1465:
1062:
1489:
1428:
1565:
1533:
2012:
1309:
1154:
1440:
1649:
1725:
1992:
142:
1870:
1784:
32:
1961:
1186:). Inside there are normally three courtyards, although sometimes there are only two. However, the complex in Qufu has nine courtyards containing scores of steles commemorating visits by an emperor or imperial grants of noble titles upon descendants of Confucius. The main building, situated in the inner courtyard with entry via the
1755:
to educate future government officials in
Confucianism. These consisted of a building for teaching, together with a building (Daesongjeon 대성전) which housed the memorial tablets of Confucius. Although Chinese models were followed, variations in layout and construction were common, such as the building
1332:
temples, Confucian temples do not normally have images. In the early years of the temple in Qufu, it appears that the spirits of
Confucius and his disciples were represented with wall paintings and clay or wooden statues. Official temples also contained images of Confucius himself. However, there was
1356:
A dance known as the Eight-Row Dance (八佾舞), consisting of eight columns of eight dancers each, was also performed. Originally this was a Six-Row Dance, as performed for the lesser aristocracy, but in 1477 Confucius was allowed the imperial honour of the eight-row dance since he posthumously received
1344:
to decree that all new
Confucian temples should contain only spirit tablets and no images. In 1530, it was decided that all existing images of Confucius should be replaced with spirit tablets in imperial temples in the capital and other bureaucratic locations; nevertheless many modern Confucian
1464:
1119:, first built in 1302. The Confucian Temple of old Tianjin is located on Dongmennei Dajie, a short distance west of Traditional Culture Street (Gu Wenhua Jie). Occupying 32 acres of land, the Confucian Temple is the largest extant traditional architectural complex in Tianjin.
1137:, who commanded that the Confucian residence should be used to worship and offer sacrifice to Confucius. The temple was expanded repeatedly over a period of more than 2,000 years until it became the huge complex currently standing. There is another temple in
1169:
Beginning in the Tang dynasty (618–907), Confucian temples were built in prefectural and county schools throughout the empire, either to the front of or on one side of the school. The front gate of the temple is called the
Lingxing Gate
1141:. In addition to Confucian temples associated with the state cult of Confucius, there were also ancestral temples belonging to the Kong lineage, buildings commemorating Confucius's deeds throughout China, and private temples within
940:
1884:
Confucian temples are also found in
Indonesia, where they are often known as "Churches of Confucius" as Confucianism is a recognised religion in that country. In Chinese, these establishments are known as
1099:
decreed that schools in all provinces and counties should have a
Confucian temple, as a result of which temples spread throughout China. Well-known Confucian shrines include the Confucian Temple in
1333:
opposition to this practice, which was seen as imitative of
Buddhist temples. It was also argued that the point of the imperial temples was to honour Confucius's teachings, not the man himself.
2451:
2303:
1488:
1937:
at that time. In those days parents in Penang brought their children to this temple for prayer before they began their schooling. The children prayed for excellence in their studies.
2062:
1374:", and other disciples and Confucian scholars through history. The composition and number of figures worshipped changed and grew through time. Since temples were a statement of
1524:. Starting in the 18th century, some were even built in Europe and the Americas. At their height, there are estimated to have been over 3,000 Confucian temples in existence.
1600:, and re-erected on Dalong Street from 1925 to 1939. The new temple was designed by Wang Yi-Shun, who also oversaw its construction. The design is an example of typical
2072:
2016:
2243:
2325:
1218:), variously translated as "Hall of Great Achievement", "Hall of Great Completion", or "Hall of Great Perfection". In imperial China, this hall housed the
2406:
2458:
1756:
of schools in front of temples. Korea also added its own scholars (the eighteen scholars of the East) to the
Confucian pantheon (the five sages).
1439:
2206:
1898:
1427:
1080:(r. 206–195 BC), offered a sacrifice to the spirit of Confucius at his tomb in Qufu. Sacrifices to the spirit of Confucius and that of
1739:
Outside China, the largest number of
Confucian temples is found in Korea. Temples as part of schools were first built during the
96:
2574:
2431:
915:
1909:
in 1883 and moved to a new site in 1907. There are reportedly more than 100 Confucianist halls of worship throughout
Indonesia.
68:
3011:
1345:
temples do feature statues. Statues also remained in temples operated by Confucius's family descendants, such as that in Qufu.
2166:
75:
49:
1968:
2160:
1072:
The development of state temples devoted to the cult of Confucius was an outcome of his gradual canonisation. In 195 BC,
1597:
2193:
1133:
Province. It was established in 479 BC, one year after Confucius's death, at the order of the Duke Ai of the State of
2329:
921:
There is a 72-meter-tall statue of Confucius made of brass and reinforced with steel. The giant statue is located in
115:
82:
2426:
2729:
1763:
and the division of the country, those in the North were converted to use as a center of traditional culture (see
1061:
2444:
1922:
1747:(r. 1392–1398), Confucianism underpinned the new dynasty and its government. Thus government Confucian schools (
1549:
1537:
1386:
1081:
1676:, Confucian temples began to spread throughout the country. Another renowned Vietnamese Confucian temple is the
64:
2376:
2348:
1677:
1298:
1279:
1255:
1239:
1223:
1199:
1179:
757:
580:
509:
438:
343:
248:
166:
53:
2108:
2096:
2050:
1996:
1637:
1613:
1305:), which honoured the ancestors of Confucius and the fathers of the Four Correlates and Twelve Philosophers.
1290:
1271:
1247:
1231:
1191:
1171:
596:
525:
454:
359:
264:
182:
3021:
3016:
2848:
2584:
2569:
2518:
2044:
1624:
that was completed in 1974 in the Northern Song architectural style. Other Confucian temples are found in
2411:
2154:
2078:
2056:
2038:
1665:
1353:
The worship of Confucius centred upon offering sacrifices to Confucius's spirit in the Confucian temple.
1116:
944:
1604:
temple style. Every year on September 28, the birthday of Confucius, city authorities hold the Shidian (
1548:, passed in September 2013. The location of the temple was decided to be near the famous Taoist temple,
3001:
2120:
1918:
1834:
867:
2401:
1814:, built in 1630 during the Edo period as a private school connected with the Neo-Confucianist scholar
2559:
2090:
2032:
1886:
1810:
were also widely built in Japan, often in conjunction with Confucian schools. The most famous is the
1633:
1122:
147:
1544:
The bill allowing for the building of the very first Confucian temple in Hong Kong, proposed by the
2084:
1095:
constructed a Confucian temple in the capital, the first outside of Qufu in the north. In 630, the
811:
2503:
2416:
2187:
2114:
2102:
2066:
1629:
1625:
1589:
1577:
1512:
With the spread of Confucian learning throughout East Asia, Confucian temples were also built in
89:
42:
2523:
2467:
1775:
also has twelve Confucian family temples, two temples in private schools, and three libraries.
1418:
2794:
2739:
2655:
2625:
2579:
2528:
2232:
1972:
1553:
903:
1413:(Zhonggong), Zai Yu (Ziwo), Zi-gong, Ran You, Zi-Lu, Zi-You, Zi-Xia, Zi-Zhang, You Ruo, and
2827:
2180:
1564:
1417:. A list of disciples of Confucius and their place in the Confucian temple can be found at
911:
907:
1286:). Another important building behind the main building is the Shrine of Adoring the Sage (
1084:, his most prominent disciple, began in the Imperial University (Biyong) as early as 241.
729:
709:
461:
445:
8:
2698:
2486:
2228:
2011:
1581:
1375:
1371:
1009:
993:
975:
836:
651:
2965:
2421:
2290:
On Sacred Grounds: Culture, Society, Politics and the Formation of the Cult of Confucius
1934:
1858:
1842:
1827:
1681:
1308:
1385:(20th century), there were a total of 162 figures worshipped. The Four Correlates are
1357:
the title of king. Musicians who accompanied this dance played a form of music termed
415:
320:
2853:
2645:
2630:
2554:
1772:
1545:
1532:
1382:
1153:
1142:
1038:
2288:
Sommer, Deborah (2002). "Destroying Confucius: Iconoclasm in the Confucian Temple".
3026:
2975:
2789:
2784:
2734:
2650:
2620:
2549:
2513:
2491:
2311:
2253:
2223:
1874:
1673:
1617:
1605:
1471:
1211:
1112:
1108:
966:
621:
550:
479:
384:
289:
218:
20:
2142:
1917:
The first Confucian temple in Malaysia was built within a primary school known as
1811:
3006:
2817:
2754:
2599:
2544:
1850:
1767:). However, some of the 232 temples in the South continued their activities (see
1367:
1329:
984:
925:, Shandong province, birthplace of the ancient Chinese educator and philosopher.
855:
1944:, namely SMJK Confucian and Confucian Private School, and a Confucian school in
1091:
dynasty of southern China built a prominent state Confucian temple. In 489, the
793:
789:
725:
705:
672:
603:
587:
532:
516:
366:
350:
271:
255:
189:
173:
2884:
2879:
2708:
2688:
2665:
2604:
2371:
2343:
2248:
2237:
1838:
1451:
1337:
202:
2136:
1759:
Historically, Korea had a total of 362 temples devoted to Confucianism. After
2995:
2940:
2812:
2660:
2589:
1929:, in the early 20th century. The building of the school was initiated by the
1815:
1648:
1479:
1325:
1219:
1017:
1724:
1672:. After 1397, with the construction of schools throughout Vietnam under the
1669:
2980:
2911:
2670:
2635:
2564:
2402:
Images of the Temple of Culture, with detailed history of Confucian temples
2173:
1991:
1941:
1830:, and a major state-sponsored school, Shoheikō, was opened on its grounds.
1760:
1499:
1341:
1096:
1092:
899:
665:
628:
557:
486:
405:
391:
310:
296:
225:
2200:
2126:
1336:
The lack of unity in likenesses in statues of Confucius first led Emperor
2930:
2901:
2889:
2771:
2744:
2703:
2436:
1819:
1744:
1366:
In addition to worshipping Confucius, Confucian temples also honour the "
1077:
141:
2832:
2822:
2749:
2020:
1846:
1823:
1478:. The Jiading Temple of Confucius now operates a museum devoted to the
1134:
1073:
2766:
2693:
2498:
2000:
1906:
1878:
1869:
1709:
1701:
1621:
1378:, the issue of which Confucians to enshrine was a controversial one.
936:
895:
1783:
1016:). In Southern China, however, temples by that name generally honor
31:
2970:
2935:
2776:
2640:
2210:
1902:
1764:
1748:
1713:
1705:
1697:
1475:
1410:
1406:
1317:
1130:
1104:
1100:
1088:
1065:
Hall of Great Perfection (Dacheng Hall) of the Confucius temple in
2945:
2906:
2894:
2874:
2594:
2508:
1945:
1685:
1513:
1402:
1398:
1394:
412:
317:
16:
Temple to venerate Confucius and Confucian sages and philosophers
1921:(which has since split into SJK(C) Chung Hwa Confucian A, B and
2918:
2759:
2148:
2024:
2004:
1926:
1822:, it was moved at the end of the 18th century near present-day
1768:
1752:
1740:
1728:
1693:
1689:
1601:
1593:
1585:
1573:
1495:
1455:
1414:
1390:
1313:
1162:
1158:
1138:
891:
698:
2923:
1732:
1653:
1596:
in 1879, torn down by Japanese in 1907 to make place for the
1521:
1517:
1359:
782:
718:
420:
325:
1494:
The Hall of Great Achievement of the Temple of Confucius in
2869:
2481:
2130:
1948:
where ceremonies in honour of Confucius are held annually.
1930:
1854:
1126:
1066:
1020:, a separate deity associated with the scholar Zhang Yazi.
922:
910:. They were formerly the site of the administration of the
2310:(in Chinese). Hong Kong. 11 September 2013. Archived from
2417:
Asian Historical Architecture: Confucian temple in Suzhou
2407:
Full Virtual Walk & Info on Confucius Temple, Beijing
1446:
918:
and often housed schools and other studying facilities.
2244:
Supreme Council for the Confucian Religion in Indonesia
1897:) or "halls of worship". The largest and oldest is the
935:
The temples are known by a variety of names throughout
1771:). In addition to temples devoted to Confucianism the
816:
2306:[Wong Tai Sin Temple of Confucius landmark].
633:
562:
491:
396:
301:
230:
762:
1664:. The earliest recorded Văn Miếu in Vietnam is the
1230:) of Confucius and those of other important sages (
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2412:Asian Historical Architecture: Fuzimiao in Nanjing
2993:
1833:Other well-known Confucian temples are found in
841:
670:
656:
2151:, the Temple of Confucius in Seoul, South Korea
1803:
1797:
787:
2452:
1892:
1684:. Well-known Confucian temples were built in
1125:is found in Confucius' hometown, present-day
955:, 孔廟). In some localities, they are known as
601:
585:
530:
514:
459:
443:
364:
348:
269:
253:
187:
171:
723:
703:
1580:, which was built during the period of the
2466:
2459:
2445:
2277:. Beijing: Zhonghua shuji. p. 15.373.
1123:The largest and oldest Temple of Confucius
2145:, the Temple of Confucius in Tokyo, Japan
1612:) Ceremony here. In addition, there is a
1507:
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
2139:, the Temple of Confucius in Taku, Japan
2010:
1990:
1940:There are also two Confucian schools in
1868:
1818:. Originally built in Shinobi-ga-oka in
1782:
1723:
1660:A Confucian temple in Vietnam is called
1652:A Văn Miếu, or Temple of Literature, in
1647:
1563:
1531:
1312:Main hall of the Temple of Confucius in
1307:
1157:The gates of the Temple of Confucius in
1152:
1060:
2575:Interactions Between Heaven and Mankind
1433:Prayer plaques in a temple of Confucius
2994:
2427:Surabaya, with description of Boen Bio
2287:
2440:
1482:formerly administered at the temples.
2326:"Dịch hai chữ Văn Miếu ra tiếng Tây"
2105:, Taiwan ("Taiwan Confucian Temple")
1955:
1743:period (918–1392). From the time of
54:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
1266:in Qufu is the Apricot Pavilion or
13:
1951:
1933:dynasty ambassador to the British
898:and the sages and philosophers of
687:Temple of (the Sage of) Literature
14:
3038:
2395:
1905:, originally built in the city's
1668:, established in 1070 during the
1004:Temples of the Sage of Literature
2730:Confucian royal ancestral shrine
2097:Temple of Confucius in Kaohsiung
1959:
1487:
1463:
1438:
1426:
140:
30:
2369:
2272:
2121:Temple of Confucius in Nagasaki
2109:Temple of Confucius in Changhua
2091:Temple of Confucius in Taichung
2063:Temple of Confucius in Jianshui
2051:Temple of Confucius in Shanghai
2045:Temple of the Master in Nanjing
2035:, China (Confucius's home town)
1787:Entrance gate of reconstructed
1598:Taipei First Girls' High School
1592:, was built on Wenwu Street in
421:
326:
41:needs additional citations for
2422:The Confucian temple in Tainan
2377:Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
2363:
2349:Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
2336:
2318:
2296:
2281:
2266:
2085:Temple of Confucius in Taoyuan
2073:Temple of Confucius in Daixian
2039:Temple of Confucius in Beijing
1572:The first Confucian temple in
1401:. The Twelve Philosophers are
1302:
1294:
1283:
1275:
1259:
1251:
1243:
1235:
1227:
1203:
1195:
1183:
1175:
939:. The two greatest temples in
817:
763:
671:
634:
602:
586:
563:
531:
515:
492:
460:
444:
397:
365:
349:
302:
270:
254:
231:
188:
172:
1:
3012:5th-century BC establishments
2259:
2129:, the Temple of Confucius in
2115:Temple of Confucius in Chiayi
2103:Temple of Confucius in Tainan
2079:Temple of Confucius in Taipei
2057:Temple of Confucius in Suzhou
1024:, they are usually known as "
150:
2849:Four Books and Five Classics
2585:Ancestor veneration in China
2570:Unity of Heaven and humanity
1864:
1588:. A more recent temple, the
1527:
1148:
947:are now known in Chinese as
7:
2432:The Taipei Confucius Temple
2217:
2033:Temple of Confucius in Qufu
1912:
1804:
1470:The Temple of Confucius in
1117:Confucian Temple in Beijing
914:in China, Korea, Japan and
148:Temple of Confucius in Qufu
10:
3043:
1919:Chung Hwa Confucian School
1643:
1576:to be constructed was the
1348:
1103:, the Confucian Temple in
1056:
860:
18:
2958:
2862:
2841:
2805:
2717:
2681:
2613:
2560:Confucian ritual religion
2537:
2474:
1893:
1798:
1609:
1559:
1215:
876:
866:
854:
849:
835:
830:
810:
805:
801:
788:
781:
776:
756:
751:
747:
737:
724:
717:
704:
697:
692:
682:
664:
650:
645:
627:
620:
615:
611:
595:
579:
574:
556:
549:
544:
540:
524:
508:
503:
485:
478:
473:
469:
453:
437:
432:
411:
404:
390:
383:
378:
374:
358:
342:
337:
316:
309:
295:
288:
283:
279:
263:
247:
242:
224:
217:
212:
208:
197:
181:
165:
160:
139:
135:
130:
2017:Daizhou Confucian Temple
1923:SMJK Chung Hwa Confucian
1778:
1751:) were built throughout
1719:
930:
581:Traditional Chinese
510:Traditional Chinese
439:Traditional Chinese
344:Traditional Chinese
249:Traditional Chinese
167:Traditional Chinese
19:Not to be confused with
2504:Ritual and music system
2344:"대성전(大成殿) Daeseongjeon"
1590:Taipei Confucius Temple
1578:Taiwan Confucian Temple
1568:Taipei Confucius Temple
1536:Confucian Hall next to
597:Simplified Chinese
526:Simplified Chinese
455:Simplified Chinese
360:Simplified Chinese
265:Simplified Chinese
183:Simplified Chinese
2468:Religious Confucianism
2372:"대성전(大成殿) Daesongjeon"
2028:
2008:
1881:
1791:
1736:
1657:
1569:
1541:
1508:Outside mainland China
1419:Disciples of Confucius
1321:
1166:
1069:
1013:
997:
979:
949:"Temples of Confucius"
894:for the veneration of
842:
657:
2795:Temple of Agriculture
2740:Religious goods store
2626:Holy Confucian Church
2580:Chinese folk religion
2529:Worship of the living
2314:on 23 September 2013.
2233:Cemetery of Confucius
2169:in Hải Dương, Vietnam
2014:
1994:
1872:
1786:
1727:
1651:
1567:
1554:Wong Tai Sin District
1535:
1311:
1156:
1064:
959:Temples of Literature
904:Chinese folk religion
65:"Temple of Confucius"
2828:Confucian coin charm
2196:in Đồng Nai, Vietnam
2161:Văn Miếu in Hưng Yên
1973:adding missing items
1113:Fuzi Miao in Nanjing
912:imperial examination
908:East Asian religions
872:kungfudzi-i muktehen
758:Revised Romanization
741:Temple of Literature
433:Temple of the Master
243:Temple of Literature
50:improve this article
3022:Confucian education
3017:Confucian buildings
2725:Temple of Confucius
2487:Sacrifice to Heaven
1997:Temple of Confucius
1550:Wong Tai Sin Temple
1538:Wong Tai Sin Temple
1376:Confucian orthodoxy
1372:Twelve Philosophers
1299:traditional Chinese
1280:traditional Chinese
1262:). In front of the
1256:traditional Chinese
1240:traditional Chinese
1200:traditional Chinese
1180:traditional Chinese
884:temple of Confucius
743:Temple of Confucius
131:Temple of Confucius
2224:Confucian churches
2029:
2009:
1971:; you can help by
1935:Straits Settlement
1882:
1859:Okinawa prefecture
1843:Okayama prefecture
1828:Tokugawa Shogunate
1792:
1737:
1678:Văn Miếu, Hưng Yên
1658:
1570:
1542:
1474:, now a suburb of
1452:Confucian ceremony
1322:
1291:simplified Chinese
1272:simplified Chinese
1248:simplified Chinese
1232:simplified Chinese
1192:simplified Chinese
1172:simplified Chinese
1167:
1070:
338:Temple of the Sage
3002:Confucian temples
2989:
2988:
2919:Bluegreen Emperor
2854:Thirteen Classics
2646:Confucian Academy
2631:Xuanyuan teaching
2555:Mandate of Heaven
2155:Văn Miếu in Hanoi
2065:, Yunnan, China (
1989:
1988:
1794:Confucian temples
1773:Republic of Korea
1546:Confucian Academy
1383:Republican period
1206:), is called the
1076:, founder of the
1050:, respectively).
1032:Halls of the Sage
880:
879:
861:ᡴᡠᠩᡶᡠᡯ ᡳ ᠮᡠᡴᡨᡝᡥᡝᠨ
826:
825:
772:
771:
641:
640:
622:Standard Mandarin
570:
569:
551:Standard Mandarin
499:
498:
480:Standard Mandarin
428:
427:
385:Standard Mandarin
333:
332:
290:Standard Mandarin
238:
237:
219:Standard Mandarin
126:
125:
118:
100:
3034:
2959:Tutelary deities
2790:Beijing Shejitan
2785:Temple of Heaven
2781:Beijing Temples
2735:Ancestral shrine
2651:Confucian Shinto
2621:Confucian church
2550:Chinese theology
2461:
2454:
2447:
2438:
2437:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2370:Ahn, Myeong-ho.
2367:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2328:. Archived from
2322:
2316:
2315:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2270:
2254:Buddhist temples
2133:, Okinawa, Japan
1984:
1981:
1963:
1962:
1956:
1896:
1895:
1875:Confucian church
1809:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1618:Zuoying District
1614:Confucian temple
1611:
1582:Tungning Kingdom
1491:
1467:
1442:
1430:
1304:
1296:
1285:
1277:
1261:
1253:
1246:) and worthies (
1245:
1237:
1229:
1217:
1205:
1197:
1185:
1177:
1109:Forest of Steles
1045:
1035:
1007:
992:
974:
962:
950:
888:Confucian temple
862:
845:
822:
821:
803:
802:
797:
796:
768:
767:
749:
748:
733:
732:
713:
712:
688:
678:
677:
660:
658:Văn (Thánh) Miếu
637:
636:
613:
612:
607:
606:
591:
590:
566:
565:
542:
541:
536:
535:
520:
519:
495:
494:
471:
470:
465:
464:
449:
448:
424:
423:
400:
399:
376:
375:
370:
369:
354:
353:
329:
328:
305:
304:
281:
280:
275:
274:
259:
258:
234:
233:
210:
209:
193:
192:
177:
176:
155:
152:
144:
128:
127:
121:
114:
110:
107:
101:
99:
58:
34:
26:
21:Confucian church
3042:
3041:
3037:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3031:
2992:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2954:
2858:
2837:
2818:Tiangong censer
2801:
2713:
2677:
2609:
2600:Yan Huang Zisun
2545:Shendao shejiao
2533:
2470:
2465:
2398:
2393:
2392:
2383:
2381:
2368:
2364:
2355:
2353:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2286:
2282:
2271:
2267:
2262:
2220:
2075:, Shanxi, China
1985:
1979:
1976:
1960:
1954:
1952:List of temples
1915:
1867:
1851:Saga prefecture
1795:
1781:
1722:
1666:Văn Miếu, Hanoi
1646:
1638:Changhua County
1562:
1530:
1510:
1503:
1492:
1483:
1468:
1459:
1450:musicians at a
1443:
1434:
1431:
1368:Four Correlates
1351:
1151:
1059:
1053:
1036:
1029:
1001:
983:
964:
956:
948:
933:
831:Indonesian name
819:
792:
765:
742:
738:Literal meaning
728:
708:
686:
683:Literal meaning
675:
646:Vietnamese name
575:Palace of Study
504:Temple of Study
198:Literal meaning
156:
153:
122:
111:
105:
102:
59:
57:
47:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3040:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2966:Landlord deity
2962:
2960:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2950:
2949:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2928:
2927:
2926:
2916:
2915:
2914:
2909:
2899:
2898:
2897:
2887:
2885:Yellow Emperor
2880:Wufang Shangdi
2877:
2872:
2866:
2864:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2851:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2709:Yamazaki Ansai
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2689:Yellow Emperor
2685:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2617:
2615:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2605:Soil and grain
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2524:Ghost marriage
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2495:
2494:
2484:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2471:
2464:
2463:
2456:
2449:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2397:
2396:External links
2394:
2391:
2390:
2362:
2335:
2332:on 2016-08-17.
2317:
2295:
2280:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2251:
2249:Taoist temples
2246:
2241:
2238:Wenchang Dijun
2235:
2226:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2204:
2197:
2191:
2184:
2177:
2170:
2164:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2140:
2134:
2124:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2094:
2088:
2082:
2076:
2070:
2060:
2054:
2048:
2042:
2036:
1987:
1986:
1966:
1964:
1953:
1950:
1914:
1911:
1866:
1863:
1789:Yushima Seidō.
1780:
1777:
1721:
1718:
1645:
1642:
1561:
1558:
1529:
1526:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1493:
1486:
1484:
1469:
1462:
1460:
1444:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1425:
1350:
1347:
1220:Spirit Tablets
1150:
1147:
1058:
1055:
1014:văn thánh miếu
932:
929:
878:
877:
874:
873:
870:
864:
863:
858:
852:
851:
847:
846:
839:
833:
832:
828:
827:
824:
823:
814:
808:
807:
806:Transcriptions
799:
798:
785:
779:
778:
774:
773:
770:
769:
760:
754:
753:
752:Transcriptions
745:
744:
739:
735:
734:
721:
715:
714:
701:
695:
694:
690:
689:
684:
680:
679:
668:
662:
661:
654:
648:
647:
643:
642:
639:
638:
631:
625:
624:
618:
617:
616:Transcriptions
609:
608:
599:
593:
592:
583:
577:
576:
572:
571:
568:
567:
560:
554:
553:
547:
546:
545:Transcriptions
538:
537:
528:
522:
521:
512:
506:
505:
501:
500:
497:
496:
489:
483:
482:
476:
475:
474:Transcriptions
467:
466:
457:
451:
450:
441:
435:
434:
430:
429:
426:
425:
418:
409:
408:
402:
401:
394:
388:
387:
381:
380:
379:Transcriptions
372:
371:
362:
356:
355:
346:
340:
339:
335:
334:
331:
330:
323:
314:
313:
307:
306:
299:
293:
292:
286:
285:
284:Transcriptions
277:
276:
267:
261:
260:
251:
245:
244:
240:
239:
236:
235:
228:
222:
221:
215:
214:
213:Transcriptions
206:
205:
199:
195:
194:
185:
179:
178:
169:
163:
162:
158:
157:
145:
137:
136:
133:
132:
124:
123:
38:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3039:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2957:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2941:Flame Emperor
2939:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2932:
2929:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2920:
2917:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2903:
2902:Black Emperor
2900:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2890:White Emperor
2888:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2861:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2813:Spirit tablet
2811:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2752:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2716:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2614:Organizations
2612:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2590:Son of Heaven
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2462:
2457:
2455:
2450:
2448:
2443:
2442:
2439:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2379:
2378:
2373:
2366:
2351:
2350:
2345:
2339:
2331:
2327:
2321:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2299:
2291:
2284:
2276:
2269:
2265:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2212:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2178:
2175:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2143:Yushima Seidō
2141:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2013:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1993:
1983:
1974:
1970:
1967:This list is
1965:
1958:
1957:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1890:
1889:
1880:
1877:in Surabaya,
1876:
1871:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1816:Hayashi Razan
1813:
1812:Yushima Seidō
1806:
1790:
1785:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1757:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1735:, South Korea
1734:
1730:
1726:
1717:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1682:Hưng Yên City
1680:, located in
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1655:
1650:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1566:
1557:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1539:
1534:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1501:
1497:
1490:
1485:
1481:
1480:imperial exam
1477:
1473:
1466:
1461:
1458:Shrine, Korea
1457:
1453:
1449:
1448:
1441:
1436:
1429:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1379:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1362:
1361:
1354:
1346:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1300:
1292:
1289:
1281:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1257:
1249:
1241:
1233:
1225:
1221:
1213:
1209:
1201:
1193:
1189:
1181:
1173:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1068:
1063:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1044:
1040:
1033:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1018:Wenchang Wang
1015:
1011:
1005:
999:
995:
990:
986:
981:
977:
972:
968:
960:
954:
946:
942:
938:
928:
926:
924:
919:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
875:
871:
869:
865:
859:
857:
856:Manchu script
853:
848:
844:
840:
838:
834:
829:
815:
813:
809:
804:
800:
795:
791:
786:
784:
780:
777:Japanese name
775:
761:
759:
755:
750:
746:
740:
736:
731:
727:
722:
720:
716:
711:
707:
702:
700:
696:
691:
685:
681:
674:
669:
667:
663:
659:
655:
653:
649:
644:
632:
630:
626:
623:
619:
614:
610:
605:
600:
598:
594:
589:
584:
582:
578:
573:
561:
559:
555:
552:
548:
543:
539:
534:
529:
527:
523:
518:
513:
511:
507:
502:
490:
488:
484:
481:
477:
472:
468:
463:
458:
456:
452:
447:
442:
440:
436:
431:
419:
417:
414:
410:
407:
403:
395:
393:
389:
386:
382:
377:
373:
368:
363:
361:
357:
352:
347:
345:
341:
336:
324:
322:
319:
315:
312:
308:
300:
298:
294:
291:
287:
282:
278:
273:
268:
266:
262:
257:
252:
250:
246:
241:
229:
227:
223:
220:
216:
211:
207:
204:
200:
196:
191:
186:
184:
180:
175:
170:
168:
164:
159:
149:
143:
138:
134:
129:
120:
117:
109:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67: –
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
2981:Mountain God
2724:
2666:Suika Shinto
2636:Taigu school
2565:Filial piety
2492:Festival Huế
2382:. Retrieved
2375:
2365:
2354:. Retrieved
2347:
2338:
2330:the original
2320:
2312:the original
2307:
2298:
2289:
2283:
2274:
2268:
2199:Văn Miếu in
2186:Văn Miếu in
2179:Văn Miếu in
2172:Văn Miếu in
1977:
1942:Kuala Lumpur
1939:
1916:
1887:
1883:
1832:
1793:
1788:
1761:World War II
1758:
1738:
1661:
1659:
1571:
1543:
1540:in Hong Kong
1511:
1500:Heilongjiang
1445:
1397:(Zisi), and
1380:
1365:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1342:Ming dynasty
1335:
1323:
1288:Chongshengci
1287:
1267:
1263:
1207:
1187:
1168:
1121:
1097:Tang dynasty
1093:Northern Wei
1087:In 454, the
1086:
1071:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1031:
1025:
1021:
1003:
988:
970:
958:
952:
934:
927:
920:
900:Confucianism
887:
883:
881:
812:Romanization
629:Hanyu Pinyin
558:Hanyu Pinyin
487:Hanyu Pinyin
406:Southern Min
392:Hanyu Pinyin
311:Southern Min
297:Hanyu Pinyin
226:Hanyu Pinyin
161:Chinese name
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
2931:Red Emperor
2772:Miao shrine
2745:Hero shrine
2704:Kang Youwei
2380:(in Korean)
2352:(in Korean)
2275:Tang shu 唐書
2213:, Indonesia
1749:Hyanggyo 항교
1745:Yi Seonggye
1626:Chiayi City
1616:located in
1584:in 1665 in
1264:Dachengdian
1208:Dachengdian
1078:Han dynasty
868:Möllendorff
850:Manchu name
693:Korean name
154: 1912
106:August 2016
2996:Categories
2833:Joss paper
2823:Hell money
2750:Myo shrine
2384:2023-10-29
2356:2024-01-12
2304:"孔廟黃大仙新地標"
2260:References
2021:Dai County
1969:incomplete
1824:Ochanomizu
1670:Lý dynasty
1405:(Ziqian),
1188:Dachengmen
1115:, and the
1074:Han Gao Zu
1010:Vietnamese
994:Indonesian
976:Vietnamese
906:and other
837:Indonesian
766:Kongja myo
652:Vietnamese
201:Temple of
76:newspapers
2767:Ci shrine
2718:Buildings
2694:Confucius
2656:Taiseikyo
2499:Feng Shan
2292:: 95–133.
2273:Liu, Xu.
2203:, Vietnam
2201:Vĩnh Long
2190:, Vietnam
2188:Khánh Hòa
2183:, Vietnam
2176:, Vietnam
2163:, Vietnam
2157:, Vietnam
2127:Shiseibyō
2001:Kaohsiung
1980:June 2017
1907:Chinatown
1879:Indonesia
1865:Indonesia
1805:kōshi-byō
1710:Vĩnh Long
1702:Hải Dương
1656:, Vietnam
1622:Kaohsiung
1528:Hong Kong
1409:(Boniu),
1391:Zeng Shen
1149:Structure
1143:academies
1107:(now the
937:East Asia
896:Confucius
493:Fūzi miào
398:Shèngmiào
2976:City God
2971:Tudigong
2936:Shennong
2777:Yin miao
2641:Shengdao
2538:Concepts
2519:Marriage
2218:See also
2211:Surabaya
2207:Boen Bio
2194:Văn Miếu
2174:Bắc Ninh
2167:Văn Miếu
2117:, Taiwan
2111:, Taiwan
2099:, Taiwan
2093:, Taiwan
2087:, Taiwan
2081:, Taiwan
1913:Malaysia
1903:Surabaya
1899:Boen Bio
1835:Nagasaki
1765:Gukjagam
1714:Bắc Ninh
1706:Biên Hòa
1698:Hưng Yên
1662:Văn Miếu
1634:Taichung
1476:Shanghai
1411:Ran Yong
1407:Ran Geng
1370:", the "
1330:Buddhist
1318:Zhejiang
1131:Shandong
1101:Jianshui
1089:Liu Song
1039:Japanese
1022:In Japan
998:boen bio
980:văn miếu
953:Kǒngmiào
843:Boen Bio
422:Sèng-biō
232:Kǒngmiào
3027:Shrines
2946:Zhurong
2907:Zhuanxu
2895:Shaohao
2875:Shangdi
2863:Deities
2806:Objects
2755:Jongmyo
2671:Onmyōdō
2595:Tianxia
2509:Guan Li
2475:Rituals
2308:The Sun
2229:Mansion
2181:Nghệ An
2123:, Japan
2059:, China
2053:, China
2047:, China
2041:, China
1946:Malacca
1826:by the
1644:Vietnam
1606:Chinese
1514:Vietnam
1472:Jiading
1403:Min Sun
1399:Mencius
1395:Kong Ji
1387:Yan Hui
1381:By the
1349:Worship
1340:of the
1324:Unlike
1268:Xingtan
1224:Chinese
1212:Chinese
1111:), the
1082:Yan Hui
1057:History
1026:Temples
971:wénmiào
967:Chinese
945:Beijing
916:Vietnam
666:Hán-Nôm
635:Xuégōng
564:Xuémiào
413:Hokkien
327:Bûn-biō
318:Hokkien
303:Wénmiào
90:scholar
3007:478 BC
2912:Xuanwu
2760:Munmyo
2682:People
2661:Shusei
2240:(文昌帝君)
2149:Munmyo
2137:Seibyō
2025:Shanxi
2005:Taiwan
1927:Penang
1888:litang
1853:; and
1769:Munmyo
1753:Joseon
1741:Goryeo
1729:Munmyo
1694:Hội An
1690:Tam Kỳ
1630:Taipei
1608::
1602:Fujian
1594:Taipei
1586:Tainan
1574:Taiwan
1560:Taiwan
1520:, and
1496:Harbin
1456:Munmyo
1415:Zhu Xi
1326:Taoist
1314:Ningbo
1301::
1293::
1282::
1274::
1258::
1250::
1242::
1234::
1226::
1214::
1202::
1194::
1182::
1174::
1163:Shanxi
1159:Datong
1139:Quzhou
1043:seibyō
989:munmyo
985:Korean
892:temple
818:seibyō
764:Munmyo
699:Hangul
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
2924:Fu Xi
2842:Books
2699:Xunzi
2514:Ji Li
1925:) in
1839:Bizen
1779:Japan
1733:Seoul
1720:Korea
1654:Hanoi
1552:, in
1522:Japan
1518:Korea
1360:yayue
1338:Taizu
1105:Xi'an
1048:seidō
1028:" or
1000:) or
963:(文廟)
931:Names
890:is a
820:seidō
783:Kanji
719:Hanja
676:文(聖)廟
97:JSTOR
83:books
2870:Tian
2482:Jesa
2231:and
2131:Naha
2067:建水文庙
2015:The
1995:The
1931:Qing
1855:Naha
1847:Taku
1820:Ueno
1712:and
1674:Tran
1636:and
1127:Qufu
1067:Qufu
943:and
941:Qufu
923:Qufu
203:Kong
146:The
69:news
2209:in
2019:in
1999:in
1975:.
1901:in
1799:孔子廟
1731:in
1686:Huế
1620:of
1454:in
1447:Aak
1328:or
1303:崇聖祠
1295:崇圣祠
1216:大成殿
1204:大成門
1196:大成门
1184:欞星門
1176:棂星门
1129:in
1046:or
902:in
886:or
730:孔子廟
710:공자묘
462:夫子庙
446:夫子廟
416:POJ
321:POJ
52:by
2998::
2374:.
2346:.
2023:,
2003:,
1894:礼堂
1873:A
1861:.
1857:,
1849:,
1845:;
1841:,
1837:,
1802:,
1716:.
1708:,
1704:,
1700:,
1696:,
1692:,
1688:,
1640:.
1632:,
1628:,
1610:釋奠
1556:.
1516:,
1498:,
1421:.
1393:,
1389:,
1363:.
1316:,
1297:;
1284:杏壇
1278:;
1276:杏坛
1254:;
1238:;
1228:神位
1198:;
1178:;
1161:,
1145:.
1135:Lu
1041::
1012::
996::
987::
982:;
978::
969::
882:A
794:聖堂
790:聖廟
726:文廟
706:문묘
673:文廟
604:学宫
588:學宮
533:学庙
517:學廟
367:圣庙
351:聖廟
272:文庙
256:文廟
190:孔庙
174:孔廟
151:c.
2460:e
2453:t
2446:v
2387:.
2359:.
2069:)
2027:.
2007:.
1982:)
1978:(
1891:(
1808:)
1796:(
1502:.
1320:.
1270:(
1260:賢
1252:贤
1244:聖
1236:圣
1222:(
1210:(
1190:(
1170:(
1165:.
1037:(
1034:"
1030:"
1008:(
1006:"
1002:"
991:;
973:;
965:(
961:"
957:"
951:(
119:)
113:(
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
46:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
