The Economist editorial stance

22: 1664:"lthough a good Liberal contribution would be essential to the formation, and the success, of any coalition, it is the Conservatives who will provide the strongest and toughest opposition to a majority Labour government next week." While expressing a preference for the Conservatives, they also hoped for the "reinforcement of the sensible centre wherever it can be managed: that includes social democratic Labour men, who may yet have a decisive part to play, as much as it includes Conservatives who would rely on unemployment as their main policy" 2606: 1934:"But in this British election the overwhelming necessity of reforming the public sector stands out. It is not just that the budget deficit is a terrifying 11.6% of GDP, a figure that makes tax rises and spending cuts inevitable. Government now accounts for over half the economy, rising to 70% in Northern Ireland. For Britain to thrive, this liberty-destroying Leviathan has to be tackled. The Conservatives, for all their shortcomings, are keenest to do that; and that is the main reason why we would cast our vote for them." 2884: 3938: 4380: 3986: 607: 7477: 4649:, "Many younger Democrats think that the former vice-president's faith in his power to persuade Republicans to cross the aisle and support him is touching at best, and dangerously naive at worst. Yet the only way to bring about long-lasting change in Washington is for a president to find a coalition in Congress that is broad enough to pass laws. After Super Tuesday, it looks as if only one candidate on the Democratic side may be capable of doing that" 3568: 2485: 2955: 3855: 583: 4195: 3616: 4479: 3807: 3051: 3003: 4514: 4466: 4423: 4230: 4182: 4091: 4056: 3890: 3842: 3766: 3603: 3504: 3452: 3417: 3394: 3359: 3324: 3261: 3248: 3220: 3192: 3134: 3086: 2942: 2919: 2871: 2724: 2641: 2593: 2554: 2524: 2443: 2373: 2338: 2268: 2188: 2133: 2072: 1973: 1942: 1909: 1878: 1814: 1781: 1748: 1717: 1600: 1536: 1497: 1464: 595: 2689: 3099: 3664: 4104: 3465: 3409:"A continuation of the present grand coalition with the SPD threatens yet more sleepy stasis. Instead she should team up with the free-market Free Democratic Party and the Greens—who are wise on Europe and tougher on Russia. Such a coalition would stand a chance of shaking the country up. As its leader, the hesitant Mrs Merkel might even become the chancellor who surprised everybody." 895:, gradually developed over time. Although it consistently took the position of a cooperative approach to Europe rather than an integrative approach, its initial opposition to European institutions gradually changed to acceptance over time. Once this change occurred, the weekly's supported a decentralized and cooperative model for European institutions, and democratic accountability. 4367: 4339: 4300: 4265: 4147: 4021: 3973: 3925: 3794: 3734: 3699: 3651: 3555: 3532: 3296: 3157: 3038: 2990: 2843: 2808: 2780: 2752: 2676: 2408: 2303: 2223: 2039: 2006: 1845: 1672: 1635: 1569: 997:

the European communities qualify as a "good thing". But the effort alone has dealt a mortal blow to the Festival of Britain spirit, the happy pursuit of parochial self-esteem that still dulled the country's awareness of facts in the nineteen-fifties. In the great debate on the common market, the British had seen through some of their own shibboleths; this is something.

1806:"Mr Ashdown's best long-term hope for a Liberal revival lies in overturning the past 92 years, so that the Labour Party and the Liberals rejoin each other. For that to happen, Labour must lose this election, and the bigger its loss the better. And that, given the depressing state of British politics, is the best reason for wanting the Conservatives to win next week." 4083:"When they vote on May 29th, they should throw out a party that has proved unable to govern. But that seems unlikely. Many voters still associate the ANC with liberation itself. ... The best option for South Africa would be for the ANC to work with the Democratic Alliance (DA), a moderate, liberal party that governs well at a local level." 1114:"Noble Negatives" appeared at the height of mutual criticisms between the UK and the U.S., and provoked wide discussion and comment in the news media of both. It was ostensibly a reply to the "outburst of criticism and abuse" that the U.S. had directed against the UK in previous weeks (that had been, in part, triggered by the 2716:"He has not managed everything perfectly in his first four years, and can be justly criticised for having, in one vital area, fallen far short of that impossible ideal. And he still has plenty to do (see article). But remember what he inherited, and look at what he has made of it, and the balance is heavily in his favour." 1361:, and called on Barack Obama to fight the war "with conviction". It supported his escalation of the American presence there in late 2009, on the basis of security interests and that a withdrawal "would amount to a terrible betrayal of the Afghan people, some of whose troubles are the result of Western intervention". 2546:"On October 22nd Argentina's voters will render a judgment on Mr Macri in a mid-term congressional election. For the sake of Argentina, and of Latin America more broadly, it is important that he do well. A strong showing by his Cambiemos (Let's Change) coalition would help his government continue economic reforms." 1026:, and discussed industrial and technological advantages that could be obtained as a result of membership. One change, however, was that it no longer pursued the idea of radically transforming the Community from within once the UK was a member, but rather suggested that the UK accept the Community as it already was. 3386:"And yet we believe Mrs Merkel is the right person to lead her country and thus Europe. That is partly because of what she is: the world's most politically gifted democrat and a far safer bet than her leftist opponents." The editorial also favoured a continuation of the existing CDU/CSU–FDP coalition. 4638:

had cast a vote in the Republican primaries in Iowa, New Hampshire, South Carolina or Nevada we would have supported John Kasich. The governor of Ohio has a good mixture of experience, in Congress and in his home state as well as in the private sector. He has also shown bravery, expanding Medicaid in

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The paper maintained its original support for invasion throughout 2003, but expressed unhappiness as to how it was unfolding, in particular the failure to find any stockpiles or other evidence of weapons of mass destruction. It chastised the Bush administration in July 2003 for its "incomprehensible"

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The six and a half years of the attempt to come to terms with the European common market, since the free trade area was proposed in 1956, are the Great Divide of modern British history. For the time being, the attempt has failed; and British opinion is still far from wholly won over to the idea that

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It reflected on this attitude by noting that "All is painfully familiar, the only novelty in the recent epidemic is the evidence that American government itself—or at least part of it—is more anxious to provide ammunition for the miscontents than to correct their wild misstatements." The editorial

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been eroded. Whilst it no longer advocated radical transformation from within, it observed that the UK would have a significant voice within the Eureopean Community, by virtue of its size. Medrano equates the paper's change in editorial stance, immediately before and after the UK's final success in

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The British have farther to go, less on specific issues of policy than in attitudes. For most of this century it has been natural for Englishmen to think of themselves as part of the English-speaking world, of which the United States has become the visible leader. Only now are they beginning in any

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Its reaction to de Gaulle's second veto of UK membership, in 1967, thus differed from its reaction in 1964. Rather than responding with anger and outrage as it had done before, its reaction was introspective and resigned. The paper no longer argued defiantly on the basis of the UK as a world power,

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However, in the period from 1957 to the 1980s, the paper's editorial opinion articles gradually came to accept the idea of the UK as a member in the various European communities. Medrano divides this period, and the transition of the newspaper's editorial stance, into three periods, which he labels

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The grandest victim of the common market's cold douche has been the illusion that Britain was still a world power, an illusion fostered by a heroic war record and by a touching faith in the welfare state—so half-hearted, so incomplete—as a model for others to emulate, much as British parliamentary

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wrote: "A newspaper cannot publish for 174 years without some mistakes. This one has made its share. We thought Britain was safe in the European exchange-rate mechanism just weeks before it crashed out; we opined, in 1997, that Indonesia was well placed to avoid financial crisis; we noted in 1999

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agreed with the editorial, although secret reports from British security services in New York warned that in fact there was worse to come, with support for isolationism and nationalism growing in the U.S., a crumbling of pro-British factions, and an increase in anti-British views in official U.S.

3444:"the CDU/CSU, frankly, has blown it. Sixteen years in power has been enough. The party has run out of ideas and drive ... Mr Scholz has been an effective finance minister. The German people trust him. He is better placed than a CDU chancellor would be to work with the Greens on climate change." 1122:

The editorial questioned whether the price that the UK had paid for collaboration with the U.S. during the war was not "too high for what we are likely to get". It characterized U.S. public opinion of the UK as "Britain is stealing a march on the poor repressed American exporter, Britain has no

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Why is this sort of clamor set up whenever any new hope of entering the EEC dawns? The truth is that there are some people in Britain who are bitterly opposed to union with Europe on emotional grounds, or on the grounds of what they call the "bureaucratic monster" at Brussels and in that it

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However, the newspaper, whilst supportive of entry, did not conceal its continued editorial dislike of European institutions and pro-American stance. It optimistically predicted that the UK's entry would be able to rectify what it saw as a drift away from the United States by Europe. This is

2435:"Joe Biden is not a miracle cure for what ails America. But he is a good man who would restore steadiness and civility to the White House. He is equipped to begin the long, difficult task of putting a fractured country back together again. That is why, if we had a vote, it would go to Joe." 2863:"In short, he is far from the ideal candidate, but he is squarely within the realm of the normal—and he is a supporter of democracy. Mr Bolsonaro, by instinct, is not. ... The best outcome would be for Mr Bolsonaro to lose by such a wide margin that he cannot plausibly claim to have won." 1376:, even as early as August 2002, when it argued that "the danger Mr. Hussein poses cannot be overstated". It presented to readers a choice for the West between two options: "to give up and give in, or to remove Mr. Hussein before he gets his bomb. Painful as it is, our vote is for war." 1131:

Hypocrisy is a common Anglo-Saxon failing—indeed, a failing of the rich and comfortable, all over the world ... the British have many times have made themselves cordially disliked by it. But that does not exempt them from feeling resentment when they are the objects of other people's

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as an excuse to do nothing about global warming. In 1998, The Economist expressed its view that global warming may be a catastrophe that warrants much spending to reduce fossil fuels, but before this, climatologists need a stream of reliable data. In a December editorial before the

2516:. His defenders say that he will be better at dealing with Congress, which will be dominated by his allies. The others, they say, will get nothing done. That is a risk. But the risk of obstruction is a bad reason to pick a second-best president. Argentines should choose Mr Macri." 2215:"We choose him on the assumption that the real Bob Dole is the one who spent three decades on Capitol Hill, not this year's dubious character; that he would be more prudent than his economic plan implies. That is an awkward basis for an endorsement. But the choice is a lousy one." 1021:

continued to support the idea of UK membership in the common market, and began to suggest that it was an economic necessity. It published weekly evaluations of the cost of both entry and of the European institutions, argued that membership of the EC was not incompatible with the

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When once it has been conceded that the functions of the State are not to be strictly limited to those simpler duties ... it is wonderful how soon and how rapidly the number of the outlets in which it is thought that State aid may be advantageously applied becomes increased and

2585:... backs the libertarian outsider. ... If Mr Milei were able to form a coalition of politicians keen to reform the country , Argentina might conceivably have a chance to change its fortunes. If it sticks with Peronism, however, it will just descend further into chaos." 3212:"Mr Macron must also break the habit of 30 years in which France's reforms have been blocked by the hard left. Success rests on early, visible progress in two areas—employment and relations with Germany. ... LRM's landslide makes this programme more likely to succeed." 1275:

own attempts at clairvoyance had "backfired spectacularly". He pointed to the weekly's editorials through July 1991 and 1992, which predicted that European Community foreign policy would deal with the situation well and that there would not be all-out war in Bosnia.

1111:, was "Noble Negatives". It was published in the 1944-12-30 edition of the newspaper, and is believed to be the work of Owen Fleming. The so-called "noble negatives" were two cornerstones of U.S. foreign policy: non-intervention with the object of non-involvement. 1051:

The newspaper took to minimalizing the economic importance of the Commonwealth in its editorials, calling into question the interpretation of statistical data by those who had an emotional investment in the self-image of the UK as one-time head of an Empire:

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was underway, and to Bill Emmott's own letter to the publication, which rejected "intervention in this three-cornered civil war, a war which all along has risked escalation into a far wider conflict with even ghastlier consequences", as evidence of this.

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gaining membership, to a "religious conversion". It made economic arguments for membership, on the grounds of growing globalization of markets, political arguments based upon the idea of holding the government of West Germany (which was, at the time, the

1208:

demanded that America 'put its cards on the table'." His view on the editorial, which he expressed in a memorandum to Roosevelt, was that "the British were undergoing a strain in adjusting to a secondary role after having always accepted a leading one".

3030:"There are two moderate candidates, Yasna Provoste of the centre-left and Sebastián Sichel of the centre-right. Either, and especially Ms Provoste, would offer hope that Chile can draw back from its dangerous polarisation and find a new consensus." 1092:) in check, and emotional arguments that played on the British antipathy towards the French by presenting its own federalist view of European communities as an anti-French alternative to the French government's proposals of intergovernmental union. 3184:"Either of the two pro-market candidates would be a blessing. ... Emmanuel Macron is untested and lacks the support of an established party; François Fillon is a social conservative tarnished by scandal. On balance, we would support Mr Macron." 1127:

called for a change in U.K. policy towards the U.S., saying, "Let an end be put to the policy of appeasement which, at Mr. Churchill's personal bidding, has been followed with all the humiliations and abasements", and concluded by saying that:

4624:, "Of the two candidates, the drier Mr Lamb looks the more likely to raise from the ruins of the Lib Dems' defeat a distinctive force capable of pulling British politics in a liberal direction. He is the sober choice for a punch-drunk party" 1592:"But the Conservatives provide the better hope on at least three grounds: restoring some incentives to risk-taking, not destroying savings through Mr Crossman's pension scheme, and making some overdue advance towards trade union reform." 6472: 2400:"Hence our vote goes to both Mrs Clinton and her party. Partly because she is not Mr Trump, but also in the hope she can show that ordinary politics works for ordinary people—the sort of renewal that American democracy requires." 1118:

affair). Its outspoken views on both U.S. foreign policy and sectors of U.S. public opinion were widely quoted, and in the view of Thomson, Meyer, and Briggs, writing in 1945, did much to "clear the air" between the two allies.

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since 1955, having remained neutral before that, on the grounds that "A journal that is jealous of its reputation for independence would, in any event, be foolish to compromise it by openly taking sides in a general election."

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interferes with Britons' independence to run their own affairs. Such people are to be found in the economics profession, politics, and the civil service; and this quite clearly does affect their sense of statistical balance.

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defence of its post-war planning. In 2007 the paper disavowed its original judgment in support of the invasion, describing the war a "debacle" that "has inflicted fear, misery and death on its intended beneficiaries".

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for having no more than "the force of an inkpot thrown from a schooldesk" and for its criticism of government ministers for their "flaws of logic failures of clairvoyance". Simms himself observed in response that

985:, which in its editorials predicted the unravelling of European institutions. It also recommended an idea that it had supported in earlier years, that of an Atlantic Community, both economic and military. 3547:"Congress, the BJP's only national rival, may be hidebound and corrupt, but at least it does not set Indians at one another's throats. ... It is a worthier recipient of Indians' votes than the BJP." 2064:"If we had a vote on July 4th, we, too, would pick Labour, because it has the greatest chance of tackling the biggest problem that Britain faces: a chronic and debilitating lack of economic growth." 2125:"That, perhaps, is the most pressing reason why so many of America's friends want, unusually in a presidential election, to see a change at the top, even one laden with risk. We agree with them." 1107:

editorial stance was pro-American when it came to postwar international alliances, it was not always so. One particular editorial, that was at the head of a nadir in Anglo-American relations in

4506:"On August 12th Zambians should do as they did in 1991 and 2021 — vote out the incumbent president. The main opposition candidate, Hakainde Hichilema, would be a huge improvement on Mr Lungu." 2365:"Mr Obama has dragged America's economy back from the brink of disaster, and has made a decent fist of foreign policy. So this newspaper would stick with the devil it knows, and re-elect him." 5235: 3316:"For Germany's sake, and for the sake of reform right across the EU, voters should do their best to give Ms Merkel's Christian Democrats and their allies a clear majority on September 18th." 2330:"He has campaigned with more style, intelligence and discipline than his opponent. Whether he can fulfil his immense potential remains to be seen. But Mr Obama deserves the presidency." 2260:. It prefers his small government, pro-market philosophy. And, on the simple test of the two crises, he wins on points: behind on a foreign crisis, but well ahead in a domestic one." 1456:"n the election of 1955 an elector who tries to reach his conclusion by reason based on observation has no choice. He may not like voting Tory. But there is nothing else he can do." 3492:"It has presided over an unprecedented economic boom, and has continued the course of cautious liberalisation and globalisation followed by its predecessors. ... For this reason, 1740:"We believe Mrs Thatcher and her colleagues should be given a second chance to deliver them, with the fewest possible Labour (as distinct from alliance) MPs elected against her." 2668:"The choice between a man with a defective manifesto and one with a defective personality is not appealing—but Mr Rudd gets our vote, largely because of Labor's decent record." 1998:"No party passes with flying colours. But the closest is the Liberal Democrats." This support was despite the fact that "We know that this year the Lib Dems are going nowhere." 6526: 4458:"he route forward is by many small steps, beginning with next week's elections. And the first of those steps is for the House, at a minimum, to switch to Democratic control." 1030:

but rather portrayed the UK as too small to stand alone, and thus encouraged resolve and perseverance with entry negotiations. This is exemplified by an October 1967 article:

6410: 910:), resisting what it saw as surrender of sovereignty to a supranational institution for as long as possible, and attempting to preserve the UK's self-image of a world power. 4693: 6384: 6817: 3917:"He is the only candidate to offer Nigerians much hope of change. In a country that has been badly and repeatedly failed by its leaders, he is easily the best choice." 7011: 3524:"We do not find the prospect of a government led by Congress under Mr Gandhi an inspiring one. But we have to recommend it to Indians as the less disturbing option." 902:

s own editorial stance was a simple reflection of attitudes within the UK in general, and of its two major political parties through the middle to late 20th century (

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Doubtless some people in Paris, and some elsewhere on the Continent, at present see Britain as an American Trojan horse. In a sense it is, and quite rightly ...

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Simms observed that the newspaper's editorial stance changed at the end of September 1995, describing it as "finally conced what it had denied for so long".

6279: 6261: 6745: 1284: 6605: 3595:" election would be a step backwards for Indonesia's 20-year-old democracy. It is heartening, therefore, that most polls show Jokowi firmly in the lead." 7029: 1388:

that oil, at $ 10 per barrel, might well reach $ 5, almost perfectly timing the bottom of the market; and in 2003 we supported the invasion of Iraq."

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intention of fighting the Japanese, Britain is not really fighting in Europe. Britain is imperialist, reactionary, selfish, exclusive, restrictive."

7098: 6853: 3786:"The least bad way forward would be another 'government of the president', a broad coalition underwritten by Sergio Mattarella, the head of state." 6490: 5149:), p. 67 (New York:Doubleday, 2008), citing J. (Jerrold) K. Footlick, "Truth and Consequences: how colleges and universities meet public crises" ( 637: 6095: 5902: 3351:"If this newspaper had a vote in Germany's election, it would cast it for the FDP, in the hope that it joins a coalition with Ms Merkel's CDU." 660:

between intelligence, which presses forward, and an unworthy, timid ignorance obstructing our progress". First published by Scottish economist

7307: 6641: 6508: 4627: 2031:"As last time, they are the only choice for anyone who rejects both the hard Brexit of the Conservatives and the hard-left plans of Labour." 1610: 1335: 5557: 5938: 5539: 4642: 1646: 4791: 992:

s stance on the status of the UK as a dominant world power began to change. One milestone in this is an editorial published in May 1963:

378: 6677: 4617: 4608: 3643:" is level-headed and has a credible security and economic team. He wants talks with the Palestinians and to heal ties with Mr Obama." 3149:"For all that, if we had a vote on May 6th, we would give it to Mr Sarkozy—but not on his merits, so much as to keep out Mr Hollande." 1077:

as one of the ways in which parliamentary sovereignty, something that the opponents of entry argued would be eroded by membership, had

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and others were aiming to organize Western Europe on neutralist lines that would not ally it with the U.S. against the Soviet Union.

1561:"On their record in the past decade, as in the past weel, on the central issues of British policy the choice must be for Mr Heath." 5690: 2418: 2383: 2348: 2313: 2278: 2233: 2198: 2163: 2153: 2143: 2108: 1528:

that, on the nicest balance, the riskier choice of Labour—and Mr Wilson—will be the better choice for voters to make on Thursday."

7231: 6763: 6659: 6149: 3585: 6835: 4677: 4671: 4212: 333: 5146: 4659: 4496: 4282: 3948: 3882:"We are relieved not to have a vote in this election. But were we offered one we would—with a heavy heart—choose Mr Buhari." 1358: 7264:

George Wilkes & Dominic Wring (1998). "The British Press and Integration". In David Baker & David Seawright (eds.).

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votes for Mrs Thatcher being given her chance." This year they recognized the risk of Margaret Thatcher, and supported the

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Brendan Simms (2004). "The End of the "Official Doctrine": The New Consensus on Britain and Bosnia". In Neil Winn (ed.).

4531: 4164: 4157: 4066: 4031: 4013:"The DA deserves to be endorsed. It has doggedly promoted non-racial and liberal values and sensible economic policies." 3996: 3061: 2534: 1283:

as being "a longstanding opponent of military intervention" in Bosnia, pointing to its editorials of July 1995, when the

630: 373: 4174:"Ideally, Spaniards would vote on April 28th for Mr Sánchez's party in large enough numbers for it not to need allies." 1160:

headlined with "So the British Have Dared to Hit Back". Other headline articles were "Anglo-American Back Chat" (in the

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had a vote, it would go to Ciudadanos." The editorial called for a coalition between Ciudadanos and the conservative

3824: 3626: 3230: 3167: 3144: 3109: 3068: 918: 5657: 5279: 4689: 4683: 4557: 4539: 4442: 4399: 3578: 3202: 2706: 2651: 2616: 1412: 1191: 930: 315: 3726:"Silvio Berlusconi has failed to show that he is any more worthy of leading Italy today than he was in the past." 7436: 5778: 4598: 3341: 2853: 2818: 2790: 2734: 2699: 2564: 2495: 1306:, calling it the "least bad solution" in a 2009 issue. A February 2016 article praised the undergoing process of 1226: 204: 3900: 3865: 2929: 2894: 1074: 866: 623: 184: 5884: 4048:"But this time, with deep reservations, we would cast our notional vote, at the national level, for the ANC." 6436: 4763: 4489: 4240: 4205: 4114: 3817: 3776: 3744: 3709: 3674: 3013: 295: 7124: 6011: 7293: 4724:

would "stand or fall" depending from its effects on the links between Europe and the U.S., and warned that

4577: 4563: 4433: 4390: 4354: 4317: 4252: 4247: 3542: 3514: 3475: 3427: 3404: 3369: 3334: 3306: 3271: 3116: 2901: 661: 504: 358: 300: 2982:"He would seek to improve the implementation of the peace agreement, not undermine it. He gets our vote." 2858: 7410: 7405: 5593: 3955: 1156: 926: 797: 363: 237: 6889: 6871: 6727: 7441: 2825: 922: 6562: 6131: 5840: 5344: 5253: 5197: 4292:"Why Turks should vote Kurd: It is the best way of stopping their country's drift towards autocracy." 1965:"On that calculus, the best hope for Britain is with a continuation of a Conservative-led coalition." 949:

had not completed the third phase at the point of the UK's entry into the Common Market in the 1970s.

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Robert F. Haggard (2001). "Conservative, Liberal, and the Radical Responses to the Social Question".

4379: 4136: 4038: 3872: 2711: 426: 194: 174: 129: 6544: 5956: 7480: 3965:"This newspaper's view is that the dull but diligent Mr Roxas would make the best next president." 3716: 3482: 1307: 917:, contributors to the paper dismissed and rejected proposals for European institutions such as the 547: 388: 119: 6297: 4328: 7370: 6225: 4585: 3937: 1624: 1446: 1162: 1023: 953:

had, and was supportive of UK membership during the initial negotiations for entry in the 1960s.

903: 557: 124: 6113: 4217: 7501: 7065: 4549: 3907: 2658: 1194: 777: 257: 247: 21: 5724: 4799: 4287: 2772:"In a suddenly exciting contest, José Serra would be a better president than Dilma Rousseff." 6957: 6939: 5920: 4553: 2623: 2430: 2395: 2360: 2325: 2290: 2247: 2210: 2175: 2120: 1383:

The episode is remembered by the newspaper's readers, critics and journalists alike. In 2017

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The persistence of Victorian liberalism: the politics of social reform in Britain, 1870–1900

4605:, "Ms Livni has the toughness and the vision to . She is thus Israel's best chance of peace" 3829: 4982:

Framing Europe: attitudes to European integration in Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom

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Ohio though he knew it would count against him later with primary voters, as indeed it has"

3985: 796:, were the key to ending the famine, as well as opposing government regulation such as the 421: 416: 406: 114: 8: 6330: 4740: 4588:, "Boris Johnson deserves another term as mayor of London. He also deserves a proper job" 3834:"Enrique Peña is the least bad choice. But he must still show he is a force for reform." 2502: 1303: 1174: 824:... it required very little observation of current politics to see that the principle of 706: 542: 275: 3207: 4501: 3749: 2571: 1702: 801: 754: 537: 7415: 7269: 7239: 7073: 6305: 6182: 6070: 6019: 5964: 5665: 5177: 5150: 5142: 5115: 5075: 5045: 4985: 4933: 4872: 4840: 4571: 4535: 3681: 3567: 3346: 2605: 2582: 2484: 1870:"Vote conservative—But choose the ambiguous right-winger rather than the feeble one" 1692: 1514: 1200:

Stettinius himself wrote that, "Unfortunately, other British papers had followed the

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considers itself the enemy of privilege, pomposity and predictability. It has backed

587: 489: 479: 469: 99: 67: 4415:"Whichever way you look at it, the Republicans deserve to get clobbered next week." 2180:"Despite the risks, the possibilities are worth pursuing. Our choice falls on him." 5112:

Washington Despatches, 1941–1945: Weekly Political Reports from the British Embassy

4078: 3877: 3691:"Italians have a rotten choice to make, but it is time to sack Silvio Berlusconi." 2954: 1484: 1330: 781: 718: 599: 509: 474: 449: 209: 109: 48: 4322: 4169: 3126:"After a quarter-century of drift Nicolas Sarkozy offers the best hope of reform" 7345: 7316: 4822: 4725: 4567: 4043: 3854: 3781: 3721: 3260: 3235: 3179: 3121: 2830: 2388: 1697:"We are not confident that it will be proved, but we would like to see it tried. 1150: 611: 532: 464: 454: 444: 353: 232: 143: 94: 1329:. In 1997 it wrote that the United States showed 'dangerous signs' of using the 7377: 7363: 4478: 4194: 3806: 3615: 3487: 3283: 3098: 3025: 2977: 2972: 2906: 2883: 2688: 2507: 2257: 2239: 1322: 1197:

were besieged by U.S. press calling for an official reaction to the editorial.

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a touchstone of their editorial stance. Its core stance has been summarized by

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outweighs the economic consequences of insuring against global warming now.

7420: 6063:"The only man who can stop Jair Bolsonaro from becoming Brazil's president" 4768: 4721: 4447: 4404: 3991: 3686: 3638: 3519: 2576: 2353: 2318: 2168: 2059: 1659: 1556: 1451: 1400:

uses its pages to endorse candidates and parties ahead of major elections.

1326: 1237:

was right: the research is what science is about, and has led us somewhere.

1115: 1108: 914: 750: 687: 678: 514: 411: 159: 104: 5321:

Volume 393 Number 8653 (17 October 2009) (The Economist Newspaper Limited)

2911:"Those daring Canadians: And why they should vote Conservative this time" 721:

is the paper's historical position.' That is as true today as when former

6993: 6975: 6799: 6623: 6454: 6366: 6348: 6243: 6207: 4631: 4621: 4612: 4602: 4574:, "Why Londoners should vote for Ken Livingstone, despite his many flaws" 4008: 3943: 3755: 3590: 3439: 2628: 1706: 1623:"If they want the resolution that they will win through one day ... then 1264: 1222: 742: 552: 310: 305: 285: 134: 4700:

Some of these might not be considered official endorsements but express

4359:"We warmly endorse Kemal Kilicdaroglu as the next president of Turkey." 1225:"affair" was "exactly what science should be about." Science journalist 606: 6854:"If Turkey sacks its strongman, democrats everywhere should take heart" 6491:"Under Narendra Modi, India's ruling party poses a threat to democracy" 5742: 4409: 3174: 2663: 2283: 2026: 1993: 1865: 1801: 1168: 1154:

had a headline article "British Frankness Has Good Effect in U.S." The

1088: 789: 673: 383: 280: 242: 139: 56: 34: 26: 7285: 4279: 4209: 656:

has been developed to further its founding purpose to "take part in a

7384: 4832: 4828: 4646: 3960: 3912: 3573: 2611: 2541: 2490: 2423: 665: 290: 89: 5308:

Volume 393 Number 8660 (2009-12-5) (The Economist Newspaper Limited)

5109: 4222:"The best outcome would be the re-election of Recep Tayyip Erdogan" 1148:

The result was a media sensation on both sides of the Atlantic. The

6096:"Win or lose, Jair Bolsonaro poses a threat to Brazilian democracy" 5903:"Argentina's election result is the worst of all possible outcomes" 2960: 2835:"Fernando Haddad is more temperate than his fire-breathing rival." 2203: 1342:

declared its view that the risk of catastrophic climate change and

1233:

It seems almost laughably naive in light of what followed, but the

793: 368: 214: 6509:"Jokowi, the better candidate, is leading in Indonesia's election" 5272: 4980:

Juan Díez Medrano (2003). "Journalists and European Integration".

770:

In its early years under James Wilson the newspaper took a strong

4836: 3860: 3754:

The editorial called for a coalition between the centre-left and

3376: 3278: 3266: 1489:"The Tories deserve a vote, if not of confidence, then of hope." 582: 4560:, though the newspaper was strongly opposed to the recall itself 4439: 4396: 4327:"On balance, Muharrem Ince, a former teacher who now represents 941:

went through all three of these phases as well, although unlike

876: 6280:"Electoral victory will make France's president a potent force" 5069: 4484: 4200: 3812: 3621: 3104: 2889: 2694: 669: 657: 594: 5246: 2295:"The incompetent George W. Bush or the incoherent John Kerry" 865:

This change in editorial stance reflected a similar change in

776:

stance, opposing the provision of aid to the Irish during the

4244: 4109: 3669: 3470: 3056: 3008: 1001:

institutions were taken as models for the nineteenth century.

820:

policies. In January 1883, for example, one editorial noted:

4720:

In its 20 May 1950 edition, the newspaper remarked that the

4696:, calling it a "fiscally irresponsible left-wing wish list". 2800:"Voters should ditch Dilma Rousseff and elect Aécio Neves." 7263: 3496:, if it had a vote, would plump for Mr Singh's Congress." 7125:"The Brexit briefs: Our guide to Britain's EU referendum" 6908:"Zambia's election is crucial, but it's not a fair fight" 4824:

Daniel O'Connell, the British Press, and the Irish Famine

761:, as well as—most recently—gun control and gay marriage." 6606:"Italy goes to the polls with bleak electoral prospects" 6262:"A consequential choice for France—and an uncertain one" 4820: 4666:

2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum

757:

from its earliest days, while favoring penal reform and

6710:"To stop the rot in South Africa, back Cyril Ramaphosa" 6175:"Chile's voters are on the verge of a terrible mistake" 2083: 701:

website featured this note about its editorial stance:

6411:"Why Angela Merkel deserves to win Germany's election" 5691:"Keir Starmer should be Britain's next prime minister" 3240:"Mr Macron still has our vote. But he needs company" 7232:"Voters should reject Chile's new draft constitution" 2744:

Described him as the most market-friendly candidate.

2427: 2392: 2357: 2322: 2287: 2244: 2207: 2172: 2117: 753:, and espoused a variety of liberal causes: opposing 6764:"More political paralysis will not serve Spain well" 6660:"Nigeria desperately needs a new kind of leadership" 6150:"The faulty front-runners for Colombia's presidency" 1285:

1995 NATO bombing campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina

1172:), and "U.S. Comment on British Touchiness" (in the 937:"Denial", "Grudging Acceptance", and "Embrace". The 933:. Up to the late 1950s, the paper was pro-American. 873:

as a practical philosophy some 50 years beforehand.

650:

Since its founding in 1843, the editorial stance of

41:) represent the newspaper's foundational beliefs of 4984:. Princeton University Press. pp. 128 et seq. 4546:

would shudder and pull the lever for Mr. Bloomberg"

2934:"Why Stephen Harper does not deserve to be dumped" 1035:

number to think of themselves as Europeans as well.

7206:"Chile's momentous referendum on its constitution" 6836:"Turkey's president deserves to lose on June 24th" 4839:: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. pp. 101, 152–153. 3078:"A Muslim Brother is better than a Mubarak crony" 2633:Had opposed Howard's bid for a third term in 2001 6385:"The German election: One woman to rule them all" 5094: 5009: 4979: 4927: 4738:It was re-printed in the 8 January 1945 issue of 717:still likes to think of itself as belonging. The 7493: 5371:"To err is human; so is the failure to admit it" 4932:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 117–118. 5640:"The middle has fallen out of British politics" 5110:Herbert George Nicholas; Isaiah Berlin (1981). 4680:: opposed the proposed new constitutional law. 4674:: opposed the proposed new constitutional law. 807: 7301: 7268:. Oxford University Press. pp. 187–188. 5334:(2003-7-17) (The Economist Newspaper Limited) 5171: 5099:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. p. 261. 5012:Hitler's Last Gamble: The Battle of the Bulge 4755: 4643:Democratic Party presidential primaries, 2020 4628:Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016 1336:2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference 981:, in 1963 provoked an outraged response from 877:United Kingdom's entry into the Common Market 664:to muster support for abolishing the British 631: 7154:"Why Italy should vote no in its referendum" 5225:(2009-3-5) (The Economist Newspaper Limited) 5070:David Thomson; E. Meyer; Asa Briggs (2003). 5039: 4668:: supported remaining in the European Union. 4331:'s old party, the CHP, is the best option." 4257:"Turkey's election: One for the opposition" 1403: 844:In September 1883, another editorial noted: 812:In the 19th century the editorial stance of 16:Editorial stance of English news publication 6800:"Turkey's election: One for the opposition" 5005: 5003: 5001: 4821:Williams, Leslie; Williams, W.H.A. (2003). 2581:"The least bad outcome to hope for is that 2454: 1095: 379:Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership 7308: 7294: 4975: 4973: 4971: 4969: 4814: 4618:2015 Liberal Democrats leadership election 913:Initially, in the years immediately after 869:itself, which had set aside the notion of 725:editor Geoffrey Crowther said it in 1955. 638: 624: 5719: 5717: 5715: 5713: 5711: 5634: 5632: 5133: 5131: 4967: 4965: 4963: 4961: 4959: 4957: 4955: 4953: 4951: 4949: 4923: 4921: 4919: 4917: 4915: 4871:. Cambridge University Press. p. 1. 6244:"The rather dangerous Monsieur Hollande" 5167: 5165: 5163: 5114:. Weidenfeld and Nicolson. p. 494. 4998: 4885: 4867:Ó Gráda, Cormac (1995). "Introduction". 713:believe in? 'It is to the Radicals that 20: 7315: 5035: 5033: 5031: 5029: 5027: 5025: 5023: 5021: 5014:. New York: Schocken Books. p. 92. 4894:"Liberalism According to The Economist" 4891: 4866: 4764:"Economist thrives on female intuition" 7494: 6527:"Israel's election: Bibi's a bad deal" 5708: 5658:"Britain's nightmare before Christmas" 5629: 5128: 5065: 5063: 5061: 4946: 4912: 4678:2017 Turkish constitutional referendum 4672:2016 Italian constitutional referendum 1294: 957:exemplified by a July 1962 editorial: 334:Association of Southeast Asian Nations 7289: 7180:"Turkey is sliding into dictatorship" 6642:"Nigeria's election: The Least Awful" 5330:"The case for war – revisited", 5160: 5097:The New international year book, 1944 4761: 4660:2014 Scottish independence referendum 4497:United Party for National Development 1349: 5761:"The incompetent or the incoherent?" 5157:), p. 51 (Phoenix:Oryx Press, 1997). 5018: 2084:United States presidential elections 7012:"Liz Kendall's high-stakes workout" 5058: 4892:Mishara, Pankaj (4 November 2019). 4532:2001 New York City mayoral election 1364: 1186:government circles. Both President 374:North American Free Trade Agreement 13: 7458:Business International Corporation 4592: 4525: 1359:ISAF/NATO operation in Afghanistan 682:as a "trusted three-card trick of 563:Criticism of intellectual property 339:Bank for International Settlements 14: 7513: 5988: 4713: 3825:Institutional Revolutionary Party 2256:, if it had a vote, would choose 1901:"There is no alternative (alas)" 1709:, as "the choice for the timid." 1325:. In 1987 the paper called for a 1313: 919:European Coal and Steel Community 7476: 7475: 7257: 7224: 7198: 7172: 7146: 7117: 7091: 7058: 7040: 7022: 7004: 6986: 6968: 6950: 6932: 6914: 6900: 6882: 6864: 6846: 6828: 6473:"Can anyone stop Narendra Modi?" 6012:"Second round, second thoughts?" 5885:"Breaking the spell of Peronism" 5576:"There is no alternative (alas)" 4762:Stern, Stefan (21 August 2005). 4690:2022 Chilean national plebiscite 4684:2020 Chilean national plebiscite 4609:Labour leadership election, 2015 4512: 4477: 4464: 4421: 4378: 4365: 4337: 4298: 4263: 4228: 4193: 4180: 4145: 4102: 4089: 4054: 4019: 3984: 3971: 3936: 3923: 3888: 3853: 3840: 3805: 3792: 3764: 3732: 3697: 3662: 3649: 3614: 3601: 3566: 3553: 3530: 3502: 3463: 3450: 3415: 3392: 3357: 3322: 3294: 3259: 3246: 3218: 3190: 3155: 3132: 3097: 3084: 3049: 3036: 3001: 2988: 2953: 2940: 2917: 2882: 2869: 2841: 2806: 2778: 2750: 2722: 2687: 2674: 2639: 2604: 2591: 2552: 2522: 2483: 2441: 2406: 2371: 2336: 2301: 2266: 2221: 2186: 2131: 2070: 2037: 2004: 1971: 1940: 1907: 1876: 1843: 1812: 1779: 1746: 1715: 1670: 1633: 1598: 1567: 1534: 1495: 1462: 1310:in several countries worldwide. 1302:has, since 1989, argued for the 931:European Atomic Energy Community 668:(1815–1846), a system of import 605: 593: 581: 316:Economic liberalization in India 7437:Walter Layton, 1st Baron Layton 6810: 6792: 6774: 6756: 6738: 6720: 6702: 6692:"Time to ditch Mandela's party" 6684: 6670: 6652: 6634: 6616: 6598: 6573: 6555: 6537: 6519: 6501: 6483: 6465: 6447: 6437:"The mess Merkel leaves behind" 6429: 6403: 6377: 6359: 6341: 6323: 6290: 6272: 6254: 6236: 6218: 6200: 6167: 6142: 6124: 6106: 6088: 6055: 6037: 6004: 5982: 5949: 5931: 5913: 5895: 5877: 5859: 5833: 5807: 5789: 5771: 5753: 5735: 5683: 5650: 5611: 5586: 5568: 5550: 5532: 5520: 5508: 5496: 5484: 5472: 5460: 5448: 5436: 5424: 5412: 5400: 5388: 5363: 5337: 5324: 5311: 5298: 5228: 5215: 5190: 5139:13 Things That Don't Make Sense 5103: 5088: 5042:Recasting the Imperial Far East 4731: 4686:: supported a new constitution. 4599:2008 Kadima leadership election 1391: 977:The veto of the UK's entry, by 205:Structural Adjustment Programme 7266:Britain for and against Europe 5725:"US presidential endorsements" 5174:Neo-medievalism and Civil Wars 4860: 4784: 4653: 1321:supports government action on 1247: 1212: 1006:"Breaking out from the Past", 828:is no longer in the ascendant. 765: 1: 5221:"How to stop the drug wars", 5176:. Routledge. pp. 58–60. 4748: 4715: 816:drifted away from supporting 6818:"Why Turks should vote Kurd" 6563:"A Leopard, spots unchanged" 5867:"Cleaning up after Cristina" 5619:"Who should govern Britain?" 5481:, 5 October 1979, pp. 14, 15 4707: 4578:2012 London mayoral election 4564:2004 London mayoral election 1837:"Labour doesn't deserve it" 359:Greater Arab Free Trade Area 301:Positive non-interventionism 7: 7411:Economist Corporate Network 7406:Economist Intelligence Unit 5594:"Who should govern Britain" 5540:"Labour doesn't deserve it" 5493:, 28 April 1979, pp. 15, 17 5236:"The right way to do drugs" 5044:. East Gate. pp. 6–8. 4733: 2158:No endorsement, "Oh dear!" 927:European Economic Community 885:on the UK's entry into the 808:19th-century social reforms 798:Railway Regulation Act 1844 745:. But it has also endorsed 707:free trade and free markets 364:International Monetary Fund 10: 7518: 7399:Subsidiaries and divisions 7030:"The battle for the ruins" 6728:"How to save South Africa" 5921:"John Howard reconsidered" 5198:"Hooked on just saying no" 5095:Frank Moore Colby (1945). 5074:. Routledge. p. 354. 5010:Jacques Nobecourt (1967). 4662:: opposed to independence. 2624:Liberal-National coalition 2512:"It will not happen under 923:European Defence Community 185:Public–private partnership 7471: 7463:Global Liveability Survey 7450: 7429: 7398: 7355: 7330: 7323: 7099:"Don't leave us this way" 6746:"¡Feliz Navidad, España!" 6045:"Why Brazil needs change" 5433:, 10 October 1964, p. 115 5397:, 4 February 1950, p. 243 5304:"The Copenhagen Summit", 4694:proposed new Constitution 4441: 4398: 4376: 4316: 4314: 4281: 4246: 4211: 4191: 4100: 4039:African National Congress 3982: 3873:All Progressives Congress 3851: 3715: 3713: 3660: 3518: 3481: 3479: 3461: 3380: 3375: 3373: 3277: 3275: 3257: 3173: 3171: 3120: 3115: 3113: 3095: 2905: 2900: 2898: 2880: 2824: 2822: 2712:Fernando Henrique Cardoso 2705: 2703: 2685: 2602: 2506: 2481: 2467: 2429: 2394: 2359: 2324: 2289: 2246: 2209: 2174: 2157: 2147: 2119: 2096: 1424: 1404:British general elections 1344:its effect on the economy 1327:price on carbon emissions 889:, like the stance of the 780:, proposing instead that 130:Foreign direct investment 6455:"India's jumbo election" 6114:"Those daring Canadians" 5841:"Why it has to be Biden" 5445:, 26 March 1966, p. 1205 5254:"Sharing the greenhouse" 3483:Indian National Congress 2455:Other national elections 1413:British general election 1411:has endorsed a party at 1308:legalisation of cannabis 1204:s lead. Even the London 1096:Anglo-American relations 1086:with its then policy of 881:The editorial stance of 548:Authoritarian capitalism 389:World Trade Organization 120:Economic interdependence 7371:Congressional Quarterly 6922:"Goodbye, Rudy Tuesday" 6782:"Of mullahs and majors" 5991:"O BRASIL NA ECONOMIST" 5957:"Brazil's steady nerve" 5421:, 3 October 1959, p. 19 5072:Patterns of Peacemaking 3758:'s centrist coalition. 1625:there is no alternative 1221:editorialized that the 1166:) "Cross Talk" (in the 1163:New York Herald Tribune 1024:Commonwealth of Nations 966:"Europe or Atlantis?", 741:. It has supported the 558:Criticism of capitalism 125:Economic liberalization 6940:"Has it come to this?" 6208:"Vote for the Brother" 5280:"A heated controversy" 4869:The great Irish famine 4550:2003 California recall 1396:Like many newspapers, 1245: 1146: 1071: 1049: 1015: 975: 863: 842: 833:"The New Radicalism", 763: 672:, the weekly has made 60: 6994:"Give Livni a chance" 6872:"The vultures gather" 6581:"Who can save Italy?" 5815:"America's best hope" 5529:, 4 April 1992, p. 16 5409:, 21 May 1955, p. 645 5040:Lanxin Xiang (1995). 4554:Arnold Schwarzenegger 1374:2003 invasion of Iraq 1304:legalisation of drugs 1231: 1129: 1100:Whilst, as observed, 1054: 1032: 1017:In subsequent years, 994: 988:Soon after the veto, 959: 846: 822: 703: 588:Capitalism portal 568:Market fundamentalism 344:European Central Bank 175:Mundell–Fleming model 155:Intellectual property 24: 7048:"Time to fire Trump" 7000:. 11 September 2008. 6624:"Back to the future" 6443:. 25 September 2021. 6355:. 15 September 2005. 6337:. 19 September 2002. 6298:"Why Macron matters" 6181:. 20 November 2021. 5927:. 30 September 2004. 5517:, 6 June 1987, p. 14 5505:, 4 June 1983, p. 12 5457:, 6 June 1970, p. 11 4704:view on the matter. 4218:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan 3288:"Time for a change" 3021:Christian Democratic 1279:Simms characterizes 1255:summarily dismissed 743:Americans in Vietnam 600:Economics portal 422:Adam Smith Institute 417:World Economic Forum 407:Mont Pelerin Society 115:Economic integration 7317:The Economist Group 6752:. 19 December 2015. 6678:"Fatal distraction" 6666:. 16 February 2023. 6545:"Basta, Berlusconi" 6391:. 14 September 2013 6373:. 7 September 2009. 6349:"Time for a change" 6331:"Time for a change" 6102:. 8 September 2022. 6069:. 20 October 2018. 6018:. 21 October 2010. 5558:"Vote conservative" 5345:"Mugged by reality" 5242:. 13 February 2016. 4802:on 28 February 2009 4741:The Daily Telegraph 4288:Selahattin Demirtaş 4074:Democratic Alliance 4004:Democratic Alliance 3069:Freedom and Justice 2503:Republican Proposal 1295:Drug liberalization 1175:Manchester Guardian 1137:"Noble Negatives", 860:, 29 September 1883 612:Politics portal 543:Alter-globalization 276:Fiscal conservatism 25:Scottish economist 6976:"A capital choice" 6958:"A capital choice" 6928:. 1 November 2001. 6896:. 3 November 2018. 6878:. 2 November 2006. 6648:. 7 February 2015. 6417:. 9 September 2017 6120:. 19 January 2006. 6051:. 18 October 2014. 5963:. 8 October 1998. 5909:. 23 October 2023. 5891:. 21 October 2017. 5873:. 24 October 2015. 5803:. 3 November 2012. 5785:. 30 October 2008. 5767:. 28 October 2004. 5749:. 2 November 2000. 5731:. 28 October 2008. 5469:, 23 February 1974 4502:Hakainde Hichilema 4355:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu 4253:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu 3830:Enrique Peña Nieto 3750:Pier Luigi Bersani 1737:Margaret Thatcher 1350:War in Afghanistan 1192:Secretary of State 1143:, 30 December 1944 1073:It pointed to the 802:Factories Act 1847 786:anti-protectionism 755:capital punishment 538:Anti-globalization 61: 33:) and philosopher 7489: 7488: 7416:Capitol Advantage 7394: 7393: 7212:. 24 October 2020 7066:"Joe Biden redux" 6946:. 2 October 2003. 6890:"America Divided" 6367:"Set Angela Free" 6226:"France's chance" 6138:. 9 October 2008. 6132:"The fear factor" 5945:. 31 August 2013. 5847:. 29 October 2020 5821:. 5 November 2016 5147:978-1-60751-666-8 5137:Michael Brooks, " 4536:Michael Bloomberg 4523: 4522: 3347:Guido Westerwelle 2471:Leader/Candidate 2452: 2451: 2081: 2080: 2023:Liberal Democrat 1990:Liberal Democrat 1769:Margaret Thatcher 1693:Margaret Thatcher 1524:"It does seem to 1046:, 14 October 1967 979:Charles de Gaulle 839:, 20 January 1883 739:Margaret Thatcher 648: 647: 490:Yasuhiro Nakasone 480:Margaret Thatcher 470:James M. Buchanan 100:Denationalization 7509: 7479: 7478: 7328: 7327: 7310: 7303: 7296: 7287: 7286: 7280: 7279: 7261: 7255: 7254: 7252: 7250: 7228: 7222: 7221: 7219: 7217: 7202: 7196: 7195: 7193: 7191: 7176: 7170: 7169: 7167: 7165: 7150: 7144: 7143: 7141: 7139: 7129: 7121: 7115: 7114: 7112: 7110: 7095: 7089: 7088: 7086: 7084: 7062: 7056: 7055: 7044: 7038: 7037: 7026: 7020: 7019: 7008: 7002: 7001: 6990: 6984: 6983: 6982:. 26 April 2012. 6972: 6966: 6965: 6954: 6948: 6947: 6936: 6930: 6929: 6918: 6912: 6911: 6910:. 7 August 2021. 6904: 6898: 6897: 6886: 6880: 6879: 6868: 6862: 6861: 6850: 6844: 6843: 6832: 6826: 6825: 6814: 6808: 6807: 6796: 6790: 6789: 6778: 6772: 6771: 6770:. 17 April 2019. 6760: 6754: 6753: 6742: 6736: 6735: 6724: 6718: 6717: 6716:. 24 April 2019. 6706: 6700: 6699: 6688: 6682: 6681: 6680:. 30 April 2016. 6674: 6668: 6667: 6656: 6650: 6649: 6638: 6632: 6631: 6620: 6614: 6613: 6602: 6596: 6595: 6593: 6591: 6577: 6571: 6570: 6559: 6553: 6552: 6541: 6535: 6534: 6533:. 14 March 2015. 6523: 6517: 6516: 6515:. 11 April 2019. 6505: 6499: 6498: 6487: 6481: 6480: 6469: 6463: 6462: 6461:. 16 April 2009. 6451: 6445: 6444: 6433: 6427: 6426: 6424: 6422: 6407: 6401: 6400: 6398: 6396: 6381: 6375: 6374: 6363: 6357: 6356: 6345: 6339: 6338: 6327: 6321: 6320: 6318: 6316: 6304:. 9 April 2022. 6294: 6288: 6287: 6276: 6270: 6269: 6268:. 22 April 2017. 6258: 6252: 6251: 6250:. 26 April 2012. 6240: 6234: 6233: 6232:. 12 April 2007. 6222: 6216: 6215: 6204: 6198: 6197: 6195: 6193: 6171: 6165: 6164: 6162: 6160: 6146: 6140: 6139: 6128: 6122: 6121: 6110: 6104: 6103: 6092: 6086: 6085: 6083: 6081: 6059: 6053: 6052: 6041: 6035: 6034: 6032: 6030: 6008: 6002: 6001: 5995: 5986: 5980: 5979: 5977: 5975: 5953: 5947: 5946: 5935: 5929: 5928: 5917: 5911: 5910: 5899: 5893: 5892: 5881: 5875: 5874: 5863: 5857: 5856: 5854: 5852: 5837: 5831: 5830: 5828: 5826: 5811: 5805: 5804: 5793: 5787: 5786: 5775: 5769: 5768: 5757: 5751: 5750: 5739: 5733: 5732: 5721: 5706: 5705: 5703: 5701: 5687: 5681: 5680: 5678: 5676: 5654: 5648: 5647: 5636: 5627: 5626: 5615: 5609: 5608: 5606: 5604: 5590: 5584: 5583: 5582:. 28 April 2005. 5572: 5566: 5565: 5554: 5548: 5547: 5546:. 24 April 1997. 5536: 5530: 5524: 5518: 5512: 5506: 5500: 5494: 5488: 5482: 5476: 5470: 5464: 5458: 5452: 5446: 5440: 5434: 5428: 5422: 5416: 5410: 5404: 5398: 5392: 5386: 5385: 5383: 5381: 5367: 5361: 5360: 5358: 5356: 5341: 5335: 5328: 5322: 5315: 5309: 5302: 5296: 5295: 5293: 5291: 5286:. 13 August 1998 5276: 5270: 5269: 5267: 5265: 5260:. 9 October 1997 5250: 5244: 5243: 5232: 5226: 5219: 5213: 5212: 5210: 5208: 5194: 5188: 5187: 5169: 5158: 5135: 5126: 5125: 5107: 5101: 5100: 5092: 5086: 5085: 5067: 5056: 5055: 5037: 5016: 5015: 5007: 4996: 4995: 4977: 4944: 4943: 4925: 4910: 4909: 4907: 4905: 4889: 4883: 4882: 4864: 4858: 4857: 4855: 4853: 4818: 4812: 4811: 4809: 4807: 4798:. Archived from 4788: 4782: 4781: 4779: 4777: 4759: 4737: 4719: 4519: 4516: 4515: 4482: 4481: 4471: 4468: 4467: 4428: 4425: 4424: 4383: 4382: 4372: 4369: 4368: 4344: 4341: 4340: 4305: 4302: 4301: 4270: 4267: 4266: 4235: 4232: 4231: 4198: 4197: 4187: 4184: 4183: 4152: 4149: 4148: 4107: 4106: 4096: 4093: 4092: 4079:John Steenhuisen 4061: 4058: 4057: 4026: 4023: 4022: 3989: 3988: 3978: 3975: 3974: 3941: 3940: 3930: 3927: 3926: 3895: 3892: 3891: 3878:Muhammadu Buhari 3858: 3857: 3847: 3844: 3843: 3810: 3809: 3799: 3796: 3795: 3771: 3768: 3767: 3739: 3736: 3735: 3717:Democratic Party 3704: 3701: 3700: 3667: 3666: 3656: 3653: 3652: 3619: 3618: 3608: 3605: 3604: 3571: 3570: 3560: 3557: 3556: 3537: 3534: 3533: 3509: 3506: 3505: 3468: 3467: 3457: 3454: 3453: 3422: 3419: 3418: 3399: 3396: 3395: 3364: 3361: 3360: 3329: 3326: 3325: 3301: 3298: 3297: 3264: 3263: 3253: 3250: 3249: 3225: 3222: 3221: 3208:Édouard Philippe 3197: 3194: 3193: 3162: 3159: 3158: 3139: 3136: 3135: 3102: 3101: 3091: 3088: 3087: 3054: 3053: 3043: 3040: 3039: 3006: 3005: 2995: 2992: 2991: 2973:Civic Compromise 2958: 2957: 2947: 2944: 2943: 2924: 2921: 2920: 2887: 2886: 2876: 2873: 2872: 2848: 2845: 2844: 2813: 2810: 2809: 2785: 2782: 2781: 2757: 2754: 2753: 2729: 2726: 2725: 2692: 2691: 2681: 2678: 2677: 2646: 2643: 2642: 2609: 2608: 2598: 2595: 2594: 2572:Liberty Advances 2559: 2556: 2555: 2529: 2526: 2525: 2488: 2487: 2459: 2458: 2448: 2445: 2444: 2413: 2410: 2409: 2378: 2375: 2374: 2343: 2340: 2339: 2308: 2305: 2304: 2273: 2270: 2269: 2242: 2228: 2225: 2224: 2193: 2190: 2189: 2138: 2135: 2134: 2088: 2087: 2077: 2074: 2073: 2044: 2041: 2040: 2011: 2008: 2007: 1978: 1975: 1974: 1947: 1944: 1943: 1914: 1911: 1910: 1883: 1880: 1879: 1850: 1847: 1846: 1819: 1816: 1815: 1786: 1783: 1782: 1770: 1753: 1750: 1749: 1722: 1719: 1718: 1677: 1674: 1673: 1651: 1640: 1637: 1636: 1605: 1602: 1601: 1574: 1571: 1570: 1541: 1538: 1537: 1502: 1499: 1498: 1485:Harold Macmillan 1469: 1466: 1465: 1452:Sir Anthony Eden 1419: 1418: 1365:Invasion of Iraq 1331:developing world 1274: 1243: 1144: 1106: 1069: 1047: 1013: 973: 867:British politics 861: 840: 782:self-sufficiency 640: 633: 626: 610: 609: 598: 597: 586: 585: 510:Alberto Fujimori 505:Hernando de Soto 475:Augusto Pinochet 450:Ludwig von Mises 210:Supranationalism 110:Economic freedom 63: 62: 49:self-sufficiency 7517: 7516: 7512: 7511: 7510: 7508: 7507: 7506: 7492: 7491: 7490: 7485: 7467: 7446: 7425: 7390: 7351: 7319: 7314: 7284: 7283: 7276: 7262: 7258: 7248: 7246: 7230: 7229: 7225: 7215: 7213: 7204: 7203: 7199: 7189: 7187: 7178: 7177: 7173: 7163: 7161: 7160:. November 2016 7152: 7151: 7147: 7137: 7135: 7127: 7123: 7122: 7118: 7108: 7106: 7097: 7096: 7092: 7082: 7080: 7064: 7063: 7059: 7046: 7045: 7041: 7036:. 11 July 2015. 7028: 7027: 7023: 7010: 7009: 7005: 6992: 6991: 6987: 6974: 6973: 6969: 6956: 6955: 6951: 6938: 6937: 6933: 6920: 6919: 6915: 6906: 6905: 6901: 6888: 6887: 6883: 6870: 6869: 6865: 6852: 6851: 6847: 6842:. 21 June 2018. 6834: 6833: 6829: 6816: 6815: 6811: 6798: 6797: 6793: 6788:. 19 July 2007. 6780: 6779: 6775: 6762: 6761: 6757: 6744: 6743: 6739: 6726: 6725: 6721: 6708: 6707: 6703: 6690: 6689: 6685: 6676: 6675: 6671: 6658: 6657: 6653: 6640: 6639: 6635: 6630:. 23 June 2012. 6622: 6621: 6617: 6612:. 1 March 2018. 6604: 6603: 6599: 6589: 6587: 6579: 6578: 6574: 6569:. 3 April 2008. 6561: 6560: 6556: 6551:. 6 April 2006. 6543: 6542: 6538: 6525: 6524: 6520: 6507: 6506: 6502: 6489: 6488: 6484: 6479:. 4 April 2014. 6471: 6470: 6466: 6453: 6452: 6448: 6435: 6434: 6430: 6420: 6418: 6409: 6408: 6404: 6394: 6392: 6383: 6382: 6378: 6365: 6364: 6360: 6347: 6346: 6342: 6329: 6328: 6324: 6314: 6312: 6296: 6295: 6291: 6286:. 15 June 2017. 6278: 6277: 6273: 6260: 6259: 6255: 6242: 6241: 6237: 6224: 6223: 6219: 6214:. 16 June 2012. 6206: 6205: 6201: 6191: 6189: 6173: 6172: 6168: 6158: 6156: 6148: 6147: 6143: 6130: 6129: 6125: 6112: 6111: 6107: 6094: 6093: 6089: 6079: 6077: 6061: 6060: 6056: 6043: 6042: 6038: 6028: 6026: 6010: 6009: 6005: 5993: 5989:Sales, Camila. 5987: 5983: 5973: 5971: 5955: 5954: 5950: 5939:"Lucky no more" 5937: 5936: 5932: 5919: 5918: 5914: 5901: 5900: 5896: 5883: 5882: 5878: 5865: 5864: 5860: 5850: 5848: 5839: 5838: 5834: 5824: 5822: 5813: 5812: 5808: 5795: 5794: 5790: 5777: 5776: 5772: 5759: 5758: 5754: 5741: 5740: 5736: 5723: 5722: 5709: 5699: 5697: 5689: 5688: 5684: 5674: 5672: 5656: 5655: 5651: 5638: 5637: 5630: 5617: 5616: 5612: 5602: 5600: 5592: 5591: 5587: 5574: 5573: 5569: 5556: 5555: 5551: 5538: 5537: 5533: 5525: 5521: 5513: 5509: 5501: 5497: 5489: 5485: 5477: 5473: 5465: 5461: 5453: 5449: 5441: 5437: 5429: 5425: 5417: 5413: 5405: 5401: 5393: 5389: 5379: 5377: 5369: 5368: 5364: 5354: 5352: 5351:. 22 March 2007 5343: 5342: 5338: 5329: 5325: 5317:"Obama's war", 5316: 5312: 5303: 5299: 5289: 5287: 5278: 5277: 5273: 5263: 5261: 5252: 5251: 5247: 5234: 5233: 5229: 5220: 5216: 5206: 5204: 5196: 5195: 5191: 5184: 5170: 5161: 5136: 5129: 5122: 5108: 5104: 5093: 5089: 5082: 5068: 5059: 5052: 5038: 5019: 5008: 4999: 4992: 4978: 4947: 4940: 4926: 4913: 4903: 4901: 4890: 4886: 4879: 4865: 4861: 4851: 4849: 4847: 4819: 4815: 4805: 4803: 4790: 4789: 4785: 4775: 4773: 4760: 4756: 4751: 4726:Konrad Adenauer 4710: 4702:The Economist's 4656: 4595: 4593:Party primaries 4568:Ken Livingstone 4528: 4526:Local elections 4517: 4513: 4483: 4476: 4469: 4465: 4451: 4435: 4426: 4422: 4408: 4392: 4384: 4377: 4370: 4366: 4342: 4338: 4303: 4299: 4268: 4264: 4233: 4229: 4199: 4192: 4185: 4181: 4150: 4146: 4108: 4101: 4094: 4090: 4059: 4055: 4044:Cyril Ramaphosa 4024: 4020: 3990: 3983: 3976: 3972: 3942: 3935: 3928: 3924: 3893: 3889: 3859: 3852: 3845: 3841: 3811: 3804: 3797: 3793: 3782:Paolo Gentiloni 3769: 3765: 3737: 3733: 3722:Walter Veltroni 3702: 3698: 3668: 3661: 3654: 3650: 3620: 3613: 3606: 3602: 3572: 3565: 3558: 3554: 3535: 3531: 3507: 3503: 3469: 3462: 3455: 3451: 3420: 3416: 3397: 3393: 3362: 3358: 3327: 3323: 3299: 3295: 3265: 3258: 3251: 3247: 3236:Emmanuel Macron 3223: 3219: 3195: 3191: 3180:Emmanuel Macron 3160: 3156: 3137: 3133: 3122:Nicolas Sarkozy 3103: 3096: 3089: 3085: 3055: 3048: 3041: 3037: 3007: 3000: 2993: 2989: 2959: 2952: 2945: 2941: 2922: 2918: 2888: 2881: 2874: 2870: 2846: 2842: 2831:Fernando Haddad 2811: 2807: 2783: 2779: 2755: 2751: 2727: 2723: 2693: 2686: 2679: 2675: 2644: 2640: 2610: 2603: 2596: 2592: 2557: 2553: 2527: 2523: 2489: 2482: 2457: 2446: 2442: 2411: 2407: 2389:Hillary Clinton 2376: 2372: 2341: 2337: 2306: 2302: 2271: 2267: 2238: 2226: 2222: 2191: 2187: 2148:No endorsement 2136: 2132: 2086: 2075: 2071: 2042: 2038: 2009: 2005: 1976: 1972: 1945: 1941: 1912: 1908: 1881: 1877: 1848: 1844: 1817: 1813: 1784: 1780: 1768: 1751: 1747: 1720: 1716: 1675: 1671: 1648: 1645: 1638: 1634: 1603: 1599: 1572: 1568: 1539: 1535: 1500: 1496: 1467: 1463: 1406: 1394: 1367: 1352: 1316: 1297: 1272: 1250: 1244: 1241: 1215: 1151:Daily Telegraph 1145: 1136: 1104: 1098: 1070: 1061: 1048: 1039: 1014: 1005: 974: 965: 879: 862: 853: 841: 832: 810: 768: 705:"What, besides 644: 604: 592: 580: 573: 572: 533:Anti-capitalism 528: 520: 519: 465:Milton Friedman 455:Walter Lippmann 445:Friedrich Hayek 440: 432: 431: 402: 394: 393: 354:Federal Reserve 329: 321: 320: 271: 263: 262: 233:Austrian School 228: 220: 219: 190:School vouchers 95:Balanced budget 85: 68:politics series 17: 12: 11: 5: 7515: 7505: 7504: 7487: 7486: 7484: 7483: 7472: 7469: 7468: 7466: 7465: 7460: 7454: 7452: 7448: 7447: 7445: 7444: 7439: 7433: 7431: 7427: 7426: 7424: 7423: 7418: 7413: 7408: 7402: 7400: 7396: 7395: 7392: 7391: 7389: 7388: 7381: 7378:European Voice 7374: 7367: 7359: 7357: 7353: 7352: 7350: 7349: 7342: 7334: 7332: 7325: 7321: 7320: 7313: 7312: 7305: 7298: 7290: 7282: 7281: 7274: 7256: 7223: 7197: 7171: 7145: 7116: 7105:. 11 July 2014 7090: 7057: 7039: 7021: 7018:. 30 May 2015. 7003: 6985: 6967: 6964:. 3 June 2004. 6949: 6931: 6913: 6899: 6881: 6863: 6845: 6827: 6824:. 30 May 2015. 6809: 6806:. 2 June 2011. 6791: 6773: 6755: 6737: 6734:. 23 May 2024. 6719: 6701: 6683: 6669: 6651: 6633: 6615: 6597: 6572: 6554: 6536: 6518: 6500: 6482: 6464: 6446: 6428: 6402: 6376: 6358: 6340: 6322: 6289: 6271: 6253: 6235: 6217: 6199: 6166: 6141: 6123: 6105: 6087: 6054: 6036: 6003: 5981: 5948: 5930: 5912: 5894: 5876: 5858: 5832: 5806: 5788: 5770: 5752: 5734: 5707: 5682: 5649: 5646:. 1 June 2017. 5628: 5610: 5585: 5567: 5564:. 31 May 2001. 5549: 5531: 5519: 5507: 5495: 5483: 5471: 5459: 5447: 5435: 5423: 5411: 5399: 5387: 5362: 5336: 5323: 5310: 5297: 5271: 5245: 5227: 5214: 5189: 5182: 5159: 5127: 5120: 5102: 5087: 5080: 5057: 5050: 5017: 4997: 4990: 4945: 4938: 4911: 4898:The New Yorker 4884: 4877: 4859: 4845: 4813: 4783: 4753: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4746: 4745: 4729: 4709: 4706: 4698: 4697: 4692:: opposed the 4687: 4681: 4675: 4669: 4663: 4655: 4652: 4651: 4650: 4640: 4625: 4615: 4606: 4594: 4591: 4590: 4589: 4575: 4561: 4547: 4527: 4524: 4521: 4520: 4507: 4504: 4499: 4494: 4492: 4487: 4473: 4472: 4459: 4456: 4445: 4440: 4438: 4430: 4429: 4416: 4413: 4402: 4397: 4395: 4388: 4374: 4373: 4360: 4357: 4352: 4346: 4345: 4332: 4325: 4320: 4315: 4313: 4307: 4306: 4293: 4290: 4285: 4280: 4278: 4272: 4271: 4258: 4255: 4250: 4245: 4243: 4237: 4236: 4223: 4220: 4215: 4210: 4208: 4203: 4189: 4188: 4175: 4172: 4167: 4162: 4160: 4154: 4153: 4140: 4137:People's Party 4129: 4124: 4119: 4117: 4112: 4098: 4097: 4084: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4069: 4063: 4062: 4049: 4046: 4041: 4036: 4034: 4028: 4027: 4014: 4011: 4006: 4001: 3999: 3994: 3980: 3979: 3966: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3951: 3946: 3932: 3931: 3918: 3915: 3910: 3905: 3903: 3897: 3896: 3883: 3880: 3875: 3870: 3868: 3863: 3849: 3848: 3835: 3832: 3827: 3822: 3820: 3815: 3801: 3800: 3787: 3784: 3779: 3773: 3772: 3759: 3752: 3747: 3741: 3740: 3727: 3724: 3719: 3714: 3712: 3706: 3705: 3692: 3689: 3684: 3679: 3677: 3672: 3658: 3657: 3644: 3641: 3636: 3631: 3629: 3624: 3610: 3609: 3596: 3593: 3588: 3583: 3581: 3576: 3562: 3561: 3548: 3545: 3539: 3538: 3525: 3522: 3517: 3511: 3510: 3497: 3490: 3488:Manmohan Singh 3485: 3480: 3478: 3473: 3459: 3458: 3445: 3442: 3437: 3432: 3430: 3424: 3423: 3410: 3407: 3401: 3400: 3387: 3384: 3379: 3374: 3372: 3366: 3365: 3352: 3349: 3344: 3339: 3337: 3331: 3330: 3317: 3314: 3309: 3303: 3302: 3289: 3286: 3284:Edmund Stoiber 3281: 3276: 3274: 3269: 3255: 3254: 3241: 3238: 3233: 3227: 3226: 3213: 3210: 3205: 3199: 3198: 3185: 3182: 3177: 3172: 3170: 3164: 3163: 3150: 3147: 3141: 3140: 3127: 3124: 3119: 3114: 3112: 3107: 3093: 3092: 3079: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3064: 3059: 3045: 3044: 3031: 3028: 3026:Yasna Provoste 3023: 3018: 3016: 3011: 2997: 2996: 2983: 2980: 2978:Sergio Fajardo 2975: 2970: 2968: 2963: 2949: 2948: 2935: 2932: 2926: 2925: 2912: 2909: 2907:Stephen Harper 2904: 2899: 2897: 2892: 2878: 2877: 2864: 2861: 2856: 2850: 2849: 2836: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2821: 2815: 2814: 2801: 2798: 2793: 2787: 2786: 2773: 2770: 2765: 2759: 2758: 2745: 2742: 2737: 2731: 2730: 2717: 2714: 2709: 2704: 2702: 2697: 2683: 2682: 2669: 2666: 2661: 2656: 2654: 2648: 2647: 2634: 2631: 2626: 2621: 2619: 2614: 2600: 2599: 2586: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2567: 2561: 2560: 2547: 2544: 2539: 2537: 2531: 2530: 2517: 2510: 2508:Mauricio Macri 2505: 2500: 2498: 2493: 2479: 2478: 2475: 2472: 2469: 2466: 2463: 2456: 2453: 2450: 2449: 2436: 2433: 2428: 2426: 2421: 2415: 2414: 2401: 2398: 2393: 2391: 2386: 2380: 2379: 2366: 2363: 2358: 2356: 2351: 2345: 2344: 2331: 2328: 2323: 2321: 2316: 2310: 2309: 2296: 2293: 2288: 2286: 2281: 2275: 2274: 2261: 2258:George W. Bush 2250: 2245: 2243: 2240:George W. Bush 2236: 2230: 2229: 2216: 2213: 2208: 2206: 2201: 2195: 2194: 2181: 2178: 2173: 2171: 2166: 2160: 2159: 2156: 2150: 2149: 2146: 2140: 2139: 2126: 2123: 2118: 2116: 2111: 2105: 2104: 2101: 2098: 2095: 2092: 2085: 2082: 2079: 2078: 2065: 2062: 2057: 2054: 2052: 2046: 2045: 2032: 2029: 2024: 2021: 2019: 2013: 2012: 1999: 1996: 1991: 1988: 1986: 1980: 1979: 1966: 1963: 1962:David Cameron 1960: 1957: 1955: 1949: 1948: 1935: 1932: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1916: 1915: 1902: 1899: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1885: 1884: 1871: 1868: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1852: 1851: 1838: 1835: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1821: 1820: 1807: 1804: 1799: 1796: 1794: 1788: 1787: 1774: 1771: 1766: 1763: 1761: 1755: 1754: 1741: 1738: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1724: 1723: 1710: 1695: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1679: 1678: 1665: 1662: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1642: 1641: 1628: 1627:to Mr Heath." 1621: 1618: 1615: 1613: 1607: 1606: 1593: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1576: 1575: 1562: 1559: 1554: 1551: 1549: 1543: 1542: 1529: 1522: 1517: 1512: 1510: 1504: 1503: 1490: 1487: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1471: 1470: 1457: 1454: 1449: 1444: 1442: 1436: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1405: 1402: 1393: 1390: 1372:supported the 1366: 1363: 1357:supported the 1351: 1348: 1323:global warming 1315: 1314:Global warming 1312: 1296: 1293: 1249: 1246: 1242:Michael Brooks 1239: 1227:Michael Brooks 1214: 1211: 1183:Foreign Office 1134: 1097: 1094: 1068:, 12 July 1969 1059: 1037: 1003: 990:The Economist' 972:, 14 July 1962 963: 900:The Economist' 878: 875: 851: 830: 809: 806: 767: 764: 759:decolonization 719:extreme centre 692:liberalisation 658:severe contest 646: 645: 643: 642: 635: 628: 620: 617: 616: 615: 614: 602: 590: 575: 574: 571: 570: 565: 560: 555: 550: 545: 540: 535: 529: 527:Related topics 526: 525: 522: 521: 518: 517: 512: 507: 502: 500:Alan Greenspan 497: 492: 487: 482: 477: 472: 467: 462: 457: 452: 447: 441: 438: 437: 434: 433: 430: 429: 424: 419: 414: 409: 403: 400: 399: 396: 395: 392: 391: 386: 381: 376: 371: 366: 361: 356: 351: 349:European Union 346: 341: 336: 330: 327: 326: 323: 322: 319: 318: 313: 308: 303: 298: 293: 288: 283: 278: 272: 269: 268: 265: 264: 261: 260: 255: 250: 245: 240: 238:Chicago School 235: 229: 226: 225: 222: 221: 218: 217: 212: 207: 202: 197: 192: 187: 182: 177: 172: 170:Market economy 167: 162: 157: 152: 147: 137: 132: 127: 122: 117: 112: 107: 102: 97: 92: 86: 83: 82: 79: 78: 72: 71: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7514: 7503: 7502:The Economist 7500: 7499: 7497: 7482: 7474: 7473: 7470: 7464: 7461: 7459: 7456: 7455: 7453: 7449: 7443: 7440: 7438: 7435: 7434: 7432: 7428: 7422: 7419: 7417: 7414: 7412: 7409: 7407: 7404: 7403: 7401: 7397: 7387: 7386: 7382: 7380: 7379: 7375: 7373: 7372: 7368: 7366: 7365: 7361: 7360: 7358: 7354: 7348: 7347: 7343: 7341: 7340: 7339:The Economist 7336: 7335: 7333: 7329: 7326: 7322: 7318: 7311: 7306: 7304: 7299: 7297: 7292: 7291: 7288: 7277: 7275:9780198280781 7271: 7267: 7260: 7245: 7241: 7237: 7236:The Economist 7233: 7227: 7211: 7210:The Economist 7207: 7201: 7185: 7184:The Economist 7181: 7175: 7159: 7158:The Economist 7155: 7149: 7133: 7132:The Economist 7126: 7120: 7104: 7103:The Economist 7100: 7094: 7079: 7075: 7071: 7070:The Economist 7067: 7061: 7053: 7052:economist.com 7049: 7043: 7035: 7034:The Economist 7031: 7025: 7017: 7016:The Economist 7013: 7007: 6999: 6998:The Economist 6995: 6989: 6981: 6980:The Economist 6977: 6971: 6963: 6962:The Economist 6959: 6953: 6945: 6944:The Economist 6941: 6935: 6927: 6926:The Economist 6923: 6917: 6909: 6903: 6895: 6894:The Economist 6891: 6885: 6877: 6876:The Economist 6873: 6867: 6860:. 4 May 2023. 6859: 6858:The Economist 6855: 6849: 6841: 6840:The Economist 6837: 6831: 6823: 6822:The Economist 6819: 6813: 6805: 6804:The Economist 6801: 6795: 6787: 6786:The Economist 6783: 6777: 6769: 6768:The Economist 6765: 6759: 6751: 6750:The Economist 6747: 6741: 6733: 6732:The Economist 6729: 6723: 6715: 6714:The Economist 6711: 6705: 6698:. 1 May 2014. 6697: 6696:The Economist 6693: 6687: 6679: 6673: 6665: 6664:The Economist 6661: 6655: 6647: 6646:The Economist 6643: 6637: 6629: 6628:The Economist 6625: 6619: 6611: 6610:The Economist 6607: 6601: 6586: 6585:The Economist 6582: 6576: 6568: 6567:The Economist 6564: 6558: 6550: 6549:The Economist 6546: 6540: 6532: 6531:The Economist 6528: 6522: 6514: 6513:The Economist 6510: 6504: 6497:. 2 May 2019. 6496: 6495:The Economist 6492: 6486: 6478: 6477:The Economist 6474: 6468: 6460: 6459:The Economist 6456: 6450: 6442: 6441:The Economist 6438: 6432: 6416: 6415:The Economist 6412: 6406: 6390: 6389:The Economist 6386: 6380: 6372: 6371:The Economist 6368: 6362: 6354: 6353:The Economist 6350: 6344: 6336: 6335:The Economist 6332: 6326: 6311: 6307: 6303: 6302:The Economist 6299: 6293: 6285: 6284:The Economist 6281: 6275: 6267: 6266:The Economist 6263: 6257: 6249: 6248:The Economist 6245: 6239: 6231: 6230:The Economist 6227: 6221: 6213: 6212:The Economist 6209: 6203: 6188: 6184: 6180: 6179:The Economist 6176: 6170: 6155: 6154:The Economist 6151: 6145: 6137: 6136:The Economist 6133: 6127: 6119: 6118:The Economist 6115: 6109: 6101: 6100:The Economist 6097: 6091: 6076: 6072: 6068: 6067:The Economist 6064: 6058: 6050: 6049:The Economist 6046: 6040: 6025: 6021: 6017: 6016:The Economist 6013: 6007: 5999: 5992: 5985: 5970: 5966: 5962: 5961:The Economist 5958: 5952: 5944: 5943:The Economist 5940: 5934: 5926: 5925:The Economist 5922: 5916: 5908: 5907:The Economist 5904: 5898: 5890: 5889:The Economist 5886: 5880: 5872: 5871:The Economist 5868: 5862: 5846: 5845:The Economist 5842: 5836: 5820: 5819:The Economist 5816: 5810: 5802: 5801:The Economist 5798: 5792: 5784: 5783:The Economist 5780: 5774: 5766: 5765:The Economist 5762: 5756: 5748: 5747:The Economist 5744: 5743:"Crunch Time" 5738: 5730: 5729:The Economist 5726: 5720: 5718: 5716: 5714: 5712: 5696: 5695:The Economist 5692: 5686: 5671: 5667: 5663: 5662:The Economist 5659: 5653: 5645: 5644:The Economist 5641: 5635: 5633: 5625:. 2 May 2015. 5624: 5623:The Economist 5620: 5614: 5599: 5598:The Economist 5595: 5589: 5581: 5580:The Economist 5577: 5571: 5563: 5562:The Economist 5559: 5553: 5545: 5544:The Economist 5541: 5535: 5528: 5527:The Economist 5523: 5516: 5515:The Economist 5511: 5504: 5503:The Economist 5499: 5492: 5491:The Economist 5487: 5480: 5479:The Economist 5475: 5468: 5467:The Economist 5463: 5456: 5455:The Economist 5451: 5444: 5443:The Economist 5439: 5432: 5431:The Economist 5427: 5420: 5419:The Economist 5415: 5408: 5407:The Economist 5403: 5396: 5395:The Economist 5391: 5376: 5375:The Economist 5372: 5366: 5350: 5349:The Economist 5346: 5340: 5333: 5332:The Economist 5327: 5320: 5319:The Economist 5314: 5307: 5306:The Economist 5301: 5285: 5284:The Economist 5281: 5275: 5259: 5258:The Economist 5255: 5249: 5241: 5240:The Economist 5237: 5231: 5224: 5223:The Economist 5218: 5203: 5202:Economist.com 5199: 5193: 5185: 5183:9780714656687 5179: 5175: 5168: 5166: 5164: 5156: 5155:9780897749701 5152: 5148: 5144: 5140: 5134: 5132: 5123: 5121:9780297779209 5117: 5113: 5106: 5098: 5091: 5083: 5081:9780415175517 5077: 5073: 5066: 5064: 5062: 5053: 5051:1-56324-460-8 5047: 5043: 5036: 5034: 5032: 5030: 5028: 5026: 5024: 5022: 5013: 5006: 5004: 5002: 4993: 4991:9780691116112 4987: 4983: 4976: 4974: 4972: 4970: 4968: 4966: 4964: 4962: 4960: 4958: 4956: 4954: 4952: 4950: 4941: 4939:9780313313059 4935: 4931: 4924: 4922: 4920: 4918: 4916: 4899: 4895: 4888: 4880: 4878:0-521-55787-9 4874: 4870: 4863: 4848: 4846:0-7546-0553-1 4842: 4838: 4834: 4830: 4826: 4825: 4817: 4801: 4797: 4796:Economist.com 4793: 4787: 4771: 4770: 4765: 4758: 4754: 4743: 4742: 4736: 4735: 4730: 4727: 4723: 4718: 4717: 4712: 4711: 4705: 4703: 4695: 4691: 4688: 4685: 4682: 4679: 4676: 4673: 4670: 4667: 4664: 4661: 4658: 4657: 4648: 4644: 4641: 4637: 4636:The Economist 4633: 4629: 4626: 4623: 4619: 4616: 4614: 4610: 4607: 4604: 4600: 4597: 4596: 4587: 4583: 4582:Boris Johnson 4579: 4576: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4562: 4559: 4555: 4551: 4548: 4545: 4544:The Economist 4541: 4537: 4533: 4530: 4529: 4511: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4491: 4488: 4486: 4480: 4475: 4474: 4463: 4460: 4457: 4454: 4453:Chuck Schumer 4449: 4446: 4444: 4437: 4432: 4431: 4420: 4417: 4414: 4411: 4406: 4403: 4401: 4394: 4389: 4387: 4386:United States 4381: 4375: 4364: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4347: 4336: 4333: 4330: 4329:Kemal Ataturk 4326: 4324: 4323:Muharrem İnce 4321: 4319: 4312: 4309: 4308: 4297: 4294: 4291: 4289: 4286: 4284: 4277: 4274: 4273: 4262: 4259: 4256: 4254: 4251: 4249: 4242: 4239: 4238: 4227: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4196: 4190: 4179: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4170:Pedro Sánchez 4168: 4166: 4163: 4161: 4159: 4156: 4155: 4144: 4141: 4138: 4134: 4133:The Economist 4130: 4128: 4127:Albert Rivera 4125: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4105: 4099: 4088: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4068: 4065: 4064: 4053: 4050: 4047: 4045: 4042: 4040: 4037: 4035: 4033: 4030: 4029: 4018: 4015: 4012: 4010: 4007: 4005: 4002: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3993: 3987: 3981: 3970: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3956:Liberal Party 3954: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3939: 3934: 3933: 3922: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3902: 3899: 3898: 3887: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3867: 3864: 3862: 3856: 3850: 3839: 3836: 3833: 3831: 3828: 3826: 3823: 3821: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3808: 3803: 3802: 3791: 3788: 3785: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3774: 3763: 3760: 3757: 3753: 3751: 3748: 3746: 3743: 3742: 3731: 3728: 3725: 3723: 3720: 3718: 3711: 3708: 3707: 3696: 3693: 3690: 3688: 3685: 3683: 3680: 3678: 3676: 3673: 3671: 3665: 3659: 3648: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3634:Zionist Union 3632: 3630: 3628: 3625: 3623: 3617: 3612: 3611: 3600: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3580: 3577: 3575: 3569: 3564: 3563: 3552: 3549: 3546: 3544: 3541: 3540: 3529: 3526: 3523: 3521: 3516: 3513: 3512: 3501: 3498: 3495: 3494:The Economist 3491: 3489: 3486: 3484: 3477: 3474: 3472: 3466: 3460: 3449: 3446: 3443: 3441: 3438: 3436: 3433: 3431: 3429: 3426: 3425: 3414: 3411: 3408: 3406: 3403: 3402: 3391: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3382:Angela Merkel 3378: 3371: 3368: 3367: 3356: 3353: 3350: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3340: 3338: 3336: 3333: 3332: 3321: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3312:Angela Merkel 3310: 3308: 3305: 3304: 3293: 3290: 3287: 3285: 3282: 3280: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3262: 3256: 3245: 3242: 3239: 3237: 3234: 3232: 3229: 3228: 3217: 3214: 3211: 3209: 3206: 3204: 3201: 3200: 3189: 3186: 3183: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3169: 3166: 3165: 3154: 3151: 3148: 3146: 3143: 3142: 3131: 3128: 3125: 3123: 3118: 3111: 3108: 3106: 3100: 3094: 3083: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3074:Mohamed Morsi 3072: 3070: 3067: 3065: 3063: 3060: 3058: 3052: 3047: 3046: 3035: 3032: 3029: 3027: 3024: 3022: 3019: 3017: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3004: 2999: 2998: 2987: 2984: 2981: 2979: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2969: 2967: 2964: 2962: 2956: 2951: 2950: 2939: 2936: 2933: 2931: 2928: 2927: 2916: 2913: 2910: 2908: 2903: 2896: 2893: 2891: 2885: 2879: 2868: 2865: 2862: 2860: 2859:Lula da Silva 2857: 2855: 2852: 2851: 2840: 2837: 2834: 2832: 2829: 2827: 2820: 2817: 2816: 2805: 2802: 2799: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2788: 2777: 2774: 2771: 2769: 2766: 2764: 2761: 2760: 2749: 2746: 2743: 2741: 2738: 2736: 2733: 2732: 2721: 2718: 2715: 2713: 2710: 2708: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2690: 2684: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2662: 2660: 2657: 2655: 2653: 2650: 2649: 2638: 2635: 2632: 2630: 2627: 2625: 2622: 2620: 2618: 2615: 2613: 2607: 2601: 2590: 2587: 2584: 2580: 2578: 2575: 2573: 2570: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2562: 2551: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2536: 2533: 2532: 2521: 2518: 2515: 2511: 2509: 2504: 2501: 2499: 2497: 2494: 2492: 2486: 2480: 2476: 2473: 2470: 2464: 2461: 2460: 2440: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2425: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2416: 2405: 2402: 2399: 2397: 2390: 2387: 2385: 2382: 2381: 2370: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2355: 2352: 2350: 2347: 2346: 2335: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2320: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2311: 2300: 2297: 2294: 2292: 2285: 2282: 2280: 2277: 2276: 2265: 2262: 2259: 2255: 2254:The Economist 2251: 2249: 2241: 2237: 2235: 2232: 2231: 2220: 2217: 2214: 2212: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2196: 2185: 2182: 2179: 2177: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2161: 2155: 2152: 2151: 2145: 2142: 2141: 2130: 2127: 2124: 2122: 2115: 2114:Ronald Reagan 2112: 2110: 2107: 2106: 2102: 2099: 2093: 2090: 2089: 2069: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2058: 2055: 2053: 2051: 2048: 2047: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2028: 2025: 2022: 2020: 2018: 2015: 2014: 2003: 2000: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1989: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1981: 1970: 1967: 1964: 1961: 1959:Conservative 1958: 1956: 1954: 1951: 1950: 1939: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1930:David Cameron 1928: 1926:Conservative 1925: 1923: 1921: 1918: 1917: 1906: 1903: 1900: 1897: 1894: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1886: 1875: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1861: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1853: 1842: 1839: 1836: 1833: 1831:Conservative 1830: 1828: 1826: 1823: 1822: 1811: 1808: 1805: 1803: 1800: 1798:Conservative 1797: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1789: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1767: 1765:Conservative 1764: 1762: 1760: 1757: 1756: 1745: 1742: 1739: 1736: 1734:Conservative 1733: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1725: 1714: 1711: 1708: 1704: 1703:Liberal Party 1700: 1699:The Economist 1696: 1694: 1691: 1689:Conservative 1688: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1680: 1669: 1666: 1663: 1661: 1658: 1656:Conservative 1655: 1653: 1650: 1644: 1643: 1632: 1629: 1626: 1622: 1620:Edward Heath 1619: 1617:Conservative 1616: 1614: 1612: 1611:February 1974 1609: 1608: 1597: 1594: 1591: 1589:Edward Heath 1588: 1586:Conservative 1585: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1577: 1566: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1553:Conservative 1552: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1544: 1533: 1530: 1527: 1526:The Economist 1523: 1521: 1520:Harold Wilson 1518: 1516: 1513: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1505: 1494: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1481:Conservative 1480: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1472: 1461: 1458: 1455: 1453: 1450: 1448: 1445: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1437: 1433: 1430: 1427: 1421: 1420: 1417: 1414: 1410: 1409:The Economist 1401: 1399: 1398:The Economist 1389: 1386: 1385:The Economist 1381: 1377: 1375: 1371: 1370:The Economist 1362: 1360: 1356: 1355:The Economist 1347: 1345: 1341: 1340:The Economist 1337: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1319:The Economist 1311: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1300:The Economist 1292: 1289: 1286: 1282: 1281:The Economist 1277: 1271: 1270:The Economist 1266: 1262: 1261:Unfinest Hour 1258: 1257:Brendan Simms 1254: 1253:The Economist 1238: 1236: 1230: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1219:The Economist 1210: 1207: 1203: 1198: 1196: 1193: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1177: 1176: 1171: 1170: 1165: 1164: 1159: 1158: 1153: 1152: 1142: 1141: 1140:The Economist 1133: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1117: 1112: 1110: 1103: 1102:The Economist 1093: 1091: 1090: 1085: 1080: 1076: 1075:Civil Service 1067: 1066: 1065:The Economist 1058: 1053: 1045: 1044: 1043:The Economist 1036: 1031: 1027: 1025: 1020: 1019:The Economist 1012:, 18 May 1963 1011: 1010: 1009:The Economist 1002: 998: 993: 991: 986: 984: 983:The Economist 980: 971: 970: 969:The Economist 962: 958: 954: 952: 951:The Economist 948: 947:New Statesman 944: 943:The Economist 940: 939:New Statesman 934: 932: 928: 924: 920: 916: 911: 909: 905: 901: 896: 894: 893: 892:New Statesman 888: 887:Common Market 884: 883:The Economist 874: 872: 871:laissez-faire 868: 859: 858: 857:The Economist 854:"State Aid", 850: 845: 838: 837: 836:The Economist 829: 827: 826:laissez-faire 821: 819: 818:laissez-faire 815: 814:The Economist 805: 803: 799: 795: 791: 787: 783: 779: 775: 774: 773:laissez-faire 762: 760: 756: 752: 748: 747:Harold Wilson 744: 740: 736: 735:Ronald Reagan 732: 731:conservatives 728: 727:The Economist 724: 720: 716: 715:The Economist 712: 711:The Economist 708: 702: 700: 699:The Economist 695: 693: 689: 685: 684:privatisation 681: 680: 675: 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 654: 653:The Economist 641: 636: 634: 629: 627: 622: 621: 619: 618: 613: 608: 603: 601: 596: 591: 589: 584: 579: 578: 577: 576: 569: 566: 564: 561: 559: 556: 554: 551: 549: 546: 544: 541: 539: 536: 534: 531: 530: 524: 523: 516: 513: 511: 508: 506: 503: 501: 498: 496: 495:Roger Douglas 493: 491: 488: 486: 485:Ronald Reagan 483: 481: 478: 476: 473: 471: 468: 466: 463: 461: 460:Louis Rougier 458: 456: 453: 451: 448: 446: 443: 442: 436: 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