Knowledge

Telecommunications in Ecuador

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those that are supported with evidence, is prohibited. Websites bear "ultimate responsibility" for all content they host, including content authored by third parties. The law creates a new media regulator to prohibit the dissemination of "unbalanced" information and bans non-degreed journalists from publishing, effectively outlawing much investigative reporting and
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Ecuador's new "Organic Law on Communications" was passed in June 2013. The law recognizes a right to communication. Media companies are required to collect and store user information. "Media lynching", which appears to extend to any accusation of corruption or investigation of a public official—even
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faced similar pressure related to its readers' comments and the comments section was ultimately disabled after President Correa sent a letter of complaint. While there are no official constraints on organizing protests over the Internet, warnings from the president stating that the act of protesting
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Broadband (commonly used in urban zones) and satellite connections (often used in rural areas) are increasingly popular, eclipsing dial-up plans. According to industry estimates, between 33 and 66 percent of Internet users have broadband speeds between 2 and 3 Mbit/s, at a cost of $ 20 to $ 25
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The government has an ongoing campaign to increase Internet access across the country, with a goal of extending Internet connectivity to 50 percent of households by 2015. Public Internet access centers, known as Infocentros, have been installed in 377 (48 percent) of Ecuador's 810 rural parishes,
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to content critical of the government. Lawsuits have been filed against digital news sites for comments critical of the government. To use the services provided by cybercafes, the national secretary of telecommunications, SENATEL, requires that users register with the following information: full
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There is no widespread blocking or filtering of websites in Ecuador and access to blogs and social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube is generally free and open. Diverse sources of national and international information are available via the Internet. Anonymous communication,
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Ecuador has multiple TV networks and many local channels, as well as more than 300 radio stations. Many TV and radio stations are privately owned. The government owns or controls 5 national TV stations and multiple radio stations. Radio and television broadcasters are required by law to give the
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There were no government restrictions on access to the Internet or credible reports that the government monitored e-mail or Internet chat rooms. However, on 11 July 2012 the government passed a new telecommunications regulation, requiring that Internet service providers fulfill all information
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called for the National Secretary of Intelligence (SENAIN) to investigate two Twitter users who had published disparaging comments about him, an announcement which sent a warning to others not to post comments critical of the president. After receiving criticism from the government, news site
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are also becoming increasingly common. During the February 2013 elections for president and National Assembly, the Internet provided a real-time forum for candidates to launch proposals, solicit votes, discuss issues, and increase the scope of their publicity campaigns.
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International: landing points for the PAN-AM and South America-1 submarine cables that provide links to the west coast of South America, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, and extending onward to Aruba and the US Virgin Islands in the Caribbean; satellite earth station – 1
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laws apply to content posted online. Attempts to censor statements made in times of heightened political sensitivity have been reported, as have alleged instances of censorship via the overly broad application of
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per month. In May 2012, the Superintendent of Telecommunications indicated that the overall average speed of an Internet connection in Ecuador is 128 kbit/s, although speeds are lower in rural areas.
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indefinitely suspended the reader comments section on its website. At the president's request, the comments section was shut down completely. Print and digital news outlet
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will be interpreted as "an attempt to destabilize the government" have undoubtedly discouraged some from organizing and participating in protests.
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Ecuador's state regulatory agency is the National Telecommunications Council (CONATEL), which is part of the Telecommunications Ministry (MINTEL).
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requests from the superintendent of telecommunications, allowing access to client addresses and information without a judicial order.
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Domestic: fixed-line services provided by multiple telecommunications operators; mobile-cellular use has surged.
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Mobile broadband: 3.4 million subscribers, 48th in the world; 22.2% of population, 67th in the world (2012).
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General assessment: elementary fixed-line service, but increasingly sophisticated mobile-cellular network.
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Fixed broadband: 825,732 subscribers, 59th in the world; 5.4 of population, 102nd in the world (2012).
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Internet users: 5.3 million, 56th in the world (2012); 35.1% of the population, 119th in the world.
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name, phone number, passport number, voting certificate number, email address, and home address.
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Mobile cellular: 15.3 million subscribers, 55th in the world; 100 per 100 persons (2011).
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of comments critical of the government is encouraged. In January 2013, for example,
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Spain which rebranded Movistar), TDMA63. CNT is the state owned firm and uses CDMA.
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Radio broadcast stations: AM 279, FM 530 (plus 349 repeaters), shortwave 25 (2006).
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government free air time to broadcast programs produced by the state (2007).
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Fixed lines: 2.2 million lines, 56th in the world; 15 per 100 persons (2011).
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encrypted communications, and the use of security tools is not prohibited.
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Television broadcast stations: 323 (including repeaters) (2005).
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gives Ecuador a "freedom on the net status" of "partly free".
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include telephone, radio, television, and the Internet.
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Mobile networks are diverse and include 258:, "The Voice of the Andes" radio station 88:'s old network before being acquired by 2129:Ecuadorian–Peruvian territorial dispute 95: 3577: 990: 2674: 2056: 964: 558: 426: 398:International Telecommunication Union 382:International Telecommunication Union 2082: 2037: 178:Internet censorship and surveillance 2242:2010 coup d'Ă©tat attempt and crisis 2144:Ecuadorian–Peruvian War (1857–1860) 13: 585:Telecommunications in the Americas 80:850 MHz (largest) as well as 14: 3611: 2464:1998–1999 Ecuador economic crisis 454:Ecuadorian mobile phone companies 2257: 2036: 2026: 2017: 2016: 2005: 1626:Free-space optical communication 780: 747:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 538: 273: This article incorporates 268: 132:Televisions: 2.5 million (2001). 37:International country code: 593. 396:, Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, 380:, Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, 142:Internet hosts: 170,538 (2012). 403: 1: 3585:Telecommunications in Ecuador 2210:Supreme Council of Government 262: 117: 25: 17:Telecommunications in Ecuador 2012:Telecommunication portal 1793:Telecommunications equipment 400:. Retrieved on 29 June 2013. 384:. Retrieved on 29 June 2013. 7: 2496:Water supply and sanitation 1529:Alexander Stepanovich Popov 244: 136: 10: 3616: 2156:Liberal Revolution of 1895 1233:Telecommunications history 121: 3590:Communications in Ecuador 3541: 3315: 3104: 2936: 2708: 2632: 2560: 2517: 2508: 2432: 2423: 2356: 2347: 2275: 2266: 2255: 2094: 2000: 1942: 1879: 1841:Public Switched Telephone 1801: 1765: 1722: 1663: 1653:telecommunication circuit 1614:Fiber-optic communication 1597: 1359:Francis Blake (telephone) 1306: 1154:Optical telecommunication 998: 922: 889:Saint Pierre and Miquelon 789: 778: 590: 534: 510: 486: 460: 113:Radios: 5 million (2001). 2746:Central African Republic 2247:2024 Ecuadorian conflict 1752:Orbital angular-momentum 1189:Satellite communications 1028:Communications satellite 909:Turks and Caicos Islands 104: 54:(Atlantic Ocean) (2011). 3232:Palestinian territories 2227:War on drugs in Ecuador 2183:Ecuadorian–Peruvian War 2109:Real Audiencia of Quito 1631:Molecular communication 1454:Gardiner Greene Hubbard 1283:Undersea telegraph line 1018:Cable protection system 321:Freedom on the Net 2013 185:Freedom on the Net 2013 3402:YouTube video blocking 3353:Bosnia and Herzegovina 2200:Military Junta of 1963 1773:Communication protocol 1559:Charles Sumner Tainter 1374:Walter Houser Brattain 1319:Edwin Howard Armstrong 1127:Information revolution 824:British Virgin Islands 275:public domain material 2104:Pre-Columbian Ecuador 1747:Polarization-division 1479:Narinder Singh Kapany 1444:Erna Schneider Hoover 1364:Jagadish Chandra Bose 1344:Alexander Graham Bell 1075:online video platform 737:Saint Kitts and Nevis 155:Internet country code 124:Television in Ecuador 3292:United Arab Emirates 1589:Vladimir K. Zworykin 1549:Almon Brown Strowger 1519:Charles Grafton Page 1174:Prepaid mobile phone 1102:Electrical telegraph 96:Radio and television 3600:Internet in Ecuador 3074:Trinidad and Tobago 2171:1922 general strike 2114:War of Independence 1539:Johann Philipp Reis 1298:Wireless revolution 1260:The Telephone Cases 1117:Hydraulic telegraph 914:U.S. Virgin Islands 757:Trinidad and Tobago 602:Antigua and Barbuda 2999:Dominican Republic 2585:Indigenous peoples 2476:Telecommunications 2386:National Congress 1737:Frequency-division 1714:Telephone exchange 1584:Charles Wheatstone 1514:Jun-ichi Nishizawa 1489:Innocenzo Manzetti 1424:Reginald Fessenden 1159:Optical telegraphy 992:Telecommunications 667:Dominican Republic 545:Ecuador portal 281:The World Factbook 239:citizen journalism 40:Telephone system: 3572: 3571: 2668: 2667: 2628: 2627: 2504: 2503: 2449:Coffee production 2419: 2418: 2394:Political parties 2381:National Assembly 2371:Foreign relations 2343: 2342: 2166:Concha Revolution 2050: 2049: 1788:Store and forward 1783:Data transmission 1697:Network switching 1648:Transmission line 1494:Guglielmo Marconi 1459:Internet pioneers 1324:Mohamed M. Atalla 1293:Whistled language 958: 957: 552: 551: 3607: 3564:Papua New Guinea 2848: 2695: 2688: 2681: 2672: 2671: 2648: 2641: 2515: 2514: 2459:Economic history 2430: 2429: 2389: 2354: 2353: 2273: 2272: 2261: 2237:2000 coup d'Ă©tat 2139:March Revolution 2077: 2070: 2063: 2054: 2053: 2040: 2039: 2030: 2029: 2020: 2019: 2010: 2009: 2008: 1881:Notable networks 1871:Wireless network 1811:Cellular network 1803:Types of network 1778:Computer network 1665:Network topology 1579:Thomas A. Watson 1434:Oliver Heaviside 1419:Philo Farnsworth 1394:Daniel Davis Jr. 1369:Charles Bourseul 1329:John Logie Baird 1038:Data compression 1033:Computer network 985: 978: 971: 962: 961: 879:Saint BarthĂ©lemy 839:Falkland Islands 784: 579: 572: 565: 556: 555: 543: 542: 541: 447: 440: 433: 424: 423: 417: 407: 401: 391: 385: 375: 369: 363: 357: 347: 324: 314: 289: 272: 271: 221:President Correa 3615: 3614: 3610: 3609: 3608: 3606: 3605: 3604: 3575: 3574: 3573: 3568: 3537: 3468:North Macedonia 3311: 3100: 2932: 2844: 2704: 2699: 2669: 2664: 2651: 2644: 2637: 2624: 2605:Public holidays 2556: 2500: 2415: 2387: 2339: 2262: 2253: 2090: 2081: 2051: 2046: 2006: 2004: 1996: 1938: 1875: 1797: 1761: 1718: 1667: 1659: 1600: 1593: 1499:Robert Metcalfe 1354:Tim Berners-Lee 1302: 1122:Information Age 994: 989: 959: 954: 932:Central America 918: 793: 785: 776: 593: 586: 583: 553: 548: 539: 537: 530: 506: 488:MVNOs (virtual) 482: 456: 451: 421: 420: 408: 404: 392: 388: 376: 372: 364: 360: 348: 327: 315: 296: 278: 269: 265: 247: 217:Self-censorship 180: 139: 126: 120: 107: 98: 28: 12: 11: 5: 3613: 3603: 3602: 3597: 3592: 3587: 3570: 3569: 3567: 3566: 3561: 3556: 3551: 3545: 3543: 3539: 3538: 3536: 3535: 3533:United Kingdom 3530: 3525: 3520: 3515: 3510: 3505: 3500: 3495: 3490: 3485: 3480: 3475: 3470: 3465: 3460: 3455: 3450: 3445: 3440: 3435: 3430: 3425: 3420: 3415: 3410: 3405: 3395: 3390: 3385: 3380: 3375: 3373:Czech Republic 3370: 3365: 3360: 3355: 3350: 3345: 3340: 3335: 3330: 3325: 3319: 3317: 3313: 3312: 3310: 3309: 3304: 3299: 3294: 3289: 3284: 3279: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3254: 3249: 3244: 3239: 3234: 3229: 3224: 3219: 3214: 3209: 3204: 3199: 3194: 3189: 3184: 3179: 3174: 3169: 3164: 3159: 3154: 3149: 3144: 3139: 3134: 3129: 3124: 3119: 3114: 3108: 3106: 3102: 3101: 3099: 3098: 3093: 3088: 3087: 3086: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3061: 3056: 3051: 3046: 3041: 3036: 3031: 3026: 3021: 3016: 3011: 3006: 3001: 2996: 2991: 2986: 2981: 2976: 2971: 2966: 2961: 2956: 2951: 2946: 2940: 2938: 2934: 2933: 2931: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2900: 2895: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2870: 2865: 2860: 2855: 2850: 2846:Western Sahara 2838: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2818: 2813: 2808: 2803: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2783: 2778: 2773: 2768: 2763: 2758: 2753: 2748: 2743: 2738: 2733: 2728: 2723: 2718: 2712: 2710: 2706: 2705: 2698: 2697: 2690: 2683: 2675: 2666: 2665: 2663: 2662: 2657: 2650: 2649: 2642: 2634: 2633: 2630: 2629: 2626: 2625: 2623: 2622: 2617: 2612: 2607: 2602: 2600:Notable people 2597: 2592: 2587: 2582: 2577: 2572: 2566: 2564: 2558: 2557: 2555: 2554: 2549: 2544: 2539: 2534: 2529: 2524: 2518: 2512: 2506: 2505: 2502: 2501: 2499: 2498: 2493: 2488: 2483: 2478: 2473: 2468: 2467: 2466: 2456: 2451: 2446: 2445: 2444: 2433: 2427: 2421: 2420: 2417: 2416: 2414: 2413: 2411:Vice President 2408: 2407: 2406: 2396: 2391: 2383: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2363: 2357: 2351: 2345: 2344: 2341: 2340: 2338: 2337: 2332: 2327: 2322: 2320:National parks 2317: 2312: 2307: 2302: 2297: 2292: 2287: 2282: 2276: 2270: 2264: 2263: 2256: 2254: 2252: 2251: 2250: 2249: 2244: 2239: 2234: 2229: 2219: 2218: 2217: 2212: 2207: 2205:El Carnavalazo 2202: 2192: 2187: 2186: 2185: 2175: 2174: 2173: 2168: 2158: 2153: 2148: 2147: 2146: 2141: 2131: 2126: 2116: 2111: 2106: 2100: 2098: 2092: 2091: 2080: 2079: 2072: 2065: 2057: 2048: 2047: 2045: 2044: 2034: 2024: 2014: 2001: 1998: 1997: 1995: 1994: 1987: 1982: 1977: 1972: 1967: 1966: 1965: 1960: 1952: 1946: 1944: 1940: 1939: 1937: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1896: 1891: 1885: 1883: 1877: 1876: 1874: 1873: 1868: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1838: 1833: 1828: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1807: 1805: 1799: 1798: 1796: 1795: 1790: 1785: 1780: 1775: 1769: 1767: 1763: 1762: 1760: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1734: 1732:Space-division 1728: 1726: 1720: 1719: 1717: 1716: 1711: 1710: 1709: 1704: 1694: 1693: 1692: 1682: 1677: 1671: 1669: 1661: 1660: 1658: 1657: 1656: 1655: 1645: 1644: 1643: 1633: 1628: 1623: 1622: 1621: 1611: 1605: 1603: 1595: 1594: 1592: 1591: 1586: 1581: 1576: 1571: 1569:Camille Tissot 1566: 1561: 1556: 1551: 1546: 1544:Claude Shannon 1541: 1536: 1534:Tivadar Puskás 1531: 1526: 1521: 1516: 1511: 1506: 1504:Antonio Meucci 1501: 1496: 1491: 1486: 1481: 1476: 1474:Charles K. Kao 1471: 1466: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1449:Harold Hopkins 1446: 1441: 1436: 1431: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1411: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1351: 1349:Emile Berliner 1346: 1341: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1321: 1316: 1310: 1308: 1304: 1303: 1301: 1300: 1295: 1290: 1288:Videotelephony 1285: 1280: 1279: 1278: 1273: 1263: 1256: 1251: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1224: 1223: 1218: 1213: 1203: 1202: 1201: 1191: 1186: 1184:Radiotelephone 1181: 1176: 1171: 1166: 1161: 1156: 1151: 1150: 1149: 1139: 1134: 1129: 1124: 1119: 1114: 1109: 1104: 1099: 1094: 1089: 1088: 1087: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1070:Internet video 1062: 1061: 1060: 1055: 1050: 1045: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1004: 1002: 996: 995: 988: 987: 980: 973: 965: 956: 955: 953: 952: 945: 943: 941: 939: 934: 929: 923: 920: 919: 917: 916: 911: 906: 901: 896: 894:Sint Eustatius 891: 886: 881: 876: 871: 866: 861: 856: 851: 846: 841: 836: 831: 829:Cayman Islands 826: 821: 816: 811: 806: 800: 798: 787: 786: 779: 777: 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3055: 3052: 3050: 3047: 3045: 3042: 3040: 3037: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3025: 3022: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3007: 3005: 3002: 3000: 2997: 2995: 2992: 2990: 2987: 2985: 2982: 2980: 2977: 2975: 2972: 2970: 2967: 2965: 2962: 2960: 2957: 2955: 2952: 2950: 2947: 2945: 2942: 2941: 2939: 2935: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2919: 2916: 2914: 2911: 2909: 2906: 2904: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2866: 2864: 2861: 2859: 2856: 2854: 2851: 2847: 2842: 2839: 2837: 2834: 2832: 2829: 2827: 2824: 2822: 2819: 2817: 2814: 2812: 2809: 2807: 2804: 2802: 2799: 2797: 2796:Guinea-Bissau 2794: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2772: 2769: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2752: 2749: 2747: 2744: 2742: 2739: 2737: 2734: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2724: 2722: 2719: 2717: 2714: 2713: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2696: 2691: 2689: 2684: 2682: 2677: 2676: 2673: 2661: 2658: 2656: 2653: 2652: 2647: 2643: 2640: 2636: 2635: 2631: 2621: 2618: 2616: 2613: 2611: 2608: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2583: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2573: 2571: 2568: 2567: 2565: 2563: 2559: 2553: 2550: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2528: 2525: 2523: 2520: 2519: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2507: 2497: 2494: 2492: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2477: 2474: 2472: 2469: 2465: 2462: 2461: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2443: 2440: 2439: 2438: 2435: 2434: 2431: 2428: 2426: 2422: 2412: 2409: 2405: 2402: 2401: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2384: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2359: 2358: 2355: 2352: 2350: 2346: 2336: 2333: 2331: 2328: 2326: 2323: 2321: 2318: 2316: 2313: 2311: 2308: 2306: 2303: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2291: 2288: 2286: 2283: 2281: 2278: 2277: 2274: 2271: 2269: 2265: 2260: 2248: 2245: 2243: 2240: 2238: 2235: 2233: 2230: 2228: 2225: 2224: 2223: 2220: 2216: 2213: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2197: 2196: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2184: 2181: 2180: 2179: 2176: 2172: 2169: 2167: 2164: 2163: 2162: 2159: 2157: 2154: 2152: 2149: 2145: 2142: 2140: 2137: 2136: 2135: 2132: 2130: 2127: 2124: 2123:reunification 2120: 2119:Gran Colombia 2117: 2115: 2112: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2102: 2101: 2099: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2078: 2073: 2071: 2066: 2064: 2059: 2058: 2055: 2043: 2035: 2033: 2025: 2023: 2015: 2013: 2003: 2002: 1999: 1992: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1978: 1976: 1973: 1971: 1968: 1964: 1961: 1959: 1956: 1955: 1953: 1951: 1948: 1947: 1945: 1941: 1935: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1886: 1884: 1882: 1878: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1808: 1806: 1804: 1800: 1794: 1791: 1789: 1786: 1784: 1781: 1779: 1776: 1774: 1771: 1770: 1768: 1764: 1758: 1757:Code-division 1755: 1753: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1742:Time-division 1740: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1721: 1715: 1712: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1699: 1698: 1695: 1691: 1688: 1687: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1678: 1676: 1673: 1672: 1670: 1668:and switching 1666: 1662: 1654: 1651: 1650: 1649: 1646: 1642: 1639: 1638: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1620: 1619:optical fiber 1617: 1616: 1615: 1612: 1610: 1609:Coaxial cable 1607: 1606: 1604: 1602: 1596: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1565: 1562: 1560: 1557: 1555: 1552: 1550: 1547: 1545: 1542: 1540: 1537: 1535: 1532: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1524:Radia Perlman 1522: 1520: 1517: 1515: 1512: 1510: 1507: 1505: 1502: 1500: 1497: 1495: 1492: 1490: 1487: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1475: 1472: 1470: 1467: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1447: 1445: 1442: 1440: 1437: 1435: 1432: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1417: 1415: 1414:Lee de Forest 1412: 1410: 1409:Thomas Edison 1407: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1399:Donald Davies 1397: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1384:Claude Chappe 1382: 1380: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1367: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1330: 1327: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1315: 1312: 1311: 1309: 1305: 1299: 1296: 1294: 1291: 1289: 1286: 1284: 1281: 1277: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1268: 1267: 1264: 1262: 1261: 1257: 1255: 1252: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1228:Smoke signals 1226: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1209: 1208: 1207: 1206:Semiconductor 1204: 1200: 1197: 1196: 1195: 1192: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1182: 1180: 1177: 1175: 1172: 1170: 1167: 1165: 1162: 1160: 1157: 1155: 1152: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1143: 1140: 1138: 1135: 1133: 1130: 1128: 1125: 1123: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1113: 1110: 1108: 1105: 1103: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1086: 1083: 1081: 1078: 1076: 1073: 1071: 1068: 1067: 1066: 1065:Digital media 1063: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1040: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1005: 1003: 1001: 997: 993: 986: 981: 979: 974: 972: 967: 966: 963: 951: 950: 949:South America 946: 944: 942: 940: 938: 935: 933: 930: 928: 927:North America 925: 924: 921: 915: 912: 910: 907: 905: 902: 900: 897: 895: 892: 890: 887: 885: 882: 880: 877: 875: 872: 870: 867: 865: 862: 860: 857: 855: 852: 850: 847: 845: 844:French Guiana 842: 840: 837: 835: 832: 830: 827: 825: 822: 820: 817: 815: 812: 810: 807: 805: 802: 801: 799: 797: 792: 788: 783: 773: 770: 768: 765: 763: 762:United States 760: 758: 755: 753: 750: 748: 745: 743: 740: 738: 735: 733: 730: 728: 725: 723: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 698: 695: 693: 690: 688: 685: 683: 680: 678: 675: 673: 670: 668: 665: 663: 660: 658: 655: 653: 650: 648: 645: 643: 640: 638: 635: 633: 630: 628: 625: 623: 620: 618: 615: 613: 610: 608: 605: 603: 600: 599: 597: 595: 589: 580: 575: 573: 568: 566: 561: 560: 557: 547: 546: 533: 527: 524: 521: 519: 516: 515: 513: 509: 503: 500: 497: 494: 493: 491: 489: 485: 479: 476: 474: 471: 469: 466: 465: 463: 459: 455: 448: 443: 441: 436: 434: 429: 428: 425: 415: 411: 406: 399: 395: 390: 383: 379: 374: 367: 362: 355: 351: 346: 344: 342: 340: 338: 336: 334: 332: 330: 322: 318: 313: 311: 309: 307: 305: 303: 301: 299: 294: 287: 283: 282: 276: 267: 266: 257: 254: 252: 249: 248: 242: 240: 234: 231: 227: 222: 218: 214: 211: 206: 201: 197: 190: 189:Freedom House 186: 182: 181: 175: 171: 168: 160: 156: 153: 150: 147: 144: 141: 140: 131: 128: 127: 125: 112: 109: 108: 102: 93: 91: 87: 83: 79: 75: 71: 67: 63: 53: 48: 45: 42: 41: 39: 36: 33: 30: 29: 23: 20: 18: 3287:Turkmenistan 3247:Saudi Arabia 2893:South Africa 2883:Sierra Leone 2731:Burkina Faso 2552:Social class 2527:Demographics 2486:Trade unions 2475: 2442:Central Bank 2361:Constitution 2222:1990–present 2215:Paquisha War 1724:Multiplexing 1599:Transmission 1564:Nikola Tesla 1554:Henry Sutton 1509:Samuel Morse 1439:Robert Hooke 1404:Amos Dolbear 1339:John Bardeen 1258: 1238:Telautograph 1142:Mobile phone 1097:Edholm's law 1080:social media 1013:Broadcasting 947: 899:Sint Maarten 884:Saint Martin 791:Dependencies 671: 536: 413: 405: 389: 373: 361: 353: 320: 280: 235: 215: 202: 198: 194: 184: 172: 163: 99: 59: 21: 16: 15: 3559:New Zealand 3518:Switzerland 3463:Netherlands 3257:South Korea 3237:Philippines 3217:North Korea 3112:Afghanistan 3084:Puerto Rico 3009:El Salvador 2801:Ivory Coast 2300:Environment 2295:Earthquakes 1924:NPL network 1636:Radio waves 1574:Alfred Vail 1484:Hedy Lamarr 1469:Dawon Kahng 1429:Elisha Gray 1389:Yogen Dalal 1314:Nasir Ahmed 1248:Teleprinter 1112:Heliographs 869:Puerto Rico 796:territories 742:Saint Lucia 677:El Salvador 230:El Comercio 3579:Categories 3458:Montenegro 3438:Kazakhstan 3338:Azerbaijan 3297:Uzbekistan 3277:Tajikistan 3192:Kyrgyzstan 3142:East Timor 3122:Bangladesh 2989:Costa Rica 2853:Mozambique 2836:Mauritania 2826:Madagascar 2620:Television 2590:Newspapers 2232:Cenepa War 1970:Antarctica 1929:Toasternet 1851:Television 1334:Paul Baran 1266:Television 1250:(teletype) 1243:Telegraphy 1221:transistor 1199:Phryctoria 1169:Photophone 1147:Smartphone 1137:Mass media 864:Montserrat 859:Martinique 854:Guadeloupe 652:Costa Rica 263:References 205:defamation 118:Television 90:TelefĂłnica 86:Bell South 26:Telephones 3549:Australia 3448:Lithuania 3262:Sri Lanka 3252:Singapore 3157:Indonesia 3147:Hong Kong 3096:Venezuela 3049:Nicaragua 3019:Guatemala 3014:Greenland 2944:Argentina 2903:Swaziland 2537:Education 2491:Transport 2399:President 2366:Elections 2335:Volcanoes 2325:Provinces 2315:Mountains 2268:Geography 2195:1960–1990 2190:1944–1960 2178:1925–1944 2161:1895–1925 2151:1860–1895 2134:1830–1860 1954:Americas 1943:Locations 1914:Internet2 1675:Bandwidth 1379:Vint Cerf 1276:streaming 1254:Telephone 1194:Semaphore 1085:streaming 937:Caribbean 849:Greenland 772:Venezuela 717:Nicaragua 687:Guatemala 607:Argentina 592:Sovereign 522:Bellsouth 410:"Ecuador" 350:"Ecuador" 317:"Ecuador" 210:copyright 203:Standard 3503:Slovenia 3498:Slovakia 3478:Portugal 3358:Bulgaria 3282:Thailand 3227:Pakistan 3202:Mongolia 3197:Malaysia 3132:Cambodia 3069:Suriname 3059:Paraguay 3034:Honduras 2984:Colombia 2954:Barbados 2937:Americas 2928:Zimbabwe 2908:Tanzania 2776:Ethiopia 2761:Congo RO 2756:Congo DR 2741:Cameroon 2726:Botswana 2655:Category 2547:Religion 2454:Currency 2388:(former) 2376:Military 2349:Politics 2088:articles 2022:Category 1909:Internet 1899:CYCLADES 1816:Ethernet 1766:Concepts 1690:terminal 1641:wireless 1464:Bob Kahn 1307:Pioneers 1132:Internet 1023:Cable TV 804:Anguilla 752:Suriname 727:Paraguay 702:Honduras 662:Dominica 647:Colombia 617:Barbados 498:MAXIplus 495:AkĂ­MOVIL 478:Movistar 461:National 245:See also 187:report, 137:Internet 70:Movistar 52:Intelsat 3542:Oceania 3528:Ukraine 3483:Romania 3453:Moldova 3428:Ireland 3423:Iceland 3418:Hungary 3408:Georgia 3398:Germany 3388:Finland 3383:Estonia 3378:Denmark 3363:Croatia 3348:Belgium 3343:Belarus 3333:Austria 3328:Armenia 3323:Albania 3302:Vietnam 3207:Myanmar 3117:Bahrain 3091:Uruguay 3039:Jamaica 3004:Ecuador 2964:Bolivia 2949:Bahamas 2918:Tunisia 2888:Somalia 2878:Senegal 2868:Nigeria 2858:Namibia 2841:Morocco 2816:Liberia 2811:Lesotho 2771:Eritrea 2736:Burundi 2716:Algeria 2639:Outline 2615:Smoking 2575:Cuisine 2562:Culture 2510:Society 2481:Tourism 2437:Banking 2425:Economy 2310:Mammals 2305:Islands 2290:Climate 2096:History 2084:Ecuador 2042:Commons 2032:Outline 1985:Oceania 1904:FidoNet 1889:ARPANET 1702:circuit 1271:digital 1000:History 834:Curaçao 819:Bonaire 814:Bermuda 767:Uruguay 707:Jamaica 682:Grenada 672:Ecuador 627:Bolivia 612:Bahamas 511:Defunct 226:La Hora 183:In its 3523:Turkey 3513:Sweden 3493:Serbia 3488:Russia 3473:Poland 3443:Latvia 3413:Greece 3393:France 3368:Cyprus 3316:Europe 3272:Taiwan 3187:Kuwait 3182:Jordan 3172:Israel 3127:Bhutan 3054:Panama 3044:Mexico 3024:Guyana 2974:Canada 2969:Brazil 2959:Belize 2923:Zambia 2873:Rwanda 2831:Malawi 2791:Guinea 2781:Gambia 2721:Angola 2709:Africa 2660:Portal 2570:Cinema 2542:Health 2532:People 2471:Mining 2330:Rivers 2285:Cities 2086:  1980:Europe 1950:Africa 1934:Usenet 1894:BITNET 1831:Mobile 1707:packet 1216:MOSFET 1211:device 1008:Beacon 722:Panama 712:Mexico 692:Guyana 637:Canada 632:Brazil 622:Belize 594:states 518:Alegro 502:Tuenti 468:CNT EP 72:, and 66:Telcel 3508:Spain 3433:Italy 3307:Yemen 3267:Syria 3242:Qatar 3212:Nepal 3177:Japan 3152:India 3137:China 3029:Haiti 2979:Chile 2898:Sudan 2863:Niger 2821:Libya 2806:Kenya 2786:Ghana 2766:Egypt 2646:Index 2610:Sport 2595:Music 2522:Crime 2280:Birds 1963:South 1958:North 1919:JANET 1856:Telex 1846:Radio 1685:Nodes 1680:Links 1601:media 1179:Radio 1164:Pager 1092:Drums 1058:video 1053:image 1043:audio 809:Aruba 697:Haiti 642:Chile 526:Porta 473:Claro 277:from 251:ETAPA 105:Radio 62:Claro 3554:Fiji 3222:Oman 3167:Iraq 3162:Iran 3105:Asia 3064:Peru 2994:Cuba 2913:Togo 2751:Chad 2580:Flag 2404:List 1975:Asia 1861:UUCP 1821:ISDN 874:Saba 794:and 732:Peru 657:Cuba 256:HCJB 82:CDMA 1866:WAN 1836:NGN 1826:LAN 1107:Fax 1048:DCT 286:CIA 159:.ec 78:GSM 74:CNT 68:), 3581:: 412:, 352:, 328:^ 319:, 297:^ 284:. 157:: 3404:) 3400:( 2849:) 2843:( 2694:e 2687:t 2680:v 2125:) 2121:( 2076:e 2069:t 2062:v 1993:) 1989:( 984:e 977:t 970:v 578:e 571:t 564:v 446:e 439:t 432:v 288:. 84:( 64:(

Index

Intelsat
Claro
Telcel
Movistar
CNT
GSM
CDMA
Bell South
TelefĂłnica
Television in Ecuador
Internet country code
.ec
Internet cafes
Freedom House
defamation
copyright
Self-censorship
President Correa
La Hora
El Comercio
citizen journalism
ETAPA
HCJB
public domain material
The World Factbook
CIA



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