658:
131:
687:
160:
316:
528:
was for cases in which there was exclusivity (to distinguish between general and specific objects), but translators also used it in situations where exclusivity was already given through other syntactical elements of the sentence. In these texts,
659:
132:
688:
161:
183:
named it "that jacksprat" in 1771, and gave this example of a grammatically correct sentence: "That that I say is this: that that that that gentleman has advanced, is not that, that he should have proved."
339:. It originated in the north of England sometime before the 1200s and spread around the country in the thirteenth century; it then rapidly became the dominant demonstrative pronoun. Before the writings of
305:
intensifies and refers to a possible view already held by the addressee (whether the speaker was not seriously ill), even though the speaker does not explicitly confirm or intensify this previously-held
698:(referencing adverb). In this way, the strong form represents a determining pronoun (such as in "what is that?"), while the weak form is a subordinating word (as in "I think that it's a mistake").
420:
613:
is not used. While there has been some analysis of the relative frequency of Old and Middle
English usage of the zero form, these studies are of limited value, since they rely on unique
617:, failing to give a general view of its usage. In the late period of Middle English, the linguist Norihiko Otsu determined, the zero form was generally as popular as the form in which
260:, such as in "the different factors that are fundamental and specific to particular features"; in a study of medical science journals in Britain leading up to 2004, it was found that
1362:
Old
English homilies and homiletic treatises (Sawles Warde, and Ăľe Wohunge of Ure Lauerd: Ureisuns of Ure Louerd and of Ure Lefdi, &c.) of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries
586:(turning a word into a grammatical marker), and as a result of its low usage, possibly underwent a period of specialization, where it competed with other grammaticalised phrases.
562:(translated as "among that") persisted. In the hundreds of years of its existence, it was used infrequently, though the usage was stable. Even in Old English, usage of
1686:
Otsu, Norihiko (November 2002b). "On the presence or absence of the conjunction þæt in Old
English, with special reference to dependent sentences containing a
1269:
1646:
223:
pronoun, as opposed to proximal, because there is distance between the speaker and the object being discussed (as opposed to words such as
712:
512:
is frequently used—typically meaning "only"—but its origins and characteristics are not well-understood. Frequently, the construction of
1744:
relatives: Reconstructing social contexts by means of commercial CD-ROMS". In Tops, Guy A.J.; Devriendt, Betty; Geukens, Steven (eds.).
621:
is included. The zero form was common in documents closely relating to speech, such as sermons, suggesting spoken
English often omitted
1304:
Honkapohja, Alpo (2019). "Anchorites and abbreviations: A corpus study of abbreviations of
Germanic and Romance lexicon in the
708:
1824:
268:
when used in this context, while writing that is increasingly formal—ranging from verse to fiction to nonfiction—finds
1753:
1676:
1317:
297:, such as when one says "I was that ill ... I couldn't even stand up." But just as in its use as a relative adverb,
301:
as an intensifier is best understood when the addressee infers meaning from its usage. In the example given,
234:
describes which specific object is being discussed; for example, in the phrase "that spotted dog is Fido",
705:
1814:
609:
or to omit it. This construction—as in "I suspect (that) he is right"—is called the zero form when
539:(redundantly), and it began to be used as an independent adverb. In the context of weather events,
1270:"Revisiting the system of English relative clauses: Structure, semantics, discourse functionality"
702:
446:
1819:
1308:". In Stenroos, Merja; Mäkinen, Martti; Thengs, Kjetil Vikhamar; Traxel, Oliver Martin (eds.).
695:
694:(weak form) according to its grammatical role, with one as a demonstrative and the other as an
219:
pronoun refers to a specific object being discussed, such as in "that is a cat"; the word is a
201:
109:
Pronunciation of the word varies according to its role within a sentence, with a strong form,
1640:
286:
is used as a relative adverb, such as in "it doesn't cost that much". When used in this way,
197:
46:
556:
Similarly, for several centuries in Old
English and early Middle English texts, the phrase
324:
220:
340:
8:
728:
716:
436:
179:
serves several grammatical purposes. Owing to its wide versatility in usage, the writer
1792:
1727:
in eastern dialects of
British English". In Hickey, Raymond; Puppel, Stanislav (eds.).
1707:
1667:
in late Middle
English". In Saito, Toshio; Nakamura, Junsaku; Yamazaki, Shunji (eds.).
1580:
1547:
1510:
1502:
1432:
1390:
1348:
1292:
1218:
Cheshire, Jenny (March 1995). "That jacksprat: An interactional perspective on
English
1206:
583:
277:
257:
245:
together, such as in "I know that Peter is right". In sentences with several clauses,
1784:
1749:
1711:
1672:
1584:
1539:
1514:
1494:
1436:
1382:
1352:
1313:
1296:
1235:
1210:
413:
290:
requires inferences be drawn by the listener to determine the meaning of the speaker.
1776:
1699:
1626:
1572:
1486:
1461:
1424:
1340:
1284:
1256:
1231:
1198:
668:
639:
598:
570:("while") was much more commonplace, with its frequency some six times as large as
141:
112:
34:
293:
The word also intensifies elements of a sentence, similar in function to the word
1371:"'Hit' AND 'ðæt' anticipating subject clauses in OE: True syntactic equivalents?"
1260:
602:
520:
was in the original Latin, which referred then to a following clause. The use of
419:
1344:
180:
1703:
1576:
1288:
249:
is also used as a discriminator to differentiate between subjects of a clause.
1808:
1788:
1543:
1498:
1386:
469:
315:
216:
1428:
1402:
Ngefac, Aloysius (2005). "Homophones and heterophones in
Cameroon English".
1202:
614:
463:(among other representations), before again being replaced by the modern
205:
69:
58:
1551:
1523:
1394:
1370:
423:) was used as an abbreviation, before it was phased out by the Romantic
1796:
1764:
1506:
1490:
1474:
1746:
Thinking English Grammar To Honour Xavier Dekeyser, Professor Emeritus
1631:
1465:
1602:
Bulletin of the School of Allied Medical Sciences Nagasaki University
193:
42:
1780:
838:
536:
391:
instead took on the role of both a subject and an object, and when
1656:
Conduct and carnival: Domestic soft power in early modern comedies
1327:
Mańczak, Witold (1973). "The use and omission of the conjunction
1187:
Early modern ecostudies: From the Florentine Codex to Shakespeare
189:
50:
38:
1243:
Cheshire, Jenny; Adger, David; Fox, Sue (March 2013). "Relative
577:
571:
564:
557:
547:
540:
530:
522:
514:
506:
491:
467:. Among all relative markers in the English language, including
458:
451:
406:
400:
393:
386:
379:
373:
was widely used in Old English, though it was later replaced by
368:
361:
353:
345:
333:
85:
79:
73:
893:
891:
733:
242:
54:
504:(but only sparsely in original Old English texts), the phrase
238:
specifies which particular dog is Fido among all spotted dogs.
790:
501:
61:; it has distance from the speaker, as opposed to words like
22:
888:
1663:
Otsu, Norihiko (2002a). "On the absence of the conjunction
1452:
in the language of film dubbing: A corpus-based analysis".
1415:– Incipient grammaticalisation in Old and Middle English".
939:
674:
671:
642:
590:
147:
144:
115:
1035:
440:
1617:
as an invariable relativizer in the history of English".
1613:
Suárez, Cristina (1 January 2012). "The consolidation of
1592:
Sonoda, Kenji (2004). "The restrictive relative pronouns
951:
861:
859:
857:
855:
853:
756:
754:
645:
118:
21:
For the mode in northern Indian or Hindustani music, see
1101:
1064:
1062:
1091:
1089:
1011:
999:
987:
975:
963:
878:
876:
874:
766:
1735:
1149:
927:
850:
844:
751:
1559:
Seppänen, Aimo (May 2004). "The Old English relative
1137:
1074:
1059:
1047:
1161:
1125:
1113:
1086:
915:
903:
871:
802:
778:
677:
648:
150:
121:
1736:Van den Eynden Morpeth, Nadine (1999). "Jack Sprat
814:
1023:
826:
16:Word used in English language for several purposes
1475:"Demonstratives, demonstrations, and demonstrata"
1806:
1242:
897:
545:was never used, such as in the example sentence
227:, where there is a relative sense of closeness).
411:was always relative in orientation. The symbol
102:has recently replaced some usage of the modern
94:. It also took on the role of the modern word
385:had only stood in for subjects of a clause,
1645:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of May 2024 (
331:did not exist, and was only represented by
241:In its usage as a conjunction, it connects
78:. Once it came into being, it was spelt as
1653:
1303:
957:
945:
359:in writing, but by the time Ælfric lived,
1762:
1729:Language history and linguistic modelling
1630:
772:
1719:Poussa, Patricia (1997). "Derivation of
1558:
1521:
1417:Transactions of the Philological Society
1217:
1184:
1017:
1005:
993:
981:
969:
933:
865:
760:
314:
230:When used as a demonstrative adjective,
1326:
1267:
1155:
808:
1807:
1718:
1612:
1591:
1472:
1443:
1410:
1404:Alizés: Revue angliciste de la Réunion
1401:
1359:
1310:Current explorations in Middle English
1167:
1143:
1080:
1068:
1053:
1041:
921:
909:
882:
832:
796:
784:
597:, and more generally in introducing a
442:Bleste be yͤ man yÍ spares thes stones
264:had been largely replaced by the word
1685:
1662:
1364:. London: Early English Text Society.
1131:
1119:
1107:
1095:
820:
605:allows the speaker to either include
98:, though this has since changed, and
72:, and its concept was represented by
68:The word did not originally exist in
1368:
1029:
719:, resulting in a pronunciation of .
1669:English corpus linguistics in Japan
1654:Sutherland, Kristina Regan (2020).
310:
13:
1268:Cornish, Francis (November 2018).
41:purposes. These include use as an
14:
1836:
1619:Nordic Journal of English Studies
441:
90:), taking the role of the modern
1692:English Language and Linguistics
1565:English Language and Linguistics
1411:Nykiel, Jerzy (November 2018). "
1277:English Language and Linguistics
667:
638:
628:
418:
140:
111:
500:In Old English translations of
435:, as seen in the gravestone of
188:can be used as a demonstrative
170:
1177:
898:Cheshire, Adger & Fox 2013
553:(translated as "that rains").
1:
1658:(PhD). University of Georgia.
1532:Neuphilologische Mitteilungen
1454:Meta: Journal des traducteurs
1375:Neuphilologische Mitteilungen
739:
489:—through its ancient form of
1731:. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
1261:10.1016/j.lingua.2012.11.014
1247:and the actuation problem".
1236:10.1016/0378-2166(95)00032-1
744:
431:was a ligature to represent
351:was normally regularized as
7:
1369:Naya, Belén Méndez (1995).
845:Van den Eynden Morpeth 1999
722:
497:—appears to be the oldest.
10:
1841:
1765:"Truth and demonstratives"
1345:10.1515/ling.1973.11.95.51
367:was common. As a pronoun,
20:
1825:Declarative subordinators
1763:Weinstein, Scott (1974).
1704:10.1017/S1360674302000217
1577:10.1017/S136067430400125X
1289:10.1017/S136067431700003X
701:The pronunciation of the
457:was entirely replaced by
1522:Rissanen, Matti (1967).
1360:Morris, Richard (1868).
1185:Bovilsky, Lara (2011). "
799:, pp. 194–195, 201.
636:is pronounced either as
1444:Pavesi, Maria (2013). "
1429:10.1111/1467-968X.12140
703:voiced dental fricative
578:
572:
565:
558:
548:
541:
531:
523:
515:
507:
492:
459:
452:
407:
401:
394:
387:
380:
369:
362:
354:
346:
334:
252:As a relative pronoun,
86:
84:(among others, such as
80:
74:
1635:(inactive 2024-05-16).
1473:Reimer, Marga (1991).
1312:. Berlin: Peter Lang.
576:in a surveyed corpus.
320:
280:) relatively increase.
37:word used for several
1671:. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
1479:Philosophical Studies
1224:Journal of Pragmatics
1203:10.1353/shq.2011.0017
1191:Shakespeare Quarterly
318:
1044:, pp. 575, 586.
319:Grave of Shakespeare
272:usage decreasing as
221:distal demonstrative
1110:, pp. 225–226.
729:Dependent statement
717:Cameroonian English
625:in these contexts.
437:William Shakespeare
258:restrictive clauses
1491:10.1007/BF00381687
584:grammaticalisation
321:
1632:10.35360/njes.256
1466:10.7202/1023812ar
948:, pp. 60–61.
665:(strong form) or
535:seems to be used
341:Ælfric of Eynsham
192:, demonstrative
138:and a weak form,
1832:
1800:
1759:
1732:
1715:
1682:
1659:
1650:
1644:
1636:
1634:
1609:
1588:
1555:
1518:
1469:
1440:
1407:
1398:
1365:
1356:
1323:
1300:
1274:
1264:
1239:
1214:
1171:
1165:
1159:
1153:
1147:
1141:
1135:
1129:
1123:
1117:
1111:
1105:
1099:
1093:
1084:
1078:
1072:
1066:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1039:
1033:
1027:
1021:
1015:
1009:
1003:
997:
991:
985:
979:
973:
967:
961:
955:
949:
943:
937:
931:
925:
919:
913:
907:
901:
895:
886:
880:
869:
863:
848:
842:
836:
830:
824:
818:
812:
806:
800:
794:
788:
782:
776:
770:
764:
758:
711:, such as being
707:
693:
692:
691:
690:
683:
680:
679:
676:
673:
664:
663:
662:
661:
654:
651:
650:
647:
644:
599:dependent clause
581:
575:
568:
561:
551:
544:
534:
526:
518:
510:
495:
462:
455:
444:
443:
422:
410:
405:were both used,
404:
397:
390:
383:
372:
365:
357:
349:
337:
311:Historical usage
166:
165:
164:
163:
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
137:
136:
135:
134:
127:
124:
123:
120:
117:
89:
83:
77:
35:English language
1840:
1839:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1829:
1815:English grammar
1805:
1804:
1803:
1781:10.2307/2214785
1756:
1740:and the humble
1679:
1638:
1637:
1320:
1272:
1180:
1175:
1174:
1166:
1162:
1154:
1150:
1142:
1138:
1130:
1126:
1118:
1114:
1106:
1102:
1094:
1087:
1079:
1075:
1067:
1060:
1052:
1048:
1040:
1036:
1028:
1024:
1016:
1012:
1004:
1000:
992:
988:
980:
976:
968:
964:
958:Sutherland 2020
956:
952:
946:Honkapohja 2019
944:
940:
932:
928:
920:
916:
908:
904:
896:
889:
881:
872:
864:
851:
843:
839:
831:
827:
819:
815:
807:
803:
795:
791:
783:
779:
771:
767:
759:
752:
747:
742:
725:
686:
685:
670:
666:
657:
656:
641:
637:
631:
603:English grammar
601:, contemporary
313:
173:
159:
158:
143:
139:
130:
129:
114:
110:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1838:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1802:
1801:
1775:(2): 179–184.
1760:
1754:
1733:
1716:
1698:(2): 225–238.
1683:
1677:
1660:
1651:
1610:
1589:
1556:
1538:(4): 409–428.
1519:
1485:(2): 187–202.
1470:
1460:(1): 103–133.
1441:
1423:(3): 574–593.
1408:
1399:
1366:
1357:
1324:
1318:
1301:
1283:(3): 431–456.
1265:
1240:
1230:(3): 369–393.
1215:
1197:(2): 292–295.
1181:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1160:
1158:, p. 438.
1148:
1146:, p. 691.
1136:
1134:, p. 232.
1124:
1122:, p. 227.
1112:
1100:
1098:, p. 225.
1085:
1083:, p. 588.
1073:
1071:, p. 586.
1058:
1056:, p. 575.
1046:
1034:
1022:
1020:, p. 417.
1010:
1008:, p. 425.
998:
996:, p. 412.
986:
984:, p. 409.
974:
972:, p. 292.
962:
960:, p. vii.
950:
938:
926:
914:
902:
887:
870:
868:, p. 378.
849:
847:, p. 121.
837:
825:
823:, p. 226.
813:
801:
789:
787:, p. 105.
777:
775:, p. 180.
773:Weinstein 1974
765:
763:, p. 370.
749:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
737:
736:
731:
724:
721:
630:
627:
537:pleonastically
447:Middle English
312:
309:
308:
307:
291:
281:
278:interrogatives
250:
239:
228:
181:Joseph Addison
172:
169:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1837:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1820:English words
1818:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1761:
1757:
1755:9789042907638
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1684:
1680:
1678:9789042013698
1674:
1670:
1666:
1661:
1657:
1652:
1648:
1642:
1633:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1571:(1): 71–102.
1570:
1566:
1562:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1527:
1524:"Old English
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1367:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1339:(95): 51–58.
1338:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1321:
1319:9783631784730
1315:
1311:
1307:
1306:Ancrene Wisse
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1182:
1170:, p. 44.
1169:
1164:
1157:
1152:
1145:
1140:
1133:
1128:
1121:
1116:
1109:
1104:
1097:
1092:
1090:
1082:
1077:
1070:
1065:
1063:
1055:
1050:
1043:
1038:
1032:, p. 28.
1031:
1026:
1019:
1018:Rissanen 1967
1014:
1007:
1006:Rissanen 1967
1002:
995:
994:Rissanen 1967
990:
983:
982:Rissanen 1967
978:
971:
970:Bovilsky 2011
966:
959:
954:
947:
942:
936:, p. 73.
935:
934:Seppänen 2004
930:
924:, p. 89.
923:
918:
912:, p. ix.
911:
906:
899:
894:
892:
885:, p. 80.
884:
879:
877:
875:
867:
866:Cheshire 1995
862:
860:
858:
856:
854:
846:
841:
834:
829:
822:
817:
811:, p. 58.
810:
805:
798:
793:
786:
781:
774:
769:
762:
761:Cheshire 1995
757:
755:
750:
735:
732:
730:
727:
726:
720:
718:
714:
710:
704:
699:
697:
689:
682:
660:
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635:
629:Pronunciation
626:
624:
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616:
612:
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430:
427:. Similarly,
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409:
403:
398:
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389:
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377:words. Where
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263:
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248:
244:
240:
237:
233:
229:
226:
222:
218:
217:demonstrative
214:
211:
210:
209:
207:
203:
202:relative word
199:
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178:
168:
162:
155:
133:
126:
107:
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97:
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82:
76:
71:
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64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
31:
24:
19:
1772:
1768:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1668:
1664:
1655:
1641:cite journal
1622:
1618:
1614:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1568:
1564:
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1535:
1531:
1525:
1482:
1478:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1403:
1381:(1): 23–37.
1378:
1374:
1361:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1309:
1305:
1280:
1276:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1163:
1156:Cornish 2018
1151:
1139:
1127:
1115:
1103:
1076:
1049:
1037:
1025:
1013:
1001:
989:
977:
965:
953:
941:
929:
917:
905:
840:
835:, p. 1.
828:
816:
809:Mańczak 1973
804:
792:
780:
768:
700:
633:
632:
622:
618:
615:text corpora
610:
606:
594:
588:
582:experienced
563:
555:
546:
521:
513:
505:
499:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
468:
464:
450:
432:
428:
424:
412:
392:
378:
374:
360:
352:
344:
332:
328:
322:
302:
298:
294:
287:
283:
273:
269:
265:
261:
253:
246:
235:
231:
224:
212:
185:
176:
174:
171:Modern usage
108:
103:
99:
95:
91:
67:
62:
29:
28:
27:
18:
1748:. Peeters.
1413:Onmang Ăžaet
1333:Linguistics
1189:(review)".
1178:Works cited
1168:Ngefac 2005
1144:Poussa 1997
1081:Nykiel 2018
1069:Nykiel 2018
1054:Nykiel 2018
1042:Nykiel 2018
922:Suárez 2012
910:Morris 1868
883:Suárez 2012
833:Sonoda 2004
797:Reimer 1991
785:Pavesi 2013
325:Old English
256:introduces
206:intensifier
198:conjunction
70:Old English
59:intensifier
47:conjunction
39:grammatical
1809:Categories
1690:-clause".
1132:Otsu 2002a
1120:Otsu 2002a
1108:Otsu 2002a
1096:Otsu 2002a
821:Otsu 2002b
740:References
579:Onmang þæt
573:onmang þæt
559:onmang þæt
549:þæt rigneð
1789:0029-4624
1712:120420972
1625:(1): 79.
1608:(2): 1–4.
1600:in BrE".
1585:122524683
1544:0028-3754
1515:170148319
1499:0031-8116
1437:149971418
1387:0028-3754
1353:144204069
1297:125481529
1255:: 51–77.
1211:191566397
1030:Naya 1995
745:Citations
696:anaphoric
204:, and an
194:adjective
175:The word
43:adjective
1552:43342366
1406:: 39–53.
1395:43346052
723:See also
709:may vary
593:such as
1797:2214785
1528:'only'"
1507:4320229
713:stopped
445:". In
306:belief.
276:words (
243:clauses
190:pronoun
51:pronoun
1795:
1787:
1752:
1710:
1675:
1583:
1550:
1542:
1526:þæt an
1513:
1505:
1497:
1435:
1393:
1385:
1351:
1316:
1295:
1249:Lingua
1209:
734:Deixis
589:After
524:þæt an
516:þæt an
508:þæt an
481:, and
55:adverb
33:is an
1793:JSTOR
1723:from
1708:S2CID
1598:which
1581:S2CID
1548:JSTOR
1511:S2CID
1503:JSTOR
1433:S2CID
1391:JSTOR
1349:S2CID
1293:S2CID
1273:(PDF)
1207:S2CID
684:
655:
591:verbs
566:hwile
502:Latin
479:whose
475:which
266:which
215:as a
157:
128:
104:which
23:Thaat
1785:ISSN
1769:Noûs
1750:ISBN
1738:that
1673:ISBN
1665:that
1647:link
1596:and
1594:that
1540:ISSN
1495:ISSN
1450:that
1448:and
1446:This
1383:ISSN
1329:that
1314:ISBN
1220:that
634:That
623:that
619:that
611:that
607:that
595:said
487:that
483:what
465:that
433:that
399:and
329:that
303:that
299:that
288:that
284:That
270:that
262:that
254:that
247:that
236:that
232:that
225:this
213:That
186:That
177:that
100:that
96:what
92:that
63:this
57:and
30:That
1777:doi
1742:wh-
1725:Ăžat
1700:doi
1688:gif
1627:doi
1615:Ăľat
1573:doi
1563:".
1487:doi
1462:doi
1425:doi
1421:116
1341:doi
1331:".
1285:doi
1257:doi
1253:126
1245:who
1232:doi
1222:".
1199:doi
715:in
706:/Ă°/
542:þæt
532:þæt
493:þæt
470:who
460:Ăľat
439:: "
408:þæt
402:þæt
388:þæt
375:wh-
370:þæt
363:þæt
347:þæt
323:In
274:wh-
200:,
196:,
87:Ăľet
81:þæt
1811::
1791:.
1783:.
1771:.
1767:.
1721:it
1706:.
1694:.
1643:}}
1639:{{
1623:11
1621:.
1606:17
1604:.
1579:.
1567:.
1561:Ăľe
1546:.
1536:68
1534:.
1530:.
1509:.
1501:.
1493:.
1483:63
1481:.
1477:.
1458:58
1456:.
1431:.
1419:.
1389:.
1379:96
1377:.
1373:.
1347:.
1337:11
1335:.
1291:.
1281:22
1279:.
1275:.
1251:.
1228:25
1226:.
1205:.
1195:62
1193:.
1088:^
1061:^
890:^
873:^
852:^
753:^
485:,
477:,
473:,
453:Ăľe
449:,
429:yÍ
395:Ăľe
381:Ăľe
355:Ăľe
343:,
335:Ăľe
327:,
295:so
208:.
167:.
106:.
75:Ăľe
65:.
53:,
49:,
45:,
1799:.
1779::
1773:8
1758:.
1714:.
1702::
1696:6
1681:.
1649:)
1629::
1587:.
1575::
1569:8
1554:.
1517:.
1489::
1468:.
1464::
1439:.
1427::
1397:.
1355:.
1343::
1322:.
1299:.
1287::
1263:.
1259::
1238:.
1234::
1213:.
1201::
900:.
681:/
678:t
675:É™
672:Ă°
669:/
652:/
649:t
646:æ
643:Ă°
640:/
425:Ăľ
417:(
414:ꝥ
154:/
151:t
148:É™
145:Ă°
142:/
125:/
122:t
119:æ
116:Ă°
113:/
25:.
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