285:
653:
370:. Like the fictional character which he inspired, Hamilton was regarded by his fellow British expatriates to be a "nefarious, amoral, sociopathic, manipulative conniver" who "did not hesitate to use or abuse friends and enemies alike." Isherwood later alleged that Hamilton likely stole a large sum of money from him when the author asked Hamilton to bribe officials in order rescue his gay lover Heinz Neddermeyer from
445:
639:
Jewish family owns a department store. After the Nazis smash the windows of several Jewish shops, he learns that
Natalie's cousin Bernhard is dead, likely murdered by the Nazis. Ultimately, the narrator is forced to leave Germany as the Nazis continue their ascent to power, and he fears that many of his beloved Berlin acquaintances are now dead.
574:
and meet "Margot" under the guise of a
Dutchman. Bradshaw is urgently recalled by Ludwig Bayer one of the leaders of the communist groups, who explains that Norris was spying for the French and both his group and the police know about it. Bradshaw observes they are being followed by the police and persuades Norris to leave Germany. After the
994:, Chapter 1: "To Christopher, Berlin meant Boys... Christopher was suffering from an inhibition, then not unusual among upper-class homosexuals; he couldn't relax sexually with a member of his own class or nation. He needed a working-class foreigner. He had become clearly aware of this when he went to Germany in May 1928."
469:," Ross, Spender, and other foreigners realized that they must leave the country. "There was a sensation of doom to be felt in the Berlin streets," Spender recalled. In contrast to Spender's feeling of impending doom, Isherwood complained "somewhat unpresciently to Spender that situation in Germany seemed 'very dull.'"
480:
on 30 January 1933, Isherwood finally noticed the sinister developments occurring within the country, and he commented to a friend: "Adolf, with his rectangular black moustache, has come to stay and brought all his friends.... Nazis are to be enrolled as 'auxiliary police,' which means that one must
633:
When Sally becomes pregnant after a brief fling, the narrator facilitates an abortion, and the painful incident draws them closer together. When he visits Sally at the hospital, the hospital staff assume he is Sally's impregnator and despise him for forcing her to have an abortion. Later during the
269:
secured
Isherwood's reputation, the author denounced his writings after the collection's publication. In a 1956 essay, Isherwood lamented that he misunderstood the suffering of the people which he depicted. He regretted depicting many persons as "monsters" and noted they were "ordinary human beings
676:
Isherwood stated that 1930s Berlin had been "a real city in which human beings were suffering the miseries of political violence and near-starvation. The 'wickedness' of Berlin's night-life was of the most pitiful kind; the kisses and embraces, as always, had price-tags attached to them.... As for
573:
Norris subsequently returns with his fortunes restored and apparently conducting communication with an unknown
Frenchwoman called Margot. Schmidt reappears and tries to blackmail Norris. Norris uses Bradshaw as a decoy to get an aristocratic friend, Baron Pregnitz, to take a holiday in Switzerland
561:
to
Germany, British expatriate William Bradshaw meets a nervous-looking man named Arthur Norris. As they approach the frontier, Bradshaw strikes up a conversation with Norris, who wears an ill-fitting wig and carries a forged passport. After crossing the frontier, Norris invites Bradshaw to dinner
540:
In another moment, when I had drunk exactly the right amount of champagne, I should have a vision. I took a sip. And now, with extreme clarity, without passion or malice, I saw what Life really is. It had something, I remember, to do with the revolving sunshade. Yes, I murmured to myself, let them
621:
After relocating to Berlin in order to work on his novel, an
English writer explores the decadent nightlife of the city and becomes enmeshed in the colorful lives of a diverse array of Berlin denizens. He acquires lodgings in a boarding house owned by Fräulein Schroeder, a caring landlady. At the
638:
with Peter and Otto, a gay couple who are struggling with their sexual identities. Jealous of Otto's endless flirtations with other men, Peter departs for
England, and the narrator returns to Berlin to live with Otto's family, the Nowaks. During this time, he meets teenage Natalie Landauer whose
383:
Jean was more essentially
British than Sally ; she grumbled like a true Englishwoman, with her 'grin-and-bear-it' grin. And she was tougher. She never struck Christopher as being sentimental or the least bit sorry for herself. Like Sally, she boasted continually about her lovers. In those days,
416:
and second-rate cabarets. Isherwood visited these nightclubs to hear Ross sing, and he later described her voice as poor yet effective: "She had a surprisingly deep, husky voice. She sang badly, without any expression, her hands hanging down at her sides—yet her performance was, in its own way,
29:
672:
Although his stories about the nightlife of Weimar Berlin became commercially successful and secured his reputation as an author, Isherwood later denounced his writings. In a 1956 essay, Isherwood lamented that he had not understood the suffering of the people which he depicted.
677:
the 'monsters', they were quite ordinary human beings prosaically engaged in getting their living through illegal methods. The only genuine monster was the young foreigner who passed gaily through these scenes of desolation, misinterpreting them to suit his childish fantasy."
1286:, p. 221: "Isherwood recognized that he could not remain in Berlin much longer and on April 5, the day measures were brought in to ban Jews from the teaching professions and the Civil Service, he arrived back in London, bringing with him many of his possessions."
578:, the Nazis eliminate Bayer and most of Norris's comrades. Bradshaw returns to England where he receives intermittent postcards from Norris, who has fled Berlin, pursued by Schmidt. The novel's last words are drawn from a postcard that Norris sends to Bradshaw from
421:
recalled that Ross' singing ability was quite underwhelming: "In my mind's eye, I can see her now in some dingy bar standing on a platform and singing so inaudibly that I could not hear her from the back of the room where I was discreetly seated."
1394:
The real
Isherwood, though not without many sympathetic qualities, was petty, selfish and supremely egotistical. The least political of the so-called Auden group, Isherwood was always guided by his personal motivations rather than by abstract
488:
Following
Isherwood's departure from Germany and the enstatement of the Hitler's brutalitarian regime, most of Berlin's seedy cabarets were shuttered by the Nazis, and many of Isherwood's cabaret friends would later flee abroad or perish in
604:
I thought of Natalia: she has escaped — none too soon, perhaps. However often the decision may be delayed, all these people are ultimately doomed. This evening is the dress-rehearsal of a disaster. It is like the last night of an epoch.
982:: Isherwood frequented "the boy-bars in Berlin in the late years of the Weimar Republic.... discovered a world utterly different from the repressive English one he disliked, and with it, the excitements of sex and new subject matter."
270:
prosaically engaged in getting their living through illegal methods. The only genuine monster was the young foreigner who passed gaily through these scenes of desolation, misinterpreting them to suit his childish fantasy." In 2010,
1093:, p. 18: "Jean Ross, whom had met in Berlin as one of his fellow-lodgers in the Nollendorfstrasse for a time, when she was earning her living as a (not very remarkable) singer in a second-rate cabaret."
570:-era Germany. Other aspects of Norris's personal life remain mysterious. He seems to run a business with an assistant Schmidt. Norris gets into more and more straitened circumstances and has to leave Berlin.
1189:: "An affair with a Jewish musician called Götz von Eick, who subsequently became an actor in Hollywood under the name Peter van Eyck, led to her becoming pregnant, and she nearly died after an abortion."
566:, they see each other frequently. Over time, several oddities of Norris's personal life are revealed, one of which is that he is a masochist. Another is that he is a communist, which is dangerous in
743:
Isherwood claimed that he and Ross "had a relationship which was asexual but more truly intimate than the relationships between Sally and her various partners in the novel, the plays and the films."
712:
later claimed the political indifference of the Sally Bowles character more closely resembled Isherwood and his hedonistic friends, many of whom "fluttered around town exclaiming how sexy the
755:
notes that Ross "claimed that Isherwood 'grossly underrated' her singing abilities, but her family agreed that this was one aspect of Sally Bowles that Isherwood got absolutely right".
202:. The second novel recounts the travails of various Berlin denizens whose lives are directly or indirectly affected by the Nazis' rise to power. Isherwood based the character of
958:: "The real Isherwood... the least political of the so-called Auden group, Isherwood was always guided by his personal motivations rather than by abstract ideas."
661:
1905:
970:: Isherwood was a "self-indulgent upper middle-class foreign tourist" who was "a good deal less dedicated to political passion than the legend has had it."
437:
facilitated by Isherwood. Ross nearly died as a result of the botched abortion. While Ross recovered from the abortion procedure, the political situation
1665:
2072:
1960:
1488:
had been a misfortune for her; she had been fixed by the book, turned into a fictional character whose story ended in 1939.' She has an affair in
2114:
622:
boarding house, he interacts the other tenants including the frank prostitute Fräulein Kost who has a Japanese patron and the divinely decadent
630:. The narrator and Bowles soon become roommates, and he learns a great deal about her sex life as well as her coterie of "marvelous" lovers.
2516:
2506:
461:
As Berlin's daily scenes featured "poverty, unemployment, political demonstrations and street fighting between the forces of the
1843:
1639:
284:
2001:
1884:
1766:
1628:
1575:
1547:
1705:
1567:
1504:
1450:(December 1989). "Forward to the 1930s: The Literary Politics of Anamnesis". In Shaw, Christopher; Chase, Malcolm (eds.).
417:
effective because of her startling appearance and her air of not caring a curse of what people thought of her." Likewise,
339:
in Germany. He had relocated to Berlin to pursue a hedonistic life as an openly gay man and to enjoy the city's orgiastic
2107:
1415:
1374:
1758:
1828:
1791:
1733:
1603:
1465:
1423:
114:
1476:(1977), where she appears as 'Jean Reynolds.' In this novel, she has been immortalised as Lucy Rivers in a novel by
1018:, p. 144: "Isherwood himself admitted that he named the character of for Paul Bowles, whose 'looks' he liked."
1531:
2414:
438:
262:. In later years, Ross regretted her public association with the naĂŻve and apolitical character of Sally Bowles.
176:
2100:
1993:
1777:
1614:
1160:, p. 63: "Jean moved into a room in the Nollendorfstrasse flat after she met Christopher, early in 1931."
2307:
686:
2016:
481:
now not only be murdered but that it is illegal to offer any resistance." Two weeks after Hitler passed the
2355:
2077:
2039:
1457:
462:
335:. At the time, Isherwood was an apprentice novelist who was politically indifferent about the rise of
2347:
2210:
1725:
1697:
78:
2256:
2237:
2178:
2146:
548:
533:
391:
371:
367:
191:
154:
2511:
2472:
1910:
1620:
1301:
652:
2315:
2202:
1820:
1783:
1595:
1539:
429:, Ross became pregnant. She assumed the father of the child to be jazz pianist—and later actor—
1561:
2186:
2123:
1894:
1866:
1715:
1687:
1557:
752:
664:
477:
307:
288:
183:
as a carnival of debauchery and despair inhabited by desperate people who are unaware of the
146:
42:
2382:
2339:
2291:
2194:
482:
225:
2043:
493:. These factual events served as the genesis for Isherwood's Berlin tales. His 1939 novel
485:
which cemented his power, Isherwood fled Germany and returned to England on 5 April 1933.
8:
2467:
2398:
1640:"50 years of 'Cabaret': How the 1966 musical keeps sharpening its edges for modern times"
400:
Due to his limited finances, Isherwood shared modest lodgings in Berlin with 19-year-old
253:
234:
276:
chose the collection as one of the 100 Best English-language works of the 20th century.
2477:
2022:
1966:
1849:
1813:
1510:
1401:
1380:
769:
730:
490:
184:
2390:
2331:
2154:
1997:
1880:
1876:
1824:
1787:
1762:
1739:
1729:
1701:
1644:
1624:
1599:
1571:
1543:
1461:
1419:
612:
597:
510:
495:
258:
249:
230:
160:
121:
109:
2085:
1021:
765:
2323:
2264:
2229:
2048:
1914:
1933:
1719:
2457:
2272:
1987:
1983:
1955:
1941:
1870:
1752:
1691:
1670:
1589:
1451:
1409:
773:
500:
448:
418:
363:
348:
332:
324:
272:
214:
199:
195:
180:
142:
1754:
Christopher Isherwood: His Era, His Gang, and the Legacy of the Truly Strong Man
2483:
2299:
1918:
1899:
1585:
1527:
1433:
1405:
713:
579:
575:
430:
328:
2500:
2462:
2447:
2374:
2162:
2011:
1493:
1438:
1337:
505:
453:
219:
426:
301:
I am a camera with its shutter open, quite passive, recording, not thinking.
2437:
2432:
2406:
2138:
1946:
1808:
1661:
623:
473:
405:
203:
172:
1192:
2452:
1838:
1477:
1349:
725:
558:
413:
375:
352:
344:
292:
2092:
1127:
128:
1447:
1321:
734:. Isherwood appropriated his surname for the character of Sally Bowles.
635:
466:
356:
256:, although she is merely the main character of a single short story in
917:
822:
366:, an unscrupulous businessman who inspired the fictional character of
2442:
1496:, a young Cambridge Communist with whom Sommerfield fought in Spain).
933:
709:
409:
401:
207:
101:
97:
1563:
Strange Meetings: Anglo-German Literary Encounters from 1910 to 1960
434:
404:, a British cabaret singer who inspired the fictional character of
340:
165:
28:
1070:
1068:
444:
838:
627:
425:
While rooming together with Isherwood at Nollendorfstrasse 17 in
336:
1472:
This side of Jean Ross' life is mentioned in John Sommerfield's
1743:
1065:
567:
563:
168:
210:, Isherwood's intimate friend during his sojourn in Berlin.
150:
122:
60:
1163:
889:
737:
703:
194:, a character based upon an unscrupulous businessman named
1041:
905:
2073:
Time 100 Best English-language novels of the 20th century
1231:
1229:
1227:
867:
865:
863:
861:
859:
857:
797:
795:
793:
791:
433:. Following Eyck's abandonment of Ross, she underwent an
1989:
World Within World: The Autobiography of Stephen Spender
1212:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
408:. An aspiring film actress, Ross earned her living as a
1053:
997:
323:
are derived from Isherwood's colorful escapades in the
179:. Berlin is portrayed by Isherwood during this chaotic
1411:
Broadway Musicals – The 101 Greatest Shows of All Time
1224:
854:
788:
384:
Christopher felt certain that she was exaggerating...
1265:
1253:
1139:
1108:
1096:
812:
810:
451:
adapted Isherwood's work into the 1951 Broadway play
1289:
758:
1536:
The German Cabaret Legacy in American Popular Music
1241:
877:
2015:
1959:
1898:
1842:
1812:
1503:
1373:
807:
1182:
1180:
1178:
362:In Berlin during Winter 1930–1931, Isherwood met
2498:
241:. Sally Bowles is the best-known character from
190:The first novel focuses on the misadventures of
746:
1532:"Christopher Isherwood, Reporting from Berlin"
1175:
719:
2108:
1693:Christopher and His Kind: A Memoir, 1929–1939
1400:
911:
634:summer, he resides at a beach house near the
1505:"Looking for Christopher Isherwood's Berlin"
772:, had been marked for future destruction by
626:, a young Englishwoman who sings in a seedy
1944:(28 November 1993). "Come to the Cabaret".
728:was an American writer who wrote the novel
642:
525:
2115:
2101:
2078:New Directions, the publishing company of
27:
2122:
1714:
1686:
1666:"All-Time 100 Novels: The Berlin Stories"
1355:
1343:
1311:
1307:
1169:
1157:
1133:
1059:
1047:
991:
939:
1815:Christopher Isherwood: A Personal Memoir
1660:
1612:
1453:The Imagined Past: History and Nostalgia
1432:
1027:
1003:
927:
895:
883:
443:
283:
279:
2038:
2010:
1982:
1954:
1940:
1906:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1807:
1556:
1327:
1247:
1235:
1218:
1206:
1145:
1102:
1090:
1035:
1031:
967:
923:
848:
828:
764:Many Berlin cabarets located along the
16:1945 anthology by Christopher Isherwood
2499:
1893:
1865:
1526:
1315:
1295:
1283:
1271:
1259:
1202:
1198:
1186:
1121:
1078:
1074:
2096:
1844:"Christopher Isherwood: Man and Work"
1584:
1501:
1446:
1436:(3 October 1986). "Reply to Berlin".
1371:
1346:, p. 23, The Last of Mr. Norris.
955:
943:
871:
844:
171:between 1930 and 1933 on the cusp of
1909:(online ed.). Oxford, England:
1837:
1775:
1750:
1637:
1568:Catholic University of America Press
1416:Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers
1331:
1015:
979:
899:
832:
816:
801:
589:
557:While traveling on a train from the
541:dance. They are dancing, I am glad.
1375:"Isherwood: The Uses of Narcissism"
13:
1779:Christopher Isherwood Encyclopedia
1759:University of South Carolina Press
1372:Allen, Brooke (19 December 2004).
586:have I done to deserve all this?"
245:, and she became the focus of the
223:, which in turn inspired the film
164:(1939). The two novels are set in
14:
2528:
2066:
1358:, p. 177, Goodbye to Berlin.
520:
1492:with 'John Rackstraw' (based on
1136:, p. 25, Goodbye to Berlin.
651:
499:was later adapted by playwright
2517:New Directions Publishing books
2507:Novels by Christopher Isherwood
1638:Gray, Margaret (20 July 2016).
1502:Doyle, Rachel (12 April 2013).
1277:
1151:
1084:
1009:
985:
973:
961:
949:
562:and the two become friends. In
378:due to his sexual orientation.
343:cabarets. He socialized with a
1994:University of California Press
1364:
327:. In 1929, Isherwood moved to
33:The cover of the first edition
1:
1900:"Ross, Jean Iris (1911–1973)"
1833:– via Internet Archive.
1746:– via Internet Archive.
1514:. New York City. p. TR10
692:
687:List of fiction set in Berlin
347:of gay writers that included
2356:Frankenstein: The True Story
2026:. New York City. p. 260
1970:. New York City. p. 198
1934:UK public library membership
1776:Izzo, David Garrett (2005).
1757:. Columbia, South Carolina:
1751:Izzo, David Garrett (2001).
782:
503:into the 1951 Broadway play
7:
1458:Manchester University Press
770:entertainment-vice district
680:
331:during the twilight of the
10:
2533:
2017:"Christopher and His Kind"
1872:Isherwood: A Life Revealed
1470:– via Google Books.
716:looked in their uniforms."
595:
531:
206:on teenage cabaret singer
198:whom Isherwood met in the
2425:
2366:
2348:The Sailor from Gibraltar
2283:
2248:
2221:
2130:
2006:– via Google Books.
1889:– via Google Books.
1710:– via Google Books.
1698:Farrar, Straus and Giroux
1648:. Los Angeles, California
1633:– via Google Books.
1608:– via Google Books.
1594:. Garden City, New York:
1580:– via Google Books.
1552:– via Google Books.
1442:. London. pp. 28–29.
912:Bloom & Vlastnik 2004
213:The omnibus inspired the
145:by Anglo-American writer
120:
108:
92:
84:
74:
66:
56:
48:
38:
26:
2415:Christopher and His Kind
2257:The Dog Beneath the Skin
2238:Christopher and His Kind
2179:The World in the Evening
2147:Mr Norris Changes Trains
1992:. Berkeley, California:
1613:Garebian, Keith (2011).
697:
643:Isherwood's reevaluation
610:—Christopher Isherwood,
549:Mr Norris Changes Trains
546:—Christopher Isherwood,
534:Mr Norris Changes Trains
527:Mr Norris Changes Trains
392:Christopher and His Kind
389:—Christopher Isherwood,
155:Mr Norris Changes Trains
1961:"Life Wasn't a Cabaret"
1911:Oxford University Press
1784:McFarland & Company
1621:Oxford University Press
1596:Doubleday & Company
1540:McFarland & Company
1486:A Woman of the Thirties
1482:A Woman of the Thirties
319:The events depicted in
2316:Adventure in Baltimore
2211:Jacob's Hands: A Fable
2203:A Meeting by the River
2044:"The Observer as Hero"
1919:10.1093/ref:odnb/74425
1821:Henry Holt and Company
1716:Isherwood, Christopher
1688:Isherwood, Christopher
1591:Isherwood: A Biography
1558:Firchow, Peter Edgerly
607:
543:
458:
386:
317:
296:
229:as well as the famous
149:and consisting of the
2187:Down There on a Visit
2124:Christopher Isherwood
1950:. London. p. 74.
1616:The Making of Cabaret
1314:, pp. 150, 297;
602:
596:Further information:
538:
532:Further information:
509:and, ultimately, the
478:Chancellor of Germany
447:
381:
308:Christopher Isherwood
298:
289:Christopher Isherwood
287:
280:Historical background
147:Christopher Isherwood
43:Christopher Isherwood
2014:(28 November 1976).
1566:. Washington, D.C.:
1310:, pp. 164–166;
942:, pp. 124–125;
439:rapidly deteriorated
185:national catastrophe
2468:Swami Prabhavananda
1958:(30 October 1977).
1619:. Oxford, England:
1484:. 'I realized that
1334:, pp. 97, 144.
1172:, pp. 244–245.
1038:, pp. 125–130.
835:, pp. 97, 144.
804:, pp. 115–116.
491:concentration camps
472:However, following
23:
22:The Berlin Stories
2478:Katherine Bucknell
2171:The Berlin Stories
2087:The Berlin Stories
2023:The New York Times
1967:The New York Times
1897:(September 2004).
1850:The New York Times
1721:The Berlin Stories
1664:(6 January 2010).
1511:The New York Times
1418:. pp. 47–49.
1381:The New York Times
1330:, pp. 28–29;
874:, pp. 146–47.
831:, pp. 78–79;
731:The Sheltering Sky
459:
321:The Berlin Stories
297:
267:The Berlin Stories
243:The Berlin Stories
187:that awaits them.
138:The Berlin Stories
21:
2494:
2493:
2308:Forever and a Day
2155:Goodbye to Berlin
2042:(21 March 2005).
2003:978-0-679-64045-5
1932:(Subscription or
1886:978-0-330-32826-5
1819:. New York City:
1768:978-1-57003-403-9
1724:. New York City:
1696:. New York City:
1645:Los Angeles Times
1630:978-0-19-973250-0
1577:978-0-8132-1533-4
1549:978-0-7864-6863-8
1414:. New York City:
1318:, pp. 74–81.
1221:, pp. 28–29.
1050:, pp. 60–61.
930:, pp. 28–29.
776:as early as 1928.
613:Goodbye to Berlin
598:Goodbye to Berlin
591:Goodbye to Berlin
496:Goodbye to Berlin
259:Goodbye to Berlin
161:Goodbye to Berlin
134:
133:
85:Publication place
2524:
2324:The Great Sinner
2265:The Ascent of F6
2230:Journey to a War
2117:
2110:
2103:
2094:
2093:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2049:The New Republic
2035:
2033:
2031:
2019:
2007:
1984:Spender, Stephen
1979:
1977:
1975:
1963:
1956:Spender, Stephen
1951:
1942:Spender, Stephen
1937:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1902:
1890:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1846:
1834:
1818:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1772:
1747:
1711:
1707:978-0374-53522-3
1683:
1681:
1679:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1634:
1609:
1581:
1553:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1507:
1498:
1443:
1429:
1408:(October 2004).
1397:
1391:
1389:
1377:
1359:
1353:
1347:
1341:
1335:
1325:
1319:
1305:
1299:
1293:
1287:
1281:
1275:
1269:
1263:
1257:
1251:
1245:
1239:
1233:
1222:
1216:
1210:
1196:
1190:
1184:
1173:
1167:
1161:
1155:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1131:
1125:
1119:
1106:
1100:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1072:
1063:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1039:
1030:, pp. 6–7;
1025:
1019:
1013:
1007:
1001:
995:
989:
983:
977:
971:
965:
959:
953:
947:
937:
931:
921:
915:
909:
903:
893:
887:
881:
875:
869:
852:
842:
836:
826:
820:
814:
805:
799:
777:
762:
756:
750:
744:
741:
735:
723:
717:
707:
655:
617:
553:
476:'s ascension as
396:
315:
302:
124:
31:
24:
20:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2521:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2484:Chris & Don
2458:Stephen Spender
2421:
2362:
2279:
2273:On the Frontier
2244:
2217:
2126:
2121:
2069:
2064:
2055:
2053:
2052:. New York City
2029:
2027:
2004:
1973:
1971:
1931:
1923:
1921:
1887:
1856:
1854:
1853:. New York City
1841:(3 June 1979).
1831:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1769:
1736:
1708:
1677:
1675:
1674:. New York City
1651:
1649:
1631:
1606:
1586:Fryer, Jonathan
1578:
1550:
1528:Farina, William
1517:
1515:
1468:
1460:. p. 156.
1434:Caudwell, Sarah
1426:
1406:Vlastnik, Frank
1387:
1385:
1384:. New York City
1367:
1362:
1354:
1350:
1342:
1338:
1326:
1322:
1306:
1302:
1294:
1290:
1282:
1278:
1270:
1266:
1258:
1254:
1246:
1242:
1234:
1225:
1217:
1213:
1205:, p. 220;
1197:
1193:
1185:
1176:
1168:
1164:
1156:
1152:
1144:
1140:
1132:
1128:
1120:
1109:
1101:
1097:
1089:
1085:
1073:
1066:
1058:
1054:
1046:
1042:
1026:
1022:
1014:
1010:
1006:, pp. 6–7.
1002:
998:
990:
986:
978:
974:
966:
962:
954:
950:
938:
934:
926:, p. 120;
922:
918:
910:
906:
894:
890:
882:
878:
870:
855:
847:, p. 156;
843:
839:
827:
823:
815:
808:
800:
789:
785:
780:
774:Joseph Goebbels
763:
759:
751:
747:
742:
738:
724:
720:
708:
704:
700:
695:
683:
670:
669:
668:
663:
658:
657:
656:
645:
619:
609:
600:
594:
555:
545:
536:
530:
523:
501:John Van Druten
449:John Van Druten
419:Stephen Spender
398:
388:
364:Gerald Hamilton
349:Stephen Spender
333:Golden Twenties
325:Weimar Republic
316:
306:
300:
282:
215:John Van Druten
200:Weimar Republic
196:Gerald Hamilton
181:interwar period
177:ascent to power
93:Media type
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2530:
2520:
2519:
2514:
2512:Weimar culture
2509:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2480:
2475:
2473:James P. White
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2411:
2403:
2395:
2394:(1966 musical)
2387:
2379:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2352:
2344:
2336:
2328:
2320:
2312:
2304:
2300:Rage in Heaven
2296:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2269:
2261:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2242:
2234:
2225:
2223:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2207:
2199:
2191:
2183:
2175:
2167:
2159:
2151:
2143:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2127:
2120:
2119:
2112:
2105:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2083:
2080:Berlin Stories
2075:
2068:
2067:External links
2065:
2063:
2062:
2040:Thomson, David
2036:
2012:Stansky, Peter
2008:
2002:
1980:
1952:
1938:
1891:
1885:
1863:
1835:
1829:
1805:
1792:
1773:
1767:
1748:
1734:
1726:New Directions
1712:
1706:
1684:
1658:
1635:
1629:
1610:
1604:
1582:
1576:
1554:
1548:
1524:
1499:
1466:
1456:. Manchester:
1444:
1430:
1424:
1398:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1356:Isherwood 1963
1348:
1344:Isherwood 1963
1336:
1320:
1312:Isherwood 1976
1308:Isherwood 1976
1300:
1288:
1276:
1274:, p. 219.
1264:
1262:, p. 254.
1252:
1240:
1238:, p. 129.
1223:
1211:
1191:
1174:
1170:Isherwood 1976
1162:
1158:Isherwood 1976
1150:
1138:
1134:Isherwood 1963
1126:
1124:, p. 220.
1107:
1095:
1083:
1081:, p. 205.
1064:
1060:Isherwood 1976
1052:
1048:Isherwood 1976
1040:
1020:
1008:
996:
992:Isherwood 1976
984:
972:
960:
948:
940:Isherwood 1976
932:
916:
904:
888:
876:
853:
851:, p. 120.
837:
821:
819:, p. 144.
806:
786:
784:
781:
779:
778:
766:KurfĂĽrstendamm
757:
745:
736:
718:
714:storm troopers
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
690:
689:
682:
679:
660:
659:
650:
649:
648:
647:
646:
644:
641:
601:
593:
588:
580:Rio de Janeiro
576:Reichstag fire
537:
529:
524:
522:
521:Plot summaries
519:
431:Peter van Eyck
380:
345:blithe coterie
312:A Berlin Diary
304:
281:
278:
132:
131:
126:
118:
117:
112:
106:
105:
94:
90:
89:
88:United Kingdom
86:
82:
81:
79:New Directions
76:
72:
71:
68:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
50:
46:
45:
40:
36:
35:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2529:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2463:Aldous Huxley
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2448:Edward Upward
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2417:
2416:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2396:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2383:I Am a Camera
2380:
2377:
2376:
2375:I Am a Camera
2372:
2371:
2369:
2365:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2340:The Loved One
2337:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2321:
2319:(1949; story)
2318:
2317:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2292:Little Friend
2289:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2247:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2220:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2163:Prater Violet
2160:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2131:Prose fiction
2129:
2125:
2118:
2113:
2111:
2106:
2104:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2051:
2050:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2025:
2024:
2018:
2013:
2009:
2005:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1969:
1968:
1962:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1907:
1901:
1896:
1895:Parker, Peter
1892:
1888:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1867:Parker, Peter
1864:
1852:
1851:
1845:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1830:0-8050-1029-7
1826:
1822:
1817:
1816:
1810:
1809:Lehmann, John
1806:
1795:
1793:0-7864-1519-3
1789:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1774:
1770:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1755:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1735:0-8112-0070-1
1731:
1727:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1694:
1689:
1685:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1663:
1662:Grossman, Lev
1659:
1647:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1632:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1617:
1611:
1607:
1605:0-385-12608-5
1601:
1597:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1513:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1494:John Cornford
1491:
1490:The Imprinted
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1474:The Imprinted
1469:
1467:0-7190-2875-2
1463:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1439:New Statesman
1435:
1431:
1427:
1425:1-57912-390-2
1421:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1396:
1383:
1382:
1376:
1370:
1369:
1357:
1352:
1345:
1340:
1333:
1329:
1324:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1304:
1298:, p. 79.
1297:
1292:
1285:
1280:
1273:
1268:
1261:
1256:
1249:
1244:
1237:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1220:
1215:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1195:
1188:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1171:
1166:
1159:
1154:
1148:, p. 74.
1147:
1142:
1135:
1130:
1123:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1105:, p. 18.
1104:
1099:
1092:
1087:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1069:
1062:, p. 63.
1061:
1056:
1049:
1044:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1028:Garebian 2011
1024:
1017:
1012:
1005:
1004:Garebian 2011
1000:
993:
988:
981:
976:
969:
964:
957:
952:
945:
941:
936:
929:
928:Caudwell 1986
925:
920:
914:, p. 46.
913:
908:
901:
898:, p. 3;
897:
896:Garebian 2011
892:
885:
884:Grossman 2010
880:
873:
868:
866:
864:
862:
860:
858:
850:
846:
841:
834:
830:
825:
818:
813:
811:
803:
798:
796:
794:
792:
787:
775:
771:
767:
761:
754:
749:
740:
733:
732:
727:
722:
715:
711:
706:
702:
688:
685:
684:
678:
674:
666:
662:
654:
640:
637:
631:
629:
625:
618:
615:
614:
606:
599:
592:
587:
585:
581:
577:
571:
569:
565:
560:
554:
551:
550:
542:
535:
528:
518:
516:
514:
508:
507:
506:I Am a Camera
502:
498:
497:
492:
486:
484:
479:
475:
470:
468:
467:extreme right
464:
456:
455:
454:I Am a Camera
450:
446:
442:
440:
436:
432:
428:
423:
420:
415:
411:
407:
403:
397:
394:
393:
385:
379:
377:
373:
369:
368:Arthur Norris
365:
360:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
329:Weimar Berlin
326:
322:
314:, Autumn 1930
313:
309:
303:
294:
290:
286:
277:
275:
274:
268:
263:
261:
260:
255:
251:
248:
244:
240:
236:
235:film versions
232:
231:stage musical
228:
227:
226:I Am a Camera
222:
221:
220:I Am a Camera
216:
211:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
192:Arthur Norris
188:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
167:
163:
162:
157:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
139:
130:
127:
125:
119:
116:
115:0-8112-1804-X
113:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
80:
77:
73:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
51:
47:
44:
41:
37:
30:
25:
19:
2482:
2438:Sally Bowles
2433:Don Bachardy
2413:
2407:A Single Man
2405:
2397:
2389:
2381:
2373:
2354:
2346:
2338:
2330:
2322:
2314:
2306:
2298:
2290:
2271:
2263:
2255:
2236:
2228:
2209:
2201:
2195:A Single Man
2193:
2185:
2177:
2170:
2169:
2161:
2153:
2145:
2139:The Memorial
2137:
2086:
2079:
2054:. Retrieved
2047:
2028:. Retrieved
2021:
1988:
1972:. Retrieved
1965:
1947:The Observer
1945:
1922:. Retrieved
1904:
1871:
1855:. Retrieved
1848:
1839:Moss, Howard
1814:
1797:. Retrieved
1778:
1753:
1720:
1692:
1676:. Retrieved
1669:
1650:. Retrieved
1643:
1615:
1590:
1562:
1535:
1516:. Retrieved
1509:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1473:
1471:
1452:
1437:
1410:
1393:
1386:. Retrieved
1379:
1351:
1339:
1328:Lehmann 1987
1323:
1303:
1291:
1279:
1267:
1255:
1248:Spender 1977
1243:
1236:Spender 1966
1219:Lehmann 1987
1214:
1207:Thomson 2005
1194:
1165:
1153:
1146:Spender 1993
1141:
1129:
1103:Lehmann 1987
1098:
1091:Lehmann 1987
1086:
1055:
1043:
1036:Spender 1966
1032:Spender 1977
1023:
1011:
999:
987:
975:
968:Stansky 1976
963:
951:
935:
924:Firchow 2008
919:
907:
891:
879:
849:Firchow 2008
840:
829:Lehmann 1987
824:
760:
753:Peter Parker
748:
739:
729:
721:
705:
675:
671:
632:
624:Sally Bowles
620:
611:
608:
603:
590:
583:
572:
556:
547:
544:
539:
526:
512:
504:
494:
487:
483:Enabling Act
474:Adolf Hitler
471:
463:extreme left
460:
452:
441:in Germany.
424:
414:lesbian bars
406:Sally Bowles
399:
390:
387:
382:
361:
320:
318:
311:
299:
271:
266:
264:
257:
246:
242:
238:
224:
218:
212:
204:Sally Bowles
189:
173:Adolf Hitler
159:
153:
137:
136:
135:
18:
2453:W. H. Auden
2402:(1972 film)
2386:(1955 film)
2378:(1951 play)
2367:Adaptations
2284:Screenplays
2222:Non-fiction
2056:11 February
2030:11 February
1974:11 February
1924:11 February
1857:11 February
1799:11 February
1678:11 February
1652:11 February
1518:11 February
1478:L.P. Davies
1448:Croft, Andy
1388:11 February
1365:Works cited
1316:Farina 2013
1296:Farina 2013
1284:Parker 2005
1272:Parker 2005
1260:Parker 2005
1203:Parker 2005
1199:Parker 2004
1187:Parker 2004
1122:Parker 2005
1079:Parker 2005
1075:Parker 2004
768:avenue, an
726:Paul Bowles
559:Netherlands
376:Nazi regime
372:persecution
353:Paul Bowles
295:circa 1938.
293:W. H. Auden
158:(1935) and
2501:Categories
1936:required.)
1875:. London:
1782:. London:
1538:. London:
1402:Bloom, Ken
956:Allen 2004
944:Doyle 2013
872:Fryer 1977
845:Croft 1989
693:References
636:Baltic Sea
427:Schöneberg
357:W.H. Auden
141:is a 1945
2443:Jean Ross
1986:(1966) .
1869:(2005) .
1718:(1963) .
1332:Izzo 2001
1016:Izzo 2005
980:Moss 1979
900:Gray 2016
833:Izzo 2001
817:Izzo 2005
802:Izzo 2001
783:Citations
710:Jean Ross
665:Isherwood
410:chanteuse
402:Jean Ross
265:Although
208:Jean Ross
102:Paperback
75:Publisher
67:Published
1811:(1987).
1690:(1976).
1588:(1977).
1560:(2008).
1530:(2013).
681:See also
667:in 1939
465:and the
435:abortion
341:Jazz Age
305:—
166:Jazz Age
98:Hardback
49:Language
2399:Cabaret
2391:Cabaret
1877:Picador
1744:55-2508
1480:titled
628:cabaret
515:musical
513:Cabaret
374:by the
337:fascism
250:musical
247:Cabaret
239:Cabaret
143:omnibus
129:2709284
96:Print (
52:English
2487:(2008)
2418:(2011)
2410:(2009)
2359:(1973)
2351:(1967)
2343:(1965)
2335:(1956)
2327:(1949)
2311:(1943)
2303:(1941)
2295:(1934)
2276:(1938)
2268:(1937)
2260:(1935)
2241:(1976)
2233:(1939)
2214:(1997)
2206:(1967)
2198:(1964)
2190:(1962)
2182:(1954)
2174:(1945)
2166:(1945)
2158:(1939)
2150:(1935)
2142:(1932)
2000:
1930:
1883:
1827:
1790:
1765:
1742:
1732:
1704:
1627:
1602:
1574:
1546:
1464:
1422:
1395:ideas.
616:(1939)
568:Hitler
564:Berlin
552:(1935)
395:(1976)
355:, and
169:Berlin
151:novels
100:&
61:Novels
39:Author
2426:Other
2332:Diane
2249:Plays
698:Notes
511:1966
217:play
57:Genre
2058:2022
2032:2022
1998:ISBN
1976:2022
1926:2022
1881:ISBN
1859:2022
1825:ISBN
1801:2022
1788:ISBN
1763:ISBN
1740:LCCN
1730:ISBN
1702:ISBN
1680:2022
1671:Time
1654:2022
1625:ISBN
1600:ISBN
1572:ISBN
1544:ISBN
1520:2022
1462:ISBN
1420:ISBN
1390:2022
584:What
291:and
273:Time
254:film
252:and
233:and
123:OCLC
110:ISBN
70:1945
1915:doi
582:: "
412:in
237:of
175:'s
2503::
2046:.
2020:.
1996:.
1964:.
1913:.
1903:.
1879:.
1847:.
1823:.
1786:.
1761:.
1738:.
1728:.
1700:.
1668:.
1642:.
1623:.
1598:.
1570:.
1542:.
1534:.
1508:.
1404:;
1392:.
1378:.
1226:^
1201:;
1177:^
1110:^
1077:;
1067:^
1034:;
856:^
809:^
790:^
517:.
359:.
351:,
310:,
2116:e
2109:t
2102:v
2060:.
2034:.
1978:.
1928:.
1917::
1861:.
1803:.
1771:.
1682:.
1656:.
1522:.
1428:.
1250:.
1209:.
946:.
902:.
886:.
457:.
104:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
