410:. Unfortunately, Granite Productions (CEO Simon Welfare, series director Gwyneth Hughes), the company which made the film, destroyed the tapes of this interview. Naturally, the recording ran for many minutes, and was much longer than the short excerpt which showed the three chatting round Alexander Lavut's kitchen table.
317:
and
Tatyana Khodorovich assumed public responsibility at a press conference in Moscow for the bulletin's future distribution. They then released three delayed issues, one for December 1972 and two covering 1973, and a statement that "we regard it as our duty to facilitate as wide a circulation for
413:
Kovalyov subsequently became a familiar figure on
Russian TV as the country's first Human Rights Ombudsman and a member of successive convocations of parliament (Supreme Soviet, State Duma). Velikanova and Lavut lived the rest of their lives, known only to a few, and died in comparative obscurity.
389:
In
December 1987 Gorbachev offered an amnesty to the last two women prisoners still serving a sentence under Article 70 (Anti-Soviet Agitation and Propaganda). Velikanova turned it down, demanding that she be rehabilitated and absolved of any crimes. Like a number of other political prisoners
321:
Sergei
Kovalev was arrested at the end of 1974 and given a long term of imprisonment and internal exile at his trial the next year; Tatyana Khodorovich emigrated from the USSR in 1977. In 1979, Velikanova along with Arina Ginzburg, Malva Landa, Viktor Nekipelov and Andrei Sakharov demanded a
260:. The unofficial bi-monthly gathered reports from all over the USSR of violations by the Soviet authorities of civil rights and judicial procedure, and recorded the response to those violations. It soon became the principal uncensored Russian-language source of information about
176:
and five years of internal exile. Turning down the offer of an amnesty from
Mikhail Gorbachev in December 1987 as one of the last of two women convicted under Article 70 (the other was Elena Sannikova), Velikanova voluntarily served her sentence of exile to the end.
225:. She had gone to the Square with one of the demonstrators, her husband Konstantin Babitsky, so as to testify as a witness in court if needed. Like the other protestors Babitsky was arrested on the spot. He was sentenced to three years in exile in the Far Northern
342:, formed a "Committee for the Defense of Velikanova". The Committee collected and disseminated information on her case in samizdat. A petition in defense of Velikanova was signed by almost five hundred people. Others who independently petitioned for her were
229:
Region. Velikanova's experience at the trial where her testimony was distorted and used against
Babitsky, led her to decide she would never again participate in such judicial proceedings. (Nor did she, see below, when she was herself put on trial in 1980.)
362:
At her trial in August 1980, Velikanova refused to defend herself, stating: "by participating in this trial, I would be collaborating in an unlawful act. I respect the law, and therefore, I refuse to take part in this trial."
2076:
1007:
302:
initiated a major crackdown on the bulletin, arresting several of its editors and distributors, threatening to make more arrests, regardless of authorship, for every published issue of the
165:
for most of that underground periodical's existence (1968–1983), bravely exposing her involvement with the anonymously edited and distributed bulletin at a press conference in May 1974.
976:
235:
239:. Unusually for the dissident movement at the time, the organization tried to appeal to the international community. Speaking on behalf of the victims of
172:, the first human rights organization in the USSR since 1918. Arrested in November 1979, Velikanova was sentenced in August 1980 to four years in a
727:
279:
169:
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624:
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When the verdict was handed down, Velikanova commented: "The farce is over. So that's that." She had been sentenced to four years in
244:
606:
261:
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186:
469:
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2056:
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referendum in the Baltic States to allow them to determine their own political fate. She was arrested that summer on charges of "
2086:
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222:
113:
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823:
2066:
623:
Yakobson, Anatoly; Yakir, Pyotr; Khodorovich, Tatyana; Podyapolskiy, Gregory; Maltsev, Yuri; et al. (21 August 1969).
450:
313:
was in their view a legal publication, three of those involved decided to forsake anonymity. On 7 May, Tatyana
Velikanova,
123:
2036:
1865:
785:
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were interviewed about their dissident activities for the seven-part "Red Empire" TV series (Central TV), fronted by
945:
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256:
214:
161:
913:
557:
283:. Their information continued to flow to Moscow, however, for translation into Russian and inclusion in the
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629:
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2041:
1610:
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1001:
923:
704:
Defending Human Rights in Russia: Sergei
Kovalyov, Dissident and Human Rights Commissioner, 1969–2003
273:
741:
996:
1200:
1055:
190:
78:
1870:
1635:
415:
323:
1890:
268:'s time as Party leader. Velikanova eventually became one of its main organizers and editors.
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991:
986:
2031:
2026:
1945:
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1375:
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1075:
909:
843:
676:
The Legacy of Soviet
Dissent: Dissidents, Democratisation and Radical Nationalism in Russia
893:
524:
8:
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Velikanova refused to agree to such conditions, and she served her full term of exile.
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in 1954. A mathematician by training, she began work as a teacher in a school in the
418:, teaching math and Russian language and literature. She died on 19 September 2002.
271:
As the years passed similar journals came into existence in other Soviet republics,
1995:
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159:. A veteran of the human rights movement in the Soviet Union, she was an editor of
156:
155:, 3 February 1932 in Moscow – 19 September 2002 in Moscow) was a mathematician and
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Working
Commission to Investigate the Use of Psychiatry for Political Purposes
2020:
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In order to deflect pressure from other participants, and to stress that the
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247:. (The appeal was almost instantly translated and republished in the West.
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378:. An account of Velikanova's time in the Mordovian camps can be found in
339:
1915:
1895:
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1615:
1230:
1175:
470:"The release of political prisoners and the application of amnesties",
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Amnesty International prisoners of conscience held by the Soviet Union
374:, east of Moscow, and in 1984 was sent into internal exile in western
1930:
1395:
592:
370:, followed by five years of exile. Velikanova spent her camp term in
930:
1770:
1320:
371:
357:
251:
414:
After her return to Moscow late in 1988, she took up work in the
233:
In May 1969, with 14 other dissidents, Velikanova co-founded the
134:
Four years in corrective-labour camps; five years internal exile
558:""Параллели, события, люди". Шестая серия. Татьяна Великанова"
326:". After her arrest, several prominent dissidents, among them
217:, an open protest by seven people against the crushing of the
865:"Tatjana Welikanowa - dissidenten.eu - Biografisches Lexikon"
367:
173:
977:
Initiative Group for the Defense of Human Rights in the USSR
290:
499:"Tatyana M. Velikanova, 70, Soviet Human Rights Activist"
299:
236:
Action Group for the Defense of Human Rights in the USSR
204:
185:
Born on 3 February 1932, Velikanova graduated from the
16:
20th-century Soviet dissident and human rights activist
678:. London; New York: RoutledgeCurzon. pp. 70–129.
908:
811:
607:"An Appeal to the UN Commission on Human Rights",
669:
667:
665:
197:. Then, from 1957 onwards, she was employed as a
2018:
674:Horvath, Robert (2005). "The rights-defenders".
625:"An Appeal to The UN Committee for Human Rights"
358:Trial, sentence and return to Moscow (1980–1988)
916:[The sixth part. Tatyana Velikanova].
850:, 1992. Produced and directed by Mike Dormer,
662:
492:
490:
488:
486:
484:
482:
250:In 1970, Velikanova began contributing to the
168:She was also a founding member in 1969 of the
946:
809:
509:, 17 October 2002.(Retrieved 14 August 2015.)
280:Chronicle of the Catholic Church in Lithuania
170:Initiative Group on Human Rights in the USSR
896:[Alphabet of dissent. Velikanova].
697:
695:
479:
243:in the Soviet Union the Group wrote to the
114:Dissident movement in the Soviet Union
953:
939:
726:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
496:
973:Human rights movement in the Soviet Union
519:
517:
515:
701:
692:
393:
673:
126:(Article 70 of the RSFSR Criminal Code)
2019:
512:
497:Kishkovsky, Sophia (17 October 2002).
465:
463:
982:Committee on Human Rights in the USSR
960:
934:
742:"31 December 1972 – 31 December 1973"
552:
550:
223:Soviet-led invasion of Czechoslovakia
213:in 1968. That year she witnessed the
205:The making of a dissident (1968–1969)
187:Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics
124:Anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda
460:
451:"The trial of Tatyana Velikanova",
439:(28.0), 31 December 1972 (May 1974)
13:
914:"Шестая серия. Татьяна Великанова"
547:
14:
2103:
894:"Алфавит инакомыслия. Великанова"
886:
153:Татья́на Миха́йловна Велика́нова
857:
832:
803:
786:"The "Trial of T. Velikanova",
778:
764:"No 55 : 31 December 1979"
756:
734:
645:"A Chronicle of Current Events"
637:
435:"To readers of the Chronicle",
294:resumes publication (1974–1979)
2082:Soviet prisoners and detainees
2057:Moscow State University alumni
616:
600:
580:
535:(in Russian). 14 February 2012
444:
428:
149:Tatyana Mikhailovna Velikanova
1:
2087:20th-century women scientists
2047:Soviet human rights activists
810:Ratushunskaya, Irina (1989).
788:A Chronicle of Current Events
649:A Chronicle of Current Events
609:A Chronicle of Current Events
453:A Chronicle of Current Events
437:A Chronicle of Current Events
421:
382:, written by fellow prisoner
257:A Chronicle of Current Events
245:UN Commission on Human Rights
215:1968 Red Square demonstration
162:A Chronicle of Current Events
31:Татьяна Михайловна Великанова
2052:Women human rights activists
630:The New York Review of Books
180:
7:
2067:Soviet women mathematicians
838:Part 7: Conclusion (1990).
402:, Tatiana Velikovanova and
285:Chronicle of Current Events
10:
2108:
2037:Mathematicians from Moscow
1026:
1002:Lithuanian Helsinki Group
968:
924:Parallels, Events, People
818:. Vintage International.
814:Grey Is the Color of Hope
380:Grey Is the Color of Hope
152:
138:
130:
119:
109:
101:
84:
74:
58:
35:
30:
23:
997:Ukrainian Helsinki Group
790:(58.1), 30 October 1980"
474:(23-1), 15 December 1987
1201:Alexander Esenin-Volpin
1056:Anton Antonov-Ovseyenko
702:Gilligan, Emma (2004).
191:Moscow State University
79:Moscow State University
1871:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
1636:Valeriya Novodvorskaya
324:anti-Soviet propaganda
2062:Soviet mathematicians
1701:Alexander Piatigorsky
1676:Konstantin Paustovsky
1646:Alexander Ogorodnikov
1286:Natalya Gorbanevskaya
1251:Mirsaid Sultan-Galiev
992:Moscow Helsinki Group
987:Solzhenitsyn Aid Fund
455:(58.1), November 1980
394:Documentary and death
262:political repressions
105:Human rights activism
2072:Women mathematicians
1946:Andrei Tverdokhlebov
1721:Vladimir Pribylovsky
1536:Michail J. Makarenko
1376:Vitaliy Kalynychenko
1146:Viacheslav Chornovil
910:Natella Boltyanskaya
854:, and Jill Marshall.
844:Yorkshire Television
588:"Tatyana Velikanova"
562:www.golos-ameriki.ru
241:political repression
209:Velikanova became a
2092:Dubravlag detainees
1891:Aleksandras Štromas
1886:Vladimir Strelnikov
1881:Galina Starovoytova
1831:Alexander Shatravka
1741:Irina Ratushinskaya
1711:Alexandr Podrabinek
1691:Yekaterina Peshkova
1566:Myroslav Marynovych
1551:Nadezhda Mandelstam
1441:Zoya Krakhmalnikova
1391:Ephraim Kholmyansky
1361:Sofiya Kalistratova
744:. 27 September 2013
611:(8.10) 30 June 1969
527:Алфавит инакомыслия
384:Irina Ratushinskaya
336:Sofiya Kalistratova
142:Konstantin Babitsky
53:, Soviet Union
2001:Alexander Zinoviev
1991:Venedikt Yerofeyev
1971:Vladimir Voinovich
1951:Tatyana Velikanova
1731:Anatoly Pristavkin
1601:Yosef Mendelevitch
1481:Mikhail Leontovich
1296:Sergei Grigoryants
1266:Alexander Ginzburg
1256:Zviad Gamsakhurdia
1166:Andrey Derevyankin
1101:Alexander Bolonkin
1041:Lyudmila Alexeyeva
904:. 4 February 2012.
596:. 30 October 2002.
352:Vladimir Voinovich
346:, the philosopher
274:The Ukraine Herald
25:Tatyana Velikanova
2042:Soviet dissidents
2014:
2013:
1976:Michael Voslenski
1921:Alexander Tarasov
1901:Nadiya Svitlychna
1791:Shmuel Schneurson
1716:Grigory Pomerants
1631:Alexander Nekrich
1571:Grigorii Maksimov
1561:Valeriy Marchenko
1556:Anatoly Marchenko
1461:Anatoly Kuznetsov
1351:Boris Kagarlitsky
1271:Yevgenia Ginzburg
1261:Vladimir Gershuni
1186:Mustafa Dzhemilev
1151:Lydia Chukovskaya
1141:Boris Chichibabin
1126:Vladimir Bukovsky
1116:Vladimir Bougrine
962:Soviet dissidents
912:(14 March 2014).
825:978-0-679-72447-6
350:, and the writer
348:Grigory Pomerants
146:
145:
62:19 September 2002
2099:
1996:Yevgeny Zamyatin
1981:Anatoly Yakobson
1941:Valentin Turchin
1851:Andrei Sinyavsky
1841:Yurii Shukhevych
1836:Vladimir Shelkov
1821:Avital Sharansky
1811:Igor Shafarevich
1736:Boris Pustyntsev
1621:Viktor Nekipelov
1531:Kronid Lyubarsky
1521:Levko Lukyanenko
1486:Alexander Lerner
1466:Eduard Kuznetsov
1451:Yuri Kublanovsky
1416:Anatoly Koryagin
1316:Paruyr Hayrikyan
1291:Pyotr Grigorenko
1276:Anatoly Gladilin
1246:Alexander Galich
1196:Abulfaz Elchibey
1171:David Devdariani
1086:Nikolai Berdyaev
1081:Arkadiy Belinkov
1051:Chabua Amirejibi
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131:Criminal penalty
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1966:Georgi Vladimov
1911:Vasyl Symonenko
1906:Ivan Svitlichny
1876:Pitirim Sorokin
1866:Sergei Soldatov
1856:Vladimir Slepak
1826:Natan Sharansky
1816:Varlam Shalamov
1786:Dmitri Savitski
1781:Andrei Sakharov
1751:Arseny Roginsky
1706:Leonid Plyushch
1696:Viktoras Petkus
1671:Boris Pasternak
1641:Vasile Odobescu
1626:Viktor Nekrasov
1591:Mykhailo Melnyk
1581:Zhores Medvedev
1501:Veniamin Levich
1476:Alexander Lavut
1421:Nahum Korzhavin
1381:Dina Kaminskaya
1301:Vasily Grossman
1236:Balys Gajauskas
1226:Moysey Fishbein
1221:Viktor Fainberg
1181:Yuri Druzhnikov
1131:Valery Chalidze
1076:Vasile Bătrânac
1036:Vasily Aksyonov
1031:Mikhail Agursky
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568:. 14 March 2014
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1046:Andrei Amalrik
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887:External links
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869:dissidenten.eu
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852:Gwyneth Hughes
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533:Радио Свобода
530:
529:. Великанова"
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2006:Yosyf Zisels
1986:Gleb Yakunin
1950:
1936:Lev Timofeev
1801:Victor Serge
1766:Yuly Rybakov
1746:Eliyahu Rips
1656:Raisa Orlova
1576:Roy Medvedev
1541:Vasyl Makukh
1386:Ivan Kandyba
1336:Bohdan Horyn
1071:Anna Barkova
1066:Mykola Bakay
1061:Gunārs Astra
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872:. Retrieved
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64:(2002-09-19)
51:Russian SFSR
18:
2032:2002 deaths
2027:1932 births
1961:Georgi Vins
1796:Iryna Senyk
1666:Lagle Parek
1586:Naum Meiman
1471:Malva Landa
1406:Lev Kopelev
1211:Efim Etkind
1191:Ivan Dziuba
1156:Yuli Daniel
1136:Lev Chernyi
1013:Helsinki-86
368:prison camp
340:Lev Kopelev
254:periodical
201:in Moscow.
174:prison camp
85:Occupations
2021:Categories
1916:Les Tanyuk
1896:Vasyl Stus
1651:Yuri Orlov
1616:Ion Moraru
1231:Ilya Gabay
1176:Ivan Drach
840:Red Empire
706:. London.
422:References
376:Kazakhstan
199:programmer
151:(Russian:
42:1932-02-03
1931:Enn Tarto
1511:Jüri Lina
1456:Jüri Kukk
1396:Yuliy Kim
874:25 August
795:25 August
770:25 August
748:25 August
722:cite book
654:25 August
593:The Times
572:14 August
539:14 August
416:School 57
311:Chronicle
304:Chronicle
292:Chronicle
211:dissident
181:Biography
1771:Ain Saar
1321:Ivan Hel
1018:Memorial
372:Mordovia
277:and the
252:samizdat
110:Movement
49:Moscow,
846:, 1990/
264:during
94:teacher
822:
710:
682:
139:Spouse
195:Urals
876:2020
820:ISBN
797:2020
772:2020
750:2020
728:link
708:ISBN
680:ISBN
656:2020
574:2015
541:2015
338:and
227:Komi
59:Died
36:Born
300:KGB
189:of
2023::
975::
867:.
842:.
724:}}
720:{{
694:^
664:^
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