3311:
3012:
3002:
1230:
665:
3767:
403:
systems throughout the Amazon due to their high tolerance of infertile soils, which are predominant in the Amazon region.
2516:
2471:
1371:
973:
3412:
3108:
3793:
3623:
3103:
2997:
2948:
3736:
3029:
2866:
1248:"Safety of TeaCrine®, a non-habituating, naturally-occurring purine alkaloid over eight weeks of continuous use"
3453:
3174:
3075:
1895:
212:
3845:
407:
reach full maturity within 117 days after fruit set. Brazilians either eat it raw or use it in making sweets.
2759:
3637:
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623:
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2282:
274:
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1028:
Silva, Alessandra Eluan da; Silva, Luiza Helena Meller da; Pena, Rosinelson da Silva (December 2008).
74:
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and pineapple and is frequently used in desserts, juices and sweets. The juice tastes primarily like
1321:
1300:
790:
3904:
3190:
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3832:
3402:
2509:
2002:
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1356:
1343:
1303:[Chemical and physical characteristics of cupuaçu fat and cocoa butter] (in Portuguese).
3780:
3754:
3585:
3044:
2428:
396:
Cupuaçu is most commonly propagated from seed, but grafting and rooted cuttings are also used.
3392:
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8:
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39:
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1066:"Evolução da vassoura-de-bruxa e avaliação da resistência em progênies de cupuaçuzeiro"
917:
890:
871:
653:
436:
69:
734:"Elaboration and characterization of snack bars made with ingredients from the Amazon"
681:
3801:
3645:
3417:
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2836:
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2811:
2771:
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1972:
1952:
1696:
1641:
1353:"Cupuaçu, Theobroma grandiflorum, cupuaçueiro, Flora amazônica, Endêmica do amazonas"
1281:
1226:
1200:
1159:
1120:
922:
661:
660:. Plant Production and Protection Series No. 26. Rome, Italy: FAO. pp. 205–209.
580:
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321:
1246:
Taylor L, Mumford P, Roberts M, Hayward S, Mullins J, Urbina S, Wilborn C (2016).
822:"Flowering levels, harvest season and yields of cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum)"
314:
leaves change from pink-tinted to green, and eventually they begin bearing fruit.
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resembling white chocolate. The main fatty acid components of cupuaçu butter are
537:
481:
318:
258:
112:
1301:"CaracterĂsticas quĂmicas e fĂsica da gordura de cupuaçu e da manteiga de cacau"
1195:
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305:
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2014:
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561:
366:. Chocolate made from cupuaçu, very similar to that made from cocoa, is called
99:
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544:(approximately 30 °C) and texture of a soft solid, lending its use as a
541:
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359:
332:
59:
54:
1223:
The Uses of Cocoa and Cupuaçu
Byproducts in Industry, Health, and Gastronomy
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262:
907:
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Flowers of cupuaçu are structurally complex, and require pollination from
3723:
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2019:
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1097:
Lourido, Gilcélia; Silva, Neliton M.; Motta, Catarina (February 2007).
553:
477:
338:
294:
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508:
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485:
473:
461:
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431:
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347:
168:
158:
3579:
1140:"New Bioactive Polyphenols from Theobroma g randiflorum ("Cupuaçu")"
3853:
3602:
3488:
3448:
3432:
3422:
3339:
3159:
2902:
2653:
2648:
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2119:
1992:
1977:
1875:
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1816:
1806:
1791:
1781:
1535:
1460:
1177:
Lo Coco, F.; Lanuzza, F.; Micali, G.; Cappellano, G. (1 May 2007).
599:
Fernandez, E.; Moraes, M.; Martinelli, G.; Colli-Silva, M. (2021).
489:
469:
282:
148:
125:
3741:
3689:
500:
as found in cacao, although with a much lower amount of caffeine.
278:
3658:
3533:
3483:
3407:
3382:
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2851:
2361:
2356:
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2139:
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2094:
2079:
1836:
1747:
1611:
1490:
972:
Hernández L, Claudia; Hernández G, MarĂa
Soledad (January 2012).
346:
The white pulp of the cupuaçu has an odour described as a mix of
286:
1004:"This Brazilian Fruit Makes Beer, Ice Cream, and Faux Chocolate"
270:
3676:
3478:
3221:
2404:
2366:
2351:
2314:
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2167:
1922:
1826:
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1455:
731:
525:
457:
389:
355:
328:
266:
138:
1176:
791:"Theobroma grandiflorum Cupuassu, Cupuacu PFAF Plant Database"
3528:
3493:
3438:
3216:
2846:
2334:
2209:
2129:
2114:
2061:
1811:
1770:
1562:
1440:
1415:
888:
363:
86:
2494:
1063:
1032:[Hygroscopic behavior of açaà and cupuaçu powders].
2341:
2309:
1554:
1245:
592:
380:
351:
290:
254:
30:
2149:
1854:
1410:
265:, it is naturally cultivated in the jungles of northern
1253:
941:"Frutas brasileiras: Descubra os benefĂcios do cupuaçu"
971:
1359:
from the original on 2021-12-22 – via YouTube.
1346:
from the original on 2021-12-22 – via YouTube.
1337:
1030:"Comportamento higroscópico do açaà e cupuaçu em pó"
706:
Balston, Catherine; Derry, Johanna (17 April 2014).
335:, are unable to fly between flowers in heavy rains.
624:
10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T191158664A191158666.pt
658:Neglected Crops: 1492 from a Different Perspective
410:Commercial food products include pulp and powder.
1096:
3886:
1137:
708:"Cupuaçu: Brazil's new alternative to chocolate"
1393:
1027:
656:. In Bermejo, J.E. Hernándo; León, J. (eds.).
3175:
2510:
1379:
1299:Cohen, K. de O.; Jackix, M. de N. H. (2009).
766:"Brazil: Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition"
1239:
705:
1298:
1216:
1214:
820:Venturieri, Giorgini Augusto (March 2011).
3182:
3168:
2517:
2503:
1386:
1372:
1350:
1338:Weird Fruit Explorer (20 September 2017).
943:(in Portuguese) Retrieved 9 February 2022.
852:
819:
651:
48:
29:
1275:
1265:
1194:
1114:
1081:
1045:
916:
906:
856:Food Science and Technology International
837:
749:
682:"Cupuaçu - the taste of the Amazon - Kew"
622:
1211:
647:
645:
643:
641:
507:
399:Cupuaçu trees are often incorporated in
379:
337:
304:
955:
3887:
2988:European Cocoa and Chocolate Directive
3584:
3583:
3312:Vermeer Dutch Chocolate Cream Liqueur
3163:
3003:International Cocoa Quarantine Centre
2498:
1367:
1351:Scalabrini, Osvaldo (28 April 2013).
1059:
1057:
951:
949:
638:
413:
3910:Crops originating from South America
3189:
2971:Côte d'Ivoire–Ghana Cocoa Initiative
2477:
1221:Sira, Elevina Eduviges Prez (2018).
1220:
815:
813:
811:
3895:IUCN Red List least concern species
3040:Production in SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
610:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
261:. Native and common throughout the
13:
1183:Journal of Chromatographic Science
1070:Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura
1054:
946:
14:
3926:
1331:
1034:CiĂŞncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos
808:
725:
503:
447:
269:, with the largest production in
3846:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:825580-1
3565:
3564:
3230:
3138:
3125:
3124:
2998:International Cocoa Organization
2949:Child labour in cocoa production
2476:
2467:
2466:
452:Cupuaçu flavors derive from its
73:
3139:
1292:
1170:
1131:
1116:10.1590/s1519-566x2007000100012
1090:
1083:10.1590/S0100-29452009000400015
1047:10.1590/S0101-20612008000400020
1021:
996:
965:
939:Pensamento Verde, 12 May 2014.
933:
882:
839:10.1590/S0044-59672011000100017
846:
783:
758:
699:
674:
444:), which can be a defoliator.
375:
300:
1:
3013:Philippine chocolate industry
2524:
586:
7:
1225:. Nova Science Publishers.
1144:Journal of Natural Products
567:
10:
3931:
3571:Category: Chocolate drinks
2977:The Dark Side of Chocolate
1395:Non-timber forest products
1340:"Cupuacu Review - Ep. 210"
868:10.1177/108201320000600108
751:10.1590/1809-4392201602203
617:: e.T191158664A191158666.
540:, giving the butter a low
3592:
3562:
3546:
3363:
3332:
3325:
3239:
3228:
3197:
3119:
3053:
3030:Production in Ivory Coast
2931:
2885:
2742:
2667:
2571:
2534:
2462:
2397:
2260:
2148:
2060:
1845:
1761:
1662:
1549:
1436:
1401:
1267:10.1186/s12970-016-0113-3
1196:10.1093/chromsci/45.5.273
959:Journal of Applied Botany
421:Moniliophthora perniciosa
392:, Brazil. Four years old.
197:
190:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
3008:Manufacturers (vertical)
3403:Brownie Chocolate Drink
2867:Chocolate-covered foods
652:Giacometti, DC (1994).
538:unsaturated fatty acids
3624:Theobroma grandiflorum
3594:Theobroma grandiflorum
3045:World Cocoa Foundation
2409:(Iberian agroforestry)
1647:Pacific mountain onion
1316:Cite journal requires
1103:Neotropical Entomology
603:Theobroma grandiflorum
521:
517:
393:
343:
310:
227:Theobroma grandiflorum
201:Theobroma grandiflorum
3035:Production in Nigeria
2993:Harkin–Engel Protocol
2782:Chocolate chip cookie
2429:Indian forest produce
1900:Hydnocarpus wightiana
511:
427:Cupuaçu supports the
383:
341:
308:
3554:Outline of chocolate
2983:Environmental impact
2842:Cioccolato di Modica
1672:Bare-toothed russula
978:AgronomĂa Colombiana
342:Cupuaçu fruit opened
230:, commonly known as
183:T. grandiflorum
3100:Military chocolate
3061:Chocolate addiction
3018:Production in Ghana
2807:Chocolate ice cream
2624:Tetramethylpyrazine
2283:musical instruments
1541:Woodland strawberry
908:10.4061/2011/494813
518:manteiga de cupuaçu
484:. It also contains
434:, "lagarta verde",
252:tropical rainforest
40:Conservation status
3198:Traditional drinks
3071:Chocolate fountain
2797:Chocolate crackles
522:
437:Macrosoma tipulata
414:Pests and diseases
394:
344:
311:
3882:
3881:
3802:Open Tree of Life
3586:Taxon identifiers
3577:
3576:
3542:
3541:
3509:Stephen's Gourmet
3428:Chocolate Soldier
3257:Chocolate liqueur
3200:(maize and cacao)
3157:
3156:
3081:Chocolate museums
3076:Legal definitions
3023:Ghana Cocoa Board
2939:Organic chocolate
2893:Aerated chocolate
2837:Chocolate truffle
2822:Chocolate pudding
2812:Chocolate liqueur
2772:Chocolate brownie
2767:Chocolate biscuit
2492:
2491:
1232:978-1-5361-3456-8
1156:10.1021/np034002j
1150:(11): 1501–1504.
1105:(in Portuguese).
1036:(in Portuguese).
667:978-92-5-103217-6
581:Amazonian cuisine
575:Theobroma bicolor
223:
222:
63:
3922:
3875:
3874:
3862:
3861:
3849:
3848:
3836:
3835:
3823:
3822:
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3809:
3797:
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3653:
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3627:
3626:
3613:
3612:
3611:
3581:
3580:
3568:
3567:
3330:
3329:
3234:
3191:Chocolate drinks
3184:
3177:
3170:
3161:
3160:
3147:
3142:
3141:
3133:
3128:
3127:
2944:Fair trade cocoa
2827:Chocolate spread
2671:
2546:Chocolate liquor
2538:
2528:
2519:
2512:
2505:
2496:
2495:
2480:
2479:
2470:
2469:
2444:Resin extraction
2434:Mushroom hunting
2410:
2156: / etc.
2010:
1903:
1738:Saffron milk cap
1728:Parasol mushroom
1568:Fiddlehead ferns
1388:
1381:
1374:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1347:
1326:
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1319:
1314:
1312:
1304:
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1218:
1209:
1208:
1198:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1118:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1085:
1076:(4): 1022–1032.
1061:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1014:
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994:
993:
969:
963:
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944:
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910:
886:
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844:
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723:
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703:
697:
696:
694:
692:
678:
672:
671:
649:
636:
635:
633:
631:
626:
596:
512:Cupuaçu butter (
418:Witches' broom (
388:plantation near
203:
78:
77:
57:
52:
51:
33:
21:
20:
3930:
3929:
3925:
3924:
3923:
3921:
3920:
3919:
3905:Trees of Brazil
3885:
3884:
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3878:
3870:
3865:
3857:
3852:
3844:
3839:
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3826:
3818:
3813:
3805:
3800:
3792:
3787:
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3321:
3235:
3226:
3199:
3193:
3188:
3158:
3153:
3152:
3145:
3131:
3115:
3091:Cocoa smuggling
3066:Chocolate bloom
3049:
2927:
2881:
2832:Chocolate syrup
2802:Chocolate gravy
2792:Chocolate coins
2738:
2669:
2663:
2567:
2562:Theobroma cacao
2536:
2530:
2526:
2523:
2493:
2488:
2458:
2408:
2393:
2384:Vegetable ivory
2256:
2144:
2056:
2004:
1897:
1859:
1841:
1775:
1757:
1723:Oyster mushroom
1713:Meadow mushroom
1658:
1642:Twincrest onion
1545:
1449:
1432:
1403:Animal products
1397:
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1334:
1329:
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895:Enzyme Research
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482:isoscutellarein
450:
416:
378:
303:
234:, also spelled
219:
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199:
186:
72:
64:
53:
49:
42:
17:
16:Species of tree
12:
11:
5:
3928:
3918:
3917:
3915:Tropical fruit
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3872:wfo-0000458603
3863:
3850:
3837:
3824:
3811:
3798:
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3772:
3759:
3746:
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3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3374:
3372:
3371:powdered mixes
3365:Ready to drink
3361:
3360:
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3334:
3327:
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3294:
3289:
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3274:
3269:
3267:Crème de cacao
3264:
3262:Chocolate milk
3259:
3254:
3249:
3243:
3241:
3240:Generic drinks
3237:
3236:
3229:
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3224:
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3000:
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2951:
2941:
2935:
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2926:
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2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2874:
2872:Mint chocolate
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2817:Chocolate milk
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2787:Chocolate chip
2784:
2779:
2777:Chocolate cake
2774:
2769:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2752:
2746:
2744:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2736:
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2661:
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2636:
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2621:
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2611:
2609:Phenethylamine
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2558:
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2460:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2449:Rubber tapping
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2415:Forest farming
2412:
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2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2066:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2051:Vateria indica
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:Shorea robusta
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
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1740:
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1699:
1697:Honey mushroom
1694:
1689:
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1659:
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1578:Mahuwa flowers
1575:
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1333:
1332:External links
1330:
1328:
1327:
1318:|journal=
1291:
1238:
1231:
1210:
1189:(5): 273–275.
1169:
1130:
1109:(1): 102–106.
1089:
1053:
1040:(4): 895–901.
1020:
995:
964:
945:
932:
881:
845:
832:(1): 143–152.
826:Acta Amazonica
807:
782:
757:
744:(2): 103–110.
738:Acta Amazonica
724:
698:
673:
666:
637:
590:
588:
585:
584:
583:
578:
569:
566:
562:arachidic acid
505:
504:Cupuaçu butter
502:
454:phytochemicals
449:
448:Phytochemicals
446:
415:
412:
377:
374:
333:stingless bees
309:Cupuacu flower
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3504:Shoko B'Sakit
3502:
3500:
3499:Sabra liqueur
3497:
3495:
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3366:
3362:
3356:
3353:
3351:
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3341:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3333:Mexican-style
3331:
3328:
3324:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3282:Hot chocolate
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
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3109:United States
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2959:
2957:
2956:Big Chocolate
2954:
2950:
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2942:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2924:
2921:
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2909:
2908:Dutch process
2906:
2904:
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2899:
2898:Broma process
2896:
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2888:
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2857:Hot chocolate
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2757:
2756:
2755:Chocolate bar
2753:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2719:Raw chocolate
2717:
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2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
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2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2614:Phenylalanine
2612:
2610:
2607:
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2602:
2600:
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2424:Honey hunting
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2180:Coconut sugar
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1753:Yellow knight
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1743:Slippery jack
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1573:Heart of palm
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1551:Edible plants
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1516:Juniper berry
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1009:
1008:Atlas Obscura
1005:
999:
991:
987:
984:(1): 95–102.
983:
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565:
563:
559:
558:palmitic acid
555:
551:
547:
546:confectionery
543:
542:melting point
539:
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531:
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360:passion fruit
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192:Binomial name
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100:Tracheophytes
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
61:
56:
55:Least Concern
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
3593:
3524:Vana Tallinn
3469:Liqueur Fogg
3143:
3129:
3086:Chocolatiers
3054:Other topics
2975:
2961:Chocolaterie
2659:Valeric acid
2634:Theophylline
2560:
2556:Cocoa solids
2551:Cocoa butter
2481:
2454:Wildcrafting
2439:Naval stores
2417: /
2405:
2374:Tendu leaves
2330:Natural dyes
2200:Gutta-percha
2152: /
2090:Frankincense
2050:
2006:
1963:Mango butter
1908:Cocoa butter
1899:
1896:Chaulmoogra
1885:
1866:Allanblackia
1797:Black pepper
1682:Birch bolete
1632:Canada onion
1617:Wild ginseng
1612:Saw palmetto
1553: /
1443: /
1309:cite journal
1294:
1257:
1251:
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1186:
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1172:
1147:
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1133:
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1102:
1092:
1073:
1069:
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1033:
1023:
1011:. Retrieved
1007:
998:
981:
977:
967:
958:
935:
898:
894:
884:
862:(1): 53–58.
859:
855:
848:
829:
825:
798:. Retrieved
794:
785:
773:. Retrieved
769:
760:
741:
737:
727:
715:. Retrieved
712:The Guardian
711:
701:
689:. Retrieved
685:
676:
657:
628:. Retrieved
614:
608:
602:
594:
573:
550:stearic acid
532:composed of
530:triglyceride
523:
498:theophylline
466:theograndins
451:
435:
426:
419:
417:
409:
405:
401:agroforestry
398:
395:
367:
345:
316:
312:
263:Amazon basin
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
226:
225:
224:
200:
198:
182:
181:
169:
132:
119:
106:
93:
18:
3820:kew-2520042
3724:iNaturalist
3618:Wikispecies
3454:Fox's U-bet
3369:syrups and
3326:Brand names
3252:Caffè mocha
3207:Champurrado
3104:Switzerland
2966:Chocolatier
2918:Sugar crust
2750:Caffè mocha
2629:Theobromine
2599:Flavan-3-ol
2389:Willow bark
2220:Maple syrup
2215:Maple sugar
2190:Fruit syrup
2173:chewing gum
2163:Birch syrup
2020:Shea butter
1692:Chanterelle
1637:Crow garlic
1627:Bear garlic
1622:Wild onions
1600:filé powder
1521:Lingonberry
1506:Huckleberry
630:19 November
560:(11%), and
494:theobromine
376:Cultivation
326:chrysomelid
301:Description
257:related to
113:Angiosperms
3889:Categories
3815:Plant List
3514:Swiss Miss
3444:Cocodirect
3413:Canfield's
3317:Xicolatada
3287:Marocchino
3277:Espressino
2694:Couverture
2644:Tryptophan
2639:Tryptamine
2619:Salsolinol
2594:Enkephalin
2589:Endorphins
2579:Anandamide
2572:Components
2537:Cocoa bean
2300:Birch beer
2295:Birch bark
2252:Spruce gum
2235:akpeteshie
2225:Palm sugar
2195:Gum arabic
2185:Date sugar
2135:Turpentine
2015:Sandalwood
1918:Eucalyptus
1913:Eucalyptol
1802:Brazil nut
1677:Bay bolete
1531:Strawberry
1486:Cocoa bean
1481:Breadfruit
1471:Blackberry
1445:tree fruit
1013:28 October
990:1677579349
901:: 494813.
800:28 October
775:28 October
717:28 October
691:28 October
587:References
554:oleic acid
514:Portuguese
478:kaempferol
462:glycosides
456:, such as
3900:Theobroma
3781:191158664
3464:KĂłkĂłmjĂłlk
3435:(Cécémel)
3418:Carnation
3398:Bournvita
3378:Akta-Vite
3350:Mayordomo
3307:Tsokolate
3302:Tascalate
3272:Egg cream
3212:Pinolillo
2923:Tempering
2886:Processes
2862:beverages
2527:Chocolate
2419:gardening
2379:Thatching
2230:Palm wine
2075:Birch tar
2003:Sal-seed
1928:Japan wax
1881:Candlenut
1822:Malva nut
1787:Areca nut
1708:Matsutake
1664:Mushrooms
1605:root beer
1595:Sassafras
1583:Sago palm
1526:Raspberry
1511:Jackfruit
1476:Blueberry
1428:Wild game
654:"Cupuaçu"
534:saturated
486:theacrine
474:quercetin
470:catechins
442:Hedylidae
432:herbivore
429:butterfly
384:Cupuaçu,
348:chocolate
244:cupu assu
177:Species:
170:Theobroma
159:Malvaceae
83:Kingdom:
3859:30400582
3854:Tropicos
3755:10205990
3742:825580-1
3609:Q1144414
3603:Wikidata
3489:Ovaltine
3449:Cola Cao
3433:Chocomel
3423:Choc-Ola
3340:Abuelita
3132:Category
2932:Industry
2903:Conching
2743:Products
2714:Modeling
2704:Gianduja
2689:Compound
2654:Tyrosine
2649:Tyramine
2604:Lecithin
2584:Caffeine
2472:Category
2288:textiles
2120:Pine tar
2085:Creosote
2035:Tea-tree
2030:Tea-seed
1998:Pongamia
1988:Phulwara
1973:Nagkesar
1968:Murumuru
1943:Kpangnan
1891:Carnauba
1832:Pine nut
1817:Hazelnut
1807:Cinnamon
1792:Bay leaf
1782:Allspice
1704:(reishi)
1536:Tamarind
1501:Gambooge
1461:Bilberry
1357:Archived
1344:Archived
1286:26766930
1205:17555636
1164:14640528
1125:17420867
986:ProQuest
927:22114735
876:98661637
795:pfaf.org
770:b4fn.org
568:See also
524:Cupuaçu
490:caffeine
369:cupulate
283:Colombia
275:Amazonas
236:cupuassu
217:K.Schum.
155:Family:
149:Malvales
126:Eudicots
60:IUCN 3.1
24:Cupuaçu
3703:3152208
3659:Ecocrop
3534:Yoo-hoo
3484:Nesquik
3408:Cacolac
3383:Banania
3297:Ratafia
3247:Bicerin
3146:Outline
3096:History
2913:Enrober
2852:Ganache
2684:Belgian
2483:Commons
2398:Related
2362:Tanbark
2357:Shellac
2347:Quinine
2320:Gambier
2240:ogogoro
2140:Varnish
2105:Lacquer
2095:Gamboge
2080:Camphor
2070:Benzoin
1980: (
1886:Capuacu
1871:Babassu
1837:Vanilla
1748:Truffle
1733:Red cap
1702:Lingzhi
1491:Coconut
1466:Binukaw
1441:Berries
1277:4711067
918:3206358
686:kew.org
556:(38%),
552:(38%),
458:tannins
386:EMBRAPA
329:weevils
322:vectors
293:. The
287:Bolivia
250:, is a
248:copoazu
240:cupuazĂş
232:cupuaçu
213:Spreng.
165:Genus:
145:Order:
87:Plantae
58: (
3828:PLANTS
3807:654082
3794:108881
3768:506108
3729:332439
3716:101891
3677:482162
3638:554462
3569:
3479:Nescau
3345:Ibarra
3222:Tejate
2760:brands
2679:Baking
2406:Dehesa
2367:tannin
2352:Rattan
2315:Forage
2278:edible
2273:Bamboo
2268:Amadou
2247:Rubber
2168:Chicle
2110:Mastic
2062:Resins
2045:Ucuuba
2040:Tucuma
2025:Tamanu
1982:kernel
1953:Mafura
1923:Illipe
1876:Bacuri
1827:Nutmeg
1771:spices
1496:Durian
1456:Banana
1284:
1274:
1229:
1203:
1162:
1123:
988:
925:
915:
874:
664:
564:(7%).
526:butter
496:, and
390:Manaus
362:, and
356:banana
319:biotic
267:Brazil
209:Willd.
139:Rosids
3833:THGR7
3750:IRMNG
3690:THOGR
3664:10394
3651:56BNT
3547:Lists
3529:Vi-Co
3519:Toddy
3494:Pucko
3439:Cocio
3393:Bosco
3388:Boost
3217:Pozol
2847:Fudge
2734:White
2729:Swiss
2670:Types
2335:henna
2310:Ferns
2261:Other
2210:Latex
2130:Rosin
2125:Pitch
2115:Myrrh
2100:Kauri
1958:Mahua
1948:Kusum
1938:Kombo
1933:Kokum
1855:waxes
1812:Clove
1718:Morel
1652:Ramps
1588:queen
1563:Betel
1555:roots
1416:Honey
1260:: 2.
872:S2CID
528:is a
364:melon
279:Amapá
259:cacao
246:, or
133:Clade
120:Clade
107:Clade
94:Clade
3841:POWO
3789:NCBI
3776:IUCN
3763:ITIS
3737:IPNI
3711:GRIN
3698:GBIF
3685:EPPO
3633:BOLD
3474:Milo
3459:Kayo
3355:Taza
3292:Popo
2877:Mole
2724:Ruby
2709:Milk
2699:Dark
2342:Peat
2325:Moss
2305:Cork
2205:Kino
1993:Pilu
1978:Palm
1766:Nuts
1421:pine
1411:Furs
1322:help
1282:PMID
1227:ISBN
1201:PMID
1160:PMID
1121:PMID
1015:2018
923:PMID
899:2011
802:2018
777:2018
719:2018
693:2018
662:ISBN
632:2021
615:2021
536:and
480:and
352:pear
331:and
295:pulp
291:Peru
289:and
277:and
271:Pará
255:tree
3867:WFO
3672:EoL
3646:CoL
2154:gum
2150:Sap
1850:Oil
1687:Cep
1272:PMC
1262:doi
1191:doi
1152:doi
1111:doi
1078:doi
1042:doi
913:PMC
903:doi
864:doi
834:doi
746:doi
619:doi
211:ex
3891::
3869::
3856::
3843::
3830::
3817::
3804::
3791::
3778::
3765::
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3739::
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
